Onwa KR-1338C v.1 User Manual

Download

KR-1338/1668

OPERATOR'S MANUAL

KR-1338/1668

10.4 TFT LCD COLOR MARINE RADAR

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

"DANGER","WARNING" and "CAUTION" notices throughout this manual. It is the responsibility of the operator and the installer of the equipment to read, understand and follows these notices. If you have any questions regarding these safety instructions, please contact a ONWA agent or dealer.

WARNING

Do not open the equipment.

Hazardous voltage which can cause electrical shock, burn or serious injury exists

inside the equipment. Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.

Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the antenna unit.

Serious injury or death can result if someone falls from the radar antenna mast.

Stay away from transmitting antenna.

The radar antenna emits microwave radiation which can be harmful to the human

body, particularly the eyes. Never look directly into the antenna radiator from a

distance of less than 1 m when the radar is in operation.

Turn off the radar power switch before servicing the antenna unit. Post a

warning sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the

antenna unit is being serviced.

Prevent the potential risk of someone begin struck by the rotating antenna and

exposure to the RF radiation hazard.

Do not disassemble or modify the equipment.

Fire electrical shock or serious injury can result.

Turn off the power immediately if water leaks into the equipment or the equipment is

emitting smoke or fire.

Continued use of the equipment can cause fire or electrical shock.

Do not place liquid-filled containers on the top of the equipment.

Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid spills into the equipment.

CAUTION

Use the proper fuse.

Use of a wrong fuse can result in fire or permanent equipment damage.

Do not use the equipment for other than its intended purpose.

Personal injury can result if the equipment is used as a chair or stepping stool, for example.

Do not objects on the top of the equipment.

The equipment can overheat or personal injury can result if the object falls.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD 1

Features 1 Model KR-1338 SPECIFICATION 2 Model KR-1668 SPECIFICATION 4

CONFIGERATION OF KR-1338/1668 8

1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 9

1.1 What is Radar? 9

1.2 How Ships Determined Position Before Radar 9

1.3 How Radar Determines Range 9

1.4 How Radar Determines Bearing 9

1.5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed 9

1.6 The Radar Display 10

2. BASIC OPERATION 11

2.1 Control Description 11

2.2 Display Indication and Markes 12

2.3Turning the Radar On and Off

2.4 Transmitting 13

2.5 Stand-by 13

2.6 Selecting the Range 14

2.7 Adjusting Picture Brilliance 14

2.8 Setup display color 15

2.9 Adjusting Receiver Sensitivity 16

2.10 Adjusting the A/C SEA Control (reducing sea clutter) 16

2.11 Apply the A/C RAIN (reducing rain clutter) 18

2.12 Erasing the Heading Line, North Mark 18

2.13 Measuring the Range 19

2.14 Measuring the Bearing 20

2.15 Using the Offset EBL 21

2.16 Shifting (off centering) the Pcture 23

2.17 Zoom 23

3. MENU OPERATION 25

3.1 Basic Menu Operation 25

3.2 Selecting the Presentation Mode 25

3.3 Magnifying Long Range Echoes (echo stretch) 26

3.4 Echo Trail 27

3.5 Suppressing Radar Interference 28

3.6 Selecting Pulsewidth 29

3.7 Guard Alarm 30

3.8 Watchman 32

3.9 Display Navigation Data 33

3.10 OTHER MENU Description 34

3.11 Function Keys

3.12 Suppressing Noise 36

3.13 Adjusting Brilliance of Markers 36

3.14 Outputting Target Position 36

4. FALSE ECHOES 37

4.1 Multiple Echoes 37

4.2 Side-lobe Echoes 37

4.3 Indirect ECHOES 38

4.4 Blind and Shadow Sectors 39

5. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING 40

5.1 Preventative Maintenance 41

5.2 Replacing the Fuse 41

5.3 Troubleshooting 41

5.4 Self Test 41

5.5 Life Expectancy of Magnetron 43

6. INSTALLATION 44

6.1 Antenna Unit Installation Sitting handling considerations 44

6.2 Display Unit Installation Mounting considerations 52

6.3 Exchange of Fuse for 24/32V Power Supply 54

6.4 Checking the Installation 54

6.5 Adjustments 54

MENU TREE 60

ARPA 61

KR-1338/1668 OUTSIDE DRAWING 71

KR-1338/1668 INTERCONNECTION 74

FOREWORD

Thank you for your choice of ONWA MODEL KR-1338/1668 Marine Radar. The radar is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine environment. However, no machine can perform its intended function unless properfly installed and maintained. Please carefully read and follow the recommended procedures for installation, operation and maintenance. While this unit can be installed by the purchaser, any purchaser who has doubts about his or her technical abilities may wish to have the unit installed by a ONWA representative or other qualified techician. The importance of a through installation can not be overemphasized. We would appreciate hearing form you, the end user, about whether user, about user, about whether we are achieving our purposes. Thank you for considering and purchasing ONWA equipment.

Features

Your radar has a large variety of functions, all contained in a remarkably small cabinet.

The main features of the MODEL KR-1338 are.

Traditional ONWA reliability and quality in a compact, lightweight and low-cost

radar.

Durable brushless antenna motor.

On-screen alphanumeric readout of all operational information.

Standard features include EBL (Electronic Bearing Line), VRM (Variable Range

Marker), Guard Alarm, Display Off Center, and Echo Trail.

Watchman feature periodically transmits the radar to check for radar targets

which may be entering the alarm zone.

Ship s position in latitude and longitude and range and bearing to waypoint, and ship's speed/ heading/course can be shown in the ottom text area.(Requires a navigation aid which can output such data in IEC 1162 format.)

Zoom feature provided.

KR-1338 SPECIFICATION

ANTENNA UNIT

1. Radiator : Slotted waveguide array

2. Radiator length : 55 cm

3. Horizontal beamwidth : 4

4. Vertical beamwidth : 25

5. Sidelobe : Within 20 off mainlobe; less than -18 dB Outside 20 off mainlobe; less than -23 dB

6. Polarization : Horizontal

7. Antenna rotation speed : 24 rpm( 2)

8. Wind resistance : Relative wing speed 100 knots(51.5 m/s)

TRANSCEIVER MODULE (contained in radome)

1. Transmitting tube : MSF1421B or MAF1421B

2. Frequency : 9410 MHz 30MHz

3. Peak output power : 4kW nominal

4. Pulselength & pulse repetition rate :

0.08 S, 2100 Hz (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5nm)

0.3 S, 1200 Hz (1.5, 2, 3nm)

0.8 S, 600 Hz (3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36nm)

5. Warm up time : 1:30 minutes

6. Modulator : FET switching method

7. I.F. : 60MHz

8. Tuning : Automatic or manual

9. Receiver front end : MIC (Microwave IC)

10. Bandwidth : Tx pulselength 0.3 S and 0.08 S : 25MHz Tx pulselength 0.8 S : 3MHz

11. Duplexer : Circulator with diode limiter

DISPLAY UNIT

1. Indication system : LCD digital display

2. Display : 10.4 LED backlight, 32-bit TFT Color LCD Display

3. Range scale (nm) : Range, Range interval and no. of Rings:

0.125(0.0625,2), 0.25(0.125,4), 0.75(0.25,3), 1(0.25,4), 1.5(0.5,3), 2(0.5,4), 3(1,3), 4(1,4), 6(2,3), 8(2,4), 12(3,4), 16(4,4), 24(6,4), 36(12,3)

4. Bearing resolution : 4

5. Bearing accuracy : Within 1

6. Range discrimination : Better than 30 m

7. Range ring accuracy : 0.9% or range in use or 8 m, whichever is larger

8. Minimum range : Better than 25 m

9. Markers : Heading line, Bearing scale, Range ring, VRM, EBL Tuning indicator, Cursor, Alarm zone, North mark (heading sensor input required)

10. Alphanumeric indication : Range, Range ring interval, Pulselength, Interference rejection (IR), VRM, EBL, Stand-by (ST-BY), Radar alarm, Echo stretch (ES), Range to cursor, Bearing to cursor, Echo trailing (TRAIL), Trail time, Trail elapsed time, Navigation data (navigation input required), heading (HDG, heading sensor input required)

11. Vibration : Vibration Total amplitude : 1 to 12.5 Hz 1.6mm

12.5 to 25 Hz 0.38mm 25 to 30 Hz 0.10mm

12. Temperature : Antenna unit; -25 to + 70 Display unit; -10 to + 50

13. Humidity : Relative humidity 93% or less at + 40

14. Power supply & power consumption : 12V, 24V or 32VDC (10.5V to 40 VDC) 60W

15. Compass safe distance :

Display unit 0.75m 0.6m

Standard Compass

Steering Compass

1.75m3.1mAntenna unit

KR-1668 SPECIFICATION

ANTENNA UNIT

1. Radiator : Slotted waveguide array

2. Radiator length : 120 cm

3. Horizontal beamwidth : 1.9

4. Vertical beamwidth : 22

5. Sidelobe : Within 20 off mainlobe; less than -24 dB Outside 20 off mainlobe; less than -30 dB

6. Polarization : Horizontal

7. Antenna rotation speed : 24 rpm

8. Wind resistance : Relative wing speed 100 knots(51.5 m/s)

TRANSCEIVER MODULE (contained in antenna)

1. Transmitting tube : MAF1421 or MSF1421

2. Peak output power : 4kW nominal

3. Pulselength & pulse repetition rate :

0.08 S, 2100 Hz (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5nm)

0.3 S, 1200 Hz (1.5, 2, 3nm)

0.8 S, 600 Hz (3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 64nm)

4. Bandwidth : Tx pulselength 0.3 S and 0.08 S : 25MHz Tx pulselength 0.8 S : 5 MHz

5. Other : See KR-1338

DISPLAY UNIT

1. Range scale (nm) : Range, Range interval and no. of Rings:

0.125(0.0625,2), 0.25(0.125,4), 0.75(0.25,3), 1(0.25,4), 1.5(0.5,3), 2(0.5,4), 3(1,3), 4(1,4), 6(2,3), 8(2,4), 12(3,4), 16(4,4), 24(6,4), 36(12,3), 48(12,4), 64(16,4)

2. Compass safe distance :

Standard Compass

Steering Compass

Display unit 0.75m 0.6m

0.74m1.0mAntenna unit

3. Power supply & power consumption : 12V, 24V or 32VDC (10.5V to 40VDC) 60W

INTERFACE IEC 1162(NMEA0183)

(Input)

Own ship`s position: GGA>RMA>RMC>GLL Speed: RMA>RMC>VIG>VHW Heading (True): HDT>HDG*>HDT*>VHW>VHW* Course (True): RMA>RMC>VTG Course (Magnetic): VTG>RMA*>RMC Waypoint (Range, Bearing): RMB>BWC>BWR Loran time difference: RMA>GLC>GTD Water depth: DPT>DBT Water temperature: MDA>MTW XTE: RMB>XTE>APB *: Calculated value based Magnetic variation.

