Puritan Bennett 700 User manual

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Part No. G-061875-00 Rev. B October 2009
M
anual Name:
700 Seri
Part Rev Date: G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
es Ventilator System Service Manua
700 Series
....................
Ventilator Systems
Service Manual
Service Manual
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Copyright Information
Copyright 2010 Nellcor Puritan Bennett, LLC. All rights reserved. The 740and 760Ventilator Systems are manufactured in accordance with Nellcor Puritan Bennett proprietary information, covered by one or more of the following U.S. Patents and foreign equivalents: 5,524,615; 5,540,222; 5,596,984; 5,632,270; 5,664,560; and 5,673,689.
The information contained in this manual is the sole property of Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. and may not be duplicated without permission. This manual may be revised or replaced by Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. at any time and without notice. You should ensure you have the most current applicable version of this manual; if in doubt, contact the Technical Communications Department of Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. or call Technical Support at 1.800.255.6774, or contact your product representative. While the information set forth herein is believed to be accurate, it is not a substitute for the exercise of professional judgment.
The ventilator should be operated and serviced only by trained professionals. Nellcor Puritan Bennett’s sole responsibility with respect to the ventilator, and its use, is as stated in the limited warranty provided.
Nothing in this manual shall limit or restrict in any way Nellcor Puritan Bennett’s right to revise or otherwise change or modify the equipment (including its software) described herein, without notice. In the absence of an express, written agreement to the contrary, Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. has no obligation to furnish any such revisions, changes, or modifications to the owner or user of the equipment (including its software) described herein.
Trademarks
Nellcor Puritan Bennett, PTS 2000, Breathlab, 700 Series, 740, and 760 are registered trademarks of Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc.
Addresses
Manufacturer
Nellcor Puritan Bennett Ireland
Mervue,
Galway,
Ireland
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Warning
Caution
Warning
Warning
Preface
This manual is intended to provide information needed to service the Nellcor Puritan Bennett 700 Series Ventilator Systems. It is intended for use by certified biomedical engineering technicians or personnel with equivalent experience and training in servicing this type of equipment. The user should complete the Nellcor Puritan Bennett training class geared specifically to the 740 or 760 Ventilator System.
While this manual covers the ventilator configurations currently supported by Nellcor Puritan Bennett, it may not be all-inclusive and may not be applicable to your ventilator. Within the USA, contact Nellcor Puritan Bennett at 1-(800)-635-5267 for questions about the applicability of the information.
Definitions
This manual uses three special indicators to convey information of a specific nature. They include:
Indicates a condition that can endanger the patient or the ventilator operator.
Indicates a condition that can damage the equipment.
NOTE:
Indicates points of particular emphasis that make operation of the ventilator more efficient or convenient.
Warnings, cautions, and notes
Please take the time to become familiar with the following, as they cover safety considerations, special handling requirements, and regulations that govern the use of the 700 Series Ventilator Systems.
To ensure proper servicing and avoid the possibility of physical injury, only qualified personnel should attempt to service or make authorized modifications to the ventilator.
The user of this product shall have sole responsibility for any ventilator malfunction due to operation or maintenance performed by anyone not trained by Nellcor Puritan Bennett staff.
To avoid an electrical shock hazard while servicing the ventilator, be sure to remove all power to the ventilator by disconnecting the power source and turning off all ventilator power switches.
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Warning
To avoid a fire hazard, keep matches, lighted cigarettes, and all other sources of
Warning
Warning
Caution
Caution
Caution
Caution
ignition (e.g., flammable anesthetics and/or heaters) away from the 700 Series Ventilator System and oxygen hoses.
Do not use oxygen hoses that are worn, frayed, or contaminated by combustible materials such as grease or oils. (Textiles, oils, and other combustibles are easily ignited and burn with great intensity in air enriched with oxygen.)
In case of fire or a burning smell, immediately disconnect the ventilator from the oxygen supply and electrical power source.
Patients on life-support equipment should be appropriately monitored by competent medical personnel and suitable monitoring devices.
The 700 Series Ventilator System is not intended to be a comprehensive monitoring device and does not activate alarms for all types of dangerous conditions for patients on life-support equipment.
An alternative source of ventilation should always be available when using the 700 Series Ventilator System.
For a thorough understanding of ventilator operations, be sure to read the 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual in its entirety before attempting to use the system.
Before activating any part of the ventilator, be sure to check the equipment for proper operation and, if appropriate, run the self-diagnostic programs described in Chapter 3.
Federal law (US) restricts the sale of this device to, or by the order of, any physician.
Check the ventilator periodically as outlined in the service manual; do not use if defective. Immediately replace parts that are broken, missing, obviously worn, distorted, or contaminated.
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Warranty
The 700 Series Ventilator System is warranted against defects in material and workmanship in accordance with Nellcor Puritan Bennett Medical Equipment Warranty for a period of one year from the time of sale. To ensure the validity of the warranty, be sure to keep a maintenance record.
Year of manufacture
The 700 Series Ventilator System’s year of manufacture is indicated by the fifth and sixth digits of the serial number located at the lower edge of the ventilator front panel.
Manufacturer
Nellcor Puritan Bennett Ireland Ltd. Mervue, Galway Ireland
Electromagnetic susceptibility
The 700 Series Ventilator System complies with the requirements of IEC 601-1-2 (EMC Collateral Standard), including the E-field susceptibility requirements at a level of 10 volts per meter, at frequencies from 26 MHz to 1 GHz, and the ESD requirements of this standard. However, even at this level of device immunity, certain transmitting devices (cellular phones, walkie-talkies, cordless phones, paging transmitters, etc.) emit radio frequencies that could interrupt ventilator operation if located in a range too close to the ventilator. It is difficult to determine when the field strength of these devices becomes excessive. Practitioners should be aware radio frequency emissions are additive, and the ventilator must be located a sufficient distance from transmitting devices to avoid interruption. Do not operate the ventilator in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environment. Chapter 7 describes possible ventilator alarms and what to do if they occur. Consult with your institution’s biomedical engineering department in case of interrupted ventilator operation, and before relocating any life support equipment.
Customer assistance
For further assistance contact your local Nellcor Puritan Bennett representative.
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Symbols and labels
SN
IPX1
These symbols and labels appear on the 700 Series Ventilator System:
Power switch positions per IEC 601-1. ”I” represents ON position; “O” represents OFF position.
Refer to manual per IEC 601-1. When this symbol appears on product, it means “Refer to documentation for information.”
Potential equalization point, per IEC 601-1
External battery connection
Circuit breaker
Serial number
ac current
Type B equipment, per IEC 601-1
Indicates the degree of protection provided by enclosure (drip-proof).
Signifies compliance with the Medical Device Directive, 2007/47/
EC.
CSA and NRTL (Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory)
certification, granted by CSA
The TUV Rheinland logo signifies TUV Rheinland Type Test approval to Annex III of the Medical Device Directive
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EXHAUST
!
TO
PATIENT
FROM
PATIENT
O
2
! 40 - 90 psi
(275 - 620 kPa)
Use 50 psi (345 kPa)
V
max
= 160 L/min
(at STPD)
WARNING:
AIR INTAKE - DO NOT OBSTRUCT. Filter located behind panel. Replace filter every 1,000 running hours or every 3 months, whichever occurs first. Consult operator’s manual for complete instructions.
!
CAUTION:
COOLING FAN- DO NOT OBSTRUCT. Filter located behind panel. Clean or replace filter as required every 250 running hours or every month, whichever occurs first. Consult operator’s manual for complete instructions.
!
WARNING:
This ventilator is not intended to be a comprehensive monitoring device: some types of dangerous conditions will not activate alarms. Patients on life-support equipment should be appropriately monitored by competent medical personnel and suitable monitoring devices.
WAR NING:
Before use, read operator’s manual thoroughly. Before each use, check equipment for proper operation.
!
!
Exhaust port connector
Inspiratory limb connector
Expiratory limb connector
Oxygen inlet port label
Air intake label
Cooling fan label
General life support equipment warning label
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Back panel label (740)
7-00311
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7-00312
Back panel label (760)
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This page is intentionally blank.
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Contents
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1 General information
1.1 How to use this manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.2 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.3 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
1.4 Configuration information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
1.5 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
1.6 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
1.7 Manufacturer’s Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
1.8 Tools, equipment, and service materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
1.9 Periodic maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
1.10 Service kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
1.11 Controls and indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
1.11.1 Ventilator Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23
1.11.2 Patient Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29
1.11.3 Ventilator Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-34
1.12 Location of ventilator serial number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-35
1.13 Determining software revision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-35
1.14 Service philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-35
1.15 Reference documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-35
2 Theory of operation
2.1 Overview of ventilator operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.2 Pneumatic system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.2.1 Gas Inlet System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.2.1.1 Gas inlet system components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
2.2.1.2 System operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2.2.2 Piston/cylinder system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
2.2.2.1 Component descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
2.2.2.2 Operational description of piston/cylinder system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2.2.3 Inspiration manifold system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
2.2.3.1 Component descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
2.2.3.2 Operational description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
2.2.4 Patient system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
2.2.5 Exhalation system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
2.2.5.1 Component descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
2.2.5.2 Operational description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
2.2.6 PEEP/CPAP system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
2.2.6.1 Component descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
2.2.6.2 System operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
2.3 Electrical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
2.3.1 Power assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
2.3.1.1 Power input section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
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2.3.1.2 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
2.3.1.3 Battery backup (BBU) PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
2.3.1.4 Power supply fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
2.3.2 Internal battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
2.3.3 External battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
2.3.4 Pressure solenoid PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
2.3.5 Backup alarm driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
2.3.6 Controller PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
2.3.7 User interface (UI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
2.3.8 Miscellaneous electronic parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
2.3.8.1 Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
2.3.8.2 Piezo alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
2.3.8.3 Main fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
2.3.8.4 Air flow thermistor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
2.3.8.5 Air intake filter switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
2.4 Communications option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
2.5 Motor control and drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
2.6 Breath delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
2.6.1 Piston initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
2.6.2 Breath triggering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-69
2.6.3 Gas delivery to the patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-71
2.6.4 Exhalation and piston retraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73
2.6.4.1 Exhalation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73
2.6.4.2 Piston retraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73
2.6.4.3 Mandatory breathing with delivered volumes less than 250 ml . . . 2-74
2.7 Power source switchover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-79
2.8 Emergency modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81
2.8.1 Occlusion cycling mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81
2.8.2 Ventilator inoperative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82
2.8.2.1 When the VENT INOP condition is triggered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82
2.8.2.2 How the ventilator responds to a VENT INOP condition . . . . . . . . 2-82
2.8.2.3 How to clear the VENT INOP condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82
2.8.3 Safety valve open (SVO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83
3Self-tests
xii
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.2 Power-on self-test (POST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.2.1 Structure of POST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.2.2 Running POST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.2.3 How the ventilator responds to a POST error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.3 Short self-test (SST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3.4 Extended self-test (EST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3.4.1 When to run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3.4.2 Hardware requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
3.4.3 Running EST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
3.4.4 Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
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3.5 Ongoing checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
4 Service and utility functions
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.1.1 Accessing the service or utilities functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.1.2 Summary of functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4.1.3 Navigating the Service and Utilities menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4.1.4 About the test and alert logs and EST test results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
4.2 Service functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
4.2.1 Sensor data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
4.2.2 EST (Extended self-test) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
4.2.3 Diagnostics/Calib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
4.2.3.1 Enable serial port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
4.2.3.2 Run tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
4.2.3.3 Clear test log: Erasing the test log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
4.2.3.4 Clear alert log: Erasing the alert log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
4.2.3.5 Update constants: Manually inputting calibration constants
into NVRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
4.2.3.6 Review constants: Viewing calibration constants in NVRAM . . . . . . 4-23
4.2.3.7 Reset service data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23
4.2.4 Review alert log: Reading the alert log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25
4.2.5 Test data: Reading the test log or EST test results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25
4.2.5.1 Review test log: Reading the test log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
4.2.5.2 Review EST tests: Reading pass/fail status of EST tests . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
4.3 Utilities functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
4.3.1 Pressure format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
4.3.2 Date and time format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
5 Performance verification
5.1 When to run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.2 Tools, test equipment, and service materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5.3 Preliminary ventilator cleaning and inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
5.4 Preliminary ventilator setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
5.5 Preliminary pneumatic test equipment setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
5.6 Performance verification procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
5.6.1 Electrical safety test and power-on self-test (POST) (Test 1). . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
5.6.2 Rotary encoder test (Test 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5.6.3 Battery test (Test 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5.6.3.1 External/internal battery test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
5.6.3.2 Internal battery test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
5.6.4 Backup alarm test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
5.6.5 Supply voltage test (Test 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
5.6.6 Gas volume accuracy, breath timing, and PEEP system test
(Test 5), using the PTS 2000 and Breathlab software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
5.6.7 Extended self-test (EST) (Test 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
5.6.8 Oxygen accuracy test (Test 7) using the PTS 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
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5.6.9 High pressure alarm test (Test 8) using the PTS 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
5.6.10 Safety valve test (Test 9). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
5.7 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20
6 Diagnostic codes
6.1 How to use this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.2 About software errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.3 About ventilator status (13000 series) codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
6.4 List of codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
6.4.1 Error code 1101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
6.4.2 Error code 06027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
6.4.3 Error code 09169 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
7 Alarm messages
7.1 Alarm classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7.2 Responding to alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
8 Service and repair
8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
8.1.1 How to use this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
8.1.2 General repair safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
8.1.3 General repair guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
8.1.4 Repair-related cleaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
8.1.5 Electrical cables and pneumatic tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
8.1.6 Adhesive use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
8.1.7 Electrostatic discharge control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
8.1.7.1 General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
8.1.7.2 Procedures and precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
8.1.8 Repainting and touch-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
8.1.9 Replacement part ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
8.1.10 Post-repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
8.2 Patient system and accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
8.3 Cart assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
8.3.1 Installing ventilator cart appearance kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
8.3.2 Removing/installing ventilator from/to cart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
8.3.3 Removing/installing oxygen cylinder brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
8.3.4 Removing/installing cylinder covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
8.3.5 Removing/installing collector vial support bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
8.3.6 Removing/installing humidifier support bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
8.3.6.1 Fisher & Paykel humidifier support bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
8.3.6.2 Hudson RCI humidifier support bracket assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
8.3.7 Removing/installing basket. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
8.3.8 Removing/installing external battery and cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
8.4 Shelf mount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
8.4.1 Removing/installing ventilator from/to shelf mount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
8.4.2 Removing/installing collector vial support bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
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8.4.3 Removing/installing humidifier support bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
8.5 User interface (UI) assembly (lid) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
8.5.1 Opening and propping lid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
8.5.2 Removing/installing lid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
8.5.3 Knob and rotary encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
8.5.4 UI display PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18
8.5.5 LCD panel (message window) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
8.5.6 Keyboard assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20
8.6 Ventilator head cabinet assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
8.6.1 Oxygen adapter assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
8.6.2 Options panel plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22
8.6.3 Communications option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
8.6.3.1 Remote alarm harness and connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24
8.6.3.2 Nebulizer harness and connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25
8.6.3.3 Nurse call (central station) harness and connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25
8.6.3.4 Serial (RS-232) port hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
8.6.3.5 Communications option PCB assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
8.6.3.6 Communications option plate assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27
8.6.3.7 Communications option ribbon cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27
8.6.4 Air intake cover and filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-28
8.6.5 Air flow thermistor assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
8.6.6 Oxygen fitting, inspiration access panel, and air intake
manifold assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
8.6.7 Air intake filter switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
8.6.8 Flex arm mounting block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
8.6.9 Removing/installing cabinet assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
8.7 Oxygen regulator, oxygen solenoid, mixing manifold, and cylinder
inlet check valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-33
8.7.1 Removing oxygen regulator, oxygen solenoid, mixing manifold, and
cylinder inlet check valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
8.7.2 Installing oxygen regulator, oxygen solenoid assembly,
mixing manifold, and cylinder inlet check valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-36
8.7.3 Oxygen regulator pressure transducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-37
8.8 Inspiration manifold assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
8.8.1 Oxygen sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
8.8.2 Inspiration manifold thermistor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
8.8.3 Safety valve assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
8.8.4 Removing/installing inspiration manifold assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
8.9 Exhalation assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-42
8.9.1 Exhalation assembly cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-42
8.9.2 Exhalation heater and thermistor assemblies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-43
8.9.2.1 Removing exhalation heater and thermistor assemblies . . . . . . . . . 8-43
8.9.2.2 Installing exhalation heater and thermistor assemblies . . . . . . . . . . 8-44
8.9.3 Exhalation assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-45
8.9.4 Exhalation check valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46
8.9.5 Exhalation valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-47
8.9.6 Exhalation flow sensor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-47
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8.10 Cable management bar, PCBs, speaker, and piezo alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-48
8.10.1 Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-48
8.10.2 Piezo alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-49
8.10.3 Pressure solenoid PCB and controller PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-49
8.10.3.1 Removing/installing pressure solenoid PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-49
8.10.3.2 Removing/installing backup alarm PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-50
8.10.3.3 Determine PSOL PCB revision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-50
8.10.3.4 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-51
8.10.3.5 Removing/installing controller PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-53
8.10.3.6 Removing/installing software EPROMs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-53
8.10.3.7 Removing/installing NVRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-54
8.10.3.8 Updating NVRAM data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-55
8.10.4 Cylinder and exhalation pressure transducer autozero solenoids . . . . 8-57
8.10.5 Cable management bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-57
8.11 PEEP pump and reservoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-58
8.11.1 PEEP pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-58
8.11.2 PEEP reservoir and filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-58
8.11.3 Exhalation solenoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-59
8.12 Piston/cylinder and motor/encoder assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-60
8.12.1 Optoswitches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-60
8.12.2 Removing/installing piston/cylinder and motor/encoder assemblies. . 8-61
8.12.3 Greasing rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-62
8.12.4 Meshing motor pinion gear with rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-62
8.13 Ventilator rear components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-67
8.13.1 Main fan and filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-67
8.13.2 Internal battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-67
8.14 Power assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-69
8.14.1 Power cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-69
8.14.2 Removing power assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-69
8.14.3 Line filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-70
8.14.4 Circuit breaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-71
8.14.5 Power switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-71
8.14.6 External battery harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-72
8.14.7 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-73
8.14.8 Power supply fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-77
8.14.9 BBU PCB and heatsink bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-78
8.14.9.1 Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-79
8.15 Harnesses and wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-79
8.15.1 Main ventilator head harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-79
9Parts list
xvi
9.1 How to use this parts list. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
9.2 700 Series Ventilator System patient system and accessories parts list . . . . . . 9-3
9.3 Oxygen hose assemblies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
9.4 Flex arm assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
9.5 Ventilator major assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
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9.6 Cart assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12
9.7 Shelf mounting kit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-18
9.8 User interface (UI) assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20
9.9 Ventilator head assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-23
9.10 Oxygen hose adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-31
9.11 Label kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-33
9.12 Inspiration manifold assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-35
9.13 Oxygen regulator and oxygen solenoid assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
9.14 Exhalation assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-39
9.15 Cable management bar, PCBs, speaker, and piezo alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-42
9.16 PEEP pump and reservoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-47
9.17 Piston/cylinder and motor/encoder assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-49
9.18 Ventilator rear components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-53
9.19 Power assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-55
9.20 Power cords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-61
9.21 Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-63
9.22 Harnesses and wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-65
9.23 15,000-hour preventive maintenance kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-68
9.24 30,000-hour preventive maintenance kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-69
9.25 Oxygen sensor assemblies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-70
9.26 Communications option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-70
9.27 760 Ventilator assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-70
A Alphabetic part index
B Numeric parts index
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xviii
Page 19
.
