Nikon L-Ke User Manual

Nikon

MICROSCOPE

INSTRUCTIONS

MODEL L-Ke

Copy offered by courtesy of Dr. Steven Horii, USA

NIPPON KOGAKU K.K.

Caution

in Handling and Maintenance

• Avoid touching lens surfaces with the fingers or with any rough material. For dusting, use a feather or a soft lens brush and then a washed-out soft cotton cloth only to wipe off finger marks or grease, wet the cloth with xylor, but never with alcohol or ether. The microscope body surfaces should be dusted in the same way and may slightly be oiled,

• Tightness of the coarse focusing knobs should be adjusted, in this type

ring,

(L-Ke) of microscope, by means of the adjusting knobs.

• Dismantling of the internal optical parts and the microscope body should not be attempted, because it may interfere with the performance of the instrument. It can be accomplished only by an expert or the original manufacturer.

• Do not apply any grease of not specified type to the sliding surfaces of the coarse focusing adjustment and of the floating stage. If necessary, ask for your dealer or the manufacturer.

• The microscope is to be used at a dust-free place. Avoid any forcible manipulation of the moving parts. At all times the instrument is to be handled carefully e.g. for carrying the microscope, hold its base with one hand and its arm with the other.

• When not in use, it should be covered with the vinyl cover or kept in the wooden cabinet which is available on order. Store it at a dry place. It is recommended to keep the objectives and eyepieces in a desiccator.

not by twisting the

CONTENTS

NOMENCLATURE 3

VARIOUS COMBINATIONS 5

1- Interchangeable Eyepiece Tubes 6

"U"

Trinocular 6

"T"

Trinocular 6

"B"

Binocular 6

"1"

Inclined Monocular 6

2.

Interchangeable Stages 6

"R"

Rectangular Mechanical 6

"G"

Graduated, Circular Rotatable 6

"C"

Circular Floating 6

"P"

Square Plain 6

OBJECTIVES, EYEPIECES, CONDENSERS 7

1.

Objectives 7

2.

Eyepieces 7

3. Combinations of Objectives and Eyepieces 8

4.

Condensers 9

ATTACHING THE LENSES 10

1.

Mounting the Objectives 10

2.

Mounting the Eyepieces 11

3. Mounting the Condenser 11

ILLUMINATION 12

1.

Condenser Iris Diaphragm and Images 12

2.

Light Source 13

3. Condenser Focusing Knob 13

4.

Brightness Adjustment 14

5. Preparation and Adjustment 14

6. Observation 15

7. Photomicrography 15

8. Other Light Sources 15

9. Filter Case 15

FOCUSING 16

1.

Focusing Adjustment 16

2.

Eyepiece Adjustment 16

3. Coarse Focusing 17

4.

Preset Device 17

5. Fine Focusing ••• 18

6. Oil Immersion 18

7. Long Working Range of the Stage 19

8. Exchanging the Stage 19

MOVING THE SPECIMEN ON THE STAGE 19

1.

Rectangular Mechanical Stage "R" 19

2.

Circular Floating Stage "C" 20 EXCHANGING THE OBJECTIVE NOSEPIECE •••• 21 PHOTOMICROGRAPHY ••22

NOMENCLATURE (MODEL LBR-Ke)

Eyepiece

— 3

— 4 —

VARIOUS

The Nikon Microscope Model with

objectives, eyepieces, condensers, eyepiece tubes,

ample.

Model

illuminator

LBR-Ke

built-in base, Binocular eyepiece tube

consists

COMBINATIONS

L-Ke is

of

available

Model L microscope stand with Koehler

cal stage.

Rectangular Mechanical

Circular

Floating

Graduated,

Circular

Rotatable

in

various combinations

and

stages.

For ex-

and

Rectangular mechani-

Square Plain

1.

Interchangeable

Eyepiece

Tubes

U=Trinocular

Magnification factor interpupillary distance adjustment from

IX. Has

provision

for

diopter compensation

54mm

to

74mm.

Observation binoculars inclined 45°, photo-tube upright, 360° rotatable. With built-in sliding

prism system, light transmission

ways

to

permit photomicrography through vertical tube while viewing

through binocular tube;

by switching

over vertical photo tube circuit

T.V.

pickup.

