Onwa KAP-833 User Manual

KAP833 KAP833

OPERATOR'S MANUAL

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KAP-833 KAP-833

Autopilot

Warning!

Automatic pilots are designed to be a navigational aid. As an automatic steering
aid, an autopilot can alleviate the boredom of hand steering.

This allows the operator of the vessel time to attend to other duties, keep a more
accurate check of navigation duties or just relax and enjoy the trip.

HOWEVER, THE AUTOPILOT SHOULD NOT BE LEFT SOLELY IN CHARGE
OF THE VESSEL AND AN ADEQUATE WATCH SHOULD BE MAINTAINED
AT ALL TIMES.

IT IS NOT RECOMMENDED THAT THE AUTOPILOT BE USED WHILE
NAVIGATING IN RESTRICTED WATERWAYS AS WATER CURRENTS,
WIND CHANGES OR RADIO TRANSMITTER INTERFERENCE MAY AFFCT
VESSEL COURSE SUFFICIENTLY TO ENDANGER YOUR OWN OR OTHER
VESSELS.

Introduction

The KAP-833 autopilot is a hybrid of digital and analogue technology to give
the best of both worlds - excellent steering characteristics with digital compass
display, keypad course input, GPS and gyro interfaces, and much more, in solid
metal case.

The KAP-833 Autopilot controls the vessel steering through mechanical drive,
reversing pump set ,solenoid valves or relays.

The compass must be installed in a place free of magnetic interference, and
connected to the autopilot via the cable supplied.

The rudder feedback must be attached to the rudder in such a way that it can
accurately measure the position of the ships rudder. This must also be
connected to the autopilot via the cable supplied.

Provision has been made for two hand remote, panel remote, steering lever
or steering wheel stations. These are very robust units, which will not be
adversely affected by water. The abilities they provide are somewhat different

from the main control panel. See the Operation section of this manual for details.

For more in formation on installation of your KAP-833 autopilot, see the
Autopilot Installation section of this manual.

For more information on using your KAP-833 autopilot, see the Autopilot
Operation section of this manual.

1 1

Autopilot Operation

Overview of Operation

1-1

Standby Mode

1-2

Auto Mode

1-3

Power Steering Mode

1-4

GPS Mode

1-5

1

1

2

3

4

5

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

6 6

Alarms

Stopwatch Timer Alarm

2-1

Angle Off Course Alarm

2-2

No GPS Data Alarm

2-3

Remote Unit Operation

Control function setting

Weather

4-1

Counter-Rudder

4-2

Rudder (Rudder Ratio) Control

4-3

Compass Calibration

Autopilotlot Installation

Installation of Main Unit

6-1

Installation of Compass

6-2

Installation of Rudder Feedback

6-3

Installation of solenoid

6-4

Installation of Motor

6-5

Installation of Remote Units

6-6

NMEA Connection

6-7

External Alarm Installation

6-8

PORT Wiring Diagram

6-9

System Configuration with optional items

6-10

Installation Dimension

6-11

7

7

7

8

9

11
11
12
13

14

15

15

16

19

21

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

7 7

Commissioning Checks

7-1

Connection Tests

7-2

Adjustments

7-3

Fuse Protection

28

28

29

32

1 1

Autopilot Operation Autopilot Operation

Overview of Operation

The following is a brief list of the capabilities of the KAP-833 autopilot. Each
described in more detail in a separate chapter.

Note: Power to the KAP-833 is supplied via Weather control. Turn the knob
control in a clockwise direction to apply power to the KAP-833; this will
initially put the KAP-833 into Standby mode.

Standby Mode

The digital display shows the current magnetic heading.
The autopilot will not apply any steering control.

Auto Mode

The autopilot will maintain your vessel on any desired magnetic course.
This course can be set from the control panel by dialling up a course
change with the course knob, entering a course from the keypad, or
recalling a stored course with the PRESET button.

Power Steer

The rudder angle may be controlled by the course knob on the main
panel or from one of the remote steering stations.

GPS Mode

When receiving information from a GPS unit, the autopilot can steer a
vessel to a precise latitude and longitude.

Stopwatch Timer Mode

A timer can be set for 1 to 60 minutes. When the time expires, an alarm
will sound. Uses include timing of trawling runs, or a reminder to check
for anchor drag at set periods during a storm.

Remote steering stations

Two of these may normally be fitted (eg on each side of the bridge),
allowing adjustment of the autopilot course, or direct control of the rudder
(power steering). An optional third steering lever may be connected to
the control unit, subject to a special order at time of delivery.

Rudder Ratio, Weather and Counter Rudder

These controls customise the KAP-833 for your vessel. They may also
be used to adjust steering for varying sea conditions.

1

Standby Mode

2

Turn Weather control knob clockwise to switch KAP-833 on to Standby mode.

In this mode

The Main and Standby lights are on
The motor clutch is disengaged
No steering control output is generated
The commercial watch alarm is turned off (if enabled)
The digital display shows the vessels current magnetic course

Possible alarms

Stopwatch timer alarm

If the option of Electric steering is enabled, this mode may not be
available and the unit will go direct to power steer on turn on.

2

Auto Mode

3

Engaging Auto steering mode

When in Standby Mode and the AUTO key is pressed, a beep will
sound and the adjacent yellow light will be turned on.

The autopilot will lock on to the heading indicated.

Disengaging the Autopilot

Press the Standby button. A beep will sound and the vessel will return to
manual steering (Standby Mode). The AUTO light will be turned off and
STANDBY light turned on.

Course Adjustment

Pressing the port (red) or stbd (green) arrow keys will cause a one degree
course change in that direction. The display will change to indicate the
new course-to-steer.

