PASCO TD-8592 User Manual
Instruction Manual and
Experiment Guide for the
PASCO scientific
Model TD-8592
SMALL PISTON HEAT
ENGINE APPARATUS
012-08375A
The exclamation point within an equilateral
triangle is intended to alert the user of the
presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature
accompanying the appliance.
012-08375A
Small Piston Heat Engine
Table of Contents
Section Page
Copyright, Warranty, and Equipment Return ....................................................ii
Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1
Equipment ........................................................................................................ 1
Experiments
1) Operation of a Heat Engine ........................................................................ 3
2) Charles’ Law ............................................................................................. 5
3) Boyle’s Law .............................................................................................. 7
4) Combined Gas Law (Gay-Lussac’s) .......................................................... 9
5) The Mass Lifter Heat Engine ................................................................. 11–18
Technical Support ................................................................................... Back Cover
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Small Piston Heat Engine 012-08375A
Copyright, Warranty, and Equipment Return
Please—Feel free to duplicate this manual
subject to the copyright restrictions below.
Copyright Notice
The PASCO scientific 012-08375A Small Pistion Heat
Engine manual is copyrighted and all rights reserved.
However, permission is granted to non-profit educational
institutions for reproduction of any part of the manual,
providing the reproductions are used only for their
laboratories and are not sold for profit. Reproduction
under any other circumstances, without the written
consent of PASCO scientific, is prohibited.
Limited Warranty
PASCO scientific warrants the product to be free from
defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one
year from the date of shipment to the customer. PASCO
will repair or replace at its option any part of the product
which is deemed to be defective in material or workmanship. The warranty does not cover damage to the product
caused by abuse or improper use. Determination of
whether a product failure is the result of a manufacturing
defect or improper use by the customer shall be made
solely by PASCO scientific. Responsibility for the return
of equipment for warranty repair belongs to the customer.
Equipment must be properly packed to prevent damage
and shipped postage or freight prepaid. (Damage caused
by improper packing of the equipment for return shipment
will not be covered by the warranty.) Shipping costs for
returning the equipment after repair will be paid by
PASCO scientific.
Equipment Return
If the product requires return to PASCO scientific for any
reason, notify PASCO scientific by letter, phone, or fax
BEFORE returning the product. Upon notification, the
return authorization and shipping instructions will be
promptly issued.
➤➤
➤
NOTE: NO EQUIPMENT WILL BE
➤➤
ACCEPTED FOR RETURN WITHOUT AN
AUTHORIZATION FROM PASCO.
When returning equipment for repair, the units must
be properly packed. Carriers will not accept responsibility for damage caused by improper packing. To
be certain the unit will not be damaged in shipment,
observe the following rules:
➀ The packing carton must be strong enough for the item
shipped.
➁ Make certain there are at least two inches of packing
material between any point on the apparatus and the
inside walls of the carton.
➂ Make certain that the packing material cannot shift in
the box or become compressed, allowing the
instrument come in contact with the packing carton.
Address: PASCO scientific
10101 Foothills Blvd.
Roseville, CA 95747-7100
Credits
Editor: Sunny Bishop
Phone: (916) 786-3800
FAX: (916) 786-3292
email: techsupp@pasco.com
web: www.pasco.com
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012-08375A Small Piston Heat Engine
Introduction
The PASCO TD-8592 Small Piston Heat Engine is used
for quantitative experiments involving the Ideal Gas Law
(as described below) and for investigations of a working
heat engine. The equipment allows the amount of work
done by thermal energy to be measured.
Equipment
Mass platform for
adding a load to
do work
experiments
Precision-bore
pyrex cylinder
inside a protective
plastic shield
Piston-holding
thumbscrew
Graphite piston
with mm scale for
measuring piston
displacement
Pressure port
mating
connectors
The heart of this apparatus is a nearly friction-free piston/
cylinder system. The graphite piston fits snugly into a
precision-ground Pyrex cylinder so that the system
produces almost friction-free motion and negligible
leakage.
The apparatus includes the following equipment:
• Base apparatus (Figure 1)
- piston diameter: 15.9 mm ± 0.1
- mass of piston and platform: 15.9 g ± .06
• Air chamber (Figure 2)
• Three hose configurations: one with one-way check
valves and one with a clamp (Figure 2), and one
plain piece of tubing (not shown)
• One each, one-holed and two-holed rubber stopper
Air chamber for
immersing in hot
or cold water
Tubing for connecting
chamber to cylinder
Figure 1. Base apparatus with piston
The Small Piston Heat Engine is designed with two
pressure ports with quick-connect fittings for connecting
to the air chamber tubing.
The apparatus can be connected to a Low Pressure Sensor
for use with PASCO computer interfaces.
Do not apply lubricant to the piston or
cylinder.
Do not immerse the base apparatus in
liquid.
Note: Use only non-caustic/non-toxic
gases such as air or helium.
clamp
pressure port mating connectors
Figure 2. Air chamber and tubing
one-way
check valves
Always release the tubing clamps prior to
storage to avoid permanently deforming the
tubing.
Maximum Pressure: 345 kPa.
1
Small Piston Heat Engine
Notes:
012-08375A
2
012-08375A Small Piston Heat Engine
Experiment 1: Operation of a Heat Engine
Equipment Required:
• Small Piston Heat Engine
• Mass, 50 – 100 g mass
Equipment Setup
• Container of hot water
• Container of ice water
➀ Using the one-holed stopper, connect the tubing
with the one-way valves to the air chamber and
to a connecting port on the base assembly.
➁ Close the shut-off valve on the tubing from the
unused port.
➂ Set a mass of 50 to 100 g on the mass platform.
➤ Note: Use a maximum mass of 100 grams in
the experiment. A larger mass will cause the
valve seals to leak.
Procedure
➀ Move the air chamber from an ice water bath to a
hot water bath. You will note that the air in the
chamber quickly expands through the tubing and
moves the piston up. Note also that the one-way
check valve in the tubing connecting the base
apparatus and the air chamber permits air to enter
the cylinder, while the other one-way checkvalve
prevents air from leaving through the branched
tube.
mass
m
Close the shut-off
valve on the
tubing from the
unused port.
HEAT ENGINE
GAS LAW APPARATUS
TD-8572
Piston Dia.:
Piston&Platform
32.5mm±0.1
Mass:
35.0g±0.6
CAUTION:
Max. Pres.: 345kPa. Use Gases Only
DO NOT
Immerse in any Liquid
DO NOT Lubricate Piston or Cylinder
Pressure Port Mating Connector:
PASCO Part No. 640-021
direction of
air flow
one-way check
valves
Figure 1.1. Setup for the Heat Engine
air chamber
➁ Move the air chamber back to the cold bath and note that external air is sucked into the air chamber through the
one-way valve located at the end of the branched tube. Note also that the one-way valve in the connecting
tube prevents the air from escaping from the piston, so the height of the piston remains the same.
➂ Repeat steps 1 and 2 until the mass has been completely lifted. The greater the temperature differential be-
tween the hot and cold water baths, the greater the lift achieved through each cycle through them.
Note: For a more detailed, quantitative investiagtion of the heat engine operation, see Experiment 5 (page 11).
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