100%

light path;

for

photomicrography, micro-projection

light directed

or

whole light transmission directed

can be

to

switched

over

observation binoculars

or

T—Trinocular

Magnification factor

tion

binocular tubes

clined 45°

and

Interpupillary distance adjustment from

IX. Has

and 50% to

rotatable

fixed beam-split ratio,

vertical photomicrographic tube.

360°.

Has

provision

for

54mm

50% to

observa-

diopter compensation.

to

74mm.

B = Binocular

Magnification factor

IX.

Inclined 45°

and

rotatable

360°.

Has

provision for diopter compensation. Interpupillary distance adjustment from 54mm

to

74mm.

I = Indined Monocular

Interchangeable with other type eyepiece tubes. Inclined rotatable

2.

Interchangeable

360°

Stages

45° and

R^Rectangular Mechanical

Stage surface motion

within

range

130mm X 140mm.

Has

low-positioned coaxial

X and Y

controls which provide exceptionally fine, smooth crosstravel

of

50mmx75mm.

Scales

graduated

to

0.1mm

on

G = Graduated, Circular Rotatable

Stage surface into

1° increments

140mm

and

in

diameter. 360° rotatable. Goniometer divided

reads

to 6'

with vernier. Centerable stage pro-

vided with clamping screw. Supplied with stage clips.

C^Circuiar

P^Square

Floating

Stage surface

140mm

in

diameter Provided with stage clips. Accepts attachable mechanical stage available any direction within circle diameter ing

motion.

Can be

clamped

in any

Plain

Stage surface

130mm X 130mm.

Provided with stage clips. Accepts

attachable mechanical stage available

on

order. Moves smoothly

of

18mm

in

straight and/or rotat-

desired position.

on

order.

and

three

to

closed-

In-

vernier.

in

— 5 —

-

6 -

OBJECTIVES,

1.

Objectives

a.

OBJECTIVES for medical and biological use

Achromatic

Dry

Plan Achromatic

Plan Apochromatic

Apochromatic

Long-Working Distance Type Achromatic

Dry

Phase-Contrast Achromatic

Dry

Long-Working Distance

Achromatic

Dry

Type

Oil-immersion

Dry

Oil-immersion

Dry

Oil-immersion

EYEPIECES,

Individual

Magnification

4X

"

lOX 20X 40X

S40X

NC40X

lOOX

SIOOX

lOOX

Plan

1.2X 2X 3X 4X

lOX 40X

NC40X

lOOX

40X

lOOX

LWD40X

DLLIOX B-MIOX DLL20X B-M20X DLL40X D-M40X

B-M40X DLLIOOX D-MIOOX B-MIOOX

D-M40X

CONDENSERS

Numerical Focal

Aperture Length

28.3mm

0.10

14.8mm

0.25

7.5mm

0.40

4.3mm

0.65

4.3mm

0.65

4.3mm

0.65

1.8mm

1.25

1.8mm

1.25

1.8mm

1.25

0.03

35.8mm

0.05

42.3mm

0.08

37.7mm

0.10

29.5mm

0.25

15.6mm

0.65

4.0mm

0.65

4.1mm

1.30

1.6mm

4.3mm

0.80

0.30

0.40

0.65

1.25

0.60

L6mm

4.0mm

15.9mm

8.2mm

4.4mm

1.8mm

4.0mm

„_1-40

b. OBJECTIVES for metallurgical use

Metallurgy Achromatic

Dry

Plan Achromatic

2.

