Objective specification
Supersedes data of 1997 Jan 29
File under Integrated Circuits, IC02
2001 Mar 28
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
Integrated MPEG2 AVG decoderSAA7201
FEATURES
General
• Uses single external Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)
organizedas1M × 16interfacingat81 MHz;compatible
with the SDRAM ‘lite’ or ‘PC’
• Fast external CPU interface; 16-bit data + 8-bit address
• Dedicated input for audio and video data in PES or ESformat; data input rate: ≤9 Mbytes/s in byte mode;
≤20 Mbit/s in bit serial mode; audio and/or video data
can also serve as input via CPU interface
• Single 27 MHz external clock for time base reference
and internal processing; all required decoding and
presentation clocks are generated internally
• Internal system time base at 90 kHz can be
synchronized via CPU port
• Flexible memory allocation under control of the external
CPU enables optimized partitioning of memory for
different tasks
• Boundary scan (JTAG) plus external SDRAM self test
implemented
• Supply voltage 3.3 V
• Package 160 QFP.
CPU relation
• 16-bit data, 8-bit address, or 16-bit multiplexed bus;
Motorola and Intel mode supported
• Support for fast DMA transfer to either internal registers
or external SDRAM
• Maximum sustained rate to the external SDRAM is
9 Mbytes/s.
MPEG2 audio
• Decoding of 2 channel, layer I and II MPEG audio;
support for mono, stereo, intensity stereo and dual
channel mode
• Constant and variable bit rates up to 448 kbit/s
• Audio sampling frequencies: 48, 44.1, 32, 24, 22.05 and
16 kHz
• CRC error detection
• Selectable output channel in dual channel mode
• Independent volume control for both channels and
programmable inter-channel crosstalk control through a
baseband audio processing unit
• Storage ancillary data up to 54 bytes
• Dynamic range control at output
• Muting possibility via external controller; automatic
muting in case of errors
• Generation of ‘beeps’ with programmable tone height,
duration and amplitude
• Serial two channel digital audio output with 16, 18, 20 or
22 bits per sample, compatible with either I2S or
Japanese formats
• Serial SPDIF audio output
• Clock output 256 or 384 × fs for external D/A converter
• Audio input buffer in external SDRAM with
programmable size (default is 64 kbit)
• Programmable processing delay compensation
• Software controlled stop, pause, restricted skip, and
restart functions.
MPEG2 video
MPEG2 system
• Parsing of MPEG2 PES and MPEG1 packet streams
• Double System Time Clock (STC) counters for
discontinuity handling
• Time stamps or CPU controlled audio/video
synchronization
• Support for seamless time base change (edition)
• Processing of errors flagged by channel decoding or
demux section
• Support for retrieval of PES header and PES private
data.
2001 Mar 282
• Decoding of MPEG2 video up to main level, main profile
• Nominalvideoinputbuffersizeequals2.6 Mbit for Video
Main Profile and Main Level (MP@ML)
• Output picture format: CCIR-601 4 : 2 : 2 interlaced
pictures;picture format 720 × 576 at 50 Hz or 720 × 480
at 60 Hz
• 3 : 2 pull-down supported with 24 and 30 Hz sequences
• Support of constant and variable bit rates up to 15 Mbit/s
• Output interface at 8-bit wide, 27 MHz UYVY
multiplexed bus
• Horizontal and vertical pan and scan allows the
extraction of a window from the coded picture
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
Integrated MPEG2 AVG decoderSAA7201
• Flexible horizontal continuous scaling from 0.5 up to 4
allows easy aspect ratio conversion including support
for 2.21 : 1 aspect ratio movies
• Vertical scaling with fixed factors 0.5, 1 or 2 to support
picture scaling and up-sampling
• Scaling of incoming pictures to 25% of their original size
with anti-aliasing filtering to free screen space for
graphics applications like electronic program guides
• Non-fullscreen MPEG pictures will be displayedina box
of which position and background colour are adjustable
by the external CPU
• Video output may be slaved to internally (master)
generated or externally (slave) supplied HV
synchronization signals; the position of active video is
programmable; MPEG timebase changes do not
affected the display phase
• Video output direct connectable to SAA718X encoder
family
• Various trick modes under control of external CPU:
– Freeze I or P pictures; restart on I picture
– Freeze on B pictures; restart at any moment
– Scanning and decoding of I or I and P pictures
– Single step mode
– Repeat/Skip field for time base correction.
Graphics
• Graphics is region based and presented in boxes
independent of video format
• Screen arrangement of boxes is determined by display
list mechanism which allows for multiple boxes,
background loading, fast switching, scrolling and fading
of regions
• Support of 2, 4, 8 bits/pixel bit-maps in fixed bit-maps or
coded in accordance to the DVB variable/run length
standard for region bases graphics
• Optimized memory control in MPEG video decoding
allows for storage of graphical bit-maps up to 1.2 Mbit in
50 Hz and 2.0 Mbit in 60 Hz systems
• VL/RL encoding enables full screen graphics at
8 bit/pixel in 50 Hz
• Fast CPU access enables full bit-map updates within a
display field period
• Display colours are obtained via colour look-up tables;
CLUToutputisYUVTat8-bitfor each signal component
thus enabling 16M different colours and 6-bit for T
(transparency) which gives 64 mixing levels with video
• Bit-map table mechanism to specify a sub-set of entries
if the CLUT is larger than required by the coded bit
pattern; supported bit-map tables are 16 to 256,
4 to 256 and 4 to 16
• Graphics boxes may not overlap vertically; if 256 entry
CLUT has to be down loaded, a vertical separation of
1 field line is mandatory
• Internal support for fast block moves in the external
SDRAM during MPEG decoding
• Graphics mechanism can be used for signal generation
in the vertical blanking interval; useful for teletext, wide
screen signalling, closed caption etc.
• Support for a single down-loadable cursor of 1 kpixel
with programmable shape; supported shapes are
8 × 128, 16 × 64, 32 × 32, 64 × 16 and 128 × 8
• Cursor colours are determined via a 4-entry CLUT with
YUVT at 6, 4, 4 respectively 2 bits; mixing of cursor with
video + graphics in 4 levels
• Cursor can be moved freely across the screen without
overlapping restrictions.
2001 Mar 283
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
Integrated MPEG2 AVG decoderSAA7201
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The SAA7201 is an MPEG2 decoder which combines
audio decoding and video decoding. Additionally to these
basic MPEG functions it also provides means for
Due to an optimized architecture for audio and video
decoding, maximum capacity in the external memory and
processing power from the external CPU is available for
the support for graphics.
enhanced graphics and/or on-screen display.
QUICK REFERENCE DATA
SYMBOLPARAMETERMIN.TYP.MAX.UNIT
V
DD
V
CC
I
DD(tot)
f
CLK
∆f
CLK
functional supply voltage3.03.33.6V
pad supply voltage3.03.33.6V
total supply current at VDD= 3.3 V−tbf−mA
clock frequency−27.0−MHz
frequency deviation−30 × 10−6−+30 × 10
SDRAM_ADDR886memory address3.3O
SDRAM_ADDR987memory address3.3O
SDRAM_ADDR1188memory address3.3O
V
SS10
SDRAM_ADDR790memory address3.3O
SDRAM_ADDR1091memory address3.3O
SDRAM_ADDR692memory address3.3O
V
DD10
SDRAM_ADDR094memory address3.3O
SDRAM_ADDR595memory address3.3O
SDRAM_ADDR196memory address3.3O
V
SS11
SDRAM_ADDR498memory address3.3O
SDRAM_ADDR299memory address3.3O
SDRAM_ADDR3100memory address3.3O
V
SSCO3
V
DDCO3
V
DD11
TEST8104IC test interface3.3I/O
TEST7105IC test interface3.3I/O
HS106horizontal synchronization input and output3.3I/O
VS107vertical synchronization input and output3.3I/O
V
SS12
YUV0109YUV video output at 27 MHz3.3O/Z
YUV1110YUV video output at 27 MHz3.3O/Z
YUV2111YUV video output at 27 MHz3.3O/Z
YUV3112YUV video output at 27 MHz3.3O/Z
V
DD12
YUV4114YUV video output at 27 MHz3.3O/Z
YUV5115YUV video output at 27 MHz3.3O/Z
YUV6116YUV video output at 27 MHz3.3O/Z
YUV7117YUV video output at 27 MHz3.3O/Z
TEST6118IC test interface3.3I/O
GRPH119indicator for graphics information output3.3O
TEST5120IC test interface3.3I/O
81read command output3.3O
82ground for pad ring−−
85supply for pad ring3.3−
89ground for pad ring−−
93supply for pad ring3.3−
97ground for pad ring−−
101ground for core logic−−
102supply for core logic3.3−
103supply for pad ring3.3−
108ground for pad ring−−
113supply for pad ring3.3−
2001 Mar 288
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
Integrated MPEG2 AVG decoderSAA7201
SYMBOLPINDESCRIPTIONVI/O
V
DDA
V
SSA
V
SS13
CLK12427 MHz clock input3.3I
V
SS14
TCLK126boundary scan test clock input3.3I