Figures
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Figure 1-1. 700 Series Ventilator System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Figure 1-2. Controls and indicators on 740 Ventilator keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
Figure 1-3. Controls and indicators on 760 Ventilator keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
Figure 2-1. 700 Series Ventilator System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Figure 2-2. Pneumatic system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Figure 2-3. Gas inlet system pneumatic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Figure 2-4. Gas inlet system (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Figure 2-5. Gas inlet system components (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Figure 2-6. Piston/cylinder system pneumatic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Figure 2-7. Piston/cylinder system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Figure 2-8. Piston/cylinder system components (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Figure 2-9. Motor/encoder pinion gear and rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Figure 2-10. Operation of optical encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Figure 2-11. Inspiration manifold system pneumatic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Figure 2-12. Inspiration manifold system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
Figure 2-13. Inspiration manifold system components (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
Figure 2-14. Patient system pneumatic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
Figure 2-15. Patient system components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
Figure 2-16. Exhalation system pneumatic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
Figure 2-17. Exhalation system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
Figure 2-18. Exhalation system components (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
Figure 2-19. PEEP/CPAP system pneumatic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
Figure 2-20. PEEP/CPAP system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
Figure 2-21. PEEP/CPAP system components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
Figure 2-22. Main ventilator head harness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
Figure 2-23. 700 Series Ventilator System block diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
Figure 2-24. Wiring diagram (1 of 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37
Figure 2-25. Power assembly (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
Figure 2-26. Power assembly harnesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
Figure 2-27. Power supply/ventilator head harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
Figure 2-28. Power input components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
Figure 2-29. Power supply with harnesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
Figure 2-30. BBU PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
Figure 2-31. BBU PCB and fan installed in power assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
Figure 2-32. Power supply fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
Figure 2-33. Internal battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
Figure 2-34. Internal battery and main fan installed in ventilator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
Figure 2-35. External battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
Figure 2-36. Pressure solenoid PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
Figure 2-37. Pressure solenoid and controller PCBs installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
Figure 2-38. Controller PCB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
Figure 2-39. EPROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
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Figure 2-40. User interface (UI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57
Figure 2-41. UI display PCB (740 shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58
Figure 2-42. 4-line x 20-character LCD panel (message window) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58
Figure 2-43. Keyboard assembly (740 shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
Figure 2-44. Rotary encoder with knob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
Figure 2-45. Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
Figure 2-46. Piezo alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
Figure 2-47. Speaker, piezo alarm, air flow thermistor assembly, and air
intake filter switch installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
Figure 2-48. Main fan with cover, filter, and guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
Figure 2-49. Air flow thermistor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
Figure 2-50. Air flow thermistor assembly installed on air intake manifold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
Figure 2-51. Air intake filter switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
Figure 2-52. Motor control and drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
Figure 2-53. Breath cycle for a VCV breath without PEEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
Figure 2-54. Breath cycle for a PCV breath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-67
Figure 2-55. Piston initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
Figure 2-56. Pneumatic diagram of breath triggering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70
Figure 2-57. Breath triggering and breath delivery parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-71
Figure 2-58. Pneumatic diagram of gas delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72
Figure 2-59. Pneumatic diagram of exhalation and piston retraction (low-flow
oxygen solenoid energized)2-75
Figure 2-60. Exhalation and piston retraction parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-76
Figure 2-61. Air and oxygen flow during retraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77
Figure 2-62. Piston movement for volumes <250 ml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-78
Figure 2-63. Power source switchover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80
Figure 2-64. Safety valve open pneumatic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84
Figure 4-1. Navigating the Service and Utilities menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Figure 4-3. Oxygen regulator pressure transducer calibration setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Figure 4-4. PEEP pump calibration setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14
Figure 4-5. P
Figure 4-6. Adjusting oxygen regulator pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21
Figure 4-7. Test and alert log format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25
Figure 5-1. Power supply/reference voltage test connector J2 on pressure solenoid PCB . . . . . . 5-9
Figure 5-2. PTS 2000 Setup for Test 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Figure 8-1. Removing ventilator attachment screws from cart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7
Figure 8-2. Removing ventilator from cart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
Figure 8-3. Removing oxygen cylinder brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
Figure 8-4. Removing collector vial and Fisher & Paykel Humidifier support brackets from cart 8-10
Figure 8-5. Removing Hudson RCI humidifier bracket assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Figure 8-6. Removing basket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Figure 8-7. Removing external battery cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
Figure 8-8. Removing collector vial and humidifier support brackets from shelf mount . . . . . . 8-13
Figure 8-9. Removing shelf mount from ventilator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
Figure 8-10. Lid raised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Figure 8-11. Propping the lid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
gain equalization setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
e Pcyl
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Figure 8-12. UI removed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18
Figure 8-13. Removing LCD panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
Figure 8-14. Spacers on keyboard assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20
Figure 8-15. Oxygen adapter assemblies disassembled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
Figure 8-16. Options panel plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22
Figure 8-17. 700 Series Communications option panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
Figure 8-18. Removing Communications option assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24
Figure 8-19. Disassembling Communications option assembly
(remote alarm, nebulizer, nurse call, and serial port hardware) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25
Figure 8-20. Removing harnesses/connectors from
Communications option assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
Figure 8-21. Removing the Communications option
PCB assembly from the option plate assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27
Figure 8-22. Inspiration access panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-28
Figure 8-23. Air flow thermistor assembly installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
Figure 8-24. Inspiration access panel removed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-30
Figure 8-25. Air intake manifold assembly disassembled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-31
Figure 8-26. Flex arm mounting block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
Figure 8-27. Removing oxygen regulator/oxygen solenoid assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
Figure 8-28. Separating the oxygen solenoid assembly from the oxygen regulator . . . . . . . . . . . 8-35
Figure 8-29. Cylinder check valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-36
Figure 8-30. Oxygen regulator pressure transducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
Figure 8-31. Inspiration manifold assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-39
Figure 8-32. Oxygen sensor with and without adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-39
Figure 8-33. Removing inspiration manifold assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-41
Figure 8-34. Exhalation assembly cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-42
Figure 8-35. Exhalation assembly installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-43
Figure 8-36. Exhalation heater and thermistor assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-44
Figure 8-37. Threading thermistor through flow sensor heater clip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-45
Figure 8-38. Exhalation assembly, speaker, and piezo alarm mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46
Figure 8-39. Exhalation check valve in position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-47
Figure 8-40. Cable management bar, PCBs, speaker, and piezo alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-48
Figure 8-41. Pressure solenoid PCB tube connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-52
Figure 8-42. Controller PCB component locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-54
Figure 8-43. Removing and installing EPROMs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-56
Figure 8-44. PEEP pump and reservoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-59
Figure 8-45. Piston/cylinder assembly installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-60
Figure 8-46. Greasing rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-62
Figure 8-47. Gear mesh procedure: Pushing rack to end stop at delivered end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-63
Figure 8-48. Gear mesh procedure: Positioning motor encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-64
Figure 8-49. Gear mesh procedure: Fasteners installed but not locked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-64
Figure 8-50. Gear mesh procedure: Tightening screws to slightly compress spring washers . . . . 8-65
Figure 8-51. Gear mesh procedure: Pushing rack from end to end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-66
Figure 8-52. Ventilator rear components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-68
Figure 8-53. Power assembly pulled out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 8-54. Line filter, circuit breaker, and power switch connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-70
Figure 8-55. Power supply input terminal connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-71
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-70
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Figure 8-56. External battery connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-72
Figure 8-57. Power supply output terminal connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-73
Figure 8-58. Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-74
Figure 8-59. Power assembly removed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-75
Figure 8-60. Power supply baffle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-76
Figure 8-61. BBU PCB and power supply fan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-77
Figure 8-62. Heatsink bars and conductive strips on BBU PCB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-78
Figure 8-63. BBU PCB attaching hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-79
Figure 8-64. Main ventilator head harness installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-80
Figure 8-65. Main ventilator head harness connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-80
Figure 9-1. 700 Series Ventilator System (on older style cart) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Figure 9-2. Oxygen hose assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
Figure 9-3. Flex arm assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
Figure 9-4. Ventilator major assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11
Figure 9-5. Cart assembly (Sheet 1 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15
Figure 9-6. Shelf mounting kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-19
Figure 9-7. User interface (UI) assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-22
Figure 9-8. Ventilator head assembly (Sheet 1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-27
Figure 9-9. Oxygen hose adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-32
Figure 9-10. Label kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-34
Figure 9-11. Inspiration manifold assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-36
Figure 9-12. Oxygen regulator and oxygen solenoid assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-38
Figure 9-13. Exhalation assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-40
Figure 9-14. Cable management bar, PCBs, speaker, and piezo alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-44
Figure 9-15. Controller PCB component locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-45
Figure 9-16. Pressure solenoid PCB component locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-45
Figure 9-17. PEEP pump and reservoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-48
Figure 9-18. Piston/cylinder and motor/encoder assemblies (Sheet 1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-50
Figure 9-19. Ventilator rear components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-54
Figure 9-20. Power assembly (Sheet 1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-58
Figure 9-21. BBU PCB component locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-60
Figure 9-22. Power cords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-62
Figure 9-23. Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-64
Figure 9-24. Wiring diagram (Sheet 1 of 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-66
Figure 9-25. 15,000-hour preventive maintenance kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-68
Figure 9-26. 30,000-hour preventive maintenance kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-69
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.
Tables
.......................................................................................
Table 1-1 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Table 1-2 Electromagnetic Emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Table 1-3 Electromagnetic Immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Table 1-4 Electromagnetic Immunity-conducted and radiated RF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Table 1-5 Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile
RF communications equipment and the 700 Series ventilator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
Table 1-6 Compliant cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
Table 1-7 Tools, equipment, and service materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
Table 1-8 Schedule of periodic maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
Table 1-9 Service kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
Table 1-10 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: VENTILATOR SETTINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
Table 1-11 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: PATIENT DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29
Table 1-12 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: VENTILATOR STATUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-34
Table 2-1 Pneumatic component data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Table 2-2 NVRAM contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
Table 2-3 Changes to current settings in occlusion cycling mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81
Table 2-4 Safety valve open causes and indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83
Table 3-1 Self-tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Table 3-2 POST routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Table 3-3 Hardware requirements for EST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Table 3-4 EST prompts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Table 3-5 Key functions during EST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Table 3-6 Prompts during EST testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Table 3-7 EST completion status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Table 3-8 EST tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Table 3-9 EST troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
Table 4-1 Service functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Table 4-2 Utilities menu functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Table 4-3 Pressure sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Table 4-4 Temperature sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Table 4-5 Battery/BBU sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Table 4-6 UI/HW sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Table 4-7 Pressure sol sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Table 4-8 Other data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Table 4-9 Performing calibrations/Updating NVRAM Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Table 5-1 When to run performance verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Table 5-2 Test equipment required for performance verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Table 5-3 Pressure solenoid PCB test connector (J2) voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Table 6-1 Diagnostic codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Table 7-1 How the ventilator responds to alarm conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Table 7-2 Alarm messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Table 8-1 External battery connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-72
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Table 9-1 Abbreviations used in parts list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Table 9-2 Acoustic enhancement upgrade kit, Level 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-29
Table 9-3 Exhalation isolation kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-41
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.
M
anual Name:
700 Seri
Warning
Part Rev Date: G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
es Ventilator System Service Manua
Chapter
General information 1
1
.......................................................................................
This chapter provides introductory information on the Nellcor Puritan Bennett 700 Series Ventilator System. It contains a description of the ventilator, including specifications, required tools and test equipment, schedule of maintenance, and controls and indicators.
1.1 How to use this manual
The 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual is intended to be used in conjunction with the 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual. Both parts are needed for field repair of the ventilator.
In several cases, however, similar information is contained in both manuals:
Refer to the “Maintenance” appendix of the Operator’s Manual for operator maintenance of filters and the patient system. Refer to the “Service and repair” chapter of the Service Manual for maintenance activities performed by the service technician.
Refer to the “Self-tests” chapter of the Operator’s Manual or this manual for instructions on running short self-test (SST) and extended self-test (EST). This manual also provides EST troubleshooting information for the qualified service technician.
1.2 Safety
•The “Part numbers” appendix of the Operator’s Manual contains ordering information for patient system parts. Refer to the “Parts list” chapter of the Service Manual for complete part ordering information.
• To prevent personal injury or death, do not attempt any ventilator service while a patient or other person is connected to the ventilator.
• To prevent disease transmission, use personal protective equipment when handling contaminated bacterial filters or other patient accessories. Use Cavicide to kill bloodborne pathogens, as required.
Ventilator maintenance may involve exposure to hazardous materials, equipment, and conditions such as: possible electrical shock; pressurized gas; transmittable diseases; and fire, which could result from an oxygen-enriched environment and easily ignitable material. Before servicing the 700 Series Ventilator System, be aware of possible hazards and necessary precautions to be taken.
Familiarize yourself with the warnings and cautions on the ventilator labels and in related publications, including this manual. Also familiarize yourself with any warnings and cautions associated with the service equipment and materials being used, as well as those posted in the facility where the ventilator is serviced.
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
1-1
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1 General information
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Use any applicable personal protective equipment and adhere to the applicable warnings and cautions.
Be aware of the safety standards and considerations specific to your situation. Safety standards may vary with international, federal, state, and local regulatory agencies. When in doubt, consult material safety data sheets; environmental, health, and safety professionals; and regulatory affairs specialists. In addition, many facilities and institutions may have their own special safety considerations.
Be sure the ventilator passes the performance verification (Chapter 5) before it is returned to operation after being serviced. The performance verification ensures the product’s safety in addition to its functional integrity.
1.3 General description
The 700 Series Ventilator System (including the 740 and 760 Ventilators) provides respiratory support for a wide range of pediatric to adult patients for a wide variety of clinical conditions. The ventilator’s mixing technique allows it to ventilate critically ill patients at adjustable oxygen concentrations without the need for a blender, compressor, or hospital-grade wall air.
The 700 Series Ventilator System can be mains or battery powered. Each ventilator includes two microcontrollers: one for breath delivery (which controls ventilation), and one for the user interface (which monitors ventilator and patient data). Each microcontroller verifies that the other is functioning properly. Using two independent microcontrollers in this fashion prevents a single fault from causing a simultaneous failure of controlling and monitoring functions.