Eyepieces

High eyepoint, compensating High eyepoint, compensating,

High eyepoint, compensating,

Compensating, wide-field Compensating Huygenian

Diopter adjustable, high point, compensating, wide-field

Dry

Type

wide-field

eye-

M5X MlOX M20X M40X

MIOOX

Plan MlOX Plan M40X Plan MIOOX

Individual

Magnification

HK5X

HKWIOX

HKW15X

WFIOX

K20X

H5X HlOX H15X

DHKWIOX

0.10

25.0mm

0.25

14.8mm

0.40

7.5mm

0.65

4.3mm

1.25

1.8mm

0.25

15.6mm

0.65

4.1 mm

1.30

1.6mm

Focal

Length

16.7mm 14.0 With adjustable eyepiece collar

12.5mm

Field

Number 50mm 21.0 With adjustable eyepiece collar 25mm

25 mm

50mm 25mm ^17nim

25mm 18.0

18.0 With adjustable eyepiece collar

18.0

8.0 General purpose

21.0

12.0

8.0

7

-

Working Distance

9.50lim

7.10mm

5.70mm

0.54mm

Spring-loaded

0.52mm

No cover glass type

0.16mm

Spring-loaded

0.16mm

With iris diaphragm

29.7mm

35.6mm

28.6 mm

18.2mm

7.0mm

0.24mm

Spring-loaded

0.32mm

Spring-loaded,

0.12mm

Spring-loaded

0.12mm

Spring-loaded

0.19

mm'

Spring-loaded

0.10mm

Spring-loaded

2.0 mm

For tissue culture observation

6.4mm

Dark Contrast

6.4mm

Bright Contrast

4.5mm

Dark Contrast

4.5mm

Bright Contrast

0.54mm

Dark Contrast, Spring-loaded

0.54mm

Dark Contrast

0.54mm

Bright Contrast

0.16mm

Dark Contrast

0.16mm

Dark Contrast

0.16mm

Bright Contrast Dark Contrast

2.0mm

(For tissue culture work)

15mm

7.1 mm

5.7mm

0.52mm

0.16mm

7.0mm

0.32mm

Spring-loaded

0.12mm

Spring-loaded

Remarks

High-power purpose

General purpose General purpose General purpose

Supplied together with With

5X, lOX, 15X

lines

for

picture frames plus cross-

framing

and

Remarks

for

no

cover glass type

//

n

if

"U"

eyepiece tube

focusinsf

dark-field

3.

Combinations of Objectives and

Eyepieces

Total magnifying power obtained by the combination is the product of

individual objective power multiplied by individual eyepiece power. A selection

of the combination

will

be decided so as to get the highest resolution of the image (resolving power), the largest extent of object area

(real field) which can be observed without moving the stage or

slide,

or the greatest thickness of object (depth of focus) which can

be

distinctly

depending

are

the results compiled

and

eyepieces:

Objective

4X

lOX

20X

40X

lOOX

•

The working distance is the

cover

glass

seen

without raising or lowering the microscope stage,

upon the purpose of using the microscope. Shown below

from

the different combinations of objectives

Resolution

Eyepiece

5X lOX 15X

Total

Magnifying

Power

20X 40X 60X

50X lOOX 150X

lOOX 200X 300X

200X 400X 600X

500X

lOOOX 1500X

Working Distance

(mm)

9.5

7.1

5.7

0.54

0.16

clearance

Minimum Resolved

in object

(^)

2.7-5.5

1.1-2.2

0.69-1.38

0.42-0.84

0.22-0.44

Distance

or

in image

(mm)

0.05-0.11

0.11-0.22

0.16-0.32

0.05-0.11

0.11-0.22

0.17-0.33

0.07-0.14

0.14-0.28

0.21-0.42

0.08-0.17

0.17-0.34

0.25-0.50

0.11-0.22

0.22-0.44

0.33-0.66

Real Field

of View

(mm)

5.25

4.5

3.5

2.1

1.8

1.4

1.05

0.9

0.7

0.52

0.45

0.35

0.21

0.18

0.14

Depth

Focus

(^)

100

1.8

1.2

1.0

0.6

0.44

0.38

between the upper surface of the

and the lowest edge of the objective critically focused. Note

of

64 52

16 10

8 6

4 3

that, as shown in the above table, the working distance becomes very small

for

high

power objectives.

•

The resolution of minimum resolved distance (the limit of resolving power)

is

the minimum distance between object points discernible as separate

under

the microscope illuminated by the

The shorter the

is,

the small resolving distance results. In the table, the smaller values

indicate

central

#The

the resolution obtained by oblique and the larger values by

illumination, (see "Illumination" on page 11)

minimum resolved distance in the image is the value in the object

light

wave length, the higher the resolving power, that

light

of wave length

550myu.

multiplied by the total magnification of the microscope. If the resolving power of the microscope is important, choose the eyepiece by the use

of which the image resolution comes —0.3mm accepted

(when the object is

seen

criterion on the upper limit of the total magnification of a

within

from

the distance

that of the naked eye

25mm);

generally

0.15

-8-

microscope set up is about

500—lOOOX

of the numerical aperture of the objective to be used. Note that in photomicrography it is useless to raise the magnification beyond the resolving power of the emulsion (usually about is

higher than that of the naked eye, photographs are usually taken at

0.05mm).

