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powersoft_K Series_uguide_en_v2.3
© 2012 Powersof t
Powersoft S.r.l. • Via Enrico Conti, 5 • 50018 Scandicci (FI) • Italy
+39 055 735 0230 • sales@powersoft.it • www.powersoft-audio.com
K Series ampliers
User Guide v 2.3
DO000044 REV 02
November 2012
K2 / K2 DSP + AESOP
K3 / K3 DSP + AESOP
K6 / K6 DSP + AESOP
K8 / K8 DSP + AESOP
K10 / K10 DSP + AESOP
K20 / K20 DSP + AESOP
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Intentionally left blank
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powersoft_K Series_uguide_en_v2.3
© 2012 Powersof t
Powersoft S.r.l. • Via Enrico Conti, 5 • 50018 Scandicci (FI) • Italy
+39 055 735 0230 • sales@powersoft.it • www.powersoft-audio.com
1 Warnings. ........................................5
1.1 Impor tant Safety Instructions . ......................5
1.2 Approvals . .......................................5
1.3 Warning Notices ..................................6
1.3.1 Location. ....................................6
1.3.2 Precautions Regarding Installation. ..............6
1.4 Safety Rules . .....................................6
1.5 Speaker Damage ..................................6
1.6 Speaker Output Shock Hazard . ....................7
2 Front and Rear Panel Reference Figures. ...............8
3 Welcome. .......................................11
3.1 Introduction .....................................11
3.2 The K Series .....................................11
3.3 More sound and less weight . ......................11
3.4 The Show Always Goes On . ......................11
4 Installation.......................................11
4.1 Unpacking .......................................11
4.2 Mounting . ......................................11
4.3 Cooling . ........................................11
4.4 Operating Precautions ............................12
4.5 Grounding . .....................................12
4.6 AC Mains connection .............................12
5 Connections and Operation. .......................12
5.1 Connecting Audio Inputs . ........................13
5.1.1 Analog Connection...........................13
5.1.2 AES/EBU Connection. .......................13
5.2 Connecting Audio Outputs . ......................14
5.3 Internal Signal Path Polarity . .......................14
5.4 Remote Control Connection . .....................15
5.4.1 V Ext. ......................................15
5.4.2 Serial Connection............................15
5.4.3 Ethernet Connection.........................15
5.5 Amplier Setup and Settings . .....................16
5.5.1 Introduction. ...............................16
5.5.2 The main screen and the LED bars.............16
5.6 Front Panel Buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
6 The main menu. ..................................17
7 Amplier Settings. ................................20
7.1 Output attenuation . .............................20
7.2 Input Gain/Sensitivity . ............................20
7.3 Input select ......................................20
7.4 Max output voltage . .............................20
7.5 Max mains current . ..............................21
7.6 Clip Limiter CH1 - CH2 ...........................21
7.7 Gate CH1 - CH2 .................................21
7.8 Mute At Power On ...............................21
7.9 Idle Mode . ..................................... 22
8 DSP Settings. ....................................22
8.1 The DSP Processing Chain . ...................... 22
8.2 DSP Settings Menu . ............................. 22
8.2.1 Common Settings. ......................... 22
8.2.1.1 Source Selection. .................... 22
8.2.1.2 AES3. ..............................22
8.2.1.3 Gain trim (dB)........................ 22
8.2.1.4 If no link. ............................ 22
8.2.1.5 Cross Limit. ......................... 23
8.2.1.6 Sound speed (m/s).................... 23
8.2.2 Channel Settings................................ 23
8.2.2.1 EQs. ............................... 23
8.2.2.2 LP Filter (and HP Filter). .............. 25
8.2.2.3 Polarity. ............................25
8.2.2.4 Channel Delay. ...................... 25
8.2.2.5 Gain................................ 25
8.2.2.6 Limiters............................. 25
8.2.2.7 Damping Control. ....................28
8.3 CH1/CH2 Setup . ................................29
8.3.1 Auxiliar y Delay. .............................29
8.3.2 Diagnostics. ................................29
8.4 Input EQ ........................................29
8.5 Reset Input Section . .............................29
8.6 Reset Output Section . ...........................29
9 Network Operations. .............................29
9.1 User’s introduction to AESOP . ................... 30
9.1.1 Data stream. ...............................30
9.1.2 Audio. .................................... 30
9.1.3 Network connections: Ethernet, AES3 forwarding
K Series
User Guide
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K Series User Guide
and repeater modes. ........................ 30
9.2 Network robustness . ............................33
9.3 Network connections . ...........................33
10 KAESOP Network settings menu. ...................36
10.1 Device Mode . ...................................36
10.2 Addressing Mode . ...............................36
10.3 Set Address . ....................................37
10.4 Show Net Cong . ...............................37
10.5 Audio . .........................................37
10.5.1 Source Selection............................37
10.5.2 Source Mode. .............................37
10.5.3 Gain Trim..................................37
10.5.4 If no link. ..................................37
11 Display..........................................37
11.1 Output Meters . .................................37
11.2 Temperature . ...................................37
11.3 Mains meters . ..................................38
11.4 Amplier Name . ............................... 38
12 Local presets. ....................................38
12.1 Locked presets . ................................ 38
12.2 Locked bank size . ............................... 38
12.3 Recall local preset . .............................. 38
12.4 Save local preset . ................................39
12.5 Change Lock Code .............................. 40
12.6 Erase all presets . ............................... 40
13 Setup. ..........................................41
13.1 Hardware info . ..................................41
13.2 Hardware monitor . ..............................41
13.3 LCD contrast ....................................41
13.4 Key Locking and Setting The Keylock Code . .........41
13.5 Single Channel Muting . ...........................41
14 Protection. ......................................42
14.1 Turn-On/Turn-Off muting . .......................42
14.2 Shor t circuit protection . ..........................42
14.3 Thermal protection . .............................42
14.4 DC fault protection . .............................42
14.5 Input/Output protection ..........................42
15 User Maintenance.................................42
15.1 Cleaning . .......................................42
15. 2 Ser v ice . ........................................42
15.3 Dust Removal . ..................................42
16 Warranty........................................43
17 Assistance. ......................................43
18 Appendix. .......................................43
18.1 Custom Ethernet/AES3 combo box . ...............43
18.2 Amplier Error Codes . .......................... 44
18.3 SmartCard function . ............................ 44
18.4 Control Software . ...............................45
18.4.1 Powersoft’s Armonía Pro Audio Suite. ........45
18.4.2 Third Par ty Controls. .......................45
19 Technical Specications. ...........................46
19.1 K 2 . ........................................... 48
19.2 K2 DSP+A E SOP . ................................49
19.3 K 3 . ............................................50
19.4 K3 DSP+AES OP . ................................51
19.5 K6 ..............................................52
19.6 K6 DSP+AESOP . ................................53
19.7 K8 ............................................. 54
19.8 K8 DSP+AES OP . ................................55
19.9 K10 .............................................56
19.10 K10 DS P+AESOP . ..............................57
19 . 11 K 20 ............................................58
19.12 K20 DSP+AES OP . ..............................59
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powersoft_K Series_uguide_en_v2.3
© 2012 Powersof t
K Series
User Guide
1 Warnings
1.1 Important Safety Instructions
CAUTION: IN ORDER TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC
SHOCK , DO NOT ATTEMPT TO OPEN ANY PART OF
THE UNIT. NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER
SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.
“WARNING: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC
SHOCK , DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPARATUS TO RAIN
OR MOISTURE. OBJECTS FILLED WITH LIQUIDS, SUCH AS
VASES, SHOULD NOT BE PLACED ON THIS APPARATUS”
“TO COMPLETELY DISCONNECT THIS APPARATUS FROM
THE AC MAINS, DISCONNECT THE POWER SUPPLY CORD
PLUG FROM THE AC RECEPTACLE”
“THE MAINS PLUG OF THE POWER SUPPLY CORD MUST
REMAIN READILY ACCESSIBLE”
SAFEGUARDS: Electrical energy can perform many useful
functions. This unit has been engineered and manufactured to
assure your personal safety. Improper use can result in potential
electrical shock or re hazards. In order not to defeat the
safeguards, obser ve the following instructions for its installation,
use and servicing.
▶
Read these instructions.
▶
Keep these instructions.
▶
Heed all warnings.
▶
Follow all instructions.
▶
Do not use this amplier near water.
▶
Clean only with a dry cloth.
▶
Do not block any ventilation openings.
▶
Install in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
▶
Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat
registers, stoves, or other apparatus (including ampliers)
that produce heat.
▶
Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or
grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades with
one wider than the other. A grounding type plug has two
blades and a third grounding prong. The wide blade or the
third prong are provided for your safety. If the provided
plug does not t into your outlet, consult an electrician for
replacement of the obsolete outlet (for K2 and K3 only. K6,
K8, K10 and K20 come with a special mains cable without
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
!
plugs).
▶
Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched
particularly at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point
where they exit from the apparatus.
▶
Only use attachments/accessories specied by the
manufacturer.
▶
Unplug this amplier during lightning storms or when unused
for long periods of time. Refer all servicing to qualied ser vice
personnel. Servicing is required when the amplier has been
damaged in any way. For example if the power-supply cord
or plug have been damaged, if liquid has been spilled or
objects have fallen into the amplier, if the amplier has been
exposed to rain or moisture, if it has been dropped or if it
does not operate normally.
CAUTION: To prevent re hazard, Class 2 (for K2 and K3) and
Class 3 (for K6, K8, K10 and K20) wiring cable should be used for
connection with speaker s. Cabling should be routed away from
potential hazards to avoid damage to the insulation of the cable
itself.
EXPLANATIONS OF GRAPHICAL SYMBOLS:
“The Lightning Flash with arrowhead symbol within an equilateral
triangle is intended to aler t the user to the presence of uninsulated
“dangerous voltage” within the product enclosure that may be of
sufcient magnitude to constitute a risk of shock to persons”.
“The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended
to aler t the user to the presence of impor tant operating and
maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying
the product”.
1.2 Approvals
The K series is installed according to the Canadian Electrical Code
or National Electrical Code, as applicable.
Install this product in accordance with Canadian Electrical Code
or National Electrical Code and other local electrical or building
codes as applicable. Mount in rack only. The exible mains cable
must not pass through walls.
This equipment has been tested and found to compliant by
Notied Body 2047 (Directive 2004/108/EC-EMC) pursuant to
the product family standard for audio professional use: EN 551031 and EN 55103-2 standard; EN61000- 3 - 2 , EN 61000 - 3 - 3.
Electromagnetic Ambients E4, E5.
This equipment has been tested and found to compliant by
Notied Body 2047 (Directive 2004/108/EC-EMC) pursuant to
the product family standard for audio professional use: Radiated
!
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K Series User Guide
emissions FCC standard section 15.109, IEC CISPR standard Pub.
22 ed 6.0 (2008-09) CLASS A chapter 7.1.1, Conducted emission
FCC standard section 15.107, IEC CISPR standard Pub. 22 ed 6.0
(2008-09) CL ASS B.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply by Notied
Body 2047(Directive 2006/95/EC L.V.) pursuant to the audio
apparatus safety requirements: Standard EN 60065
In a domestic environment this product may cause radio
inter ferences in which case the user may be required to take
adequate measures.
Average half-cycle r.m.s. inrush current on initial switch-on
K2, K2DSP, K3, K3DSP: 10 A
K6, K6DSP, K8, K8DSP, K10, K10DSP: 50 A
K20, K20DSP: 50 A
Average half-cycle r.m.s. inrush current after a supply
interruption of 5s.
K2, K2DSP, K3, K3DSP: 10 A
K6, K6DSP, K8, K8DSP, K10, K10DSP: 10 A
K20, K20DSP: 10 A
1.3 Warning Notices
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply
with the limits for Class A digital device, pursuant to Par t 15 of
the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference when the equipment
is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation
of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful
inter ference in which case the user will be required to correct the
inter ference at his own expense.
Information to User
Alterations or modications carried out without appropriate
authorization may invalidate the user’s right to operate the
equipment.
1.3.1 Location
Install the amplier in a well-ventilated location where it will not
be exposed to high temperature or humidity. Do not install the
amplier in a location that is exposed to direct sun rays, or near
hot appliances or radiators. Excessive heat can adversely affect the
cabinet and internal components. Installation of the amplier in a
damp or dusty environment may result in malfunction or accident.
1.3.2 Precautions Regarding Installation
Placing and using the amplier for long periods of time on heat
generating sources will affect its performance. Avoid placing the
amplier on heat generating sources. Install this amplier as far as
possible from tuners and T V sets. An amplier installed in close
proximity of such equipment may experience noise or generic
performance degradation.
WARNING: To prevent re or electric shock:
▶
The ventilation openings must not be impeded by any item
such as newspapers, tablecloths, curtains etc; keep a distance
of at least 50 cm from the front and rear ventilation openings
of the amplier.
▶
Do not expose this amplier to rain or moisture.
▶
This equipment must not be exposed to dripping or splashing
liquids: objects lled with liquids, such as vases, must not be
placed on the amplier.
1.4 Safety Rules
▶
This device must be powered exclusively by earth connected
mains sockets in electrical networks compliant to the IEC 364
or similar rules.
▶
It is absolutely necessary to verify this fundamental
requirement of safety and, in case of doubt, require an
accurate check by qualied personnel.
▶
The manufacturer cannot be held responsible for damages
caused to persons, things or data due to an improper or
missing ground connection.
▶
Before powering this amplier, verify that the correct voltage
rating is being used.
▶
Verify that your mains connection is capable of satisfying the
power ratings of the device.
▶
Do not spill water or other liquids into or on the amplier.
▶
Do not use this amplier if the electrical power cord is frayed
or broken.
▶
Do not remove the cover. Failing to do so will expose you to
potentially dangerous voltage.
▶
No naked ame sources such as lighted candles should be
placed on the amplier.
▶
Provide a sectioning breaker between the mains connections
and the amplier. Suggested device is 32A/250VAC, C or
D curve, 10KA (K6-K8-K10-K20) or 16A/250VAC, C or D
curve, 10KA (K2-K3)
▶
Contact the authorized service center for ordinary and
extraordinary maintenance.
▶
The power cord type is LAPP CABLE OLFLEX191 3G6 /
SJT 3XAWG10 SALCAVI (Bahoing SJT 3x16AWG or I-sheng
SGIS 3G1,5mmq for K3 - K 2)
1.5 Speaker Damage
Powersof t Class D ampliers are among the most powerful
professional ampliers available and are capable of producing
much more power than many loudspeakers can handle. It is the
user’s responsibility to use speakers suitable to the amplier and
to use them in a sensible way that will not cause damage.
!
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K Series User Guide
Powersof t will not be held responsible for damaged speakers.
Consult the speaker manufacturer for power handling
recommendations.
Even if you reduce the gain using the amplier’s front panel
attenuation controls, it is still possible to reach full output power if
the input signal level is high enough.
A single high-power tone can damage high frequency drivers
almost instantaneously, while low frequency drivers can usually
withstand very high, continuous power levels for a few seconds
before they fail. Reduce power immediately if you hear any
speaker “bottoming out” - harsh pops or cracking distor tion that
indicate that the speaker voice coil or diaphragm is striking the
magnet assembly.
Powersof t recommends that you use ampliers of this power
range for more headroom (cleaner sound) rather than for
increased volume.
1.6 Speaker Output Shock Hazard
A Class D amplier is capable of producing hazardous output
voltages. To avoid electrical shock, do not touch any exposed
speaker wiring while the amplier is operating.
This manual contains important information on operating your
Powersoft amplier correctly and safely. Please read it carefully
before operating your amplier. If you have any questions,
contact your Powersoft dealer.
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K Series User Guide
2 Front and Rear Panel Reference Figures
FIGURE 1: K Series front panel
On/Off switch
Ethernet + AESOP ports
(for both 2 or 4 ports versions, non
functional in models without AESOP)
DataCard slot
(for firmware updates, preset storage and step up)
Channel 1 meter LEDs
Channel 2 meter LEDs
Multifunctional keys
CLASS2
WIRING
Mains plug
Air vents
Channel 2 analog input or AES3
(depending on the position of the AES/EBU-
Analog button)
Channel 2 physical
link through output
Channel 2
output
Channel 1
output
Channel 1 physical
link through output
Channel 1 analog input
Channel 2 AES/EBU or analog input
selection button
(functional only for devices with retrofitted DSP
and/or KAESOP board)
Channel 1 and 2 output link
selection button
RS485 port
+ external
aux voltage
Serial remote ID
selection
FIGURE 2: K2/K3 2-port version rear panel
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K Series User Guide
FIGURE 3: K2/K3 4-port version rear panel
Mains plug
Air vents
Channel 2 analog input or AES3
(depending on the position of the AES/EBU-
Analog button)
Channel 2
output
Channel 1
output
Channel 1 analog input
Channel 2 AES/EBU or analog input
selection button
(functional only for devices with retrofitted DSP and/or
KAESOP board)
Channel 1 and 2 output link
selection button
RS485 port +
aux voltage
Serial remote ID
selection
FIGURE 4: K6/K8/K10/K20 2-port version rear panel
CLASS2
WIRING
Mains plug
Air vents
Ethernet +
AESOP ports
External
aux voltage
Channel 2 analog input or AES3
(depending on the position of the AES/EBU-
Analog button)
Channel 2 physical
link through output
Channel 2
output
Channel 1
output
Channel 1 physical
link through output
Channel 1 analog input
Channel 2 AES/EBU or analog
input selection button
Channel 1 and 2 output link
selection button
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K Series User Guide
FIGURE 5: K6/K8/K10/K20 4-port version rear panel
Mains plug
Air vents
Ethernet +
AESOP ports
External
aux voltage
Channel 2 analog input or AES3
(depending on the position of the AES/EBU-
Analog button)
Channel 2
output
Channel 1
output
Channel 1 analog input
Channel 2 AES/EBU or analog
input selection button
Channel 1 and 2 output link
selection button
A - Ethernet port number 1
B - Ethernet port number 2
C - V meter for channel 1
D - SmartCard slot
E - Function button number 1
F - Function button number 2
G - Function button number 3
H - Function button number 4
I - LCD display
J - V meter for channel 2
K - On/Off switch
L - Grill filter screws
FIGURE 6: K Series detailed front panel view
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K Series User Guide
operation error. Every amplier in this series is designed to work
under a large range of possible conditions, delivering maximum
power with maximum safety and an outstanding long term
reliability. Anticipating potential problems at the design stage
means your show always goes on!