(Output) TLL: On using TLL Key. RSD: An interval of four seconds. TTM: ARPA

ARPA FUNCTION( )Require Heading Data Input

1. Acquisition Instant selection of auto or manual acquisition in 0.2 ~ 16nm, relative speed 100KT.

2. Tracking Automatic tracking of up to 10 acquired targets betwen 0.1 to 16 nm.

3. Prediction of target motion True or relative vectors, time scaled.

4. Past position 10 past positions of tracked targets.

5. Alarm Lost target. CPA/TCPA

6. Automatic tracking range

0.1 ~ 16nm

7. Target information (one target selected) Distance and bearing from own ship to target Moving direction and speed CPA (estimated Closest Time to CPA)

8. Vector length 30 sec.~30 min.

9. Plotting interval 15 sec.~6 min.

CONFIGERATION OF KR-1338/1668

ANTENNA UNIT

Antenna cable KRC-003-10/15/20 10/15/20m

Display UNIT

1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

1.1 What is Radar?

The term "RADAR" is an acronym meaning "RAdio Detection And Ranging". Although the basic principles of radar were developed during World War II,

echoes as an aid to navigation is not a new development.

1.2 How Ships Determined Position Before Radar

Before the invention of radar, when running in fog near a rugged shoreline, ships would sound a short blast on their whistles, fire a shot, or strike a bell. The time between the origination of the sound and the returning of the echo indicated how far the ship was from the cliffs or the shore. The direction from which the echo was heard indicated the relative bearing of the shore.

1.3 How Radar Determines Range

Radar determines the distance to the target by calculating the time difference between the transmission of a radar signal and the reception of the reflected echo. It is a known fact that radar waves travel at a nearly constant speed of 162,000 nautical miles per second. Therefore the time required for a transmitted signal to travel to the target and return as an echo to the source is a measure of the distance to the target. Note that the echo makes a complete round trip, but only half the time of travel is needed to determine the one-way distance to the target. This radar automatically takes this into account it making the range

calculation.

1.4 How Radar Determines Bearing

The bearing to a target found by the radar is determined by the direction in which the radar scanner antenna is pointing when it emits an electronic pulse and then eceives a returning echo. Each time the scanner rotates pulses are transmitted in the full 360 degree circle, each pulse at a slightly differentbearing from the previous one. Therefore, if one knows the direction in whichthe signal is sent out, one knows the direction from which the echo must return.

1.5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed

Note that the speed of the radar waves out to the target and back again as echoes is extremely fast compared to the speed of totation of the antenna. By the time radar echoes have returned to the scanner, the amount of scanner rotation after initial transmitting of the radar pulse is extremely small.

1.6 The Radar Display

The range and bearing of a target is displayed on what is called a Plan Position Indicator (PPI). This display is essentially a polar diagram, with the transmitting ship's position at the center. Images of target echoes are received and displayed at their relative bearings, and at their distance from the PPI center. With a continuous display of the images of targets, the motion of the transmitting ship is also displayed.

Targets

Own ship (radar)

(A) Bird's eye view of situation (B) Radar picture of (A)

Own ship in center

Heading line

Figure 1-1 How radar works

Range and bearing of a target, relative to own ship, are readable on the PPI

2. BASIC OPERATION

2.1 Control Description

Brief press: Displays the data of target selected with the cursor Long press: Terminates plotting of the target selected with the cursor.

Opens/closes menus.

Selects EBL1/EBL2/VRM1/VRM2

Control: Adjusts sensitivity. Switch: Temporarily erases heading line (and north mark if displayed).

Control: Reduces sea clutter. Switch*: (Long press) Shifts your vessel`s position to cursor location. (Brief press) Doubles size of area between your vessel and location selected by cursor.

Control: Reduces rain clutter. Switch*: Displaces the EBL origin.

Lights when the economy mode is on.

Omnipad Shifts cursor, VRM and EBL; select items and options on menu.

(1) Acquires the target selected with the ominipad. (2) Registers selection on menus.

Sets guard zone area.

Sets radar range.

Enables/erases EBL1/EBL2/EBL3/EBL4.

Outputs target position data.

Automatically reduces sea and rain clutters.

Adjusts display brilliance.

Sets radar in stand-by; transmits radar pulse.

Turns power on/off.

*Default switch function.

Figure 2-1 Control panel

2.2 Display Indication and Markers

Echo trail elapsed time

Heading (requires heading data)

Range

Range ring interval

Pulselength

Display mode

Cursor

Guard zone

EBL1

VRM1

Heading line

.125NM

.0625

HDG

234.5

TRAIL

25:38

AUTO

30M

G OUT

ZOOM

OFFCENTER

Tuning indicator

Echo trail time

Guard zone

Zoom

Echo Stretch

Off center

EBL2

Range ring

VRM2

North mark

A/C AUTO

EBL1 bearing

EBL2 bearing

A/C

AUTO EBL

345.6

23.0

1.5 NM

13.5

0.06

0.142

Cursor bearing

Cursor range

Figure 2-2 Display indications

IR2

VRM

0.048NM

0.100NM

Interference rejector

VRM1 range

VRM2 range

2.3 Turning the Radar On/Off

Press the [POWER] key to turn the radar on or off. The control panel lights and a timer displays the time remaining for warm up of the magnetron (the device which produces radar pulses), counting down from 1:30 to 0:01.

2.4 Transmitting

After the power is turned on and the magnetron has warmed up, STAND-BY appears at the screen center. This means the radar is now fully operational. In stand-by the radar is available for use at anytime - but no radar waves are being transmitted. Press the [ST-BY/TX] key to transmit. When transmitting, any echoes from targets appear on the display. This radar displays echoes in eight tones of green according to echo strength.

2.5 Stand-by

When you won't be using the radar for an extended period, but you want to keep it in a state of readiness, place it in stand-by by pressing the [ST-BY/TX] key. The display shows "STAND-BY,"navigtion data, or goes into the economy mode depending on menu setting. (More on menu operation later.)

Economy mode

The CRT can be set to automatically turn itself off when in stand-by, to reduce power consumption. This feature is called the "economy mode." Power consumption in the economy mode is 28W. When economy mode is no, the lamp next to the [POWER] key lights.

Navigation data display during stand-by

If a navigation aid inputs navigation data to this radar, navigation data can be displayed during stand-by. You can turn the navigation data display on/off through the menu. Figure 2-3 shows a typical navigation data display during standby.

Note 1:Availability of a particular display item depends on incoming data. Note 2:When Range to Waypoint reaches 0.1nm, the WPT mark jumps to dead ahead even though a difference may exist between heading and BRG to WPT. Note 3:When cross track error exceeds 1 nm on either side, the XTE mark starts blinking.

Speed

Depth

To Waypoint bearing heading

Time-to-go to

TO Waypoint

Bearing TO Waypoint

Range to TO Waypoint

SPEED

DEPTH

Heading

L XTE

10.5

125

TRIP

TEMPERATURE

HDG

092.5

180.0 M

CRS

TTG

WPT BRG 45.0 M RNG 12.0NM

OWN SHIP

LAT 30 00. 00N

LON 135 00.00E

XTE

R 0.3NM

000.3nm

+17.3

01:08

ST-BY

Time-to-go to Stand-by

Trip distance since power on

Course

Ship s position in

latitude and longitude

Cross Track Error Mark

XTE R

direction and amount of error.

" " shows

1.0 1.0

0.5 0.5

Figure 2-3 Typical navigation data display during stand-by

2.6 Selecting the Range

The range selected automatically determines the range ring interval, the number of range rings, pulselecgth and pulse repetition rate, for optimal detection capability in short to long ranges. You can select which ranges and pulselength (for 1 mile range) to use through the menu. The range, range ring interval and pulselength appear at the botton left-hand corner of the display.

To select a range;

When navigating in or around crowded harbors, select a short range to watch for

possi ble collision situations.

If you select a lower range while on open water, increase the range occasionally

to watch for vessels that may be heading your way.

2.7 Adjusting Picture Brilliance

The [BRILL] key adjusts the brilliance of the radar picture in eight levels. Press the [BRILL] key to set the brilliance level. The current level momentarily appears on the screen.

2.8 Setup display color

In order to adapt to the different environments, the radar echo display the background color and echo color can be set by users themselves, there are five kinds of background colors and three kinds of echo colors available. Setting methods are as follows:

1.By menu

1) Press [MENU] key open main menu;

2) Select ''OTHER MENU'' and press [ACQ/ENTER] key;

3) Press [ ]or [ ] key select ''22.Color setting'' & press [ACQ/ENTER] key open the color setup menu;

Color setting

Background setting

Black/green

Black/red Blut/white

DK blue/white White/green

2.Echo Color Yellow Green

Press [MENU] key to escape

4) Press [ ] or [ ]key select ''Background Color'' or ''Echo Color'',use [ ] or [ ] select color desired and press [ACQ/ENTER] key ;

5) Press [MENU] key to close the menu.

2.Using the function key The function keys [ F1 ] function default setting for ''Background Color'' ,[F2] key default setting for ''Echo Color''. Directly on the keyboard you can press these two keys select the desired color setting.

2.9 Adjusting Receiver Sensitivity

The [GAIN] control adjusts the sensitivity of the receiver. It works in precisely the same manner as the volume control of a broadcast receiver, amplifying the signals received. The proper setting is such that the background noise is just visible on the screen. If you set up for too little sensitivity, weak echoes may be missed. On the other hand excessive sensitivity yields too much background noise; strong targets may be missed because of the poor contrast between desired echoes and the background noise on the display. To adjust receiver sensitivity, transmit on long range, and adjust the [GAIN] control so background noise is

just visible on the screen.

2.10 Adjusting the A/C SEA Control (reducing sea clutter)

Echoes from waves can be troublesome, covering the central part of the display with random signals known as "sea clutter." The higher the waves, and the higher the scanner above the water, the further the clutter will extend. Sea clutter appears on the display as many small echoes which might affect radar performance. (See the Figure 2-3.) When sea clutter masks the picture, adjust the A/C SEA control to

reduce the clutter.

How the A/C SEA control works

The [A/C SEA] control reduces the amplification of echoes at short ranges (where clutter is the greatest) and progressively increases amplification will be normal at

those ranges where there is no sea clutter.

Adjusting the A/C SEA control

The proper setting of the A/C SEA should be such that the clutter is broken up into small dots, and small targets become distinguishable. If the control is set Too low, targets will be hidden in the clutter, while if it is set too high, both sea clutter and targets will disappear from the display. In most cases adjust the conRol until clutter has disappeared to leeward, but a little is still visible windward.

1. Confirm that the sensitivity is properly adjusted, and then transmit on short range.

2. Adjust the [A/C SEA] control so small targets are distinguishable but some

clutter remains on the display.

Sea clutter at display center

A/C SEA control adjusted; sea clutter suppressed.

Figure 2-4 How to adjust the STC control

Tip for adjusting the A/C SEA

A common mistake is to over-adjust the circuit so all the clutter is removed. As an example set up for maximum STC. You will see how the center of the display becomes dark. This dark zone can be dangerous (targets may be missed), especially if the sensitivity is not properly adjusted. Always leave a little clutter visible on the display to be sure weak echoes will not be suppressed. If there is

no clutter visible on the display, turn off the circuit.

2.11 Apply the A/C RAIN (reducing rain clutter)

The vertical beamwidth of the antenna is designed to see surface targets even when the ship is rolling. However, by this design the unit will also detect rain clutter (rain, snow, hail, etc.) in the same manner as normal targets. Figure 2-4

Shows the appearance of rain clutter on the Display.

Adjusting A/C RAIN

When rain clutter masks echoes, adjust the [A/C RAIN] Control, This control splits up these unwanted echoes into a speckled pattem, making recognition of soild targets easier.

Appearance of rain clutter A/C RAIN control adjusted;

rain clutter suppressed.