However,

since the resolution of the emulsion

a lower magnification and thereafter they are enlarged.

•

Real field of view (in mm) represents the extent of the object that comes

under observation. In higher magnification it becomes extremely

small. Consequently, it is advisable to take aim at the object point to be exa- mined

first under lower magnification and then revolve the nosepiece to

higher magnification.

•

When focus is on the center of the

blurred,

because a curvature of the image plane is unavoidable in the

field,

its circumference will usually be

microscope, except when using a plan type objectives. In order to get sharp corner image, it is necessary to adjust the fine focusing knob and switch the focus from the center onto the corners.

•

Depth of focus represents the thickness or height of the object in fi sharply

seen when observation is made through the microscope. In photomicrogra- phy the depth of focus becomes smaller than the figure shown in the previous table. Therefore, careful attention must be made in focusing

when

taking

microscope pictures. By closing the condenser diaphragm, the depth of field can be made greater than the value shown in the table.

4.

Condensers

Type Abbe Abbe Aplanatic

Achromatic

Achromatic (long focal-length type)

Universal Dark-Field

Low-Power

These

condensers are not only capable of concentrating light-beam for better illumination tion

of microscope image, image contrast and depth of focus. In precise

Condenser

of the image

Numerical Aperture

1.30

Two lenses

1.30

Two lenses

1.40

Three

lenses

1.25

Five

lenses

0.7

Four

lenses

1.20-1.40

for

dark-field

Single lens

field,

but also gives a great influence on the resolu-

For central illumination (without oblique illumination slider) For central and oblique illumination (with oblique

nation

slider) For high-class microscopy For high-class microscopy

Long focal-length type. Working distance 12mm. With turret-mounted phase-interference microscopy. Supplied in centerable mount. With outer diameter 36.8

mm.

Objectives to be used lOX up to

for

fluorescence work.

built-in

adjustable iris diaphragm. Thickness of slide glass

to

be used, must be less than

For low-power macro-objectives, e.g., 1.2X, 2X, & 3X Plan Achromatic

Remarks

illumi-

annular diaphragms for phase-contrast and

lOOX.

lOOX

objective used should have

1.2mm.

Ideally suited

observation and photomicrography, the use of an achromatic or aplanatic condenser with the maximum numerical aperture 1.25 provided with an oblique illumination device and a filter case is specially recommended.

—

9 —

ATTACHING

THE LENSES

Before attaching the objective and the eyepiece to the microscope, first clean their outer lens surfaces.

often

interfere with the image contrast.

1.

Mounting

Take

special care in handling the objectives.

the

Objectives

Even

a slightly stained finger mark may

Before attaching the objectives on the nosepiece revolver, lower the microscope stage sufficiently. Securing each objective with the fingers

of one hand, screw it into

each nosepiece hole with those of the other hand (Fig. 4).

It

is recommended to

mount

the objectives on the nosepiece or- derly from low to high

powers so that the

magnification

of each objective augments as the

revolver is rotated clockwise or counter- clockwise.

Microscope Model L-Ke has on its upper surface of the nosepiece revolver

five

blank spots (Fig. 5) on each of which the objective magnification can

be Inked so looking tions

from above, the

that,

by

these Indica-

objective located below can be identified out

having to turn away

your

the

eyepiece.

eyes

with-

from

When rotating the re- volver, hold its outer milled

rim with

thumb

and first finger,

but

do not push the

your

objective barrels, other- wise alignment of the objectives may be

trou-

bled.

-10-

2.

Mounting the

Eyepieces

For mounting, simply drop recommended

to

leave

an

the

eyepiece

eyepiece into

in

place even when

the

eyepiece tube.

it is not in use, in

order

to

prevent entrance the put cap

of

dust into eyepiece tube. on the

in

eyepiece

place eyepiece removed.The inclined eyepiece body

tube,

trinocular, bino-

cular

or

monocular,can

be rotated after loosen-

ing

the

clamp screw

(Fig.