4 Installation
4.1 Unpacking
Carefully open the shipping car ton and check for any noticeable
damage; the gure below ( FIGURE 7) shows the packing view.
Every Powersoft amplier is completely tested and inspected
before leaving the factory and should arrive in pristine condition.
In the unlikely event that you should encounter any damage,
please notify the shipping company immediately. Be sure to save
all packing materials for the carrier’s inspection.
The K Series box contains the following:
▶
1 K Series amplier
▶
1 x AC Mains cord
▶
1 x User Guide
FIGURE 7:
Amplifier
Mains cable
User guide
K Series packaging box
4.2 Mounting
All Powersof t ampliers are designed for standard 19” rack
mounting; there are four front panel holes and two rear-lateral
holes. In order to limit the risk of mechanical damages, ampliers
must be xed to the rack using both frontal as well as rear
mounting holes.
4.3 Cooling
All Powersoft ampliers implement a forced-air cooling system to
maintain low and constant operating temperatures. Drawn by an
internal fan, air enters through the slots in the front panel and is
forced over all components, exiting at the back of the amplier.
The amplier’s cooling system features an “intelligent” variable-
speed DC fan which is controlled by heat sink temperature sensing
circuits: the fan speed will increase only when the temperature
recorded by the sensors rises over carefully predetermined values.
This ensures that fan noise and internal dust accumulation are kept
3 Welcome
3.1 Introduction
Congratulations on buying a Powersoft K Series amplier!
Powersof t is a leading company in the eld of high efciency
audio power management. The Powersof t Class D technology
has changed the way the world looks at professional audio
amplication: no other amplier’s performance comes close for
applications demanding high power and long term reliability.
Thanks to amazing reductions in heat output and weight, without
sacricing output powers, Powersoft ampliers can be used in an
unlimited range of PA applications such as opera houses, theaters,
churches, cinema, and theme parks.
3.2 The K Series
K Series has many advanced features, digital control of many
parameters, adjustable maximum mains consumption, selectable
digital presets and a graphic display that shows detailed information
of the status of the amplier. All K Series ampliers come with built
in Power Factor Correction. This unique feature ensures that a
predominantly resistive load is presented to mains thus minimizing
current distor tion and voltage/current displacement. This leads to
improved performance of the amplier at high levels of output and
avoids mains-voltage collapses, typical of standard and switching
power supplies. Another great advantage of this technology is that
its performance is, to a large extent, independent of mains voltage.
The rated output power does not var y with load/line conditions.
3.3 More sound and less weight
Class D technology based ampliers are highly efcient, delivering
greater power to speakers with reduced heat dissipation: typical
running efciency of output stages is 95%, with only 5% of input
energy dissipated as heat. This allows for smaller dimensions,
weight and power consumptions.
Contrary to conventional ampliers which achieve highest
efciency only at full rated power output, Class D efciency is
almost independent of output level. Music has an average power
density of 40% of its peak value; this means that other (nonclass D) ampliers can easily generate 10 times more heat than
Powersof t products for the same sound pressure level.
Powersof t ampliers deliver cr ystal-clear highs, and a tight, welldened low end: the most accurate reproduction of an audio
signal. Solid time proven design features ensure extremely high
performance in terms of super low total harmonic distortion,
optimal frequency response, high power bandwidth and damping
factor across a vast number of application scenarios. Powersoft’s
multi patented application of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
high frequency sampling techniques is just one of the many factors
contributing to the K Series’ high performance ratings across the
audio bandwidth.
3.4 The Show Always Goes On
The K series offers complete protection against any possible
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K Series User Guide
to a strict minimum. Should however the amplier be subject to
an extreme thermal load, the fan will force a very large volume
of air through the heat sink. In the ex tremely rare event that the
amplier should dangerously overheat, sensing circuits shut down
all channels until the amplier cools down to a safe operating
temperature. Normal operation is resumed automatically without
the need for user intervention.
Caution regarding heat escape should be exercised when
mounting K Series ampliers. Exhaust cooling air is forced out
through the rear of the chassis (see FIGURE 8); make sure there
is enough space around the back of the amplier for this air to
escape. K Series ampliers can be stacked one on top of the other
due to the efcient cooling system they are equipped with. There
is however a safety limit to be obser ved: in case a rack with closed
back panels is used, leave one rack unit empty every four K Series
ampliers installed to guarantee adequate air ow.
FIGURE 8:
Air flow
Forced air cooling: front to back airow
4.4 Operating Precautions
Make sure the power switch is off before attempting to make any
input or output connections.
Make sure the AC mains voltage used is within the acceptable
operating voltage range specied in the K Series documentation
(100V-240V ±10%). Damage caused by connecting the amplier
to an improper AC mains voltage is not covered by the warranty.
By using good quality input and speaker cables, the likelihood of
erratic signal behavior is reduced to a minimum. Whether you
make them or buy them, look for good quality wires, connectors
and soldering techniques.
4.5 Grounding
There is no ground switch or terminal on the K Series ampliers.
All shield terminals of input connections are directly connected to
the chassis. This means that the unit’s signal grounding system is
automatic. In order to limit hum and/or inter ference entering the
signal path, use balanced input connections.
In the interests of safety, the unit MUST always operate with
electrical safety earth connected to the chassis via the dedicated
wire in the 3-wire cable. Never disconnect the ground pin on the
AC mains power cord.
4.6 AC Mains connection
The AC Main connection is made via the CPC type connector
(IEC20A for K3 and K2) on the rear side of the panel. The
gure below shows how to connect the mains power cable to
the amplier. Make sure the AC mains voltage used is within
the acceptable operating voltage range specied in the K Series
documentation (100V-240V ±10%). It is important to connect the
ground for safety, do not use adapters that disable the ground
connection. All K Series ampliers have an automatic power
factor correction system for a per fect mains network interface.
The amplier is a resistive load for the mains network, minimizing
the reactive power and the harmonic distortion on the current.
The system allows performance to be maintained even in case of
varying mains voltage.
FIGURE 9:
ground
mains
open the lock
and insert the plug
lock the plug
K2 and K3 only mains connection
FIGURE 10:
Vac
GND
K6/K8/K10/K20 mains connection
5 Connections and Operation
This chapter provides information on amplier connection and
operation. For optimal amplier performance, it is impor tant
to understand the meaning of the information that the K Series
amplier can provide regarding its status and conguration. This
information is available to the user both via front panel indicators
or via the Armonía client software when this is used. This chapter
will break down all the front panel operations and monitoring
functions the K Series amplier is capable of. The remaining part
of the chapter will explain how to correctly connect the amplier’s
inputs and outputs.
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K Series User Guide
5.1 Connecting Audio Inputs
5.1.1 Analog Connection
Input connections are made via the 3-pin XLR-female type or
1/4” phone Jack connectors on the rear side of the amplier. The
polarity is shown in the following gures:
FIGURE 11:
Audio input connection for K6/K8/K10/K20 models
FIGURE 12:
pin 2 - IN (+)
pin 1 - shield
pin 3 - IN (-)
ring - IN (-)
sleeve - shield
tip - IN (+)
Audio input connections polarity
The gure below shows the connection of analog inputs for
balanced or unbalanced line. You can use both congurations, but
you must consider that unbalanced and long lines can introduce
noise in the audio system. The “Link On/Off ” switch located in
the rear panel is for direct paralleling of the rear input connectors.
The remaining input connectors can be used to carry signal to
other amps.
FIGURE 13:
Balanced input Unbalanced input
IN (+)
IN (+)
IN (-)
shield
shield
Balanced and unbalanced input connections
XLR pinout chart:
XLR Pin number Assigned to
1 shield
2 hot (+)
3 cold (-)
Audio jack pin out summary:
Connector element Assigned to
sleeve shield
tip hot (+)
ring cold (-)
For K3 and K2 models, input connections are shown in the gure
below; analog inputs for balanced and unbalanced lines are also
available for these models.
FIGURE 14:
signal source input
XLR female connector
signal source output
XLR male connector
K2 and K3 models audio input connections
pin 1 - shield
pin 2 - IN (+)
pin 3 - IN (-)
pin 2 - IN (+)
pin 1 - shield
pin 3 - IN (-)
XLR male
XLR female
FIGURE 15: K2 and K3 models audio input connections polarity
5.1.2 AES/EBU Connection
On DSP equipped ampliers, CH2 becomes the AES/EBU input
when the AES/EBU pushbutton is released (see FIGURE 16); in
this mode, if an analog input in CH2 is applied, the ANALOG CH2
OUT is off. If CH2 is to be used as an analog input, the AES/EBU
pushbutton must be pressed.
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K Series User Guide
Channel 2 AES/EBU or analog
input selection button
analog input
AES/EBU input
FIGURE 16: AES/EBU or analog input selection for channel 2
5.2 Connecting Audio Outputs
Audio output connections are made via Neutrik® speakon
connectors.
FIGURE 17:
Audio output connector
Use suitable wire gauges to minimize power and damping factor
losses in speaker cables. All K Series amplier outputs can also be
congured to work in bridge mode. For each device, the 1+ and
2+ pins of speakon connectors are internally physically bridged
together. They are the positive pole of the channel output. Pins
1- and 2- are also bridged together. They form the negative pole
of the channel output. Please note that in order to remain within
safe operating conditions, when using loads of 4 � or less (8 � or
less in bridge mode),connections must be made with a four wire
cable. Use one cable for each SpeakOn contact for either bridge
or stereo connections as shown in the following gures.
FIGURE 18:
1 -
1+
2+
2-
+
-
OUT1
1 -
1+
2+
2-
+
-
OUT2
Audio output connection in stereo mode
1 -
1+
2+
2-
+
-
OUT1
1 -
1+
2+
2-
OUT2
FIGURE 19: Audio output connection in bridge mode
5.3 Internal Signal Path Polarity
In order to increase the power’s supply energy storage efciency,
signals coming from channels 1 and 2 are polarity reversed one
with respect to the other when entering the amplier. This
ensures a symmetrical use of the voltage rails: if, for example,
both channels’ 1 and 2 input signals are going through a peak at
the same time, channel 1’s energy will come from the positive
voltage rails while channel 2, whose polarity is reversed with
respect to channel 1, will be fed energy from the negative voltage
rails. In this manner, the power supply will work symmetrically,
with one channel catered by the positive rails and the other by
the symmetrical negative rails. Channel 2’s signal will be polarity
reversed once more to ensure that both channels output with the
same polarity as their corresponding input signals. For this reason
it is ver y important not to invert the polarity of either channels
before feeding them to a K Series amplier. A double polarity
inversion (the rst by the user inserting the input signal and the
other by the amplier’s internal circuitry) results in no inversion at
all. If this were the case, both channels would be weighing on only
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K Series User Guide
one side (positive or negative) of the power supply’s voltage rails.
This would result in an inefcient use of the power supply’s energy.
FIGURE 20:
first polarity
inversion
second polarity
inversion
Channel 1
input
Channel 2
input
Channel 1
output
Channel 2
output
Internal signal path polarity with example input signals.
Both channels 1 and 2 are fed the same sine signal
Please pay special attention in using balanced inputs on all
measurement equipment (such as oscilloscope probes) when
you are bench testing.
5.4 Remote Control Connection
5.4.1 V Ext
The “V Ext” terminal is used to remotely turn on, turn off or
put in standy any K Series amplier. The “V Ext” signal reaches
the amplier via pin 2 of the rear Ethernet connector for 2 por t
models. Four port models have a dedicated 2 pin Phoenix por t
located near the rear Ethernet ports. When the V ext por t is
powered by and external 12 VDC 1A power supply, an internal
controller is enabled to listen for incoming device power-on/off/
standby commands.
CLASS2
WIRING
FIGURE 21: Vext Phoenix connector in 4 port K Series ampliers
5.4.2 Serial Connection
K Series ampliers without an optional KAESOP board can be
remotely controlled via an RS485 connection. Remote connection
data cables must have an 8 pin modular plug to be inserted in the
RJ45 jack labelled “DATAPORT” on the rear of the amplier. By
plugging an 8 pin modular plug and selecting the unit’s remote
ID via the rotary trimmers, the amp is ready to be remotely
controlled. Please note that ID numer 00 is not allowed.See
FIGURE 22 for details.
FIGURE 22:
ID selection example
ID = 28
GND
485-
485+
Vext
Pin Layout
8 pin
modular
plug
Remote connection jack, plug and ID selection
Remote connection jack pinout char t:
1 GND
2 Vext
3 485 4 485 +
5 485 +
6 485 7 Vext
8 GND
5.4.3 Ethernet Connection
K Series ampliers can be remotely controlled via an Ethernet
connection if provided with a KAESOP board. Two- or four-
ports ampliers allow Ethernet data connections with a variety
of possible topographies. See “9 Network Operations” on page
29 for more details. If four plugs are present (two in the front
and two in the back of the amp), the pair in the back are master
ports, while the two in front are slave ports.
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K Series User Guide
FIGURE 23:
Pin Layout
8 pin
modular
plug
100BaseT RX/TX +
100BaseT RX/TX 100BaseT TX/RX +
AES3-A RX/TX +
AES3-A RX/TX 100BaseT TX/RX AES3-B RX/TX +
AES3-B RX/TX -
OR, for models
with 4 ports:
Ethernet connection ports for 2-port and 4-port
ampliers
FIGURE 24:
(tab down)
RJ45
pin1pin
8
white
orange
white
blue
white
green
white
brown
green
orange
brown
blue
RJ45 jack pinout for KAESOP connections
The RJ45 LEDs are coded s follows:
green LED: indicates the passage of control data
yellow LED: indicates the passage of AES3 signals
Remote connection jack pinout char t:
pin color RJ45 KAESOP pin out
1 white/green 100BaseT AutoMDI RX/TX +
2 green 100BaseT AutoMDI RX/TX -
3 white/orange 100BaseT AutoMDI TX/RX +
4
blue
AES3-A RX/TX +
5
white/blue
AES3-A RX/TX -
6
orange
100BaseT AutoMDI TX/RX -
7
white/brown
AES3-B RX/TX +
8
brown
AES3-B RX/TX -
5.5 Amplier Setup and Settings
5.5.1 Introduction
In all K Series ampliers, the combination of the front panel
buttons together with the LCD display allow the user access to
detailed information and complete control over the amplier’s
status. Each button has multiple functions and the display
shows the current active function for each button. This chapter
illustrates all the functions and settings accessible via the
amplier front panel. FIGURE 6 illustrates all K Series front panel
elements.
Armonía Pro Audio Suite
All the setup and settings functions described in this section can be
accessed through a comptuer by installing Powersoft’s Armonía
Pro Audio Suite software. Armonía is a software environment
entirely developed in-house by Powersoft. Its two main features
are full end user remote control of the amp and its signal processing
capabilities. The intuitive interface provides reliable information
and real time control of all DSP functions (see “18.4.1 Powersoft’s
Armonía Pro Audio Suite” on page 45). Refer to the Armonía
manual for installation and conguration of the client software.
Armonía is free. It can be downloaded after signing up for our user
forum: see the “Armonía Suppor t Forum” section at
http://www.powersoft-audio.com/
5.5.2 The main screen and the LED bars
When the amp is turned on, the main screen appears after a
short presentation.
lock
mute mute menu
CH1 READY READY CH2
V I VI
FIGURE 25: K Series main screen
The rst line of the screen will read “WAIT” while the system
undergoes an initial batch of internal tests to determine the status
of the amp. If all parameters are normal, “READY” will replace
“WAIT” on the display. System parameters are continuously
monitored by the internal controller. If any parameter value should
fall out of its correctly working range, a code error relative to that
particular parameter will appear on the third line of the LCD meter
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K Series User Guide
a the smallest amount possible. The “fast” mode will increase or
decrease the parameter value by an amount equal to 10 times the
amount increased in the “slow” mode. For example:
in “slow” mode: a single “+” button press will increase the Max
mains current from 22 A to 23 A
Max Mains Current
back
fast
- +
22 A rms
Max Mains Current
back
fast
- +
23 A rms
FIGURE 28: K Series slow parameter increase
in “fast” mode: a single “+” button press will increase the Max
mains current from 22 A to 32 A
Max Mains Current
back
slow
- +
22 A rms
Max Mains Current
back
slow
- +
32 A rms
FIGURE 29: K Series fast parameter increase
at the corresponding channel number. Should the parameter be
out of range for both adjacent channels, the error code will appear
in between the two compromised channels.
The LED columns on the front of the amp can work as output
voltage or current meters. When the LED bars are set to meter
output voltage, for example, the meters on the LCD screen will
indicate output current values. The vice versa is true: LED bars
set as output current meters, LCD display bars become output
voltage meters.
