Nissan Maxima 2003 User Manual

STARTING & CHARGING SYSTEM

CONTENTS

PRECAUTIONS ...............................................................2

Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ″AIR

BAG″ and ″SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER″...............2

Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis.....................2

PREPARATION ...............................................................3

Special Service Tool ....................................................3

BATTERY.........................................................................4

How to Handle Battery ................................................4

METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DISCHARGE CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK CHARGING THE BATTERY

Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging

System Tester ..............................................................7

DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART

STARTING SYSTEM.....................................................10

System Description....................................................10

M/T MODELS A/T MODELS

Wiring Diagram - START -.........................................11

M/T MODELS A/T MODELS

Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging

System Tester ............................................................13

DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART WORK FLOW DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2

..........................................................10

...........................................................10

..........................................................11

...........................................................12

..........................................................15

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......4

SECTION

MINIMUM SPECIFICATION OF CRANKING VOLTAGE REFERENCING COOLANT TEMPERATURE

Construction...............................................................19

Removal and Installation...........................................20

REMOVAL INSTALLATION

Pinion/Clutch Check ..................................................21

CHARGING SYSTEM....................................................22

System Description....................................................22

Wiring Diagram - CHARGE -.....................................23

Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging

System Tester ............................................................24

DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART WORK FLOW DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 3 MALFUNCTION INDICATOR

Construction...............................................................31

Removal and Installation...........................................31

REMOVAL INSTALLATION

SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS).........32

Battery........................................................................32

Starter........................................................................32

Alternator ...................................................................32

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...............................................................20

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IDX

PRECAUTIONS

Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”

The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELTPRE-TENSIONER” used along with a seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain types of collision. This system includes seat belt switch inputs and dual stage front air bag modules. The SRS system uses the seat belt switches to determine the front air bag deployment, and may only deploy one front air bag, depending on the severity of a collision and whether the front occupants are belted or unbelted. The SRS system composition which is available to NISSAN MODELA33 is as follows:

I For a frontal collision

The Supplemental Restraint System consists of driver air bag module (located in the center of the steering wheel), front passenger air bag module (located on the instrument panel on passenger side), seat belt pre-tensioners, a diagnosis sensor unit, crash zone sensor, warning lamp, wiring harness and spiral cable.

I For a side collision

The Supplemental Restraint System consists of front side air bag module (located in the outer side of front seat), satellite sensor, diagnosis sensor unit (one of components of air bags for a frontal collision), wiring harness, warning lamp (one of components of air bags for a frontal collision).

Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the RS section of this Service Manual.

WARNING:

I To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death

in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance should be performed by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

I Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-

sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air Bag Module, see the RS section.

I Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this

Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harness connector.

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Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis

When you read wiring diagrams, refer to the following:

I GI-9, “HOW TO READ WIRING DIAGRAMS” I EL-11, “POWER SUPPLY ROUTING” for power distribution circuit

When you perform trouble diagnosis, refer to the following:

I GI-35, “HOW TO FOLLOW TEST GROUPS IN TROUBLE DIAGNOSES” I GI-24, “HOW TO PERFORM EFFICIENT DIAGNOSES FOR AN ELECTRICAL INCIDENT”

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PREPARATION

Special Service Tool

The actual shapes of Kent-Moore tools may differ from those of special service tools illustrated here.

Tool number (Kent-Moore No.) Tool name

— (J-44373 Model 620) Battery/Starting/Charging system tester

Description

SEL403X

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IDX

How to Handle Battery

BATTERY

MEL040F

How to Handle Battery

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CAUTION:

I If it becomes necessary to start the engine with a booster

battery and jumper cables, use a 12-volt booster battery.

I After connecting battery cables, ensure that they are

tightly clamped to battery terminals for good contact.

METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DISCHARGE

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The following precautions must be taken to prevent over-discharging a battery.

I The battery surface (particularly its top) should always be kept

clean and dry.

I The terminal connections should be clean and tight. I At every routine maintenance, check the electrolyte level.

This also applies to batteries designated as “low maintenance” and “maintenance-free”.

I When the vehicle is not going to be used over a long period of

time, disconnect the negative battery terminal. (If the vehicle has an extended storage switch, turn it off.)

MEL041F

MEL042F

I Check the charge condition of the battery.

Periodically check the specific gravity of the electrolyte. Keep a close check on charge condition to prevent over-discharge.

CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL

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WARNING:

Do not allow battery fluid to come in contact with skin, eyes, fabrics, or painted surfaces. After touching a battery, do not touch or rub your eyes until you have thoroughly washed your hands. If acid contacts eyes, skin or clothing, immediately flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention.

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BATTERY

How to Handle Battery (Cont’d)

I Remove the cell plug using a suitable tool. I Add distilled water up to the MAX level.

MEL043F

SEL709EA

MEL042FA

Sulphation

A battery will be completely discharged if it is left unattended for a long time and the specific gravity will become less than

1.100. This may result in sulphation on the cell plates. To determine if a battery has been “sulphated”, note its voltage and current when charging it. As shown in the figure, less current and higher voltage are observed in the initial stage of charging sulphated batteries. A sulphated battery may sometimes be brought back into service by means of a long, slow charge, 12 hours or more, followed by a battery capacity test.

SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK

1. Read hydrometer and thermometer indications at eye level.

2. Use the chart below to correct your hydrometer reading according to electrolyte temperature.

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Hydrometer Temperature Correction

Battery electrolyte temperature °C (°F) Add to specific gravity reading

71 (160) 0.032 66 (150) 0.028 60 (140) 0.024 54 (130) 0.020 49 (120) 0.016 43 (110) 0.012 38 (100) 0.008

32 (90) 0.004 27 (80) 0 21 (70) −0.004 16 (60) −0.008 10 (50) −0.012

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IDX

How to Handle Battery (Cont’d)

BATTERY

Battery electrolyte temperature °C (°F) Add to specific gravity reading

4 (40) −0.016

−1 (30) −0.020

−7 (20) −0.024

−12 (10) −0.028

−18 (0) −0.032

Corrected specific gravity Approximate charge condition

1.260 - 1.280 Fully charged

1.230 - 1.250 3/4 charged

1.200 - 1.220 1/2 charged

1.170 - 1.190 1/4 charged

1.140 - 1.160 Almost discharged

1.110 - 1.130 Completely discharged

CHARGING THE BATTERY

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CAUTION:

I Do not “quick charge” a fully discharged battery. I Keep the battery away from open flame while it is being

charged.

I When connecting the charger,connect the leads first, then

turn on the charger. Do not turn on the charger first, as this may cause a spark.

I If battery electrolyte temperature rises above 55°C (131°F),

stop charging. Always charge battery at a temperature below 55°C (131°F).

Charging Rates

Amps Time

50 1 hour 25 2 hours 10 5 hours

5 10 hours

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Do not charge at more than 50 ampere rate. NOTE:

The ammeter reading on your battery charger will automatically decrease as the battery charges. This indicates that the voltage of the battery is increasing normally as the state of charge improves. The charging amps indicated above refer to initial charge rate.

I If, after charging, the specific gravity of any two cells varies

more than .050, the battery should be replaced.

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BATTERY

Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester

CAUTION:

When working with batteries, always wear appropriate eye protection.

NOTE:

I To ensure a complete and thorough diagnosis, the battery,

starter and alternator test segments must be done as a set from start to finish.

I If battery surface charge is detected while testing, the tester

will prompt you to turn on the headlights to remove the surface charge.

I If necessary, the tester will prompt you to determine if the bat-

tery temperature is above or below 0°C (32°F). Choose the appropriate selection by pressing the up or down arrow button, then press “ENTER” to make the selection.

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SEL404X

1. Turn off all loads on the vehicle electrical system. Clean or repair as necessary.

2. Visually inspect the battery, battery terminals and cable ends with ignition switch in “OFF” position.

NOTE:

The contact surface between the battery terminals, cable ends and tester leads must be clean for a valid test. A poor connection will prevent testing and a “CHECK CONNECTION” message will appear during the test procedures. If this occurs, clean the battery post and terminals, reconnect them and restart the test.

3. Connect the red tester lead clamp to the positive battery terminal, and the black to the negative terminal.

SEL405X

4. The tester will turn on automatically. Using the arrow keys, select “IN VEHICLE” on the tester and then pressthe “ENTER” key.

IDX

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BATTERY

Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester (Cont’d)

5. Locate the battery type and rating stamped or written on the top case of the battery to be tested.

NOTE:

The battery type and rating will have either of the following.

CCA: Cold Cranking Amps (490 CCA, 550 CCA, etc.) JIS: Japanese Industrial Standard.

Battery is stamped with a number such as: 80D26L: 80 (rank of output), D (physical size-depth), 26 (width in cm). The last character L(post configuration) is not input into the tester.

SEL406X

The tester requires the rating for the battery be entered exactly as it is written or stamped on the battery.Do not attempt a CCA conversion for JIS stamped batteries. JIS must be input directly.

6. Using the arrow and “ENTER” keys alternately, select the battery type and rating.

NOTE:

The tester lists five choices; CCA, JIS, IEC, DIN, and EN. Only use CCA or JIS.

SEL407X

SEL576X

7. Press “ENTER” to begin the test. Diagnosis results are displayed on the tester. Refer to “DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART”, SC-9.

8. Press “ENTER”, then test output code is displayed. Record the test output code on the repair order.

9. Toggle back to the “DIAGNOSTIC SCREEN” for test results.

NOTE:

I If necessary, the tester will ask the user to determine if the

battery has just been charged. Choose the appropriate selection by pressing the up or down arrow button and then press the “ENTER” button to make the selection.

I When testing a battery installed in a vehicle that has recently

been driven, select “BEFORE CHANGE”.

I If the battery has just been slow charged due to a “CHARGE

& RETEST” decision by the tester, and the tester asks the user “BEFORE CHARGE/AFTER CHARGE”, select “AFTER CHARGE”.

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BATTERY

Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester (Cont’d)

DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART

Diagnostic item Service procedure

GOOD BATTERY Battery is OK, go to “Trouble Diagnoses”, “STARTING SYSTEM”. Refer to SC-13.

Replace battery.

REPLACE BATTERY

BAD CELL-REPLACE

GOOD-RECHARGE

CHARGE & RETEST

Before replacing battery, clean the battery cable clamps and battery posts. Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester. If second test result is “Replace Battery”, then do so. Perform battery test again to confirm repair.

Replace the battery. Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester to confirm repair.

Perform the slow battery charging procedure. (Initial rate of charge is 10A for 12 hours.) Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester.

Perform the slow battery charging. (Initial rate of charge is 10A for 12 hours.) Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester to confirm repair.

NOTE: If the tester asks the user “BEFORE CHARGE/AFTER CHARGE”, select “AFTER CHARGE”.

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IDX

System Description

STARTING SYSTEM

System Description

M/T MODELS

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Power is supplied at all times

I through 40A fusible link (letter C, located in the fuse and fusible link box) I to ignition switch terminal 1.

With the ignition switch in the START position, power is supplied

I through terminal 5 of the ignition switch I to clutch interlock relay terminal 5.

With the ignition switch in the ON or START position, power is supplied

I through 15A fuse [No. 20, located in the fuse block (J/B)] I to clutch interlock relay terminal 1.

When the clutch pedal is depressed, ground is supplied to clutch interlock relay terminal 2 through the clutch interlock switch and body grounds E11, E22 and E53. The clutch interlock relay is energized and power is supplied

I from terminal 3 of the clutch interlock relay I to terminal 2 of the starter motor windings.

The starter motor plunger closes and provides a closed circuit between the battery and the starter motor. The starter motor is grounded to the cylinder block. With power and ground supplied, the starter motor operates.

A/T MODELS

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Power is supplied at all times

I through 40A fusible link (letter C, located in the fuse and fusible link box) I to ignition switch terminal 1.

With the ignition switch in the ON or START position, power is supplied

I through 15A fuse [No. 20, located in the fuse block (J/B)] I to park/neutral position relay terminal 1.

Also, with the ignition switch in the START position, power is supplied

I from ignition switch terminal 5 I to park/neutral position relay terminal 5.

Ground is supplied, with the selector lever in the P or N position

I to park/neutral position relay terminal 2 I through park/neutral position switch.

The park/neutral position relay is energized and power is supplied

I from ignition switch terminal 5 I through park/neutral position relay terminals 5 and 3 I to terminal 2 of the starter motor windings.

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