6) for

ence

in

viewing from any desired direction without

moving

It is

the

Or

of the

conveni-

the

Resolution

and

illumination.

1.

Condenser

Stop down tion

the

from center

higher becomes

object

by

increased

(Fig.

8, a, b).

ILLUMINATION

contrast

Iris Diaphragm and

condenser iris diaphragm

to

the

of

image

are

edge.

The

farther

contrast

and

resolution, which distinguish details

unsymmetrical shadow

Images

the

greatly affected

and

slide

it in the

iris diaphragm

at the

by the

radial direc-

is

off-centered,

boundary

method

of

object

of

the

of

microscope stand.

can

be

removed

3.

IVIounting the

To

mount

the

By

further releasing

and

replaced with another type eyepiece body tube.

Condenser

condenser, unlock beneath the condenser holder

as far as it go. Then, tighten lock screw. case locate

In

the

will

the this dia-

phragm eccentering lever

and its a proper place to

facilitate their manipulation hand

(Fig. 7). The correct distance tain

immersion tween face

of the

the

top of

is secured when

condenser

the

lower sur-

condenser

is

screw

so as

with

oil be-

slide

raised

at

one

to re-

and

the

to the

knob.

upper

the

lock screw,

limit

the

by

turning

clamp screw

and

insert

the

condenser focusing

the

body tube

condenser

(a)

Central illumination (b) Oblique illumination (c) Dark field illumination

When

the

iris diaphragm

the

object

at an objective resolution If introduce nation will

the

resolution reaches maximum

by

central illumination.

diaphragm

the

light bundle directly into

be

obtained. by various angle illuminations favorable In opening

the field smaller, if aperture, If

for the

the

central illumination

of the

objective.

In

illumination

the

contrast

the

iris diaphragm

the

decrease

the

diaphragm

iris diaphragm just corresponds

is

positioned

angle

o'f

incidence

is

further eccentered

If the

object

may be

the

this case

excessive

are cut off and

is

enhanced, though

is

large enough

of

resolution will

is

stopped down

so as to let the

the

same

as the

and

to

such

the

objective, dark field

iris diaphragm

are

integrated.

is

An

included.

maximum resolution

to the

outer

rays

flare

is

minimized.

the

resolution

to

cover

60-70%

not be

to

minimum

remarkable.

for

light bundle enter into

aperture angle

twice

as

much

an

extent

as not to

widely opened, images

illumination angle

is

obtained when

aperture angle

to be

If the

used opening is

lowered.

of the

admitting only

of the

as the

illumi-

not

the

of

as

dark

is

made

But

objective

very

-11—

—12—

small

light bundles, the effects by diffraction, reflection, refraction, etc., may be exaggerated so that fringes may be seen at the image edges which may likely induce misinterpretation of the image, but it may be effective for special occassions (e.g. definition of general structure of non stained

specimens). (Fig. 8, c).

2.

Light

As already cited, the iris diaphragm plays an important role In the nation that objective being used, in order to obtain the maximum resolution. In

user, however, may dispense with such a procedure, and will obtain the same result by adjusting the diaphragm opening until satisfactory distinct- ness of the image is obtained.

If a high resolution and, at the same oblique illumination will be effective. specimens, transparent phase-contrast specimens, etc.

illumination,

it

is necessary for observation to change the direction of illumination, by turning The condenser aperture is off-centered in any direction by rotating and at the

done only by using one hand, the thumb and the first finger for off-centering

and the middle finger for opening or closing the diaphragm. (See Fig. 9).

3.

Condenser

The condenser focusing is made by turning the condenser focusing knob. This

Source

illumi-

on microscopy. As a principle the diaphragm should be so adjusted

the numerical aperture of the condenser is equal to that of the

practice, however, to keep out stray light which would reduce image contrast, closing the aperture of the condenser down to 60- 70%

of that of the objec- tive lens will bring about a good result in most cases. The coincidence of condenser diaphragm aperture with the opening (exit pupil) of the objec-

tive can be ascertained

by looking through the microscope tube after re- moving

the eyepiece and

closing the diaphragm

slowly. An experienced

time,

a high contrast are desirable,

This

is suited especially for lowdyed

However,

a remarkable polarity in contrast and resolution may appear;

the iris diaphragm.

same time by radially sliding the diaphragm.