The 700 Series Ventilator System supplies mandatory or spontaneous breaths with a piston-based pneumatic system. Mandatory breaths can be volume control ventilation (VCV, available on 740 and 760 Ventilators) or pressure control ventilation (PCV, available on the 760 Ventilator only). VCV delivers breaths to the patient at a preset tidal volume, peak flow, waveform, and oxygen concentration at a minimum respiratory rate. PCV delivers breaths to the patient at a preset inspiratory pressure, I:E ratio or inspiratory time, rise time factor (how quickly inspiratory pressure rises to achieve the set inspiratory pressure), and oxygen concentration at a minimum respiratory rate. A spontaneous breath allows the patient inspiratory flows of up to 300 L/min, with or without pressure support ventilation (PSV). On the 760 Ventila tor, you can set the rise time factor and exhalation flow sensitivity (that is, the point at which the ventilator cycles from inspiration to exhalation) in PSV.
The ventilator begins apnea ventilation if no patient- or operator-initiated breath is delivered within the operator-selected apnea interval. Apnea ventilation is available in all modes (for ventilators equipped with software Rev. J or later). On the 740 Ventilator, only VCV breaths are available in apnea ventilation. On the 760 Ventilator, VCV or PCV breaths are available in apnea ventilation.
1-2
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
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General information 1
760 Ventilator System
740 Ventilator System
740 Ventilator
760 Ventilator
.......................................................................................
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 1-1. 700 Series Ventilator System
1-3
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1 General information
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1.4 Configuration information
The 700 Series Ventilator System is available in a variety of versions, intended to meet differing needs and regulations throughout the world. The major differences in configuration among ventilators are listed below:
Language. Keyboard (user interface) and other ventilator labeling available in assorted languages.
Electrical requirements. Available in 110 V and 230 V.
Power cord. A variety of plug ends available.
Oxygen fitting and hose. Available in DISS (diameter index safety standard) male and female, NIST (non-interchangeable screw thread), Australian type, Air Liquide, and Dräger.
Mounting. Cart or shelf mount available.
Accessories. Ventilators may have the accessories listed in Section 1.5.
1.5 Accessories
The following accessories are either required or can be used with the ventilator.
Ventilator breathing circuit. A variety of reusable Nellcor Puritan Bennett circuits, adult and pediatric, with and without water traps, and with and without heated wire, is available. Contact your Nellcor Puritan Bennett representative. In addition, other breathing circuits may be used with the ventilator, provided they ensure that the ventilator breathing system meets the specifications stated in Table 1-1 (see Results of ventilator breathing system testing).
Humidification device. The 700 Series Ventilator supports use of an optional humidification device, including a heated humidifier, heat and moisture exchanger (HME), or heated wire. A Fisher & Paykel MR730 Humidifier is available for the ventilator. Mounting brackets are available for the Fisher & Paykel humidifiers and the Hudson RCI ConchaTherm Humidifier.
1.6 Specifications
Ventilator specifications are listed in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1 Specifications
Physical characteristics
Weight Ventilator only: 30 kg (66 lb)
Cart only: 18 kg (40 lb) External battery: 12.75 kg (28 lb)
Dimensions Ventilator only: 378 mm high x 515 mm wide x 370 mm deep
(14.9 in. high x 20.3 in. wide x in. 14.6 in. deep) Ventilator and cart: 1255 mm high x 515 mm wide x 370 mm deep
(49.4 in. high x 20.3 in. wide x 14.6 in. deep)
Environmental requirements
Temperature Operating: 5 to 45C (41 to 113F) at 10 to 95% relative humidity
Storage: -40 to 60C (-40 to 140F) at 10 to 95% relative humidity
Atmospheric pressure Operating: 8.7 to 16.0 psi (600 to 1100 hPa)
Storage: 7.3 to 16.0 psi (500 to 1100 hPa)
1-4
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General information 1
Warning
.......................................................................................
Table 1-1 Specifications (continued)
Altitude Operating: Up to 4570 m (15,000 ft)
Storage: Up to 15,240 m (50,000 ft)
Storage Maintain under conditions listed above. Remove batteries from ventilator before
storage. See “Electrical specifications, Battery shelf life when charge is not maintained” for battery life details.
Pneumatic specifications
Oxygen inlet supply Pressure: 40 to 90 psi (275 to 620 kPa)
Flow: Maximum of 160 L/min at standard temperature and pressure, dry (STPD) Fitting type: DISS male, DISS female, NIST, Air Liquide, Australian type, or Dräger
(depending on country and configuration) Oxygen regulator bleed: Up to 3 L/min
Due to excessive restriction of the Air Liquide, Australian, and Dräger hose assemblies, reduced FIO psi (345 kPa) are employed. Make sure oxygen inlet pressure is 50 psi (345 kPa) when using these hose assemblies, to maintain correct FIO
Connectors Inspiratory limb connector: ISO 22-mm conical male
Expiratory limb connector: ISO 22-mm conical female Gas exhaust port: ISO 30-mm conical
Gas mixing system Range of delivery to the patient: Up to 300 L/min for pressure support ventilation
(PSV) spontaneous breaths or pressure control ventilation (PCV) mandatory breaths; 3 to 150 L/min for mandatory or assisted volume control ventilation (VCV) breaths.
Leakage from one gas system to another: Not applicable (no high-pressure air source)
Design pressure: 50 psi (345 kPa) Operating pressure range: 40 to 90 psi (275 to 620 kPa)
Maximum limited pressure
Maximum ventilating pressure
92 cmH2O (92 hPa) A dedicated backup circuit opens the safety valve if system pressure exceeds
115 cmH
89 cmH breaths (including PEEP), ensured by HIGH PRESSURE limit.
O (113 hPa).
2
O (89 hPa) for VCV breaths or 80 cmH2O (80 hPa) for PSV breaths and PCV
2
levels may result when oxygen inlet pressures< 50
2
levels.
2
1-5
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1 General information
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Table 1-1 Specifications (continued)
Results of ventilator breathing system testing (using circuits identified for use with 700 Series Ventilator)
Resistance ranges:
Adult circuits: Inspiratory resistance at 60 L/min: 4.8 to 5.7 cmH
2.0 cmH2O maximum at 0 cmH2O CPAP. Expiratory resistance at 60 L/min: 1.6 to 2.2 cmH
4.6 cmH Pediatric circuits: Inspiratory resistance at 30 L/min: 1.7 to 3.0 cmH2O (ventilator powered off),
2.8 cmH2O maximum at 0 cmH2O CPAP. Expiratory resistance at 30 L/min: 0.8 to 1.0 cmH
2.7 cmH2O maximum at 0 cmH2O CPAP.
O maximum at 0 cmH2O CPAP.
2
O (ventilator powered off),
2
O (ventilator powered off),
2
O (ventilator powered off),
2
NOTE:
The circuits identified for use with the 700 Series Ventilator ensure that the ventilator breathing system does not exceed the EN 794-1 values for maximum resistance (both inspiratory and expiratory), which are as follows: Adult: 60 L/min, 6 hPa (6 cmH
Compliance range of recommended breathing circuits: 2.40 to 3.33 ml/cmH2O Internal volume: Not applicable. The 700 Series Ventilator automatically adjusts for
volume losses due to gas compressibility (that is, automatic compliance compensation), subject to a maximum delivered volume of 2.5 L.
O); Pediatric: 30 L/min, 6 hPa (6 cmH2O).
2
NOTE:
• To ensure that compliance compensation functions correctly, the user must run SST or EST with the circuit configured as intended for use on the patient.
• Ventilator breathing circuit testing specifications are based on the recommended configurations shown in the Operator’s Manual.
.
Electrical specifications
Power supply Input range: 100 to 120 V AC nominal (110 V units), 220 to 240 V AC nominal
(230 V units), 50/60 Hz, 2.9 A (110 V units) or 1.3 A (230 V units), 290 VA Mains fuse: 10 A, 250 V, medium time lag, high (H) breaking capacity, 6 x 32 mm
(meets IEC and CSA standards). (A circuit breaker in the power assembly opens when current draw exceeds 4 A.)
Earth leakage current At 100 to 120 V AC operation: less than 300 A
At 220 to 240 V AC operation: less than 500 A (Includes ventilator, power cord, and internal and external batteries)
Enclosure leakage current Less than 50 A in normal condition (all units)
Less than 300 A in single fault condition at 100-120 V AC operation Less than 500 A in single fault condition at 220-240 V AC operation
Ground resistance < 0.1 (excluding power cord); < 0.2 (including power cord)
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General information 1
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Table 1-1 Specifications (continued)
Internal battery 24 V DC, 7 Ah
Operating time (for a new, fully charged battery at 20C and sea level):
• Approximately 2.5 hours under nominal conditions (nominal conditions: tidal volume 0.6 L, respiratory rate 15/min, PEEP/CPAP 5 cmH 30 cmH
• Approximately 2 hours under extreme conditions (extreme conditions: tidal volume 1.2 L, respiratory rate 15/min, PEEP/CPAP 15 cmH average peak pressure 64 cmH
Recharge time: 2.5 to 3 hours in ventilator Charges automatically while ventilator is connected to AC power and power switch
is on (including standby mode) Charge level indicated on user interface
External battery 24 V DC, 17 Ah
Operating time (for a new, fully charged battery at 20C and sea level):
• Approximately 7 hours under nominal conditions (See internal battery for definition of nominal conditions.)
• Approximately 5.5 hours under extreme conditions (See internal battery for definition of extreme conditions.)
Recharge time: 7.5 to 8 hours in ventilator (3 to 4 hours using optional battery charger)
Charges automatically while ventilator is connected to AC power and the power switch is on (including standby mode)
Battery charge levels available under Battery info menu function
Battery shelf life when charge is not maintained
Ideally internal and external batteries should be stored in a cool, dry place. If the batteries are stored without maintaining charge, typical shelf life is as follows:
• At 0 to 20C (32 to 68F): 12 months
• At 21 to 30C (69 to 86F): 9 months
• At 31 to 40C (87 to 104F): 5 months
• At 41 to 50C (105 to 122F): 2.5 months
O, average mean pressure 8 cmH2O)
2
O, peak flow 60 L/min, plateau 0 s; average peak pressure
2
O, peak flow 60 L/min, plateau 0 s;
2
O, average mean pressure 24 cmH2O)
2
NOTE:
• If you plan to store the ventilator for longer than 6 months, remove batteries before storage. Replace the batteries before using the ventilator again.
• Battery life specifications are approximate. To ensure maximum battery life, maintain full charge and minimize the number of complete discharges.
Serial communications DB9 male connector
Lets computer access ventilator data. Used to upload/download service data and to perform other communications functions.
Alarm volume Minimum (level 1): 74 dBA at 1 m
Maximum (level 5): 88 dBA at 1 m
Measuring and display devices
Mean airway pressure Sensing position: Exhalation limb
Range: 0 to 99 cmH Type: Silicon solid state
Peak pressure Sensing position: Exhalation limb
Range: 0 to 140 cmH Type: Silicon solid state
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
O (0 to 99 hPa)
2
O (0 to 140 hPa)
2
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Table 1-1 Specifications (continued)
Plateau pressure (760 Ventilator only)
PEEP/CPAP pressure (760 Ventilator only)
Rate Sensing position: Microprocessor
I:E ratio Sensing position: Microprocessor
Inspiratory time (760 Ventilator only)
Exhaled tidal volume Sensing position: Exhalation limb
Total minute volume Sensing position: Exhalation limb
Delivered volume (760 Ventilator only)
Spontaneous minute volume (760 Ventilator only)
sensor Sensing position: Inspiration manifold
FIO
2
Sensing position: Exhalation limb Range: 0 to 140 cmH Type: Silicon solid state
Sensing position: Exhalation limb Range: 0 to 140 cmH Type: Silicon solid state
Range: 1 to 500 breaths/min Type: Calculated from inspiratory and expiratory time measurements
Range: 1:99.9 to 9.9:1 Type: Calculated from inspiratory and expiratory time measurements
Sensing position: Microprocessor Range: 0.1 to 9.9 s Type: Inspiratory time measurement
Range: 0 to 9 L Type: Differential pressure pneumotach
Range: 0 to 99 L Type: Differential pressure pneumotach
Sensing position: Exhalation limb Range: 0 to 3000 ml Type: Differential pressure pneumotach
Sensing position: Exhalation limb Range: 0 to 99 L Type: Calculated from expiratory flow measurements
Range: 18 to 109 % Type: Galvanic cell Sensor life: 2 years, nominal. (Actual life depends on operating environment;
operation at higher temperature or FIO
O (0 to 140 hPa)
2
O (0 to 140 hPa)
2
levels will result in shorter sensor life.)
2
1-8
NOTE:
To achieve compliance with the more rigid requirements for oxygen monitoring (as set forth in ISO 7767), Nellcor Puritan Bennett recommends using an external monitor that meets that standard.
Service specifications
Self-test capabilities Automatic power-on self-test (POST): Verifies integrity of electronics.
Short self-test (SST): An abbreviated version of EST to be run by the operator. Characterizes system leaks and system/tubing compliance.
Extended self-test (EST): Lets the technician thoroughly test the operational integrity of the ventilator, both electronics and pneumatics. Tests can also be run individually, in diagnostic EST mode.
Automatic, ongoing software and hardware checks.
Bacteria filter efficiency Inspiratory and expiratory filters (disposable and reusable): 99.97% retention of 0.3
m particles at 100 L/min.
Languages Software and user labeling available in Dutch, English, French, German, Italian,
Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, or Spanish.
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
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General information 1
Warning
.......................................................................................
Table 1-1 Specifications (continued)
Other built-in service capabilities
Compliance and approvals
IEC 60601-1 classification: 1991
The 700 Series Ventilator System complies with these International and European standards:
The 700 Series Ventilator System has been certified by these test agencies:
Serial port enabling (for file transfer); loopback test for Communications option serial ports; battery load test; calibration of oxygen sensor, oxygen regulator pressure transducer, and PEEP pump; equalization of exhalation pressure transducer/cylinder pressure transducer (P preventive maintenance hours; review and erasing of diagnostic code logs; review of EST test status; and real-time display of monitored ventilator parameters.
The 700 Series Ventilator System complies with the requirements of Directive 2007/47/EC concerning medical devices. It therefore bears the CE marking.
Protection class I, Type B, internally powered, drip-proof equipment, continuous operation.
IEC 60601-1/EN 60601-1 IEC 60601-2-12 IEC 60601-1-2/EN 60601-1-2 IEC 60601-1-6
CSA: CSA C22.2 No. 601-1, CSA C22.2 No. 601-2-12, NRTL certification.
1.7 Manufacturer’s Declaration
The following tables contain the manufacturer’s declarations for the electromagnetic emissions, electromagnetic immunity, recommended separation distances between ventilator and portable and mobile RF communications equipment, and a list of compliant cables.
), input and viewing of calibration constants; resetting of
e/Pcyl
• Portable and mobile RF communications equipment can affect the performance of the 700 Series Ventilator System. Install and use this device according to the information contained in this manual.
•The 700 Series Ventilator System should not be used adjacent t o or stacked with other equipment, except as specified in this manual. If adjacent or stacked use is necessary, the 700 Series Ventilator System should be observed to verify normal operation in the configurations in which it will be used.
NOTE: This is a class A product and is intended to be used in a hospital environment
only. If used outside of the hospital environment, this equipment may not offer adequate protection to radio-frequency communication services. The user may be required to take mitigation measures, such as relocating or re-orienting the equipment.
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
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Table 1-2 Electromagnetic Emissions
The 700 Ventilator System is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the 700 Ventilator System should assure that it is used in such an environment.
Emissions Test Compliance
Radiated emissions CISPR 11
Conducted emissions CISPR 11
Harmonic emissions IEC 61000-3-2
Voltage fluctuations/ flicker emissions
IEC 61000-3-3
Group 1 Class A
Group 1 Class A
Class A
Complies
Electromagnetic environment–guidance
The 700 Series Ventilator System uses RF energy only for its internal functions. Therefore, its RF emissions are very low and are not likely to cause any interference in nearby electronic equipment.
Table 1-3 Electromagnetic Immunity
The 700 Series Ventilator System is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the 700 Series Ventilator System should assure that it is used in such an environment.
Immunity test
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) IEC 61000-4-2
IEC 60601-1-2 test
level
± 6 kV contact
± 8 kV air
Compliance level
± 6 kV contact
± 8 kV air
Electromagnetic environment–
guidance
Floors should be wood, concrete, or ceramic tile. If floors are cov­ered with synthetic material, the relative humidity should be at least 30%.
1-10
Electrical fast transient/ burst IEC 61000-4-4
Surge IEC 61000-4-5
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
± 2 kV for power sup­ply lines
± 1 kV for input/out­put lines
± 1 kV lines/lines ± 2 kV lines/earth
± 2 kV for power supply lines
± 1 kV for input/output lines
± 1 kV lines/lines ± 2 kV lines/earth
Mains power quality should be that of a typical commercial or hospital environment.
Mains power quality should be that of a typical commercial or hospital environment.
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Table 1-3 Electromagnetic Immunity (continued)
The 700 Series Ventilator System is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the 700 Series Ventilator System should assure that it is used in such an environment.
Immunity test
Voltage dips, short inter­ruptions and voltage varia­tions on power supply input lines IEC 61000-4-11
Power frequency (50/60 Hz) magnetic field IEC 61000-4-8
NOTE:
T is the AC mains voltage prior to application of the test level.
U
IEC 60601-1-2 test
level
< 5% UT (> 95% dip in UT for
0.5 cycle)
40% UT (60% dip in UT for 5cycles)
70% UT (30% dip in UT for 25 cycles)
< 5% UT (> 95% dip in UT for 5 s)
3 A/m 3 A/m Power frequency magnetic fields
Compliance level
< 5% UT (> 95% dip in UT for
0.5 cycle)
40% UT (60% dip in UT for 5 cycles)
70% UT (30% dip in UT for 25 cycles)
< 5% UT (> 95% dip in UT for 5 s)
Electromagnetic environment–
guidance
Mains power quality should be that of a typical commercial or hospital environment. If the user of the 700 Series Ventilator Sys­tem requires continued opera­tion during power mains interruptions, it is recom­mended that the 700 Series Ven­tilator System be powered from an uninterruptible power supply or a battery.
should be at levels characteristic of a typical location in a typical commercial or hospital environ­ment.
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1-11
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d0.35P=
d1.2P= d1.2P=
d2.3P=
.......................................................................................
Table 1-4 Electromagnetic Immunity-conducted and radiated RF
The 700 Series Ventilator System is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the The 700 Series Ventilator System should assure that it is used in such an environment.
Immunity test
Conducted RF IEC 61000-4-6
Radiated RF IEC 61000-4-3
IEC 60601-1-2 test
level
3 Vrms 150 kHz to 80 MHz outside ISM bandsa
10 Vrms inside ISM bandsa
10 V/m 80 MHz to 2.5 GHz
Compliance level
3 Vrms 150 kHz to 80 MHz outside
ISM bands
10 Vrms inside ISM bands
10 V/m 80 MHz to 2.5 GHz
Electromagnetic environment–
guidance
Portable and mobile RF communications equipment should be used no closer to any part of the 700 Series Ventilator System, including cables, than the recommended separation distance calculated from the equation applicable to the frequency of the transmitter.
Recommended separation distance
80 MHz to 800 MHz
1-12
800 MHz to 2.5 GHz
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General information 1
7-00431
d0.35P=
d1.2P=
d1.2P=
d2.3P=
.......................................................................................
Table 1-4 Electromagnetic Immunity-conducted and radiated RF (continued)
Immunity test
where P is the maximum output power rating of the transmitter in watts (W) according to the transmitter manufacturer and d is the recommended separation distance in meters (m)b. Field strengths from fixed RF transmitters, as determined by an electromagnetic site surveyc, should be less than the compliance level in each frequency ranged.
Interference may occur in the vicinity of equipment marked with the following symbol:
NOTE:
• At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the higher frequency range applies.
• These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic propagation is affected by absorption and reflection from structures, objects, and people.
The ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) bands between 150 kHz and 80 MHz are 6.765 MHz to 6.795 MHz’; 13.553 MHz to 13.567
a
MHz; 26.957 MHz to 27.283 MHz; and 40.66 MHz to 40.70 MHz.
b The compliance levels in the ISM frequency bands between 150 kHz and 80 MHz and in the frequency range 80 MHz to 2.5 GHz are
intended to decrease the likelihood that mobile/portable communications equipment could cause interference if it is inadvertently brought into patient areas. For this reason, an additional factor of 10/3 is used in calculating the recommended separation distance for transmitters in these frequency ranges.
c Field strengths from fixed transmitters, such as base stations for radio (cellular/cordless) telephones and land mobile radios, amateur
radio, AM and FM radio broadcast and TV broadcast cannot be predicted theoretically with accuracy. To assess the electromagnetic environment due to fixed RF transmitters, an electromagnetic site survey should be considered. If the measured field strength in the location in which the 700 Series Ventilator System is used exceeds the applicable RF compliance level above, the 700 Series Ventilator System should be observed to verify normal operation. If abnormal performance is observed, additional measures may be necessary, such as reorienting or relocating the ventilator.
d Over the frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz, field strengths should be less than 10 V/m.
IEC 60601-1-2 test
level
Compliance level
Electromagnetic environment-
guidance
Table 1-5 Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF
communications equipment and the 700 Series ventilator
The 700 Series Ventilator System is intended for use in an electromagnetic environment in which radiated RF disturbances are controlled. The customer or the user of the The 700 Series Ventilator System can help prevent electromagnetic interference by maintaining a minimum distance between portable and mobile RF communications equipment (transmitters) and the ventilator as recommended below, according to the maximum output power of the communications equipment.
Rated maximum output power of
transmitter (W)
0.01 0.035 0.12 0.12 0.23
0.1 0.11 0.38 0.38 0.73
1 0.35 1.2 1.2 2.3
10 1.1 3.8 3.8 7.3
100 3.5 12 12 23
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
150 kHz to 80 MHz
outside ISM bands
(m)
150 kHz to 80 MHz in
ISM bands
(m)
80 MHz to
800 MHz
(m)
800 MHz to
2.5 GHz
(m)
1-13
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Warning
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Table 1-5 Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF
communications equipment and the 700 Series ventilator (continued)
For transmitters rated at a maximum output power not listed above, the recommended separation distance d in meters (m) can be determined using the equation applicable to the frequency of the transmitter, where P is the maximum output power rating of the transmitter in watts (W) according to the transmitter manufacturer.
NOTES:
• At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the separation distance for the higher frequency range applies.
• The ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) bands between 150 kHz and 80 MHz are 6.765 MHz to
6.795MHz; 13.553 MHz to 13.567 MHz; 26.957 MHz to 27.283 MHz; and 40.66 MHz to 40.70 MHz.
•An additional factor of 10/3 is used in calculating the recommended separation distance for transmitters in the ISM frequency bands between 150 kHz and 80 MHz and in the frequency range 80 MHz to 2.5 GHz to decrease the likelihood that mobile/portable communications equipment could cause interference if it is inadvertently brought into patient areas.
• These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic propagation is affected by absorption and reflection from structures, objects, and people.
Table 1-6 Compliant cables
Puritan Bennett does not supply remote alarm (nurse call) or serial port cables. In order to maintain compliance to International Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards, Puritan Bennett recommends using shielded cables for these applications.
The use of accessories and cables other than those specified, with the exception of parts sold by Puritan Bennett as replacements for internal components, may result in increased emissions or decreased immunity of the 700 Series Ventilator System.
Accessory or cable Maximum length
G-060135-00 Power cord, UK
G-061241-00 Power cord, North America
G-061242-00 Power cord, Australia
G-061243-00 Power cord, continental Europe
G-061244-00 Power cord, Denmark
G-061245-00 Power cord, Italy
G-061246-00 Power cord, Switzerland
G-061247-00 Power cord, India, South Africa
10 ft (3 m)
10 ft (3m)
10 ft (3m)
10 ft (3m)
10 ft (3m)
10 ft (3m)
10 ft (3m)
10 ft (3m)
1-14
G-061248-00 Power cord, Israel
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
10 ft (3m)
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General information 1
Caution
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1.8 Tools, equipment, and service materials
The tools, equipment, and service materials listed in Table 1-7 are used to service the 700 Series Ventilator.
Always use metric tools to remove metric fasteners. Using nonmetric tools to remove metric fasteners can damage fasteners.
Table 1-7 Tools, equipment, and service materials
Manufacturer and model or
Description
Nellcor Puritan Bennett part
number
Where used
Hex drivers, 1.5-mm, 2.5-mm, 3-mm, 4-mm, and 5-mm
Hex driver, 1/16-in. Local supplier Knob set screw
Hex driver, 7/64-in. Local supplier Autozero solenoid
Nutdrivers or wrenches, 5-mm, 5.5-mm (or 7/32-in.), 7-mm, 8-mm, and 11-mm
Wrench, open-ended (or adjustable) Local supplier
• 10-mm • Inspiration manifold
• 14-mm • Nebulizer connector
• 19-mm • Inspiration manifold
Local supplier Various service procedures
retaining screws
Local supplier Various service procedures
thermistor (previous version), nurse call connector lock nut (Communications option assembly)
lock nut (Communications option assembly)
thermistor (current version), oxygen regulator pressure transducer; oxygen regulator nut, remote alarm connector lock nut (Communications option assembly)
• 3/16-in. • Oxygen regulator adjustment screw
• Serial (RS-232) port hardware (Communications option assembly)
•3/8-in. • Oxygen regulator nut
1-15
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Table 1-7 Tools, equipment, and service materials (continued)
Manufacturer and model or
Description
POZIDRIV®screwdrivers, no. 0, 1, and 2 Local supplier Various service procedures
NOTE:
Use POZIDRIV screwdrivers only to remove POZIDRIV screws. Using Phillips-head screwdrivers on POZIDRIV heads may damage the screw heads.
Flat-bladed screwdriver Local supplier Various service procedures
Nellcor Puritan Bennett part
number
Where used
Flat-bladed screwdriver with long (>20-cm) shank
Phillips screwdriver, no. 1 Local supplier Cart
Local supplier Piston/cylinder assembly
retaining screws
NOTE:
Use Phillips screwdrivers only to remove Phillips-head screws. Using POZIDRIV screwdrivers on Phillips heads may damage the screw heads.
Drill with 1/8-in. (3-mm) bit Local supplier Removing serial number
plate
Electrical safety analyzer, capable of measuring ground resistance and leakage current
Digital multimeter (DMM) accurate to 3 decimal places
Multimeter patch cord set, 0.025 square receptacle (Includes red cord (P/N G-061579-00) and black cord (P/N G-061580-00))*
Fluke ESA620 or equivalent Fluke Model ESA 620 or equivalent http://www.flukebiomedical.com 6920 Seaway Blvd. Everett, WA USA 98203 Telephone: (425) 446-6945 Toll Free (US): (800) 850-4608
Local supplier Performance verification
G-061567-00 or equivalent Performance verification
Electrical safety test
1-16
Pneumatic calibration analyzer or equivalent devices capable of measuring oxygen percent, flow, BTPS volume, pressure, and barometric pressure. Oxygen analyzer connector tee. Required accuracies:
• Flow: 2.75% of reading ±0.05 slpm
• Volume: 2% of reading or ±1 digit
• Low pressure (-150 to +150 cmH
0.75% of reading ±0.04 cmH
• High pressure (0 to 150 psig):
1.0% of reading ±0.1 psi
• Oxygen percentage: ±2% oxygen
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
O):
2
O
2
Nellcor Puritan Bennett PTS 2000 Performance Test System (4-074686-00)
Performance verification, EST, oxygen regulator pressure transducer calibration
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General information 1
Warning
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Table 1-7 Tools, equipment, and service materials (continued)
Manufacturer and model or
Description
Nellcor Puritan Bennett part
number
Where used
ESD-safe vacuum cleaner with 0.2 m filter (rated for photocopiers and laser printers)
Static-dissipative field service kit (includes wrist strap, static-dissipative mat, and ground cord)
Oxygen source, 40 to 90 psi (275 to 620 kPa); (50 psi (345 kPa) required for oxygen sensor calibration check)
Due to excessive restriction of the Air Liquide, Australian, and Dräger hose assemblies, reduced FIO2 levels may result when oxygen inlet pressures< 50 psi (345 kPa) are employed. Make sure oxygen inlet pressure is 50 psi (345 kPa) when using these hose assemblies, to maintain correct FIO
*
Local supplier General cleaning of
ventilator interior
G-061661-00 or equivalent Various service procedures
Local supplier EST, performance
verification, oxygen sensor calibration check
levels.
2
NOTE:
To ensure that compliance compensation functions correctly, the user must run EST or SST with the circuit configured as intended for use on the patient.
Oxygen regulator pressure transducer (Po) calibration tool
For use with:
PTS 2000: 4-079050-00
• G-061541-SP
Calibrating oxygen regulator pressure transducer
Cable ties, small G-061096-00 or local supplier Various places
Cutting tool Local supplier Various service procedures
(for cutting cable ties or wires)
Leak test fluid 4-004489-00 O
Rivets G-061182-00 Attaching serial number
Isopropyl alcohol Local supplier General cleaning
Cotton swabs Local supplier General cleaning
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
adapter assembly
2
plate
1-17
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Table 1-7 Tools, equipment, and service materials (continued)
Manufacturer and model or
Description
Touch-up paint
• White liquid lacquer
Nellcor Puritan Bennett part
number
• G-061999-00
Where used
• Ventilator cabinet
• Charcoal liquid lacquer
• Gray liquid lacquer
Electrostatic-shielding bags
• 66 x 46 cm (26 x 18 in.)
• 13 x 20 cm (5 x 8 in.)
• 28 x 38 cm (11 x 15 in.)
*
• G-062000-00
• G-061361-00
*
*
• G-061534-00
• G-061532-00
• G-061533-00
• Ventilator lid
• Ventilator cart
• UI display PCB
•Optoswitch
• Controller PCB, BBU PCB, pressure solenoid PCB
1-18
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1.9 Periodic maintenance
Table 1-8 lists the periodic maintenance activities (other than patient system maintenance) required for the 700 Series Ventilator. The hours remaining until service is due are displayed when POST is run and through the Service summary menu option (see the Operator’s Manual). For patient system maintenance, consult the Operator’s Manual.
Table 1-8 Schedule of periodic maintenance
Interval Part Activity
250 hours or 1 month of use (or more often, if required)
1000 hours or 3 months of use (or more often, if required)
Every year or per your hospital’s protocol
Every quarter Backup alarm function Test backup alarm function per
Every two years Entire ventilator Performance Verification
15,000 hours of operation Entire ventilator Install 15,000-hour preventive
30,000 hours of operation Entire ventilator Install 30,000-hour preventive
Every 2 years or as necessary • Internal battery (G-061139-00)
Main fan filter (G-060531-00) Either vacuum filter or wash filter in
a warm detergent solution, rinse, and dry well. Replace filter when it shows signs of wear or when a FAN FAILED ALERT alarm occurs.
Air intake filter (G-060457-00) Replace at recommended interval
or when an AIR INTAKE BLOCKED alarm occurs.
Entire ventilator Electrical safety test
Section 8.10.3.2 steps
maintenance kit (P/N G-061166-00), including performance verification.
maintenance kit (P/N G-061167-00), including performance verification.
Replace.
• External battery (G-061140-00)
• Oxygen sensor (G-062010-00 for sensor only; G-062009-00 if replacing a sensor with integral harness),
NOTE:
Using ventilator menu functions, you can view the remaining estimated life of the internal and external batteries, in hours.
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Caution
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1.10 Service kits
Table 1-9 lists the 700 Series Ventilator service kits. Chapter 9 lists the mounting kits available for the ventilator.
Table 1-9 Service kits
Part no. Description
G-061166-00 15,000-hour preventive maintenance kit. See Chapter 9 for contents.
G-061167-00 30,000-hour preventive maintenance kit. See Chapter 9 for contents.
G-060872-00 700 Series Ventilator return (repackaging) kit..
1.11 Controls and indicators
Operating the ventilator involves setting the controls and observing indicators on the ventilator keyboard. For further details, see Figure 1-2 Tab l e 1-1 0 through Table 1-12. The keyboard is grouped into three sections:
VENTILATOR SETTINGS: Where breath delivery variables are set.
, Figure 1-3, and
PATIENT DATA: Where alarm limits are set, and monitored pressures, breath timing, and volumes may be viewed.
VENTILATOR STATUS: Where alarm status and operating condition of the ventilator are viewed.
To avoid damaging the keyboard, do not puncture it with sharp objects.
1-20
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General information 1
VENTILATOR SETTINGS section VENTILATOR STATUS sectionPATIENT DATA section
7-00315
.......................................................................................
Figure 1-2. Controls and indicators on 740 Ventilator keyboard
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1 General information
VENTILATOR SETTINGS section VENTILATOR STATUS sectionPATIENT DATA section
7-00316
.......................................................................................
1-22
Figure 1-3. Controls and indicators on 760 Ventilator keyboard
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1.11.1 Ventilator Settings
The VENTILATOR SETTINGS section of the keyboard allows you to select the ventilation mode, breath type, and settings. For more detail on ventilation modes and breath delivery, see the 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual.
To change the mode and settings, select the mode, then the breath type, and then the ventilator settings. The keys flash during setup and mode changes to ensure that you review all pertinent settings. The keyboard is designed to minimize accidental or unintentional changes.