Figure 2-5 Effect of A/C RAIN

Note: In addition to reducing clutter, the [A/C RAIN] control can be used in fine weather to clarify the picture when navigating in confined waters. However, with the circuit activated the receiver is less sensitive. Therefore, turn off the circuit when its function is not

required.

Automatic adjustments of A/C SEA and A/C RAIN

Push the [A/C Auto] key. "A/C Auto"appearstat the bottom left-hand corner of the display when the A/C AUTO circuit is on. You can fine tune by adjusting the [A/C SEA], [A/C RAIN] and [GAIN] controls.

2.12 Erasing the Heading Line, North Mark

The heading line or north mark (available with gyrocompass connection) may occasionally mask a target. To view the target, you can temporarily erase the heading line and north mark by pressing and holding down the [GAIN (HM OFF)] control. Release the control to re-display the marks.

Heading Line

North mark

Figure 2-6 Heading line and north mark

2.13 Measuring the Range

You can measure the range to a target three ways: by the range rings, by the cursor, and by the VRM (Variable Range Marker).

By range ring

Count the number of rings between the center of the display and the target. Check the range ring interval and judge the distance of the echo from the echo from the inner edge of the nearest ring.

By cursor

Operate the omnipad to place the cursor intersection on the inside edge of the garget echo, The range to the target, as well as the bearing, appears at the bottom right-hand corner of the display.

By VRM

1. Press the [EBL/VRM SELECT] key to circumscribe a VRM readout (at the bottom center).Each press of the key selects the readout of EBL1,EBL2,VRM1 or VRM2 in that order.

EBL

345.6 R

23.0 R

Figure 2-7 Display bottom, showing location of EBL and VRM readouts

2. Press the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key enable control of the VRM by the omnipad.

3. Operate the omnipad to place the outside edge of the VRM on the inside

VRM

5.3 NM

12.5 NM

edge of the target.

4. Check the VRM readout at the bottom right-hand corner of the display to find the range to the target.

5. To erase the VRM, press and hold down the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key .

To erase the VRM, press and hold down the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key about two seconds.

Range

Range ring

Interval

Target

Cursor

Cursor range 4.0 NM

6.0 NM

2.0

VRM

4.0 NM

3.0 NM

VRM1

VRM2

VRM1 Range

VRM2 Range

Figure 2-8 Measuring range by the cursor, range rings and VRM

Note: You can display the range readout of the VRM and cursor in nautical miles, statute miles or kilometers. For details see the next chapter

2.14 Measuring the Bearing

There are two ways to measure the bearing to a target: by the cursor, and by the EBL (Electronic Bearing Line).

By cursor

Operate the omnipad to bisect the target with the cursor intersection. The bearing to the target appears at the bottom of the display.

By EBL

1. Press the [ERL/VRM LECT] key to circumscribe an EBL readout (at the bottom left-hand corner). Eash press of the key selects the readout of EBL1, EBL2,VRM1 or VRM2 in that order.

2. Press the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key to enable control of the omnipad.

3. Operate the omnipad to bisect the target with the EBL.

4. Check the EBL readout at the bottom left-hand corner of the display to find the hearing to the target.

5. To anchor the EBL, press the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key. To erase the EBL and its readout; press and hold down the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key about two seconds.

Target

Cursor

EBL1

EBL2

Cursor Bearing

EBL1 bearing EBL1 bearing

EBL

40.0 R

135.0 R

40.0 R 4.0 NM

Figure 2-9 How to measure bearing by EBL and cursor

Note: The bearing readout for the EBL and the cursor can be display in relative or true bearing (true bearing requires heading sensor input) For north up and curse up display modes the bearing reference is always true. For details see the next chapter.

Tips for measuring bearing

Bearing measurements of smaller targets are more accurate; the center of larger target pips is not as easily identified.

Bearings of stationary or slower moving targets are more accurate than

Bearings of faster moving targets.

To minimize bearing errors keep echoes in the outer half of the picture by

changing the range scale; angular difference becomes difficult to resolve as

a target approaches the center of the display.

2.15 Using the Offset EBL

The offset EBL provides two functions: predict collision course of radar target and measure the range and the bearing between two targets. Predicting collision course

1. Press the omnipad to place the cursor on the center of the target.

2. Press the [EBL/VRM SELECT] key to choose EBL1 readout and then press the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key.

3. Select EBL OFFSET on the menu and press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

4. Press the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key.

5. Operate EBL1 so it passes through the center of the target. If the target tracks along the EBL towards the center of the display (you vessel's

Position), the target may be on a collision course. To cancel, select EBL OFFSET and press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

EBL1 origin (Initial position of target)

Target moved

Here.

6.0 NM

2.0

VRM1

Offset EBL (EBL1)

EBL1

bearing

EBL VRM1

70.0 R

6.0 NM

VRM1 range

Figure 2-10 Predicting collision course by

using the offset EBL

Measuring range and bearing between two targets

The procedure which follows shows how to measure the range and bearing between target

1. Press the omnipad to place EBL1 "A".

2. Press the [EBL/VRM SELECT] key to choose EBL1 readout and then press the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key.

3. Select EBL OFFSET on the menu and press the [ACQ/ENTER] key. EBL1

origin shifts to cursor.

4. Press the [EBL/VRM CONTROL] key.

5. Press the onmipad to bisect target

find the bearing between target "A" and target "B".

"A" and target "B" in Figure 2-11.

's origin (cursor) on the center of target

"B" with EBL1. Check the EBL1 readout to

6. Press the [EBL/VRM SELECT] key to choose VRM1 readout. Press the omnipad to place the outside edge of VRM1 on the inside edge of target "B". Check the VRM1 readout to find the range between target "A" and target "B".

7. To cancel, select EBL OFFSET on the menu and press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

EBL1

VRM1

VRM

EBL1

Bearing

70.0 R

4.5 NM

VRM1 Range

Figure 2-11 Measuring the range and bearing between two targets by using the offset EBL

2.16 Shifting (off centering) the Picture

Your vessel's position can be shifted up to 75% (not available on 48nm range) of the range in use to view the situation around your vessel without changing the range or size of targets.

1. Press the omnipad to set cursor where desired.

2. Press the [F1(A/C SEA)] control if its function is set for SHIFT (default setting), or select SHIFT on the menu. OFFCENTER appears at the top right corner of the display when the picture is shifted.

Cursor

Place cursor

Where desired

Cursor

Press [OFF CENTER]

key to off center display

Figure 2-12 Shifting the picture

Cancelling shifted picture

Press the [F1(A/C SEA)] control again.

2.17 Zoom

The zoom feature allows you to double the size of the area between your vessel and any location within the current range to take a closer look at an area of interst.

1.Select location with the cursor.

2.Press and hold down the [F1 (A/C SEA)] control about two seconds if its function is set for Zoom (default setting), or select ZOOM on the menu, Zoom appears at the top right corner when the ZOOM function is on .

Cursor

Place cursor

Where desired

Press [ZOOM]

key to zoom

Figure 2-13 Zoom Function

Note1: Zoom is cancelled when range or presentation mode is changed.

Cancelling Zoom

Press the [F1 (A/C SEA)] control again.

3. MENU OPERATION

3.1 Basic Menu Operation

The menu mostly contains less-often used functions which once preset do not require regular adjustment. To open or close the menu, press the [MENU] key. You can select items on the menu with the omnipad. The complete menu appears on page AP-1.

1. Press the [MENU] key to display the main menu.

Sel by omnipad & press ENT.

RINGS

MODE

Change brill from 3 to max.

EBL

OFFSET

DISP DATA

SHIFT

ECHO

TRAIL

ARPA

ZOOM

ECHO

STRTCH

OTHER MENU

Figure 3-1 Main menu

2. Press the omnipad to select the item. For example, select RINGS. A message appears at the bottom of the menu window.

3. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key to select setting, Each time this key is pressed, the message changes, For the RINGS menu, the message sequence is as shown below.

Change brill from Off to 1.

Change brill from 1 to 2.

Change brill from 2 to 3.

Change brill from 3 to max.

Change brill from max to Off.

Figure 3-2 Messages for RINGS menu

4. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

3.2 Selecting the presentation mode

This radar provides four presentation modes. Head-up, course-up, north-up and true motion.

1. Press the [MENU] key.

2. Operate the omnipad to select "MODE".

3. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key. With heading sensor connection the display and the display and the display mode indication at the top lefthand corner of the display change in the sequence of HU (heading up), CU (course up), NU (north up) and TM (true motion)when the [ACQ/ENTER] key is pressed. If there is no heading sensor connection, the display mode is always HU.

4. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu. Note: The radar begins operation with last selected display mode (except course up) whenever the unit is turned on. Note however that head up is selected when course up was the last used mode. Head up The picture is oriented so the heading line is at the top of the display. This mode is useful for navigation in congested waters. Course up The course up mode shows heading by the heading line, at the top of the

Ship's

display. To get heading desired, steer vessel in direction desired, and the show

CU at the top lefthand corner of the display.

North up North is at the top of the display and the heading line moves with This mode is useful for determining ship s position and as a navigation monitor on

Ship's

heading.

a nautical chart. The picture is stabilized against yaw of vessel, thereby reducing of target echoes. True motion True motion displays own ship and moving objects in their true motion.

3.3 Magnifying long range echoes (echo stretch)

Normally, the reflected echoes from long range target appear on the display as weaker and smaller blips even though they are compensated by the radar

circuitry. The echo stretch function magnifies these small blips in all ranges. Two types of echo stretch are available: ES1 which stretches echoes in bearing direction

's internal

and ES2 which stretches them in both range and bearing directions. To turn the echo stretch on or off;

1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.

2. Select ES .

3.Each press the [ACQ/ENTER] key changes the echo stretch function in the sequence of ES1,ES2 and OFF. ES1 or ES2 appears at the top right-hand corner of the display when echo stretch is on.

Bearing direction

Range direction

Echo stretch 1

Echo stretch 2

Figure 3-3 Echo stretch

Note: This function magnifies not only targets but also sea clutter and radar interference. For this reason be sure the controls for adjustment of sea clutter and radar interference are properly adjusted before activating the echo stretch. Note: ES1 is not available on Short Range.

3.4 Echo Trail

You can show the movement of all radar targets relative to your vessel in afterglow vessel in afterglow. This function is useful for alerting you to possible collision situations.

Starting echo trail

1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.

2. Select "ECHO TRAIL"by the omnipad.

3. Select "ACTIVATE"by pressing the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

Figure 3-4 How the echo trail feature work

TRAIL, the echo trail time selected (on "OTHER MENU") and elapsed time appear at the top right-hand corner of the display. Then, afterglow starts extending from all target. Note: Trails are restarted when range or mode is changed or zoom or shift is turned on.

Fixed time trail

1. When the elapsed time clock counts up to the trail time selected, the elapsed time display freezes.

2. The oldest portions of trails are erased so only the latest trail, equal in length to the trail time selected, is shown.

3. Trail continues. For example, the one minute trail time is selected. When the elapsed time clock counts up to 60 seconds, the elapsed time clock counts up to 60 seconds, the elapsed time display freezes at "60,"but the latest one minute of trail are erased and then trail continuous.

Continuous trail

The maximum continuous trail time is 99 minutes and 59 seconds. When the elapsed time clock counts up to that time the elapsed time display is reset to zero and trail begins again. Display is reset to zero and trail begins again.

Cancelling echo trail

Select"OFF(deactivate)"at "ECHO TRAIL"on the menu.

Changing trail attributes

Trail gradation and trail time can be selected on the OTHERS menu.