Focusing

manipulation is necessary only in case of Koehler illumination or dark

Knob

-13-

This

manipulation can be

in this

field

observation. The condenser is usually to stay at the upper need not to be lowered, except when a stray image of an outside object superimposes the specimen image too sharply in such a case as in direct sun light illumination or as some uneven brightness interferes with the observation.

4.

Brightness

For this purpose adjust the voltage of current supply by regulating the

transformer of the illuminator or by using a proper neutral density filter. Adjustment by means of the condenser diaphragm is not at all possible.

5.

Preparation

(1) Lamp and Socket

As shown in Fig. 10, lining

up the red dot on the socket

retaining

the

lamp housing, fit the

socket to the housing by

bayonet fashion.

(2) Centering and Focusing of

the

Lamp Bring the illumination change-over lever in the position "M". Stop down

the

condenser diaphragm beneath the microscope

stage. Move the lamp back and forth to bring the image of the filament into sharp focus on the bottom sur- face of the diaphragm. For this

purpose, it is conve- nient to utilize the reflection on the mirror, ring

to fasten the lamp socket in position. Bring the illumination change-over lever to the position "H". Manipu- lating

condenser diaphragm.

(3) Centering of the Illumination Field Diaphragm

Stop down the opening of the illumination field diaphragm to about 2mm Viewing through the microscope, focus the objective 40X to the image of specimen.

Moving up and down the condenser, make a sharp focused image of

the

illumination field diaphragm on the specimen.

Adjustment

and

Adjustment

ring to that on

accessory as shown in Fig. 11. Then, turn right or left only the socket

the lamp centering screws, make centering of the image on the

in diameter.

reflecting

—

14—

limit

and

Manipulate two centering screws until the image of the illumination

field

diaphragm comes to the center.

You need not mind about a slight deviation from this centering caused

by switching any objectionable result.

6.

Observation

For usual case of observation with objectives from 4X to sion), it suffices to leave the change-over lever at the position L. When an exact illumination or extreme brightness is required, as is the case with photomicrography, it is necessary to make adjustment for each magnifi- cation by switching

7.

Photomicrography

Make exact adjustment, depending upon the magnification of the objec-

tive being used, by switching the change-over lever as below:

over

to other objectives because this will not produce

lOOX

(oil-immer-

over

the lever.

lens. A filter of the diameter in

the filter case of the microscope.

the

microscope base is available on order.

33mm

can be placed in the condenser or

This

filter case to be attached onto

FOCUSING

1.

Focusing

The microscope model L-Ke is provided with coaxial, coarse and fine focusing knobs, both of which are located near the microscope base (Fig.

13).

Forward rotation of either of the focusing knobs by the operator raises

the

microscope stage and vice

Adjustment

versa

(Fig. 13, 14).

Objective magnification 4X Position of the change-over lever L

10-20X

M i H

40-lOOX

i

When using an objective 3X or lower, set the change-over lever to H and replace the condenser with the one specifically designed for lower magnification.

The illumination for the Model L-Ke will not change its color temper-

ature by the change-over above mentioned.

8.

Other

When using any other

light the the

lens with the reflecting shown in Fig. 12.

9.

Filter

A filter of the diameter

Light

Sources

source outside of microscope, replace illumination field

accessory

mirror, as

Case

45mm

can be mounted on the illumination field

—15—

2.

Eyepiece

When using a binocular or trinocular eyepiece tube for observation the adjustment right

and left

ring

on the lefthand eyepiece. After focusing with stage, turn the adjusting ring left or right to obtain the sharp image with your

left eye, too. Then, regulate the interpupillary distance of the bino- cular or trinocular tube by sliding the eyepieces left or right by means of the

knob (Fig. 15), until the viewfields of both eyepieces merge together.

It

will be advantageous to memorize the attained diopter and inter- pupillary distance readings for future use. The red dot engraved on the interpupillary distance scale indicates the position where the mechanical tube length becomes exactly HK (high eyepoint type) eyepieces have an eyecup on top, the rotation of

Adjustment

of the user's eye-sight (diopter) discrepancy between the

eyes

is necessary which is made by rotating the adjusting

your

right eye by raising or lowering the microscope

—

16—

160mm.

