Distributed by
Any reference to Raytheon or
RTN in this manual should be
interpreted as Raymarine.
The names Raytheon and RTN
are owned by the
Raytheon Company.
Linear Drive
Installation Guide
Drives covered:
M81130 Type 1 Linear Drive 12 V
M81131 Type 2 (short) Linear Drive 12 V
M81132 Type 2 (long) Linear Drive 12 V
M81133 Type 2 (short) Linear Drive 24 V
M81134 Type 2 (long) Linear Driv e 24 V
Document number: 81175-3
March 2001
2 Linear Drive - Installation Guide
Important information
Safety notices
WARNING: Product installation
This equipment must be installed and operated in accordance
with the instructions contained in this handbook. Failure to do so
could result in poor pr oduct performance, personal injury and/
or damage to your boat.
Because correct performance of the boat’s steering is critical for
safety , we STRONGLY RECOMME ND that an Authori zed
Raymarine Service Representative fits this product.
WARNING: Navigation aid
Although we have designed this pr oduct to be accurate and
reliable, many factors can affect its performance. As a result, it
should only be used as an aid to n avigation and should never
replace commons ense and navigational judgement. A lways
maintain a permanent watch so you can respond t o situations as
they develop.
EMC conformance
All Raymarine equipment and accessories are designed to the best
industry standards for use in the recreational marine environment.
The design and manufacture of Raymarine equipment and
accessories conform to the appropriate Electromagnetic
Compatibility (EMC) standards, but correct installation is required to
ensure that performance is not compromised.
Handbook information
T o the best of our knowledge, the information in this han dbook was
correct when it went to press. However, Raymarine cannot accept
liability for any inaccuracies or omissions it may contain. In addition,
our policy of continuous product improvement may change
specifications without notice. As a result, Raymarine cannot accept
liability for any differences between the product and the hand book.
© Raymarine Ltd 2001.
Linear Drive - Installation Guide 3
Introduction
Product description
W elcome to the installation guide for the Raymarine linear drive.
This product is intended to operate the boat’ s steering mechanism as
part of a Raymarine autopilot system. It is designed for boats with
existing mechanical steering systems
CAUTION:
This drive moves the rudder directly from the tiller arm or
rudder quadrant. Before installing the drive, check that the
boat’s steering system can be backdriven from the rudder .
The outstanding design of the Raymarine linear dri ve unit provides:
• powerful thrust, fast hardover times and quiet operation
• low backdrive force, to minimize the drive’s effect on the boat ’s
steering when the autopilot is in standby
• a powerful electric motor controlled by an electromagnetic failsafe clutch, using a high tensile belt drive and epicyclic gearbox
• high performance for minimum current consumption
Clutch cable
Motor cables
Push rod
Rod end
Figure 1: Main parts of the linear drive
Contents
This guide contains:
Mounting foot
Product specifications page 4
1
Installation instructions page 5
2
Maintenance information page 14
3
Motor, gearbox and
clutch assembly
D5075-1
4 Linear Drive - Installation Guide
Specifications
Drive specifications
Table 1: Drive specifications
Performance*
(at nominal voltage)
Maximum boat displacement 10,000 kg
Peak thrust 295 kg
Maximum stroke 300 mm
Hardover to hardover time
(+/- 35º, no load)
Maximum rudder torque 735 Nm
Power consumption
(typical average)
Other information (applies to Types 1 and 2 short/long)
Type 1 (T1)
M81130 (12 V)
(22,000 lb)
(650 lb)
(12 in)
11 sec 11 sec 14 sec
(6,500 lb.in)
18-36 W 48-72 W (12 V)
protected for use in engine compartments
CE approvals - conforms to:
89/336/EC (EMC), EN60945:1997
94/25/EC (RCD), EN28846:1993
Type 2 short
(T2S)
M81131 (12 V)
M81133 (24 V)
15,000 kg
(33,000 lb)
480 kg
(1,050 lb)
300 mm
(12 in)
1,190 Nm
(10,500 lb.in)
66-96W (24 V)
Typ e 2 long
(T2L)
M81132 (12 V)
M81134 (24 V)
20,000 kg
(44,000 lb)
480 kg
(1,050 lb)
400 mm
(16 in)
1,660 Nm
(14,700 lb.in)
Linear Drive - Installation Guide 5
Drive dimensions
A (midstroke)
197 mm (7.8 in)
79 mm (3.1 in)
90º
50 mm (2 in)
114 mm (4.5 in)
4 fixing holes suitable
for 10 mm (0.4 in) bolts
Figure 2: Linear drive dimensions
Installation instructions
Parts required
T o install this drive you will need:
• Parts supplied:
• linear drive
• mounting foot assembly , consisting of: foot, pivot pin, washer
(x2), R-clip (x2)
• tiller pin assembly (see Figure 6) consisting of: tiller pin,
R-clip, top washer, lock washer, nut (
• Additional parts:
• suitable securing bolts and lock nuts/lock washers (see
page 10)
• suitable cable and electrical connectors for the drive motor
and clutch (see page 12)
Note: Make sure you have obtained these additional parts before you
start installation.