Item In OTHERS menu

Trail Tone

Trail Time

Trails can be shown in

single or multiple

gradations. Multiple paints

trails getting thinner with

time just like the afterglow

on an analog PPI radar.

Trail time can be set for 15 s ,.

30 s ., 1 min., 3 min., 6min.,

15min., 30 min.,

Description

Single Multiple

continuous.

Table 3-5 Trailing attributes

3.5 Suppressing Radar Interference

Radar interference may occur when near another shipborne radar operating in the same frequency hand as you radar. Its on-sereen appearance is many bright dots either scattered at random or in the form of dotted lines extending from the center to the edge of the display. Figure 3-6 illustrates interference in the from of curved spokes. Interference effects are distinguishable from normal echoes because they do not appear in the same place on successive rotations of the antenna.

Figure 3-6 Radar interference

Four levels of interference are available, including off; IR1,IR2,IR3 and OFF,IR3 provides the highest level of rejection.

1. Press the [MENU] key.

2. Select "OTHER MENU"and press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

3. Select "6. Int Reject".

4. Select level desired by operation the omnipad.

5. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

[ OTHERS ] select item by omnipad and press ENTER key.

1. Panel Dimmer 1 2 3 4

2. Mark brill 1

3. HD Mark

4. Characters

5. Trail Tone MultiSingle

6. Int Reject Off 2 31

7. Pulselength Short Long

8. Noise Reject OnOff

9. Traim Time 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M

10. Tune Manu Auto

11. Disp Data Nav ARP AllOff

12. WPT Mark OnOff

13. EBL Ref TureRet

14. VRM Unit km smnm

15. Watchman 5M 10M 20MOff

16. STBY Disp Econo NavNorm

17. Guard Mode OutIn

18. Cursor Posi L/LR/B

19. Alm sense LV Mid HigLow

20. Dead Sector OnOff

21. Range 1 1/8 1/ 1/ 3/ 15 2 4 8 16 3 5 12 24 36

22. Color setting

23. Self Test

24. Installation Setup

2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

15S

4 2 4

4 4

Con

Figure 3-7 OTHER MENU

3.6 Selecting Pulsewidth

Pulsewidth is the transmission time of a Single radar pulse. The longer the pulsewidth the greater the direction range capability, however range accuracy and range resolution are reduced.

3.7 Guard Alarm

The guard alarm allows the operator to set the desired range and bearing for a guard zone. When ships, islands, landmasses, etc. Violate the guard zone an audible alarm sounds and the offending target brinks to call the operator

's attention.

Selection of guard zone type

The guard alarm can be set to sound when a target either enters or exits the guard zone. You can select which type of guard alarm you want through the menu.

In alarm

The alarm sounds on targets entering the guard zone. G(IN) appears at the top right-hand corner when the In alarm is selected.

Out alarm

The alarm sounds on targets exiting the guard zone. G(OUT) appears at the top right-hand corner when the Out alarm is selected.

Dashed line

no alarm

Guard

IN ALARM

OUT ALARM

Figure 3-8 In and Out alarm

Setting a guard zone

Preparation

1. Press the [MENU] key, and the select "OTHER MENU"and pressing the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

2. Select "17. Guard Mode"and "In"(alarm on target entering zone) or "Out" (alarm on target exiting zone) by operating the omnipad.

3. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

4. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

To set a guard zone

1. Mentally create the guard zone you want to set.

2. Operate the onipad to set the cursor on point A or B. Press the [GUARD] key. "*G(IN)", with asterisk blinking, appears at the top right-hand corner of the display. See Figure 3-9 (2).(The asterisk indicates the guard zone is partially set.)

3. Operate the omnipad to set the cursor on point C or D. See Figure 3-9 (3).

4. Press the [GUARD] key. The asterisk disappears. See Figure 3-9 (4).

Asterisk blinking

Guard zone to set

Drag cursor here.

1 Mentally create the

guard zone to set.

Guard zone

Guard zone completed.

and press [GUARD].

Drag cursor to top left corner of

zone and press [GUARD].

Drag cursor to bottom right corner of zone

Figure 3-9 How to set the guard zone

Silencing the audible alarm

Any radar targets violating the guard zone will trigger the audible alarm. You can silence the audible alarm by pressing the [GUARD] key. When this is done, "G(ACKN)"replaces"G IN "This means the alarm is acknowledgrd. Press the key again to reactivate the alarm. Cancelling the guard zone and guard alarm Press and hold down the [GUARD] key until the guard zone disappears.

Notes on the guard alarm

The alarm is useful anti-collision aid, but does not relieve the operator of the

responsibility to also keep a visual lookout for possible collision situations.

When the radar range is less than one half of the guard zone range, the guard zone disappears and "G(IN)"or "G OUT "appears in inverse video. If this happens, raise to re-display the guard zone.

A target echo does not always mean a landmass, reef ,ships or surface objects but can imply returns from sea surface or precipitation. As the level of these returns varies with environment, the operator should properly adjust the A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and GAIN to be sure the alarm system does not overlook target echoes.

3.8 Watchman

The watchman function periodically transmits the radar for minute to check for targets in a guard zone. If it finds change in the zone from the previous transmission it sounds the radar continuously. This feature is useful when you do not need the radar's function continuously but want to be alerted to radar targets in a speci-

fic area.

TX St-by TX St-by

1min

Watchman starts.

5 10 or 20 min

1 min

5,10 or 20 min

Figure 3-10 How watchman works

How watchman works

When the time selected for the watchman restperiod has elapsed, the radar automatically transmits for one minute to check the condition inside the guard zone. If there is no change, the radar goes into stand-by ("WHTCHMAN"appears during stand-ny.) If there is change, the radar sounds the audible alarm, cancels the watchman function and transmits continuously. Turning on watchman

1. Create a guard zone (usually 360 degrees) with the guard alarm function.

2. Press the [MENU] key.

3. Select "OTHER MENU".

4. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

5. Select "15.Watchman".

6. Press the omnipad to select watchman rest period; 5 minutes, 10 minutes or 20 minutes. "WATCHMAN"appears at the top of the screen, the radar transmits for one minute to check for targets inside the guard zone. And the the CRT shuts off and the radar goes into stand-by.

Cancelling watchman

Go into the "OTHERS"menu, and set"15.Watchman"for off. Note 1: Watchman can be used without a guard zone. Note 2: The alarm sounds just before the radar starts and stops transmitting.

3.9 Displaying Navigation Data

Navigation data can be displayed at the screen bottom if this radar receives navigation input in IEC 1162 format. Navigation data include.

position in latitude and longitude or Loran-C time difference

range, bearing and time-to-go to both waypoint selected on the navigator and the cursor.

speed.

(If the navigation input includes destination data, waypoint position is denoted on the radar display by a dashed ring.) To turn navigation data on or off;

1. Press the [MENU] key.

2. Select the "DISP DATA".

3. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

4. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key to select the message for Navigation display.

5. Prss the [ACQ/ENTER] key to set.

6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

125NM

0625

A/C

AUTO

EBL

345.6

23.0

OWN SHIP

56.12N

34.56E

135 SPD 35.OKT

HDG

1.5 NM

13.5

+ CURSOR

34 29.38N

136 35.77E

TTG 01:00

234.5

0.06

0.142NM

TRAIL

25:38

30M

WAYPOINT

0.09 NM

50.0 M

TTG 00:20

AUTO

G(OUT)

ZOOM

ES1

VRM

0.048NM

0.100NM

Waypoint Mark

Navigation Data

Figure 3-11 Typical navigation data display

3.10 OTHER MENU Description

Table 3-2 OTHER MENU Description

1.Panel Dimmer Select level of panel backlight.

2.Mark Brill Select brilliance of VRM, EBL, cursor, guard zone and WP marks.

3. HD Mark Select brilliance of heading mark.

Characters Select brilliance of characters.

. Trail Tone Select brillance of echo trails. . Int Reject Select level of interference rejection. . Pulselength Select pulselength for 1.5 and 3 mile ranges.

8"".Nosie Reject Select On to reject nosie.

. Trail Time Select the trail time.

.Tune Select automatic or manual tuning.

10 To tune manually; .Select"Menu"by the omnipad. .Press the [ENTER] key to enable manual tuning. .While pressing and holding down the [GAIN] control operate the omnipad. .Press the [ENTER] key. "MANUAL"appears at the top right-hand corner when manual tuning is in effect.

1 2 3

. Disp Data

Select the down sourse to display.

12 " ".WPT Mark Select On to display the waypoint mark.

. EBL Ref Select EBL reference for relative or true.

14 " ".VRM Unit Select On to display the waypoint mark.

15.Watchman Turn watchman on (set rest period) or off.

16 " ".STBY Disp Select the display on stand-by; display STBY or navigation data, or go into the economy mode.

17.Guard Mode Select condition which triggers guard alarm; in or out. 18 Display the cursor position in range/bearing or

.Cursor Posi

at/long.

19.Alm sense LV Select minimau echo strength which triggers guard alarm.

20 " ".Dead Sector Select On to display the dead sector.

.Range Select ranges in use.

.Color setting Set background color & Echo color

23.Self Test Test keys, ROM and RAM, check antenna rotation speed, and display program number

.Installation Setup Go to the installation setup menu.

3.11 Function Keys

The function keys(F1 and F2) work like the auto-dialing feature of a telephone, automatically executing the function assigned to them. The function can be turned off by pressing appropriate function key again.

Default settings

F1: Background Color F2: Echo Color

How to register menu items

1. Press the [MENU] key.

2. Press [A/C SEA] (F1) or [A/C RAIN] (F2) to open the function menu.

3. Select function desired.

4. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

SHIFT/ ZOOM

RINGS

INT/ REJECT

TRAIL

ON/OFF

GUARD IN/OUT

PANEL

DIMMER

EBL

REF

OWN

POSITN

[SETTING FOR F1 KNOB]

Sel by omnipad & press ENT.

EBL

OFFSET

MODE

NOISE

REJECT

TRAIL

TIME

ALARM LEVEL

MARK

BRILL

VRM UNIT

CUSOR POSITN

SHIFT

DISP DATA

PULSE

LENGTH

TRAIL TONE

DEAD

SECTOR

CHARA CTERS

NAV

TALKER

VECTOR

LENGTH

ZOOM

STBY

DISP

ECHO

STRTCH

TUNE

A/M

WATCH

MAN

OTHER

WPT

MARK

VECTOR

REF

HIS TORY

COLLI

SION

AUTO

ACQ

B/GR

COLOR

Figure 3-12 Function menu

Note: In function 2 setup menu ,the item is ECHO COLOR""

3.12 Suppressing Noise

Electrical noise can be suppressed by turning on "8.NOISE REJ"on the OTHERS menu.

3.13 Adjusting Brilliance of Markers

"2. Mark brill"on the OTHER menu adjusts the brilliance of markers such as

the cursor.

3.14 Outputting Target Position

Target position data can be output to the navaid in IEC 1162 format. Press and hold down the [TLL] key to output the data. This function requires position data and heading signal.

4. FALSE ECHOES

Occasionally false echoes appear on the screen at positions where there is no target. In some cases the effects can be reduced or eliminated. The operator should familiarize himself or herself with the appearance and effects of these false echoes, so as not to confuse them with echoes from legitimate contacts.

4.1 Multiple Echoes

Multiple echoes occur when a short range, strong echo is received from a ship, bridge, or breakwater. A second, a third or more echoes may be observed on the display at double, triple or other multiples of the actual range of the target as shown in Figure 4-1. Multiple reflection echoes can be reduced and often removed by decreasing the sensitivity or properly adjusting the A/C SEA.

True Echo

Own ship

Multiple echo

Figure 4-1 Multiple echoes

4.2 Side-lobe Echoes

Every time the antenna rotates, some radiation escapes on each side of the beamcalled "side-lobes." If a target exists where it can be detected by the side-lobes as well as the main-lobe, the side-lobe echoes may be represented on both sides of the true echo at the same range, as shown in Figure 4-2. Side-lobes show usually only at short ranges and from strong targets. They can be reduced through careful reduction of the sensitivity or proper adjustment of the A/C SEA.

Main-lobe

Antenna

4.3 Indirect Echoes

True echo

Side-lobe

Sprious target

Figure 4-2 Side-lobe echoes

Indirect path

Direct

path

Antenna

Target

Own ship

Bridge

Indirect path

Obstruction

(mast,funnel etc.).

Direct

path

True

echo

Target

Heading

Iine

Indirect

echo

Heading Iine

True

echo

Indirect

echo

Figure 4-3 Indirect echoes

Indirect echo

Indirect echoes may be returned from either a passing ship or returned from a reflecting surface on your own ship, for example, a stack. In both cases, the echo will return from a legitimate contact to the antenna by the same indirect path. The echo will appear on the same bearing of the reflected surface, but at the same range as the direct echo. Figure 4-3 illustrates the effect of an indirect echo. Indirect echoes may be recognized as follows :

they usually occur in a shadow sector they appear on the bearing of the obstruction but at the range of the

legitimate contact

when plotted, their movements are usually abnormal, and their shapes may indicate they are not direct echoes.

4.4 Blind and Shadow Sectors

Funnels, stacks, masts, or derricks in the path of antenna may reduce the intensity of the radar beam. If the angle subtended at the antenna is more than a few degrees a blind sector may be produced. Within the blind sector small targets at close range may not be detected while larger targets at much greater ranges may be detected. See Figure 4-4.

Vessel taller than wharf

Wharf

Blind sector (no echo)

Mast, etc. In path of radar beam

Size of blind sector depends on target size and range.

Figure 4-4 Blind and shadow sectors

5. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING

This chapter tells you how to keep your radar in good working order. Before reviewing this chapter please read the safety information which follows.

DANGER

Turn off the power before performing any maintenance or troubleshooting procedure.

Hazardous voltages can shock, burn or cause death. Only qualified personnel totally famillier with electrical circuits should work inside the units.

RF RADIATION HAZARD

The radar antenna emits high frequency radio radiation which can be harmful, particularly to your eyes. Never look directly into the antenna from a distance of less than two feet when the radar is in operation as you could injure the cornea of your eyes. Always make sure the radar is set to stand-by or is turned off before starting work on the antenna unit.

Period Item Check point Remarks

3 to 6 months

Exposed nuts and bolts on antenna unit

Radome cover (KR-1338)

Check for corroded or loosened nuts and bolts. If necessary, clean and repaint them thickly. Replace them if heavily corroded.

Check for wear. Permanent damage to the antenna's internal circuitry will result if water leaks into the

radome.

Sealing compound may be used instead of paint. Apply a small amount of grease between nuts and bolts for easy removal in future.

If a crack is found it should be temporarily repaired by using a samll amount of sealing compound or adhesive. You should then contact your dealer for service.

6 months to 1 year

Display unit connectors

Check for tight connection and corrosion.

If corroded, contact your dealer for replacement.

Table 5-1 Recommended maintenance program

5.1 Preventative Maintenance

Regular maintenance is important for good performance. Always keep the equipment as free as possible from dirt, dust, and water splashes. Make sure all screws securing the components are properly tightened. A maintenance program should be established and should at least include the items listed in table 5-1.

5.2 Replacing the Fuse

The fuse in the power cable protects the equipment against reverse polarity or ship's mains, over current, and equipment fault. If the fuse blows, find the cause before replacing it. Never use an incorrect fuse - serious damage to equipment may result and void the warranty. 12 V : 10 A fuse 24/32 V : 5 A fuse

5.3 Troubleshooting

Table 5-2 contains simple troubleshooting procedures which you can follow to try to restore normal operation. If you cannot restore normal operation, do not attempt to check inside any unit of the radar system. Any repair work is best left to a qualified technician.

5.4 Self Test

The self test facility checks the keyboard, ROM and RAM for proper operation.

1. Press the [MENU] key.

2. Select "OTHER MENU".

3. Select "23. Self Test"and press the [ACQ/ENTER] key. The following display appears.

[Self Test]

Key test: Press each key and check on-screen indication Lights.

ARPA TEST RAM OK SPEED OK COURSE OK NAV 0.0KT TRIGGER NG VIDEO NG BP OK HP OK MIN-HIT 0003 SCAN-TIME 0854 MAN-ACQ 00 AUTO-ACQ 00 FE-DATA1 0000 FE-DATA2 0000

Program NO: ROM :OK RAM :OK Hours in use:000006.9H Tx hours :0000001.1H

Figure 5-1 Self test screen

If... But... Then...

you pressed the [POWER] key to turn on the radar

the radar has warmed up and you pressed the [ST-BY/TX] key to transmit

the control panel does not light

nothing appears on the display or display contrast is poor

characters are distorted

the antenna does not rotate

Characters and indications are abnormal

try adjusting the control panel

backlighting on the OTHERS menu.

battery may have discharged. check fuse in power cable.

try adjusting the brilliance.

request service.

the problem may be in antenna unit.

Request service.

have a qualified technician check the

set.

you have adjusted the gain with A/C RAIN and A/C SEA off

neither noise nor targets appear (indications and markers do)

neither indications nor markers appear (noise and targets do)

the sweep (radial line sweeping around the display) is not synchronized with antenna rotation

there is no change in sensitivity

check signal cable for damage.

have a qualified technician check the

set.

the problem may be in the antenna

unit. Request service.

request service.

a key is pressed nothing happens

Table 5-2 Troubleshooting table

key may be faulty. Request service.

4. The ROM and RAM are automatically checked. If NG (No Good) appears to the right of ROM or RAM indication, contact your dealer for advice. ARP-10 TEST results appear only when optional ARP-10 board is mounted.

5. To check the keyboard, press any key except the omnipad, ACQ and power keys except the omnipad, ACQ and power keys. Its corresponding location on the display lights in black if the key is operating properly.

6. Press the [ACQ] key to check the display circuit. The following pattern should appear.

Figure 5-2 Test pattern

7. Press the [MENU] key to back to the selftest menu.

8. To escape from the test. Press the [MENU] key.

5.5 Life Expectancy of Magnetron

The following table shows the life expectancy of the magnetron.

Model

KR-1338

KR-1668

Type

MSF1421B MAF1421B MAF1421B

Code no.

V801

Table 5-3 Life expectancy of magnetron

Life expectancy

2 000 - 3,000 hours (Including stand-by)

6. INSTALLATION

This chapter provides the procedures necessary for installation. Installation mainly consists of the following:

sitting and mounting the display unit and antenna unit connection of the signal cable and the power cable establishing the ground checking the installation, and adjustments.

6.1 Antenna Unit Installation Sitting, handling considerations

The antenna unit is generally installed either on top of the wheelhouse or on the radar mast on a suitable platform. Locate the antenna unit where there is a good all-round view rigging intercepting the scanning beam. Any obstruction will cause shadow and blind sectors. A mast for instance, with a diameter considerably less than the width of the radiator, will cause only a small blind sector, but a horizontal spreader or crosstrees in the same horizontal plane as the antenna unit would be a much more serious obstruction; you would need to place the antenna unit well above or below it. It is rarely possible to place the antenna unit where a completely clear view in all direction is available. Thus, you should determine the angular width and relative bearing of any shadow sectors for their influence on the radar at the first opportunity after fitting. (The method of determining blind and shadow sectors appears later in this chapter.) If you have a radio direction finder on your boat, local its antenna clear of the antenna unit, to prevent interference to the direction finder. A separation of more than two meters is recommended. To lessen the chance of picking up electrical interference, avoid where possible routing the signal cable near other onboard electrical equipment Also avoid running the cable in parallel with power cables. The compass safe distance should be observed to prevent deviation of the magnetic compass.

Model Standard compass Steering compass

KR-1338

0.9m 0.7m

Do not paint the radome (Model KR-1338) or to ensure proper emission of the radar waves.

When this radar is to be installed on larger vessels, consider the following

points: (1) The signal cable run between the antenna and the display comes in lengths of 10 m, 15 m, 20 m and 30 m. Whatever length is used it must be

unbroken; namely, no splicing allowed.

(2) Deposits and fumes from a funnel or other exhaust vent can adversely affect the aerial performance and hot gases may distort the radiator portion. The antenna unit must not be mounted where the temperature is more than 70 .

Mounting (KR-1338)

Figure 6-1 Typical antenna unit location

Unpacking the antenna unit

1. Open the antenna unit packing box carefully.

2. Unbolt the four bolts at the base of the radome to remove the radome cover.

Radome cover

ONWA

Figure 6-2 Antenna unit

Mounting platform Holes for antenna unit:

The mounting surface must be parallel with the waterline and provided with four holes whose dimensions are shown in the outline drawing attached at the end of this manual. The unit is adjusted so a target echo returned from the bow direction will be shown on the zero degree (heading line) position on the screen. When drilling holes, be sure they are parallel with the fore and aft line.

3. Prepare a platform of 5 to 10 millimeters in thickness for the antenna unit.

Find the cable entry on the radome base. Next, position the radome base so

the cable entry faces the stern direction. This alignment must be as accurate

as possible. Fasten the radome base to the mounting platform with four each

of M10 x 30 hex bolts, flat washers and spring washers.

SHIP'S BOW

CABLE ENTRY

FLAT WASHER

SPRING WASHER

HEX BOLT

Effective thread length

4- 12 HOLES

PLATFORM

Antenna base plate

Packing

Radome

5 -10 mm

Flat washer

Spring washer

Apply silicone sealant

Hex bolt

Platform

Figure 6-3 How to fasten the radome base to the mounting platform

Wiring and final preparation

Drill a hole of at least 20 millimeters diameter through the deck or bulkhead

to run the signal cable between the antenna unit and display unit. (To prevent electrical interference avoid running the signal cable near other electrical equipment and in parallel with power cables.) Pass the cable through the hole. Then, seal the hole with sealing compound for waterproofing

Remove the shield cover in the radome.

Remove the cable clamping plate by unfastening four screws and removing

a gasket.

Pass the cable through the hole at the bottom of the radome base.

Secure the cable with the cable clamping plate and gasket. Ground the shield

and vinyl wire by one of the screws of the cable clamping plate and one of the screws of the IF amplifier chassis, respectively.

Connect the wire to the RF unit.

(1) 9-pin connector to J801

( ) 4-pin connector to J802 (3) 13-pin connector to J611

J802

J611

Motor

If0711

J801

Figure 6-4 Location of J801/J802/J611

Fix the shield cover. Do not pinch the cable.

11.

Loosely fasten the radome fixing bolts. You will tighten them after

12.

confirming magnetron heater voltage.

Mounting(KR-1668)

Figure 6-5 Typical antenna unit mounting locations

1. Drill four fixing bolt holes (13 millimeters dia.), One cable entry hole (approx. 50 millimeters dia.) In the mounting platform. See the outline drawing.

2.Detach the antenna housing cover from the antenna housing by loosening four fixing blots. The antenna housing cover fitted with the transceiver module can be stored in a convenient place until the wiring to the antenna unit is done.

3. Place the antenna bousing on the mounting platform and orient it as shown in Figure 6-6.

SHip`s bow

Figure 6-6 How to orient the antenna unit

4. Insert four M12 60 hex head bolts with the seal washers from inside the antenna housing, to prevent the bolts from contacting the transceiver module. Install the seal washer with the larger diameter next to the head of the bolt. Coat flat and spring washers and nuts and then use them to fasten the antenna housing to the mounting platform. Finally, coat exposed parts of nuts, bolts and flat and spring washers as shown in Figure 6-7.

Note: Tighten the bolts by their nuts to prevent damage to the seal washer. Do not turn the bolts to secure the antenna housing.

Figure 6-7 How to mount the antenna housing

Connections

Only the signal cable runs from the display unit to the antenna unit. Make the hole for passing the cable through the bulkhead or deck at least 20 millimeters diameter. In order to minimize the chance of picking up electrical interference, avoid where possible routing the signal cable near other onboard electrical equipment. Also, avoid running the cable in parallel with power cables. Pass the cable through the hole and apply sealing compound around the hole for waterproofing. The procedure for connecting the signal cable to the antenna unit is as following.

1. Through a pipe or waterproof cable grand fitted on the wheelhouse top or bulkhead.

2. Unfasten four screws at bottom of the scanner base to remove the cable gland assembly.

3. Pass the signal cable through the antenna base and the cable gland assembly (removed in step 2.)

Figure 6-8 Passing the signal cable through the antenna housing

4. Fasten the cable gland assembly.

5. Connect the lead wires to CON-0906 in the antenna housing by referring to the Interconnection Diagram. Fasten the ground washer at the bottom of the antenna housing as shown in Figure 6-9.

CON-0906

Figure 6-9 Connection in the antenna housing

Final preparation

1. Place the antenna housing cover on the housing, Loosely fasten the four fixing bolts on the cover.

Figure 6-10 Fastening the antenna housing cover

2. Apply grease to the two slot pins. Using a wooden hammer to prevent damage to paint, insert slotted pins into the pinning holes until the pin head is flush with the scanner housing surface.

Figure 6-11 How to insert slot pins

3. Now is the time to fix the radiator to the radiator bracket. Apply anticorrosive sealant (silicone sealant) to hatched areas, to prevent corrosion. See the figure below. Apply silicone sealant into threaded holes on the scanner radiator. Remove the cap on the radiator bracket and orient the radiator bracket as shown in Figure 6-12. Apply grease to the O-ring and set it to the center of the radiator bracket. Coat the radiator fixing bolts with silicone sealant. Fasten the radiator to the radiator bracket with the ONWA logo on the radiator facing ship`s bow.

RA12

Figure 6-12 Fastening the radiator to the radiator bracket

4. Open the antenna housing cover and fix the stay as shown in Figure 6-13.

5. One end of the cable with 15-, 9- and 7-way plugs has already been connected to CON-0906 inside the scanner housing. Mate the 15- and 9-way plugs with jacks J812 and J811 on the transceiver module, respectively. Connect the 7-way plug to jack J801 on the MOD Board. Secure the cable between CON-0906 and J801 with the cable tie as shown in Figure 6-13.

Figure 6-13 Antenna unit, cover opened

6. Fasten the ground wire (black) of the signal cable to the chassis as shown in Figure 6-13.

7. Loosely fasten the antenna housing cover. You will tighten the fixing bolts after confirming magnetron heater voltage.

6.2 Display Unit Installation Mounting considerations

When selecting a mounting location for the display unit keep in mind the following points.

Even though the display unit is waterproof, it is recommended that the display unit must be mounted inside an enchosed cabinet. Provide adequate space behind and around the unit to permit circulation of air and to provide convenient access to the rear connectors. Even though the picture is quite legible even in bright sunlight, keep the display unit out of direct sunlight or at least shaded because of heat that can build up inside the cabinet. Locate the display unit in a position where you can view and operate it conveniently but where there is no danger of salt or fresh water spray or

immersion. The orientation of the display unit should be so the radar screen is viewed while the operator is facing in the direction of the bow. This makes determination of your position much easier. Make sure you allow enough clearance both to get to the connectors behind the unit and to allow you to get your hands in on both sides to loosen or tighten the mounting knobs. Make sure you leave at least a foot or so of "service loop" of cables behind the unit so it can be pulled forward for servicing or easy removal of the connectors. The compass safe distance of 0.8 meters (standard compass) and 0.6 meters (steering compass) should be observed to prevent deviation of the magnetic compass.

Mounting

The display unit is designed to be mounted on a tabletop or bulkhead.

Using the hangar as a template, mark screw locations in the mounting location.

Fix the hanger to the mounting location with four M6 tapping screws(supplied).

Fit the knob bolts to the display unit. Install the display unit in the hunger.

Tighten the knob bolts securely.

Connections

Connect the power cable to the power cable connector on the rear of the

1. display unit. Connect the signal cable to connector on the rear of the display unit.

2. Run a ground wire (local supply) between the ground terminal on the rear

3. of the display unit and the ship's superstructure.

Navigation aid, video sounder connection If your navigation aid can output data in IEC1162(NMEA 0183) data format, your vessel's position in latitude and longitude, the range and bearing to waypoint, spe-

ed and course may be input to this radar, and be seen on the screen.

Further if your video sounder can output depth in IEC 1162(NMEA 0183) data format, depth can be displayed on the radar screen. NMEA-1 connector:

1)+3.3V 2)NMEA Input 1 3)NMEA Output 1 4)GND 5)GND 6)SPARE NMEA-2 connector:

1)+3.3V 2)NMEA Input 2 3)NMEA Output 2 4)GND

5)NMEA Input 3 6)NMEA Output 3 7)GND 8)GND

4. Upgrade interface for radar software upgrades.

Option

Power

GND

Fuse Holder

Upgrade

NMEA-1 Connector

CAUTION

Replace the fuses to 5 A for 24/32 VDC set.

GND

NMEA-2 Connector

CAUTION

Ground the equipment. Ungrounded equipment can give off or receive electro-magnetic interference or give electrical shock.

Figure 6-14 Connections on the display unit

6.3 Exchange of Fuse for 24/32V Power Supply

The power cable comes with a 10A fuse in the fuse holder. This fuse is for use with a 12V DC power supply. For 24V/32V DC power supply, replace the fuse with the 5A fuse (supplied) to fuse holder.

6.4 Checking the Installation

After completing the installation, it is a good idea to recheck it to be sure all steps were correctly done. Use the table 6-1 to check the installation.

Tick box (Table 6-1)

The signal cable is securely retained against the mast or mounting platform and is free of interference from running rigging.

The cable gland or entry on the deck, if provided, is waterproofed. The power connections to the battery are of correct polarity. The plugs at the rear of the display unit are tightly fastened. The fuse in the power cable is 10A (12V) or 5A (24V/32V DC).

6.5 Adjustments

This section covers adjustment of the radar after installation. You will need to

adjust tune/video amplifier level input enter antenna height adjust tuning level adjust sweep timing adjust main bang suppression setting a blanking area, and confirm magnetron heater voltage.

These adjustment are done through the radar install menus.

Preparation

1. Turn off the radar. While pressing and holding down the [GAIN] control(at least three seconds), press the [POWER] key.

2. Press the [MENU] key, and select "OTHERS" by using the omnipad, and pressing [ACQ/ENTER] key.

3. Select "24. Installation setup".

4. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key to open the installation setup menu.

1 All

2. Depth Unit fa ft

3. Temp Unit F

4. Hdg Sensor Gyro

5. Key Beep Off

6. Ant on Tx Stop

7. Dead Sector 180

8. Tuned/Video Auto Adjustment

9. Heading Alignment

10. Sweep Timing Adjustment

11. MBS Adjustment

12. Ant Height Low Hig

13. STC Curve Std Gntl

14. Ope Mode r Slave

15. Hours in Use 000001.5H

16. Tx Hours 000000.0H

Adjusting tune/video

[ Installation Setup]

Select item by omnipad

and ress ENTER key.

. Nav Talker GPS LC

Magnet

Rotate

180

Mid Sharp Maste

Figure 6-15 Installation setup ment

Do the following to adjust tune and video amplifier level input.

1. Press the [ST BY/TX] key to transmit.

WARNING

Before transmitting the radar make sure no one is near the antenna unit, to prevent the potential risk of being struck by the rotation antenna and exposure to Therefore radiation hazard.

2. On the Installation setup menu, select [ACQ/ENTER] key.

3. The unit automatically adjusts, displaying the following message.

[Tune/Video Auto Adjustment]

Now under correction.

"8.Tune/Video Adjustment" and press the

Return to installation setup menu after the correction.

Figure 6-16 Tune/Video Auto Adjustment messages

4. When adjustment is completed, the messages disappears.

Entering antenna height The STC curve changes with respect to antenna height above the waterline. Enter antenna height above the waterline to optimize the STC curve.

1. Select "12.Antenna Height" on the installation setup menu and press the [ACQ/ ENTER] key.

2. Operate the omnipad to select antenna height above the waterine; Low (~3 m), Mid (3~6m) or High (6~10 m).

3. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

Aligning heading (Adjustment sector:0~359.90) You have mounted the antenna unit facing straight ahead in the direction of the how. Therefore, a small but conspicuous target dead ahead visually should appear on the heading line (zero degrees).

In practice, you will probably observe some small error on the display because of the difficulty in achieving accurate initial positioning of the antenna unit. The following adjustment will compensate for this error.

1. Identify a suitable target (for example, ship or buoy) at a range between 0.125 to 0.25 nautical miles, preferably near the heading mark. To lessen error, keep echoes in the outer half of the picture by changing the range. Aiso, be sure the zoom and off center functions are off.

2. Select "9. Heading Alignment" on the installation setup menu and press the [ACQ/ENTER] key. The following message appears on the display.

[ Heading alignment ]

Set EBL1 to center of target

dead ahead and press ENTER.

Correction 0.0

Figure 6-17 Heading alignment message

3. Operate the omnipad to bisect target selected at step 1 with the heading line.

4. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

5. As a final test, move the boat towards a small buoy and confirm that the buoy shows up dead ahead on the radar when it is visually dead ahead.

Adjusting sweep timing(Adjustment range:0.000~4.266nm)

This adjustment ensures proper radar performance, especially on short ranges. The radar measures the time required for a transmitted echo appears on the display based on this time. Thus, at the instant the transmitter is fired, the sweep should start from the center of the display (sometimes called sweep origin.) A trigger pulse generated in the display unit goes to the antenna unit through the signal cable to trigger the transmitter (magnetron). The time taken by the signal to travel up to the antenna unit varies, depending largely on the length of signal cable. During this period the display unit should wait before starting the sweep. When the display unit is not adjusted correctly, the echoes from a straight local object (for example, a harbor wall or straight pier) will not appear with straight edges - namely, they will be seen as "pushed out" or "pulled in" near the picture center. The range of objects will also be incorrectly

shown.

(1) Correct (2) Target pushed

inward

(3) Target pushed outward

Figure 6-18 Examples of improper and correct sweep timing

Transmit on the shortest range and confirm that the [GAIN] and [STC]

1. controls are properly adjusted. Visually select a target which forms straight line (harbor wall, straight pier).

Select

"10.Sweep Timing Adjustment " on the installation setup menu and

press the [ACQ/ENTER] key. The message appears.

[ Sweep Timing Adjustment ]

Use omnipad to staighten

Target and press ENTER key.

Correction 0.000 nm

Figure 6-19 Sweep timing adjustment message

4. Operate the omnipad to straighten the target selected at step 2, and then press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

Adjusting MBS (Main Ban Suppression)(Adjustment: 0.00~0.25) Main bang (black hole), which appears at the display center on short ranges, can be suppressed as follows.

1. Transmit on long range about 10 minutes.

2. Adjust the gain to show a small amount of noise on the display.

3. Change to the 0.125 nautical mile range and adjust the [A/C SEA] control.

4. Select

"11.MBS adjustment" on the installation setup menu.

5. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key. The following message appears.

[MBS Adjustment ]

Set value by omnipad and press ENTER key

Correction 000

Figure 6-20 MBS Adjustment message

6. Operate the omnipad to suppress main bang.(Left: low, right, between 0 and 25)

7. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

Setting a blanking area] When the antenna is installed at a close distance in front of the wheelhouse, the radar should be set not to transmit within that area. No echoes appear in the blanking areas.

1. Select

"7.Dead Sector".

2. Press the [ENTER] key.

3. Operate the omnipad to enter staring point of area (in figures).

4. Press the [ENTER] key.

5. Operate the omnipad to enter ending point of area (in figures).

6. Press the [ENTER] key,

Area of no transmission

Figure 6-21 Blank areas where transmission is suspended

This area can be turned on/off on the OTHER MENU. For detail, see the description on page 18. Note: This setting should be done after other adjustment are finished.

Magnetron heater voltage Magnetron heater voltage is formed at the MOD Board of the antenna unit and preadjusted at the factory for use with any length of signal cable. Therefore no adjustment is required. However, verify heater voltage by following the procedure below.

1. Turn on the radar(if it is not already on) and set it in stand-by.

2. Open the antenna housing (radome) cover. Connect a multitester, set to 10V DC range.

Model Check point Rating Adjustment Point

KR-1338

Tp803

#4,#6

7.4~7.6V

V 801

on MD Borad

KR-1668

Tp803

#4,#6

7.4~7.6V

V 801

on MD Borad

3. Close the antenna housing cover and tighten the fixing bolts.

MENU TREE

MENU KEY

RINGS(Off,1,2,3,max) EBL OFFSET Off On SHIFT Off On ZOOM Off On MODE HU CU NU TM DISP DATA ECHO TRAIL Off On ECHO STRTCH Off ES ARPA MENU OTHER MENU

.Panel Dimmer

1 1,2,3,4

.Mark Brill

2 1,2,3,4

.HD Mark

3 1,2,3,4

.Characters

4 1,2,3,4

.Trail Tone Single Multi

.Int Reject Off

6 1,2,3

.Pulselength Short Long

.Noise Reject Off On

.Trail Time

15S 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M Cont

.Tone Auto Manu

.Disp Data Off Nav ARP All

.WPT Mark Off On

.EBL Ref Rel True

.VRM Unit nm km sm

.Watchman Off

15 5M 10M 20M

.STBY DISP Norm Econo Nav

.Guard Mode In Out

.Cursor Posi

18 B/R,L/L

19.Alm Sense LV Low Mid High .Dead Sector Off On

.Range

1/81/41/23/411.5/23468121624,

22.Color Setting

23.Self Test

24.Installation Setup

1 ES2

.Display

.AllCancel

.Vectpr ref

.Vector Length .History

.CPA SET

.TCPA SET

.AUTO ACQ

36):1016 36,48):1048 36,48,64):1064

1 GPS

.Nav Talker All

.Depth unit m fa ft

3CF

.Temp Unit , )

.Hdg Sensor(Magnet,Gyro)

.Key Beep Off On

.Scan Stop Rotate Stop .Dead Sector

.Tune/Video Adjustment

.Heading Alignment

.Sweep Timing Adjustment

.MBS Adjustment

.Ant Height Low Mid High

.STC Curve(Sharp,std Gntl)

.Ope Mode Master Slave

.Hours in Use

.TX Hours

ARPA

WARNING

This auto plotter is not designed to replace the human eye nor make decisions for the navigator. It is intended for use as an aid to navigation. Always maintain a watch while underway. Data obtained from this auto plotter should always be double checked against other sources to verify the reliability of the data.

This auto Plotter automatically tracks a acquired radar target and calculates its course and speed. Indicating it by a vector, Since the data generated by this unit are based on what radar targets are selected, the radar must always be optimally tuned for use with it to ensure that required targets will not be lost or unwanted targets such as sea returns and noise will not be acquired and tracked.

A target echo does not always mean a landmass, reef, ships or other surface objects but can imply returns from sea surface or precipitation. As the level of these returns varies with environment, the operator is required to properly adjust the STC (ant-clutter sea), FTC (anti-clutter rain) and GAIN controls to ensure that target echoes within the affected area are not eliminated from the radar screen. The optimum settings of these controls may slightly differ between the normal radar operation and plotting, and it is recommended to readjust them in accordance with the operating mode selected.

NOTICE

The installation must be done by a ONWA representative or suitably qualified radar technician.

Authorities require this.

Keep magnets and magnetic fields away from the equipment.

Magnetic fields will distort the picture and can cause equipment malfunction. Be sure the unit is well away from equipment which gives off magnetic fields (speaker, power transformer, etc.).

The following items affect calculation accurary.

echo intensity radar transmission pulsewidth radar bearing error gyrocompass error own vessel or other vessel course change

Data for CPA, TCPA, ect. Are approximations only. Always use data obtained prudently.

Operation of ARPA

General

The Auto Plotter permits manual or automatic acquisition and automatic tracking of up to 10 radar targets. An internal microprocessor calculates target data such as speeds and courses and display the results in alphanumeric and by vectors. To ensure the reliability of the displayed target data, the radar must be properly adjusted for minimum sea returns and noise.

Principal Specifications

Acquisition and tracking:

Acquisition of up to 10 targets between 0.2 and 16 nm.

Automatic tracking of up to 10 acquired targets between 0.1 and 16 nm. Vectors: Vector length; 30s, 1,3,6,15,30 min. Orientation; True velocity or relative velocity Past positions: 5 past positions at intervals of 15,30s,1,2,3,6 min. Alarm: Visual and audible alarms against targets violating CPA/TCPA limits, Visual alarm against lost targets

Target discrimination: A target measuring about 800 m or more in the radial or circumferential direction is regarded as a landmass and not acquired or tracked. Echoes smaller than about 800 m are regarded as true targets.

Key Used Auto Plotter

The Auto plotter utilizes the following touchpad keys. Given below is a brief description of these keys.

MENU: Display/Eraese the main menu.

SELECT/CANCEL:

(Long press) Terminates plotting of the target selected with the cursor. (Brief press) Displays the data of target selected with the cursor.

ACQ/ENTER: Acquires the target selected with the cursor.

ARPA MENU Operation

The ARPA MENU operation includes the followings;

Display: Turns on/off the plot symbols, past positions and target data.

All Cancel: Cancels the tracking of all targets.

Vector Ref: Selects relative vector or true vectors. To select your choice, open

the ARPA menu, and the legend Rel and True appear on the "3. Vector Ref" line. Operate the omnipad. When your selection is in the reverse video, press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

Vector Length: Selects vector time.

History Selects past position plot interval.

CPA Set: Selects CPA alarm limit, When a target is predicted to come within

this limit, an aural alarm sounds and at the same time the corresponding target symbol changes to a blinking triangle.

Note: If the preset CPA limit is set at OFF, a target which is on collision course will not produce an alarm.

TCPA Set: Selects TCPA alarm limit.

Auto ACQ: Turns on/off Auto Acquisition Area.

Activating the Auto plotter

To activate the Auto Plotter, follow the steps shown below:

1. Adjust the GAIN, A/C SEA and A/C RAIN controls for proper radar picture.

2. Press the [MENU] key to open the main menu.

3. Operate the omnipad to select "ARP-10 MENU".

4. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key. The menu shown in Figure AP-1 appears.

5. Operate the omnipad to select the menu item "1. Display".

6. Operate the omnipad to select "On".

7. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

8. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

[ARPA MENU]

Select item by omnipad and press ENTER key

1. Display Off

2. All Cancel

3. Vector Ref

Ref

True

4. Vector Length 30s 1M 3M 6M 15M

5. History 15s 30s 1M

Off

30M

2M 3M 6M

6. CPA Set Off 0.5 1nm 2nm 3nm 5nm 6nm

7. TCPA Set 1M 2M 3M

30s

4M 5M 6M 12M

8. Auto ACQ On

Off

Figure AP-1 ARP Menu

Target under auto tracking but not selected for cursor data reading

Target Full Mark

Lost Target

125NM

2 AUTO TARGET

FULL

A/C

AUTO EBL

345.6

23.0

Own SHIP

56.12N

34.56E

135 SPD 35.OKT

HDG

1.5 HM

13.5

+ CURSOR

34 29.38N

136 35.77E

TTG 01:00

234.5

0.06

0.142HM

TRAIL

25:38

TTG 00:20

AUTO

30M

G(OUT)

ZOOM

ES1

VRM

0.048NM

0.100NM

WAYP OINT

0.09 NM

50.0 M

Target selected for data reading

Auto Acquisition Area

Threatening target

Figure AP-2 ARPA Display

Deactivation the Auto Plotter

To deactivate the Auto Plotter.

1. Open the "ARPA MENU".

2. Operate the omnipad to select the "1. Display".

3. Operate the omnipad to select "Off".

4. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

Acquiring targets

Manual Acquisition

Follow the steps below to manually acquire a target. Up to 10 target can be manually acquired.

1. Place the cursor(+) on a target of interest by operating the omnipad.

2. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

The plot symbol changes its shape according to the status as below. A vector appears in about one minute after acquisition indicating the target s motion trend. If the target is consistently detected for three minutes, the plot symbol changes to a solid mark. If acquisition fails, the target symbol blinks ans disappears shortly.

SQUARE (dotted)

Immediately after acquisition - Plot symbol shown in broken lines.

SQUARE(dotted with a vector)

One minute after acquisition - Vector still unreliable.

CIRCLE(Soild with a vector)

3 minutes after acquisition - Plot symbol changes to a solid circel indicating the stable tracking condition.

LARGE CIRCLE

The plot symbol of a target under tracking becomes twice as large as the normal symbol when the target is selected for data reading.

Note 1: The target to be acquired should be within 0.2 to 16 nm from own ship and not obscured by sea or rain clutter for successful acquisition.

Note 2: When you want to acquire 11th target, cancel tracking one of less important target.

Note 3: When auto acquisition mode (Auto ACQ) is on, up to 5 target can be acquired. For detail, see next section titled Automatic Acquisition.

WARNING

When a tracked target nears another tracked target the targets may be "swapped."When two target come close to each other, one of the two can become a "lost targets."Should this happen, reacquisition of the "lost target"is required after the two targets have separated.

Automatic Acquisition

The Auto plotter APRA can acquire up to 5 targets automatically by setting the Auto Ac-quisition area predefined in the system. If Auto ACQ is selected after more than 5 targets have been manually acquired, only the remaining capacity of targets can be automatically acquired. Example; when 7 targets acquired manually, then the Auto ACQ is switched on only 3 targets can be acquire automatically, When five targets have been automatically acquired, "AUTO TARGET FULL" message appears at top left corner on the display.

Setting Auto Acquisition Area Auto acquisition area is predefined between 2.0 and 2.5 nm in range and 45 on either side of the heading line in bearing. If a target come into this area, it is acquired automatically.

Figure AP-3 Auto acquisition area

Follow the steps shown below to activate the auto acquisition area;

1. Open the "ARPA MENU".

2. Select "8. Auto ACQ"by operating the omnipad.

3. Operate the omnipad to select "On".

4. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

Terminating Tracking of Targets

When the Auto Plotter has acquired 10 targets, no more acquisition occurs unless targets are lost. Should this happen, cancel tracking of individual target or all targets by the procedure described below.

Individual Targets

Place the cursor (+) on a target which you do not want to be tracked any longer by operating the omnipad and press andgold down the [SELECT/CANCEL] key.

All Targets

All targets can be canceled from "ARPA MENU"at a time.

1. Open the "ARPA MENU".

2. Select "2.All Cancel".

3. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

Displaying Target Data

The Auto Plotter calculates motion trends (range, bearing, course, speed, CPA and TCPA) of all targets under tracking at the ARP Data area. To turn ARP data on;

1. Press the [MENU] key.

2. Select the "DISP DATA".

3. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key to select the message for "ARP "NAV and "

ARP .

4. Press the [ACQ?ENTER] key to set.

5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

CAUTION

At the speed under 5 kts the target data is displayed with a delay because of the filtration

Place the cursor on a wanted target and press the [SELECT/CANCEL] key. Data on the selected target is displayed at the bottom of the screen. The symbol of the selected target gets twice as large as the normal circle. The data includes the follows;

RNG/RBG (Range/Bearing): Range and bearing from own ship to the last-plotted or selected target position with suffix"T"(Ture) or "M"(Magnetic). For ture bearings suffix "T"is used in case of gyrocompass input and suffix "M"is used in case of magnetic compass input.

COURSE/SPEED (Course/Speed):

Course and speed are displayed for the lastplotted or selected target with suffix "T"(Ture) or "M"(Magnetic). For true bearings suffix "T"is used in case of gyrocompass input and suffix "M"is used in case of magnetic compass input.

CPA (Closest Point of Approach) is the closest range a target will approach to own ship. Do not mix it with the operator preset CPA alarm limit. TCPA is the time to CPA measured with present speeds of own ship and the targets. Both CPA and TCPA are automatically calculated. When a target ship has passed clear of own shop, the CPA is displayed and the TCPA appears as "**". TCPA is counted up to 99.9 min. And beyond this it is indicated as TCPA>99.9 min.

Mode and length of Vectors

Ture or Relative Vector

Target vectors are displayed in relative or true mode. Own shop does not have a vector in relative mode.

Vector Length

From the ARPA MENU, Vector Length can be set to 30 seconds,1,3,6,15 or 30 minutes and the selected vector time is indicated on the screen.

The vector tip shows an estimated position of the target after the selected vector time elapses. It can be valuable to extend the vector length to evaluate the risk of collision with any target.

Past position Display

The Auto Plotter displays equally time-spaced dots(maximum 5 dots) marking the past positions of any targets being tracked.

If a target changes its speed, the spacing will be uneven. If it changes the course, its plotted course will not be a straight line in TM mode.

Operational Warnings

There are two main situations which cause the Auto plotter to trigger visual and audible alarms.

CPA/TCPA alarm Lost target alarm

CPA/TCPA Alarm

Visual and audible alarm are generated when the predicted CPA and TCPA of any target become less than their preset limits. The audible alarm continues for 10 seconds.

The Auto plotter ARPA continuously monitors the predicted range at the Closest Point of Approach(CPA) and predicted time to CPA(TCPA) of each tracked target to own ship.

When the predicted CPA of any target becomes smaller than a preset CPA alarm range and its predicted TCPA less than a preset TCPA alarm limit, the ARPA releases an audible alarm. In addition, the target plot symbol changes to a triangle and flashes together with its vector.

Provided that this feature is used correctly, it will help prevent the risk of collision by alerting you to threatening targets, It is important that GAIN, A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and other radar controls are properly adjusted and the Auto Plotter is set up so that it can track targets effectively.

CPA/TCPA alarm ranges must be set up properly taking into consideration the size, tonnage, speed, turning performance and other characteristics of own ship.

WARNING

The CPA/TCPA alarm feature should never be relied upon as a sole means for detecting the risk of collision. The navigator is not relieved of the responsibility to keep visual lookout for avoiding collisions, whether or not the radar or other plotting aid is in use.

Follow the steps shown below to set the CPA/TCPA alarm ranges:

1. Open the "ARPA MENU".

2. On the "CPA Set"line, select a CPA limit desired.(Off,0.5,1,2,3,5,6nm)

3. Press the [ACQ/ENTER] key.

4. On the "TCPA Set"line, select a TCPA limit desired.(30s,1,2,3,4,5,6,12M)

5. Press the (ACQ/ENTER] key.

6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

The flashing of the triangle plot symbol and vector remain on the screen until the dangerous situation is no longer present or you intentionally terminate tracking of the target by using the [SELECT/CANCEL] key.

Lost Target Alarm

When the system detects a loss of a tracked target, the target symbol becomes a flashing diamond.

276.8

276

130.5

27.5

148

276.8

140

150

276

286

310

Antenna base plate

ONWAONWA

Effective thread length

Flat washer

Spring washer

Apply silicone sealant

Packing

Radome

5 -10 mm

Platform

Hex bolt

KR-1338/1668 INTERCONNECTION

1250

260

RA12

185

635

FORWARO

240

RA12

124

RADIATOR S=1/25

RA12: KR-1668

585

440

240

FIXING HOLES

350

M12 BOLT

CW10530X

F.W .

SEAL WASHER

PLATFORM

S.W M12 NUT

540 (XN8)

650 (XN12A)

168

140

240

150

178

185

MOUNTING DIMEENSIONS

DIA.OF

CENTER OF ROTSTION

ATIO

ROT

CABLE ENTRY

TO DISPLAY UNIT

GND

TUNING

VIDEO

MIBS L

GND

TUNING IND

MIBS SIG

+12V

B.W

GND

MIBS SIG

-12V

J611

12345678910111213

J613

1234567

IF 0711

GND

+12V

B.W

-12V

J804

1234567

TO DISPLAY UNIT

BEARING

MOTOR(+)

MOTOR(-)

HEADING

J802

123

TO DISPLAY UNIT

P/L B

P/L A

-12V

GND

+12V

TX TRIG

J801

123456789

MOD 0904

IF UNIT

MDD UNIT

432

KR-1338 ONLY

GNDIF+5V

TUNE

SCALE MASS

Data

2009.07.30

Sheet

CHECKED

APROVED

Size

DRAWN

MARTIN

MODEL

KR-1688 ONLY

123

MIC

J612

43215

GND

TUNE

+5V

NJT1668

TD802

TD801

(YELLOW)

(GREEN)

COLD

HOT

J805

123

HEADING

S801

NRS-101

BOM-ZYW-40/01 A-01

J803

12345

GND

ENGODER

+12V

M801

TP803

12345

MIG Current

GND

+7.5V

+15V

TX-HV

KR-1338/1668

1 of 1

Rev

2.0

NAME

TYPE

ORGANIZATION

EXPRESS COMMUNICATION & NAVIGATION COMPANY LTD.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

DRW NO

SCANNER UNIT INTERCONNECTION

SCANNER CONNECT

HY801

FCX73

TO ANTENNA

V801

MA1421 or MSF1421

ECHO & GYRO

1234567

GPS

12345

ECHO IN

GND

NMEA OUT3

123

KEYPAD UNIT

123

MIAN TUN

GND

VDD3.3V

GND

P0 3

RX-data

RST

GND

MHDR1X4

123

P56

GND V-SYNC

4 3

VIDEO H-SYNC

2 1

GND +12V

MBS SIG

GND TUNING

TUNIND

MOTOR(+) MOTOR(-) +12V GND

-12V

GND

P57

EXT-BUZZER

3 2 1

P52

14 13

10 9 8 7

P/L-A

P/L-B TX-TRIG

VIDEO SIG

GND

DC-

TO EXT. ALARM

TO SCANNER UNIT

SCALE MASS

Data

2009.12.15

Sheet

1 of 1

CHECKED

APROVED

DRAWN

MARTIN

Size Rev

A3 2.0

MODEL

KR-1338/1668

TO SCANNER UNIT

WARNINGHPBP

PNL-BOZZ

PNL-DIM

-12V

DC-

GND

-12V

54321

GND

+5V

GND

P51

+32V

+12V

+5V

+32V

+12V

MOTOR(-)

PWR

DC+

ANT.SW

-12V

ANT.SW

GND

PWR

DC+

GYRO IN

GND

NMEA OUT2

+3.3V

123

123456789

ECONOMY

AC-RAIN

GND

P59

MAIN UNIT

OP-VIDEO

MOTOR(+)

AC-SEA

GND

-32V

GAIN

54321

GND

TRIG

TO SLAVE

GPS IN

GND

NMEA OUT1

+3.3V

123

-12V

KEY 0912

123456789

DC-

PWR

DC+

+5V

+12V

P53

123456789

MAIN 0804

P10

BL-12V

3 2

GND

DISPLAY UNIT

LCD

LCD Display

LCD DATA BUS

P60

GND

HEADING

BEARING

CN1

MHDR1X15

1112131415

NAME

TYPE

ORGANIZATION

EXPRESS COMMUNICATION & NAVIGATION COMPANY LTD.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

DRW NO

SCANNER UNIT INTERCONNECTION

DISPLAY UNIT

P1302

123456789

POWER BOARD

PWR 0912

FIL 0912

FILTER BOARD

J1301

SHIP`S MAINS +

SHIP`S MAINS -

1 2

3 4

1 2

SHIP`S MAINS + SHIP`S MAINS -

12/24/32VDC

NAV/HEADING/DEPTH DATA

(NMEA0183)

HEADING/DEPTH DATA

(NMEA0183)

SLAVE DISPLAY

SHIP`S MAINS + SHIP`S MAINS -

+3.3V GPS IN NMEA OUT1 GND GND

+3.3V GYRO IN NMEA OUT2

GND ECHO IN NMEA OUT3 GND GND

GND HEADING

GND BEARING GND TRIG

GND OP-VIDEO

1 2

NMEA-1

GPS

1 2 3 4 5 6

NMEA-2

ECHO & GYRO

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MOD 0904

KRC-003-10/15/20

DISPLAY UNIT

KRD-1002

P60

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

DJ1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

+12V +12V GND

-12V

-12V TX TRIG P/L A P/L B

BEARING MOTOR (+) HEADING MOTOR (-)

TUNING IND

MBS_L

GND

VIDEO TUNING

J801

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

J802

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

ANTENNA UNIT

IF 0711

KRA-1002

GND H-SYNC VIDEO V-SYNC GND

TO EXT. BUZZER

SCALE MASS

Data

2009.07.30

Sheet

1 of 1

ORGANIZATION

EXPRESS COMMUNICATION & NAVIGATION COMPANY LTD.

CHECKED

APROVED

MARTIN

Size Rev

A3 2.0

KR-1338

NAME

TYPE

INTERCONNECTION DIAGRAM

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

C1338-001

+12V GND EXT-BUZZER

DRAWN

MODEL

DRW NO

P56

1 2 3 4 5

P57

1 2 3

MAIN 0804

KR-1338/1668

Onwa KR-1338C v.1 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual