Nokia BTS2500E User Manual

Section 8 FCC ID: PHX-BTS2500E
Users Manual IC: 4022A-BTS2500E

Section 8

Users Manual

NextNet Wireless, Inc.
9555 James Ave. South Suite 270
Bloomington, MN 55431 Page 8-1 of 127 5/4/2006

®

Configuring, Installing, and
Using Carrier Infrastructure

Broadband Wireless Access System

Part Number: 104-0300-0004-01

i

BaseConnect, Expedience, NetProvision, and ProvisionLink are trademarks of NextNet Wireless, Inc.
©2000-2006 NextNet Wireless, Inc. All rights reserved. Revision 4_3_B

WARNING: This equipment has been tested with a 19 dBi gain antenna and found to comply with FCC and

Industry Canada guidelines for Radio Frequency Radiation Exposure Limits as detailed below. For a single
base 5 watt transmitter connected to the antenna, a minimum of 2 meters or 6.5 feet of separation between
the antenna and all persons must be maintained. The minimum separation increases when additional base
transmitting signals are combined and applied to the same antenna. Four base 5 watt transmitters combined
to use a single antenna need a minimum separation of 4 meters or 13 feet from all persons.

Radio Frequency Radiation Exposure Limits.

TABLE 1. Limits for Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE)

Frequency range
(MHz)

0.3-3.0 614 1.63 *(100) 6

3.0-30 1842/f 4.89/f

30-300 61.4 0.163 1.0 6

300-1500 — — f/300 6

1500-100,000 — — 5 6

0.3-1.34 614 1.63 *(100) 30

1.34-30 824/f 2.19/f

30-300 27.5 0.073 .2 30

300-1500 — — f/1500 30

1500-100,000 — — 1.0 30

Electric field­strength (V/m)

(A) Limits for Occupational/Controlled Exposures

(B) Limits for General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure

Magnetic field­strength (A/m)

Power density
(mW/cm 2)

2

*(900/f

)

2

)

*(180/f

Averaging time
(minutes)

6

30

f = frequency in MHz
* = Plane-wave equivalent power density

NOTE 1 TO TABLE 1: Occupational/controlled limits apply in situations in which persons are exposed as a
consequence of their employment provided those persons are fully aware of the potential for exposure and can
exercise control over their exposure.

Limits for occupational/controlled exposure also apply in situations when an individual is transient through a
location where occupational/controlled limits apply provided he or she is made aware of the potential for
exposure.

NOTE 2 TO TABLE 1: General population/uncontrolled exposures apply in situations in which the general
public may be exposed, or in which persons that are exposed as a consequence of their employment may not
be fully aware of the potential for exposure or can not exercise control over their exposure.

Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy, and, if not installed and used in accordance with the installation
manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential
area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to correct the interference at
their own expense.

This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

ii

TABLE 2. Technical Information

Transmitting power .001 watts to 2 watts

.001 watts to 5 watts (high power option)

Operating voltage 48 Vdc or 85-264 Vac, 47-63 Hz with optional

Frequency band 2496 - 2690 MHz TX/RX

Frequency stability ±1.0 ppm

Channel bandwidth 5.5 or 6 MHz

Modulation Orthogonal frequency division multiplex

Transmission Time division duplex/time division multiplex

external power supply.

THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL
ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE
PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRENTY OF ANY KIND. USERS MUST TAKE FULL
RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCT.

NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND
SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH ALL FAULTS. NEXTNET WIRELESS DISCLAIMS ALL
WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR
ARISING FOM A COUSRE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE.

IN NO EVENT SHALL NEXTNET WIRELESS OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING,
WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OF DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF
THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF NEXTNET WIRELESS HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

NextNet Wireless, Inc. recommends the antennas listed on the next page for base station installations:

iii

Front to

Depth

Width /

Antenna

Cross Pol.

Back

Special

Windage

(in)

(in)

Diameter

Length (in)

(lbs)

Weight

Disc. (dB)

(dB)

Ratio

Characteristics

mph

mph

mph

mph

mph

mph

mph

mph

mph

mph

mph

mph

mph

30 30 8.5 3 5.8 5.5 4.7 86 lbs @ 125

30 30 8.5 3 5.8 5.5 4.7 86 lbs @ 125

30 30 8.5 3 5.8 5.5 4.7 86 lbs @ 125

30 30 8.5 3 5.8 5.5 4.7 86 lbs @ 125

30 30 8.5 3 5.8 5.5 4.7 86 lbs @ 125

down tilt

down tilt

down tilt

down tilt

down tilt

Elevation

(Degrees)

Beamwidth

Azimuth

2 GHz Vertically Polarized Antennas

Beamwidth

Gain

Manufacturer Frequency (MHz)

Model / Part

(Degrees)

(dBi)

Number

Stella Doradus 2500-2700 15.8 92 9 null fill / 1º

Stella Doradus 2500-2700 16.2 90 7 null fill / 2º

Stella Doradus 2500-2700 15.7 92 9 null fill / 3º

Stella Doradus 2500-2700 15.8 91 8 null fill / 4º

Stella Doradus 2500-2700 15.5 90 9.5 null fill / 5º

SUS1

T2

SUS3

T4

SUS5

Part Number

N e x t N e t W ir el es s

501-1009-2301 24SD9890NV Stella Doradus 2300-2500 16 90 7 null fill

501-1002-2701 26SD98120NV Stella Doradus 2500-2700 15 120 7 null fill 21 30 8.5 35.8 5.5 5.3 86 lbs @ 125

501-1006-2701 26SD9860NV Stella Doradus 2500-2700 17.5 60 7 null fill 40 30 8.75 35.8 5.5 4.7 86 lbs @ 125

501-1009-2701 26SD9890NV Stella Doradus 2500-2700 16 90 7 null fill 35 35 8.6 35.8 5.5 4.7 86 lbs @ 125

501-1009-2791 26SD9890NV-

501-1009-2792 26SD9890NV-

501-1009-2793 26SD9890NV-

501-1009-2794 26SD9890NV-

501-1009-2795 26SD9890NV-

501-3004-2601 25SD2360 Stella Doradus 2500-2700 10 360 9 Omni N/A 26 2.86 43.3 1.9 -- 100 lbs @ 125

-- 26SD9005V Stella Doradus 2500-2700 19 90 5 -- 34 20 35.3 63.0 9.1 5.5 237 lbs @ 125

-- 26SD9007VN Stella Doradus 2500-2700 19 90 7.5 null fill 35.3 63.0 9.1 5.5 237 lbs @ 125

-- 26SD12005V Stella Doradus 2500-2700 18 120 5 -- 40 28 35.3 63.0 9.1 5.5 237 lbs @ 125

-- TA-2550 TIL-TEK 2500-2700 10 360 8 omni N/A 20 15 48.0 2.3 -- 31 lbs @ 125

iv

Depth

Width /

Length

Antenna

Cross Pol.

Front to

Special

Windage

(in)

(in)

Diameter

(in)

Weight (lbs)

Disc. (dB)

(dB)

Back Ratio

Characteristics

Windage

mph

Depth

Width /

Diameter

Length

Weight

Antenna

Cross Pol.

Front to

Back Ratio

Special

(in)

(in)

Disc. (dB)

Characteristics

(in)

(lbs)

(dB)

mph

mph

mph

mph

135 mph

(L/M/H)

Elevation

(Degrees)

Beamwidth

2 GHz Horizontally Polarized Antennas

Azimuth

(L/M/H)

(Degrees)

Beamwidth

(L/M/H)

Gain (dBi)

(MHz)

Frequency

Model / Part

2500-2700 19 90 5 -- 32 28 35.3 63 9.1 5.5 237 lbs @ 125

Manufacturer

Number

(L/M/H)

Elevation

(Degrees)

Beamwidth

3 GHz Vertically Polarized Antennas

dus

Azimuth

Beamwidth

Gain (dBi)

Model / Part

(Degrees)

(L/M/H)

Manufacturer Frequency

Number

(L/M/H)

3300-3400 13.4 360 5 Omni N/A 25 5.72 42.1 1.9 -- 22 lbs @ 135

3300-3600 15 120 7 null fill 25 30 5.4 28 5.4 5.3 67 lbs @ 125

3300-3600 17.5 60 7 null fill 33 30 6.5 28 5.5 4.7 67 lbs @ 125

3300-3600 16 90 7 null fill 35 35 5.4 28 5.5 4.7 67 lbs @ 125

3300-3600 13 360 6 Omni N/A 28 5.72 42.1 1.9 -- 4.95 lbs @

dus

dus

dus

dus

dus

NextNet

Wi r e l e s s

Part Number

-- 26SD9005H Stella Dora-

Part Number

N e x tN e t W i re l ess

501-3004-3301 33SD3360 Stella Dora-

501-1002-3401 35SD98120NV Stella Dora-

501-1006-3401 35SD9860NV Stella Dora-

501-1009-3401 35SD9890NV Stella Dora-

501-3004-3601 35SD3360 Stella Dora-

v

vi

C

HAPTER

0

C

ONTENTS

About this guide

Preface overview .................................................................. preface-xv

About this guide .................................................................. preface-xv

Chapters in this guide ............................................................. preface-xvi

Additional documentation ................................................. preface-xvii

Typographical conventions this guide uses ..................... preface-xviii

Where to go for more help ................................................ preface-xviii

Technical support .................................................................. preface-xviii

Documentation additions and corrections .............................preface-xviii

Introduction to backhaul installations

Chapter overview ..............................................................................1-1

System overview ................................................................................1-1

System overview .................................................................................. 1-1

Infrastructure overview ........................................................................ 1-2

Installation overview .........................................................................1-5

Installation steps common to RMB and BTS ...................................... 1-5

Planning the installation ..................................................................1-6

Choosing an installation location ......................................................... 1-7

Assessing network access provider equipment needs .......................... 1-8

Planning for the antennas and antenna installation tips ....................... 1-9

Designing the deployment of base stations .......................................... 1-9

Configuring network architecture

Chapter overview ............................................................................ 2-11

Architecture overview ..................................................................... 2-11

Configuring switches ......................................................................2-12

Configuring the switch at the cell site ............................................... 2-12

Configuring the head end switch ....................................................... 2-12

Configuring the ISP switch ................................................................ 2-12

Selecting backhaul links and circuits .............................................2-12

Selecting links based on maximum rate needed ................................ 2-12

Selecting links based on another rate ................................................. 2-12

Configuring the AP server

Chapter overview ............................................................................3-13

AP server overview .......................................................................... 3-13

Starting the AP server .....................................................................3-13

vii

Configuring the AP server ..............................................................3-14

Defining AP server users and administrators .................................... 3-14

Defining zone names ......................................................................... 3-18

Defining ISPs ..................................................................................... 3-20

Changing ISP information ................................................................. 3-21

Monitoring ISPs and base stations ..................................................... 3-23

Configuring a standby AP server

Chapter overview ............................................................................4-27

Standby AP server overview ............................................................4-27

Configuring the base station with standby AP server information 4-27

Setting up common configuration file and directory .........................4-28

Switching from the primary AP server to the secondary AP server .. 4-29

Configuring base stations

Chapter overview ............................................................................5-31

Before you begin .............................................................................5-31

Setting up connection methods used to configure base stations ..5-32

Setting up terminal emulation access ................................................. 5-32

Setting up Telnet access ..................................................................... 5-32

Setting up SNMP access ....................................................................5-33

Setting base station configuration parameters ...............................5-35

set airlink channel ............................................................................. 5-36

set airlink downlink power ................................................................ 5-36

set airlink downlink bias ...................................................................5-37

set system location ............................................................................. 5-39

set system name ................................................................................. 5-39

set airlink state ................................................................................... 5-39

Recommended parameter changes ................................................5-40

set system cell .................................................................................... 5-40

set system sector ................................................................................ 5-40

set DHCP state ...................................................................................5-40

Setting legacy and management VLAN IDs ...................................... 5-40

Setting up Syslog ............................................................................5-41

Configuring the authority that grants network access to CPEs ....5-42

Using base station caching feature for re-registering CPEs .............. 5-42

Remote authority: setting up the provisioning server to grant

CPEs network access ......................................................................... 5-42

Local authority: setting up the base station to grant CPEs

network access ................................................................................... 5-43

Configuring the time signal used by base stations ........................5-44

Configuring the GPS to supply the time signal ................................. 5-44

Configuring a base station to supply a time signal ............................ 5-44

viii Configuring, Installing, and Using Carrier Infrastructure

Installing the integral base transceiver station

Chapter overview ............................................................................6-49

Before you begin .............................................................................6-49

Cell wiring .......................................................................................6-50

Installation overview .......................................................................6-51

Installing the antenna and base station as a single unit ................6-52

Attaching antenna cable to base station ............................................. 6-53

Determining the degree of tilt for the antenna ................................... 6-53

Attaching lower antenna brackets to bolts on lower sides of antenna 6-56

Mounting the base station ..............................................................6-59

Mounting the base station to a wall ................................................... 6-59

Mounting the base station to a pole or tower ..................................... 6-60

Mounting the base station to a 19 inch rack ...................................... 6-66

Base station connectors ..................................................................6-67

Ethernet (data) and power connector .................................................6-67

TVS module connectors ..................................................................... 6-69

GPS connectors .................................................................................. 6-71

Serial interface connector .................................................................. 6-72

Antenna connector ............................................................................. 6-73

Connecting the antenna to the base station ...................................6-73

Antenna connection tips ..................................................................... 6-73

Connecting the antenna to the base station ........................................ 6-74

Connecting the GPS equipment to a base station .........................6-74

GPS equipment mounting tips ........................................................... 6-74

Connecting the GPS unit to the base station ...................................... 6-74

Connecting to the backbone network ............................................6-75

Grounding base stations .................................................................6-75

Powering base stations ...................................................................6-75

Powering tips ..................................................................................... 6-76

Powering the base station .................................................................. 6-76

Installing the rackmount base station (RMB)

Chapter overview ............................................................................7-77

Before you begin .............................................................................7-77

Installation overview .......................................................................7-78

Installing the mounting bracket and attaching cabinet to the

19-inch rack .....................................................................................7-79

Attaching the switch and power supply to the rack .......................7-80

Installing the RMBs into the cabinet .............................................7-80

Connecting RMBs to cell (cell wiring) ........................................... 7-81

ix

Connecting power to the RMBs .....................................................7-83

Powering the base station .................................................................. 7-83

Powering tips ..................................................................................... 7-84

Grounding the RMBs .....................................................................7-85

Turning on the RMB’s power ........................................................7-86

Base station connectors ..................................................................7-86

GPS connectors .................................................................................. 7-87

Power supply cable connections ........................................................7-87

Diagnostic cable DB9 connector pins ................................................ 7-88

Fuses and Ethernet cable connections on cabinet .............................. 7-88

Wiring alarms for RMBs .................................................................7-90

Connecting to the backbone network ............................................7-90

Testing and managing the network

Chapter overview ............................................................................8-93

Testing the setup overview .............................................................8-93

Installing the ISP’s provisioning server ............................................. 8-93

Ensuring CPE access to ISP VLAN .................................................. 8-94

Network management overview .....................................................8-94

Fault isolation overview ..................................................................... 8-94

Performance management overview .................................................. 8-95

Configuration management overview ................................................ 8-96

Accounting feature overview ............................................................. 8-96

GPS status codes

Appendix overview ........................................................................A-97

x Configuring, Installing, and Using Carrier Infrastructure

F

IGURES

About this guide
Introduction to backhaul installations

Rackmount base station (RMB) ...................................................................... 1-2

Rackmount base stations inside cabinet ........................................................1-3

Base station for indoor or outdoor installation ............................................ 1-4

Configuring network architecture
Configuring the AP server

AP server login page .......................................................................................3-14

Access Provider Management page .............................................................. 3-15

Configure page ................................................................................................3-16

Administrators page ........................................................................................ 3-17

New User page ................................................................................................3-18

Base Station Attributes page ..........................................................................3-19

ISP Management page ....................................................................................3-20

Create new ISP page .......................................................................................3-21

ISP details page ................................................................................................3-22

Exclude Zones page .......................................................................................3-23

Monitor ISPs - Base Stations page ...............................................................3-24

Base Station Properties page .........................................................................3-25

Configuring a standby AP server

Configuration files to share between primary and secondary AP servers 4-28

Configuring base stations
Installing the integral base transceiver station

Cell wiring diagram .........................................................................................6-50

Overview of entire antenna-to-BTS assembly ............................................6-52

Attaching antenna cable to base station ......................................................6-53

Brackets which help set antenna tilt .............................................................6-55

Bracket on antenna bolt ................................................................................. 6-56

Attaching L-shaped brackets to base station ..............................................6-56

Attaching antenna bracket to the L-shape bracket ....................................6-57

Attaching tilt guide bracket to the bracket on the antenna ...................... 6-57

Attaching tilt guide bracket to antenna bracket ..........................................6-58

Antenna brackets on bottom left and right sides of base station ............ 6-59

Base station mounting template ....................................................................6-60

Overview of entire BTS pole mounting bracket assembly ....................... 6-61

Location of bolts on the back of the base station ......................................6-62

Pole mounting clamps MP2 and MP 1 ........................................................6-63

Threaded rod assembly, top clamp ..............................................................6-64

MP2 top pole clamp, slots used to hang base station ...............................6-64

Base stations installed on rack .......................................................................6-66

Base station connectors ..................................................................................6-67

xi

Ethernet (data) and power connector ..........................................................6-68

Ethernet (data) and power connector ..........................................................6-68

TVS module connector: Base station connector ........................................6-70

TVS module connector: power/Ethernet connector ................................ 6-70

Connecting power cable to TVS module ....................................................6-71

GPS connector ................................................................................................ 6-71

Serial interface connector ...............................................................................6-73

Installing the rackmount base station (RMB)

Cabinet mounting bracket .............................................................................7-79

Location of switch and power supply in rack .............................................7-80

Cell wiring diagram .........................................................................................7-82

Power connections on bottom of cabinet ................................................... 7-84

Grounding the RMBs .....................................................................................7-85

RMB LEDs ......................................................................................................7-86

GPS connector ...............................................................................................7-87

Diagnostic cable: DB9 connector pins ........................................................7-88

Fuses and Ethernet cable connections on cabinet .....................................7-89

Removing fuse from cabinet .........................................................................7-89

External alarm connections ........................................................................... 7-90

Testing and managing the network
GPS status codes

xii Configuring, Installing, and Using Carrier Infrastructure

T

ABLES

About this guide

Chapters and appendices in the guide .............................................. preface-xvi

Additional documentation ................................................................ preface-xvii

Typographical conventions .............................................................preface-xviii

Contacting technical support .......................................................... preface-xviii

Introduction to backhaul installations

Advantages/disadvantages of location choices ............................................ 1-7

Recommended cable length ranges for 2.3 - 2.7 GHz ................................ 1-8

Recommended cable length ranges for 3.3 - 3.6 GHz ................................ 1-8

Configuring network architecture
Configuring the AP server

Create new ISP page .......................................................................................3-21

Configuring a standby AP server
Configuring base stations

Transmit power levels ..................................................................................... 5-36

Transmit power levels ..................................................................................... 5-37

Downlink rate based on modulation method ............................................. 5-38

Uplink data rate for 4-QAM modulation method ..................................... 5-38

Uplink data rate for 16-QAM modulation method ................................... 5-38

Uplink data rate for 64-QAM modulation method ................................... 5-38

Uplink data rate for 16-QAM lite modulation method ............................. 5-39

Methods used to grant CPEs access to ISPs’ VLANs ..............................5-42

Installing the integral base transceiver station

Ethernet/power base station cable choices ................................................6-68

Ethernet/power cable pins ............................................................................ 6-69

Function of wires in cable 597-6027-0xxx ..................................................6-69

GPS kits and cables ........................................................................................6-72

Daisy chain cable choices ...............................................................................6-72

Installing the rackmount base station (RMB)

Description of LEDs on the base station ...................................................7-86

Power cable pins .............................................................................................. 7-87

Testing and managing the network
GPS status codes

GPS status codes and meaning .................................................................... A-97

xiii

xiv Configuring, Installing, and Using Carrier Infrastructure

Preface overview

Thank you for choosing the Expedience™ system from NextNet Wireless. This guide
describes how to configure and install the system’s base transceiver station (BTS) and the
rack-mounted base stations system (RMB).

This preface describes:

• Audience for this guide

P REFACE

A

BOUT THIS GUIDE

• Additional documentation

• Typographical conventions used in this guide

• Where to go for more help

About this guide

This guide describes how to configure and install the system’s base station. It also describes
how to configure and work with the access provider (AP) server.

This guide is intended for network and system administrators who must install, configure, and
manage base stations and the AP server. This guide provides detailed configuration and
installation instructions.

It is assumed readers of this guide are familiar with:

• Basic networking concepts

• Layer 2 (link layer) of OSI model

• Cell structure engineering

xv

Chapters in this guide

Table i describes the chapters and appendices in this guide.

Table i Chapters and appendices in the guide

Chapter Description

Preface Provides an overview of the guide, related documentation,

Chapter 1 Introduction to
backhaul installations

Chapter 2 Configuring
network architecture

Chapter 3 Configuring the
AP server

Chapter 4 Configuring a
standby AP server

Chapter 5 Configuring base
stations

Chapter 6 Installing the
integral base transceiver
stations (I-BTS)

Chapter 7 Installing the
rackmount base station
(RMB)

Chapter 8 Testing and
managing the network

Appendix A GPS status
codes

Appendix B Supported
frequency ranges

the guide’s intended audience, typographical conventions,
and methods for obtaining technical support.

Provides an overview of the Expedience system and of the
system’s base station component. It provides an installation
overview and describes things you need to consider before
installing base stations.

Describes a simple network topology and provides an
overview of how to configure switches at the cell site, the
head end, and the ISP sites.

Describes how to configure and use the access provider (AP)
server.

Explains how to configure a standby AP server. The
network will use the standby server if the primary server
becomes unavailable.

Describes how to configure base stations, including how to
use Telnet or Term to set up a base station before deploying
it and mounting it to a tower or building. The chapter also
describes how to configure base stations after you have
deployed them, for example, to maintain the system and
optimize system performance.

Explains how to install a base station at a cell site. Also
describes the components used to mount the base station on
a building or tower.

Describes how to install the rackmount base station (RMB),
including installing the cabinet onto a 19 inch rack, installing
the power supply and switch, installing the RMB into the
base station cabinet and connecting the RMBs to the cell and
to cell-site components.

Explains how to work with the ISP to ensure the network is
installed and running correctly.

Describes the codes that the GPS can generate.

Provides reference information about the frequency ranges
in which the equipment can operate.

xvi Configuring, Installing, and Using Carrier Infrastructure

Additional documentation

If you cannot find the information you need in this guide, you may want to refer to the
documents described in Table ii.

Table ii Additional documentation

Guide Description

Getting Started with the
Expedience System

Configuring, Installing, and
Using Carrier Infrastructure

Using the NextNet
Operating System (NNOS)

Configuring and monitoring
the ISP network

Expedience Broadband
Wireless Access Modem

Installing the RSU Intended for use by your subscribers, this guide describes

Expedience NLOS
Outdoor Broadband
Wireless Access Modem

Provides an overview of the Expedience system, its
components, its network architecture, and options for
selecting a deployment scheme for the system in the service
provider (backbone) network.

This is the guide you are currently reading. Describes how to
set up and configure base stations, including how to connect
antenna systems, the backbone network equipment, and
global positioning system (GPS) equipment.

Also provides an overview of the AP server and how to
configure the AP server for your network.

Describes the NextNet operating system (NNOS), which is
the common operating system for the system’s base station
devices and customer premise equipment (CPE) devices.
This guide describes how you can configure the operating
system on devices by using commands issued from Telnet,
Terminal, or a Web interface.

Intended for use by an ISP. Provides an overview of the
Expedience system, its components, and its network
architecture. This guide describes how to install and
configure the ISP’s provisioning server. It describes how to
define service level agreements (SLAs).

Intended for use by your subscribers, this guide describes
how to install a RSU (that is, an indoor CPE) at a subscriber
site. Your subscribers can completely install the RSU.

The guide explains, in detail, how to connect the RSU to a
computer or to a network device. It explains system pre­requisites, and provides troubleshooting information.

This guide is available in electronic (pdf) format, on the
CD-ROM that accompanies the LinkMonitor software.

how to quickly install a RSU directly to a computer.

Intended for use by a professional installer, this guide
describes how to install an outdoor CPE.

xvii

Typographical conventions this guide uses

Table iii describes the typographical conventions that this guide uses.

Table iii Typographical conventions

Convention Meaning

Bold face If you are using a graphical user interface (GUI), bold face indicates a

button, menu option, icon, and so on, that you manipulate directly.
If you are using a command line interface, bold face indicates commands

and keywords.
Bold face can also indicate information that you must enter.

Italic face Arguments for which you supply values are in italic face.

Courier
(mono-spaced) font

[ ... ] Arguments that appear inside square brackets [ ], are optional.

{..} | {..} Required keywords are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars.

Note Notes contain helpful suggestions for the reader.

<...> Non-printing characters, such as passwords, appear in angle brackets.

Caution Cautions contain information about which the reader must exercise care.

Warning Warnings contain information about how readers might do something

A command you type in, exactly as it appears, at a command line.

