Pioneer CX-951 Service manual

Page 1

Model No. Order No. CD Mechanism Module FX-MG9127ZT/UC CRT2903 CXK7110 FX-MG9327ZT/ES CRT2904 CXK7110 FX-MG9427ZT/ES CRT2904 CXK7110 FX-MG9527ZT/Q1 CRT2904 CXK7110 FX-MG9327ZT/EW CRT2905 CXK7110 FX-MG9427ZT/EW CRT2905 CXK7110 FX-MG9727ZT/UC CRT2905 CXK7110

PIONEER CORPORATION 4-1, Meguro 1-Chome, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8654, Japan

PIONEER ELECTRONICS (USA) INC. P.O.Box 1760, Long Beach, CA 90801-1760 U.S.A. PIONEER EUROPE NV Haven 1087 Keetberglaan 1, 9120 Melsele, Belgium PIONEER ELECTRONICS ASIACENTRE PTE.LTD. 253 Alexandra Road, #04-01, Singapore 159936

C PIONEER CORPORATION 2002

K-ZZS. JULY 2002 Printed in Japan

ORDER NO.

CRT2872

CD MECHANISM MODULE

CX-951

- This service manual describes the operation of the CD mechanism incorporated in models listed in the

table below.

- When performing repairs use this manual together with the specific manual for model under repair.

CONTENTS

1. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS ...........................................2

2. MECHANISM DESCRIPTIONS.................................25

3. DISASSEMBLY .........................................................32

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234

CX-951

1. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS

The LSI (UPD63711GC) used on this unit comprises six main blocks ; the pre-amp section, servo, signal processor,

DAC, CD text decoder and LPF. It also equips with nine automatic adjustment functions.

1.1 PRE-AMP SECTION

This section processes the pickup output signals to

create the signals for the servo, demodulator and

control.

The pickup output signals are I-V converted by the pre-

amp with the built-in photo-detector in the pickup, then

added by the RF amp to obtain RF, FE, TE, TE zero cross

and other signals.

This pre-amp section is built in the servo LSI

UPD63711GC (IC201). The following describes function

of each section.

Since this system has a single power supply (+5V), the

reference voltage for this LSI and pickup are set to

REFO (2.5V). The REFO is obtained by passing the

REFOUT from the LSI through the buffer amplifier. The

REFO is output from Pin 89 of this LSI. All

measurements are done using this REFO as reference.

Note : During the measurement, do not try to short the

REFO and GND.

1) APC Circuit (Automatic Power Control)

When the laser diode is driven with constant current,

the optical output has large negative temperature

characteristics. Thus, the current must be controlled

from the monitor diode so that the output may be

constant. APC circuit is for it. The LD current is obtained

by measuring the voltage between LD1 and V+5. The

value of this current is about 35mA.

AGCI

RFO

C-3T

FEO

FE-

TEO

TE-

RF-

EQ1

EQ2

AGCO

RFI

ASY

EFM

PEAK DET.

LPF

BOTTOM DET.

S/H

D/A

A/D

D/A

A/D

TE2

VREG

GND APN

LDON

EFM

DEFECT

FOK

A3T

MIRR

To the following stage of the LSI

Vref

·····Vref(+2.5V)

VREG

GND

AMP_PN (H:Nch L:Pch)

LDON (H:LD MOVE L:STOP)

Vref

·····Vref(+2.5V)

R102 10 R101 12

Q101

2SB1132

C102

0.1µF

C103 100µF/6.3V

MECHANISM UNIT

R103

2.2k

C105

0.33µF

+5V

110k

150k

100k

16k

D101

Fig.1 : BLOCK DIAGRAM OF BUILT-IN RF AMPLIFIER

Fig.2 : APC CIRCUIT

Page 3

CX-951

2) RF Amplifier and RFAGC Amplifier

The photo-detector outputs (A +C) and (B +D) are

added, amplified and equalized on this LSI and then

output to the RFI terminal as the RF signal. (The eye

pattern can be checked by this signal.)

The RFI voltage low frequency component is :

RFI = (A +B +C +D) ×3.2

RFI is used on the FOK generator circuit and RF offset

adjusting circuit.

R207 is an offset resistor for maintaining the bottom

reference voltage of the RFI signal at 1.5 VDC. The D/A

output used for the RF offset adjustment (to be

described later) is entered via this resistor.

After the RFI signal from Pin 77 is externally AC

coupled, entered to Pin 76 again, then amplified on the

RFAGC amplifier to obtain the RFO signal.

The RFAGC adjustment function (to be described later)

built-in the LSI is used for switching feedback gain of

the RFAGC amplifier so that the RFO output may go to

1.5 ±0.3Vpp.

The RFO signal is used for the EFM, DFCT, MIRR and

RFAGC adjustment circuits.

3) RFOK Circuit

This circuit generates the signal that is used for

indicating the timing of closing the focus or state of the

focus close currently being played. This signal is output

from Pin 4 as the FOK signal. It goes high when the

focus close and in-play.

The RFOK signal is generated by holding DC level of the

RFI at its peak with the succeeding digital section, then

comparing it at a specific threshold level. Thus, the

RFOK signal goes high even if the pit is absent. It

indicates that the focus close can take place on the disc

mirror surface, too.

This signal is also supplied to the micro computer via

the low pass filter as the FOK signal and used for the

protection and the RF amplifier gain switching.

CN101

10k

FOK

CIRCUIT

A/D

A+C

16k

B+D

10k

16k

10k

R214

12k

C209 2pF

R212

5.6k

R207

C208 18pF

R213 15k

80 79 74757677

D/A

12k

10k

RFOAGCIRFI

C215

0.22µF

C213

1500pF

FOK

TO EFM CIRCUIT

Fig.3 : RFAMP, RFAGC AND FOK CIRCUIT

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CX-951

Fig.5 TRACKING ERROR AMPLIFIER AND TRACKING ZERO CROSSING AMPLIFIER

4) Focus Error Amplifier

The photo-detector outputs (A+C) and (B+D) are passed

through a differential amplifier and an error amplifier, and

then (A+C−B−D) is output from Pin 91 as the FE signal.

The FE voltage low frequency component is :

FE = (A + C − B − D) ××

= (A + C − B − D) × 5

Using REFO as the reference, an S-curve of approximately 1.5

Vpp is obtained for the FE output. The final-stage amplifier

cutoff frequency is 11.4 kHz.