The single LEDs can have multiple functions:
LED Color Solid color Blinking
Red
Channel output level has
reached clipping limits
OR
channel has been muted for
protection
1
tone
detection
problem
Yellow
temperature of power circuits is
above 85°C
OR
output level
2
-2dB
power
circuits
temperature
critical
(80° - 85°C)
Green output level2 -3dB
Green output level2 -6dB
Green output level2 -9dB
Green output level2 -15dB
Green
input signal is above -60dBV
OR
output level
2
-18d B
1
in case of a short circuit protection event, the LCD screen will read “PROT”
2
with respect to the output clipping threshold
5.6 Front Panel Buttons
The four th line of the front panel LCD screen shows the functions
of the buttons immediately below. A beep conrms that a button
has been pressed; please note that this sound is not mutable.
Pressing the button directly below the “menu” label on the LCD
screen gives access to the amplier’s main menu. If an Armonía
client is connected to the amplier, a yellow blinking LED will
appear in the sof tware workspace view.
6 The main menu
The K series main menu can be accessed by pressing the rst
button on the right, underneath the LCD label “menu”. FIGURE
25 shows the new button setup adopted to allow users to navigate
the amp’s internal menu. The up and down arrows allow to scroll
the menu items. To access further menu voices branching off a
specic menu item, select it and press the “menu” button once.
FIGURE 26 and FIGURE 27 show the various submenus accessible
from the main menu. Each menu function will be described in the
following chapters.
Some submenus in the K Series amps require the user to set
a numerical value for specic parameters using the front panel
buttons. In order to speed this process up, these submenus
dedicate two of the four available buttons to switching to a fast
or slow parameter increment mode. When in the “slow” mode,
the up and down arrows increase or decrease the parameter by
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K Series User Guide
Settings
Analog => Out
Analog => DSP => Out
1
AES3 => Out
1
AES3 => DSP => Out
1
KAESOP => Out
2
KAESOP =>DSP => Out
1, 2
Output attenuation
Input gain/sens
Inuput select
Max output voltage
Max mains current
Clip limiter CH1
Clip limiter CH2
Gate CH1
Gate CH2
Mute at Power on
Idle Mode
Amplifier Settings
DSP Settings
1
Network Settings
2
see “DSP Settings” diagram
Device mode
Addressing mode
Set address
Show net config
Audio
Repeat (default)
Forward to AES3-A
Forward to AES3-B
Forward to both
IP address
subnet mask
Default gateway
Source selection
Source mode
Gain trim
If no link
AES3-XLR rear panel
AES3-A
AES3-B
Parallel from L
Parallel from R
Stereo
Mute
Analog
Display
Local presets
Setup
Output meters
Temperature
Mains meters
Amplifier name
Display Amp data
Edit Amplifier name
Lock presets
Locked bank size
Recall local preset
Save local preset
Change lock code
Erase all presets
Hardware Info
Hardware Monitor
LCD contrast
Set Keylock code
Service
1
Available only with optional DSP board2 Available only with optional KAESOP board
Menu
FIGURE 26: K Series main menu map
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K Series User Guide
DSP Settings
Common Settings
CH1 Settings
CH2 Settings
CH1 Setup
CH2 Setup
Input EQ
Reset Input Section
Reset Output Section
Source Selection
AES3
Cross limit
Sound speed (m/S)
Stereo
Parallel from CH1
Parallel from CH2
Mono Mix
Gain trim (dB)
If no link:
Analog
Mute
EQs
LP filter
HP filter
Polarity
Ch delay (us)
Gain (dB)
Peak limiter
Power limiter
Damping Control
PEQ#
Active
Freq. (Hz)
Gain (dB)
Q factor
Type
Peaking
Low Shelving
High Shelving
Low pass EQ
High pass EQ
Bandstop
Bandpass
Allpass
Active
Freq. (Hz)
Slope (dB/oct)
Shape
Butterworth
Bessel
Link.-Riley
FIR Lin Phase
Hybrid FIR
Active
Freq. (Hz)
Slope (dB/oct)
Shape
Butterworth
Bessel
Link.-Riley
FIR Lin Phase
Hybrid FIR
In phase
Reversed
Active
Thresh. (Vpk)
Attack (ms)
Release (ms)
Mode
Soft knee
Thresh. (W)
Attack (ms)
Release (ms)
Mode
Equiv. Rout (Ω)
OFF
TruePower
Power vs V @ 8Ω
Power vs I @ 8Ω
Aux Dly (ms)
Diagnostics
Tone in alarm
Tone in freq
Tone in Vmin
Tone in Vmax
Tone out gen
Tone out ampl
Tone out freq
Tone out alarm
Tone out Vmin
Tone out Vmax
Load alarm
Load Zmin
Load Zmax
Measures
identical to CH1Settings
identical to CH1Setup
FIGURE 27: K Series DSP settings submenu. Available only for amps with the optiotnal DSP
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K Series User Guide
7 Amplier Settings
7.1 Output attenuation
The output attenuation screen sets the amplier’s output
attenuation level. The user can choose whether to set output
attenuation for channel 1, channel 2 or both by cycling through the
right most button. The “+” and “-” buttons change the value of the
output attenuation in the range from 0 to -30dB. A single “+” or
“-” button press will increase or decrease the output attenuation
by 1dB. Note: for ideal sonic performance, select a 0dB output
attenuation (meaning no attenuation), and select the proper
gain/sensitivity level as explained in the next paragraph.
Output attenuation
back C1+2
-
+
-13 -13dB
FIGURE 30: K Series output attenuation
7.2 Input Gain/Sensitivity
All K Series ampliers allow selection of input sensitivity to allow
correct sensitivity matching with other third party equipment.
The user can choose whether to set the input gain/sensitivity for
channel 1, channel 2 or both by cycling through the right most
button. The “+” and “-” buttons change the value of the input gain
and corresponding sensitivity. The allowed gain values are 26dB,
29dB, 32dB and 35dB. The table below shows the input sensitivity
values for the K Series ampliers. These are the maximum RMS
voltage values of an input 1kHz sine wave before clipping occurs at
the output stage. These values are repor ted with respect to the
amplier’s gain.
K Series gain sensitivity. Input signal: 1kHz sine wave. Voltage
values are RMS:
Gain
(dB)
K2 K3 K6 K8 K10 K20
26 4.48 5.30 5.11 5.50 6.34 7.37
29 3.17 3.75 3.62 3.90 4.49 5.22
32 2.47 2.66 2.56 2.75 3.18 3.68
35 1.59 1.88 1.81 1.95 2.25 2.62
The maximum balanced input signal before saturation of the input
stage of the amplier occurs with respect to the amplier’s gain is
presented in the char t below. Input signal: 1kHz sine wave. Voltage
values are RMS:
Gain (dB) dBV dBu V
RMS
26 25.0 27 18
29 21.6 24 12
32 19.0 21 9
35 15.6 18 6
7.3 Input select
K Series ampliers allow the user to choose three different input
modes (if available): Analog, AES3
1 and/or 2
, and KAESOP2. Each of
these inputs can either be processed by the internal DSP or not.
The up and down buttons on the “Input select” screen toggle
between the available input sources. The “sel” button locks the
selected option.
The possible input/signal path congurations are:
▶
Analog ==> Out (analog input and direct output)
▶
Analog ==> DSP ==> Out1 (analog input and internal DSP
processing, output)
▶
AES3 ==> Out
1 and/or 2
(AES3 input, direct output)
▶
AES3 ==> DSP ==> Out
1 and/or 2
(AES3 input, internal DSP
processing, output)
▶
KAESOP ==> Out2 (AES3 input, direct output)
▶
KAESOP ==>DSP==>Out
1 and 2
(KAESOP input, internal
DSP processing, output)
1
Available only with optional DSP board
2
Available only with optional KAESOP board
7.4 Max output voltage
The max output peak voltage of K series ampliers can be set
by the user. It is possible to set output peak voltage levels for
channel 1, channel 2 or both by pressing the “C1+2” button. The
“+” and “-” buttons change the value of the max output peak
voltage.
Max output voltage
back - +
C1+2
102 102Vpeak
FIGURE 31: Max output voltage settings screen
The ranges available are shown in the table below:
Amplier model Peak output voltage (V)
K2 40 to 140
K3 40 to 165
K6 40 to 153
K8 40 to 169
K10 40 to 200
K20 40 to 225
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K Series User Guide
7.5 Max mains current
The maximum current the amplier can draw from the mains can
be set by the user through the front panel of all K series ampliers.
Max mains current
back
fast
- +
23 A rms
FIGURE 32: Max mains current set up screen
The “+” and “-” buttons allow setting of the value of the max rms
mains current. Acceptable values are within the 8 A to 16 A for
K2s and K3s and from 15A to 32A range for all other K ampliers.
Setting the maximum mains current determines the current
threshold at which a C-Type current breaker will trip.
7.6 Clip Limiter CH1 - CH2
The clip function can be used to prevent distortion caused by
clipping of the excessive output signal amplitude. This feature can
be disabled or enabled by pressing the on/off button in the when
the clip limiter voice is selected in the Amplier settings menu:
Max mains current
back
sel
Clip Limiter CH1:ON
Clip Limiter CH1:ON
FIGURE 33: Clip limiter setting for channels 1 and 2 separately
Please note that clip limiters can be set independently for both
channels.
CAUTION: disabling clip limiters can potentially damage
loudspeakers. The amplier’s internal clip limiters should not
be deactivated unless the limiting function is implemented by an
external device such as digital system controllers. In this case,
it is extremely important to correctly set limiting parameters in
order to preserve loudspeakers from excessively powerful and
potentially hazardous driving signals.
7.7 Gate CH1 - CH2
This function allows to mute the amplier channels individually
if the input signal amplitude falls below the values shown in the
following table:
Gain (dB) dBV dBu
26 -54 -52
29 -57 -55
32 -60 -58
35 -63 -61
This function can be enabled and disabled by pressing the right
most front panel button corresponding to the “on” or “off ” label.
Clip Limiter CH1:ON
back
sel
Clip Limiter CH2:ON
Gate CH1:OFF
FIGURE 34: Single channel output gate selection screen
Gating the output is delayed by 5 seconds after the input signal
falls below the threshold. If the channel is muted, the bottom
green LED in the corresponding front panel LED column is off.
7.8 Mute At Power On
This functions allows the user to automatically mute all channels
when the amplier is turned on. Toggle the on or off status by
pressing the front panel button below the “sel” label.
Gate CH1:OFF
back
sel
Gate CH2:OFF
Mute at Power on:ON
FIGURE 35: Mute at power on function enabled in the settings menu
If this function is enabled, a “Muted” label will appear at the main
screen next to each channel at the next power on. Press the
button underneath the “mute” label in the front screen to unmute
the channel.
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K Series User Guide
8.1 The DSP Processing Chain
The core of the KDSP board is an advanced digital sound processor
based on a oating point SHARC® processor. FIGURE 38 shows
a block diagram of the DSP processing chain.
lock
mute mute menu
CH1 READY
V I MUTED
FIGURE 36: Right channel muted, left channel unmuted. Toggle mute
status by pressing the “mute” button
7.9 Idle Mode
The idle mode function is a power saving feature. When this
function is activated, the output stage is turned off after no input
signal greater than -60dBV approximately is detected for a user
selectable amount of time, saving about 40W of power per
channel (see the table in “7.7 Gate CH1 - CH2” on page 21 for
the exact wake up from idle voltage values) This results in reduced
heating, longer amplier and fans life, and, especially for xed
installations which are permanently turned on, a lower electricity
bill. Exiting from idle mode is quasi-instantaneous.
In order to set the time after which the amplier enters in idle
mode, push the right most button labelled “sel” when the idle
mode line is highlighted. This will open the “Idle state timeout”
screen. Using the central buttons, select the desired time. In the
“slow” mode, a single button press will increase or decrease the
time by one minute. The “fast” mode will bring this up to 10
minute steps. The timeout range goes from 0 to 720 minutes.
Idle state timeout
ok -
+
22 min
slow
FIGURE 37: Idle timeout set to 22 minutes
8 DSP Settings
The KDSP is a digital signal processing (DSP) add-on board for
Powersof t K Series ampliers. KDSP can be used to optimize the
performance of the audio system by means of fully customizable
crossovers and equalizers. Exceptionally high reliability is
guaranteed in all conditions by advanced limiters, and continuously
monitored loudspeaker parameters. This chapter illustrates the
features and operational modes of the KDSP board.
8.2 DSP Settings Menu
The DSP settings menu is subdivided in single channel settings or
“common” settings affecting both channels.
8.2.1 Common Settings
8.2.1.1 Source Selection
This menu allows to choose the input signal to be processed by
the DSP. The possible options are:
▶
Stereo: the signal coming from channel 1 is processed and
routed out to output channel 1. Similarly, the input signal
coming from Channel 2 is processed and then routed out to
output channel 2.
▶
Parallel from CH1: the input signal from channel 1 feeds two
parallel, distinct and independent processing branches. The
result of one branch is sent to output channel 1, while the
result of the other branch is sent to output channel 2.
▶
Parallel from CH2: the input signal from channel 2 feeds two
parallel, distinct and independent processing branches. The
result of one branch is sent to output channel 1, while the
result of the other branch is sent to output channel 2.
▶
Mono Mix: the input signals from channel 1 and 2 are
summed together and divided by two in order to maintain a
consistent output level. This mono mix signal is fed to both
output channels.
8.2.1.2 AES3
This menu controls the AES3 input stream options. The AES3
source can enter the amplier from the rear XLR or from the
KAESOP board (if present) based on the type of input selection
(see “7.3 Input select” on page 20).
8.2.1.3 Gain trim (dB)
This menu allows the user to set the gain to be applied to the
signal coming from the AES3 digital input. Setting a 0dB gain makes
the full-scale digital signal equivalent to an analog input signal of
20dBu.
8.2.1.4 If no link
This menu controls the amplier’s behavior should the AES3 signal
connection fail or become unreliable. The AES3 connection is
considered unreliable when transmission errors are greater than
1% of total data transmitted. The possible options are:
▶
Mute: when the AES3 connection fails, the amplier mutes
the output.
▶
Analog: when the AES3 connection fails, the amplier will rely
on the analog input as backup. This source signal switching is
done in real time in order to avoid any glitches in the audio
feed. If the input levels are correctly matched between analog
input and AES3 input (use the AES3 Gain trim parameter),
the switch between AES3 and analog will be inaudible.
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K Series User Guide
8.2.1.5 Cross Limit
In case of power limiting of only one channel, (see “Limiters” on
page 25) the gain reduction on one channel is mirrored to the
other channel in order to maintain consistent levels. This is useful
in two ways speakers where the limitation of one channel alone
leads to an unbalanced sound. This function can be turned on or
off.
8.2.1.6 Sound speed (m/s)
This menu allow the user to set the sound velocity used for time
to distance conversions throughout the local interface. It can be
set from 320 m/s to 360 m/s.
8.2.2 Channel Settings
All of the following settings are available for both channel 1 and
channel 2. In all the following menus and submenus, the channel
number whose properties are being edited is shown in the top
right hand corner of the menu. If a specic parameter affects both
channels, the top right hand corner will repor t this as “1+2”.
8.2.2.1 EQs
This menu gives access to the parametric output equalizer input
inter face. This menu lists the 16 parametric lters one by one.
The current selected lter number is shown on the left of the rst
line. By pressing the up and down pointing arrows, it is possible
to move from one lter to the next. The lter parameters are
reported on the screen.
PEQ #12 Peak CH1
Freq=21205Hz G=+12dB
BW=0.63oct Q=21.3
back edit
Filter number
Filter type
Filter frequency (Hz)
Filter Gain (dB)
Filter bandwidth (octaves)
Filter Q
Show next
filter
Show previous
filter
Edit this
filter
FIGURE 41: Parametric Equalizer (PEQ) information window
Specically:
▶
Ac tive : de t e r m i n e s if th e l ter is enabled or not (at response)
Gain(dB): lter gain. Can be set only if the lter is a peaking
or shelving lter. Acceptable values go from -15 to +15dBs in
0.1dB s teps
▶
Q factor: quality factor of the lter. This can be user set for
all lters except shelving lters. Acceptable values range from
0.1 to 30 with 0.1 steps.
▶
Bandwidth (oct): the bandwidth of the lter expressed in
octaves around the central frequency. This value is the inverse
of the Q factor; therefore, its value is determined by setting
the Q factor.
▶
Type: allows the user to select the lter type:
1. Peaking
2. Low Shelving (3 to 15dB/oct)
3. High Shelving (3 to 15dB/oct)
4. Low pass EQ
5. High pass EQ
6. Bandstop
When using the analog input to backup a failed AES3 feed, the
analog input connection must be setup based on source type of
input AES3 stream:
AES3 from rear XLR:
the primary audio signal for this amplier conguration is an AES3
signal, fed via the rear panel IN2 with the rear signal type push
button set to “AES/EBU”. The backup analog cable, with an analog
signal identical to that provided by AES3, should be plugged in the
IN1 (analog) plug. The amplier’s source selection must be set
to “Input from CH1”. If the AES3 feed should fail, the amplier
will automatically fall back to the analog input on the CH1 plug.
The signal levels of both primar y AES3 and backup analog signals
should be carefully matched so they are identical. This can be done
using the Gain trim parameter or by adjusting the analog signal
level.
Analog back up cabling
(carrying the same signal as the
CH1 of the AES3 feed)
Digital main cabling
IN1
(analog)
IN2
(AES/EBU)
CH1
CH2
CH1 out
CH2 out
(amplifier in Source Selection
“Parallel from CH1” mode)
main digital connection
analog backup connection
(used if digital fails)
FIGURE 39: Analog back up mode connection: in this example, the
amplier is set to output the AES3 CH1
AES3 from K ASEOP:
the primary audio signal for this amplier conguration is an AES3
signal, fed via an Ethernet port. The backup analog cable, with an
analog signal identical to that provided by AES3, should be plugged
in the IN1 (analog) and IN2 (set to analog) plugs. The amplier’s
source selection can be set to any possible input. If the AES3 feed
should fail, the amplier will automatically fall back to the analog
input on the CH1 and CH2 plugs. The signal levels of both primary
AES3 and backup analog signals should be carefully matched so
they are identical. This can be done using the Gain trim parameter
or by adjusting the analog signal level.
Analog back up cabling
(carrying the same signal as the
CH1 of the AES3 feed)
IN1
(analog)
IN2
(analog)
CH1 out
CH2 out
Analog back up cabling
(carrying the same signal as the
CH2 of the AES3 feed)
Main digital AES3 stream via RJ-45
CH1
CH2
main digital connection
analog backup connection
(used if digital fails)
FIGURE 40: Analog back up mode connection: in this example, the
amplier is set to output the AES3 stream in stereo mode. Other
congurations of the amplier mode are possible.
When the AES3 stream is lost and the analog backup kicks in, a
message on the front panel is displayed and an alarm is sent to the
remote client if one is connected to the amplier.
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K Series User Guide
AES3
input
Analog
input
AES3
gain
Input selection
Mono/Stereo
Selection
To/from
other channel
SigGen
INPUT
PROCESSING
CHANNEL
PROCESSING
SigGen
To power amplifier
MUX
GAIN
INPUT EQ
MAIN
DELAY
Raised Cosine Filters EQ
CHANNEL
PEQ16
GAIN
FIR EQ
CHANNEL
DELAY
LO-PASS
FILTER
HI-PASS
FILTER
POLARITY
PEAK
LIMITER
TruePOWER
LIMITER
16 Band Parametric
Equalizer
Custom
Coeffs FIR
IIR and FIR Linear Phase Crossover Enhanced Limiter
DAMPING
CONTROL
Damping Control and
Cable Compensation
Alignment delay
Speaker
and
Power
Amp
Monitor
Output Current
Output Voltage
Load power
estimation
Load impedance
estimation
FIGURE 38: DSP processing chain
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K Series User Guide
7. Bandpass
8. Allpass
By pressing the “edit” button, the settings for the selected lter
can be changed. The following chart summarizes which parameters
can be edited according to the selected lter type.
Parametric Equalizer (PEQ) settings according to lter type:
lter type
Active
on/off
Freq
(20-20kHz,
1/96 steps)
Gain
(-15 to
+15dB,
0.1dB
steps)
Slope
(3-15dB/
oct)
Q factor
(0.1-30,
0.1 steps)
Peaking
✓ ✓ ✓
-
✓
Low Shelving
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
-
High Shelving
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
-
Low pass EQ
✓ ✓
- -
✓
High pass EQ
✓ ✓
- -
✓
Bandstop
✓ ✓
- -
✓
Bandpass
✓ ✓ ✓
-
✓
Allpass
✓ ✓
- -
✓
8.2.2.2 LP Filter (and HP Filter)
This menu allows the user to congure the crossover lters.
There are 2 available crossover lters: a lowpass and a highpass.
By combining both, the result will be a bandpass response. Both
traditional IIRs (Innite Impulse Response) as well as brickwall
linear phase FIRs (Finite Impulse Response) are implemented. If a
FIR lter in the EQ section is enabled, a FIR crossover lter cannot
be enabled at the same time. The LP or HP lter can be edited
by the user via the main LCD screen. The parameters that can be
user modied are:
▶
active status
▶
frequency
▶
slope
▶
lter type
The classic IIR crossover lter shapes that can be selected as a high
pass or low pass lter are: Butterworth, Bessel, and Linkwitz-Riley.
In the rst 2 cases, the frequency parameter in the edit window
denes the –3dB point, in the latter, the – 6dB point. The slope is
freely selectable from a minimum of 6dB/octave (1st order lter)
to 48dB/octave (8th order lter).
The FIR lters can be selected as normal (FIR Linear Phase) or
enhanced (Hybrid FIR). The enhanced version of the lters gives
a higher rejection of out of band signals, at the expense of a small
(30°@400Hz) phase modication. In both cases, the minimum
working frequency is relative to the desired latency. Standard
setting limit this to 400 Hz. For this reason it is advisable to use
FIR lters to crossover upper midranges or mid-high drivers for
which the phase coherency is a key point.
8.2.2.3 Polarity
This menu allows to reverse the signal polarity. The two selectable
modes are:
▶
In phase: the signal’s polarity is not altered
▶
Reversed: the signal’s polarity is reversed.
8.2.2.4 Channel Delay
This menu allows to set a single channel output delay. This is helpful
to time-align two different loudspeakers on the two amplier
channels. The selectable delay varies from 0 to 32 ms (about 11
meters), with a single sample step (equal to 1/96000th second or
10.4 us, about 3.5 mm)
8.2.2.5 Gain
This menu changes the channel gain, from –40dB to +15dB, with
a 0.1dB step.
8.2.2.6 Limiters
The limiting process in sound reinforcement is a way to protect
loudspeakers from accidental damage; therefore, limiters are a
safeguard against excessive signal peaks and/or signal power. They
not only protect from sudden signal peaks but also they protect
against to an over power delivering.
Bear in mind that limiting does not only prevent occasional
damage, but it rst and foremost guarantees a long component
life. The two main purposes of limiting process are:
▶
Over-excursion: an impulsive signal can reach the speakers
and cause damage due to over-excursion of the voice coil
that is driven out of the magnetic gap (where displacement
exceeds Xmax). This can damage the diaphragm (breaking or
deforming it).
▶
Over-heating: delivering high power to the voice coil may
lead to overheating of the voice coil copper and the relative
magnetic gap. This can damage the isolation copper or burn
out the copper. Another evident high power driving effect is
power compression, noticeable in low frequency speakers.
In order to prevent the two mentioned phenomena two kinds of
limiters are provided:
▶
Peak limiter: protects against mechanical damages. The
peak limiter may also be used to control amplier clipping.
Designers should set this limiter’s parameters as a function of
both the maximum displacement (Xmax) of the diaphragm as
well as the speaker’s maximum tolerated voltage.
▶
RMS limiter: protects speakers against thermal damage when
excessive power is applied for extended periods of time,
resulting in overheating and, eventually, burning. Designers
should be aware of the maximum long term power safely
applicable to speakers (AES power rating). An interesting
approach to RMS limiting is one that uses coil temperature
control. A complete knowledge of the driver’s limits allows to
keep the temperature level in a safe interval not only to avoid
damage but to maintain the speaker in a “linear” zone that
avoids power compression.
Peak Limiter
The peak limiter avoids potentially dangerous displacements of
the cone (an excursion larger that allowed). It acts by reducing
the amplier gain in order to reduce the measured output peak
voltage. Use the declared Peak power or twice the Program power
as a loudspeaker safe-zone output power. The peak limiter’s setting
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K Series User Guide
do not change with the number of parallel speakers connected to
the amplier; this is because the same voltage is applied to all the
components in a parallel circuit. When deciding parameters for a
peak limiter of an amplier with many loudspeakers connected to
it in parallel, the peak power to be taken into consideration is that
reaching only a single speaker.
V
peak
2
P
peak
=
R
V
peak
=
R
Where R is the nominal impedance of only ONE driver, P
peak
is the peak power and V
peak
is the peak output voltage. A peak
limiter, used with a very rapid onset (i.e., with a very short attack
time), can also be useful in limiting the maximum peak voltage in
distributed constant voltage lines.
Powersof t designed the K Series limiters as protective measures;
therefore, they are not meant to “color” the sounds such as
dynamic compressors can do. With this in mind, time constants
for these limiters should be selected so as to limit potentially
harmful phenomena which persist for no more than one or two
periods of the related signal bandwidth. To limit the dangers of
dangerous ver y fast transient signals, all limiters implement a look
ahead time of 0.5s.
The following table gives a few examples of attack and release
times with respect to the frequency range of the signal to be
limited:
FREQUENCY
RANGE (Hz)
AT TACK
TIME (ms)
AT TACK /
RELEASE
R AT I O
RELEASE
TI ME (ms)
<63 45 x16 720
63 -125 16 x16 256
125-250 8 x8 128
250-500 4 x8 32
50 0 -1k 2 x4 8
>1k 1 x2 2
The peak limiter menu allows the user to dene the following
parameters:
▶
Active: toggles the power limiter’s on/off status
▶
Threshold (Vpk): the peak voltage threshold at which the gain
begins to be reduced
▶
Attack: the attack time,i.e. the response time of the limiter
intervention
▶
Release: the decay time, i.e. the time constant after which
the limiter’s action is released and the gain restored to the
nominal value.
Active:ON
back sel
Thresh.(Vpk):169
Attack(ms):10
CH1
FIGURE 42: Peak limiter main screen
In order to avoid choking the exceptional dynamic range offered
by K Series ampliers, the peak limiter is designed to ignore signal
peaks lasting less than the attack time parameter. Moreover,
the limiter has an additional lookahead buffer to soften clipping
and minimize distortion, effectively yielding superior sonic
performance. The lookahead time is 0.5 ms.
When tweaking the peak limiter’s levels, it is preferable to rst
setup the time parameters, and then adjust the threshold voltage.
When editing the threshold value, the display shows the gain
reduction (GR) in dBs enforced by the limiter. This information,
together with the limiting voltage referred to the signal in the input
amplier stage (I) expressed in dBus, is displayed in real time to
allow monitoring of the limiting actions as they are per formed.
Thresh.(Vpk)
ok
fast
- +
169 Vpk
CH1
GR= 0.0dB I= 11.7dBu
FIGURE 43: Peak limiter threshold value editing screen
RMS Limiter
Given the low efciency of electromechanical transducers, almost
50% of power reaching the voice coil is transformed into heat. The
power limiter is intended to avoid melting the voice coils of drivers
while at the same time exploiting their maximum performance. All
the power limiter base their operations on the temporal behavior
of the voltage and the current, this means that the amplier can
knows the real amount of real power delivered to the load. A
correct power limiting is not an easy task and is multifaceted, based
on a number of variable, like the knowledge of the component heat
dissipation and the goals that must be achieved. Therefore may be
difcult and a little bit empirical decide thresholds and constants
time. Power limiters behavior base their operations on a mix based
on threshold, temporal behavior of the output readings (voltage
and/or current) and the type of output readings monitored. The
power limiter should be used to protect the drivers from melting.
It should NOT be engaged at normal working levels. Check the
gain reduction: in order to obtain the optimal sound it should
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K Series User Guide
not be greater than 2-4dB even for the loudest piece of music.
Please note that a common musical signal has very high peaks, but
a rather small average level (high crest factor). A continuous tone
has a much higher average power even if it “sounds” less loud
to the human ear. This must be taken into account while setting
up limiter parameters. The power limiter acts by decreasing the
amplier’s gain in order to reduce the power delivered to the load.
There are three main operating modes for the K Series power
limiters.
True P o w e r
TM
In the TruePower operating mode, the amplier’s active output
power is estimated by measuring the load current. The TruePower
limiter is a Powersoft patent technology useful to avoid overheating
of the voice coil; it can however also be used to avoid power
compression. The amplier’s DSP provides the measurement of
the real power delivered (and then dissipated) to the coil, not the
apparent power handled by the line.
Empirical observation yields the following equation:
P
AES
P
max diss
=
3
where P
AES
is the declared AES Power and P
max dis s
is the maximum
power the speaker can dissipate “in real life”.
If the P
AES
is not available, the P
RMS
(declared maximum RMS
power the loudspeaker can handle) can be used; however, it is
impor tant to proceed with caution in evaluating how the P
RMS
value is obtained. If no other values are declared, this rule of the
thumb can be used: the P
AES
can be estimated as 6dB below the
peak power (¼ of the peak power). It is very important to note
that, contrary to what happens with the peak limiter, setting the
TruePower limiter parameters must take into account the number
of speakers connected to the amplier. This is due to the fact
that the real power is calculated not only with the output voltage
(which is identical for all speakers connected in parallel) but also
with the output current (which changes according to the number
of parallel speakers).
Determining the ideal time parameters for TruePower limiters is a
very empirical process. As a guide, consider this simple rule:
Larger the coil, larger the thermal inertia, larger the time constant.
The following table summarizes this concept with practical
numbers:
Driver voice coil size
(inches) and application
True Power
Threshold
(W)
Attack
time (ms)
Decay
time
(ms)
1” tweeter 10 - 20 100 300
1.5” tweeter 20 - 30 150 300
2” horn driver 20 - 40 200 400
3” horn driver 30 - 50 300 500
4” horn driver 40 - 60 500 3000
2” midrange 30 - 100 500 3000
3” midbass 50 - 150 1000 5000
4” woofer 100 - 200 2000 5000
4” woofer 150 - 250 4000 8000
6” woofer 250 - 500 6000 10000
Power vs V @ 8 Ohm
In the Power vs V @ 8 Ohm operating mode, the amplier’s output
power is estimated by measuring the RMS value of the output
voltage, assuming an 8 ohm load. This mode allows to create
settings that work well for any number of speakers connected
in parallel. For example, if a “Power @ 8 Ohm” limiter is set to
limit the output power to 150W, a single cabinet will be delivered
a maximum of 150W with 8 ohm load. Two speaker cabinets
connected in parallel will be delivered a maximum of 300W with
4 ohm load (“ 8 Ohm loads in parallel) and so on.
This limiter is a pure RMS limiter whose functioning is based
solely on the voltage module measured at the amplier output.
Differently from the TruePower limiter, this limiter does not
take into account the real part of the power; however, it has the
advantage of being independent from the number of cabinets
linked together, just as a peak limiter.
Some attention is needed to set the power threshold. The P
AES
can
be used if it is available. If no other power rating is declared, the
P
RMS
can be used; however, the RMS parameter is a value related
to the maximum manageable power and not the real power.
Proceed with caution because the manageable power could be
greater than the real power. Some constructors declare the RMS
power as the minimum impedance point of the speaker; this,
again, may lead to an overestimation of the true power values the
speaker can handle. If no other values this rule of the thumb can
be used: the P
RMS
can be estimated as 6dB below the peak power
(¼ of the peak power).
In order to preser ve the driver in the long term, once the maximum
power limit is decided upon, consider a power reduction of up to
3dB of that value.
In order to use this limiter correctly, it is impor tant to recalculate
the equivalent power at 8 Ω.
For example:
with an 8 Ω speaker with maximum RMS power of 500W, the
threshold power limit is straightfor ward because the max RMS
power is already given with respect to an 8 Ω load. But if, for
example, the maximum RMS power is 500W for a 4 Ω sp eaker,
the equivalent power at 8 Ω needs to be calculated.
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28
K Series User Guide
To calculate the equivalent power at 8 Ω :
1. calculate the RMS voltage value needed to generate the
maximum RMS power on the 4 Ω speaker:
V
RMS
=
R
where V
RMS
is the RMS voltage of the speaker and P
RMS
is its
maximum RMS power. The RMS voltage of the 4 Ω speaker in the
above example is V
RMS
=4 4 .7 V.
2. calculate the power delivered to a speaker with nominal
impedance of 8 Ω with a V
RMS
voltage:
V
RMS
2
P
RMS equiv
=
8
where P
RMS eq uiv
is the equivalent power on the 8 Ω speaker and
V
RMS
is the RMS voltage value calculated at step 1. In this example
this is 250W. This is the threshold power to set in the limiter.
The time constants for the Power vs V @ 8 Ohm limiter can be set
in the same way as for the TruePower limiter.
Power vs I @ 8 Ω
This limiter’s behavior is similar to the case Power vs V @ 8 Ω with
the difference that all calculations are based on the current (and
not voltage) measured at the output. In this case the formula to
derive the RMS power from the RMS current is:
I
RMS
2
P
RMS
=
R
where P
RMS
is the RMS power and I
RMS
is the RMS current. This
limiter is par ticularly useful in situations where the parameter to
be controlled is the output current (e.g. for tweeters). It is also
useful for special applications such as large coil speakers with
current controls. When determining this limiter’s parameters, it is
necessary to take into account the number of speakers connected
in parallel to the amplier.
Power limiter settings
Power Limiter parameters that can be edited by the user are:
▶
Mode: allows to determine the power limiter
1. OFF/ON turns the limiter on or off
2. TruePower: sets the limiter mode to TruePower
3. Power vs V @ 8 Ohm
4. Power vs I @ 8 Ohm
▶
Soft knee: (ON/OFF)
▶
Thresh.(W): threshold output power level expressed in
Watts at which the gain begins to be reduced
▶
Attack(ms): the time it takes for the limiter to start reducing
the amplier gain once the output power has exceeded the
threshold value
▶
Release (ms): the time cons tant after which the gain is restored
its nominal value once the output power has returned below
the threshold
When editing the power threshold value, the display shows the
gain reduction (GR) in dBs enforced by the combined effect of
the peak and power limiters. This information, together with the
average power truly delivered to the load (Pavg), is displayed in
real time to allow monitoring of the limiting actions as they are
performed.
8.2.2.7 Damping Control
WARNING: when damping control is enabled, a lowpass lter
cutting around 400 Hz is automatically inserted into the amplier
chain. This feature is intended to be used only for subwoofer
applications.
This unique and patented feature allows to add a “virtual” series
resistor to the amplier output. This is done to obtain the desired
damping factor with any cabling used. For this end, the vir tual
series resistor can also have a negative value to compensate cabling
resistance. For example, using a 10 meter cable to powering the
subwoofer means adding a series parasitic resistance of about 0.3
Ohms. By enabling the damping control, a vir tual negative series
resistance can be added to compensate the cable resistance.
Typical cabling resistance:
AWG section area Length (m) Resistance (�)
16 2 x 1.5 mm
2
5 0.13
16 2 x 1.5 mm
2
10 0.26
16 2 x 1.5 mm
2
20 0.52
14 2 x 1.5 mm
2
5 0.08
14 2 x 1.5 mm
2
10 0.16
14 2 x 1.5 mm
2
20 0.32
12 2 x 4 mm
2
5 0.05
12 2 x 4 mm
2
10 0.10
12 2 x 4 mm
2
20 0.20
Another advantage offered by the damping control feature is that
in adding the series equivalent output resistance to the amplier
chain, the voice coil resistance increase due to heating can be
taken into account. This allows to obtain a correctly damped bass
response at average working condition, where the voice coils is
subject to heating due to the passage of current. For example,
if the subwoofers are going to work at close to full power, an
additional negative resistance of 1 to 2 Ohms should be added
to compensate the high resistance generated by the heated voice
coils to obtain a correctly damped response. On the other hand, if
the same subwoofers are working at low power, a smaller negative
resistance should be added: in this case the cooler voice coil
presents a smaller series resistance to be compensated. Leaving
too high an equivalent series resistance results in an overdamped
system.
Typical resistance increase due to voice coil heating. Notice the
exceptionally high value (3.8 Ohm) when the driver reaches it
thermal limit:
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29
K Series User Guide
Average power/
rated power
Power
compression
(dB)
Equivalent series resistance
for 8 � driver (�)
10% 1.4 1.0
20% 2.0 1.4
50% 2.8 2.1
100% 4.5 3.8
8.3 CH1/CH2 Setup
8.3.1 Auxiliary Delay
This delay is a fur ther input delay acting on the input EQ This delay
is not based on the input eq bypass.
8.3.2 Diagnostics
The diagnostics tool allows the user to program and test the
integrity of the input and/or output line. The input test is based
on the detection of a pure tone (generated by an external tone
generator) on any input line. The output test reliess on the
measurement of the impedance at a well dened frequency: the
amplier can generate a pure tone and measure the voltage and
current at the generated tone frequency. It is therefore possible
to recalculate the impedance at that specic frequency. When an
alarm condition is met, the user can be informed of the event via
software or directly from the amplier.
Tone in Alarm
The tone in alarm can measure the integrity of any input line
feeding signal into the amplier. This detector can measure a tone
applied by an external generator.
▶
Tone in Alarm, enable/disable the input tone detection
▶
Tone in Vmin, the frequency of the tone that has to be
detected (range 20 Hz - 24 kHz, step of 10 Hz)
▶
Tone in Vmax, the minimun thershold value that has been
detected (range 0 Vrms - 4 Vrms, step of 10 mVrms )
▶
The maximum threshold value that has been detected (range
0 Vrms - 4 Vrms, step of 10 mVrms )
Tone out gen
The inner tone generator allows the user to generate a tone that
can be used to check the integrity of the output line. This tone
should be used outside of the freqeuncy bandwidth of the driven
speaker to avoid can be listen.
▶
Tone out gen, enable/disable the internal generator
▶
Tone out ampl, the output voltage of th generator (range 0
Vrms - 20 Vrms, step of 1 Vrms
▶
Tone out freq, the frequency of the tone that has to be
generated and eventually detected (range 20 Hz - 24 kHz,
step of 10 Hz)
Tone out alarm
The output tone detection can measure the presence of a tone
generated by an external or internal generator.
▶
Tone out Alarm, enable/disable the output tone detection.
▶
Tone out Vmin, the minimun detected threshold voltage
value (range 0 Vrms - 20 Vrms, step of 1 Vrms )
▶
Tone out Vmax, the maximum detected threshold voltage
value (range 0 Vrms - 20 Vrms, step of 1 Vrms )
Load Alarm
The output Load Monitor allows to detect the impedance load at
a certain frequency. The high resolution algorithm implemented in
this tool allows accurate measures.
▶
Load Alarm, enable/disable the impedance detection.
▶
Load Zmin, the minimun allowed impedance threshold value
(range 0 Ω - 500 Ω, step of 0.1 Ω )
▶
Load Zmax, the maximum allowed impedance threshold
value (range 0 Ω - 500 Ω, step of 0.1 Ω )
Measures
Pressing the button measures gives access to a sub menu where
the various amplier readings are available.
▶
Tone in, measurements of the input tone at the selected
frequency.
▶
Tone out, measurements of the output tone at the selected
frequency.
▶
Z load, measurements of the load at the selected frequency.
8.4 Input EQ
This menu allows to turn on / turn off the input processing block.
This can be useful when resetting the amplier to the original
“output processing only” behavior without using any software.
Turning off the Input EQ, all input processing set up using, for
example, the Armonía Audio Suite can be bypassed at once. It
is advisable to save amplier presets with this setting turned off:
in this way when loading presets the user can be sure that only
the output processing is enabled. The burden of re-enabling and
setting up input processing is left to the remote control software.
8.5 Reset Input Section
This operation disables the input processing (input EQ, input gain
and delay) and resets the aux delay to zero.
8.6 Reset Output Section
This function disables all output EQ, limiter s and damping
functions.
Warning: this operation may potentially damage connected
speakers. Pay special attention to shutting down any audio
source before using this function.
9 Network Operations
Network capabilities and network setting menus are available only
for K Series ampliers equipped with a K AESOP board. K AESOP
stands for K (as in Powersoft’s K Series) AES3 and Ethernet Simple
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30
K Series User Guide
Open Protocol. Powersof t’s K AESOP is designed to provide
high reliability to live applications in harsh environments where
Quality Of Service must be guaranteed. Electromagnetic and
radio frequency inter ference (EMI and RFI) originating from a
high power audio and light system must not degrade audio quality
or cause a control link interruption. Moreover, a single cable or
device failure should not affect the overall system performance.
9.1 User’s introduction to AESOP
The AESOP standard can transport a single bidirectional Ethernet
100Mbps control data stream and two separate AES3 digital audio
monodirectional streams using one CAT-5 cable. All K Series
amplier with the optional KAESOP board installed are equipped
with at least two RJ45 connectors, each a single AESOP por t,
capable of sending and/or receiving data and audio. If the amplier
has only two RJ45 plugs, these will be on the frontal panel. If four
plugs are present, the rear two will be “master” por ts, while the
two on the frontal panel are “slave” ports. Master por ts allow
both data and AES3 streams; slave por ts, on the other hand, are
data-only ports, allowing Ethernet connections only. Ring, daisy
chain and a variety of network topologies are possible using the
dual por t design implemented in all K series ampliers.
9.1.1 Data stream
The data stream in the AESOP is implemented by a 100 Mbit
Ethernet connectivity with auto-sense. The dual port design
in K Series ampliers allows for daisy chain and redundant ring
topologies. A fault-bypass built in feature takes into account the
possibility of loosing an intermediate device or having a faulty
cable link without compromising the ring integrity. Each device can
use a static IP address assigned by the user. Alternatively, it can
be set to automatically congure itself without user intervention
following the Zeroconf protocol. The KAESOP board detects bad
quality connections by counting errors on the Ethernet control.
Faulty connections are automatically switched from 100Mbit/s to
10Mbit /s to attempt to keep the link active even in the worst
case scenarios. Please note that even if crossed Ethernet cables
would work control wise, crossed cables are NOT to be used for
KAESOP connections: they will not allow the AES3 streams to
ow correctly.
9.1.2 Audio
Audio is distributed to devices via the AESOP protocol by 2
independent and separate AES3 streams. These are carried by
two CAT-5 wire pairs unused in the 100 Mbit Ethernet protocol.
AES3 is a license free and well known standard guaranteeing lowlatency, high reliability and excellent audio quality. A single AES3
stream can carry a stereo audio signal. The AESOP protocol can
therefore handle four audio channels.
When a K Series amplier is powered off or if it is unavailable,
a passive high frequency relay circuit allows the audio signal to
pass through, preserving the network chain connection integrity.
When the device is powered up, the internal circuits automatically
select the most appropriate AES3 stream direction and bypass
the relay, re-buffering actively the AES3 signal. The direction is
maintained until error s are detected on the AES3 receiver circuit.
When errors or link failure are detected, the direction is swapped,
to build-up a new path for the audio. In a fraction of a second (no
more than 50ms), some of the devices in a ring will swap to the
other direction, restoring the audio streaming.
9.1.3 Network connections: Ethernet, AES3 forwarding and
repeater modes
Each K Series amplier can be congured to handle the pair of
AES3 streams embedded in the AESOP protocol in one of two
basic network modes: repeater and for warder. The following
section will describe these two different setups in detail. These
are true connection “building blocks”; it is therefore important
to understand these two modes thoroughly before at tempting to
create or modify larger and more complex amplier networks.
The following are denitions of the terms used in this section:
▶
AES3-A STREAM, AES3-B STREAM: streams from the
AESOP CAT-5 network. Each stream can carry a stereo
audio signal.
▶
REAR AES3 STREAM: AES stream from the rear panel CH2
XLR with when the toggle button is in the AES/EBU selected
position.
▶
PORT 1, PORT 2: master RJ45 AES3 and control ports (on
the rear panel of ampliers with four RJ45 ports, on the front
panel for ampliers with only two RJ45 ports).
▶
PORT 3, PORT 4: slave control data-only ports(on the
front panel of ampliers with four RJ45 ports, not present in
ampliers with only two RJ45 ports).
Ethernet internal switch
All control data streams in the KAESOP system are transported
via an Ethernet protocol. Inside all K Series ampliers is an Ethernet
switch connected to each RJ45. This means that the bidirectional
data stream can enter/exit one port and exit/enter any other por t,
either alongside AES3 streams or on its own. Internal routing of
Ethernet networking is automatic and not user controllable. An
internal switch provides packet ooding block services in order to
allow building networks with a ring topology.
KAESOP repeater mode
In the “Repeater” mode, any AES3 stream received on port 1
will be repeated on por t 2 and vice-versa: if the AES3 stream
is received on por t 2 it will be repeated on port 1. This applies
to both AES stream A and AES stream B independently. If an
AES3 stream (A or B) is present as input at both RJ45 por ts (this
can happen when a ring network topology is used), the internal
AESOP repeater feeds only one of the two identical streams
keeping the second stream in standby. If for some reason the rst
stream fails the second stream is used as a backup audio source.
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K Series User Guide
AES3-A stream
Control data stream
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet switch
FIGURE 44: This diagram illustrates a simplied internal AES3 and
Ethernet data path. The amplier is set to repeat the AES3-A stream
coming from master port 1 to master port 2. For consistency, master
ports are placed in the rear of the amp, while slave ports are at
the front. Notice that AES3 streams are monodirectional, while data
stream is bidirectional.
AES3-A stream
Control data stream
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet switch
FIGURE 45: This diagram shows the amplier set to repeat the
AES3-A from master port 2 to master port 1.
AES3-A stream
AES3-B stream
Control data stream
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet switch
FIGURE 46: This diagram shows both AES3 datapaths in repeater
mode. In this example, the AES3-A streams enters por t 2 and is
repeated out of port 1. At the same time, the AES3-B stream is
incoming in port 1 and is repeated outwardly via port 2. All possible
permutations are not displayed.
KEASOP forward mode
When the amplier is set in forward mode, the AES3 signal
coming into the amplier from the rear panel XLR connector is
forwarded to both of the master RJ45 por ts. The rear panel toggle
button nex t to the CH2 XLR connector must be in the “AES/
EBU” position. There are three ways the AES can be for warded:
▶
Forward to AES3-A:
the amplier’s rear panel AES input via the XLR connector will be
routed to the AES stream A on both master ports 1 and 2. If there
is an AES3-B stream incoming from either master ports (1 or 2),
this will be repeated on the other master port. For example, the
gure below shows the “For ward to AES3-A” function where the
AES3 stream coming from the rear XLR connector is forwarded
to the AES3-A stream and no AES3-B stream is present.
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K Series User Guide
AES3-A stream
Control data stream
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet switch
FIGURE 47: Forward to AES3-A signal path. No AES3-B stream
present
This gure, on the other hand, illustrates the signal path in
“For ward to AES3-A” mode when an AES3-B stream is present;
the AES3-B stream is, in this example, incoming through master
port 1. The AES3-A stream, if present will be repeated from/to
master RJ45 ports 1 and 2.
AES3-A stream
AES3-B stream
Control data stream
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet switch
FIGURE 48: Forward to AES3-A signal path and simultaneous AES3-B
stream in repeater mode.
▶
Forward to AES3-B:
the amplier behaves just as in the “for ward to AES3-A” mode
but with respect to the AES3-B stream. The AES3 stream coming
from the rear panel XLR connector will be routed to the AES3-B
stream on both RJ45 ports 1 and 2. The AES3-A stream, if present
will be repeated from/to master RJ45 ports 1 and 2.
AES3-B stream
Control data stream
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet switch
FIGURE 49: Forward to AES3-B signal path. No AES3-A stream
present
AES3-A stream
AES3-B stream
Control data stream
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet switch
FIGURE 50: Forward to AES3-B signal path and simultaneous AES3-A
stream in repeater mode.
▶
Forward to both:
the amplier’s rear panel AES input via the XLR connector will be
routed to both AES3 stream A and AES3 stream B on both main
ports 1 and 2. Repeater functionality will be disabled.
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K Series User Guide
AES3-A stream
AES3-B stream
Control data stream
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet switch
FIGURE 51: AES3 stream coming from the rear XLR stream is routed
to both AES3 streams A and B via the master RJ45 ports.
IMPORTANT: when an amplier is set to forward the XLR AES3
signal to either the AES3-A or AES3-B stream, the amplier can
accept as the sole AES3 input signal the one coming from the
XLR connector. The RJ45 ports cannot, when the amplier is in
forwarding mode on both streams, input an AES3 signal to the
amplier.
9.2 Network robustness
K series ampliers equipped with a KAESOP are capable of
being connected each to the other via a network: using a single
sound source, each amplier in the network can be, for example,
dedicated to providing power audio signal to a given subsection
of a large venue. In dealing with networks of ampliers, one of
the most impor tant aspects to consider, especially when working
in a critical application such as large venue sound distribution, is
the robustness of the network itself. Data and audio connections
can be made “fault proof ”: this means that if for some reason
one audio or data connection should fail, the whole system is not
compromised. The degree of redundancy expresses how many
network connections can break before sound is interrupted in
any one amplier part of the system. A “zero degree” redundant
system is not robust: the rst connection to jump (either from a
cable failure or even from an amplier problem) means the whole
system goes down. A “one degree” redundancy system, on the
other hand, will continue working automatically if one (but no
more than one) connection fails. This happens because K series
ampliers can sense a connection failure and automatically (and
almost instantaneously) inver t the audio feed direction to allow
the source signal to remain uninterrupted.
The following section illustrates and analyzes some common
amplier networks divided by redundancy degrees.
9.3 Network connections
▶
Daisy chain
The following diagrams show a daisy chain connection of 4
ampliers.
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet network
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
Device mode: repeat
Device mode: repeat
Device mode: repeat
AES3 source
AES3-A
Ethernet
FIGURE 52: Daisy chain connection of four ampliers with four RJ45
ports each
Ethernet networkAES3 source
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
AES3-A
Ethernet
FIGURE 53: Daisy chain connection of four ampliers with two frontal
RJ45 ports each
The rst amplier in the chain receives the AES3 input from the
rear panel XLR connector and then forwards it to the AES3-A
(or, alternatively, the AES3-B) stream. In order to do so, the rst
amplier mode is set to “for ward to AES3-A stream”. Instructions
on how to set the amplier mode can be found in section “10.1
Device Mode” on page 36. The second amplier in the chain
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K Series User Guide
receives the AES3-A stream from the master por t number 1. Set
in repeater mode, this amplier relays the AES3-A signal to the
third amplier in the chain via the RJ45 por t number 2. This setup
is repeated until the nal amplier in the chain receives its AES3-A
signal. The rst connection to the Ethernet network is done via
a CAT-5 cable inser ted in any free RJ45 port ( FIGURE 53 shows
port number 3 being used, but ports 2 or 4 could have been used
instead. In FIGURE 54 the only free por t is port number 2). The
control data stream, travelling using the Ethernet standard, travels
within the chain alongside the AES3-A stream in a bidirectional
ma nner.
The daisy chain topology is not robust. If any single AES3 or
Ethernet cable connection is interrupted, the whole system fails.
In the diagram below, if the crossed out connection should fail,
both ampliers number 3 as well as 4 would not be able to receive
any audio signal to play. Their connection to the Ethernet network
would fail as well.
Ethernet networkAES3 source
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
AES3-A
Ethernet
#1
#2
#3
#4
FIGURE 54: Daisy chain connection of four ampliers with two frontal
RJ45 ports each: case of internal connection failure between amps
number 2 and 3
▶
Intermediate audio robust chain
A slightly more robust network with respect to the audio system
is the one illustrated in the following diagram. In this connection,
two ampliers, the rst and the last one in the network, are set to
work in forward mode. The remaining “central ampliers” are set
to work in repeater mode.
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet network
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
Device mode: repeat
Device mode: repeat
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
AES3 source
AES3-A
Ethernet
FIGURE 55: Intermediate connection, internally robust with respect to
the AES3 stream. Four-port-amplier diagram
Ethernet network
AES3 source
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
AES3-A
Ethernet
FIGURE 56: Intermediate connection, internally robust with respect to
the AES3 stream. Two-port-amplier diagram
The fourth amplier’s audio input is the AES3 stream coming from
the XLR connector because it is in forward mode; the AES3-A
stream coming from amplier number 3 via master port 1 is
redundant, meaning it is not necessary for the four th amplier to
produce sound. The reason for this connection is to improve the
robustness of the audio connection of ampliers 2 and 3.