Table 1-10 summarizes the functions of the keys, knob, and indicators in the VENTILATOR SETTINGS section of the keyboard. Ventilator settings are also limited by these breath delivery boundaries:
•I:E ratio 4:1 for PCV (760 Ventilator only), 3:1 for all other breath types
Inspiratory time = 0.2 to 8 seconds (excluding plateau)
•Expiratory time 0.2 seconds
PEEP/CPAP + SUPPORT PRESSURE or INSPIRATORY PRESSURE 80 cmH (80 hPa)
NOTE:
Maximum SUPPORT PRESSURE is 70 cmH is 80 cmH
SUPPORT PRESSURE or INSPIRATORY PRESSURE + PEEP/CPAP < HIGH PRESSURE - 2 cmH
HIGH PRESSURE (in A/C and SIMV modes) > PEEP/CPAP + 7 cmH
HIGH PRESSURE (in SPONT mode) > PEEP/CPAP + SUPPORT PRESSURE + 2 cmH
HIGH PRESSURE > LOW INSP PRESSURE
•Minute volume 50 L/min at an I:E ratio of 2:1
O.
2
O (2 hPa)
2
O (2 hPa)
2
O, maximum INSPIRATORY PRESSURE
2
O (7 hPa)
2
O
2
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Table 1-10 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: VENTILATOR SETTINGS
Key/indicator Specifies... Range
Mode/breath type settings
A/C Assist/control mode. VCV (volume control ventilation) and PCV
(pressure control ventilation) breath types. (PCV available on 760 Ventilator only.)
SIMV Synchronous intermittent mandatory
ventilation mode.
SPONT Spontaneous mode. PSV breath type
VCV VCV breath type. VCV available on 740 and 760 Ventilators in
PCV PCV breath type. PCV available on 760 Ventilator only in A/C or
PSV PSV breath type. PSV available in SIMV or SPONT modes.
Mandatory (VCV) settings
RESPIRATORY RATE
TIDAL VOLUME Volume delivered to the patient during a
PEAK FLOW Maximum flow of gas delivered during a
The minimum number of mandatory breaths the patient receives per minute.
mandatory breath, compliance­compensated and corrected to body temperature and pressure, saturated (BTPS).
mandatory breath (BTPS). (Combined with tidal volume, peak flow defines the active portion of inspiratory time.)
VCV, PCV (760 only), and PSV (pressure support ventilation) breath types.
A/C or SIMV modes.
SIMV modes.
1 to 70 /minute (non-apnea ventilation)* 6 to 70 (apnea ventilation)* Accuracy: (0.1 + 1%) /minute * For ventilators equipped with software
revision J or later.
40 to 2000 ml Accuracy: (10 ml + 10% of setting)
3 to 150 L/min Accuracy: (5 + 10% of setting) L/min
1-24
PLATEAU (s) Length of inspiratory pause after a
mandatory breath has been delivered, during which no gas is delivered.
Mandatory (PCV) settings (760 Ventilator only)
RESPIRATORY RATE
INSPIRATORY PRESSURE
(760 only)
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
The minimum number of mandatory breaths the patient receives per minute.
Pressure above PEEP during the inspiratory phase of a PCV breath.
0.0 to 2.0 second Accuracy: 0.05 second
1 to 70 /minute (non-apnea ventilation)* 6 to 70 (apnea ventilation)* Accuracy: (0.1 + 1%) /minute * For ventilators equipped with software
revision J or later.
5 to 80 cmH Accuracy: (3 + 2.5% of setting) cmH
O (5 to 80 hPa)
2
2
O
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General information 1
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Table 1-10 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: VENTILATOR SETTINGS (continued)
Key/indicator Specifies... Range
TI/I:E RATIO (760 only)
RISE TIME FACTOR
(760 only)
You can use the MENU key to select inspiratory time (TI) or I:E ratio as the breath timing setting for a PCV breath. You can change the selected breath timing setting (T remains constant when you change the respiratory rate in PCV.
Selecting I:E ratio makes the set ratio of inspiratory time to expiratory time for a PCV breath.
The time for inspiratory pressure to rise from 0 to 95% of the target pressure level during a PCV breath.
A setting of 100 = a 100-msec rise time, and a setting of 5 = 80% of the inspiratory time or 2500 msec, whichever is less.
When this setting is changed, the message window shows the actual time (in seconds) to reach 95% of target pressure.
NOTE:
or I:E ratio), but the setting
I
To help determine the correct setting for inspiratory time, during PCV the message window displays peak inspiratory flow, end inspiratory flow, and end exhalation flow in L/min.
Inspiratory time(T Accuracy: 0.05 second
I:E ratio1:99 to 4:1 Accuracy: (0.1 + 2%)
5 to 100
)0.2 to 8 seconds
I
Spontaneous (PSV) settings
SUPPORT PRESSURE
RISE TIME FACTOR
(760 only)
Pressure above PEEP maintained during spontaneous inspiration. Support pressure is terminated when inspiratory flow falls to 25% of peak inspiratory flow, or to the exhalation sensitivity setting (760 only), or 10 L/min or 25% of peak flow, whichever is lower (740 only). Maximum inspiratory time is 3.5 seconds for adults, and 2.5 seconds for pediatric patients.
The time for inspiratory pressure to rise from 0 to 95% of the target pressure level during a PSV breath.
A setting of 100 = a 100-msec rise time, and a setting of 5 = 80% of the inspiratory time or 1500 msec (when an adult ventilator breathing circuit is selected) or 600 msec (when a pediatric circuit is selected), whichever is less.
When you adjust this setting, the message window shows the actual time (in seconds) to reach 95% of target pressure.
0 to 70 cmH Accuracy: (3 + 2.5% of setting) cmH
5 to 100
O (0 to 70 hPa)
2
O
2
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Table 1-10 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: VENTILATOR SETTINGS (continued)
Key/indicator Specifies... Range
EXH SENSITIVITY
(760 only)
Common settings
PEEP/CPAP Positive end expiratory pressure/continuous
TRIGGER SENSITIVITY (L/min)
% O
2
The percent of peak expiratory flow at which the ventilator cycles from inspiration to exhalation for spontaneous breaths. The flow at which the ventilator cycles from inspiration to exhalation for PSV breaths. Exhalation begins when the inspiratory flow is less than the set value.
To help set EXH SENSITIVITY appropriately, the peak inspiratory flow and end inspiratory flow are displayed in the message window in PSV.
positive airway pressure. Minimum pressure maintained during inspiratory and expiratory phases.
Inspiratory flow required to trigger the ventilator to deliver a breath.
Percentage of inspired oxygen of the gas delivered to the patient.
NOTE:
It may take several minutes for the oxygen percentage to stabilize.
1 to 80%* * For ventilators equipped with software
revision J or later.
0 to 35 cmH Accuracy: (2 cmH
1 to 20 L/min
21 to 100% Accuracy: 3% full scale
O (0 to 35 hPa)
2
O + 4% of setting)
2
Other keys, knob, and indicators
APNEA PAR A MS key
MENU Allows you to view active and reset alarms, run SST and EST, adjust certain settings (including
100% O
2
Allows the operator to select VCV or PCV (760 Ventilator only) apnea ventilation, and apnea ventilation settings. Apnea ventilation is available SPONT mode, or in SIMV or A/C mode when the respiratory rate is less than 6 /minute.* You can select an apnea interval from 10 to 60 seconds.* For other apnea parameter ranges, see mandatory VCV settings and mandatory PCV (760 Ventilator only) settings.
* For ventilators equipped with software revision J or later.
endotracheal tube size, humidifier type*, date and time, apnea interval*, VCV flow (ramp or square) pattern*, speaking valve setup*, alarm volume, PCV timing, and volume bar graph display), access oxygen sensor functions (calibrate, enable or disable % O enable or disable display of oxygen sensor reading), enter standby mode, and view battery information, display software revision, display service information, and enter EasyNeb nebulizer functions. (The 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual explains how to use the menu function.)
* For ventilators equipped with software revision J or later.
Switches the % O2 to 100% for 2 minutes, then returns to the current % O2 setting. The 2-minute interval restarts every time you press 100% O can press CLEAR to stop the maneuver (unless you have entered a MENU key function or selected a setting).
. Once the 100% O2 has started, you
2
alarm limits, and
2
1-26
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Table 1-10 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: VENTILATOR SETTINGS (continued)
Key/indicator Specifies... Range
MANUAL INSP Delivers one mandatory breath to the patient according to the current mandatory settings (in
A/C or SIMV) or the current apnea parameters (in SPONT). You can deliver a MANUAL INSP at any time during the exhalation phase of a breath as long as the exhaled flow is less than 30% of the peak exhaled flow, except during apnea ventilation.
EXP PAUSE (760 only)
INSP PAUSE (760 only)
CLEAR Pressing CLEAR before accepting a setting cancels the proposed setting. Pressing CLEAR does
ACCEPT Makes changes to settings effective. If you don’t press ACCEPT within 30 seconds of
Allows you to measure the patient’s auto-PEEP. Pressing EXP PAUSE causes the ventilator to close the exhalation valve at the end of the expiratory phase, and does not deliver the next mandatory breath. At the end of the maneuver, the message window shows the calculated value for auto-PEEP (expiratory pressure at the beginning of the maneuver minus expiratory pressure at the end of the maneuver) and total PEEP for 30 seconds.
The message window shows the end expiratory flow in L/min at the beginning of each breath. If there is expiratory flow when the ventilator delivers the next breath, indicates that auto­PEEP is present.
The EXP PAUSE continues as long as you hold down the key, and should last only as until expiratory pressure stabilizes. An EXP PAUSE maneuver ends when you release the key, the patient initiates a breath, an alarm occurs, the expiratory phase (including the maneuver) lasts more than 20 seconds, or the ventilator detects a leak.
Auto-PEEP:
Range: 1 to 35 cmH Accuracy: (1 cmH
Allows you to measure the patient’s compliance and resistance. An extended inspiratory pause also allows you to expand the patient’s lungs for up to 10 seconds.
Pressing INSP PAUSE momentarily causes the ventilator to wait until the end of the inspiratory phase of the current or next mandatory breath (in SPONT mode, the ventilator delivers a mandatory breath using the MANUAL INSP key according to the apnea settings), stop breath delivery, and keep the exhalation valve closed. The INSP PAUSE continues until the ventilator detects a stable plateau pressure or 2 seconds have elapsed. An INSP PAUSE maneuver ends when a stable plateau is reached or an alarm occurs.
Pressing INSP PAUSE for 2 or more seconds after the pause begins causes the ventilator to deliver an inspiratory pause for as long as you hold down the key. An extended INSP PAUSE maneuver ends when you release the key or 10 seconds have elapsed.
You can press CLEAR or release the INSP PAUSE key at any time to cancel an INSP PAUSE maneuver.
At the end of the breath, the message window shows the calculated value for compliance and resistance (if the mandatory breath was a VCV breath) or compliance (if the mandatory breath was a PCV breath) for 30 seconds.
Compliance:
Range: 1 to 150 mL/cmH Accuracy: (1 mL/cmH
Resistance:
Range: 0 to 150 cmH Accuracy: (3 cmH
not cancel accepted settings. Pressing CLEAR twice returns the ventilator to its previous state (unless you have entered a
MENU key function that requires you to press CLEAR more times). Pressing CLEAR during a 100% O
proposing a new setting, the user interface returns to its previous state.
O.
2
O + 3% of reading).
2
O.
2
O + 20% of reading).
2
O/L/second.
2
O/L/second + 20% of reading).
2
maneuver cancels the maneuver.
2
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Table 1-10 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: VENTILATOR SETTINGS (continued)
Key/indicator Specifies... Range
Knob Adjusts the value of a setting or selects a menu option. A setting value that flashes means that
the knob is linked to that setting. Turning the knob clockwise increases the value, and turning the knob counterclockwise decreases the value.
CURRENT Lights when the ventilator is operating according to the displayed settings, or during apnea
ventilation. (There is one indicator for mandatory breaths, and one for spontaneous breaths.)
PROPOSED Lights when you propose a mode or breath type, or you are setting apnea parameters. Once
a proposed setting is accepted, it becomes effective at the next breath.
APNEA PAR A MS indicator
Message window
Lights when apnea ventilation is active. Lights with PROPOSED indicator when you are setting apnea parameters, and both indicators
turn off once apnea parameters are accepted.
Shows up to four lines of information (20 characters per line). First line: Reserved for the highest-priority active or autoreset alarm. On the 760 Ventilator and
for 740 Ventilators with software revision H or later, if no alarm is active and the display of the oxygen sensor reading is enabled, the % O proposed breath type, the VCV flow pattern is also displayed if there are no active or autoreset alarms.
Second line: Information about the menu function or settings, alarm silence time remaining, or current date and time. On the 760 Ventilator and for 740 Ventilators with software revision H or later during normal ventilation, shows “Flow (L/min).”
Third and fourth lines: Reserved for other messages. On the 760 Ventilator and for 740 Ventilators with software revision H or later for every breath type, peak and end inspiratory flows are displayed on the third line, and end expiratory flow is displayed on the fourth line (except that inspiratory flow is not displayed during VCV breaths or VCV apnea ventilation).
is displayed here. If VCV is the current or
2
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1.11.2 Patient Data
The PATIENT DATA section of the keyboard allows you to view the pressure, breath timing, and volume of the patient’s breath. You can also view or change the alarm settings. A lighted key indicates that a measurement is selected, and its value appears in the display window. Values are continuously displayed and updated during ventilation.
Table 1-11 summarizes the functions of the keys and indicators in the PATIENT DATA section of the keyboard.
Table 1-11 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: PATIENT DATA
Key/indicator Function Range
Pressure
MEAN PRESSURE Shows the calculated value of
ventilator breathing circuit pressure over an entire respiratory cycle. Updated at the beginning of each breath.
PEAK PRESSURE Shows the maximum pressure
measured during inspiration. Updated at the beginning of each expiratory phase. (Default pressure display.)
PLATEAU PRESSURE
(760 only)
PEEP/CPAP (760 only)
Shows the pressure measured at the end of the plateau period of a mandatory inspiration (whether the inspiration is in a regular VCV breath or is part of an inspiratory pause maneuver). Updated at the beginning of each expiratory phase. The PRESSURE display shows a blank if the ventilator does not detect a stable plateau pressure.
Shows the pressure measured at the expiratory limb before any inspiratory effort. Updated at the beginning of each inspiratory phase.
0 to 99 cmH Accuracy:
(3 + 4% of reading) cmH
0 to 140 cmH (0 to 140 hPa)
Accuracy: (3 + 4% of reading) cmH
0 to 140 cmH (0 to 140 hPa)
Accuracy: (3 + 4% of reading) cmH
0 to 140 cmH (0 to 140 hPa)
Accuracy: (3 + 4% of reading) cmH
O (0 to 99 hPa)
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
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Table 1-11 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: PATIENT DATA (continued)
Key/indicator Function Range
Breath timing
RATE (/min) Shows the calculated value of the
total respiratory rate, based on the previous 60 seconds or 8 breaths (whichever interval is shorter). Updated at the beginning of each breath. (Default breath timing display.)
The calculation is reset (and display is blank) when ventilation starts, when apnea ventilation starts or autoresets, when you change the mode, breath type, or RESPIRATORY RATE setting, and when you press the alarm reset key.
I:E RATIO Shows the ratio of measured
inspiratory time to measured expiratory time. Updated at the beginning of each breath.
INSP TIME (s) (760 only)
Volume
The measured inspiratory time, including breaths that are truncated due to a HIGH PRESSURE alarm. Updated at the beginning of each expiratory phase.
1* to 500 /minute Accuracy:
(0.1 +1% of reading)/minute
* For ventilators equipped with software revision J or later.
1:99.9 to 9.9:1 Accuracy: (0.1 + 2%)
0.00 to 9.90 seconds Accuracy: 0.05 seconds
EXHALED VOLUME (ml)
Shows the patient’s measured expiratory tidal volume averaged over the last 5 breaths (for A/C VCV breaths, ventilator-initiated PCV breaths, and PCV apnea breaths) or for the just-completed breath (for all other breaths). Corrected to BTPS and compliance­compensated. Updated at the beginning of each inspiration. (Default volume display.)
The calculation is reset when ventilation starts, when apnea ventilation starts or autoresets, when you change the mode, breath type, or any setting that affects breath averages (for example, respiratory rate or inspiratory time), and when you press the alarm reset key.
0 to 9 L Accuracy:
(10 ml + 10% of reading)
1-30
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Table 1-11 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: PATIENT DATA (continued)
Key/indicator Function Range
TOTAL MINUTE VOLUME (L)
DELIVERED VOLUME (mL)
(760 only)
SPONT MINUTE VOLUME (L)
(760 only)
Shows the patient’s measured expiratory minute volume, based on the previous 60 seconds or 8 breaths (whichever interval is shorter). Updated at the beginning of each breath.
The calculation is reset when ventilation starts, when apnea ventilation starts or autoresets, when you change the mode or breath type, and when you press the alarm reset key.
Shows the measured inspiratory tidal volume for the just-completed PCV or PSV breath. Corrected to BTPS and compliance­compensated. Updated at the beginning of each inspiration.
Shows the patient’s measured expiratory minute volume for all spontaneous breaths, based on the previous 60 seconds or 8 breaths (whichever interval is shorter). Updated at the beginning of each breath.
The calculation is reset when ventilation starts, when apnea ventilation starts or autoresets, when you change the mode or breath type, and when you press the alarm reset key.