5) Tracking Error Amplifier

The photo-detector outputs E and F are passed through

a differential amplifier and an error amplifier, and then

(E −F) is output from Pin 93 as the TE signal. The TE

voltage low frequency component is :

TE =(E −F)

××

(E −F) ×6.6 (Effective LSI output is 5.0).

Using REFO as the reference, the TE waveform of

approximately 1.3 Vpp is obtained for the TE output.

The final-stage amplifier cutoff frequency is 20 kHz.

6) Tracking Zero Crossing Amplifier

TEC signal (the tracking zero crossing signal) is

obtained by multiplying the TE signal four times. It is

used for locating the zero crossing points of the

tracking error. The zero cross point detection is done for

the following two reasons :

To count tracks for carriage moves and track jumps.

To detect the direction in which the lens is moving

when the tracking is closed (it is used on the

tracking brake circuit to be described later).

The TEC signal frequency range is 300 Hz to 20 kHz.

TEC voltage =TE level ×4

Theoretical TEC level is 5.2V. The signal exceeds D-

range of the operational amplifier and thus is clipped.

It, however, can be ignored since this signal is used by

the servo LSI only at the zero crossing point.

20k5k

CN101

10k

20k

A+C

16k

B+D

48k

16k

10k

9190

D/A

80k

110k

C219 180pF

A/D

FE OFFSET

TO DIG. EQ

48k

48.7k

CN101

112k

48.7k

224k

48k

224k

112k

9392

D/A

80k

110k

C220 51pF

80k

110k

A/D

TE OFFSET

TO DIG. EQ

48k

60k

20k

TE2

TEC

C221

6800pF

16k 10k

80k

(20k + 5k)

Fig.4 : FOCUS ERROR AMPLIFIER

224k 112k

160k

48.7k

Page 5

CX-951

7) DFCT (Defect) Circuit

The DFCT signal is used for detecting defects on the

mirrored disc surface. It allows monitoring from the

HOLD pin (Pin 2). It goes high when defects are found

on the mirrored surface.

The DFCT signal is generated by comparing the RF

amplified signal (which is obtained by bottom holding

the RFO signal) at a specific threshold level by the

succeeding digital section.

Stains or scratches on the disc can constitute the

defects on the mirrored disc surface. Thus, as long as

the DFCT signal remains high in the LSI, the focus and

tracking servo drives are held in the current state so

that a better defect prevention may be ensured.

8) 3TOUT Circuit

The 3TOUT signal is generated by entering disturbance

to the focus servo loop, comparing phase of

fluctuations of the RF signal 3T component against that

of the FE signal at that time, then converting the signal

to DC level. This signal is used for adjusting bias of the

FE signal (to be described later). This signal is not

output from the LSI, thus its monitoring is not available.

9) MIRR (Mirror) Circuit

The MIRR signal shows the on track and off track data,

and is output from Pin 3.

When the laser beam is

On track : MIRR ="L"

Off track : MIRR ="H"

This signal is used on the brake circuit (to be described

later) and also as the trigger to turn on track counting

when jumping take place.

The MIRR signal is supplied to the micro computer, too,

for the protection purpose.

A/D

MIRR

CIRCUIT

DFCT

CIRCUIT

BOTTOM DETECT

PEAK DETECT

LPFS/H

A/D

40k

20k

40k

200k

C212

0.1µF

C3T

AGCI

RFO

12k

10k

20k

30k

MIRR

HOLD

Fig.6 : DFCT, MIRR AND 3T DETECTION CIRCUIT

Fig.7 : HOLD OUTPUT WAVEFORM

(When surface defects are present)

Fig.8 : MIRR OUTPUT WAVEFORM

(When an access is made)

Surface defects

RFI

HOLD

RFI

MIRR

OFF Track ON Track

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CX-951

10) EFM Circuit

This circuit is used for converting the RF signal to

digital signal consisting of “0” and “1”. The RFO signal

from Pin 75 is externally AC coupled, entered to Pin 74,

then applied to the EFM circuit.

Loss of the RF signal due to scratches or stains on the

disc, or vertical asymmetry of the RF due to variations

in the discs manufactured can’t be eliminated by AC

coupling alone. This circuit, therefore, controls the

reference voltage ASY on the EFM comparator by use

of the fact that “0” and “1” appear fifty fifty in the EFM

signal. By this arrangement, the comparate level is

constantly maintained at almost center of the RFO

signal level. The reference voltage ASY is generated

when the EFM comparator output is passed through

the low pass filter. The EFM signal is output from Pin

71. It is a 2.5 Vp-p amplitude signal centering on REFO.

RFI

40k

C206

1500pF

ASY

EFM

40k

15k75k

R205

10k

R206

39k

C203

0.047µF

C204

1800pF

EFM. SIG

Fig.9 : EFM CIRCUIT

Page 7

CX-951

The servo section controls the operations such as error

signal equalizing, in focus, track jump and carriage

move. The DSP is the signal processing section used

for data decoding, error correction and interpolation

processing, among others.

This circuit implements analog to digital conversion of

the FE and TE signals generated on the pre-amplifier,

then outputs them through the servo block as the drive

signal used on the focus, tracking and carriage system.

The EFM signal is decoded on the signal processing

section and finally output via the D/A converter as the

audio signal. The decoding process also generates the

spindle servo error signals which is fed to the spindle

servo block to generate the spindle drive signal.

The focus, tracking, carriage and spindle drive signals

are then amplified on the driver IC BD7962FM (IC301)

and fed to respective actuators and motors.

1) Focus Servo System

The focus servo main equalizer is consisted of the

digital equalizer. Fig.10 shows the focus servo block

diagram.

When implementing the focus close on the focus servo

system, the lens must be brought within the in-focus

range. Therefore, the lens is moved up and down

according to the triangular focus search voltage to find

the focus point. During this time, the spindle motor is

kicked and kept rotating as a set speed.

The servo LSI monitors the FE and RFOK signals and

automatically carries out the focus close at an

appropriate point.

The focus closing is carried out when the following

three conditions are met :

The lens approaches the disc from its current

position.

RFOK ="H"

The FZC signal is latched at high after it has once

crossed the threshold set on the FZD register (Edge

of the FZD).

