Nokia N-Gage Service Manual 06 nem 4 troubleshooting

Nokia Customer Care

NEM-4 Series Transceivers

6 - Troubleshooting Instructions

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Table of Contents

Page No

Introduction to NEM-4 Troubleshooting....................................................................... 5

General guidelines for NEM-4 Troubleshooting ........................................................... 5

Tools needed for troubleshooting ................................................................................5

General guidelines .......................................................................................................5

Nominal current consumption .....................................................................................6

Troubleshooting Paths.................................................................................................... 7

Dead or jammed device ...............................................................................................7

Partially damaged device .............................................................................................8

Most common symptoms reported by customer ..........................................................8

ASIC is changed ..........................................................................................................9

Test points ....................................................................................................................9

“CONTACT SERVICE” on display ..........................................................................12

Baseband HW Subarea Troubleshooting..................................................................... 13

Flashing troubleshooting ...........................................................................................13

ADSP flashing troubleshooting .................................................................................15

Energy management troubleshooting ........................................................................16

Audio troubleshooting ...............................................................................................33

Headset troubleshooting ............................................................................................37

Memory troubleshooting ...........................................................................................39

MMC troubleshooting ...............................................................................................40

VIBRA .......................................................................................................................43

ZOCUS ......................................................................................................................44

UI Troubleshooting...................................................................................................... 44

UI troubleshooting cases ............................................................................................44

Keymat backlight .......................................................................................................45

Keyboard ....................................................................................................................46

Display blank .............................................................................................................47

Backlight does not turn on .........................................................................................48

FM Radio Troubleshooting.......................................................................................... 49

FM radio component layout .......................................................................................49

FM radio troubleshooting diagram ............................................................................51

Diagrams of FM radio signals ..............................................................................53

RF Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................... 55

Abbreviations in fault finding charts .........................................................................55

Introduction ................................................................................................................56

RF key component placement ...................................................................................57

RF measurement points .............................................................................................58

RF in General............................................................................................................... 62

RF Power Supply Configuration.................................................................................. 64

Receiver ....................................................................................................................... 65

General instructions for RX troubleshooting .............................................................65

Receiver fault finding ................................................................................................70

Rx signal paths ...........................................................................................................72

Transmitter................................................................................................................... 75

General instructions for EGSM TX troubleshooting .................................................75

TX path of the transmitted EGSM900 signal ............................................................82

General instructions for GSM1800/1900 TX Troubleshooting .................................86

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DCS 1800/PCS 1900 Tx fault finding flow chart ......................................................86

Path of the transmitted GSM1800/1900 signal ..........................................................87

Fault finding chart for GSM1800/GSM1900 transmitter ..........................................89

NEM-4 Synthesizer...................................................................................................... 91

General instructions for synthesizer troubleshooting ................................................91

26 MHz reference oscillator (VCXO) .......................................................................94

VCO ...........................................................................................................................94

Fault finding chart for PLL synthesizer .....................................................................95

PLL block diagram ....................................................................................................96

PLL power supply ......................................................................................................97

Frequency lists .........................................................................................................100

Phoenix Tuning.......................................................................................................... 103

RF tuning after repairs .............................................................................................103

RX calibration (incl. VCXO calibration) .................................................................103

RX AGC limits ........................................................................................................108

RX band filter response compensation ....................................................................109

TX power tuning ......................................................................................................117

TX I/Q tuning ..........................................................................................................119

Bluetooth troubleshooting .......................................................................................133

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Introduction to NEM-4 Troubleshooting

This document is intend to be a guide for localizing and repairing electrical faults in the NEM-4 device. First there is a brief guide for fault localizing. Then fault repairing is divided into Troubleshooting paths.

Before any service operation you must be familiar with the NEM-4 product and module level architecture. You have to also be familiar with the NEM-4 specified service tools such as the Phoenix service software, flashing tools and software.

General guidelines for NEM-4 Troubleshooting

Tools needed for troubleshooting

• Service tools (as listed at service tools chapter in service manual)

• Laboratory power supply with current indicator

• Oscilloscope

• Digital multimeter

General guidelines

If the device cannot be turned on by any means, see “dead device” trouble shooting

Current consumption (missing consumption) gives an idea whether the device is able to start up.

Dropping supply voltage or very large current consumption indicates a short circuit

Check whether the connection with Phoenix works and what can be discovered with Phoenix (ADC-readings, baseband selftest, bb-calibrations etc.)

Check baseband selftests with Phoenix if “CONTACT SERVICE” is shown on the display.

Check visually display and rocker faults

Force phone to LOCAL mode and make keyboard test by phoenix

Check that board-to-board connector is OK, and connectors make good contacts.

If liquid damage, stop repairing!

Flash phone before disassembling it if fault is not obvious and Phoenix connection is OK.

Disassemble phone:

Check failed module visually:

Mechanical damages?

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Solder joints OK?

Continue with specific trouble shooting procedure for the module:

If there is an obvious fault, repair it before reflashing the device

Flash first if a fault is not obvious

If flashing is not working go to flashing trouble shooting

Due to CSP packages short circuits or broken solder joints are not easily seen. If the examined signal seems to be continuously in low or high level, then measure for possible short circuit to ground (signal low) or to supply voltage (signal high) Note that if a problem is not found from any visible contact/component it can be under CSPs where the signal is connected.

Care must be taken when assembling and disassembling the transceiver. Failure to do this may result in unnecessary damage to device.

Nominal current consumption

NOTE: Service tools need some amount of current to work.

The following current consumption values are measured from a complete NEM-4.

Vbatt = 3.6V

Measured nominal currents are drawn from the main battery.

Measurements have been made with a current probe connected to an oscilloscope.

Operating Mode Current Consumption

Idle 5mA

2W audio call 350mA (LOCAL MODE)

MP3 playback nominal 80mA

FM-radio playback nominal 25mA

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Troubleshooting Paths

Dead or jammed device

Disassemble

Check UI

connector

display

Replace

UI module

display

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Partially damaged device

If the device is working, but some functionality is missing try to localize where the problems is and see relevant part of this manual. E.g audio is not working see “Audio Troubleshooting” , if charging is not working see chapter Charging Troubleshooting etc.

Most common symptoms reported by customer

In this chapter is described most common symptoms reported by customers when the device is brought in for service. Some tips where the trouble can be found are given also. When Troubleshooting use these tips and follow the given Troubleshooting path.

Most common symptoms for audio problems

“Earpiece sound is missing”

”Headset is not recognized”

”Microphone is not working”

”Volume cannot be adjusted”

”Ringing tones does not work”

”Audio volume too low”

“Radio does not work”

“IHF sound is missing”

“Headset sound is missing”

“MP3/AAC play does not work”

If the symptom is something like above, see audio Troubleshooting.

Most common symptoms for USB and BT problems

“Bluetooth does not work or a connection can not be established”

“USB connection does not work or PC cannot find device”

If symptoms are something like above, follow USB or Bluetooth Troubleshooting guidelines.

Symptoms related to energy management

“Phone does not stay on” ”Charging is not working” ”Time is lost during battery change” ”Charging takes too long” ”Operating time is very short”

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These symptoms lead to relevant part of energy management Troubleshooting

Problems related to UI:

“Keypad is not working” ”Backlight is dim” ”Backlight not even” ”Backlight is blinking” ”Keypad or display backlight is not working” ”Display related problems”

“Rocker is not working”

Most common RF related symptoms:

“Call cannot be made” ”Phone does not find signal” ”Call is often dropped” See RF Troubleshooting.

ASIC is changed

ASIC’s can be changed only at a defined service level.

UEM changed

If UEM is changed baseband calibrations should be made. New IMEI must be programmed also. ZOCUS calibration is not necessary.