The

which will give proper eye-to-lens distance. eyecup should

3.

Coarse

The coarse adjustment adjusting

If

the

revolution

justing

ring counterclockwise.

clockwise turning.

Never

twist

microscope whose focusing knobs, coarse

(not coaxial). Focusing

microscope stage until objective becomes less longer than to

be

used

the

stage until

4X,

lOX, 20X, 40X and lOOX

mately

in

of

the

fine focusing knob only being required

4.

Preset

The right-hand focusing knob When

the engraved besides) until in

the

direction

be

screwed

Focusing

ring:

of the

the

focusing knobs

(see

table

the

focus when revolved into position

Device

lever

is

fastened

to

drive

in.

may be

coarse focusing knob

may be

the

on p. 8),

specimen

it

stops,

the

eased

Too

much tightness

for

this adjustment

performed

distance between

the

then looking through

to be

objectives

has a

by

turning clockwise

the

coarse focusing knobs cannot

stage closer

—

17--

or

working distance

examined

are

preset lever

to the

For

those wear eyeglasses,

tightened

is too

and

as

is parfocal

one

for

objective.

by

means

loose, turn

may be

fine,

follows: First, raise

the

plainly visible.

critical focusing.

on its

(as

adjusted

as in the are

located separate

specimen

of the

the

eyepiece, lower

, and are

after another,

drum

indicated

This

of the

the ad-

by the

traditional

and the

objective

approxi-

the use

(Fig. 16).

by the

arrow

be

turned

presetting

the

is

utilized

for

quick refocusing

after

the stage and outfocused the

specimen

mersion oil. when fastened, prevents same

time ingthe glass.

5.

Fine

Manipulation ing

knob

a.

To

obtain the sharpest image.

b.

To

transfer

center viewfield.

c.

To

focus upon d.

To

correct a slight blurring which

slide.

e. Tomeasure

The microscope

knob

raises

reading

range

of

6.

Oil

When using minute necessary immersion

the

slide

mersion observation

jective

(dry viewfield. scope stage applying a drop to

the

preset

raising

carefully

oil

immersion

about

1/3

the

stage about Air bubbles microscope image tube

without

of

the

nosepiece revolver,

or

by

means

Remaining

has

been lowered

for

changing

or

applying

The

preset device,

the danger

objective front

Focusing

of the

is

necessary:

to a

or

on the

fine movement

Immersion

lOOX

space (0.1mm) between

to

attain

oil is to be

as

well

system), bring

Set the

and

limit.

forward rotation

in the

the

of a

stiffened

of

and

fine focus-

the

focus from

corner

of the

the

different layers

the

thickness

is so

designed that

lowers

the

right-hand knob scale

objective,

the

filled between

as

between is

performed

preset lever

revolve

of

immersion Then, focus

the

stage

lOOX

objective

0.08mm immersion

and are

eyepiece,

needle.

oil may

im-

at the

damag-

slide

of a

thick specimen.

may

take place when shifting

of

object under examination.

one

revolution

microscope stage

is

38mm;

the

application

the

objective

specified numerical aperture.

the

objective

as

the

specimen

by

turning clockwise.

the

nosepiece revolver

oil

onto

up by

by

manipulating

is

designed

of the

closer

can be

by

fine focusing knob, that

to the

oil,

visible when looking into

removed

adding a certain quantity

often impair

18

0.2mm.

up to

0.002mm

same

as of

coarse focusing.

of

immersion

top and the

the top

follows: First, using

objective from

which

lens

of the

and the

in

focus

and in the

to lOOX

the

cover

glass, raise

looking through

the

fine focusing knob.

to

attain

its

may

sometimes intervene

by

repeating slight movement

the

image. Therefore,

of the

This

For

cover

the

fine focusing

permits direct

(2«). The

oil in the

cover

critical work

condenser

glass.

lOX or 40X ob-

center

Lower

critical focusing

the

objective. After

the

eyepiece

is,

parfocal position.

the

microscope

of

immersion

the

whole

glass

is

the

and

Oil im-

of the

micro-

stage

up

and

The

by

bringing

the

oil

im-

mediately after finishing the work, clean off the remaining oil from the lens using a soft cotton cloth wetted with xylor. Never use alcohol or immerse the top of the objective in xylor. Be careful not to use immersion oil that has been thickened by age. The refractive index of the immersion oil should be

7. Long Working Range of the Stage

The microscope L-Ke is designed to permit large- range lowering of its stage

(71mm) for convenience

in observing a thick speci- men such as for metallurgy or culture. Unlock the lock screw beneath the stage

(Fig.

17), and the stage

can be lowered 33mm ^^^^^^^ and by manipulation of

the coarse focusing knob farther 38mm. The stage lowered to such a great extent may be useful in macrophoto- graphy or when a special stage is used.

8. Exchanging the Stage

Lower the stage by means of the coarse focusing knob and then unlock

the stage lock screw. The stage, then, can be removed.

^^W^^^^^gnm^^j^^^^

1.515.

'[J

MOVING THE SPECIMEN ON THE STAGE

1.

Rectangular Mechanical Stage '*R"

This stage enables fine crosswise travelling of the slide in the range

of 50 X 75mm, allowing reading of the movement down to 0.1 mm by the use of the vernier provided. For securing the slide on the stage in position, open the clip. Each travelling is performed by rotation of two coaxial knobs iDcated

one above the other on

the vertical rod protruded

below on the left side from

the front, the upper knob being

Clip

for longitudinal and the lower one for lateral travel of the slide on the stage. In fluorescence microscopy or in using oil immersion ob- jectives, where the clearance between the condenser and the slide also should be oil- immersed,

cause unsmooth travel of the

slide.

19 of the circular opening plate

at the center of the stage or fastening of the clamp screw will be helpful to a positive travel of the slide (Fig. 18).

By unlocking the lock knob on the edge of the stage the stage can be rotated horizontally for convenience in the observation from the opposite side of the microscope (Fig. 19), where the eyepiece tube is to be rotated

180°.

may often be of use in photo-

micrography, when the picture format is changed from cal to horizontal or vice versa.

It is recommended to use the slide adapter on the stage

(Fig.

tudinal travel of the slide in such reversed position.

2.

Circular Floating Stage

The circular floating stage

(Fig.

smoothly and precisely in any desired direction simply by pushing the rim of the stage by the fingers, wichin a circle of 18mm in diameter. To fasten the floating stage in position, pressing the stage

stiffened oil may

In this case, removing

This rotation of the stage

verti-

20) for a sufficient longi-

21) glides and rotates

--19 —

22

downward, stage counterclockwise.

Fastening is necessary, when using attachable mechanical stage

(Fig.

able The circular rotating stage type

permits measurement rotating angle

with

turn

the

of the

floating stage

22),

which will

on

order.

G is

also available, which

of

its

circular scale. (Fig.

rinn

of the

an

be

avail-

of the

specimen

23).

PHOTOMICROGRAPHY

The Microscope Model with light source built perfect microphotograph only

the

microscope eyepiece with

to Therefore, when taking photographs film,

it is

recommended exposure meter) exposure setting)

for

using with

Box methods, refer "AFM"

and any

L-Ke,

in the

to use the

or AFM

to the

general works

(with built-in exposure meter permitting automatic

and the

the

above attachments.

"Instructions

incorporating

microscope base, enables convenient

by additionally

any

Nikon Microflex Model

Nikon

F or

on

the

Koehler illumination device

mounting a camera connected

photomicrographic adapter.

of the

microscopic image

EFM

Nikkormat camera

For

details

of

Using Nikon Microflex

photomicrography.

or

of

photomicrographic

and

on

35mm

(with built-in

Nikon Dark

EFM" or

- 21 —

EXCHANGING

THE

OBJECTIVE NOSEPIECE

It

may

become necessary

the

to exchange nosepiece a series metallurgical objectives mounted objective nosepiece. First, unlock lock screw, nosepiece arrow sert until ing surfaces fit parallel Fasten by means

(Fig.

in

of

phase-contrast

as a

and

in the

(Fig. 24). In

the

other nosepiece gently

it

stops, making

to

the

revolver

of the

25).

objective

such a case when

or

are

unit

on the

other

the

revolver

draw

out the

direction

of the

each other.

of the

place,

in-

the

guid-

dove-tail

in

position

lock screw

-22—

7r

o

O

o

Q

•D

Nikon L-Ke User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual