Parallels Server Bare Metal
5.0
Command-Line Reference Guide
Copyright © 1999-2011 Parallels Holdings, Ltd. and its affiliates. All rights reserved.
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Contents
Introduction ............................................................................................................... 8
About Parallels Server Bare Metal 5.0 .............................................................................. 9
About This Guide .......................................................................................................... 10
Organization of This Guide .................................................................................................... 11
Documentation Conventions ................................................................................................. 11
Formatting Legend ........................................................................................................ 13
Getting Help .................................................................................................................. 14
Feedback ...................................................................................................................... 15
Managing Parallels Server Bare Metal 5.0.............................................................. 16
Parallels Server Bare Metal Configuration Files ............................................................... 17
Global Parallels Server Bare Metal Configuration File ............................................................. 19
Container Configuration File ................................................................................................... 26
Linux Distribution Configuration Files ..................................................................................... 34
Network Classes Definition File .............................................................................................. 36
vzup2date Configuration File ................................................................................................. 37
vzup2date-mirror Configuration File ....................................................................................... 38
vzvpn Configuration File ......................................................................................................... 41
vzreport Configuration File ..................................................................................................... 42
Kernel Parameters ................................................................................................................. 43
Offline Management Configuration Files ................................................................................. 44
vzlmond Configuration File ..................................................................................................... 45
vzstat Configuration File......................................................................................................... 47
vzrmond Configuration File .................................................................................................... 49
vzstatrep Configuration File ................................................................................................... 52
Backup Configuration File ...................................................................................................... 54
vzrhnproxy Configuration File ................................................................................................. 57
vzpkgproxy Configuration File ................................................................................................ 58
vztt Configuration File ............................................................................................................ 59
Parallels Server Bare Metal Scripts................................................................................. 59
Overview ............................................................................................................................... 60
Contents
Container Action Scripts ........................................................................................................ 61
Virtual Machine Action Scripts ............................................................................................... 63
Parallels Server Bare Metal Utilities ................................................................................ 63
prlsrvctl .................................................................................................................................. 64
vzup2date ............................................................................................................................. 81
vzup2date-mirror ................................................................................................................... 88
vzlicload ................................................................................................................................ 89
vzlicupdate ............................................................................................................................ 90
vzlicview ................................................................................................................................ 91
vznetcfg ................................................................................................................................. 92
vzreport ................................................................................................................................. 93
vzstatrep ............................................................................................................................... 94
pstat ...................................................................................................................................... 95
Managing Containers ............................................................................................ 102
Matrix of Parallels Server Bare Metal Command-Line Utilities ........................................ 103
pctl ............................................................................................................................. 105
pctl create ........................................................................................................................... 107
pctl delete and pctl destroy ................................................................................................. 108
pctl start, pctl stop, pctl restart, and pctl status ................................................................... 109
pctl mount and pctl umount ................................................................................................ 110
pctl set ................................................................................................................................ 111
pctl unset ............................................................................................................................ 120
pctl exec, pctl exec2, and pctl enter .................................................................................... 120
pctl recover and pctl reinstall ............................................................................................... 121
pctl quotaon, pctl quotaoff, and pctl quotainit ..................................................................... 122
pctl suspend and pctl resume ............................................................................................. 122
pctl runscript ....................................................................................................................... 123
vzlist ........................................................................................................................... 124
vzlist Output Parameters and Their Specifiers ...................................................................... 126
vzquota ....................................................................................................................... 130
vzquota init .......................................................................................................................... 131
vzquota drop ....................................................................................................................... 132
vzquota on and vzquota off ................................................................................................. 132
vzquota setlimit ................................................................................................................... 133
vzquota setlimit2 ................................................................................................................. 133
Contents
vzquota stat and vzquota show ........................................................................................... 134
Migration Utilities ......................................................................................................... 135
pmigrate .............................................................................................................................. 135
vzmigrate ............................................................................................................................. 139
vzmlocal .............................................................................................................................. 141
vzp2v................................................................................................................................... 142
Backing-Up Utilities ..................................................................................................... 143
pbackup .............................................................................................................................. 144
prestore ............................................................................................................................... 146
EZ Template Management Utilities ............................................................................... 148
vzpkg install template .......................................................................................................... 149
vzpkg update template ........................................................................................................ 149
vzpkg remove template ....................................................................................................... 150
vzpkg list ............................................................................................................................. 151
vzpkg info ............................................................................................................................ 153
vzpkg status ........................................................................................................................ 156
vzpkg install ......................................................................................................................... 157
vzpkg update ...................................................................................................................... 159
vzpkg remove ...................................................................................................................... 160
vzpkg link ............................................................................................................................ 161
vzpkg create cache ............................................................................................................. 162
vzpkg update cache ............................................................................................................ 163
vzpkg remove cache ........................................................................................................... 164
vzpkg localinstall .................................................................................................................. 165
vzpkg localupdate ............................................................................................................... 166
vzpkg upgrade .................................................................................................................... 167
vzpkg fetch .......................................................................................................................... 168
vzpkg clean ......................................................................................................................... 169
vzpkg update metadata ....................................................................................................... 170
vzmktmpl ............................................................................................................................. 171
vzpkgproxy .......................................................................................................................... 175
vzrhnproxy ........................................................................................................................... 176
Supplementary Tools................................................................................................... 178
vzfsutil ................................................................................................................................. 178
vzcache ............................................................................................................................... 180
Contents
vzps and vztop .................................................................................................................... 181
vzsetxinetd .......................................................................................................................... 182
vzdqcheck ........................................................................................................................... 183
vzdqdump and vzdqload ..................................................................................................... 184
vznetstat .............................................................................................................................. 185
vzcpucheck ......................................................................................................................... 185
vzmemcheck ....................................................................................................................... 186
vzcalc .................................................................................................................................. 186
vzcheckovr .......................................................................................................................... 186
vzpid ................................................................................................................................... 187
vzsplit .................................................................................................................................. 187
vzcfgscale ........................................................................................................................... 188
vzcfgvalidate ........................................................................................................................ 189
vzhwcalc ............................................................................................................................. 190
vzmtemplate ........................................................................................................................ 191
Managing Virtual Machines ................................................................................... 192
pctl ............................................................................................................................. 192
pctl backup ......................................................................................................................... 193
pctl backup-delete .............................................................................................................. 194
pctl backup-list .................................................................................................................... 195
pctl capture ......................................................................................................................... 196
pctl clone ............................................................................................................................. 196
pctl enter ............................................................................................................................. 197
pctl exec .............................................................................................................................. 197
pctl list ................................................................................................................................. 198
pctl pause, suspend, resume .............................................................................................. 199
pctl problem-report ............................................................................................................. 200
pctl restore .......................................................................................................................... 201
pctl set ................................................................................................................................ 201
pctl snapshot....................................................................................................................... 221
pctl snapshot-delete ............................................................................................................ 222
pctl snapshot-list ................................................................................................................. 222
pctl snapshot-switch ........................................................................................................... 223
pctl start, stop, reset ........................................................................................................... 224
General Syntax .................................................................................................................... 225
Contents
pctl create ........................................................................................................................... 226
pctl delete ........................................................................................................................... 227
pctl migrate ......................................................................................................................... 228
pctl mount ........................................................................................................................... 229
pctl register, unregister ........................................................................................................ 230
pctl server ........................................................................................................................... 231
pctl umount ......................................................................................................................... 231
pmigrate ..................................................................................................................... 232
pbackup ..................................................................................................................... 235
prestore ...................................................................................................................... 236
prl_disk_tool ................................................................................................................ 237
pnetstat ...................................................................................................................... 239
prl_convert .................................................................................................................. 240
Glossary ................................................................................................................. 241
Index ...................................................................................................................... 243
C HAPTER 1
Introduction
In This Chapter
About Parallels Server Bare Metal 5.0 ..................................................................... 9
About This Guide ................................................................................................... 10
Formatting Legend ................................................................................................. 13
Getting Help ........................................................................................................... 14
Feedback ............................................................................................................... 15
Introduction
About Parallels Server Bare Metal 5.0
Parallels Server Bare Metal 5.0 allows you to simultaneously run Parallels virtual machines and
Containers on a single server. With Parallels Server Bare Metal, you can efficiently use your server's
hardware resources by sharing them among multiple virtual machines and Containers.
Parallels Server Bare Metal is installed directly on the server hardware and does not need any
operating system for its functioning. Once it is installed, Parallels Server Bare Metal allows you to
create virtual machines and Containers and manage them using the following tools:
• Command-line interface (CLI). The command-line interface comprises a set of Parallels
command-line utilities that you can use to manage virtual machines and Containers both locally
and remotely.
• Parallels Management Console. Parallels Management Console is a remote management tool
for Parallels Server Bare Metal with a graphical user interface. You can use this tool to manage
servers and Parallels virtual machines residing on them.
Note: In this version of Parallels Server Bare Metal, you cannot use Parallels Management Console to
create and manage Parallels Containers.
Graphically, a server with the Parallels Server Bare Metal software installed can be represented as
follows:
9
Introduction
About This Guide
This guide is a complete reference on all Parallels Server Bare Metal configuration files and
command-line utilities. It familiarizes you with the way to configure Parallels Server Bare Metal to
meet your requirements and to perform various tasks by using the corresponding command-line
utilities.
The primary audience for this guide is anyone who is looking for an explanation of a particular
configuration option, needs help for a particular command, or is seeking for a command to perform
a certain task.
10
Introduction
Organization of This Guide
Chapter 1, Introduction, gives an overview of the Parallels Server Bare Metal product and this
guide.
Chapter 2, Managing Parallels Server Bare Metal 5.0, provides instructions on Parallels Server
Bare Metal configuration files, scripts, and command-line utilities.
Chapter 3, Managing Containers, describes Parallels Server Bare Metal command-line utilities
that can be used for managing your Containers.
Chapter 4, Managing Virtual Machines, focuses on Parallels Server Bare Metal utilities that can
used for managing your virtual machines.
Documentation Conventions
Before you start using this guide, it is important to understand the documentation conventions used
in it.
The table below presents the existing formatting conventions.
Formatting convention Type of Information Example
Special Bold
Items you must select, such as
menu options, command buttons,
or items in a list.
Titles of chapters, sections, and
subsections.
Go to the Resources tab.
Read the Basic Administration chapter.
11
Introduction
Preformatted
Saved parameters for Container
Monospace Bold
# rpm –V virtuozzo-release
Italics
Monospace
Key+Key Key combinations for which the
Used to emphasize the
importance of a point, to
introduce a term or to designate a
command-line placeholder, which
is to be replaced with a real name
or value.
The names of commands, files,
and directories.
On-screen computer output in
your command-line sessions;
source code in XML, C++, or
other programming languages.
What you type, as contrasted with
on-screen computer output.
user must press and hold down
one key and then press another.
These are the so-called EZ templates.
To destroy a Container, type vzctl
destroy ctid.
Use vzctl start to start a Container.
101
Ctrl+P, Alt+F4
Besides the formatting conventions, you should also know about the document organization
convention applied to Parallels documents: chapters in all guides are divided into sections, which,
in their turn, are subdivided into subsections. For example, About This Guide is a section, and
Documentation Conventions is a subsection.
12
Formatting Legend
Parameters that the user must type exactly as
Format Meaning
Bold
shown.
Introduction
Italic
Between square brackets.
Example: [--name name]
Between curly brackets and/or
separated by pipe (|).
Examples:
ID|name
{-o name|-d name}
Parameter followed by the same
parameter in brackets with ellipses.
Example: name[,name...]
Parameter values that the user must supply.
Optional parameters.
Set of choices from which the user must
choose only one.
Parameters that can be repeated more than
once in the same command line.
13
Introduction
Getting Help
In addition to this guide, there are a number of other resources available for Parallels Server Bare
Metal which can help you use the product more effectively. These resources include:
Manuals:
• Parallels Server Bare Metal 5.0 Installation Guide. This guide provides detailed information
on installing Parallels Server Bare Metal on your server, including the pre-requisites and the
stages you shall pass.
• Getting Started With Parallels Server Bare Metal 5.0. This guide provides basic information
on how to install Parallels Server Bare Metal on your server, create new Containers and
virtual machines, and perform main operations on them. As distinct from the Parallels Server
Bare Metal 5.0 Installation Guide, it does not contain detailed description of all the
operations needed to install and set Parallels Server Bare Metal to work (e.g. installing
Parallels Server Bare Metal in the text mode).
• Parallels Server Bare Metal 5.0 User's Guide. This guide provides comprehensive
information on Parallels Server Bare Metal covering the necessary theoretical conceptions as
well as all practical aspects of working with the product. However, it does not deal with the
process of installing and configuring your system.
• Parallels Server 4 Templates Management Guide. This guide is meant to provide complete
information on Parallels templates - an exclusive Parallels technology allowing you to
efficiently deploy standard Linux applications inside your Containers and to greatly save the
physical server resources (physical memory, disk space, etc.).
• Deploying Clusters in Parallels-Based Systems. This guide describes the process of creating
Parallels failover and GFS clusters using the Red Hat Cluster Suite (RHCS) software.
Help systems:
• Getting Started with Parallels Management Console. This help system provides information
on how to start working in Parallels Management Console. You will learn how to install this
application on your computer, connect to a physical server running Parallels Server Bare
Metal, and perform the basic operations on your virtual machines.
• Parallels Management Console User's Guide. This help system provides detailed information
on Parallels Management Console - a graphical user interface tool for managing physical
servers and their virtual machines.
14
Introduction
Feedback
If you spot a typo in this guide, or if you have an opinion about how to make this guide more
helpful, you can share your comments and suggestions with us by completing the Documentation
Feedback form on our website (http://www.parallels.com/en/support/usersdoc/).
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