UPP_WD2 changed

IMEI must be reprogrammed.

ZOCUS changed

Zocus must be re-calibrated

Test points

Test Point

J128 GPIO1 (WD2->ADSP)

Signal description

Table 1: Test points in Baseband area

J129 GPIO0 (ADSP->WD2)

J904 VCOREA enable (N261 EN, UEMRST)

J900 VHPA enable (N266 EN, GENIO14)

J901 VAUD (N265 EN, GENIO25)

J903 VAUX2 enable (N264 EN, GENIO16)

J218 GENTest0

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Test Point

J004 N330 (Boomer) _SHUTDOWN (from WD2 GENIO8)

J906 ADSP S11 (WD2->ADSP through UEM level shifter

J907 ADSP S13 (ADSP->WD2 through UEM level shifter

J558 ADSP CLKR0 (BCLK_OUT) to AIC

J559 ADSP DR0 (DIGITAL_AUDIO_IN) from AIC

J560 ADSPDX0 (DIGITAL_AUDIO_OUT) to AIC

J561 ADSP FSX0 (LRC_OUT) to AIC

J562 ADSP C1 (ADSP Flash OE#)

J563 ADSP C2 (ADSP Flash WE#)

J567 ADSP C3 (ADSP Flash CE1#)

J312 FLASH _CE (D310)

J315 FLASH CLK (D310, D311, D313)

Signal description

IRLEDC)

IRRXN)

J311 FLASH _CE (D311)

J313 FLASH _CE (D313)

J197 GPIO13 (Keyboard matrix ROW0)

J196 GPIO12 (Keyboard matrix ROW1)

J179 GPIO16 (Keyboard matrix COL4)

J116 GPIO30 (Keyboard matrix COL5)

J119 GPIO15 (Keyboard matrix ROW3)

J118 GPIO14 (Keyboard matrix ROW2)

J176 GPIO18 (Keyboard matrix ROW5)

J175 GPIO17 (Keyboard matrix ROW4)

J177 GPIO10 (Keyboard matrix COL2)

J178 GPIO11 (Keyboard matrix COL3)

J117 GPIO8 (Keyboard matrix COL0)

J180 GPIO9 (Keyboard matrix COL1)

J181 GENIO1 (ROCKER1)

J145 GENIO2 (ROCKER2)

J182 GENIO10 (ROCKER3)

J194 GENIO28 (MUSIC PL KEY)

J184 GENIO11 (ROCKER5)

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Test Point

J183 GENIO13 (ROCKER4)

J912 LCD signal

J185 LCD signal

J186 LCD signal

J187 LCD signal

J188 LCD signal

J189 LCD signal

J190 LCD signal

J191 LCD signal

J113 LCD signal

J114 LCD signal

J905 UEM DLIGHT (Display LED driver control)

J404 SIM Data

Signal description

J405 SIM Clock

J406 SIM Reset

J913 MMC CMD

J914 MMCDAT0

J577 N470 Dir3

J579 N470 Dir2

J576 N470 A1

J578 N470 A3

J593 N470 A2

J910 N470 EN2

J911 N470 EN1

J568 USB PU ?

J569 USB D+

J575 USB D-

J398 VBAT (After current sense monitor) R382

J902 N301Zint

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“CONTACT SERVICE” on display

CONTACT SERVICE on display (Self-tests by Phoenix)

Display information: “Contact Service”

This fault means that software is able to run and thus the watchdog of UEM can be served.

Selftest functions are executed when the phone is powered on and if one or more selftest functions fail, the message “Contact Service” is shown on the display.

MCU selftest cases can be split into two categories: The ones that are executed during power up and the ones that are executed only with a PC connected. These test and the items included are as follows:

If some selftest is failed, see relevant chapter in this Troubleshooting document.

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Baseband HW Subarea Troubleshooting

Flashing troubleshooting

NEM-4 has three memory components installed on the main pwb. The best indication of which one is causing problems can be obtained by flashing the device. It has to be kept in mind that all three flashes are interfaced with UPP WD2 asic that might it self have some problems. The necessary steps are described below. Phoenix error messages during flashing greatly help on defining what is wrong. To be able to flash the device, most device BB area components must function properly.

Flashing

faults

The phone does not set Flashbus

TXD line high

after startup

The phone does

not set the

flashbus TXD

line low after the

startup

Memory

faults page

Yes

Measure BSI

pulse during

flash

programming

Is it ok?

Yes

Measure

FBUSTX line

during flash

programming is

it 1.8V?

Yes

Check connections Check BB voltages Check clocks Change UEM

Check BSI line

Battery connector, flex,

Battery connector,

C239, Z383, R384

C226, R220 and R385

Change

UEM

Change UPP

WD2

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Memory

faults

page2

"Secondary

receive fail" or

"Algorithm send

failed"

messa

Prommer

message about

sdram failure?

manufacturer ID

and device ID

Wrong

Yes

Change UPP_WD2

Activity in SDRAM

Activity in sdram

Clk J314 pad?

clk J108 pad?

Change UPP_WD2

Change Flash Chip

according to Phoenix

messages If both chips report wrong ID's -> change UPP_WD2

Yes

Change SDRAM

Yes

Voltages

VmemA and

Vio OK?

VioA ok?

troubles

"Flash informs

about a failure"

during flashing

Retest

ADSP Flashing

Yes

Check flash0 bypass caps, check Vpp connection to flasher, Check

Vpp resistor(4.7k)

Vpp resistor (R314, 4.7k)

Ok->Change flash0

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ADSP flashing troubleshooting

ADSP flash environment consists of ADSP, ADSP flash, EMIF (external memory interface), communication interfaces (USB and UPP/UEM), ADSP flash protecting control and power supplies for ADSP and ADSP flash.

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Energy management troubleshooting

Device does not stay on

If the device is switched off without any visible reason, there may be problems in the following areas:

• UEM watchdog problem (WD is not updated by SW)

• BSI line problem (BSI line is floating => contact failure)

• Battery line problem

• Soldering problem

The most likely reason is UEM WD (watchdog), which turns the device off after about 32 seconds if SW is jammed.

This may caused by SW problem, UPP_WD2 problem (Not server by SW), UEM or memory malfunctions.

The following tests are recommended:

• General power checking

• Clocks

•Memory testing

• Serial Interface

If there is something wrong in BSI line, the device seems to be dead after the power key is pressed. However the regulators of the device are on a few seconds before the powerdown.

This mode can easily be detected from the current consumption of the device. After a few seconds the current consumption drops almost to 0 mA.

In this case check component or soldering

• Battery connector X381 EMI-filter R385 UEM D190 (pin number C2)

If phone boots to TEST or LOCAL mode with normal battery, BSI is short circuited to ground. Check EMI-filter and filtering capacitors, which are located to BSI.

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General power checking

Use service tool FLA-41R. Battery voltage should be at least 3.6V. After phone disassembly, use module jig MJS-8Q.

Short circuit in Vbatt1-3,

VBATHF or BT voltage lines. Try to

Vbattbb or Vbattihf lines. Try to

find short circuit. Check

components which are able to

short cuircuit these lines,

(filtering components etc.)

Vbatt1-3, Vbatbb,

BT voltage meas.

Vbattihf meas. from

C301, C302 & C313

VBATHF,

R433

PURX (J125)

1.8V?

Check Vcorea

and Vmema

voltages, OK?

See next page

Check sleep

J123

clock (J124)

32.768Khz?

Meas. from C197, OK?

Check B190,

C196, C197

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VCOREA troubleshooting

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VMEMA troubleshooting

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Audio power troubleshooting

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Clocks troubleshooting

Clocks include the following:

RF-clock ADSP Clock DBUS, CBUS clocks Flash and SDRAM clocks Sleep clock Bluetooth clock SIM clock MMC clock

NEM-4 has three external oscillators for baseband clocking. The main clock is generated by 26MHz oscillator (B601) and routed through Mjoelner RF ASIC to UPP_WD2 engine ASIC. Sleep Clock is generated by 32kHz oscillator to UEM, which then supplies it to UPP_WD2, Bluetooth module and FM radio chip. The third oscillator generates 12MHz clock for ADSP and AIC. UPP_WD2 uses the system clock to generate various clocks for different purposes

12MHz Oscillator

VCXO 26MHz

Mjoelner

SysClk

Bluetooth

Audio Clock

Amadeus

Audio Codec

RFClk

RFBusClk

Figure 1: Clock diagram.

Buffer

MMC Clock

UPPWD2 UEM

SDRClk

Flash Clock

MMC

RFConvClock

SIM Clock

DBus Clock

Sleep Clock

Nectar

CBus Clock

FM Clock

SIM Clock

SDRAM

SIMZocusFlash

System clock can be measured from the lower pad of capacitor C171. This clock should be running when phone is on.

In SLEEP mode the VCXO is off. UEM generates low frequency clock signal (32.768 kHz) that is fed to UPP_WD2, Bluetooth and ZOCUS.

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When the flashing of the device does not succeed, but powering is OK, follow these instructions.

Note: The absence of clocks may indicate that the device (put phone to LOCAL mode when the sleep is not allowed or press buttons so that phone is not in sleep mode) is in sleep mode. Make sure that the device is not in sleep during clocks measuring.

IMPORTANT: Clock signals have to be measured with 1MΩ (or greater) probes!

Measure signal from J170. This should be 26Mhz clock signal. See RF Troubleshooting for further information.

Check the crystal oscillator (B190) is oscillating at 32.768kHz frequency. If not change B190. If ok, measure SleepClk from test point from capacitor C521. Frequency should be the same 32.678kHz (see Figure 2, “Sleep clock,” on page 22 below.) If not change UEM.

Figure 2: Sleep clock

ADSP Clock (12MHz sine wave) can be measured from oscillator B550.

Charging checking

Use the BL5-C battery and JBV-1/MJF-26 calibration set to test charging. (NOTE: power supply cannot be charged if it not has a current sinking capability.) When you are charging totally empty battery, remember that start-up charging might take a little bit longer time than normal. During this time display is blank.

If charger is not NMP approved type and its current and voltage is not within NMP charger window then software does not start charging and there is “NOT CHARGING” on the display. Voltage should be between 5.3V - 9.5V and current between 200mA –

(Capacitor C521)

(Testpoint J124)

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900mA

Remove and reconnect battery and charger few times before you start to measure device. This check ensures that the fault really exists.

(Refer to “Charging Troubleshooting”)

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Figure 3: Charging Troubleshooting

Phoenix and JBV1/MJF26

Check BL5-C, Btemp, BSI,

X606, R385, R404

X381,

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Nothing

happens

ACP-12

when ACP-2 is connected

Measure Vchar

at C384. Is it

at C388 and C387. Is it

>3.0Vdc?

Replace

Replace R191

R190/Z190 and

and retest

retest.

F381,

Check F380, TVS,

V383 and L381.

V381 and L380

Check R191

Check R191,

and Z190.

is it OK?

Are they ok?

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Energy management calibration

During energy management calibration A/D-converter, BSI, Btemp, Battery voltage, Charger voltage and Charger current are calibrated.

Limits for calculated calibration values are as follows:

Channel Low High

ADC Offset -50 50

ADC Gain 26000 29500

BSI Gain 860 1180

Vbatt Offset 2400 2600

Vbatt Gain 10000 11000

Vchar 57000 63000

Ichar 3600 5000

ADC-offset over limits: Inspect BSI line and components in it (R385, Pull-up resistor R220). If these are OK, change UEM.

BSI Gain over limits: Inspect BSI line and components in it (R385, Pull-up resistor R220). If these are OK, change UEM.

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Vbatt offset and Gain: Inspect Vbatt lines and component in it.

Vchar over limits: Inspect components which are connected Vchar line: V383, F381 and L381

Ichar over limits: Inspect components which are connected at Vchar line. If those are OK, First change current sense resistor (R191), if calibration is not still successful change UEM.

Calibration can be checked using ADC-readings. Known voltages, currents and resistances are fed and read by ADC-readings, read values and known values can be compared.

ADC-reading

Divided and scaled battery voltage, Charger voltage, Charger current, BSI and Btemp values can be read by this tool. Read values few times before you can be sure that results are accurate.

NOTE: IF Vbatt Scaled and Divided unit results are different default calibration values are used. In this case perform EM-calibration to get full performance of phone.

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Maximum tolerances are:

Reading Check point Tolerance

Vbatt SCAL

Vchar 8.4V ± 40mV

Ichar 500mA ± 20mA

BSI 75k ± 1.3kohm

Btemp 273K(47k) ± 5K

4.2V ± 25mV

Backup battery

Symptom of backup battery fault is

Real Time Clock loses the correct time during short main battery removal.

The same symptom can also be seen when the backup battery is empty. About 30 minutes is needed to fully charge the backup battery in the device. NOTE: Backup battery is charged when the phone is powered or when the device is LOCAL or TEST mode.

Always check the backup battery visually for any leakage or any other visual defect.

Check that the backup battery is correctly mounted in the device before closing the cover.

Check with Phoenix that backup battery is OK

Measure the voltage of backup battery

• Normal operation when the voltage is > 2.0V

• Fully charged when the voltage is about 3.2V (because of large internal impedance voltage won’t stay above 3.0V a long time after charging is disabled)

Enable backup battery charging (start to charge main battery or boot device to LOCAL or TEST mode)

Measure voltage of backup battery during charging, It should arise if it is not 3.2V, yet.

When the voltage is over 2.0V for sure, check backup battery with Phoenix.

-> In not OK then D190 is faulty.

Ensure that the RTC is running.

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SIM card

The whole SIM interface locates in two chips UPP_WD2 and UEM. UEM contains the SIM interface logic level shifting. UPP provides SIMClk through UEM to the SIM. SIM interface supports both 3 V and 1.8 V SIMs.

UPP & UEM SIM connections

GND

UPP

SIM

C5 C6 C7

C1C2C3

BSI line from battery

SIMCLK

SIMRST

SIMDATA

VSIM

BSI

GND

UEM

SIMIF register

SIMIO SIMClk

Data

UEM digital logic

SIMIO

SIMClk

Data

UIF Block

UEMInt

CBusDa

CBusEnX

CBusClk

The SIM power up/down sequence is generated in the UEM. This means that the UEM generates the RST signal to the SIM. Also the SIMCardDet signal is connected to UEM. The card detection is taken from the BSI signal, which detects the removal of the battery. Monitoring of the BSI signal is done by a comparator inside UEM. The threshold voltage is calculated from the battery size specifications.

The SIM interface is powered up when the SIMCardDet signal indicates ”card in”. This signal is derived from the BSI signal. SW tries first to power up the SIM with 1.8 V. If this doesn't succeed power up is repeated with VSIM switched to 3 V.

The data communication between the card and the phone is asynchronous half duplex. The clock supplied to the card is in GSM system 1.083 MHz or 3.25 MHz. The data baudrate is SIM card clock frequency divided by 372 (by default), 64, 32 or 16.

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Figure 4: SIM Power Up.

Ch1 Vsim Ch2 Reset Ch3 Clock Ch4 I/O

Measured with 3Vsim

Figure 5: SIM answer to reset.

SIM answer to reset

CH1 = SIM_CLK CH2 = SIM_RST CH3 = SIM_I/O CH4 = SIM_PWR

Measure points SIM connector

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