Nortel Networks 8600 User Manual

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600

Commissioning

Release: 5.0 Document Revision: 01.01

www.nortel.com

NN46205-319

323883-A Rev 01

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 Release: 5.0 Publication: NN46205-319 Document status: Standard Document release date: 30 May 2008

Printed in Canada and the United States of America LEGAL NOTICE

While the information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable, except as otherwise expressly agreed to in writing NORTEL PROVIDES THIS DOCUMENT "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. The information and/or products described in this document are subject to change without notice.

Nortel, the Nortel logo, and the Globemark are trademarks of Nortel Networks.

All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Contents

Software license 7 New in this release 11

Features 11

Other changes 11

Introduction 13 Commissioning fundamentals 15

System connections 15

System logon 19

Setup utility 21 Secure and nonsecure protocols 25 Password encryption 26 Management port 26

Web management 29 Device Manager 29

NNCLI 11

Document changes 11

Terminal connection 16 Modem connection 16

hsecure mode 20

Static IP entry for the OOB network management interface 27

Commissioning 31

Commissioning tasks 31

Initial steps using Device Manager 33

Initial commissioning procedures 33 Editing system information 34 Configuring the date and time 37 Changing passwords 38

Initial steps using the CLI 41

Initial commissioning procedures 41 Job aid: Roadmap of initial CLI commands 43 Connecting a terminal 45

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Connecting a modem 46

Procedure job aid: PPP file 49

Configuring the switch with the setup utility 54

Procedure job aid: setup utility prompts 54 Configuring system identification 60 Configuring the time zone 62 Configuring the date 63 Specifying the primary SF/CPU 64 Changing passwords 64 Resetting passwords 68

Initial steps using the NNCLI 69

Initial commissioning procedures 69 Job aid: Roadmap of initial NNCLI commands 71 Connecting a terminal 73 Connecting a modem 74

Procedure job aid: PPP file 77 Configuring the switch with the setup utility 81

Procedure job aid: setup utility prompts 82 Configuring system identification 87

Example of configuring system identification 89 Configuring the time zone 89 Configuring the date 91 Specifying the primary SF/CPU 91 Changing passwords 92

Remote connection configuration using Device Manager 95

Remote connection configuration procedures 95 Assigning an IP address to the management port 97 Assigning static routes to the management interface 97 Configuring SNMP settings for Device Manager access 99 Enabling the Web management interface 101

Remote connection configuration using the CLI 103

Remote connection configuration procedures 103 Job aid: Roadmap of remote connection CLI commands 105 Assigning an IP address to the management port 106 Assigning static routes to the management interface 107

Example of assigning a static route to the management interface 108 Enabling remote access services 108 Enabling the Web management interface 109 Configuring the remote host logon 110

Remote connection configuration using the NNCLI 113

Remote connection configuration procedures 113 Job aid: Roadmap of remote connection NNCLI commands 115

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Assigning an IP address to the management port 116 Assigning static routes to the management interface 117

Example of assigning a static route to the management interface 118 Enabling remote access services 118 Enabling the Web management interface 119 Configuring the remote host logon 120

Commissioning verification 123

Pinging an IP device 123 Using Telnet to log on to the device 124 Accessing the switch through the Web interface 124

Common procedures using Device Manager 127

Saving the configuration 127

Common procedures using the CLI 129

Saving the configuration 129

Common procedures using the NNCLI 131

Saving the configuration 131

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Software license

This section contains the Nortel Networks software license.

Nortel Networks Inc. software license agreement

This Software License Agreement ("License Agreement") is between you, the end-user ("Customer") and Nortel Networks Corporation and its subsidiaries and affiliates ("Nortel Networks"). PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING CAREFULLY. YOU MUST ACCEPT THESE LICENSE TERMS IN ORDER TO DOWNLOAD AND/OR USE THE SOFTWARE. USE OF THE SOFTWARE CONSTITUTES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. If you do not accept these terms and conditions, return the Software, unused and in the original shipping container, within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price.

"Software" is owned or licensed by Nortel Networks, its parent or one of its subsidiaries or affiliates, and is copyrighted and licensed, not sold. Software consists of machine-readable instructions, its components, data, audio-visual content (such as images, text, recordings or pictures) and related licensed materials including all whole or partial copies. Nortel Networks grants you a license to use the Software only in the country where you acquired the Software. You obtain no rights other than those granted to you under this License Agreement. You are responsible for the selection of the Software and for the installation of, use of, and results obtained from the Software.

1. Licensed Use of Software. Nortel Networks grants Customer a

nonexclusive license to use a copy of the Software on only one machine at any one time or to the extent of the activation or authorized usage level, whichever is applicable. To the extent Software is furnished for use with designated hardware or Customer furnished equipment ("CFE"), Customer is granted a nonexclusive license to use Software only on such hardware or CFE, as applicable. Software contains trade secrets and Customer agrees to treat Software as confidential information using the same care and discretion Customer uses with its own similar information that it does not wish to disclose, publish or disseminate. Customer will ensure that anyone who uses the Software does so only in compliance with the terms

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8 Software license

of this Agreement. Customer shall not a) use, copy, modify, transfer or distribute the Software except as expressly authorized; b) reverse assemble, reverse compile, reverse engineer or otherwise translate the Software; c) create derivative works or modifications unless expressly authorized; or d) sublicense, rent or lease the Software. Licensors of intellectual property to Nortel Networks are beneficiaries of this provision. Upon termination or breach of the license by Customer or in the event designated hardware or CFE is no longer in use, Customer will promptly return the Software to Nortel Networks or certify its destruction. Nortel Networks may audit by remote polling or other reasonable means to determine Customer’s Software activation or usage levels. If suppliers of third party software included in Software require Nortel Networks to include additional or different terms, Customer agrees to abide by such terms provided by Nortel Networks with respect to such third party software.

2. Warranty. Except as may be otherwise expressly agreed to in writing between Nortel Networks and Customer, Software is provided "AS IS" without any warranties (conditions) of any kind. NORTEL NETWORKS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES (CONDITIONS) FOR THE SOFTWARE, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT. Nortel Networks is not obligated to provide support of any kind for the Software. Some jurisdictions do not allow exclusion of implied warranties, and, in such event, the above exclusions may not apply.

3. Limitation of Remedies. IN NO EVENT SHALL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS AGENTS OR SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY OF THE FOLLOWING: a) DAMAGES BASED ON ANY THIRD PARTY CLAIM; b) LOSS OF, OR DAMAGE TO, CUSTOMER’S RECORDS, FILES OR DATA; OR c) DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS OR SAVINGS), WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) ARISING OUT OF YOUR USE OF THE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS, ITS AGENTS OR SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THEIR POSSIBILITY. The forgoing limitations of remedies also apply to any developer and/or supplier of the Software. Such developer and/or supplier is an intended beneficiary of this Section. Some jurisdictions do not allow these limitations or exclusions and, in such event, they may not apply.

4. General

1. If Customer is the United States Government, the following paragraph

shall apply: All Nortel Networks Software available under this License Agreement is commercial computer software and commercial computer

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Nortel Networks Inc. software license agreement 9

software documentation and, in the event Software is licensed for or on behalf of the United States Government, the respective rights to the software and software documentation are governed by Nortel Networks standard commercial license in accordance with U.S. Federal Regulations at 48 C.F.R. Sections 12.212 (for non-DoD entities) and 48 C.F.R. 227.7202 (for DoD entities).

Customer may terminate the license at any time. Nortel Networks may terminate the license if Customer fails to comply with the terms and conditions of this license. In either event, upon termination, Customer must either return the Software to Nortel Networks or certify its destruction.

Customer is responsible for payment of any taxes, including personal property taxes, resulting from Customer’s use of the Software. Customer agrees to comply with all applicable laws including all applicable export and import laws and regulations.

Neither party may bring an action, regardless of form, more than two years after the cause of the action arose.

The terms and conditions of this License Agreement form the complete and exclusive agreement between Customer and Nortel Networks.

This License Agreement is governed by the laws of the country in which Customer acquires the Software. If the Software is acquired in the United States, then this License Agreement is governed by the laws of the state of New York.

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New in this release

The following sections detail what’s new in Nortel Routing Switch 8600 Commissioning, NN46205-319 for Release 5.0:

•

“Features” (page 11)

•

“Other changes” (page 11)

Features

See the following sections for information about feature changes.

•

“NNCLI” (page 11)

NNCLI

In Release 5.0, you can use the new Nortel Command Line Interface (NNCLI) to configure the switch. For more information about the NNCLI, see the following sections:

•

“Initial steps using the NNCLI” (page 69)

•

“Remote connection configuration using the NNCLI” (page 113)

•

“Common procedures using the NNCLI” (page 131)

Other changes

See the following sections for information about changes that are not feature-related.

• “Document changes” (page 11)

Document changes

Much of the content in this document is previously released as Getting Started, 313189-F. All document titles in the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 suite are changed. For more information, see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 Documentation Roadmap, NN46205-103.

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12 New in this release

This document is restructured to align with Nortel Customer Documentation Standards (NCDS).

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Introduction

This guide provides procedures to commission the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600.

Navigation

“Commissioning fundamentals” (page 15)

•

“Commissioning” (page 31)

• “Initial steps using Device Manager” (page 33)

•

“Initial steps using the CLI” (page 41)

• “Initial steps using the NNCLI” (page 69)

•

“Remote connection configuration using Device Manager” (page 95)

•

“Remote connection configuration using the CLI” (page 103)

•

“Remote connection configuration using the NNCLI” (page 113)

• “Commissioning verification” (page 123)

•

“Common procedures using Device Manager” (page 127)

•

“Common procedures using the CLI” (page 129)

•

“Common procedures using the NNCLI” (page 131)

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Commissioning fundamentals

Commissioning follows hardware installation. Commissioning includes the minimal, but essential, configuration steps to provide a default, starting point configuration, set up a management interface, and establish basic security on the node. For more information about configuring security, see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 Security, NN46205-601.

Navigation

“System connections” (page 15)

•

• “System logon” (page 19)

•

“Setup utility” (page 21)

•

“Secure and nonsecure protocols” (page 25)

•

“Password encryption” (page 26)

•

“Management port” (page 26)

•

“Web management” (page 29)

•

“Device Manager” (page 29)

System connections

Connect to the Switch Fabric/Central Processor Unit (SF/CPU) serial ports using one of the following connections:

• “Terminal connection” (page 16)

• “Modem connection” (page 16)

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Terminal connection

Connect the serial console interface (an RS-232 port) to a PC or terminal to monitor and configure the switch. The port uses a DB-9 connector that operates as data terminal equipment (DTE) or data communication equipment (DCE). The default communication protocol settings for the console port are:

• 9600 baud

• 8 data bits

• 1 stop bit

•

No parity

To use the console port, you need the following equipment:

•

A terminal or teletypewriter (TTY)-compatible terminal, or a portable

computer with a serial port and terminal-emulation software

•

An Underwriters Laboratories (UL)-listed straight-through or null modem RS-232 cable with a female DB-9 connector for the console port on the switch. The other end of the cable must use a connector appropriate to the serial port on your computer or terminal. Most computers or terminals use a male DB-25 connector. You can find a null modem cable with the chassis.

You must shield the cable connected to the console port to comply with emissions regulations and requirements.

Modem connection

You can access the switch through a modem connection to the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600, 8691SF/CPU, or 8692SF/CPU modules. Nortel recommends that you use the default settings for the modem port for most modem installations.

To set up modem access, you must use a DTE-to-DCE cable (straight or transmit cable) to connect the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 to the modem. The following table shows the DTE-to-DCE pin assignments.

Table 1 DTE-to-DCE straight-through pin assignments

Modem DCE DB-9

pin number

Signal

Received data (RXD)

Transmitted data (TXD)

Switch Pin

number

22 3

33 2

DCE DB-25 pin number

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Table 1 DTE-to-DCE straight-through pin assignments (cont’d.)

System connections 17

Signal

Data terminal ready (DTR)

Ground (GND) Data set ready

(DSR) Request to send

(RTS) Clear to send

(CTS)

Switch Pin

number

44 20

55 7 66 6

Modem DCE DB-9

pin number

DCE DB-25 pin number

The default communication protocol settings for the modem port are:

• 9600 baud

•

8 data bits

• 1 stop bit

•

No parity

Because the modem port receives DSR and CTS signals before transmitting, control lines are required in the cables. The modem port supports no inbound flow control. The port does not turn on and turn off control lines to indicate the input buffer is full.

To connect a modem to a Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600, you can configure the modem port first using another type of connection to the command line interface (CLI) or Nortel Command Line Interface (NNCLI).

PPP modem connection

You can establish a PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) link over serial asynchronous lines. PC clients use this link to connect remotely to a switch through a standard dial-up modem and the modem DTE port on the primary switch SF/CPU. You must configure the connection on both the remote client PC and the switch. The following figure shows a standard PPP connection to the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600.

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Figure 1 PPP configuration topology

When you configure the modem port on the switch to use PPP, you must also specify a PPP file. The PPP file is a text document which includes all additional PPP configuration parameters to include when the switch reboots. Enter one configuration parameter on each line with any required values.

You can configure the connection to use the Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) or the Password Authentication Protocol (PAP). Both protocols require a secrets file. The secrets file is a text document which includes the list of all users authorized to use the modem port. You must list one user on each line and include specific parameters. The format for each user is client server password IP address. The following list explains each option.

• client: the name of the user. This value is the logon name of the

authorized user. This value should be the name or ID of the user, similar to a Windows or UNIX logon.

• server: the name of the remote device, which is often the dial-in server.

Use an asterisk (*) to indicate any server name is acceptable.

• password: the password for the user.

• IP address: the IP address associated with the user.

The value for the IP address depends on the desired configuration of the modem. If all users must use the same IP address, you must specify the same IP address for all users in the file and it must be the same IP address that you configure as the peer-ip for the modem port. Configure the IP settings on the client to obtain an IP address automatically.

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If each user must use a different IP address, list each user with a different IP address in the file. Configure the client IP settings to use a static IP address that matches what you configure in the secrets file.

An example secrets file looks like the following:

long * long 47.133.223.200 william * william 47.133.223.200

System logon

After the switch boot sequence is complete, a Login prompt appears. The following table shows the default values for logon and password for the console and Telnet sessions.

Table 2 Access levels and default logon values

System logon 19

Access level Description

Read-only Permits view-only configuration and

status information. Is equivalent to Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) read-only community access.

Layer 1 read/write View most switch configuration

and status information and change physical port settings.

Layer 2 read/write View and change configuration

and status information for Layer 2 (bridging and switching) functions.

Layer 3 read/write (8600 switches only)

Read/write View and change configuration and

Read/write/all Permits all the rights of Read/Write

View and change configuration and status information for Layer 2 and Layer 3 (routing) functions.

status information across the switch. You cannot change security and password settings. This access level is equivalent to SNMP read/write community access.

access and the ability to change security settings, including the CLI and Web-based management user names and passwords and the SNMP community strings.

Default logon

ro ro

l1 l1

l2 l2

l3 l3

rw rw

rwa rwa

Default password

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hsecure mode

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 supports a flag called high secure (hsecure). hsecure introduces the following behaviors for the password: 10-character enforcement, aging time, limitation of failed logon attempts, and a protection mechanism to filter certain IP addresses.

After you enable the hsecure flag, the software enforces the 10-character rule for all passwords. After you upgrade from a previous release, if the password does not contain at least 10 characters, you must change your password to the mandatory character length. This password must contain a minimum of two uppercase characters, two lowercase characters, two numbers, and two special characters.

Default passwords and community strings

If the switch boots in hsecure mode as a default factory setting, and you have not configured a password, the default passwords are changed to respect this rule. The following table describes the default passwords.

Table 3 Default setting passwords

User ID Default password

rwa rwarwarrwar rw rwrwrwrwrw ro rororororo l3 l3l3l3l3l3 l2 l2l2l2l2l2 l1 l1l1l1l1l1 l4admin l4adminl4a slbadmin slbadminsl oper operoperop l4oper l4operl4op slboper slboperslb ssladmin ssladminss

The following table describes the default community strings.

Table 4 Default community strings

User ID New community string

ro publiconly l1 l2

privateonly privateonly

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Table 4 Default community strings (cont’d.)

User ID New community string

l3 rw privateonly rwa secretonly

Aging enforcement

When you enable the hsecure flag, you can configure a duration after which you must change your password. You configure the duration by using the aging parameter.

For SNMP and FTP, after a password expires, access is denied. Before you access the system, you must change a community string to a new string consisting of more than eight characters.

Consider the following after you enable the hsecure flag:

• You cannot enable the Web server.

Setup utility 21

privateonly

Setup utility

•

You cannot enable the SSH password authentication.

Filtering mechanism

Beginning with Release 4.1, incorrect IP source addresses as network or broadcast addresses are filtered at the virtual router interface. For example, V1 has the network address 192.168.168.0/24.

This change is valid for all IP subnets, not only for /24 as mentioned in the example. Source addresses 192.168.168.0 and 192.168.168.255 are discarded.

You can filter addresses only if you enable the hsecure mode.

To optimize the function of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600, you can obtain a list of hardware modules. Because the latest modules provide advanced features, they work in certain operation modes that previous modules do not support. The setup utility monitors system requirements and obtains the highest system performance.

Use the setup utility to configure your switch by responding to a series of on-screen questions. The setup utility saves the information in the boot and run-time configuration files. The saved information and files ensure

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the switch reboots in the desired operating mode. The setup utility also provides error and warning messages to advise you of the ramifications of certain hardware and software configurations.

For information about the supported operating modes, see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 Administration, NN46205-605.

The setup utility prompts you through the configuration process by asking a series of questions. Answer each question or accept the default by pressing Enter. Each question shows the default in brackets ([ ]) and the acceptable parameter options in parenthesis.

After you run the setup utility, reboot the switch. The following figures show sample output from the setup utility. This

example uses the default values.

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Figure 2 Setup utility example one

Setup utility 23

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Figure 3 Setup utility example two

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Figure 4 Setup utility example three

Secure and nonsecure protocols 25

Secure and nonsecure protocols

The following table describes the secure and nonsecure protocols the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 supports.

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Table 5 Secure and nonsecure protocols for IPv4

Nonsecure protocols

FTP and TFTP Disabled SCP Disabled

Telnet Disabled

SNMPv1, SNMPv2 Enabled

Rlogin Disabled Secure SHell (SSH) v1, v2 Disabled

Default status

Equivalent secure protocols

Secure SHell (SSH) v1, v2 Nortel recommends that you use SSHv2 instead of SSHv1.

SNMPv3 You must load the DES/AES image on the switch to use SNMPv3.

No equivalent

Default status

Disabled

Enabled

ATTENTION

HTTP Disabled

Nortel recommends that you do not use this protocol due to the risk to the security of your network.

Password encryption

Beginning in Release 4.1, the switch stores passwords in encrypted format and no longer in the configuration file.

ATTENTION

If you load a configuration file saved prior to Release 3.7.6, saved passwords from the configuration file are not recognized. If you boot the switch for the first time with the software Release 3.7.6 or higher image, the switch resets the password to default values and generates a log, which indicates the changes.

For security reasons, Nortel recommends that you configure the passwords to values other than the factory defaults.

Management port

You must assign an IP address to the management port before you can use it for out-of-band (OOB) management. In a switch with redundant 8691or 8692 modules, each management port uses a specific IP address. In addition, you can create a virtual management port with an IP address available to the master management module.

The master management module replies to all management requests sent to the virtual IP address, and to requests sent to the management port IP address. If the master management module fails and the backup management module takes over, the virtual management port IP address continues to provide management access to the switch.

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Management port 27

The following lists provides configuration considerations.

•

You can configure the standby IP to a subnet other than that of the master IP using Device Manager only. Attempts to do so using CLI or NNCLI will generate a warning message.

• If you use Device Manager, you can configure the standby IP to a

different subnet than the master IP, and you do not receive a warning message.

Static IP entry for the OOB network management interface

The following figure shows the OOB network management port default IP assignment.

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Figure 5 OOB network management port default IP flowchart

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The switch first checks for the file pcmboot.cfg, in Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA). If not found, the switch checks for the file boot.cfg in flash.

ATTENTION

If you use the boot configuration file from PCMCIA, you must rename the file to pcmboot.cfg The boot.cfg file is no longer saved in PCMCIA. The file is saved only in flash.

Web management

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 includes a Web management interface you can use to monitor your switch through a Web browser from anywhere on your network. The Web interface supports many of the same monitoring features as the Device Manager software.

For information about configuration requirements and instructions to install the help files, to enable the Web server using Device Manager, and to access the Web interface, see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 User Interface Fundamentals, NN46205-308.

Device Manager 29

Device Manager

Device Manager is an SNMP-based graphical user interface (GUI) tool designed to manage single devices. To use Device Manager, you must connect to a management station running Device Manager in one of the supported environments.

For information about Device Manager installation and startup, see

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 User Interface Fundamentals, NN46205-308.

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