Also, when the guide shows a system prompt, the default system prompt
appears inside square brackets.

resulting in harm to themselves or in damage to equipment or data.

Where to go for more help

This section describes how to obtain support for your NextNet Wireless product. It also
describes how to provide comments on the product documentation.

Technical support

NextNet Wireless is committed to providing our customers with high quality technical
support. Table iv describes how to contact technical support.

Table iv Contacting technical support

Contact Description

Phone [phone]

E-mail [e-mail]

Web site www.nextnetwireless.com

Documentation additions and corrections

If you find documentation errors, or want to see additional information not presented in this
guide, please contact our documentation group at the following e-mail address:

[e-mail]

xviii Configuring, Installing, and Using Carrier Infrastructure

Introduction to backhaul installations

Chapter overview

This chapter provides an overview of the Expedience system and of the system’s
infrastructure components:

• The base station, which comes in two forms:

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1

• The base transceiver station (BTS)

• The rackmount base station (RMB)

• The access provider (AP) server

• The network switches

The chapter provides an installation overview. It also describes things you need to consider
before installing base stations.

System overview

This section provides a brief overview of the Expedience system, as well as the infrastructure
that network access providers must install. For additional system overview information, refer
to the guide “Getting Started with the Expedience System.”

System overview

NextNet Wireless designed the Expedience system to give small office, home office (SOHO),
and residential subscribers high speed, wireless access to network communication systems,
such as the Internet. The Expedience system is an end-to-end broadband wireless access
system and operates in several frequency ranges.

The system was designed to allow network access providers to re-sell network bandwidth to
ISPs on a wholesale basis. In turn, the ISPs sell access to their subscribers on a retail basis. To
support multiple ISPs on the network, the system uses virtual LAN (VLAN) technology.

The system does not
CPEs. The air link between base stations and CPEs functions as an Ethernet bridge carrying
IP/ARP packets. Time division duplex (TDD) and cellular deployment offer you flexibility in
adjusting downlink versus uplink airtime.

have a line-of-sight (LOS) requirement between the base station and the

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Infrastructure overview

The base station and AP server are network infrastructure components supplied by NextNet
Wireless. The network access provider configures and maintains this equipment.

Additional infrastructure components include switches for use at the base station cell sites,
and the head-end switch. These switches are supplied by the network access provider. If
desired, the network access provider can purchase the switches through NextNet Wireless.

Base station overview

The base station maintains contact with CPEs at your subscribers’ sites. The base station
integrates the transceiver and modem into one device.

Under typical configurations, the base station covers an approximate radius of 2 to 3 miles,
with a 5 mile maximum. If desired, network access providers can configure their base stations
to cover a maximum radius of 18 miles. To cover up to 18 miles, the network access provider
enables the extended range feature.

There are two types of base stations offered by NextNet Wireless:

• An indoor-only base station that slides into a base station cabinet after the cabinet has
been installed on a standard 19 inch rack. This base station is known as the rackmount
base station (RMB).

• A base station that can be installed indoors or outdoors. This base station can be installed
on a tower, on a roof, on a wall, or on a rack. The antenna can be installed on the base
station itself, or the antenna can be installed separately. This base station is known as the
integral base transceiver station (BTS).

Figure 1.1 shows an individual RMB which will be installed inside a cabinet. This cabinet is
then installed on a standard 19 inch rack. Up to 8 RMBs can be installed inside a cabinet.

Figure 1.1 Rackmount base station (RMB)

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Figure 1.2 shows 8 RMBs installed inside the base station cabinet.

Figure 1.2 Rackmount base stations inside cabinet

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Figure 1.3 shows a base station that can be installed outdoors or indoors The figure shows the
antenna installed on the base station. If desired, you can install the antenna separately from
the base station.

Figure 1.3 Base station for indoor or outdoor installation

AP server overview

The AP server acts as a relay for the CPE registration events which arrive from base stations
(on the management VLAN) and are forwarded to the correct ISP provisioning server (over
the control VLAN).

The base stations each have a TCP/IP connection to the AP server. The base stations use
their connection to forward CPE registration requests to the AP server.

The AP server is provided by NextNet Wireless.

Head-end switch, base station cell site switch, and ISP
switch overview

The network access provider must supply switches for their network, which include the head­end switch and the switches used at the base station cell site. The network access provider

1-4 Configuring, Installing, and Using Carrier Infrastructure

must also assist their ISPs when the ISPs program their switches with the proper ISP VLAN
IDs.

The base stations are grouped together into cells, with between 1 and 6 base stations at a cell
site. (If the network access provider chooses to stack base stations, more than 6 base stations
can exist in a cell.) To form the base station LAN, the base stations are connected to a switch
at the cell site.

WAN links are then used to connect the cell sites to the head-end switch. The head-end
switch splits incoming traffic to the management VLAN and to the appropriate ISP VLAN.
The ISP then has a configured switch that controls traffic coming into and out of the ISP
VLANs.

Installation overview

This section provides a high-level overview of how to install the indoor, rackmount base
station (RMB), as well as the integral base transceiver stations (BTS) that can be installed
outdoors or indoors.

Installation steps common to RMB and BTS

1 Plan the installation of base stations:

a Choose an appropriate location for the base station installation. For more information,

refer to the section “Choosing an installation location” on page 1-7 in this chapter.

b Design the deployment of base stations. Determine how base stations will be deployed

by marking a location on a map that shows where each base station will be installed.
Also determine naming conventions for cells, sectors, zones, and base stations names.
For more information, refer to the section, “Designing the deployment of base
stations” on page 1-9.

2 Plan for system components that you need to supply to complete the network. For more

information, refer to the section “Assessing network access provider equipment needs” on
page 1-8 in this chapter.

3 Install and configure the access provider (AP) server. For more information, refer to

Chapter 3, “Installing the AP server,” in this guide.

4 On the AP server, configure zone names, VLAN IDs, and the ISP IDs. For more

information, refer to Chapter 3, “Installing the AP server,” in this guide.

5 Using the NextNet Operating System (NNOS), configure the base stations before

deploying them in the field. For more information, refer to the chapter “Configuring base
stations” in this guide.

RMB installation overview

This section provides a high-level overview of how to install the base station cabinet onto a
19 inch rack, and then how to install the base stations into the cabinet.

1 Slide the metal base station cabinet into the 19 inch rack.
2 Install the power supply onto the 19 inch rack.
3 Install the switch onto the 19 inch rack.
4 Slide each base station into the appropriate slot in the cabinet on the rack.
5 If you are using a 5 watt base station, install the 5 watt channel specific filter.
6 Plug in the cables which include:

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• GPS cables

• Antenna cables

• Ethernet cables

• Power cables

• Alarm cables

Also, make sure that the fuses are installed properly.

7 Plug in the power cable to the RMBs in the cabinet, make sure the power supply is

working, then turn on each RMB.

BTS installation overview

This section provides a high-level overview of the base station installation process. Other
sections in this guide then explain these installation tasks in detail.

The tasks you perform to deploy base stations are:

1 Mount the base station at the site you selected. For more information, refer to the section

“Mounting and grounding the base station” on page 6-57 in this guide.

2 Connect the antenna to the base station, as described in the section “Connecting the

antenna to the base station” on page 6-59.

3 Mount the GPS device and connect it to the base station. One GPS device can service the

multiple base stations at a cell site. For more information, refer to the section “Connecting
the GPS equipment to a base station” on page 6-59 in this guide.

4 Connect the base station to the transcient voltage suppressor (TVS) module, then connect

the TVS module to your network switch.

The TVS module splits the connection: one connection goes to a switch that connects to
your network, and the other goes to a power supply. For more information, refer to the
section “Connecting to the backbone network” on page 6-60 in this guide.

5 Power the base stations by connecting the TVS module to the power supply. For more

information, refer to the section “Powering base stations” on page 6-61 in this guide.

The TVS module provides lightning protection. The TVS module also splits the
connection: one connection goes to the switch and the other goes to a power supply.

6 Configure cell site switches, the head-end switch, and the ISP switches. For more

information, refer to “Configuring switches” on page 2-12 in this guide.

7 Test the network by working with an ISP to:

• Install the ISP’s provisioning server

• Test the AP server to Provisioning server connection.

• Test that CPEs can access the ISP’s VLAN(s).

Planning the installation

This section describes issues you need to consider before you install the base stations,
including:

• Choosing locations for the base station installation

• Planning for service provider equipment components

• Selecting antennas

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• Defining naming conventions for cells, sectors, base stations and VLANs

Choosing an installation location

The base station’s location at a site depends on many factors, including the site’s physical
environment, the coverage pattern you want to achieve, and the ease of maintenance you
require.

RMB installation location

The RMB is always installed indoors, inside the base station cabinet and on a standard 19 inch
rack. In turn, the rack is installed in an indoor equipment room or in another type of indoor
housing unit such as a shed near the tower.

BTS installation location

Table 1.1 describes some of the locations you might want to consider for a BTS.

Table 1.1 Advantages/disadvantages of location choices

Location Advantages Disadvantages

On tower, at
antennas

At base of
tower

On rooftop You can use a shorter coaxial cable

Installing at the antennas offers
cost savings, due to the fact that
you can use a shorter coaxial cable
to connect the base stations to your
antennas. There is lower signal loss
in shorter cables.

Placing the base stations at the base
of a tower offers simpler
installation and maintenance than a
base station installed on the tower,
at the antennas.

Base station installation and
maintenance are simpler than other
options.

to connect base stations to
antennas. As such, you can
probably operate at higher power
levels, and still stay within signal
loss criteria.

Rooftop access is usually available,
making installation and
maintenance easier. Also, a housing
unit for the backbone network
switch, power supplies, and other
equipment is typically available.

When you install base stations near
the top of the tower, installation and
maintenance are more difficult.

If you install at the base of the
tower, you need to run a coaxial
cable from the base stations to the
antennas. This cable must be of
sufficient size to reduce signal loss,
which may increase costs.

Installation still requires you to
install the antennas and coaxial
cable.

You need to obtain permission to
use a rooftop, and comply with
building codes.

Note: Regardless of the location you choose, plan to provide a weatherproof housing unit for
the network switch, the power supply, and the TVS equipment.

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Cable loss ranges

Use tables Table 1.2 and Table 1.3 to determine the cable size you need, based on signal loss.

Table 1.2 Recommended cable length ranges for 2.3 - 2.7 GHz

Length of
cable drop Cable type

4 ft to 85 ft 1/2 inch LDF 3.52 .14 to 2.99

50 ft to 110 ft 5/8 inch LDF 2.65 1.33 to 2.92

90 ft to 150 ft 7/8 inch LDF 2.02 1.82 to 3.03

125 ft to 200 ft 1 1/4 inch LDF 1.47 1.84 to 2.94

Table 1.3 Recommended cable length ranges for 3.3 - 3.6 GHz

Length of
cable drop Cable type

4 ft to 85 ft 1/2 inch LDF 4.39 .18 to 2.85

50 ft to 110 ft 5/8 inch LDF 3.35 1.68 to 2.85

90 ft to 150 ft 7/8 inch LDF 2.55 1.91 to 2.93

125 ft to 200 ft 1 1/4 inch LDF* 1.84 2.30 to 2.94

*Note: The 1 1/4 inch LDF cable is not recommended for systems running at a
range higher than 3.3 GHz.

Signal loss per
100 feet

Signal loss per
100 feet

Signal loss
range

Signal loss
range

Placement of base stations and switches on network

Make sure your network design places the base stations behind a switch so that the base
station sees only Ethernet traffic addressed to it. The switch you choose needs to be able to
handle the Ethernet traffic on your network

Assessing network access provider equipment needs

Before you install and deploy the base station, ensure you have made provisions for the
following components:

• Power and data connection between the base station and your network

• Global position system (GPS) for proper TDD functions. You must use the GPS supplied
with the Expedience system.

• Antenna system for transmitting and receiving signals for the base stations.

•SNMP server

• DHCP server, if desired, to supply IP addresses to base stations

• AP server

• Weatherproof housing for the backbone network switch, power supplies, and UPS. Also
supply weatherproof housing for the TVS module, which provides lightning protection.

• Coaxial cable to connect the base station to the antenna.

• Tower or building structure on which to mount cell site equipment.

Equipment needs of ISP

As a network access provider, you provide network bandwidth to ISPs. The ISPs in turn sell
network access to subscribers. Make sure your ISPs plan for the following pieces of
equipment on the ISP VLAN:

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•DHCP server

• Customer care server and a customer relationship management application

• Provisioning server

• Switch to receive and direct traffic from the network access provider

• Router to route traffic to the Internet

Planning for the antennas and antenna installation tips

The type of antenna you choose depends on the cell type and pattern you want to use. Make
sure:

• The antenna provides an appropriate pattern for the application, with uptilt and downtilt
as required.

• The installation of the antenna complies with the vendor’s installation directions, and that
it meets building codes.

After you have installed an antenna, you need to connect it to a mounted base station. For
instructions on connecting the antenna to a base station, refer to the section “Connecting the
antenna to the base station” on page 6-59.

Designing the deployment of base stations

To plan for how base stations will be deployed:

1 Determine a naming convention for base stations.
2 Using a map of the area to be covered, define the zone names that will be used.

For example, an access provider can divide a metropolitan areas into North, South, East,
West, and Central zones. The network access provider then assigns base stations to a
specific zone by using the set system location command. Keep in mind that multiple base
stations may be assigned to the same zone. Zones allow the ISPs to differentiate services to
subscribers by allowing subscribers to operate in specific regions or clusters of zones.

3 On a map, mark each location where base stations are installed.
4 For each base station, document your design choices. Please note that some parameters are

optional, depending on how you design the system.

• Base station name (required)

• Zone name (required)

• Cell name (optional)

• Sector name (optional)

•Channel (required)

• Default VLAN for legacy CPEs (optional, default is 1)

• Management VLAN ID (optional; default ID is 1)

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C

ONFIGURING

Chapter overview

This chapter describes a simple network topology. It provides an overview of how to
configure switches at the cell site, the head end, and the ISP sites.

Architecture overview

C HAPTER

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NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

The hierarchy of the network architecture uses the concept of two layers: the access layer and
the backbone layer.

The functions of the access layer include connecting users — which include subscribers and
the ISPs — to the backbone layer.

Subscribers use components on the access layer (the CPEs and the base stations) to obtain
physical access to the network. The subscriber’s CPE communicates with a base station over
a radio link which is commonly called the air link. The base stations that communicate with
the CPEs are grouped into cells. The base stations in each cell are connected to a switch at the
cell site and a base station LAN is formed. The switches at the cell sites then use WAN links
to connect to the head-end switch.

The ISPs also use the access layer to connect to the backbone layer. An ISP receives network
access requests from components on the backbone layer (specifically the AP server on the
management VLAN). These requests for access are sent to the appropriate ISP. The ISP then
grants or denies the request. If access is granted, the ISP provides the subscriber’s host
computer with an IP address and traffic is shaped for that host computer according to the
subscriber’s service level agreement (SLA). Traffic to and from the host computer travels
through the backbone layer

The functions of the backbone layer include quickly switching incoming WAN trunk traffic
to the management VLAN and to the ISP VLANs. The backbone layer also returns Internet
traffic from the ISP to the appropriate base station and subscriber’s CPE.

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