The system’s connections could be interrupted in the following
ways:
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K Series User Guide
If the connection between ampliers 2 and 3 should fail, the
Ethernet network connection would be interrupted but not
the audio stream. As a result of the interruption of the amplier
2-amplier 3 link, amplier number 3 would stop receiving an
incoming AES3 stream from amplier number 2; amplier number
4, however, would continue forwarding the AES3 stream into
amplier 3. This means that amplier 3 would automatically sense
a backup AES3 feed coming from amplier 4.
Ethernet network
AES3 source
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
#1
#2
#3
#4
AES3-A
Ethernet
FIGURE 57: If the connection between ampliers number 2 and
3 should fail, amplier number 4 forwards a backup AES3 stream
towards amplier number 3 so no audio interruption can be heard.
If the connection between ampliers 1 and 2 should fail, no
sound interruption would be heard. In this case, amplier number
4 would still forward its AES3 stream direction to amplier 3.
Ampliers 3 would invert its repeater stream and feed the
AES3 stream to amplier number 2. Amplier number 2 would
therefore be able to continue to reproduce the AES3 stream this
time coming from amplier number 3 instead of amplier number
1. Amplier number 1 reproduces sound from the XLR rear panel
AES3 source.
Ethernet network
AES3 source
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
#1
#2
#3
#4
AES3-A
Ethernet
FIGURE 58: If the connection between ampliers number 1 and 2
should fail, ampliers number 4 and 3 would automatically act as a
backup AES3 stream that can reach amplier number 2 so no audio
interruption can be heard.
The Ethernet network, however, would still be compromised.
If the connection between amplier number 3 and 4 should fail, no
audio interruption would be heard. Amplier number 3 receives
its incoming AES3 stream from amplier number 2. The four th
amplier reproduces sound coming directly from the AES3 source
fed in its rear panel XLR connector.
The robustness of this network is guaranteed for AES3 signals only,
and for a single cable failure at a time. If two or more connections
should fail, one or more ampliers (depending on where the
interruption occurs) would be muted.
▶
Intermediate data robust chain
The audio signal robustness of the previous intermediate chain
example is guaranteed by the double AES3 for ward mode of the
top and bottom ampliers in the chain. The same cane be done for
the Ethernet data connection, using an external switch capable of
managing two (and more) Ethernet streams. The diagram below
shows this conguration for both 4 and 2 -RJ45 ports ampliers.
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K Series User Guide
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Port 3
(slave)
Port 4
(slave)
Ethernet network
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
Device mode: repeat
Device mode: repeat
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
AES3 source
AES3-A
Ethernet
FIGURE 59: Intermediate connection, internally robust with respect to
the AES3 stream. Four-port-amplier diagram
Ethernet network
AES3 source
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: repeat
Port 1
(master)
Port 2
(master)
Device mode: forward to AES3-A
AES3-A
Ethernet
FIGURE 60: Intermediate connection, internally robust with respect to
the AES3 stream. Two-port-amplier diagram
10 KAESOP Network settings menu
In all the menus illustrating a series of possible alternatives that a
specic amplier parameter can have, a diamond shape will mark
the value set for that specic parameter.
Many of the menus in this section require the user to select
one functioning mode from a set of possible alternatives. These
alternatives are all presented in a list. A black diamond shape
next to a specic item in the list indicates that that is the selected
option.
In FIGURE 61, for example, the selected device mode is “For ward
to AES3-A” because the diamond shape appears next to it in the
Device mode list.
Repeat (default)
back
sel
Forward to AES3-A
Forward to AES3-B
FIGURE 61: The black diamond next to the “Forward to AES3-A” item
indicates that it is the currently set device mode
10.1 Device Mode
This parameter sets the amplier mode with respect to the AES3
stream
▶
Repeater: the AES3 stream received on port 1 is repeated to
port 2 and vice versa
▶
Forward to AES3-A: the AES stream from the rear panel XLR
is rerouted to exit both RJ45 master por ts as an AES3-A
stream. The amplier will be in repeater mode with respect
to the AES3-B stream
▶
Forward to AES3-B: the AES stream from the rear panel
XLR is rerouted to exit both RJ45 master ports as an AES3-B
stream. The amplier will be in repeater mode with respect
to the AES3-A stream
▶
Forward to both: the AES stream from the rear panel XLR
is rerouted to both AES3-A and AES3-B streams out both
RJ45 master ports. The repeater mode is disabled in this
conguration.
Note: when an amplier is in forward mode (either to AES3-A,
AES3-B or both) the amplier can only accept the AES signal
coming from the rear panel XLR connector. AES3 streams
incoming from any other RJ45 por t are ignored.
10.2 Addressing Mode
This parameter controls the IP addressing assignment strategy:
▶
“Manual” requires the user to set a valid static address and
subnet mask (and, optionally, the default gateway). The PC
should be on the same subnet of the amplier if no routers
are present between the PC and amplier.
▶
“Automatic” lets the amplier ask and obtain a network
conguration from a DHCP server. Star ting from power-on,
the amplier tries to obtain a valid IP address from a DHCP
server. After a timeout of 30 seconds, if an IP address is not
obtained, the amplier takes an automatic private address in
the range 169.254.x.y, but continues to search for a DHCP
server. When the DHCP becomes available, the address is
updated. If no DHCP ser ver is available, the amplier obtains
an IP address by Automatic IP (local link addressing or
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K Series User Guide
ZeroConf).
The amplier behavior complies with RFC 3927, guaranteeing the
interoperability with any host PC suppor ting this standard.
10.3 Set Address
This menu allows to manually set the amplier’s IP address, subnet
mask and default gateway.
10.4 Show Net Cong
This menu shows the current networking conguration, either set
by the user via the “Set address” menu or obtained automatically
if the automatic addressing mode is selected.
10.5 Audio
10.5.1 Source Selection
This menu allows the user to select the AES3 stream source to
feed the output power stage of the amplier. The AES3 signal can
come from either:
▶
AES3 XLR: the rear panel XLR connector, while the “AES/
EBU-Analog” pushbutton is in the “EAS/EBU” selected
position
▶
AES3-A: the AES3-A stream coming from one of the two
master RJ45 por ts (either the two in the back of the amplier
for 4-port amps, or the two in front for amps with only two
RJ 45 jack s)
▶
AES3-B: the AES3-B stream coming from on of the two
master RJ45 por ts (either the two in the back of the amplier
for 4-port amps, or the two in front for amps with only two
RJ 45 jack s)
10.5.2 Source Mode
This menu allows to selects the channel(s) contained the selected
AES stream to be forwarded to the output power stage of the
amplier. The possibilities are:
▶
Parallel from L: the left channel from the selected AES3
stream (see “8.2.1.1 Source Selection” on page 22) is
forwarded to both amplier channels
▶
Parallel from R: the right channel from the selected AES3
stream (see “8.2.1.1 Source Selection” on page 22) is
forwarded to both amplier channels
▶
Stereo: the right channel from the selected AES3 stream goes
to channel 1 or the amplier; the right channel from the AES3
stream goes to the amplier’s left channel.
10.5.3 G ai n Tr i m
This parameter trims the digital level of the AES3 stream. The gain
trim scale goes from +5dB to -40dB with 0.5dB steps. The 0dB
gain trim level has an analog level equivalent of +13. 5dBu. A 0dBFS
level in the AES3 stream corresponds to an absolute analog level
of +18.5dBu (with a +5dB gain trim level).
Note: please note that when using a digital input , the amplier
will keep a xed 32dB gain.
10.5.4 If no link
This parameter allows the user to choose the behavior of the
amplier when the digital audio stream is missing and the Input
Selection is set as K AESOP=>OUT. The two possible alternatives
are:
▶
Mute: in this case the amplier output is muted
▶
Analog: in this case the amplier automatically switches
to CH1/CH2 analog input if the digital stream is missing,
returning to the digital stream in case this should become
available again. This mode could be used to implement an
analog backup connection for the digital stream.
11 Display
11.1 Output Meters
The output meters screen shows impor tant output signal
information for the amplier. By pressing the right most front
panel button, the screen view is toggled between information
relative to channel 1, channel 2 or relative to the sum of channels
1 and 2
1
The top line in this screen displays the RMS voltage value
of the output, both as a number as well as a horizontal meter
bar. The second and third line display the output RMS current
and power level respectively. The output power reported is a
peak value reading taken every 200 ms. The bottom line of the
screen displays the load impedance as “Zload”. The minimum
output voltage is stored internally and available to remote clients
connected to the amplier. The load impedance is indirectly
inferred by a successive approximations. Time between single
output impedance approximations depends on the output
signal: the greater the amplitude of the signal, the shor ter the
time interval between measurements needed to approximate
the output impedance, the faster the successive approximation
method will converge to the true impedance value.
back
Zload=8.0 C1+2
70 Vrms
9 Arms
630 Watt
FIGURE 62: Output meter s screen for a bridged channel 1/channel 2
connection. Measured load impedance in this example is 8 Ohms.
11. 2 Te m pe r ature
This screen displays the current amplier temperature.
1Note: in the “C1+2” mode, the RMS voltage and power readings
displayed are the average RMS voltage and peak power of each
channel. The RMS current value, on the other hand, is the sum of
each single channel’s RMS current level.
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K Series User Guide
back - +
34°C
FIGURE 63: Current amplier temperature
11. 3 Mains meters
This screen displays the updated mains RMS voltage and RMS
current levels. Values are displayed in numbers and as progress
bars.
Mains meters
back
170 Vrms
20 Arms
FIGURE 64: Updated mains RMS current and voltage values
PLEASE NOTE: the current and voltage levels displayed in this
screen are approximate values: which serve the purpose of giving
a general indication of the mains levels. Please refer to other
sources (such as calibrated multimeters) for reliable and exact
mains voltage and current measurements.
11. 4 Amplier Name
The “Amplier Name” menu gives access to two menu branches:
the “Display Amp data” function and the “Edit Amplier name”
menu.
When the “Display Amp data” function is activated, the main
amplier screen shows the amplier name (20 characters, bold)
blinking to a second screen showing the current selected preset
name (40 characters). If the preset has been altered in any way,
the displayed preset name will have a “Modied” prex to indicate
this.
The amplier name can be assigned by entering the “Edit amplier
name” menu. For information regarding on-screen tex t editing,
please see “12.4 Save local preset” on page 39.
12 Local presets
All K Series ampliers have an on board memory capable of
storing up to 50 presets. An amplier preset is a snapshot of the
current amplier status, including the basic amplier settings and
the KDSP board settings if a DSP board is present.
12.1 Locked presets
When the “locked presets” function is active, a number of presets,
determined by the “Locked bank size” menu, is not over writable.
This function’s status can be toggled on/off by entering the Lock
code. For instructions on how to enter and edit tex t, please see
section “12.4 Save local preset” on page 39.
Lock code
000000
ok sel
-
+
FIGURE 65: Enter the lock code. Select correct digit by using “+” and
“-” buttons. Move to the digit to the right by pressing the “sel” button
If the wrong code is entered, the system simply returns to the
previous local presets menu.
12.2 Locked bank size
This menu allows the user to set the number of locally stored
presets that cannot be overwritten. Either all (50) or none (0) of
the presets can be locked. After entering the correct lock code,
select the number of presets to be write protected.
Locked bank size
ok -
+
10
slow
FIGURE 66: Change the number of locked presets by pressing the “+”
or the “-” buttons. The slow editing mode uses one preset steps; the
fast mode uses 10 presets steps.
When done, press the left most button labelled “ok” to return to
the previous screen.
12.3 Recall local preset
In order to recall on of the 50 locally stored presets, press ok
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K Series User Guide
when the “Recall local preset” line is highlighted. Then use the
middle buttons to navigate for wards or backwards in the existing
presets list. If a preset number is not used, it is labelled <empty>.
Once the desired preset has been found, press the right most
button labelled “ok” to load it.
Select Preset #3
flat
back
ok
FIGURE 67: Preset number 3, named “at” is selected. To load it,
press “ok”. Press “back” to return to the previous screen
Once the preset has been loaded correctly, press the left most
button labelled “back ” to return to the local presets menu.
Preset loaded
back
FIGURE 68: The chosen preset has been loaded correctly. The
amplier’s current settings match those store in the loaded preset
12.4 Save local preset
Save to an empty slot
To save a current amplier setup as a preset to the local memory,
enter the “Save local preset” menu. Select an non used preset
which is labelled empty:
Select preset #1
<empty>
back
ok
FIGURE 69: Preset memor y location number 1 is empty
After pressing “ok ”, the user is asked whether to keep the current
preset name or change it. The current preset name will be
“PRESET” followed by the selected memory slot name if no other
preset has been loaded in the amplier either via remote control
or using a Smar tCard.
Keep this name?
no
yes
PRESET1
FIGURE 70: Pressing “yes” will write the current setup to preset
number one and will name it “PRESET 1”. Pressing “no” will allow the
user to change the preset name
By pressing “no”, the preset name can be edited. The preset name
can be edited one character at a time. The arrow points towards
the active character that is currently being edited. To move from
one character to the next, press the “sel” button. The “+” and “-”
buttons allow to navigate within a standard set of capital letters
and basic punctuation marks.
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST
UVWXYZ !"#$%&'()*+,./0123456789:;<=>?@
FIGURE 71: The list of available characters
When the preset has been correctly saved with the name entered
by the user entered, a conrmation screen will appear (see
FIGU RE 72).
Preset saved.
back
FIGURE 72: Preset saved conrmation screen
Overwriting an existing preset
If the preset location is not empty, the amplier will ask the user
conrmation to overwrite the le. Note that if you have already
input a preset name, or if you have loaded a preset from local
memor y or a Smar tCard, the name is used as starting point for
a new save preset operation. For example, suppose that a preset
named “18IN SUB 1” has been loaded from a SmartCard with the
purpose of saving it in the amplier’s local memory in the preset
slot number 3, as show in FIGURE 73:
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K Series User Guide
Select Preset #3
PRESET 3
back
ok
FIGURE 73: Preset slot number 3 being selected to accommodate the
preset loaded from the Smar tCard.
In this case the amplier asks the user whether to keep the preset’s
name as loaded from the Smar tCard or change it. This is useful for
copying presets from/to SmartCard.
Keep this name?
18IN SUB 1
no
yes
FIGURE 74: Keep this name conrmation screen
By pressing “no” the system will enter in a text editing mode,
allowing the user to choose a preset name. For details on text
editing, see section “Save local preset” on page 39. By pressing
“yes”, the user is prompted to conrm the intention of overwriting
the preset.
Are you sure to
back
ok
overwrite current
preset?
FIGURE 75: This screen prompts the user to conrm overwriting an
existing preset slot
Pressing “ok” will conrm the over write. Once the preset has
been correctly saved a screen will inform the user of this (see
FIGURE 72). Pressing “back ” will return the user to the previous
screen to select another memory slot in which to save the current
preset.
12.5 Change Lock Code
In order to change the lock code used to activate the “Lock
presets” function, the old user code must be entered. Enter the
code by following the text editing procedure described in the
“Save Local Preset” section. Press “ok ” when the code has been
completely entered. If the entered code is correct, another screen
will prompt the user to enter then new lock code. If the entered
code is incorrect, the system returns to the previous screen.
There is no limit on the number of times that an incorrect lock
code can be entered.
12.6 Erase all presets
This function allows to erase all non write protected presets in the
amplier’s internal memory. After having selected this function’s
submenu by pressing “ok ”, a conrmation screen will appear.
Save local preset
back
ok
Clip Limiter CH2:ON
Erase all presets
FIGURE 76: Press “ok” to select the “erase all presets” submenu
Are you sure?
back
ok
FIGURE 77: Erase all preset conrmation request
Pressing “ok” will erase all non protected presets. Pressing “back ”
will return the user to the previous screen. When all non write
protected presets have been erased, a screen conrming this will
appear.
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K Series User Guide
Erased
back
FIGURE 78: All presets have been erased
Please press “back ” to return to the local presets menu.
13 Setup
13.1 Hardware info
This menu allows the user to access various information about the
amplier’s hardware. The rst screen shows the amplier name
followed by:
▶
S/N: serial number of the amplier
▶
Hw ID: hardware ID, selectable via the rotary encoders on
the back panel
Pressing the “more” button on the screen allows to cycle through
a greater number of pages containing more information; the
“back ” button will bring the user back to the previous setup menu.
▶
KFRNT: this is the front panel version
▶
KCTRL: controller version number
▶
KDSP: DSP board version number (available only for models
with the optional DSP board)
▶
KAESOP: network board version number (available only for
models with the optional KAESOP board)
▶
Lifetime: operating hours of the amplier.
13. 2 Hardware monitor
This menu allows the user to access information about the current
amplier system parameter s. These are:
▶
PWRBSCH1: amplier’s power supply voltage for channel 1
▶
PWRBSCH2: amplier’s power supply voltage for channel 2
Pressing the “more” button on the screen allows to cycle through
a greater number of pages containing more information; the
“back ” button will bring the user back to the previous setup menu.
▶
VAUX: internal auxiliary voltage
▶
+5VAN: auxiliary analog voltage
▶
VEXT: external remote control voltage
▶
VAUX: indicates if the power supply auxiliary voltage is
correct
▶
IGBTCONV: indicates the DC/DC converter monitor status
▶
VBOOST: internal post PFC voltage
▶
192KHZ: system clock frequency status
13. 3 LCD contrast
This screen allows the user to set the LCD display contrast using
the “+” and “-” buttons.