Drive Dimension 'A'
Type 1 700 mm (27.5 in)
Type 2 (short) 700 mm (27.5 in)
Type 2 (long) 850 mm (33.5 in)
1
/
inch UNC nylock)
2
D5081-1
6 Linear Drive - Installation Guide
Installation steps
WARNING: Electrical safety
Make sure you have switched off the power supply before you
start installing this product.
Follow these steps to install your linear drive unit:
Consult the EMC installation guidelines. page 6
1
Mount the drive. page 8
2
Connect to the course computer. page 12
3
Complete the post-installation check. page 14
4
Ï
Ï
Ï
1. EMC installation guidelines
All Raymarine equipment and accessories are designed to the best
industry standards for use in the recreational marine environment.
Their design and manufacture conforms to the appropriate
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards, but correct
installation is required to ensure that performance is not
compromised. Although every effort has been ta ken to ensure that
they will perform under all conditions, it is importa nt to understand
what factors could affect the operation of the product.
The guidelines given here describe the conditions for opti mum EMC
performance, but it is recognized that it may not be possible to meet
all of these conditions in all situations. T o ensure the best possible
conditions for EMC performance within the constraints imposed by
any location, always ensure the maximum separation possible
between different items of electrical equipment.
For optimum EMC perform ance, it is recommended that wherever
possible:
• Raymarine equipment and cables connected to it are:
Linear Drive - Installation Guide 7
• At least 3 ft (1 m) from any equipment transmitting or cab les
carrying radio signals e.g. VHF radios, cables and antennas.
In the case of SSB radios, the distance should be increased to
7ft (2m).
• More than 7 ft (2 m) from the path of a radar beam. A radar
beam can normally be assumed to spread 20 degrees above
and below the radiating element.
• The equipment is supplied from a separate battery from that used
for engine start. Voltage drops below 10 V, and starter motor
transients, can cause the equipment to reset. This will not damage
the equipment, but may cause the loss of some information and
may change the operating mode.
• Raymarine specified cables are used. Cutting and rejoining these
cables can compromise EMC performance and must be avoided
unless doing so is detailed in the installation manual.
• If a suppression ferrite is attached to a cable, this ferrite should not
be removed. If the ferrite needs to be removed during installation
it must be reassembled in the same position.
Suppression ferrites
The following illustration shows t ypical cable suppression ferrites
used with Raymarine equipment. Always use the ferrites supplied by
Raymarine. This product has ferrites mounted internall y.
D3548-2
Figure 3: Typical suppression ferrites
Connections to other equipment
If your Raymarine equipment is to be connected to other equipment
using a cable not supplied by Raymarine, a suppression ferrite MUST
always be attached to the cable near to the Raymarine unit.
8 Linear Drive - Installation Guide
2. Mounting the drive
Mounting the drive unit involves four main step s:
• ensuring correct drive alignment
• securing the drive to the boat
• connecting the drive to the steering system
• completing a steering check
Drive alignment
When mounting the linear drive unit, check that it is aligned
correctly:
• The main drive assembly must be at right angles to the mounting
surface (see Figure 4).
• The drive unit must be at right angles to the tiller arm when the
rudder is amidships (see Figure 4).
Side view
90º
A (mid stroke)
Drive A (mid stroke) B (tiller arm radius)
Type 1 700 mm (27.5 in) 250 mm (10 in)
Type 2 short 700 mm (27.5 in) 250 mm (10 in)
Type 2 long 850 mm (33.5 in) 355 mm (14 in)
Top view
90º
B (tiller arm
radius)
D5077-1
Figure 4: Drive unit alignment
• The push rod must be accurately aligned with the tiller arm plane
of rotation. The ball end fitting only allows up to 5 degrees
misalignment between the push rod and tiller arm plane of
rotation (see Figure 5).
CAUTION:
Accurate angular alignment is extremely important. Y ou must
not exceed this +/- 5 degree limit under any circumstances.
Linear Drive - Installation Guide 9
5º Max.
5º Max.
D5078-1
Figure 5: Alignment between push rod and tiller arm plane of rotation
Securing the drive
Mounting location
Before you secure the drive to your boat, you must fi rst check the
suitability of the mounting location.
CAUTION:
Consult the boat manufactur er if you have any doubt about the
strength or suitability of the mounti ng location.
• Structural strength:
• This drive produces a considerable amount of force, so you
must mount it on a solid structure (i.e. a substantial frame
member) in the boat. In some cases you may need to build a
special frame to mount the drive unit.
• T o prevent excess noise and vibration, do not attach this drive
to any structures that support cabins.
• Drive orientation:
• Y ou can attach the drive unit mounting foot to any suitable
horizontal or vertical surface. If required, you can also mount
the drive unit upside down.
• General position:
• Refer to the EMC installation guidelines (page 6)
• Make sure the drive will be accessible for future servicing.
• Environment:
• This drive is not waterproof, so you sho uld mount it in a dry
location, clear of any bilge water.
10 Linear Drive - Installation Guide
Securing bolts
Attach the mounting foot with four stainless steel M10 (
3
/
inch) bolts
8
and lock nuts/lock washers.
Note: Always mount the drive as securely as possible to make sure it
performs reliably and remains correctly aligned.
Connecting to the steering system
CAUTION:
Consult the steering gear manufacturer if you have any doubt
about the strength of the existing tiller arm or rudder quadrant.
This drive produces a considerable amount of force, so you must
ensure that your tiller arm or rudder quadrant can cope with the peak
thrust specified in the T able 1, Drive specifications.
Use one of these methods to attach the push rod to the rudder stock:
1. Independent tiller arm: we recommend that you attach the
linear drive unit to the rudder stock via an independent tiller arm
(the Edson and Whitlock companies offer standard fittings for
their steering systems).
2. Steering linkage tiller arm or rudder quadrant: in certain
cases, you may be able to attach the push rod to the same tiller arm
or rudder quadrant used by the main steering linkage. C onsult the
steering manufacturer before you modify the rudder quadrant.
Attaching the rod end
Use the supplied tiller pin assembly to attach the rod end to the tiller
arm, at the tiller arm radius shown in Figure 4.
1. Attach the tiller pin to the tiller arm:
• insert the tiller pin through the tiller arm hole, so the flange
remains above the arm (see Figure 6)
• make sure that the tiller pin is a tight fit in the tiller arm
• use the supplied lock washer and fully tighten the lock nut
Note: If necessary, you will need to drill a 13 mm (0.52 in) hole in the
tiller arm at the radius shown in Figure 4.
2. Attach the rod end to the tiller pin:
• place the rod end onto the tiller pin
• secure with the supplied washer and R-clip (see Figure 6)
Linear Drive - Installation Guide 11
R-clip
Washer
Rod end
Flange
Tiller arm
Lock
washer
Hole diameter
13 mm (0.52 in)
Lock nut
Tiller pin
D5076-1
Figure 6: Attaching the push rod to the tiller arm
Steering check
When you have mounted the drive unit, turn the boat’s s teering wheel
from hardover to hardover and check that:
• Angular movement of the ball end fitting is less than 5 degrees
(see Figure 5). If you exceed this 5 degree limit, the drive will
catch on the tiller arm/rudder quadrant and th e ball joint will bind.
• No part of the drive unit fouls the boat’s structure when the push
rod moves in and out.
• The total rudder movement is limited to +/- 35 degrees by the
steering system end stops rather than the linear drive’s end limits
(see Figure 7).
Steering system
end stop
Steering system
end stop
35º35º
D5079-1
Figure 7: Total rudder movement
CAUTION:
Make sure rudder movement is limited by the steering system
end stops before the push rod reaches its end stop. Failure to do
this could damage the drive and will invalidate the warranty.
12 Linear Drive - Installation Guide
WARNING:
Keep clear of moving steering systems at all times. Protect
moving parts from access during normal use.
3. Connecting to the course computer
WARNING: Electrical safety
Make sure the power supply is switched off befor e you make any
electrical connections.
The linear drive unit has electrical connections for:
• the drive motor: two single-core cables: red and black
• the clutch: a two-core cable with red (+) and blue (-) cores
Follow these steps to connect the linear drive to the course computer:
1. Measure the distance of cable run from the drive unit to the course
computer:
• use Table 2 to identify the appropriate motor cable size
• use at le ast 1.5 mm
2. Join these cables to the drive cables using appropriate electrical
connectors or junction boxes at the correct power rating.
3. Route the cables back to the course computer, taking into account
the EMC installation guidelines (see page 6).
4. Connect the cables to the course computer (see Figure 8):
CLUTCH cable: red core to +ve, blue core to -ve
•
•
MOTOR cables: at this stage you can connect either motor
cable to either terminal. Y ou will check these connections
after installing the rest of the autopilot system.
2
(16 A WG) copper cable for the clutch
Linear Drive - Installation Guide 13
+–
A
OFF
SWITCH
B
MOTORPOWER
–
–
–
SOLENOID CLUTCH
+
+–+–
lk CLUTCH MOTORPOWER
1
2
Type 150/400 course computer
Type 100/300 course computer
Figure 8: Cable connections at course computer
Table 2: Recommended cable sizes
Cable length
(drive unit to course computer)
Type 1 drive
up to 3 m (1 0ft)
up to 5 m (1 6ft)
up to 7 m (2 3ft)
up to 10m (32ft)
up to 16m (52ft)
Type 2 drive 12 V (short/long)
up to 5 m (1 6ft)
up to 7 m (2 3ft)
up to 16m (52ft)
Type 2 drive 24 V (short/long)
up to 3 m (1 0ft)
up to 5 m (1 6ft)
up to 10m (32ft)
up to 16m (52ft)
Cable gauge
(AWG)
14
12
10
8
6
10
8
6
12
10
8
6
Copper area
2
)
(mm
2.5
4
6
10
16
6
10
16
4
6
10
16
D5080-1
14 Linear Drive - Installation Guide
4. Post installation checklist
Check the following points after installing the dri ve:
1. Is the mounting foot secured to a substantial str ucture on the boat?
2. Is the drive unit correctly aligned, i.e:
• Is the mounting foot correctly oriented?
• Is the drive mounted at right angles to the tiller arm, in a mid-
stroke position, when the rudder is amidships?
• Is the push rod accurately aligned with the tiller arm plane of
rotation (less than 5 degrees variation)?
3. Is the linear drive rod end:
• securely attached to the tiller arm or quadrant?
• attached at the recommended tiller arm radius for the boat?
4. Are the motor and clutch cables correctly routed and securely
connected to the course computer?
5. Have you completed a hand-steering check (see page 11)?
Note: W hen you have installed the entire autopilot system, you wil l
need to complete an autopilot steering check. Refer to the control unit
handbook for more details.
Maintenance
On a regular basis:
• check all connections and mountings are secure
• check drive alignment
• check cables for signs of wear or damage
Note: If this drive is used heavily, we recommend that it is serviced
every two years by a Raymarine Authorized Service Representative.
EMC servicing and safety guidelines
• Raymarine equipment should be serviced only by authorized
Raymarine service technicians. They will ensure that service
procedures and replacement parts used will not affect
performance. There are no user serviceable parts in any
Raymarine product.
• Some products generate high voltages, so never handle the
cables/connectors when power is being supplied to the
equipment.
Linear Drive - Installation Guide 15
• When powered up, all electrical equipment produces
electromagnetic fields. These can cause adjacent pieces of
electrical equipment to interact with one another, with a
consequent adverse effect on operation. In order to minimize
these effects and enable you to get the best possi ble performance
from your Raymarine equipment, guidelines are given in the
installation instructions, to enable you to ens ure minimum
interaction between different items of equipment, i.e. ensure
optimum Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC).
• Always report any EMC-related problem to your nearest
Raymarine dealer. W e use such information to improve our
quality standards.
• In some installations, it may not be possi ble to prevent the
equipment from being affected by external influences. In general
this will not damage the equipment but it can lead to spurious
resetting action, or momentarily may result in faulty operation.
Product support
Raymarine products are supported by a worldwide network of
distributors and Authorized Service Representatives.
If you encounter any difficul ties with this product, please contact
either your national distributor , or your service representative, or the
Raymarine T echnical Services Call Center. Refer to the back cover
or the W orldwide Distributor List for contact deta ils.
16 Linear Drive - Installation Guide
Raymarine Ltd
Anchorage Park
Portsmouth, Hampshire
England PO3 5TD
Telephone +44 (0)23 9269 3611
Fax +44 (0)23 9269 4642
www.raymarine.com
Raymarine Inc
22 Cotton Road, Suite 280
Nashua
NH 03063-4219, USA
Telephone +1 603 881 5200
Fax +1 603 864 4756
www.raymarine.com
Raymarine Technical Services Call Center
UK: +44 (0)23 9271 4713 or
+44 (0)23 9269 3611 ext. 1083
USA: +1 603 881 5200 or
1-800-539-5539 ext. 2333
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