Rotating the course-change knob will change the course-to-steer by one
degree for each click .

Entering a course from the keypad, and pressing GOTO will change the
course-to-steer to the bearing entered.

3

Power Steering Mode

4

Engaging Power Steering Mode

Press the Power button. A beep will sound and the adjacent light will come
on. The rudder will move to the centre position.

Setting the rudder angle

Rotating the course control knob clockwise will move the rudder to
starboard. Rotating the course control knob anticlockwise will move the
rudder to port.

The angle of rudder applied depends on the amount of rotation of the
course knob.

The maximum angle of rudder is controlled by the internal and external rudder
limit settings.

For information on power-steering with a remote unit (eg: Electric Wheel or
Steering Levers), see the section on remote units.

If your vessel requires counter-rudder while steering in auto mode, you may wish
to set the counter rudder control 1 (ie: disabled) while using power-steer.

4

GPS Mode

5

For use when interfaced to a GPS generating NMEA 0183 data output. While in
auto mode this allows the autopilot to be directed by the GPS, enabling automatic
heading changes and eliminating the effects of wind and tide.

The digital display indicates the course-to-steer, which will be the bearing
between the origin and destination waypoints, plus a factor to correct for the
current cross-track-error (XTE).

Engaging GPS Mode

When in any mode, press the GPS key. A beep will sound and the
adjacent yellow light will be turned on.

The vessel will begin turning from its current course to the course
requested by the GPS unit, at a maximum rate of 10 degrees per second.

If no GPS data is being received by the KAP-833, the autopilot will lock
onto the course of the vessel at the time that GPS Mode was engaged, and
the No GPS Data alarm shall sound.

Disengaging GPS Mode

Pressing the Auto key will set the KAP-833 to Auto Mode.
Pressing the Standby key will return the pilot to Standby.

Setting up your GPS unit

Because there are a great variety of GPS units that will work with this
autopilot, the following is a guide only. For more information, consult your
GPS manual.

The GPS unit must be set up to output NMEA0183 data on a pair of
wires which are connected to the GPS In terminal connections inside the
KAP-833. The data generated must include at least on of the following.

The APA sentence.
The APB sentence.
The BOD and XTE sentences.

If only the XTE data sentence available, the pilot can steer in a restricted
manner. See later in this section.

5

The GPS unit must then be commanded to go to a waypoint, or to follow
a line joining two or more waypoints (called a route).
This unit will then send information to the autopilot from which can be
calculated the course-to-steer. If several waypoints are linked together into
a single route, and the GPS unit is set to auto-sequence between them,
and an arrival zone of more than 0.1 NM (Nautical Miles) is set so that
the GPS can detect when the vessel has reached a waypoint, then the
KAP-833 will be able to steer from each waypoint to the next without
intervention.

If only the XTE information is available from your GPS unit then your
vessel must be on track, and heading in the correct direction before
engaging the GPS mode, and the auto-sequencing feature is not available.

Remember:

Prior to engaging GPS mode, a route must be programmed into the GPS
for the Autopilot to follow.

No GPS Data Alarm

If the autopilot is not receiving valid information while in GPS Mode, the
No GPS Data alarm will sound, and the GPS light will blink. This could
be caused by:

Incorrect wiring of the GPS to the KAP-833.
Incorrect data output from the GPS unit.
No route set up or selected in the GPS unit.
No location fix at the GPS unit.

See also Alarms in the Operation section of this manual.

The bearings generated by the GPS unit must correspond to the bearings the
KAP-833 is receiving from its magnetic compass. The greater the difference
between these bearings, the less accurate will the be GPS Mode steering.

Ensure that the GPS unit has the correct magnetic correction factor.

Ensure that the KAP-833 compass is correctly aligned and installed.

6

2 2

Alarms Alarms

A number of conditions will cause alarms to sound. In some cases, lights on the
control panel will also blink. Each alarm has a different beep pattern (except
stopwatch and commercial watch alarm). The external alarm output may also be
turned on by some of these alarms; this does not have a beep pattern .

Stopwatch Timer Alarm

1

2

This alarm indicates that the time set by the user has expired.
Alarm pattern is 0.2 second on, 0.2 second off until reset.
The external alarm output is turned on 1 minute after the internal alarm
commences. Note that a suitable piezo buzzer must be attached to this
output. This is not supplied with the KAP-833 but is available as an option.

Angle Off Course Alarm

2

2

The alarm pattern is 0.2 seconds on, 0.2 seconds off when vessel is more
than the set number of degrees from course-to-steer. The off-course
light blinks on and off at the same rate as the audible alarm. The angle at
which this alarm sounds can be set to any desired limit (including
completely disabled).

.

2

Angle Off Course

An alarm will sound if the vessel has deviated from its desired course by more
than a set number of degrees. This can be caused by a number of steering faults,
any of which require attention by the crew.

The angle at which this alarm sounds may be set to any value between 1 and 180
degrees.

To set the off-course alarm angle

Enter the desired angle in degrees from the keypad, and then press the
off-course button.

To examine the current off-course alarm angle

When no digits entered from the keypad, press the off-course button. The
currently set alarm angle (in degrees) will be displayed for two seconds.

When the allowable angle is exceeded, the off-course alarm will sound and the
off-course light will flash. When the vessel is brought on to its correct course
again, the alarm will cease.

Changing to power-steer or standby modes will cancel the alarm.

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The default value for the off-course angle (ie the one set when the KAP-833 is
turned on) is 30 degrees.

Note that the alarm will sound if a large course change is entered (eg from
keypad, preset course or course change knob). This alarm will cease as soon as
the vessel completes its course change. The alarm may also sound when changing
from one section of a GPS route to another, and will cancel itself when the
course change is completed.

7