TRST127boundary scan test reset input3.3I
TMS128boundary scan test mode select input3.3I
TD
O
TD
I
V
DD13
TEST4132IC test interface3.3I/O
TEST3133IC test interface3.3I/O
TEST2134IC test interface3.3I/O
TEST1135IC test interface3.3I/O
TEST0136IC test interface3.3I/O
V
DD14
RESET138hard reset input (active LOW)3.3I
FSCLK139256 or 384 f
V
DDCO4
V
SSCO4
SCLK142serial audio clock output3.3O/Z
SD143serial audio data output3.3O/Z
V
SS15
WS145word select output3.3O/Z
SPDIF146digital audio output3.3O/Z
ERROR147flag for bitstream error input5.0I
V_STROBE148video strobe input5.0I
V
DD15
AV_DATA0150MPEG input port for PES data5.0I
AV_DATA1151MPEG input port for PES data5.0I
AV_DATA2152MPEG input port for PES data5.0I
AV_DATA3153MPEG input port for PES data5.0I
V
SS16
AV_DATA4155MPEG input port for PES data5.0I
AV_DATA5156MPEG input port for PES data5.0I
AV_DATA6157MPEG input port for PES data5.0I
AV_DATA7158MPEG input port for PES data5.0I
A_STROBE159audio strobe input5.0I
V
DD16
121supply for analogue blocks3.3−
122ground for analogue blocks−−
123ground for pad ring−−
125ground for pad ring−−
129boundary scan test data output3.3O
130boundary scan test data input3.3I
131supply for pad ring3.3−
137supply for pad ring3.3−
(audio sampling) output3.3O/Z
s
140supply for core logic3.3−
141ground for core logic−−
The SAA7201 is an MPEG2 decoder which combines
audio decoding, video decoding and enhanced region
based graphics. The decoder operates with a single
16 Mbit external synchronous dynamic random access
memory(SDRAM)andruns from a single external 27 MHz
clock. Due to the optimized memory control for MPEG2
decoding, more than 1 Mbit is available for graphics in
50 Hz systems.
MPEG2 data can be accepted up to 9 Mbytes/s through a
dedicated byte wide interface. The data on this interface
can be either in PES (Packetized Elementary Stream),
MPEG1 packet or ES (Elementary Stream) format as
described in Chapter “References”. Two additional strobe
signals distinguish between audio and video data.
The internal video decoder is capable of decoding all
MPEG compliant streams up to main level main profile as
specified in Chapter “References”. The audio decoder
implements 2 channel audio decoding according to the
standards in Chapter “References”.
All real time audio/video decoding and synchronization
tasks are performed autonomously, so the external
microcontroller only needs to perform high-level tasks like
initialization, status monitoring and trick mode control.
The main support task of the external microcontroller
concerns the control of the graphical unit. This unit should
be supplied with bit-maps, determining the contents of the
graphical regions and by a simple set of instructions
determining the appearance of the graphical data on the
screen. Most graphical information should be stored in the
external memory which implies multiple data transfers
between CPU and the external memory. By performing
these data transfers on a direct memory access (DMA)
basis, full bit-maps can be transferred within one video
frame period.
The video output, containing a mix of MPEG video and
graphical data, is at a YUV multiplexed format which can
be directly connected to an external composite video
encoder. The audio output, containing a mix of MPEG
audio and programmable ‘beeps’, is in a serial, I2S or
Japanese format which can be directly supplied to most
commercially available up-sampling audio DA converters.
A functional block diagram of the decoder is given in Fig.1.
Its application environment is depicted in Fig.24. In the
following sections, a brief description of the individual
internal blocks of the MPEG2 decoder will be given.
Audio/video interface
In a basic set-top box application the SAA7201 receives
audio and video PES data in a byte wide format at rates up
to 9 Mbytes/s. A timing diagram is shown in Fig.3. Next to
the 8-bit wide data bus an audio and video strobe is
expected at the input. Erroneous data may be flagged via
the error indicator.
AVDAT0
handbook, full pagewidth
to
AVDAT7
VSTROBE
ASTROBE
ERROR
video byte (n)video byte (n + 1)audio byte (m)
≥25 ns≥25 ns
≥75 ns
Fig.3 Timing diagram of parallel input mode.
2001 Mar 2811
MGD323
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