Contrast
back
-
+
6
FIGURE 79: Setting screen for the LCD display contrast
13.4 Key Locking and Setting The Keylock Code
In order to prevent the amplier’s settings from being altered by
acting on the front panel commands, the “lock” function can be
activated if the corresponding button is held pressed for more
than 1 second; in this case all other buttons are locked. Unlocking
buttons is done in the same way, but an unlock code is required
for security reasons. In order to enter an unlock code for the
amplier, select the “Set Keylock Code” from the Setup Menu.
Please not that this screen can also be accessed by pressing the
“unlock ” button in the main screen when the amp is in locked key
mode. Using the two central buttons, chose and set an unlock
code. Pressing the right most key (labelled “sel”) allows to select
the desired digit.
Set keylock Code
000000
back
sel
-
+
FIGURE 80: Setting the keylock code screen
13. 5 Single Channel Muting
Muting of one channel at a time can be done via the “mute”
function directly from the amplier’s front panel. Pressing the
button directly below the “mute” label can mute each channel
individually; in this case, the on screen channel-specic parameters
are replaced by the “muted” label. Unmuting the channels is done
by pressing the “mute” button again.
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K Series User Guide
lock
mute mute menu
CH1 READY
V I MUTED
FIGURE 81: Example of a muted right channel. To unmute the
channel, press the right most “mute” button again
14 Protection
In order to protect your device and your speakers from accidental
damage, K Series ampliers include an ex tensive automatic
protection system. In the following sections, potentially dangerous
scenarios and the ampliers’ corresponding protective response
are explained in detail.
14.1 Turn-On/Turn-Off muting
For about four seconds after turn-on, and immediately at turn-off,
the amplier outputs are muted. Class D ampliers may cause
severe speaker damage at power up due to the high voltage levels
at the output stage. In order to avoid this, the outputs are muted
for about 4 seconds after turn on. Similarly, turning off the amplier
can cause the same problem: outputs are muted immediately at
turn off.
14. 2 Short circuit protection
Shor t circuits or ver y low impedance loads may destroy the
output stage of any amplier. In order to protect the amplier
from the dangerously high current surges arising from accidental
output short circuits or low impedance loads, all K series amps
block channel activity when the current drawn from the load rises
above a set value. In case of shor t circuit, the topmost front panel
red LED will light-up. At the same time, the “PROT” warning
appears in the rst line of the LCD display. The channel is muted
for 2 seconds after which the amplier will check whether the
current draw is still over the safety threshold. Should this be the
case, the amplier will mute the channel for another 2 seconds
and the procedure will reiterate. The amplier will therefore
automatically self-reset the channel every 2 seconds. Once the
amplier channel has undergone 50 resets and the output current
draw is still above safe limits, the channel enters a permanent
protection mode: an on/off cycle is needed to restart the unit and
restore it to full functioning mode. The red LED will be turned off
and the amplier will return to normal operating conditions only
when the output current draw returns to acceptable levels.
14. 3 Thermal protection
All K Series ampliers use a continuously variable speed fan to
assist cooling (the fan speed changes in response to the amplier’s
cooling needs). If the heat sink temperature reaches approximately
80°C , the yellow front panel LED star ts blinking. If the temperature
should rise above 85°C the thermal sensing circuitry will mute each
power section channels, the yellow LED will be steadily on, and
the power supply will be cut off. At the same time, the “PROT”
warning appears in the rst line of the LCD display. Once the
heatsink has cooled down, the amplier will automatically reset
and the yellow LED will go off. One possible way to reduce the
temperature is to reduce the output power.
14.4 DC fault protection
In order to protect your speakers from mechanical damage caused
by a DC signal coming from the amplier’s output, a DC detection
circuit is placed between the amplier’s output stage and power
supply. If a DC signal or excessive subsonic energy appears at a
channel output an instantaneous protection circuit will cut off the
power supply to both channels. Power supply shutdown is used
instead of speaker relays in order to improve the damping factor
and reliability of K Series ampliers. At the same time, the “PROT”
warning appears in the rst line of the LCD display.
14. 5 Input/Output protection
An ultrasonic network decouples radio frequencies from the
outputs keeping the amplier stable with reactive loads and
protects the loudspeakers against strong ver y high frequency nonmusical signals above the audible range.
15 User Maintenance
15.1 Cleaning
Before attempting to clean any part of the amplier, rst disconnect
the AC main source. Use a soft cloth and mild nonabrasive
solution to clean the faceplate and chassis. WARNING! Never let
any liquid reach the internal parts of the amplier.
15. 2 Service
There are no user-serviceable parts in your amplier. Refer
servicing to qualied technical personnel. In addition to having an
in-house service department, Powersoft supports a network of
authorized service centers. If your amplier needs repair contact
your Powersoft dealer (or distributor). You can also contact the
Powersof t Technical Service depar tment to obtain the location of
the nearest authorized service center.
15. 3 Dust Removal
In dusty environments, the front side air lters clog with dust after
prolonged use. The dust gathered in the lters will interfere with
cooling. You may use compressed air to remove the dust from
lters. To remove air lters:
1. rst unscrew the 2 M2 5X8 screws at the sides of the frontal
panel
2. rotate the covering grill
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K Series User Guide
3. repeat the same operation for the other covering grill
cover grill
screw filter
FIGURE 82: Air lter removal
Air lter cleaning should be scheduled according to the dust levels
in the amplier’s operating environment.
16 Warranty
Product Warranty:
Powersof t guarantees its manufactured products to be free from
defective components and factory workmanship for a period of 48
(forty eight) months, starting from the date of purchase printed on
Powersof t’s (or any of its Authorized Dealer’s) invoice to the end
customer. All warranty repairs and retrots must be performed at
Powersof t facilities or at an Authorized Service Center at no cost
for the purchaser. Warranty exclusion: Powersoft’s warranty does
not cover product malfunctioning or failure caused by: misuse,
abuse, repair work or alterations performed by non-authorized
personnel, incorrect connections, exposure to harsh weather
conditions, mechanical damages(including shipping accidents), and
normal wear and tear. Powersoft will perform warranty services
provided that the product is not damaged during transpor tation.
Return of Goods:
Goods can be returned to Powersoft only after they have been
granted a Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) number to be
attached to the external packaging. Powersoft (or its Authorized
Service Center) has the right to refuse any returned good without
a RMA number.
Repair or replacement:
Powersof t reserves the right to repair or replace any defective
goods covered by product warranty at its sole discretion and as it
deems best. Cost and responsibility of transport: The purchaser
(or end user/customer) is solely responsible for all transportation
costs and risks associated with sending warranty covered goods
to Powersoft or its Authorized Service Center. Powersoft will
assume full responsibility and cover all costs incurred to send the
goods back to the purchaser (or end user/ customer).
17 Assistance
Even though most product malfunctioning can be solved at your
premises through Powersoft Customer Care or your direct
knowledge, occasionally, due the nature of the failure, it might be
necessary to return defective products to Powersoft for repair.
In the latter case, before shipping, you are kindly asked to follow
step by step the procedure described below: Obtain the “Defect
Repor t Form” contacting our Customer Care Department via
email:
service@powersoft.it
or download the “Defect Report Form”. Fill out one “Defect
Repor t form” for each returned item (the form is an editable
tab guided document) and save as your name, amp model and
serial Number (for example: distributornamek10sn17345.doc)
providing all required information except the RMA code/s and
send it to service@ powersoft.it for Powersoft approval. In case
of defect reports approved by the Powersoft Customer Service
Representative you will receive an RMA authorization code (one
RMA code for each returning device). Upon receiving the RMA
code you must package the unit and attach the RMA code outside
the pack, protected in a waterproof transparent envelope so it is
clearly visible. All returning items must be shipped to the following
address:
Powersof t srl
Via Enrico Conti, 13-15
50018 Scandicci (FI) Italy
In case of shipment from countries NOT belonging to the
European Community make sure you have also followed the
instructions described in the document available for download at
the following link:
http://www.powersoft-audio.com/en/component/docman/
doc_download/298-temporary-export-import-procedure.
h t m l ? I te m i d =111
TEMPORARY EXPORTATION / IMPORTATION PROCEDURE
Thank you for your understanding and cooperation and continued
suppor t as we work to improve our partnership.
18 Appendix
18.1 Custom Ethernet/AES3 combo box
It is possible to build a custom box to combine the Ethernet signal
and AES3 signal/s in a single RJ45 connector. This makes it possible
to avoid the using ampliers in a network in forwarding mode. This
increases system robustness, as an amplier in forward mode can
receive input only from the rear panel XLR; on the other hand, the
repeater mode allows the amplier to reroute its incoming signal
automatically from either one of two master ports (see “Network
Operations” on page 29).
Following the AESOP standard RJ45 pin out illustrated in the
“Ethernet Connection” on page 15, the following diagram
shows the pin-out of the adapter box.
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K Series User Guide
AES3-A
XLR
connector
AES3-B
XLR
connector
Ethernet
RJ-45
connector
single output RJ-45 connector
2
323
1 82 3 4 5 6 71 82 3 4 5 6 7
Please note that the maximum cable length from the AES3 source
that allows reliable connections is:
▶
90m for Ethernet standard
▶
250m for AES3 standard
on a Cat 5e/Cat 6 cable. If a mixed AES3/Ethernet standard is
used, the maximum cable length is the more restrictive of the two
standards (90m).
18.2 Amplier Error Codes
The error code value displayed in the main screen is the sum of
the single error code values. An “error” occurs when the following
voltage values or power conditions fall outside normal ranges.
Error Code Error Description
1 192 kHz clock not present
2 Positive 15V aux
4 Negative 15V aux
8 Positive 5V analog
100 Negative power bus CH1
200 Negative power bus CH2
2000 Positive power bus CH1
4000 Positive power bus CH2
8000 External auxiliary voltage
Check rail fuses Check rail fuses CH1 and CH2
For example:
4301=4000+200+100+1 means there are 4 distinct errors
▶
Positive power bus CH2
▶
Negative power bus CH2
▶
Negative power bus CH1
▶
192KHz clock not present
18.3 SmartCard function
A maximum of 150 presets can be easily stored in a standardsized SmartCard. Please note that Smar tCards for K Series
presets must be initialized by Powersoft. In order to access the
Smar tCard menu, simply insert the card in the amplier as shown
in APPENDIX FIGURE 2.
contacts on the
side facing down
APPENDIX FIGURE 2: How to insert the SmartCard in the amplier’s
front slot
APPENDIX FIGURE 1: Pin out diagram for female connector s in a custom Ethernet/AES3-A/B box
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K Series User Guide
The main Smar tCard menu will allow the user to save or recall
presets stored on the card. Please see “12 Local presets” on page
38 for instructions on how to store and load presets in K series
ampliers.
Recall local preset
Save local preset
back
ok
APPENDIX FIGURE 3: The main SmartCard menu is visible when the
card is inserted in the amplier’s frontal slot
Please note: if the inserted card is blank, the “Recall local preset”
option will not be displayed in the main Smar tCard menu.
18.4 Control Software
18.4.1 Powersoft’s Armonía Pro Audio Suite
Armonía is Powersof t’s application software specically designed
to be used with K Series ampliers. Communication between
the software and the amplier is established via an RS-485 or
Ethernet connection, depending on the available ports.
Armonía provides control and monitoring of a wide range of
amplier functions, such as attenuation, mute, internal temperature
and voltage rail monitoring. Ampliers in the K Series may also be
tted with the optional Powersoft DSP card allowing Armonía
to control a greater range of features, including input and output
equalization, alignment delays, FIR lters and load impedance
monitoring.
Armonía is scalable: it allows control of a single Powersoft amplier
or a very large system containing many ampliers. For large xed
or touring installations, Armonía gives the operator the ability
to monitor and control all ampliers in the system from a single
location, regardless of the ampliers’ positions.
This software has been designed to accept software plug-ins
to enable third-party product control. Fur ther information is
available on the website (www.armoniasuite.com) as plug-ins
become available.
Powersof t ampliers can connect to a PC running Armonía in
two ways: with an RS-485 serial connection or via Ethernet. K
Series ampliers can be equipped with either or both methods
of connectivity. Please bear in mind that Ethernet is a faster
communications protocol than serial RS-485. Systems employing
both categories of ampliers may use both methods simultaneously:
an Ethernet network being implemented for some ampliers, and
RS-485 for the others. The range of network topologies which
can be used in wiring a real system varies between the two
communications methods. Ethernet provides a slightly greater
degree of freedom, as standard IT network switches may be used
to create multiple hub-and-spoke systems as well as a single huband-spoke and linear daisy-chaining. A looped Ethernet topology
is also permissible, which will provide redundancy in the event of
a network failure. An amplier system using an RS-485 network
can either be daisy-chained throughout or use the Powersoft
PowerHub as a local switch.
Armonía is free. It can be downloaded after signing up for our user
forum: see the “Armonía Suppor t Forum” section at
www.powersoft-audio.com
18.4.2 Third Party Controls
The K Series provides plug-ins for different third party controls,
developed for Powersoft by independent consultants specialized
in systems integration designs. These plug-ins provide integrated
monitoring and control of K Series ampliers, leading to the
possibilities of setting up complex integrated systems. These plugins can be downloaded from ww w.powersof t-audio.com at our
“Software/Third Party Plug-Ins” section.
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K Series User Guide
19 Technical Specications
FIGURE 83: Output stage block diagram for all K Series ampliers
FIGURE 84: Power supply block diagram for all K Series ampliers
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K Series User Guide
456 mm / 18 in
(K2/K3: 338 mm / 13.3 in)
466 mm / 18.3 in
(K2/K3: 348 mm / 13.7 in)
497 mm / 19.6 in
(K2/K3: 380 mm / 15 in)
25 mm / 1 in
44.5 mm / 1.7 in
440 mm / 17.3 in
465 mm / 18.3 in
483 mm / 19 in
16 mm
/ 0.6 in
6 mm
/ 0.2 in
6.25 mm / 0.2 in
32 mm / 1.26 in
8 mm / 0.3 in
FIGURE 85: K Series dimensions
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K Series User Guide
19.1 K2
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/c h 4 Ω 8 Ω
2,40 0 W 1,950 W 1,000 W 4,800 W 3,90 0 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 140 V
peak
/ 102 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 75 W 1.3 A 64 W 1.12 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 609 W 3 .1 A 609 W 6 .3 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1, 219 W 5.7 A 1,219 W 11. 4 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, continuousl y var iabl e spee d, temper ature cont roll ed, front to r ear airow
Idle 382 BTU /h 96 kcal/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 722 BT U/h 182 kcal/h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,062 B TU /h 268 kc al/h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 4.48 V 3 .17 V 2.47 V 1.59 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >106dBA (20 H z - 20 kHz, A weig hted )
Crosst alk se paration > 70dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0.2% from 1W to full powe r (typi call y <0.0 5%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lte r bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP (optional)
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushb ut tons , func tion depe nding on user menu ; mains swit ch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/ wri ter for rmware u pdates and prese t storage . Eas y accessible dust lter foam be hind t wo steel cove rs
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® XLR femal e; AES3: use channe l 2 XLR
Audio si gnal output connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® XLR male
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t RS4 85 1 x RJ45 with 2 recess ed rot ar y encod ers for ID se lec tion
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
IEC20A wit h IEC20A Schuko for EU, IEC20A/Amer ican 15 A pin plug
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 380 mm / 15”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
8 kg (17.7 lb)
Page 49
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49
K Series User Guide
19.2 K2 DSP+AESOP
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
2,40 0 W 1,950 W 1,000 W 4,800 W 3,900 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 140 V
peak
/ 102 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 88 W 1.35 A 69 W 1.2 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 609 W 3 .1 A 609 W 6 .3 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1, 219 W 5.7 A 1,219 W 11. 4 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, continuousl y var iabl e spee d, temper ature cont roll ed, front to r ear airow
Idle 382 BTU /h 96 kcal/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 722 BT U/h 182 kcal/h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,062 B TU /h 268 kc al/h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 4.48 V 3 .17 V 2.47 V 1.59 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18 dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >106dBA (20 H z - 20 kHz, A weig hted )
Crosst alk se paration > 70dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0.2% from 1W to full powe r (typi call y <0.0 5%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lte r bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushb ut tons , func tion depe nding on user menu ; mains swit ch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/writer for rmwar e upda tes an d pres et st orage. Ea sily accessible dust lter foam be hind t wo steel cov ers
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® XLR femal e; AES3: use channe l 2 XLR
Audio si gnal output connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® XLR male
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t Ethe rnet 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
IEC20A wit h IEC20A Schuko for EU, IEC20A/Amer ican 15 A pin plug
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 380 mm / 15”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
8 kg (17.7 lb)
Page 50
▶
50
K Series User Guide
19.3 K3
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
2,800 W 2,600 W 1,4 00 W 5,6 00 W 5,200 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 165 V
peak
/ 102 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 75 W 1.3 A 64 W 1. 12 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 813 W 4 A 8 13 W 8 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,625 W 7. 4 A 1, 625 W 14. 8 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, continuousl y var iabl e spee d, temper ature cont roll ed, front to r ear airow
Idle 382 BTU /h 96 kcal/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 836 BTU /h 211 k ca l/ h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,390 B TU /h 326 kcal/h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 5.30 V 3.75 V 2.66 V 1.88 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18 dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >106dBA (20 H z - 20 kHz, A weig hted )
Crosst alk se paration > 70dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0.3% from 1W to full powe r (typically <0.05%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lte r bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP (optional)
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushb ut tons , func tion depe nding on user menu ; mains swit ch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/writer for rmwar e upda tes an d pres et st orage. Ea sily accessible dust lter foam be hind t wo steel cov ers
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® XLR femal e; AES3: use channe l 2 XLR
Audio si gnal output connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® XLR male
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t RS4 85 1 x RJ45 with 2 recess ed rot ar y encod ers for ID se lec tion
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
IEC20A wit h IEC20A Schuko for EU, IEC20A/Amer ican 15 A pin plug
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 380 mm / 15”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
8 kg (17.7 lb)
Page 51
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51
K Series User Guide
19.4 K3 DSP+AESOP
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
2,800 W 2,600 W 1,4 00 W 5,6 00 W 5,200 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 165 V
peak
/ 102 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 88 W 1.35 A 69 W 1.2 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 813 W 4 A 8 13 W 8 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,625 W 7. 4 A 1, 625 W 14. 8 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, continuousl y var iabl e spee d, temper ature cont roll ed, front to r ear airow
Idle 382 BTU /h 96 kcal/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 836 BTU /h 211 k ca l/ h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,390 B TU /h 326 kcal/h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 5.30 V 3.75 V 2.66 V 1.88 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18 dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >106dBA (20 H z - 20 kHz, A weig hted )
Crosst alk se paration > 70dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0.3% from 1W to full powe r (typically <0.05%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lte r bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers total
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushb ut tons , func tion depe nding on user menu ; mains swit ch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/ wri ter for rmware u pdates and prese t storage . Dus t lte r foam behind two steel covers
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® XLR femal e; AES3: use channe l 2 XLR
Audio si gnal output connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® XLR male
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t Ethe rnet 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
EC20A w ith I EC20A Schuko for EU, I EC20A/Am erican 15A pin plug
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 380 mm / 15”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
8 kg (17.7 lb)
Page 52
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52
K Series User Guide
19.5 K6
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
3,60 0 W 2,500 W 1,3 00 W 7, 2 00 W 5,000 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 153 V
peak
/ 125 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 84 W 1.03 A 91 W 1. 11 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 781 W 4 .1 A 781 W 8. 2 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,563 W 7. 4 A 1, 563 W 14. 8 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, continuousl y var iabl e spee d, temper ature cont roll ed, front to rear airow
Idle 546 BTU/h 138 k ca l/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 982 BTU /h 248 kcal/h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,419 BT U/ h 358 kcal /h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 5 .11 V 3.62 V 2. 56 V 1. 81 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18 dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >110dBA (20 Hz - 20 k Hz, A we ighted)
Crosst alk se paration > 66dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IMD/DI M 100 IM D <0. 5% from 1W to full powe r (typically <0.05%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lte r bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP (optional)
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushbuttons, function depending on user menu
Power swi tch
Mains switch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/writer for rmwar e upda tes an d pres et st orage. Ea sily accessible dust lter foam be hind t wo steel cov ers
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® Combo XLR female/1/4” jack ; AES3 : use cha nnel 2 XLR
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t RS4 85 1 x RJ45 with 2 recess ed rot ar y encod ers for ID se lec tion
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
AMP CP C 45A on rear pan el; AMP CPC 45A conne cto r mounted on a 3 x 5m m
2
(10AWG) cable
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 475 m m / 18.7”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
12 kg (26. 5 lb)
Page 53
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53
K Series User Guide
19.6 K6 DSP+AESOP
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
3,60 0 W 2,500 W 1,3 00 W 7, 2 00 W 5,000 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 153 V
peak
/ 125 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 84 W 1.17 A 91 W 1.3 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 781 W 4 .1 A 781 W 8. 2 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,563 W 7. 4 A 1, 563 W 14. 8 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, continuousl y var iabl e spee d, temper ature cont roll ed, front to r ear airow
Idle 546 BTU/h 138 k ca l/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 982 BTU /h 248 kcal/h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,419 BT U/ h 358 kcal /h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 5 .11 V 3.62 V 2. 56 V 1. 81 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18 dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >110dBA (20 Hz - 20 k Hz, A we ighted)
Crosst alk se paration > 66dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0. 5% from 1W to full powe r (typically <0.05%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lte r bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushbuttons, function depending on user menu
Power swi tch
Mains switch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/writer for rmwar e upda tes an d pres et st orage. Ea sily accessible dust lter foam be hind t wo steel cov ers
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® Combo XLR female/1/4” jack ; AES3 : use cha nnel 2 XLR
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t Ethe rnet 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
AMP CP C 45A on rear pan el; AMP CPC 45A conne cto r mounted on a 3 x 5m m
2
(10AWG) cable
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 475 m m / 18.7”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
12 kg (26. 5 lb)
Page 54
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54
K Series User Guide
19.7 K8
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
4,800 W 3,000 W 1,5 00 W 9,6 0 0 W 6,000 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 169 V
peak
/ 125 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Univers al, regula ted switch mode with PF C (Power Factor Cor rec tio n)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ
) >0.95 @ >500 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 84 W 1.03 A 91 W 1. 11 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 938 W 4.8 A 938 W 9.5A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,875 W 8.7 A 1, 875 W 17.4 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, contin uously var iable speed, te mper atu re controlled, f ront t o rear a ir ow
Idle 546 BTU/h 138 k ca l/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,069 B TU /h 270 kcal/ h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1, 593 B TU/h 402 kcal/h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 5. 50 V 3.90 V 2.75 V 1.95 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21d Bu 18dBu
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu -61dBu
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier section) >110dBA (20 Hz - 20 k Hz, A weight ed)
Crosst alk se paration > 66dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0. 5% from 1W to full power (typic ally <0 .05% )
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lter bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP (optional)
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic rang e and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 stored lo cally + 150 stor ed on a sm ar tcard
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time alignment up to 4 s on the i nput s ect ion, u p to 32 ms pe r out put , sample- by-sa mple step ping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Link witz- Rile y, Bessel, Ar bit rary Asymm etr ic, 6dB/oc t to 48d B/oc t (II R), linear pha se (F IR), hybrid (FIR+I IR)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p to
384 ta ps @ 48 or 96 k Hz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, raised cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er cha nnel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RMS voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gr een, 1 x yellow, 1 x red, top yell ow and r ed show alar m wit h protect descr iption on LCD pa nel
Controls
4 pushbuttons, function depending on user menu
Power swi tch
Mains switch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl . AES3 2 x RJ45 w ith activit y LEDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard rea der/ wri ter fo r rmware u pdates and prese t storage . Eas ily accessib le dus t lt er foam behind two s teel cover s
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced Neut rik ® Combo XLR female/1/4” jack ; AES3 : use cha nnel 2 X LR
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x N eutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t RS4 85 1 x RJ45 w ith 2 r ecessed rot ar y encoder s for ID selec tion
Aux voltage 1 x 2-p in Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
AMP CP C 45A on rear panel; AMP CPC 4 5A connecto r mounted on a 3 x 5m m
2
(10AWG) cable
Controls
1 x link switch, lin king a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog input switch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44. 5 mm / 1 RU, D 475 mm / 18.7 ”
Page 55
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55
K Series User Guide
19.8 K8 DSP+AESOP
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
4,800 W 3,000 W 1,5 00 W 9,6 0 0 W 6,000 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 169 V
peak
/ 125 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 84 W 1.17 A 91 W 1.3 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 938 W 4.8 A 938 W 9.5A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,875 W 8.7 A 1,875 W 17.4 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113 ° F
Thermal dissipation Fan , continuou sly va ria ble sp eed, t empe rat ure co ntro lled , front to rear air ow
Idle 546 BTU/h 13 8 k cal /h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,069 BT U/h 270 kca l/h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,593 BTU/ h 402 kcal /h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 5.50 V 3.9 0 V 2.75 V 1.95 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18d Bu
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dBu
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 k Hz (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >110dBA (20 Hz - 20 kH z, A weighted )
Crosst alk se paration > 66d B @ 1 kHz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0 .5% from 1W to full power (typically <0. 05%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, input l ter by pass ed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >50 00 @ 20 -200 H z
DSP
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushbuttons, function depending on user menu
Power swi tch
Mains switch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/ wri ter for rmware u pdates and prese t storage . Eas ily accessib le dus t lt er foam behind two s teel cover s
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® Combo XLR female/1/4” jack ; AES3 : use cha nnel 2 XLR
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t Ethe rnet 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
AMP CP C 45A on rear pan el; AMP CPC 45A conne cto r mounted on a 3 x 5m m
2
(10AWG) cable
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 475 m m / 18.7”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
12 kg (26. 5 lb)
Page 56
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56
K Series User Guide
19.9 K10
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
6,000 W 4,000 W 2,000 W 12,000 W 8,000 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 200 V
peak
/ 125 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 84 W 1.03 A 91 W 1. 11 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,250 W 6 .1 A 1, 25 0 W 12. 2 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 2, 50 0 W 11. 3 A 2,500 W 22.6 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, continuousl y var iabl e spee d, temper ature cont roll ed, front to r ear airow
Idle 546 BTU/h 138 k ca l/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,24 4 BT U/h 314 k ca l/h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,943 BT U/ h 4 91 k ca l /h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 6 .34 V 4.49 V 3.18 V 2.25 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18 dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >110dBA (20 Hz - 20 k Hz, A we ighted)
Crosst alk se paration > 66dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0. 5% from 1W to full powe r (typically <0.05%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lte r bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP (optional)
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushbuttons, function depending on user menu
Power swi tch
Mains switch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/writer for rmwar e upda tes an d pres et st orage. Ea sily accessible dust lter foam be hind t wo steel cov ers
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® Combo XLR female/1/4” jack ; AES3 : use cha nnel 2 XLR
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t RS4 85 1 x RJ45 with 2 recess ed rot ar y encod ers for ID se lec tion
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
AMP CP C 45A on rear pan el; AMP CPC 45A conne cto r mounted on a 3 x 5m m
2
(10AWG) cable
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 475 m m / 18.7”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
12 kg (26. 5 lb)
Page 57
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57
K Series User Guide
19.10 K10 DSP+AESOP
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
6,000 W 4,000 W 2,000 W 12,000 W 8,000 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 200 V
peak
/ 125 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 84 W 1.17 A 91 W 1.3 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,250 W 6 .1 A 1, 25 0 W 12. 2 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 2, 50 0 W 11. 3 A 2,500 W 22.6 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, continuousl y var iabl e spee d, temper ature cont roll ed, front to r ear airow
Idle 546 BTU/h 138 k ca l/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,24 4 BT U/h 314 k ca l/h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 1,943 BT U/ h 4 91 k ca l /h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 6 .34 V 4.49 V 3.18 V 2.25 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18 dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >110dBA (20 Hz - 20 k Hz, A we ighted)
Crosst alk se paration > 66dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0. 5% from 1W to full powe r (typically <0.05%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lte r bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushbuttons, function depending on user menu
Power swi tch
Mains switch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/writer for rmwar e upda tes an d pres et st orage. Ea sily accessible dust lter foam be hind t wo steel cov ers
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® Combo XLR female/1/4” jack ; AES3 : use cha nnel 2 XLR
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t Ethe rnet 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
AMP CP C 45A on rear pan el; AMP CPC 45A conne cto r mounted on a 3 x 5m m
2
(10AWG) cable
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 475 m m / 18.7”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
12 kg (26. 5 lb)
Page 58
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58
K Series User Guide
19.11 K20
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
9,000 W 5,20 0 W 2,70 0 W 18,000 W 10,40 0 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 225 V
peak
/ 125 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 88 W 1.17 A 90 W 1.15 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,62 5 W 7.9 A 1,625 W 15. 8 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 3,250 W 14 .7 A 3,250 W 29.3 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, con tinu ously variable speed, tem per atur e controlled, fr ont to r ear ai r ow
Idle 682 BTU /h 17 2 kca l/h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,59 0 BT U/h 402 kcal /h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 2 ,498 BTU/h 631 kcal /h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 7.3 7 V 5.22 V 3 .68 V 2 .62 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18 dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu -61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kHz (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >110dBA ( 20 Hz - 20 k Hz, A we ighted)
Crosst alk se paration > 66dB @ 1 kHz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IM D/DI M 100 IM D <0.5% from 1W to full power (t ypic ally <0 .05% )
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, input lte r bypassed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >5000 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP (optional)
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR
up to 384 taps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushbuttons, function depending on user menu
Power swi tch
Mains switch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard re ader/wr ite r for rmware up date s and prese t sto rag e. Ea sily accessibl e dus t lter foam behi nd two steel covers
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® Combo XLR female/1/4” jack ; AES3 : use cha nnel 2 XLR
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t RS4 85 1 x RJ45 with 2 recess ed rot ar y encod ers for ID se lec tion
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
AMP CP C 45A on rear panel; AMP CPC 45A conne cto r mounted on a 3 x 5m m
2
(10AWG) cable
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 475 m m / 18.7”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
12 kg (26. 5 lb)
Page 59
▶
59
K Series User Guide
19.12 K20 DSP+AESOP
Specications
General
Numbe r of channels 2
Output power stereo mode mono-bridged mode
EIAJ Test Standard , 1 kHz , 1% THD 2 Ω/ch 4 Ω/ch 8 Ω/ch 4 Ω 8 Ω
9,000 W 5,20 0 W 2,70 0 W 18,000 W 10,40 0 W
Max ou tput voltage / curre nt 225 V
peak
/ 125 A
peak
AC Mains Power
Power supply Unive rsa l, regulat ed switch mode with PFC ( Power Fa ctor Correc tion)
Operating voltage 100-24 0 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz
Power fac tor cos (
φ) >0.95 @ >50 0 W
Consumption / current draw @ 230 V @ 115 V
Idle 90 W 1.31 A 92 W 1.34 A
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,62 5 W 7.9 A 1,625 W 15.8 A
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 3,250 W 14 .7 A 3,250 W 29.3 A
Thermal
Environmental operating temperature 0° - 45° C / 32° - 113° F
Thermal dissipation Fan, continuousl y var iabl e spee d, temper ature cont roll ed, front to rear airow
Idle 682 BTU /h 172 k c al /h
I/8 of ma x out put powe r @ 4 Ω 1,59 0 BT U/h 402 kcal /h
I/4 of ma x outp ut power @ 4 Ω 2 ,498 BTU/h 631 kc al /h
Audio
Gain, selectable 26dB 29dB 32dB 35dB
Input S ensi tivity @ 8 Ω 7.3 7 V 5.22 V 3 .68 V 2 .62 V
Max in put level 27dB u 24dBu 21dBu 18 dB u
Gate -52dBu -55dBu -58dBu - 61dB u
Frequency response 20 Hz - 20 kH z (1W @ 8 Ω, ±0.5dB)
S/N ratio (amplier secti on) >110dBA (20 Hz - 20 k Hz, A we ighted)
Crosst alk se paration > 66dB @ 1 k Hz
Input Impedance 10 k Ω balanced
THD+N /SMPTE IMD/DI M 100 IM D <0. 5% from 1W to full powe r (typically <0.05%)
Slew rate 50 V/µs @ 8 Ω, inpu t lte r bypa ssed
Dampi ng fac tor @ 8 Ω >500 0 @ 20-20 0 Hz
DSP
A/D converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 127dBA of dynamic range and THD <0.00 5% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
D/A converter
Dual 24bi t 96 kHz Tandem® archi tecture wi th 122dBA of dynamic range and THD <0. 003% (20 Hz - 20 kHz)
Memory 8 MB (R AM) p lus 2 MB ( ash fo r pres ets)
Presets 50 s tor ed locally + 150 s tore d on a sma rt card
Digit al audio input AES3 (glitchless fallback to analog audio selectable)
Delay fo r time al ignment up to 4 s on the inpu t section , up to 32 ms p er output , sam ple-by-s ampl e stepping
Crossover lters But ter wor th, Linkwit z-R iley, Be ssel , Arbitr ar y Asy mmetric, 6dB /oct to 48dB /oct (IIR), l inea r phas e (FIR), hybr id (F IR+II R)
Output equalizer 16 fully parametric lters per channel, IIR : peaking , hi/lo shelving , hi/lo pass eq, ba nd pas s, band sto p, all pa ss. C ustom FIR u p
to 384 t aps @ 48 or 96 kHz
Input e qualizer Thre e layer s (PE Q, rai sed cos ine, s helving), 32 lters each + group lters, up to 2 56 lt ers p er channel
Cable compen sation network up to 2 Ω negative/positive wire compensation (Active DampingControl
TM
)
Limiters
Power limiter (TruePower™, RM S voltage , RMS curr ent) + Pea k Limi ter
Front Pa nel
Indicators 7 meter LEDs: 5 x gree n, 1 x yel low, 1 x red, top ye llow and red s how ala rm wi th pr otec t descript ion on LC D panel
Controls
4 pushbuttons, function depending on user menu
Power swi tch
Mains switch
Network dat a por t AESO P incl. AES3 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Maintenance
Smar tCard reader/writer for rmwar e upda tes an d pres et st orage. Ea sily accessible dust lter foam be hind t wo steel cov ers
Rear Panel
Audio si gnal input connectors
Analog: 2 x bal anced N eut rik ® Combo XLR female/1/4” jack ; AES3 : use cha nnel 2 XLR
Loudspeake r output connectors 2 x Neutrik ® Speakon NL4MD
Network dat a por t Ethe rnet 2 x RJ45 with ac tiv ity L EDs
Aux voltage 1 x 2-pin Phoenix P. 3.81mm
AC mains
AMP CP C 45A on rear pan el; AMP CPC 45A conne cto r mounted on a 3 x 5m m
2
(10AWG) cable
Controls
1 x link switch, linking a nalog inpu ts 1 and 2; AES3/analog inpu t swi tch
Construction
Dimensions W 483 mm / 19”, H 44.5 mm / 1 RU, D 475 m m / 18.7”
Chassis 1 mm / 0. 04” s teel chassis and removable dust cover ; 3 mm / 0 .12” steel front panel, screw hole p rotection, side
reinforcement & rear support
Weig ht
12 kg (26. 5 lb)
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