As the result, the FE ( =REFO) is forced to low.

AMP

DIG.

A+C

B+D

FOP

FOM

IC301

BD7962FM

LENS

IC201 UPD63711GC

FOCUS SEARCH

TRIANGULAR

WAVE GENERATOR

DAC

CONTROL

A/D

R301

10K

R302

15K

Fig.10 : FOCUS SERVO BLOCK DIAGRAM

1.2 SERVO SECTION (UPD63711GC : IC201)

Page 8

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CX-951

When the above conditions are all met and the focus is

closed, the XSI pin goes to low from the current high,

then 40 ms later, the microcomputer begins to monitor

the RFOK signal after it that has been passed through

the low pass filter.

When the RFOK signal is recognized as low, the micro

computer carries out various actions including

protection.

Fig.11 a series of operations carried out relevant to the

focus close (the figure shows the case where focus

close is not available).

You can check the S-curve, search voltage and actual

lens behavior by selecting the Display 01 for the focus

mode select in the test mode, and then pressing the

focus close button.

REFO

LENS POSITION RELATIVE TO DISC

NEAR

FAR

"JUST FOCUSED"

REFO

Expanding around "Just Focused Point"

REFO

RFI

FOK

FZD THRESHOLD LEVEL

FZD (INTERNAL SIGNAL)

Focus closing would normally take place at these points

XSI (IN THE EVENT FOCUS IS CLOSED)

LEVEL

Fig.11 : FOCUS CLOSE SEQUENCE

Page 9

CX-951

2) Tracking Servo System

The digital equalizer is employed for the main equalizer

on the tracking servo. Fig.12 shows the tracking servo

block diagram.

a) Track jump

When the LSI receives the track jump command from

the microcomputer, the operation is carried out

automatically by the auto sequence function of the LSI.

This system has five types of track jumps used for the

search : 1, 4, 10, 32 and 32 ×3. In the test mode, in

addition to three jumps (1, 32 and 32 ×3), move of the

carriage can be check by mode selection. For track

jumps, the microcomputer sets almost half of tracks (5

tracks for 10 tracks, for instance) and counts the set

number of tracks using the TEC signals. When the

microcomputer has counted the set number of tracks, it

outputs the brake pulse for a fixed period of time

(duration can be specified with the command) to stop

the lens. In this way, the tracking is closed and normal

play is continued.

To improve the servo loop retracting performance just

after the track jump, the brake circuit is turned on for 50

ms after the brake pulse has been terminated to

increase gain of the tracking servo.

Fast forward and reverse operations are realized by

through consecutive signal track jumps. The speed is

about 10(or 20) times as fast as that in the normal

mode.

AMP

DIG.

TOM

TOP

IC301

BD7962FM

LENS

IC201 UPD63711GC

JUMP

PARAMETERS

DAC

CONTROL

A/D

R304

10k

R303

10k

GAIN NORMAL

KICK

BRAKE

TEC

T. BRAKE

EQUALIZER

T. SERVO

CLOSED

OPEN

NORMAL

GAIN UP

OFF

TEC

(10 TRACK)

EQUALIZER

T. BRAKE

SERVO

2.9mS (4.10 TRACK JUMP)

5.8mS (32 TRACK JUMP)

GAIN UP

NORMAL ON

OFF OPEN

CLOSED

50mS

Fig.12 : TRACKING SERVO BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig.13 : SINGLE TRACK JUMP

Fig.14 : MULTI-TRACK JUMP

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CX-951

b) Brake Circuit

The servo retracting performance can be deteriorate

during the setup or track jump operation. In this

connection, the brake circuit is used to ensure steady

retract of the tracking servo. The brake circuit detects in

which direction the lens is moving, then slows down its

move by outputting the drive signal that moves the

lens into the opposite direction alone. Track slippage

direction is determined by referencing the TEC and

MIRR signals and their phase.

TEC

TZC

(TEC "SQUARED UP" )

(INTERNAL SIGNAL )

MIRR

MIRR LATCHED AT

TZC EDGES

SWITCHING PULSE

EQUALIZER OUTPUT

(SWITCHED)

DRIVE DIRECTION

Note : Equalizer output assumed to hava same phase as TEC.

FORWARD

LENS MOVING FORWARDS

(INNER TRACK TO OUTER)

LENS MOVING BACKWARDS

Time

REVERSE

Fig.15 : TRACKING BRAKE CIRCUIT

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CX-951

3) Carriage Servo System

The carriage servo supplies the tracking equalizer’s

low-frequency component (lens position data) output to

the carriage equalizer, then, after providing a fixed

amount of gain to it, outputs the drive signal from the

LSI. This signal is then applied to the carriage motor via

the driver IC.

When the lens offset reaches a certain level during play,

the entire pickup must be moved into the forward

direction. Therefore, the equalizer gain is set to the

level that allows to generate a voltage higher than the

carriage motor starting voltage. In actual operations, a

certain threshold level is set for the equalizer output by

the servo LSI so that the drive voltage may be output

from the servo LSI only when the equalizer output

exceeds the threshold level. This arrangement helps

reducing power consumption. Also, due to disc

eccentricity or other factors, the equalizer output may

cross the threshold level a number of times. In this

case, the drive voltage output from the LSI will have

pulse-like waveform.

DIG.

COP

COM

IC301

BD7962FM

CARRIAGE

MOTOR

IC201 UPD63711GC

64 32

KICK, BRAKE

REGISTERS

DAC

CONTROL

FROM TRACK. EQ

R318

10K

R316

15K

DRIVE ON/OFF THRESHOLD

CARRIAGE MOVED AT THESE POINTS

TRACKING DRIVE (LOW FREQUENCY)

LENS POSITION

CRG DRIVE (INSIDE UPD63711GC)

CRG MOTOR VOLTAGE

Fig.16 : CARRIAGE SERVO BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig.17 : CARRIAGE SIGNAL WAVEFORM

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CX-951

4) Spindle Servo System

1. Simple FG servo:

This servo is to keep the disc rotation stable around

the appropriate speed.

The microcomputer monitors the FG signal, which

generates pulses depending

on the spindle motor rotation, to control the spindle

motor drive voltage.

This mode is used under the following conditions:

a) At setup, for the period from power on, focus close to

rough servo mode.

b) After focus is unlocked during play and until it is

locked again.

2. Applicable servo :

The CLV servo mode is turned on for the normal

operations.

In the EFM demodulation block, the frame sync

signal and internal counter output signal are

sampled for every WFCK/16 and a signal is produced

for indicating whether or not they are matching.

They are determined to be asynchronous only when

this signal fails to match 8 times in succession. In all

other cases, above two signals are assumed to be

synchronous. In the applicable servo mode, the

retracting servo is automatically selected if the two

signals are synchronous. If not, the regular servo is

automatically selected.

3. Brake:

This mode is to stop the spindle motor.

The microcomputer monitors the FG pulse signal.

When the FG pulse interval

(speed) exceeds the prescribed level, the full brake

mode is selected. When

the speed slows down to that level or lower, the

brake level is decreased. At

last the spindle motor is stopped.

4. Stop :

This mode is used for powering on the system and

the eject operation. When this mode is turned on,

voltage across the spindle motor is 0V.

5. Rough servo :

This mode is used for when the carriage feed

(carriage mode for the long search, etc.) is turned on.

The linear speed is calculated from the EFM

waveform and high or low level is entered to the

spindle equalizer. In the test mode, this mode is also

used for the grating check.

Fig.18 : SPINDLE SERVO MOTOR BLOCK DIAGRAM

DSP

BLOCK

DIG.

IC1

BA6849FM

SPINDLE

MOTOR

IC201 UPD63711GC

DAC

EFM SIGNAL

SPEED ERROR SIGNAL

PHASE ERROR SIGNAL

R317

10K

R315

15K

IC301

BD7962FM

ECR

CONT

Page 13

CX-951

Every circuit adjustment on the CD-LSI of this system is

automated.

Every circuit adjustment is automatically implemented

when the disc is inserted or the CD mode is selected

from the source key. The following describes how the

adjustments are executed.

1) FZD Cancel Setting

This setting is used for executing the focus close

operation without fail.

When power is turned on, the FE offset level is read and

a voltage opposite to this offset value is written to the

CRAM on the IC to cancel the offset. In this manner, the

FZD threshold level can be set to a constant value

(+240mV), thereby ensuring to meet one of the

requirements for the IC to execute the focus close that

“the FZD signal is latched at high”.

2) Automatic Adjustment of TE, FE and RF Offset

Using REFO as the reference, this function adjusts the

pre-amp TE, FE and RF offsets to the respective target

value when power is turned on (targets values of the

TE, FE and RF are 0, 0 and −1V, respectively).

The following is the adjustment procedure :

(1) Respective offset (LD off) is read by the

microcomputer via the servo LSI.

(2) The microcomputer calculates the voltages to be

corrected from the read values, then sets them to

the specified field.

3) Automatic Adjustment of Tracking Balance (T.

BAL)

This adjustment is used for eliminating differences

between the pickup E and F channels outputs by

adjusting gain of the amplifier on the LSI. In the actual

operation, the TE waveform is adjusted so that it may

be vertically symmetric with REFO.

The following is the adjustment procedure :

(1) Make sure the focus close is complete.

(2) Kick the lens in the radial direction to generate the

TE waveform.

(3) At this time, the microcomputer reads the TE signal

offset value (via the servo LSI) being calculated by

the LSI.

(4) The microcomputer determines if the read offset

value is positive, negative or zero.

If the offset value =0, the adjustment is terminated.

If the offset value =A positive or negative value,

gain of the E and F channels amplifiers are modified

according the predetermined rule.

Then above steps (2) through (4) are repeated until the

“Offset value =0” or “Specified limit count” is reached.

4) Automatic Adjustment of FE Bias

This adjustment is intended at maximizing the RFI level

by optimizing the focus point in-play. This adjustment

utilizes the phase difference between the RF waveform

3T level and the focus error signal when disturbance is

applied.

Since disturbance is applied to the focus loop, this

adjustment is designed to take place in the same timing

as the auto gain control (to be described later).

The following is the adjustment procedure :

(1) Disturbance is injected to the focus loop by the

command from the microcomputer (within the servo

LSI).

(2) The LSI detects fluctuation of the RF signal 3T

component level.

(3) The LSI determines relationship between fluctuation

of the 3T component and the injected disturbance to

detect magnitude and direction of the off-focus

introduced.

(4) The microcomputer reads the detected results from

the LSI.

(5) The microcomputer calculates necessary correction,

then hands the calculated value to the bias

adjustment term set on the LSI.

This adjustment is repeated several times, as it is so

with the auto gain control, to ensure higher accuracy.

1.3 AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT FUNC- TIONS

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CX-951

5) Focus and Tracking Automatic Gain Control

This function is used for implementing automatic

control of the focus and tracking loop gain.

The following is the adjustment procedure :

(1) Inject disturbance to the servo loop.

(2) Extract the error signal (FE and TE) generated at

when the disturbance is applied to obtain the

signals G1 and G2 via the B.P.F.

(3) The microcomputer reads the G1 and G2 signals via

the LSI.

(4) Based on the necessary correction calculated by the

microcomputer, the LSI performs the loop gain

adjustment.

Above adjustments are repeated several times to

ensure higher adjustment accuracy.

6) Automatic RF Level Adjustment (RFAGC)

This adjustment is used for implementing intended

signal transmission successfully by adjusting

unevenness of the RF signal (RFO) levels, that results

from disc and machine relevant factors, to a target

value. The adjustment is actually done by varying gain

of the amplifier provided between the RFI and RFO.

The following is the adjustment procedure :

(1) Using the command, the microcomputer reads the

output from the RF level detection circuit on the

servo LSI.

(2) Based on the read value, the microcomputer

calculates an amplifier gain that will produce the

target RFO level.

(3) The microcomputer sends the corresponding

command to the servo LSI so that the above gain

value may be set.

This adjustment takes place at the following timing :

• When the focus close alone is completed during the

setup process.

• Just before the setup is completed (just before the

play takes place).

• After the off-focus has been corrected during the play.

7) Adjustment of Pre-Amp Stage Gain

It is used for adjusting the entire RFAMP (FE, TE and RF

amplifiers) to +6dB or +12dB depending on given gain

level when reflected light from the disc is significantly

below the required level due to stained lens. This

phenomena can be noticed when playing back the CD-

RW.

The following is the adjustment procedure :

When reflected light from disc is judged to be

significantly below the required level during the setup,

set the entire RFAMP to +6dB or +12dB. In this case, if

the gain is modified, the setup have to be repeated

from the first step.

Through the adjustment, if you judged the play

becomes available by setting the entire RFAMP to +6dB,

6dB should be selected for the setup next time on.

See the figure below :

Play at +6dB increases due to stained lens or other reasons (the typical gain is employed for the initial setup)

Time

Gain of entire RFAMP

+ 12dB

+ 6dB

TYP

Play the CD-RW with the gain being set to +12dB

Play is started with +6dB judging the lens is stained

Fig.19 : CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM OF PRE-AMP GAIN ADJUSTMENT

Page 15

CX-951

8) Initial Adjusting Values

All the automatic adjustments are implemented using

the previous adjustment values as the initial values

unless the microcomputer power (the backup power) is

not turned off (though there are some exceptions).

When the backup is turned off, automatic adjustment is

executed based on the initial values rather than the

previous adjustment values.

9) Displaying Coefficients After Adjustment

You can display and check results of some automatic

adjustments (FE and RF offset, FZD cancel and F / T /

RFAGC) from the test mode. The following coefficients

are displayed in each automatic adjustment :

(1) FE and RF offset and FZD cancel

Reference value =32 (The coefficient of 32 indicates

that no adjustment was required).

The results are displayed in multiples of

approximately 40 mV.

An example : When FZD cancel coefficient =35

35 −32 =3

3 ×40 mV =120 mV

Since the corrected value is

approximately +120 mV, the FE offset

before adjustment was −120 mV.

(2) F and T gain adjustment

Reference value =Focus/Tracking =20

A coefficient displayed indicates an amount of

adjustment conducted on the reference value.

An example : When AGC coefficient =40

40/20 =Overall gain has bee doubled

(+6dB). (The original loop gain of 1/2

has been doubled to have the targeted

overall gain.)

(3) RF level adjustment (RFAGC)

Reference value =8

Coefficient =9 to 15 ····· The direction in which the

RF level is increased (the

gain is increased).

Coefficient =7 to 0 ······· The direction in which the

RF level is decreased (the

gain is decreased).

Incrementing or decreasing the coefficient by “1”

varies the gain by 0.7 to 1dB.

Maximum gain =Typically +6.5dB. Coefficient at this

time is 15.

Minimum gain =Typically −6.0dB. Coefficient at this

time is 0.

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1.4 POWER SUPPLY

The G2 core unit requires the following two lines of

external power supply:

[VD 9V]

This is the power supply for mechanical servos. It is

applied directly to the driver and used to generate 5V

and 3.3V inside the regulator.

[VDD 5V]

This is the power supply for the microcomputer. It is

supplied from the main unit when the backup (+B) is

connected. The pull-up resistor is connected to

SWDVDD, which is obtained through the VDD switching

circuit.

There are two GND lines. One is the GND for the servo

and digital power supply, and the other is the audio

reference AGND. They are produced by separation

inside the core unit.

Fig.20 : POWER SUPPLY SECTION

VDCONT

VD circuit

System side

VD(9V)

5V Reg

CONTROL UNIT

IC303

PCB UNIT (LED)

PCB UNIT (M2 UNIT)

MUTE

Circuit

3+3ch Driver

IC301

Disc detection LED

SPDL Driver

PU UNIT

CD Control

IC201

LSI(CD DSP)

3.3V Reg

Memory

Contoroler

IC501 IC507

IC302

DRAM

VDD

IC201

SWDVDD

Laser Diode

switching

ADENA

VDD circuit

Power supply

CD contorol

micro

computer

Pull up resistor

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1.5 STS CIRCUIT

Sure Track System (STS) circuit temporarily keeps the

audio data read out from a CD in the memory. If the

pickup should come off the track, the data recorded in

the memory may be output and reproduced. This could

help avoid intermittent sound.

16M DRAM/IC507

MSM51V17400F6T FT

Analog Audio

3.3V system

CD5V

CD LSI

(RF Amp./Servo DS P/

Signal Processor/

Audio DAC/LPF)

IC201

UPD63711GC

3.3V -> 5V

Converter

IC504

TC74VHCT08AFT

Digital

Compression

IC503

PD4501B

Shock proof

memory

controler

IC501

SM5903BFP

5V -> 3.3V

Converter

IC505

TC74VHC541FT

Compact Disc

5V system

CD3V

Data Read (x 2 Speed)

Double Rate

Single Rate

Playback (x1 Speed)

DAC+LPF

The STS circuit is controlled by the shockproof memory

controller (SM5903BFP). The audio signal is read out

from a CD at X2 speed, demodulated in the CD LSI, and

supplied to the shockproof memory controller. This

memory controller temporarily memorizes the audio

data in the DRAM, reads out the data, and outputs to

the DAC at X1 speed using the master clock (MCK:

16.93MHz), which is supplied from the CD LSI, as the

reference clock.

The written speed is higher than the DRAM read-out

speed. When the DRAM memory becomes full, the

controller stops writing the data like in the pause mode,

but continues reading out the recorded data from the

memory. When some vacant area appears in the

memory, the controller starts writing the data again.

(The RAM remaining memory is monitored at the

STSMO terminal.)

Repeated operations of the above process have realized

efficient use of the DRAM and about 10.7-second data

memorization. Therefore, even when the pickup should

remain on the off-track state for 10 seconds due to

external shocks, this STS circuit will reproduce the

audio data without intermittent sound.

Operating principles

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In the loading mode: LOP<LOM, LO1; L, LO2; H In the ejection mode: LOP>LOM, LO1; H, LO2; L

Drive voltages (LOCONT ; H) ; 6.5V

(LOCONT ; L) ; 4.4V

1.6 Mechanism control section

Outline The movement of the changer mechanism module is realized by sophisticated combinations of the LOAD/EJECT, ELEVATION, CAMGEAR motor (in the operation mode), and SPDL CLAMP operations.

1) Loading

1.1) Detection control This mechanism module employs the following three detection systems:

1.2) Drive control The control unit controls the loading motor to load and eject a disc.

a. Drive circuit The drive circuit controls the driving direction and the two drive voltages by using the LO1 and LO2, and the LOCONT (H/L) respectively, which are output from the microcomputer (IC702).

Function Sensor Descriptions

LOAD/EJECT detection Phototransistors (Q1, Q22) and LEDs (D31, D32)

To watch the starting of loading and disc ejection

12-cm disc detection Two switches (S21, 22) To sense the disc size

Loading completion One switch (S41)

Q21,22

S21,22

S41

LOADPHT

LOADSW1

LOADSW2

IC702

MECHANISM

CONTROLLER

LO1

LO2

IC301

DRIVER

3+3ch

LOP

MOTOR

LOM

LOCONT

EVREF2

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b. Drive control sequence In the loading:

1 When the LOADPHT is turned ON (H), the drive operation starts. 4 When the ON state of the LOADSW2 is sensed, the loading motor stops.

In the ejection mode: After the loading motor starts moving 1, the OFF state of the LOADSW1 is sensed 3, then the loading motor stops 16msec after the counterelectromotive brake is applied.

2) Elevation

2.1) Detection control By using the linear position sensor (VR1), the data on the height of the stage chassis is obtained and converted in voltage, then applied to the A/D converter in the microcomputer to detect the absolute position.

2.2) Drive control The control unit controls the ELV motor to perform the following operations:

• To open and close the shutter

• To open and close the tray claws (in the loading mode)

• Elevation

• To open the shutter (option)

LOADPHT

LOADSW1

LOADSW2

LOADPHT

LOADSW1

LOADSW2

ADVREF(EVREF)

VR11

EREF

GND

ELVSENS

Linear position sensor

VR1

Detection circuit

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a. Drive circuit The drive circuit controls the driving direction and the two drive voltages by using the ELV1 and ELV2, and the ELVCONT (H/L) respectively, which are output from the microcomputer (IC702).

b. Drive control sequence (1) The continuous driving mode is kept until the brake starting position. (2) When it is sensed that the brake starting position is passed, the short brake starts. (3) The pulse drive operation starts to move the stage toward the OK range. When the stage comes into the OK range and chatter is checked, the operation ends.

3) CAM motor

3.1) Detection control The three switches CAMEOK (S32), CAMLOAD (S31) and CAMCLMP (S11) detect the following four positions where the CAM operation needs to stop: EOK: Tray changing allowable position LIFT: Load/eject allowable position CLMP: The allowable position to change the used claws from the TRAY claws to the SPDL claws PLAY: PLAY allowable position.

3.2) Drive control The control unit controls the CAM motor to perform the following operations:

• Trays separation

• CRG chassis rotation (to move to the PLAY position)

• Mechanical lock release

• Tray claws (for disc clamp) open/close (in the PLAY

mode) a. Drive circuit The drive circuit controls the driving direction by using the CG1 and CG2, which are output from the microcomputer (IC702).

To move the CRG chassis in the outer direction:

CGP<CGM, CG1; H, CG2; L

To move the CRG chassis in the inner direction:

CGP>CGM, CG1; L, CG2; H

Drive voltage: 7.4V fixed

To drive in the UP direction:ELP<ELM, ELV1; H, ELV2; L To drive in the DOWN direction:

ELP>ELM, ELV1; L, ELV2; H

Drive voltages (LOCONT: H) 7.4V --- Used in the continuous driving mode (LOCONT: L) 6.3V --- Used in the pulse drive mode

(around the targetposition)

VR1

VR11

ELVSNS

EREF

IC702 91

MECHANISM CONTROLLER

ELV1

ELV2

IC301

DRIVER

3+3ch

ELP

ELEVATION

MOTOR

ELM

ELVCONT

EVREF2

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CX-951

S32

IC702

EVREF2

CAMEOK

CAMLOAD

CG1

CGP

CAMGEAR

MOTOR

CGM

CG2

CAMCLMP

MECHANISM

CONTROLLER

IC301

3+3ch

DRIVER

S31

S11

IC201

HOME

CLAMP

COP

CARRIAGE

MOTOR

COM

REFO

CONTROL

IC702

MECHANISM

CONTROLLER

IC301

3+3ch

DRIVER

4) SPDL clamp

4.1) Detection control In the detection circuit, the following two switches are used: HOME switch (S1) for the servos CLAMP switch (S2) for claw closing confirmation

4.2) Drive control The drive circuit moves the CRG toward inner tracks than those for the normal play, and operates the disc clamp mechanism.

Drive circuit

Claw open (close) drive voltage: 5.0V Retry drive voltage: 7.0V

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Mechanical positions

Disc1

(6F)

Disc2

(5F)

ELV position LIFT position CLAMP position

ELV UP

(DISCSEL)

ELV DN

(DISCSEL)

ELV position LIFT position CLAMP position

Load/eject position

(Door Open)

ELV UP

(LIFTUP)

CAM FWD

(ELVOUT)

CAM REV

(ELVIN)

Load/eject position

(Door Open)

ELV UP

(LIFTUP)

CAM FWD

(ELVOUT)

CAM REV

(ELVIN)

ELV DN

(LIFTDN)

ELV DN

(LIFTDN)

CAM FWD

(CRGIN)

CAM REV

(CRGOUT)

The claws close

CAM FWD

(CRGIN)

CAM REV

(CRGOUT)

The claws close

CAM FWD

(TRYDN)

CAM REV

(TRYUP)

The claws open

CAM FWD

(TRYDN)

CAM REV

(TRYUP)

The claws open

PLAY position

ELV UP

(DISCSEL)

Disc3

(4F)

ELV position LIFT position CLAMP position PLAY position

ELV UP

(DISCSEL)

Disc6

(1F)

ELV position LIFT position CLAMP position PLAY position

ELV DN

(DISCSEL)

ELV DN

(DISCSEL)

Load/eject position

(Door Open)

ELV UP

(LIFTUP)

CAM FWD

(ELVOUT)

CAM REV

(ELVIN)

Load/eject position

ELV UP

(LIFTUP)

CAM FWD

(ELVOUT)

CAM REV

(ELVIN)

(LIFTDN)

(Door Open)

(LIFTDN)

ELV DN

CAM FWD

(CRGIN)

CAM REV

(CRGOUT)

The claws close

CAM FWD

(CRGIN)

CAM REV

(CRGOUT)

The claws close

CAM FWD

(TRYDN)

CAM REV

(TRYUP)

The claws open

CAM FWD

(TRYDN)

CAM REV

(TRYUP)

The claws open

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CAM operation

TRYDN (From CLMP position to PLAY position or CAMLOAD ON)

CAM OK

CAM LOAD

CAM CLMP

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

CIN_EXP (From EOK position to CLMP position or CAMCLMP ON)

CAM OK

CAM LOAD

CAM CLMP

TRYUP (From PLAY position to CLMP position or CAMCLMP OFF to ON)

CAM OK

CAM LOAD

CAM CLMP

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

EIN-EXP (From CLMP position to EOK position or CAMEOK ON)

CAM OK

CAM LOAD

CAM CLMP

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

CRGIN (From LIFT position to CLMP position or CAMCLMP ON)

CAM OK

CAM LOAD

CAM CLMP

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

ELVOUT (From EOK position to LIFT position or CAMLOAD OFF to ON)

CAM OK

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

CRGOUT (From CLMP position to LIFT position or CAMLOAD ON)

CAM OK

CAM LOAD

CAM CLMP

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

ELVIN (From LIFT position to EOK position or CAMEOK ON)

CAM OK

CAM LOAD

CAM CLMP

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

CAM LOAD

CAM CLMP

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

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ELV operation

DISCSEL

EVREF

ELV SNS

ELV MOTOR

(ELM-ELP)

CG MOTOR (CGP-CGM)

LIFTUP

LOAD PHT

ELV SNS

ELV MOTOR

(ELM-ELP)

LOAD SW2

DISC LOAD (with no disc loaded in a tray)

LIFTUP completion

LOAD PHT

ELV SNS

ELV MOTOR

(ELM-ELP)

LOAD SW2

for DISC EJCT(with a disc loaded in a tray)

LIFTUP completion

The waveform shows the changes in the EJECT mode.

OFF (with no disc sensed)

CLAMP operation

DSKFREE

CRG MOTOR

(COP-COM)

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

LOAD/EJECT operation

LOAD

LOAD PHT

LOAD SW1

LOAD SW2

Until CLMP ON (The drive voltage drops with HOME ON.)

CLMP

HOME

From LOADPHT H (disc insertion starts) to LOADSW2 ON

DSKLOCK

Until HOME OFF

CLMP

HOME

CRG MOTOR

(COP-COM)

CAM MOTOR

(CGP-CGM)

EJCT

From the starting of the loading motor to LOADSW1 ON _ OFF

LOAD PHT

LOAD SW1

LOAD SW2

ON (with a disc sensed)

(LOM-LOP)

The waveform shows the changes in the LIFTDN mode.

LOADING MOTOR

(LOM-LOP)

The waveform shows the changes in the LIFTUP mode

Counterelectromotive brake

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2. MECHANISM DESCRIPTIONS

1) Initialization When the power is turned on, the mechanism starts the initializing operation to check on which trays a disc is loaded. <Initialization operations> (From the transport position)

• The tray holder lock is reset.

• During elevation, it is sensed if or not a disc is loaded

on each of the trays from DISC #6 (1F) to DISC #1 in turn with the LOAD3 switch (S41: Load completion SW). (On the whole product, the DISC #1 button is used to select the uppermost floor (6F) tray, which is different from that for the G1-series mechanism.)

• When the above disc sense ends, elevation starts to clamp a disc. If there is no tray with a disc loaded, the mechanism will not proceed to the elevation mode for

the disc clamp operation.

• To clamp the loaded disc, the cam gear motor rotates to move the carriage mechanism. (It is the same with no disc loaded.)

• After the disc is clamped, the mechanism stops. If the CD source is selected, the spindle motor starts rotating to play the disc. In other words, when the power is turned on for the first time, the mechanism will get into the quasiclamping mode for the DISC #1 and stop.

2) Functions of motors, switches and sensors

Loading motor Disc loading

Disc ejection

Cam gear motor Tray separation

Carriage mechanism assy rotation Mechanical lock release Tray claws open/close (in the play mode)

Elevation motor Shutter open/close

Tray claws open/close (in the loading mode) Elevation Door open (option)

Carriage motor Search

Disc clamp

Spindle motor Disc rotation

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3) Loading The mechanism has realized the disc detection by employing two switches and two phototransistors mounted on the PCB UNIT (LOAD), and one switch mounted on the PCB UNIT.

a. Switches LOAD1 and LOAD2 (S21, S22) (Signal: LOADSW1) The switches mounted on the PCB UNIT (LOAD) turn on when the left and right DISC detection levers are moved by the loaded disc. These two switches LOAD1 and LOAD2 are connected in series to produce the same signal. Only when both of them turn on, the signal LOADSW1 is switched from high to low.

b. Phototransistors (Q21, Q22) (Signal: LOADPHT) The phototransistors receive the beams emitted by the LEDs (D31 and D32) and sense if the beams are interrupted. These two phototransistors Q21 and Q22 are connected in series to make the same signal. Only when both of them are covered from the beams, the signal LOADPHT is switched from high to low.

c. Switch LOAD3 (S41) (Signal: LOADSW2) When the loaded disc reaches the stop position, the switch S41 (mounted on the PCB UNIT) is pushed by the LOAD completion SW arm on the stage. This switch detects discs in the initializing mode, and senses that the disc is inserted into the bottom.

LOAD3 Switch(S41)

LOAD Completion SW Arm

LOADING Motor

LOAD1 Switch(S21)

LOAD2 Switch(S22)

DISC Detection Lever

Phototransistors (Q21, Q22)

DISC Detection Lever

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<Loading operations> When the disc covers the phototransistors and the LOADPHT signal is switched from high to low, the loading motor rotates in the disc draw-in direction. Then the mechanism continues drawing in the disc watching the signal from the phototransistors. When the signal is switched from low to high (or around the center hole of a 12cm disc), the mechanism confirms that the signal from the switches LOAD1 and LOAD2 has been switched from high to low. If the signal remains high, the mechanism will eject the disc forcedly. Only when the signal has been switched to low, the disc draw-in operation continues. The disc pushes the LOAD completion SW arm, the LOAD3 switch turns on, and the LOADSW2 signal switches from high to low. Then the loading operation completes.

<Eject operations> After the eject operation starts, the signal from the switches LOAD1 and LOAD2 changes from high to low, then returns to high. At this moment, the mechanism uses the brake function to stop the loading motor.

4) Cam gear motor a. Tray clamp (tray separation) mechanism There are the following five positions in the tray height (separation) states:

1. (Tray free) ELVok: The plate cams do not clamp the tray.

2. (Clamp) Load: The plate cams clamp the tray at the loading position

3. (Clamp) CRGIN: The plate cams clamp the tray at the position where the carriage moves in. (The upper dead point)

4. (Clamp) Disc clamp: The plate cams clamp the tray at the position where a loaded disc can be clamped (or a loaded disc on the tray stays on the support wheel).

5. (Clamp) Play: The plate cams clamp the tray at the disc play position (where there is some clearance under the disc).

12cm

S41

Hi Lo Hi Lo

Hi Lo

Q21,22

S21,22

LOAD

8cm

Q21,22

S21,22

S41

Loading operation start

Hi Lo Hi Lo

Hi Lo

EJ stop position

LOAD

EJECT

Loading operation start

Eject the disc forcedly

EJECT

Loading operation completes

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Carriage Rotation Arm

Carriage Rotation Arm Shaft

Tray Clamper Lever

Cam Gear Motor

Mode Switch Lever

Carriage Rotation Lever

Groove for Carriage Rotation Lever

Groove for Tray Clamper Lever

Plate Cam

<Tray separation driving principles> for real operations The right and left plate cams with cam grooves synchronize the back and forth movement to change the height of the tray.One plate cam has two grooves, one is in the front side, and the other is in the rear side. The front and rear grooves have the same shape except for the load portion. These plate cams are fixed on the left and right sides of the stage chassis. To minimize the height of the plate cams, the cam grooves in the stage are used. A sophisticated combination of a plate cam groove and a stage groove realizes the tray's movement in the up and down direction.

<Tray separation driving principles> for driving power The driving power comes from the cam gear motor. The torque decelerated by the gears is transferred to the cam gear. The cam gear has four grooves. One of them is to drive the tray clamper lever. In accordance with this cam groove, the tray clamper lever moves back and forth. There are two long grooves at the tray clamper lever's ends. The plate cam's shafts are engaged with these grooves. Therefore, The tray clamp lever's movement in the back and forth direction is transferred to the plate cams by these grooves and the shafts.

The position of the tray pin above the plate cam changes as shown below:

5 4 3 2 1

The movement of the tray pin indicates the movement of the plate cams.

The pin of the tray right above the plate cam:

It moves up and down together with the plate cam.

The pin of the target tray:

It moves up and down together with the plate cam.

For the pin of the tray right under the plate cam: The above figure is just for reference. The plate cam moves up and down for itself.

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b. Carriage mech assy rotation mechanism The carriage mech assy rotation mechanism is to move the carriage mech assy into the disc area for disc reproduction. The driving power from the cam gear is transferred to the carriage rotation lever (as sliding movement), then to the carriage rotation arm (as rotation).

Carriage Mech Assy

Carriage Rotation Arm

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5) Elevation motor The elevation motor is used for the following two operations:

1. Elevation up and down

2. Shutter open and close (to move roller and disc guide, and to open or close the tray claws)

a. The elevation motor rotation slides the ELV stair

slides via the gears.

b. The ELV reverse arm (located on the mechanism

bottom side) synchronizes the left and right ELV stairs.

c. The linear position sensor (VR1) detects the height of

the elevation.

6) Carriage motor The carriage motor torque decelerated by the first belt is transferred via some gears. The last gear is engaged with the gear inserted into the feed screw. The feed screw is engaged with the rack of the PU unit, which moves the PU unit at last. When the PU unit moves to inner tracks than the home position, the disc clamp claws start to close. When the claws are open, the plate of the spindle motor support wheel is pressing the claws to hold them in the open position. When the PU rack and the arm move to close the claws, the plate will be lowered and the claws will be set inside the support wheel. This is the disc clamp claw close mode.

Linear Position Sensor (VR1)

ELV Reverse Arm

Elevation Motor

ELV Stair

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CX-951

PU Unit

Support Wheel

Disc Clamp Claw

Rack

Arm

Carriage Motor

Rack

Home Switch

Spindle Motor

Clamp Switch

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3. DISASSEMBLY

- Removing the Holder Unit

1. Set the whole mechanism to the loading mode.

2. Unhook the four springs of the Holder Unit and

temporarily hook them at the frames as shown in the

right figure.

3. Lift up the Holder Unit straight and remove it.

- Removing the PU Unit(PX1)

1. Set the mechanism to the shipment mode.

2. Remove the two screws A and two screws B.

3. Remove the Frame.

4. Apply shorting solder to the PU flexible cable before

disconnecting it from the connector CN12.

5. Disconnect the flexible cable from the connector CN12,

and remove the flexible cable Holder.

6. Remove the washer and Arm. (Be careful not to lose

the spring B.)

7. Remove the screw, spring A, and Collar.

8. Remove the Carriage Mech. Assy.

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9. Apply shorting solder to the PU flexible cable before

disconnecting it from the Connector.

10. Disconnect the PU flexible cable from the

Connector.

11. Move the PU Unit to the left side slightly by turning

the Gear.

12. Pull out the spindle motor Support Wheel Unit

upwards to remove it.

13. Remove the Spring.

14. Slide the holder to make it easier to remove the

Screw Unit.

15. While pressing the shaft holder in the direction

shown by the black arrow in the right figure, remove

the PU Unit together with the Screw Unit.

Note:

To assemble the PU Unit, insert the Spring on the PU

rear between the PU Unit and the Guide first.

- Removing the Load Motor Assy

1. Remove the four screws.

2. Disconnect the Load Motor connector from the

connector CN13.

3. Remove the Loading Mech. Assy.

4. Remove the washer and spring.

5. Remove the Roller.

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6. Remove the Arm and Holder.

7. Remove the screw and Load Motor Assy.

- Removing the Cam Motor Assy and ELV Motor

Assy

1. Remove the connector from the Connector CN14.

2. Remove the Cover.

3. Remove the screw A and the Cam Motor Assy.

4. Remove the screw B and the ELV Motor Assy.