0 to 99 L Accuracy:
(10 ml + 10% of reading)
0 to 3000 ml Accuracy:
(10 ml + 10% of reading)
0 to 99 L Accuracy:
(10 ml + 10% of reading)
Alarm settings
HIGH RATE An active alarm indicates that
measured respiratory rate is higher than the alarm setting.
HIGH TIDAL VOLUME
LOW INSP PRESSURE
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
An active alarm Indicates that exhaled volume for three out of four consecutive breaths was above the alarm setting.
An active alarm indicates that monitored circuit pressure is below the alarm setting at the end of inspiration. Inactive in SPONT mode unless the speaking valve option is enabled.
3 to 100 /minute Accuracy:
(0.1 +1% of setting)/minute
20 to 6000 ml Accuracy:
(10 ml + 10% of setting)
3 to 60 cmH Accuracy:
(1 + 3% of setting)
O (3 to 60 hPa)
2
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Table 1-11 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: PATIENT DATA (continued)
Key/indicator Function Range
LOW TIDAL VOLUME
HIGH PRESSURE An active alarm indicates that two
LOW MINUTE VOLUME
Other indicators
Pressure bar graph
An active alarm indicates that exhaled volume for three out of four consecutive breaths were below the alarm setting. (If this alarm is set to 0 ml and breath type is PCV or PSV, an active alarm indicates that delivered volume is less than 3 ml for three out of four consecutive breaths.)
consecutive breaths were truncated because circuit pressure reached the alarm setting.
An active alarm indicates that monitored minute volume is less than the alarm setting, based on an eight-breath running average or the previous minute, whichever is less.
Shows real-time pressures in centimeters of water (cmH2O) or hectopascals (hPa).
LEDs show the current HIGH PRESSURE alarm setting and the peak pressure of the last breath during exhalation.
0 to 2000 ml Accuracy:
(10 ml + 10% of setting)
10 to 90 cmH hPa)
Accuracy: (1 + 3% of setting)
0 to 50 L Accuracy:
O (10 to 90
2
(10 ml + 10% of setting)
-10 to 90 cmH2O (-10 to 90 hPa)
Resolution: 1 cmH
O (1 hPa)
2
Volume bar graph
(760 only)
MAND Lights at the start of each breath to
Shows real-time exhaled volume in milliliters (ml). Volumes are compliance-compensated and corrected to BTPS.
The active scale is determined by the HIGH TIDAL VOLUME alarm setting. LEDs show the current HIGH TIDAL VOLUME and LOW TIDAL VOLUME alarm settings. You can use the MENU key to enable or disable the volume bar graph.
During exhalation, LEDs show the maximum exhaled volume of the last breath.
indicate a ventilator- or operator­initiated mandatory breath is being delivered.
If HIGH TIDAL VOLUME setting < 500 ml:
0 to 500 ml Resolution: 5 ml
If HIGH TIDAL VOLUME setting >
0 to 2000 ml Resolution: 20 ml
Not applicable
500 ml:
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Table 1-11 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: PATIENT DATA (continued)
Key/indicator Function Range
ASSIST Lights at the start of each breath to
indicate a patient-initiated mandatory breath is being delivered.
SPONT Lights at the start of each breath to
indicate a patient-initiated spontaneous breath is being delivered.
Not applicable
Not applicable
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2 min
RESET
.......................................................................................
1.11.3 Ventilator Status
The VENTILATOR STATUS section of the keyboard shows the operating condition of the ventilator, and is continuously updated during operation. Table 1-12 summarizes the functions of the keys and indicators in the VENTILATOR STATUS section of the keyboard.
Table 1-12 700 Series Ventilator keyboards: VENTILATOR STATUS
Key/indicator
ALARM Red
CAUTION Yellow
NORMAL Green Lights when no alarm condition is present.
VENT INOP Red
SAFETY VALVE OPEN
Color
(Priority)
(high)
(medium)
(high)
Red (high)
Function
Flashes when a high-priority alarm is active. A repeating sequence of three, then two beeps sounds. Lights steadily when a high-priority alarm has been autoreset.
Flashes when a medium-priority alarm is active. A repeating sequence of three beeps sounds. Lights steadily when a medium-priority alarm has been autoreset.
Lights to indicate that the ventilator is inoperative, and the ventilator safety valve is open. A qualified service technician must run and pass the extended self-test (EST) before normal ventilation can resume.
If the condition that caused the safety valve to open no longer exists, and the VENT INOP indicator is off, press the alarm reset key to resume ventilation.
Lights when the ventilator’s safety valve and exhalation valve open and only room air is available to the patient.
Can indicate that the ventilator is inoperative, or there is an occlusion in the ventilator breathing circuit. If possible, the message window shows the alarm that triggered the safety valve open condition and how much time has elapsed since the last breath was triggered.
1-34
ON AC/ BATTERY CHARGING
ON INTERNAL BATTERY
ON EXTERNAL BATTERY
INTERNAL BATTERY LEVEL
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Green Lights when the ventilator is running on AC power and the
battery is charging.
Yellow Flashes when the ventilator is running on the internal
battery.
Yellow Flashes when the ventilator is running on the external
battery.
Green Shows the relative charge level of the internal battery.
Flashes when ventilator runs on internal or external battery power, lights steadily when ventilator runs on AC power.
Yellow Alarm silence: Silences the alarm sound for 2 minutes from
the most recent key press.
Alarm reset: Reestablishes all alarm indicators, cancels the
Not applicable
alarm silence period, and resets the patient data displays. If the condition that caused the alarm still exists, the alarm reactivates. Cancels apnea ventilation, if active. Reestablishes previous settings and ventilation resumes, unless the ventilator is inoperative.
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1.12 Location of ventilator serial number
A serial number plate is affixed to the front of the ventilator near the bottom.
1.13 Determining software revision
The software revision is displayed when you power on the ventilator. You can also determine the ventilator’s software revision by using the Software revision menu option (see the 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual for more information on the MENU key).
1.14 Service philosophy
Field service of the ventilator is limited to the service activities described in this manual. For field service, technical support, or information on technical training, call 1-800-635-5267 (within the USA) or contact your Nellcor Puritan Bennett representative (outside the USA).
1.15 Reference documentation
G-061988-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (Czech) G-061989-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (Dutch) G-061874-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (English) G-061981-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (French) G-061980-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (German) G-061982-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (Italian) G-061987-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (Japanese) G-061985-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (Polish) G-061984-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (Portuguese) G-061986-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (Russian) G-061983-00 700 Series Ventilator System Operator’s Manual (Spanish)
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.
M
anual Name:
700 Seri
Part Rev Date: G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
es Ventilator System Service Manua
Chapter
Theory of operation 2
2
.......................................................................................
This chapter details the operational theory of the 700 Series Ventilator System. It begins by describing the overall operation of the ventilator and continues by describing the pneumatic system, including the individual components and their operations as subsystems. Next it describes the electrical system, including the operations of the printed circuit boards (PCBs). Finally it describes the interactions between all ventilator components during breath delivery and under certain other conditions.
2.1 Overview of ventilator operation
The 700 Series Ventilator System (Figure 2-1) consists of two major systems: the pneumatic system and the electrical system. The pneumatic system, under control of the breath delivery (BD) microprocessor, supplies air and oxygen to the patient system external to the ventilator. The electrical system powers the ventilator and provides electronic control of the ventilator’s components. It includes five printed circuit boards (PCBs), a power supply, and various minor components (fans, harnesses, etc.).
Room air and oxygen from an external supply enter the cylinder via the mixing manifold. The piston/cylinder assembly, which is driven by the motor, mixes the gases and precisely controls the flow to the patient. An important aspect of the piston-based pneumatic system is that no contact occurs between the piston and cylinder wall; there is a minute gap. Because the piston and cylinder do not touch, friction between the piston and cylinder is eliminated, improving the ventilator’s performance and reducing wear on the parts.
The output mixture of air and oxygen passes through the inspiration manifold and a patient system external to the ventilator; this patient system may be composed of tubing, filters, water traps, and a humidification device. The patient exhales the gas through the opened exhalation valve.
Pressure transducers provide feedback measurements to the BD microprocessor. After undergoing digital conversion, these measurements are used in calculations that control ventilation.
Initial settings and data for use by the microprocessor are entered by the operator via the user interface (UI). The data is processed by the UI microprocessor, then stored in the ventilator memory. The BD microprocessor uses this data to control the flow of gas to the patient system. Power to operate the ventilator comes from the AC mains (via a 24 V DC power supply output), or from an internal or external (optional) rechargeable backup battery. The external battery (if present) is used if AC power is interrupted. The internal battery is used if the external battery is exhausted or not present. The external battery can be connected or disconnected without any interruption in ventilation.
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7-00122
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2-2
Figure 2-1. 700 Series Ventilator System
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2.2 Pneumatic system
The 700 Series Ventilator pneumatic system includes the following (see Figure 2-2):
Gas inlet system
Piston/cylinder system
Inspiratory manifold system
•Patient system
PEEP/CPAP system
Exhalation system
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Exhaust
port
Oxygen
Air
Oxygen
Oxygen solenoids
Oxygen
Mixing
Safety
Oxygen
Outlet
Cylinder
Piston/cylinder assy
Inlet
Motor/
Exhalation
Thermistor
Exhalation
Inspiratory
Exhalation
PEEP
Filter
PEEP
check
valve
sensor
regulator
fitting
intake
filter
manifold
check
valve
regulator
pressure
transducer
encoder
solenoid
filter
Expiratory
filter
Collector
vial
pressure
transducer
autozero
solenoid
Exhalation
pressure
transducer
autozero
solenoid
reservoir
valve
assy
Heater assy
flow sensor
pump
valve
To patient
PRESSURE SOLENOID PCB
VENTILATOR HEAD
Jet
venturi
7-00019
Air intake
check
Pressure
relief
check
valve
valve
Restrictor
.......................................................................................
2-4
Figure 2-2. Pneumatic system
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Table 2-1 provides some pertinent specifications and other data for the ventilator’s pneumatic components.
Table 2-1 Pneumatic component data
Component Data
Check valve, air intake, inlet Opens to draw in room air. Closes during oxygen delivery to reduce noise.
Check valve, air intake pressure relief
Check valve, cylinder inlet Opens during piston retraction to draw in room air and/or oxygen
Check valve, cylinder outlet Opens to deliver mixed gas to the patient
Check valve, exhalation Opens during exhalation to permit exhaled gas into the exhalation system.
Collector vial Collects moisture in the exhaled gas to keep water from occluding the
Exhalation valve Piloted by exhalation solenoid. Opened during exhalation (as required to
Filter, air intake 5 m retention
Filter, expiratory >0.3 m nominal (and larger) retention at flow of 100 L/min
Filter, inspiratory (main flow) >0.3 m nominal (and larger) retention at flow of 100 L/min
Filter, PEEP reservoir >0.3 m nominal (and larger) retention at a flow of 10 L/min
Fitting, oxygen (source) DISS (diameter index system standard) male. DISS female and male, NIST
Heater assembly, exhalation Two 10 W heaters that maintain temperature of exhalation assembly walls
Remains closed during normal operation. Opens at or below 5 cmH prevent excess pressure in the intake duct.
Prevents rebreathing.
expiratory filter or entering the exhalation system.
maintain PEEP/CPAP). Closed during inspiration.
(non-interchangeable screw thread), Air Liquide, Australian type, and Dräger oxygen hose kits available, using adapters as necessary.
above condensation point
O to
2
Piston/cylinder assembly (includes piston/cylinder, motor/ encoder, and optoswitches)
Pump, PEEP Supplies PEEP pilot pressure of 0 to 25 cmH
Regulator, oxygen Output of 33 5 psi (227.46 34.48 kPa) throughout supply pressure
Sensor, exhalation flow A mesh screen with pressure taps on both sides. Pressure drop across
Sensor, oxygen Measures percentage of oxygen in inspired gas (based on partial pressure
Solenoid, autozero, cylinder pressure transducer
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Includes a brushless DC motor. Can deliver up to 2 L nominal. Clearance of 50 m (0.002 in.) between piston and cylinder wall.
O
2
range of 40 to 90 psi (275 to 620 kPa) (no flow). Includes internal filter (5 m retention) and outlet filter (>30 m retention). Maximum 3 L/min
bleed.
screen monitored by a differential pressure transducer and used to determine flow.
of oxygen). Range: 18 to 103% oxygen.
Three-way
De-energized (closed): Except when transducer is autozeroed. Energized (opened): When transducer is autozeroed (upon power-on, once
a minute for first 10 minutes, then hourly).
2-5
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Table 2-1 Pneumatic component data (continued)
Component Data
Solenoid, autozero, exhalation pressure transducer
Solenoid, exhalation Three-way
Solenoid, safety valve Three-way
Solenoid assembly, oxygen (includes low- and high-flow solenoids, and orifices)
Switch, air intake filter A microswitch located in the air intake manifold, which is actuated when
Three-way.
De-energized (closed): During normal operation. Energized (opened): When transducer is autozeroed (upon power-on, once
a minute for first 10 minutes, then hourly).
De-energized: Pilots exhalation valve with PEEP pilot pressure. During exhalation.
Energized: Pilots exhalation valve with inspiration gas. During inspiration.
De-energized (opened): Under software control: Due to a ventilator
inoperative (VENT INOP) condition (including when pressure exceeds 92
O) and during POST. By dedicated circuit: at 115 cmH2O under
cmH
2
hardware control. Energized (closed): All other times.
High-flow solenoid: Two-way
Energized (opened): High oxygen flow requirements. De-energized (closed): Other times.
Low-flow solenoid: Two-way
Energized (opened): Low oxygen flow requirements. De-energized (closed): Other times.
an air intake filter is present.
Thermistor, inspiration manifold Measures inspiration gas temperature.
Thermistor assembly, exhalation Measures temperature of blanket heater.
Transducer, pressure, cylinder Measures cylinder pressure. On pressure solenoid PCB.
Transducer, pressure, exhalation flow sensor
Transducer, pressure, exhalation Measures pressure of exhaled gas. On pressure solenoid PCB.
Transducer, pressure, inspiration Measures inspiratory pressure and absolute atmospheric pressure. On
Transducer, pressure, oxygen regulator
Monitors pressures on both sides of flow sensor screen. Flow is determined from pressure drop. On pressure solenoid PCB.
pressure solenoid PCB.
Measures oxygen source pressure at oxygen solenoid assembly.
2-6
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
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Theory of operation 2
7-00243
Air intake check valve
Pressure relief check valve
Air intake filter
From
safety valve
To/from
piston/cylinder
assembly
.......................................................................................
2.2.1 Gas Inlet System Overview
The gas inlet system, shown in Figure 2-3 and Figure 2-4, entrains room air. It also delivers externally supplied oxygen to the ventilator and regulates the oxygen to a pressure usable by the ventilator.
Figure 2-3. Gas inlet system pneumatic diagram
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
2-7
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2 Theory of operation
Front view
Oxygen solenoid assembly
Oxygen
regulator
pressure
transducer
Oxygen regulator
Oxygen fitting
Air intake filter assembly
Bleed port
7-00260
Rear view
Oxygen regulator pressure transducer
Low-flow solenoid
High-flow
solenoid
Oxygen
solenoid
assembly
Mixing
manifold
Muffler
7-00261
.......................................................................................
2-8
Figure 2-4. Gas inlet system (1 of 2)
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Page 69
Theory of operation 2
Gas inlet system disassembled
Oxygen fitting
Oxygen
solenoid
assembly
Mixing manifold
Oxygen
regulator
pressure
transducer
Oxygen regulator
Pressure tap
7-00262
Location of gas inlet system
7-00263
.......................................................................................
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 2-4. Gas inlet system (2 of 2)
2-9
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2 Theory of operation
Warning
.......................................................................................
2.2.1.1 Gas inlet system components
The gas inlet system includes the components described below; these are shown in Figure 2-5.
•The air intake cover holds the air intake filter element in place and protects it
from contact with liquids.
•The air intake filter, mounted just inside the ventilator cabinet, captures
airborne particles as small as 5 m. The filter is replaced every 1000 hours, or more often as necessary.
•The air intake manifold provides an intake for the mixing manifold. It has an
outlet, which provides a filtered path to atmosphere for the piston/cylinder. It also provides a vent for the safety valve. An inlet check valve opens to allow room air intake, and closes to dampen noise during the oxygen mixing process. A relief check valve relieves any excess pressure in the intake duct.
•The oxygen fitting and hose connect an external oxygen source (wall or
cylinder) to the ventilator. The choice of available oxygen fittings supports use of female DISS (diameter index system standard), male DISS, NIST (non­interchangeable screw thread), Air Liquide, Australian type, and Dräger hose assemblies.
To ensure adequate oxygen delivery to the patient, use Nellcor Puritan Bennett­supplied oxygen hoses only. Use of other oxygen hoses could result in inadequate or inappropriate oxygen pressures or leaks at the oxygen inlet.
The oxygen solenoid assembly is a field-replaceable unit (FRU). This assembly includes the high- and low-flow solenoids, and does not include the oxygen regulator pressure transducer. Calibration data specific to each solenoid assembly is recorded in NVRAM; this data must be updated when a new assembly is installed.
•The oxygen regulator is a FRU, which is replaced every 15,000 hours. The oxygen regulator assembly does not include the oxygen regulator pressure transducer.
The oxygen regulator is a self-relieving regulator that maintains a stable output pressure of 33 5 psi (227.46 34.48 kPa) throughout the supply pressure range of 40 to 90 psi (275 to 620 kPa) under no-flow conditions. It is factory-calibrated to obtain 150 L/min STPD through the high-flow orifice. Performing a Reg altitude calib (Section 4.2.3.2.2) at high altitudes decreases this pressure to a level appropriate for the altitude at which the calibration is performed.
A sintered bronze 5-m filter inside the regulator prevents particles from entering. A stainless steel screen outlet filter removes particles of 30 (m) or larger from the regulated oxygen.
A bleed of up to 3 L/min improves the regulator’s performance and response time at low flow rates. The regulator’s vent is directed outside the ventilator to prevent a buildup of oxygen inside the ventilator.
2-10
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
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Theory of operation 2
Warning
.......................................................................................
Due to excessive restriction of the Air Liquide, Dräger, and Australian hose assemblies, reduced FIO (345 kPa) are employed. Make sure oxygen inlet pressure is 50 psi (345 kPa) when using these hose assemblies, to maintain correct FIO
NOTE:
To prevent depletion of oxygen supply, disconnect oxygen from ventilator when oxygen is not in use. Any time oxygen is connected, whether or not an oxygen­enriched patient mixture is selected, the oxygen regulator bleeds up to 3 L/min.
The regulator has a pressure tap to permit the attachment of a fixture for oxygen regulator pressure transducer calibration.
The regulator has a pressure drop of 6 to 7 psig when the high-flow oxygen solenoid is energized (at 150 sL/min).
•The oxygen solenoid assembly includes two two-way solenoids and two critical
flow orifices. Whenever the ventilator is set for an oxygen concentration greater than 21%, these solenoids/orifices deliver oxygen to the mixing manifold. Only one of these solenoids is energized with each breath. The larger (high-flow) solenoid and orifice can deliver higher flows, while the smaller (low-flow) solenoid and orifice can deliver lower flows. For more information about the oxygen solenoids and oxygen mixing, see Section 2.6.4.
levels may result when oxygen inlet pressures< 50 psi
2
levels.
2
•The oxygen regulator pressure transducer measures the oxygen pressure at the
oxygen solenoid assembly. These oxygen pressure measurements are used to monitor the oxygen source pressure to verify its adequacy and to calculate the flow from the orifices. If the oxygen pressure reading drops below a threshhold level (determined by real-time atmospheric pressure measurements) for two consecutive breaths, or if oxygen flow from the high-flow orifice drops below 100 L/min for two consecutive breaths, the ventilator invokes a low oxygen supply alarm.
Filtered room air and the precisely controlled oxygen flow pass through the
mixing manifold. This chamber has a muffler, which dampens the sound of the mixing gases. An upgraded acoustic enhancement kit is available that replaces the phase one kit (p/n G-062027-00.) The new kit contains improvements to the oxygen solenoid assembly and the oxygen mixing system which reduce the sound level of the ventilator’s normal operation. When performing a complete acoustic upgrade, order the required acoustic kit and an air intake manifold assembly. If the ventilator was shipped after November 1998, or if a phase one acoustic kit was installed previously, a new manifold is not required. See Table 9-2 for ordering information. If you are installing the acoustic enhancement kit, you also need to install the following assemblies:
• Oxygen Solenoid Assembly (See Section 8.7.1 and Section 8.7.2)
• Mixing Manifold Assembly (See Section 8.7.1 and Section 8.7.2)
• Inspiration Access Panel Kit (See Section 8.6.6)
•Regulator Grounding Harness
• Air Intake Manifold Assembly (See Section 8.6.6)
2-11
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2 Theory of operation
Air intake filter assembly
Manifold
Filter
Cover
Pressure relief check valve (white housing)
Air intake check valve (blue housing)
7-00264
Oxygen fitting
7-00026
Oxygen hose assembly
7-00027
.......................................................................................
2.2.1.2 System operation
During piston retraction, oxygen and/or room air are drawn into the cylinder. If oxygen enrichment is selected, oxygen from an external source is regulated, then supplied by either the low- or high-flow solenoid/orifice. Room air to be used in the mixture is drawn in through the air intake filter. The gases pass through the mixing manifold, which dampens the sound of the gases. The gas displaced by piston movement is vented through the air intake filter also.
During gas delivery, the oxygen system is pressurized, but there is no flow, as the oxygen solenoids are de-energized (closed).
2-12
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Figure 2-5. Gas inlet system components (1 of 2)
Page 73
Theory of operation 2
Oxygen solenoid assembly
Low-flow
High-flow solenoid
solenoid
7-00242
Oxygen regulator
Pressure tap
Bleed port
7-00230
Oxygen regulator pressure transducer
7-00228
Mixing manifold
(side away from cylinder)
Mixing manifold
(side away from cylinder)
7-00030
Mixing manifold
(side toward cylinder)
Mixing manifold
(side toward cylinder)
7-00031
.......................................................................................
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 2-5. Gas inlet system components (Sheet 2 of 2)
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2 Theory of operation
Piston/cylinder assembly
Inlet check valve
From mixing manifold
Outlet check valve
Motor/
encoder
Exhaust port
To
cylinder pressure
transducer
To inspiration manifold
To air intake manifold
Cylinder pressure
transducer
autozero solenoid
7-00032
.......................................................................................
2.2.2 Piston/cylinder system
The piston/cylinder system, shown in Figure 2-6 and Figure 2-7, draws gas from the gas inlet system for delivery to the patient. See Section 2.5 for an integrated description of how the piston/cylinder works in conjunction with the electronics.
2-14
Figure 2-6. Piston/cylinder system pneumatic diagram
2.2.2.1 Component descriptions
The piston/cylinder system includes the components described below; these are shown in Figure 2-7 and Figure 2-8.
Gas is delivered to the patient by an aluminum piston/cylinder. The piston, inside a cylinder, moves backward and forward to draw in and expel gas. The piston/cylinder is connected via a rack and pinion to a motor/encoder. The motor moves the piston as directed by the electronics, while feedback from the encoder is used to monitor the piston’s position.
The piston is mounted on a shaft, which rides on precision linear bearings at each end of the cylinder. The shaft has a rack gear profile. It mates with a pinion gear attached to the motor shaft (Figure 2-9). When the motor speed and direction change, the piston also changes speed and direction. An interrupter flag located on the rack helps confirm piston position limits, in conjunction with two optoswitches. The piston/cylinder can deliver up to 2 L gas per breath.
An important element of this piston-based pneumatic system is that no contact
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
occurs between the piston and cylinder wall. The piston/cylinder has no seal;
Page 75
Theory of operation 2
.......................................................................................
instead, there is a minute gap of 50 5 m (0.002 in.) between the two. This gap is approximately the thickness of a thin sheet of paper.
Because the piston does not contact the cylinder, there is a continuous, measurable leak while the piston/cylinder is pressurized. To compensate for this "calibrated leak," the piston moves continuously within the cylinder. But, because the piston and cylinder have no contact, friction between the piston and cylinder is eliminated, resulting in reduced wear of piston/cylinder assembly parts, reduced electrical requirements, and enhanced responsiveness.
The piston/cylinder gap is maintained at all possible piston positions. Each new piston/cylinder assembly comes with several calibration constants specific to that particular assembly. These constants represent the gaps at various points corresponding to different piston positions. This data must be entered into NVRAM when a new assembly is installed.
Optoswitches are read by the motor controller circuit for piston initialization
purposes during POST and for fault detection purposes during ventilation. An optoswitch is closed when the rack flag breaks the infrared light beam (Figure 2-9).
•The motor/encoder is an FRU composed of an optical encoder attached to a brushless DC motor.
The high-torque, direct-drive motor controls piston movement, under direction of the motor controller circuit on the controller PCB and the motor drive circuit on the BBU PCB. Three rotations of the motor shaft correspond to a 2.6 L volume displacement.
The optical encoder, on top of the motor, along with the motor controller circuit (on the controller PCB), monitors the motor position (Figure 2-10). The optical encoder incorporates an emitter section, two codewheels, and a detector section. Each codewheel has a pattern photographically plated on it. As the motor shaft revolves, the codewheels rotate with respect to the emitter and photodetector sections, causing the light beam to be interrupted by the pattern of spaces and bars on the codewheels. The detectors are positioned such that a light period on one photodetector corresponds to a dark period on the other photodetector. The optical encoder was designed so the final outputs from the two photodetectors (channels) are in quadrature with each other (90 degrees out of phase). Using the photodetector outputs, a decoder in the motor controller circuit tallies "quadcounts" and can determine the piston’s direction and speed.
•The cylinder inlet and outlet check valves are one-way valves located at the end of the piston/cylinder. The inlet check valve opens to let mixed gas fill the cylinder during piston retraction; it seals to prevent the cylinder contents from escaping through the gas inlet system during gas delivery. The outlet check valve lets gas exit the cylinder during gas delivery; it seals during piston retraction. The inlet check valve has a translucent (clear) leaf in a white housing, while the outlet check valve has a translucent (clear) leaf in an blue housing.
•The cylinder pressure transducer (on the pressure solenoid PCB), a gauge type, measures the cylinder pressure. The ventilator uses these cylinder pressure readings in various calculations, including cylinder leak, compliance compensation, during oxygen mixing, atmospheric pressure, and PEEP maintenance. The transducer is autozeroed via an autozero solenoid (see below).
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
2-15
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2 Theory of operation
.......................................................................................
•The cylinder pressure transducer autozero solenoid is a three-way valve. It
autozeroes the transducer at power-on, once a minute for the first 10 minutes, and hourly thereafter. The transducer is autozeroed by venting to atmosphere. A muffler reduces the noise from the venting gas.
2.2.2.2 Operational description of piston/cylinder system
During piston retraction, the piston draws air and/or oxygen into the cylinder through the opened inlet check valve. The optical encoder (part of the motor/ encoder) reports to the motor controller circuit the motor shaft position. The motor controller circuit, in turn, determines the piston position and velocity. The retraction velocity is controlled to draw in 150 L/min nominal. Gas behind the piston (mostly room air) is vented through the air intake filter to atmosphere.
During gas delivery, the motor drives the piston forward as required to meet the ventilator settings and patient effort. The gas flows through the opened outlet check valve and the inspiration manifold toward the patient.
At power on, POST verifies the piston’s return, home, and full-stroke positions (Section 2.6.1). For a complete, sequential description of breath delivery, see Section 2.6.
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Theory of operation 2
Motor/encoder
Piston/ cylinder
Optoswitches
Cylinder pressure transducer autozero solenoid
Front view
7-00033
Side view
Inlet check valve (translucent leaf/
Outlet check valve (translucent leaf/blue
white housing)
housing)
7-00034
Piston/cylinder system installed
Piston/ cylinder system
7-00035
.......................................................................................
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 2-7. Piston/cylinder system
2-17
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2 Theory of operation
Piston/cylinder assembly
7-00036
Motor
Encoder
Pinion
Motor/encoder assembly
gear
7-00037
Cylinder pressure transducer
autozero solenoid
7-00038
.......................................................................................
2-18
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Figure 2-8. Piston/cylinder system components (1 of 2)
Page 79
Theory of operation 2
Cylinder outlet check valve
(blue housing)
7-00040
Cylinder inlet check valve
(white housing)
7-00039
O
p
t
o
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
E
n
d
o
p
t
o
s
w
i
t
c
h
H
o
m
e
o
p
t
o
s
w
it
c
h
NOTE: The home and end optoswitches are identical
(P/N G-061255-00)
7-00041
Optoswitches installed
Optoswitches installed
7-00035
.......................................................................................
Piston/cylinder system components (Sheet 1 of 2)
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 2-8. Piston/cylinder system components (2 of 2)
2-19
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2 Theory of operation
Optoswitch
Flag
Rack
Pinion gear
7-00043
Decoder
Codewheel B
Codewheel A
Direction of travel
Velocity of travel
CH. A
CH. B
Emitter section
Ch. B
detector
Ch. A
detector
Reverse
CH. A
CH. B
Quadrature
pulses
Velocity =
number of quadrature pulses
time period
CH. A
CH. B
Forward
7-00044
.......................................................................................
Figure 2-9. Motor/encoder pinion gear and rack
2-20
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Figure 2-10. Operation of optical encoder
Page 81
Theory of operation 2
Thermistor
To air intake filter
Safety valve
Oxygen
sensor
Exhalation
solenoid
From outlet check valve
To
inspiratory
filter
To
exhalation
valve
From PEEP reservoir
7-00045
.......................................................................................
2.2.3 Inspiration manifold system
The inspiration manifold system, shown in Figure 2-11 and Figure 2-12, provides a conduit between the cylinder and ventilator. It also senses the temperature and oxygen percentage of the delivered gas. It includes a safety valve to vent excessive pressure. It includes a pressure tap for the inspiration pressure transducer.
Figure 2-11. Inspiration manifold system pneumatic diagram
2.2.3.1 Component descriptions
The inspiration manifold system includes the components described below; these are shown in Figure 2-13.
•The inspiration manifold provides a conduit between the cylinder and ventilator outlet. A tap in the manifold connects to the inspiration pressure transducer (on the pressure solenoid PCB). The exhalation valve port permits pressure to be supplied to the exhalation valve (via the exhalation solenoid) during inspiration. The inspiration port permits gas delivery (through a silicone tube) to the ventilator outlet. The inspiration port incorporates a 22-mm ISO male conical connector for attachment of the inspiration filter and inspiration limb of the patient tubing system.
•The oxygen sensor is a galvanic sensor that measures the percentage of oxygen delivered from the cylinder. It produces a voltage proportional to the partial pressure of oxygen in the delivered gas. The sensor is accurate to ± 3% of the reading. For ventilators equipped with software revision H or later, the % O displayed if no alarm is active and the display of the oxygen sensor reading is enabled. The ventilator alarms if the sensed oxygen percentage is not within ± 10 percentage points of the setting.
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
•The inspiration manifold thermistor measures the inspiration gas temperature; this data is used in breath delivery calculations and oxygen percentage correction.
2
is
2-21
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2 Theory of operation
.......................................................................................
•The inspiration pressure transducer (on the pressure solenoid PCB), an
absolute type, measures pressure at the inspiration manifold. When made with the safety valve open, this pressure reading is used to calculate atmospheric pressure. The calculated inspiration pressure value is a function of the inspiration pressure transducer reading minus the atmospheric pressure.
•The exhalation Positive End Expiratory Pressure/Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (PEEP/CPAP) solenoid is a three-way valve that selects the pneumatic source for piloting the exhalation valve. The solenoid is energized during all inspirations to provide exhalation valve pilot pressure via the inspiration manifold. When de-energized (during exhalation), the valve uses the pressure from the PEEP pump as its pilot source.
•The safety valve functions primarily to relieve overpressure in case of ventilator failure or an occlusion, and to allow patient breathing in case of total ventilator failure, such as complete loss of power. It has other functions; these are detailed in Section 2.8.3. The normally open valve is opened either under software control or via a dedicated circuit, as a backup.
The safety valve includes a solenoid actuator that is normally energized (closed) while the ventilator operates. The closed valve prevents gas from escaping to the room and thus allows the ventilator to deliver gas through the inspiration manifold to the patient. When the solenoid is de-energized, and the safety valve poppet lifts open via the return spring, opening the ventilator breathing circuit to atmosphere.
2.2.3.2 Operational description
During the breath delivery phase, mixed gas from the cylinder flows through the inspiration manifold toward the patient. This inspiration gas also flows through the exhalation solenoid; this gas pressure pilots the exhalation valve closed during inspiration.
During exhalation, the exhalation solenoid routes PEEP pilot pressure to pilot the exhalation valve open as necessary to maintain PEEP.
If the software places the ventilator into the safety valve open (SVO) state (for example, if system pressure exceeds 92 cmH pressure exceeds 115 cmH can then breathe room air. See Section 2.8 for a description of the SVO state.
O, the safety valve solenoid is de-energized. The patient
2
O) or if either the cylinder or patient
2
2-22
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Page 83
Theory of operation 2
Inspiration manifold assembly disassembled
Thermistor
Inspiration
manifold
Oxygen
sensor
Poppet
assembly
Safety valve solenoid
7-00235
Location of inspiration manifold
Inspiration manifold assembly
7-00241
.......................................................................................
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 2-12. Inspiration manifold system
2-23
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2 Theory of operation
Thermistor port
Exhalation valve port
Pressure tap (to inspiration pressure transducer)
Inspiration port
Inspiration manifold
7-00042
Oxygen sensor
7-00222
Oxygen sensor in adapter
7-00233
Exhalation solenoid
7-00088
.......................................................................................
2-24
Figure 2-13. Inspiration manifold system components (1 of 2)
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Page 85
Theory of operation 2
Safety valve
7-00089
Safety valve poppet
assembly (open)
7-00090
Safety valve poppet
assembly (closed)
7-00091
.......................................................................................
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 2-13. Inspiration manifold system components (2 of 2)
2.2.4 Patient system
The patient system, shown in Figure 2-14, includes those "external" components that carry gas from the ventilator to the patient, control patient ventilation, and isolate the ventilator from the patient with bacteria filters. The patient system also heats and humidifies delivered gas if a humidification device is installed.
The patient system includes the components described below; these are shown in Figure 2-15. For information on the patient tubing circuits offered by Nellcor Puritan Bennett, consult the product catalog.
2-25
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2 Theory of operation
Inspiratory filter
To exhalation
check valve
Expiratory filter
To patient
Collector
From
inspiration
manifold
vial
7-00092
.......................................................................................
Figure 2-14. Patient system pneumatic diagram
•The inspiratory (main flow) filter (the Nellcor Puritan Bennett D/Flex or Re/Flex Filter) helps protect the patient from contamination by the gas supplies, and helps protect the ventilator from contamination by the patient system. The filter captures particles of 0.3 m nominal and larger at a flow of 100 L/min with
99.97% efficiency. It has 22-mm ISO conical connections.
•The ventilator breathing circuit provides a conduit for gas flowing between the ventilator and patient. It is composed of two smooth-bore "flex" tubes, the inspiration and exhalation tubes. The inspiration tube carries gas from the ventilator to the patient, while the exhalation tube carries exhaled gas from the patient to the ventilator.
•The humidification device moistens the gas delivered to the patient so it more closely approximates gas inspired through the nasal passages.
•The collector vial collects moisture in the exhaled gas to help keep water out of the exhalation system, in particular the expiratory filter.
•The expiratory filter helps prevent bacteria in the patient’s exhaled gas from being vented to room air and reduces cross-contamination of the ventilator. The filter captures particles of 0.3 m nominal and larger at a flow of 100 L/min with
99.97% efficiency. It has 22-mm ISO conical connections.
Exhaled gas flows in through the filter’s center, then through the hydrophobic paper toward the filter’s sides, and out the filter outlet. Liquid water drains into the collector vial.
2-26
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
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Theory of operation 2
Expiratory filter
7-00093
Inspiratory filter
7-00094
Collector vial
7-00095
Humidification device
7-00096
Ventilator breathing circuit
7-00097
.......................................................................................
Figure 2-15. Patient system components
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
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2 Theory of operation
Heater assembly
Exhalation check valve
Exhalation
pressure transducer
autozero solenoid
From
expiratory
filter
From exhalation
solenoid
Exhalation flow sensor
Exhalation valve
Thermistor assembly
7-00098
.......................................................................................
2.2.5 Exhalation system
The exhalation system, shown in Figure 2-16 and Figure 2-17, controls and monitors the flow of the patient’s exhaled gas.
2-28
Figure 2-16. Exhalation system pneumatic diagram
2.2.5.1 Component descriptions
The exhalation assembly includes these components; these are shown in Figure 2-18.
•The expiratory filter housing retains the expiratory filter.
•The exhalation check valve is a one-way device that prevents the patient from rebreathing exhaled gas. It is opened by the pressure of exhaled gas, resulting in exhaled gas flowing through the exhalation system. When the patient stops exhaling, the valve closes.
•The exhalation pressure transducer (on the pressure solenoid PCB), a gauge type, measures the exhalation system pressure. The ventilator uses these exhalation pressure readings in its breath delivery calculations. The transducer is autozeroed via an autozero solenoid (see below).
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
•The exhalation pressure transducer autozero solenoid is a two-way valve. It autozeroes the transducer at power-on, once a minute for the first 10 minutes, and hourly thereafter. The transducer is autozeroed by venting to atmosphere. A muffler reduces noise and filters the venting gas.
The blanket-type exhalation heater assembly contains two 10 W heaters that wrap around exhalation system tubing. One is located just before the exhalation valve. The other is located at the exhalation flow sensor. The heaters maintain the temperature of the exhalation assembly above the condensation point to prevent “rain-out” in the exhalation assembly.
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Theory of operation 2
Exhalation pressure transducer autozero solenoid
Expiratory filter
Exhalation system
Exhalation check valve assembly
Exhalation flow sensor assembly
Exhalation valve assembly
housing
7-00099
Exhalation
Location of exhalation system
system
7-00100
.......................................................................................
•The exhalation thermistor assembly provides the electronics with temperature
feedback. An analog circuit regulates the current to the heater assembly accordingly to maintain the heater at 50 during exhalation. Feedback from one thermistor, which is in contact with the cross tube heater, is used to control the temperature to both heaters. The second thermistor, which is in contact with the exhalation flow sensor housing, provides a backup to monitor the heater temperature.
•The exhalation valve assembly, a pneumatically actuated valve, closes during
inspiration to prevent delivered gas from venting to the atmosphere. During exhalation, it opens sufficiently to maintain the operator-selected PEEP. The exhalation valve is piloted by the exhalation solenoid (in the PEEP system). The valve has an area ratio of 1.4:1. For example, if the PEEP system provides a pilot pressure of 10 cmH
O, then the patient must produce a pressure of 14 cmH2O to
2
open the valve. At circuit pressures below PEEP, the valve remains closed; at pressures higher than PEEP, the valve is opened.
•The exhalation flow sensor provides flow information on a patient’s exhaled
gas. The sensor is actually a fine mesh screen with pressure taps on both sides. The pressure taps connect to a differential pressure transducer on the pressure solenoid PCB. Because the flow across the screen is proportional to the pressure drop across it, the electronics can use these pressure measurements to determine exhaled flow.
o
C, thereby eliminating condensation
•The exhalation flow sensor pressure transducer (on the pressure solenoid
PCB), a differential type, monitors the exhaled flow. The transducer works in conjunction with the exhalation flow sensor, described above.
Figure 2-17. Exhalation system
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
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2 Theory of operation
Expiratory filter housing
7-00101
Exhalation check valve assembly
Exhalation pressure transducer port
7-00102
Exhalation pressure transducer
autozero solenoid
7-00103
Exhalation check valve assembly
Knob pointed up
disassembled
7-00104
Exhalation heater assembly with retaining clips
Cross tube heater and clip
Flow sensor heater and clip
7-00105
.......................................................................................
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700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Figure 2-18. Exhalation system components (1 of 2)
Page 91
Theory of operation 2
Exhalation thermistor assembly
7-00107
Exhalation valve assembly
7-00106
Exhalation flow sensor
with tube assembly
7-00108
.......................................................................................
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 2-18. Exhalation system components (2 of 2)
2.2.5.2 Operational description
During exhalation, patient gas enters the exhalation system through the expiratory filter. The pressure of the exhaled gas causes the check valve to open. The gas then flows toward the opened exhalation valve. (The valve was opened by the exhalation solenoid, sufficiently to maintain the operator-selected PEEP.) The exhaled gas flows through the opened valve and is vented through the ventilator outlet.
Heaters heat the exhalation assembly walls to minimize moisture in the assembly, while thermistors provide the ventilator with temperature feedback. The exhalation flow sensor and pressure transducer provide readings used in breath delivery calculations.
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2 Theory of operation
PEEP pump
To exhalation system
Jet venturi
Filter
PEEP reservoir
7-00110
restrictor
.......................................................................................
2.2.6 PEEP/CPAP system
The PEEP/CPAP system, shown in Figure 2-19 and Figure 2-20, regulates pressure to the exhalation valve as required to maintain PEEP/CPAP during exhalation.
Figure 2-19. PEEP/CPAP system pneumatic diagram
2.2.6.1 Component descriptions
The PEEP/CPAP system includes these components; these are shown in Figure 2-21.
•The filter removes particles of 0.3 m nominal from the air to be compressed by the PEEP pump.
•The PEEP reservoir has three chambers. Air is drawn into the chamber 1, and from there into the PEEP pump. This chamber reduces pump noise. Air compressed by the pump is then forced into chamber 2, which reduces pressure fluctuations. Air exits chamber 2 through a jet venturi, which drops the pressure to the desired PEEP/CPAP pilot pressure. Chamber 3 acts like a capacitor, reducing pressure fluctuations and preventing PEEP undershoot.
•The PEEP pump, a vibrating-armature pump, generates PEEP/CPAP pilot pressure. Gas compressed by the PEEP pump fills a reservoir. The pump is controlled by pulse-width modulating the pump drive voltage.
2.2.6.2 System operation
If PEEP is selected, the pump is turned on, drawing room air through the filter, into the reservoir, and toward the pump. The pump compresses the air as required to supply PEEP requirements. The compressed gas is then drawn into a separate chamber of the reservoir. This gas exits through a jet venturi, which reduces the pressure to the desired PEEP/CPAP pilot pressure. It then enters a final chamber, which provides further damping of pressure oscillations. During exhalation, the gas
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700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Page 93
Theory of operation 2
PEEP/CPAP system
Tubes crossed
PEEP reservoir
PEEP pump
Filter
7-00111
Location of PEEP/CPAP system
PEEP/CPAP system
7-00112
.......................................................................................
flows through the de-energized exhalation solenoid, which pilots the exhalation valve open as required. During inspiration, the pump remains on, but the exhalation valve is piloted by the inspiratory pressure, not PEEP pilot pressure.
Feedback from the exhalation pressure transducer helps the ventilator maintain the PEEP/CPAP at the selected value. Even with a ventilator breathing circuit leak of up to 10 L/min, PEEP/CPAP can be maintained. The ventilator compensates by adjusting the piston/cylinder output.
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 2-20. PEEP/CPAP system
2-33
Page 94
2 Theory of operation
PEEP reservoir
To pump inlet
From pump outlet
7-00113
To exhalation solenoid
Outlet
Inlet
PEEP pump
7-00114
Filter
7-00115
.......................................................................................
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700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Figure 2-21. PEEP/CPAP system components
Page 95
Theory of operation 2
Main ventilator head harness
7-00116
Main ventilator head harness installed
7-00124
.......................................................................................
2.3 Electrical system
The 700 Series Ventilator System electrical system includes the following:
Power assembly, including power input components, the power supply, the battery backup (BBU) PCB, and the power assembly fan
Internal battery
External battery
Pressure solenoid PCB
Controller PCB
User interface, including the user interface PCB, the keyboard, and the knob/ encoder
Miscellaneous parts including the speaker, piezo alarm, main fan, air flow thermistor assembly, and air intake manifold sensor
Communications option assembly if the Communicatons option is installed in the ventilator
The ventilator head harness (Figure 2-22) interconnects many of these parts. Interrelationship of components is illustrated in Figure 2-23. For a discussion of electropneumatic parts, or electrical parts used in close conjunction with pneumatic parts, see Section 2.2. For wiring details, see Figure 2-24.
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Figure 2-22. Main ventilator head harness
2-35
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2 Theory of operation
7-00117B
lCDs:
-BAR GRAPH
-KEY CONFIRMATION
-VENTILATOR STATUS
DECODER/
QUADRATURE
PEEP DRIVE
CIRCUIT
POWER INPUT
COMPONENTS
POWER
SUPPLY
INTERNAL
BATTERY
EXTERNAL
BATTERY
BBU PCB
BATTERY
CHARGER
CIRCUIT
BATTERY BACKUP CIRCUIT
VOLT/TEMP
MONITOR
MOTOR DRIVE
CIRCUIT
UI PCB
4 X 20 LCD
(MESSAGE
WINDOW)
LCDs (12)
(WINDOWS)
KNOB/
ENCODER
KEYBOARD
CONTROLLER PCB
I/O
REGISTERS
VENTILATOR
INOPERATIVE
CIRCUIT
KEYBOARD
CONTROLLER
CPU AND
MEMORY
NVRAM
MOTOR
CONTROLLER
CIRCUIT
CPU AND
MEMORY
EXTERNAL
WATCHDOG
CIRCUIT
REAL-TIME
CLOCK
REAL-TIME
CLOCK
SERIAL COMM
PORT
OPTOSWITCH
CIRCUIT
BD SIDE
UI SIDE
OXYGEN
PERCENTAGE
SENSOR
OXYGEN
PRESS
TRANSDUCER
PRESSURE SOLENOID PCB
PRESS
TRANSDUCER/
CIRCUIT
INTERFACE
SOLENOIDS:
-OXYGEN
-EXH PRESS AUTOZERO
TRANSDUCER
-CYLINDER PRESS AUTOZERO
TRANSDUCER
-EXH PILOT CONTROL
SOLENOID
DRIVE
CIRCUIT
THERMISTOR/
INTERFACE
CIRCUIT
THERMISTORS:
-INSP
-MANIFOLD
-AIR FLOW
-EXH ASSY
SAFETY
VALVE
SOLENOID
OPTOSWITCHES
SAFETY
VALVE
CIRCUIT
TACHOMETER
CIRCUIT
ALARM DRIVE
CIRCUIT
SERIAL
EPROM
HEATERS
HEATER
CIRCUIT
FAN CIRCUIT
PEEP PUMP
FAN
+24 V
+24 V
+24 V
+24 V
COMMUNICATIONS
OPTION PANEL
(IF OPTION INSTALLED)
MOTOR/
ENCODER
BACKUP ALARM
DRIVER CIRCUIT
.......................................................................................
2-36
Figure 2-23. 700 Series Ventilator System block diagram
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Page 97
Theory of operation 2
CONTROLLER
90-PIN
EURODIN
40-PIN
J9
G-060514-00
J2
14-PIN
To user
interface
Exhalation
solenoid
Main
fan
PEEP
pump
Motor/
encoder
Exhalation
pressure
transducer
autozero
solenoid
J4
J1
PRESSURE
SOLENOID PCB
Cylinder
pressure
transducer
autozero
solenoid
Oxygen
regulator
End
optoswitch
Home
optoswitch
Safety
valve
5-PIN
60-PIN
J1
16-PIN
J2
LCD PCB
USER
16-PIN
J3
INTERFACE PCB
G-060514-00
To
ventilator
head
G-060846-00
Grommet
UI/ventilator
head
cable assy
G-060100-00
To BBU PCB J7
To
controller
PCB J4
J4
Rotary
encoder
To BBU PCB J5
Oxygen
sensor
Air flow
thermistor
Inspiration
thermistor
G-060104-00
Main
Piezo alarm
Speaker
VENTILATOR HEAD
To
exhalation
thermistor assy
To
exhalation
heater assy
Air intake
manifold
50-PIN
J1
To keyboard
J4
Oxygen
regulator
pressure
transducer
J10
- - +
ventilator
head
harness
Air intake
filter switch
SERIAL PORT
PCB
To user
interface PCB
J1
26-PIN
J2
26-PIN
J1
4-PIN
J2
3-PIN
J3
3-PIN
J4
SERIAL PORT
SERIAL PORT
COMMUNICATIONS
OPTION PCB
To remote alarm
To EasyNeb
G-061777-00
G-061780-00
Nurse call port
G-061779-00
Backup alarm driver PCB
.......................................................................................
7-0018B
Figure 2-24. Wiring diagram (1 of 2)
2-37
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
Page 98
2 Theory of operation
REAR WALL
G-060846-00
Grommet
BBU PCB
40-PIN
J7
Power supply fan
G-060116-00
RED
BLK
G-060111-00
Power
Circuit
Line
BLU & BRN
BRN
G-060110-00
G-061086-00
G-060110-00
G-060117-00
G-060830-00
G-060113-00
G-060829-00
GRN/YEL
POWER SUPPLY
VIEW FROM REAR
BLU
GRN/YEL
BLU
BLKBLU BRN
REDBLU BRN
Terminal
J2
INT BAT J6
RED (1)
RED (2)
BLK (2)
External battery
INTERNAL BATTERY COMPARTMENT
To
motor/encoder
To
controller PCB
F1
10A
Supply
J1
Power switch
Motor
J5
J3
block
Terminal
block
Power
switch
Circuit
breaker
BRN BRN
BRN BLU
Internal battery
INT
BAT
EXT
BAT
J4
Power
supply
fan
switch
filter
breaker
Power supply
BLU
BLU
BRN
RED (3)
GRN/YEL
Line
filter
BLK (3)
BLK (3)
F6
15A
7-00119
RED
BLK
.......................................................................................
Figure 2-24. Wiring diagram (2 of 2)
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700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
Page 99
Theory of operation 2
Power supply fan
Baffle
BBU PCB
Power supply
Side view
BBU PCB/ ventilator head harness
7-00125
Circuit breaker
Potential equalization
External battery
Line filter
Power switch
connector
Front view
(power input components)
connector
7-00126
.......................................................................................
2.3.1 Power assembly
As illustrated in Figure 2-25, the power assembly includes power input components, the BBU PCB, and a recirculating fan. The harnesses shown in Figure 2-26 interconnect the parts of the power assembly. The ventilator head/power supply harness (Figure 2-27) connects the power assembly to the rest of the ventilator.
Figure 2-25. Power assembly (1 of 2)
G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09) 700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual
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Page 100
2 Theory of operation
Rear view
BBU PCB/ ventilator head harness (to
7-00127
controller PCB)
Power assembly
pulled out
7-00128
.......................................................................................
2-40
Figure 2-25. Power assembly (2 of 2)
700 Series Ventilator System Service Manual G-061875-00 Rev. B (10/09)
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