Parallels Virtuozzo Containers Reference Guide

Parallels

Parallels Virtuozzo
Containers 4.6 for
Windows

Reference Guide

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All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.

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Contents

Preface 5

About Parallels Virtuozzo Containers .......................................................................................................... 6

About This Guide ......................................................................................................................................... 7

Organizati on of This Gui de............................................................................................................... 7

Documentation Conventions ............................................................................................................. 8

Getting Help ................................................................................................................................................. 9

Feedback .................................................................................................................................................... 10

Parallels Virtuozzo Containers Utilities Overview 11

General Utilities 13

vzctl ............................................................................................................................................................ 14

vzctl create ...................................................................................................................................... 16

vzctl delete and vzctl destroy .......................................................................................................... 17

vzctl mount and vzctl umount ......................................................................................................... 17

vzctl start, vzctl stop, vzctl restart, and vzctl status ........................................................................ 17

vzctl set ........................................................................................................................................... 18

vzctl exec, vzctl exec2, and vzctl enter ........................................................................................... 23

vzctl mountext and vzctl umounte xt ............................................................................................... 24

vzctl partadd and vzctl partdel ........................................................................................................ 24

vzctl reinstall ................................................................................................................................... 25

vzctl shrink ...................................................................................................................................... 25

vzctl defrag ..................................................................................................................................... 26

vzctl addrole, vzctl delrole, vzctl enumrole .................................................................................... 27

vzlist ........................................................................................................................................................... 28

vzlist Output Parameters and Their Modifiers ................................................................................ 29

vzquota ....................................................................................................................................................... 31

vzquota setlimit ............................................................................................................................... 32

vzquota stat and vzquota show ........................................................................................................ 32

Contents 4

Licensing Utilities 33

vzlicload ..................................................................................................................................................... 34

vzlicview .................................................................................................................................................... 35

Migration Utilities 36

vzmigrate .................................................................................................................................................... 37

vzp2v .......................................................................................................................................................... 39

vzmlocal ..................................................................................................................................................... 40

Backing-Up Utilities 41

vzabackup ................................................................................................................................................... 42

vzarestore ................................................................................................................................................... 44

vzvssctl ....................................................................................................................................................... 45

Template Management Utilities 46

vzpkgls ....................................................................................................................................................... 46

vzpkgdeploy ............................................................................................................................................... 47

vzpkgadd .................................................................................................................................................... 47

vzpkgrm ..................................................................................................................................................... 48

Supplementary Utilities 49

vzkeygen .................................................................................................................................................... 49

vzcache ....................................................................................................................................................... 50

vzlscache .................................................................................................................................................... 51

vzuncache ................................................................................................................................................... 52

vznetcfg ...................................................................................................................................................... 53

vznetstat ..................................................................................................................................................... 54

vzdevctl ...................................................................................................................................................... 55

vzcpucfg ..................................................................................................................................................... 57

vzquery ....................................................................................................................................................... 58

vzwinupdatecmd ........................................................................................................................................ 59

Glossary 60

Index 62

5

Feedback ............................................................................................................................... 10

C

1

HAPTER

Preface

In This Chapter

About Parallels Virtuozzo Containers ................................................................................... 6

About This Guide .................................................................................................................. 7

Getting Help .......................................................................................................................... 9

Preface 6

About Parallels Virtuozzo Containers

Parallels Virtuozzo Containers is a patented OS virtualization solution. It creates isolated
partitions or Containers on a single physical server and OS instance to utilize hardware,
software, data center and management effort with maximum efficiency. The basic Parallels
Virtuozzo Containers capabilities are:

 Intelligent Partitioning—Division of a server into as many as hundreds of Containers with

full server functionality.

 Complete Isolation—Containers are secure and have full functional, fault and performance

isolation.

 Dynamic Resource Allocation—CPU, memory, network, disk and I/O can be changed

without rebooting.

 Mass Management—Suite of tools and templates for automated, multi-Container and

multi-server administration.

The diagram below represents a typical model of the Parallels Virtuozzo Containers system
structure:

Preface 7

The Parallels Virtuozzo Containers OS virtualization model is streamlined for the best
performance, management, and efficiency. At the base resides a standard Host operating system
which can be either Windows or Linux. Next is the virtualization layer with a proprietary file
system and a kernel service abstraction layer that ensure the isolation and security of resources
between different Containers. The virtualization layer makes each Container appear as a
standalone server. Finally, the Container itself houses the application or workload.

The Parallels Virtuozzo Containers OS virtualization solution has the highest efficiency and
manageability making it the best solution for organizations concerned with containing the IT
infrastructure and maximizing the resource utilization. The Parallels Virtuozzo Containers
complete set of management tools and unique architecture makes it the perfect solution for
easily maintaining, monitoring, and managing virtualized server resources for consolidation and
business continuity configurations.

About This Guide

This guide is a complete reference on all Parallels Virtuozzo Containers configuration files and
Hardware Node command-line utilities. It familiarizes you with the way to configure Parallels
Virtuozzo Containers to meet your requirements and to perform various tasks by using the
corresponding Parallels command line utilities.

The primary audience for this guide is anyone who is looking for an explanation of a particular
configuration option, does not understand a Parallels file format, needs help for a particular
command, or is seeking for a command to perform a certain task.

Organization of This Guide

Chapter 2, Parallels Virtuozzo Containers Utilities Overview, lists all utilities supported in the

current version of Parallels Virtuozzo Containers.
Chapter 3, General Utilities, describes utilities intended for performing day -to-day maintenance

tasks.
Chapter 4, Licensing Utilities, provides the information on utilities for managing Parallels

Virtuozzo Containers licens es.
Chapter 5, Migration Utilities, focuses on utilities for migrating Containers between Hardware

Nodes or within one Hardware Node.
Chapter 6, Backing-Up Utilities, describes utilities for backing up and restoring Container private

areas and configuration files.
Chapter 7, Template Management Utilities, focuses on utilities for creating and managing

templates.
Chapter 8, Miscellaneous Utilities, concentrates on utilities for performing different tasks in the

Hardware Node and Container context.

Preface 8

Preformatted

Saved parameters for Container

Preformatted

C:\Documents and

Documentation Conventions

Before you start using this guide, it is important to understand the documentation conventions
used in it. For information on specialized terms used in the documentation, see the glossary at
the end of this document.

Typographical Conventions
The following kinds of formatting in the text identify special information.

Formatting
convention

Bold

Moonscape

Monospace
Italics

Special Bold

Italics Used to emphasize the importance of a

Type of Information Example

On-screen computer output in your
command-line sessions; source code in
XML, C++, or other programming
languages.

What you type, as contrasted with on­screen computer output.

The names of commands, files, and
directories.

Designates a command line
placeholder, which is to be replaced
with a real name or value.

All elements of the graphical user
interface (GUI): menu items, menu
options, menu buttons, etc.

Titles of chapters, sections, and
subsections.

point or to introduce a term.

101

Settings\Administrator> vzlist

Use vzctl start to start a Container.

To delete a Container, type vzctl
delete CT_ID.

Go to the Resources tab.

Read the Basic Administration chapter.

Host operating system is an opera t ing system
installed on the Hardware Node.

CAPITALS Names of ke ys on the keyboard. SHIFT, C TRL, ALT

KEY+KEY Key combinations for which the user

must press and hold down one key and
then press a nother.

CTRL+P, ALT+F4

General Conventions
Be aware of the following conventions used in this book.

 Chapters in this guide are divided into sections, which, in turn, are subdivided into

subsections. For example, Documentation Conventions is a section, and General Conventions
is a subsection.

 When following steps or using examples, be sure to type double-quotes (") and single-

quotes (') exactly as shown.

Preface 9

Getting Help

In addition to this guide, there are a number of other resources available for Parallels Virtuozzo
Containers 4.6 which can help you use the product more effectively. These resources include:

 Getting Started With Parallels Virtuozzo Containers 4.6. This guide provides basic

information on how to install Parallels Virtuozzo Containers 4.6 on your server, create
new Containers, and perform main operations on them.

 Parallels Virtuozzo Containers 4.6 Installation Guide. This guide provides exhaustive

information on the process of installing, configuring, and deploying your Parallels
Virtuozzo Containers system. Unlike the Getting Started With Parallels Virtuozzo
Containers 4.6 guide, it contains a more detailed description of all the operations needed
to install and set Parallels Virtuozzo Containers 4.6 to work including planning the
structure of your Parallels Virtuozzo Containers network, performing the Parallels
Virtuozzo Containers unattended installation, etc. Besides, it does not include the
description of any Container-related operations.

 Parallels Virtuozzo Containers 4.6 User's Guide. This guide provides comprehensive

information on Parallels Virtuozzo Containers 4.6 covering the necessary theoretical
conceptions as well as all practical aspects of working with Parallels Virtuozzo
Containers. However, it does not deal with the process of installing and configuring your
Parallels Virtuozzo Contain ers sy stem.

 Parallels Virtuozzo Containers 4.6 Templates Management Guide. This guide is meant

to provide complete information on Parallels Virtuozzo Containers templates, an
exclusive Parallels Virtuozzo Containers technology allowing you to efficiently deploy
standard Windows applications inside your Containers and to greatly save the Hardware
Node resources (physical memory, disk space, etc.).

 Deploying Microsoft Clusters in Parallels-Based Systems. This document provides

information on creating Microsoft failover and Network Load Balancing clusters in
Parallels Vir tuozzo Contain ers -based systems.

 Parallels Management Console Help. This help system provides detailed information on

Parallels Management Console, a graphical user interface tool for managing Hardware
Nodes and their Containers.

 Parallels Virtual Automation Online Help. This help system shows you how to work

with Parallels Virtual Automation, a tool providing you with the ability to manage
Hardware Nodes and their Containers with the help of a standard Web browser on any
platform.

 Parallels Power Panel Online Help. This help system deals with Parallels Power Panel,

a means for administering individual Containers through a common Web browser on any
platform.

Preface 10

Feedback

If you spot a typo in this guide, or if you have an opinion about how to make this guide more
helpful, you can share your comments and suggestions with us by completing the
Documentation Feedback form on our website (http://www.parallels.com/en/support/usersdoc/).