Nikon Eclipse 50i POL Instruction Manual

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M362E 05.8.NF.1

Polarizing Microscope

ECLIPSE 50i POL

Instructions

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Page 3

Preface

Thank you for purchasing this Nikon product. This instruction manual is intended for users of the Nikon’s Polarizing Microscope ECLIPSE 50i POL. To ensure correct use, please read this manual carefully before operating the product.

• No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without the prior consent of Nikon.

• The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.

• Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual. If you find that any portion of this

manual is unclear or incorrect, please contact your nearest Nikon representative.

• This manual may describe products not included in the set purchased.

• Also be sure to read the manuals for any other products that you are using with this system (the super

high-pressure mercury lamp power supply, high-intensity light source, and such).

WARNING and CAUTION Symbols

Although Nikon products are designed to provide the utmost safety during use, incorrect usage or failure to follow the safety instructions provided may cause personal injury or property damage. Damage or injury that may occur due to mishandling is unwarranted. To ensure correct use, read the instruction manual carefully and thoroughly before using the instrument. Do not discard the manual; keep it handy for easy reference. Safety instructions within this manual are accompanied by the following symbols to highlight their importance. For your safety, always follow the instructions accompanying these symbols.

Symbol Meaning

WARNING

CAUTION

Disregarding instructions accompanying this symbol may lead to serious injury or death.

Disregarding instructions accompanying this symbol may lead to injury or property damage.

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Preface

Meaning of symbols used on the equipment

The symbol appearing on the product indicates the need for caution at all times during use. Always refer to the instruction manual and read the relevant instructions before manipulating any part to which the symbol has been affixed.

Biohazard

This symbol on the microscope main unit calls your attention to the following:

•

Warning: If a specimen is spilled onto the microscope body, it may cause the danger of biohazard.

•

To avoid biohazard contamination, do not touch the contaminated portion with your bare hands.

•

Decontaminate the contaminated portion according to the standard procedure of your facility.

Caution for heat

This marking on the lamphouse of the Eclipse 50i POL calls your attention on the following;

•

The lamp and its surroundings (including the lamphouse) become very hot during and immediately after the illumination.

•

Do not touch the lamp and its surroundings during and immediately after the illumination to prevent the risk of burns.

•

Make sure that the lamp and its surroundings are sufficiently cool before the lamp replacement.

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Safety Precautions

Take note of the following points to use this product safety and correctly.

1. Intended product use

2. Do not disassemble

3. Read the instructions carefully

WARNING

This microscope is intended primarily for microscopy and photomicrography of stones, rocks, minerals, high-polymer materials, and biomedical materials using a polarized light illumination.

Besides, this microscope is intended for use in optical property analysis for laboratories, hospitals, and other facilities in the fields of mineralogy, high polymer chemistry, and biomedicine.

Disassembling this product may result in electric shock or malfunctions. Damage or injury that may occur due to mishandling is unwarranted. Never attempt to disassemble any part other than the parts described in this manual. If you experience problems with the product, contact your nearest Nikon representative.

To ensure safety, carefully read this manual and the manuals provided with any other equipment used with this product. In particular, observe all warnings and cautions given at the beginning of each manual.

4. Cautions about the power cord

Be sure to use the specified power cord. Using a wrong power cord may result in malfunctions or fire. The product is classified as subject to Class I protection against electrical shock. Make sure it is connected to an appropriate ground terminal (protective earth terminal). Refer to Chapter 8 for the specified power cord.

To prevent electrical shock, always turn off the main power switch (press is to the “O” position) of the product before attaching or detaching the power cord.

5. Cautions about heat from the light source

The lamp and its surroundings (including the lamphouse) become very hot during and immediately after lighting.

• Do not touch the lamp and its surroundings during and immediately after lighting. They become very hot and may cause burn injuries.

• Always mount the lamphouse cover when using the product.

• Make sure that the lamp and its surroundings are sufficiently cool before the lamp replacement.

• Do not allow cloth, paper, or highly flammable volatile materials, such as gasoline, benzine, paint

thinner or alcohol, to come near the lamphouse while the lamp is lit or within 30 minutes after switching off the power. They become very hot and may cause fire or burn injuries.

6. Hazardous specimen

This microscope is intended primarily for microscopy of stones, rocks, minerals, high-polymer materials, and biomedical materials using a polarized light illumination. Check to determine whether the specimen is hazardous before handling. If the specimen is hazardous, follow your standard facility procedures. If the specimen is a biomedical material and potentially infectious, wear rubber gloves and avoid touching specimens. If the specimen is spilled onto this product, decontaminate the portion according to the standard procedure of your facility.

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Safety Precautions

1. Isolate the products from the power source during assembly, connection/disconnection of cords,

CAUTION

lamp replacement, and maintenance

To prevent electric shock and/or malfunctions, always turn off the power switches of the product (press to the “O” position) and unplug the power cord from the wall outlet before assembly, connecting or disconnecting of cords, lamp replacement, and cleaning of the product and the objective.

2. Cautions in replacing lamps

To prevent burn injuries, wait at least 30 minutes after the lamp is turned off to give it sufficient time to cool when replacing lamps. And, to avoid electric shock or malfunctions, never attempt to replace lamps without turning off the power switches for the product and the peripheral devices (press them to the “O” position). And then, unplug the power cords from the wall outlet. Make sure the lamphouse cover is securely fitted to the lamphouse after replacing lamps. Never turn on the lamp while the lamphouse cover is open. When you dispose of the replaced lamp, do not break it up. Instead, dispose of the used lamp as special industrial waste or dispose of it according to the local regulations and rules.

3. Use the specified lamp

The product's built-in power source is used for the halogen lamp that is a light source for the diascopic illumination. A halogen lamp up to 6V-30W can be lit. But, always use the specified halogen lamp. Using an unspecified lamp may cause malfunctions.

• Specified lamp: 6V-30W (PHILIPS 5761)

4. Prevent contact with moisture

Never allow water to come into contact with the product. And do not use the product in circumstances where the product is splashed with water. Water splashed onto any component of this product may cause short circuits, resulting in malfunction or abnormal over heat. If the product is subject to contact with water, turn off the power switches for the product and the peripheral devices (press them to the “O” position). And then, unplug the power cords from the wall outlet. And then, wipe off the water with a piece of dry cloth. If water enters a component, immediately suspend use of this product, disconnect the power cord from the outlet, and contact your nearest Nikon representative.

5. Do not place any object on top of the product

Do not place any object on top of the product or cover it with a piece of cloth or so on. The system temperature will rise, resulting in malfunctions.

6. Cautions in assembling, installing, and carrying the product

• Take care to avoid pinching your fingers or hands during the product assembly and installation.

• Scratches or fouling such as fingerprints on optical components (such as lenses and filters) will

degrade microscope images. Be careful to avoid scratches or direct contact with the lenses and filters when assembling the product.

• The main unit weighs approximately 11 kg. Grasp the main unit by the handle on the back of the product and the recess at the base on the opposite side from the handle.

• Remove all attachments (if mounted) from the microscope before carrying the microscope.

• Do not install the product in a locker or cabinet.

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Safety Precautions

7. Cautions as to conditions for operation, transportation, and storage

CAUTION

The product must be operated, transported, or stored under the following conditions. Using or storing the product in hot, humid locations may result in mold formation or condensation on lenses, performance degradation, or malfunctions.

• Operating conditions: temperature (0 to 40°C), humidity (85% RH max., no condensation)

• Transportation/storage conditions: temperature (-20 to +60°C), humidity (90% RH max., no

condensation)

8. Remove any covers from the product before switching on.

Do not use the product while covered with a piece of cloth or so on, as this will result in abnormal heat and fire hazards.

9. Cautions at to concerning long, sustained observations

To relieve fatigue resulting from long observation sessions, limit continuous observations to one hour. Take at least 10- to 15-minute breaks between observation sessions. Adjust the layout of other equipment and the height of your chair.

10. Disposal of the product

To avoid biohazard risks, dispose of the product as contaminated equipment according to the standard procedure specified for your facility.

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Notes on handling the product

1. Handle with care

This product is a precision optical instrument. Avoid subjecting it to sudden impact and shocks. Even relatively minor impacts are capable of affecting the precision of the objective.

Notes on handling the product

2. Weak electromagnetic waves

The product emits weak electromagnetic waves. Do not install the product near precision electronic devices to avoid degrading their performance. If a TV or radio reception is affected, move the TV or radio farther from the product.

3. Dirt on the lens

Scratches or fouling such as fingerprints on optical components (such as lenses and filters) will degrade microscope images. If these parts become dirty, clean them as described in “7. Care and Maintenance” at the end of this manual.

4. Dirt on the lamp

Never touch the lamp with bare hands. Dirt or fingerprints on the lamp will result in uneven illumination and reduce the service life of the lamp. Always wear gloves when handling lamps.

5. Installation location

This product is a precision instrument. The usage or storage in an inappropriate environment may result in malfunctions or poor performance. Consider the following factors when selecting an installation location:

• Select a vibration-free location. Install the product on a level surface.

• Install the product at least 10 cm away from walls.

• Choose a location less exposed to hazards in the event of collisions, earthquakes, or other potential

disasters. To keep the product from falling, use strong wire or other means if necessary to secure it to the working desk or to another heavy, stable item.

• Avoid locations exposed to direct sunlight, locations immediately under room lights, and other bright

locations.

• Select a dust-free location.

• To avoid splashes, do not use the product near water.

• Make sure the ambient temperature is 0 to 40°C and humidity is 85% or less. And, to transport or to

store the product, the ambient temperature must be -20 to 60°C and humidity is 90% or less (with no condensation). Using or storing the product in hot, humid locations may result in mold formation or condensation on lenses, performance degradation, or malfunction.

• Do not install the product in a locker or cabinet.

• Select a layout that allows easy removal of the power cord from the product's AC inlet in the event of

an emergency.

• Room lights just above the product may enter the objective as extraneous light. If possible, switch

off room lights directly above the product when making observations.

• Do not use on a desk mat or the like.

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Notes on handling the product

6. Focusing knobs

• Never turn the focus knobs on the left and right sides of the product in opposite directions at the same time. Doing so may damage the product.

• Turning the coarse focus knob past its farthest point will damage the product. Never use excessive force when turning the knob.

7. Protect the ports from dust and extraneous light (when the trinocular eyepiece tube is attached).

To keep out extraneous light and dust, always attach the supplied cap to any port not currently in use.

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Expressions Used in This Manual

Microscope Eclipse 50i POL 50i POL

P-TB binocular eyepiece tube Binocular eyepiece tube

P-TT trinocular eyepiece tube Trinocular eyepiece tube

P-I intermediate tube Polarizing intermediate tube

P-N quintuple centering nosepiece Nosepiece or centering nosepiece

P swing-out condenser P swing-out condenser

PT polarizer Dia polarizer

LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator LV-UEPI or epi illuminator

YM-PO polarizer Epi polarizer

LV-LH50PC halogen precentered lamphouse Lamphouse

Expressions Used in This Manual

The product names and expressions used in this manual are given below.

The manual uses the following expressions:

Name of device

Expressions

Power supply device for the lamp Lamp power supply

P-ANH attachable mechanical stage Attachable mechanical stage

Y-TV TV vertical tube adapter TV vertical tube adapter

T-TV55 TV vertical tube adapter 0.55x TV vertical tube adapter 0.55x

DS camera head DS-5M Camera head

DS camera control unit DS-L1 DS-L1

DS camera cable Camera cable

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Contents

Preface ................................................................................................................ 1

WARNING and CAUTION Symbols ................................................................................... 1

Meaning of symbols used on the equipment .....................................................................2

Safety Precautions ................................................................................................ 3

WARNING ...................................................................................................... 3

CAUTION .......................................................................................................4

Notes on handling the product ......................................................................... 6

Expressions Used in This Manual ...................................................................... 8

1. Part Names.................................................................................................. 11

1.1 Components and Controls .................................................................................. 12

1.1.1 Front Left Side .......................................................................................... 12

1.1.2 Front Right Side ........................................................................................ 13

1.2 Microscope with the Epi Illuminator ..................................................................... 14

1.3 Rear Side ......................................................................................................... 15

1.3.1 Rear Side of the Microscope ........................................................................ 15

1.3.2 When the Lamphouse Cover Is Opened ........................................................ 15

2. Microscopy .................................................................................................. 16

2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy ............................................................................. 16

2.2 Orthoscopic Observation .................................................................................... 20

2.3 Conoscopic Observation ..................................................................................... 21

2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)........................................... 22

2.5 Photomicroscopy ............................................................................................... 26

3. Individual Operations .................................................................................... 17

3.1 Power ON/OFF .................................................................................................. 29

3.1.1 Power Supply for the Microscope ................................................................. 29

3.1.2 Power Supply for the Epi Illuminator ............................................................ 29

3.2 Brightness Adjustment....................................................................................... 30

3.2.1 Adjusting the Brightness Control Knob ......................................................... 30

3.2.2 Adjustment Using the Preset Switch............................................................. 31

3.2.3 Adjustment Using the ND Filter IN/OUT Lever ............................................... 31

3.2.4 Adjustment Using the Brightness Control Knob on the Power Supply

for the Illuminator ..................................................................................... 31

3.2.5 Adjustment Using ND Filters on the Epi Illuminator ........................................ 32

3.2.6 Transmitted Image in the Episcopic Microscopy.............................................. 32

3.2.7 Camera Adjustment (Adjusting the Brightness of the Image on the Monitor) ..... 32

3.3 Optical Path Selection (for Trinocular Eyepiece Tube)................................................... 33

3.3.1 Light Distribution ....................................................................................... 33

3.3.2 Vertical Tube Adapter ................................................................................. 33

3.3.3 Disabling the Clicking of the Optical Path Selection Lever ................................ 33

3.4 Stage Vertical Movement (Focusing) .................................................................... 34

3.4.1 Prohibited Actions ...................................................................................... 34

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Contents

3.4.2 Knob Rotation and Stage Movement............................................................. 34

3.4.3 Number of Knob Turns and Distance of Stage Travel....................................... 34

3.4.4 Adjusting the Rotating Torque of the Coarse Focus Knob................................. 35

3.4.5 Coarse Focus Stopper Ring ......................................................................... 35

3.5 Stage Rotation.................................................................................................. 36

3.5.1 Stage Rotation .......................................................................................... 36

3.5.2 Attachable Mechanical Stage (Option) .......................................................... 36

3.6 Diopter Adjustment ........................................................................................... 37

3.7 Interpupillary Distance Adjustment ..................................................................... 37

3.8 Adjusting the Condenser Position ........................................................................ 38

3.9 Adjusting the Aperture Diaphragm ...................................................................... 39

3.9.1 For the Bright-field Microscopy and the Orthoscopic Microscopy ....................... 39

3.9.2 For Conoscopic Microscopy.......................................................................... 40

3.10 Selecting a Condenser ....................................................................................... 40

3.11 Adjusting the Field Diaphragm ............................................................................ 41

3.12 Setting a Filter on the Field Lens ......................................................................... 41

3.13 Centering the Objective ..................................................................................... 42

3.14 Oil Immersion Operation .................................................................................... 43

3.15 Water Immersion Operation ............................................................................... 44

3.16 Polarization Microscopy ...................................................................................... 45

3.16.1 Operation of the Polarizers .......................................................................... 45

3.16.2 Operation of the Analyzer ........................................................................... 46

3.16.3 Azimuth adjustment of the polarizer and analyzer.......................................... 47

3.16.4 Bertrand Lens Operation ............................................................................. 48

3.16.5 P-CL 1/4λ & Tint Plate ................................................................................ 49

3.17 Episcopic Microscopy ......................................................................................... 51

3.17.1 Switching the Episcopic Illumination ............................................................. 51

3.17.2 Field Diaphragm in the Epi Illuminator .......................................................... 51

3.17.3 Aperture Diaphragm in the Epi Illuminator .................................................... 52

3.17.4 Operating Filter on the Epi Illuminator .......................................................... 53

3.18 Image Capturing ............................................................................................... 54

3.18.1 Adjusting Light Intensity............................................................................. 54

3.18.2 Adjusting the Condenser............................................................................. 54

3.18.3 Confirming the Photomicrographic Range...................................................... 54

3.18.4 Confirming the Focus ................................................................................. 54

3.18.5 Making Adjustments to Keep out Ambient Light ............................................. 55

3.18.6 Anti-vibration Measures .............................................................................. 55

4. Assembly..................................................................................................... 18

4.1 System Configuration ........................................................................................ 56

4.2 Assembly Procedure .......................................................................................... 57

5. Replacing Consumables ................................................................................. 24

5.1 Replacing the lamp............................................................................................ 62

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Contents

6. Troubleshooting............................................................................................ 27

6.1 Optical System ................................................................................................. 65

6.2 Mechanical System ............................................................................................ 67

6.3 Electrical System .............................................................................................. 67

7. Care and Maintenance ................................................................................... 30

7.1 Lens Cleaning ................................................................................................... 68

7.2 Cleaning the Product ......................................................................................... 68

7.3 Disinfecting the Product ..................................................................................... 68

7.4 Storage ........................................................................................................... 69

7.5 Periodical Inspection (Fee Charged)..................................................................... 69

8. Specifications ............................................................................................... 32

8.1 Specifications ................................................................................................... 70

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Part Names

1.1

1.1.1

TV vertical tube adapter (option)

Trinocular eyepiece tube

Polarizing intermediate tube

Microscope main body

Condenser focus knob

Coarse focus torque

adjustment knob

Coarse focus knob

Fine focus knob

Power switch

Components and Controls

Front Left Side

C mount adapter (option)

Binocular part

Analyzer slider

P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate *1

Centering nosepiece

Objective

Vernier

Stage rotation clamp screw

Stage clamp screw

Condenser (P swing-out condenser)

Dia polarizer (bottom of the condenser)

Orientation

late

*1 It can be changed to the optional P-CS Senarmont compensator or P-CQ quartz wedge.

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Chapter 1 Part Names

1.1 Components and Controls

1.1.2

Diopter adjustment

Bertrand lens focus ring

Circular graduated stage

Condenser aperture scale

Condenser centering screws

Front Right Side

Eyepiece

Bertrand lens turret

Specimen holders *2

Condenser aperture

diaphragm ring

Optical path selection lever (only for the trinocular eyepiece tube)

Bertrand lens centering screws (both sides)

Microscope main body

Condenser focus knob

Coarse focus stopper ring

Coarse focus knob

Fine focus knob

ND filter IN/OUT levers

Field lens part

Preset brightness control

Preset switch

Power indicator

Field diaphragm control

Brightness control knob

*2 They are removed when the optional attachable mechanical stage is used.

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Chapter 1 Part Names

1.2 Microscope with the Epi Illuminator

1.2

Epi illuminator (LV-UEPI) Aperture diaphragm

Microscope with the Epi Illuminator

Dummy slide

Illumination selection lever (bright-field/dark-field)

Lamphouse *3

Filter slider

open/close lever

Field diaphragm centering screws (both sides)

Field diaphragm open/close lever

Polarizer slider or dummy slider

*3 The power supply for the epi illuminator is also required.

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Chapter 1 Part Names

1.3 Rear Side

1.3

1.3.1

Rear Side

Rear Side of the Microscope

Handle

1.3.2

Halogen lamp

Input voltage indication

Tool

When the Lamphouse Cover Is Opened

Lamphouse

AC inlet

Lamphouse cover

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Microscopy

2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy

This section describes the diascopic bright-field microscopy using the built-in lamp of the microscope.

Turn on the power.

When the microscope has power applied to it, the power indicator on the right side of the microscope is lit.

⇒ P.29

When the episcopic illuminator is attached, turn off the episcopic illuminator. And then, pull the illumination selection lever to set the dark-field position for it.

Push the power switch to the “I” position.

⇒ P.51

Rotate the brightness control knob to adjust the brightness.

Or, push the preset switch to apply the voltage that wil make good color reproducibility.

⇒ P.30

Push in the analyzer slider on the polarizing intermadiate tube to remove the analyzer from the optical path.

⇒ P.46

Set to the DF position.

Adjust the brightness, or push the preset switch.

Remove the analyzer from the optical path.

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Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy

Move the Bertrand lens turret to the “O” position to remove the Bertrand lens from the optical path.

⇒ P.48

Move the 10X objective into the optical path.

Set the specimen in place with the cover glass facing up.

Raise the condenser as high as it will go.

Fully open the field diaphragm and the condenser aperture diaphragm.

Fully open the aperture diaphragm with the aperture diaphragm knob.

Set the optical path to make 100% light go into the binocular part when using the trinocular eyepiece tube.

Remove the Bertrand lens from the optical

ath.

Raise the condenser with the condenser focus knob.

Set the 10X objective.

Set the specimen with the specimen holders.

Fully open the field diapahram with the field diaphragm control.

Set the optical path to make 100% light go into the binocular part.

⇒ P.33

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Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy

Focus on the specimen.

Fully loosen the coarse focus stopper ring.

⇒ P.34

Focus on the specimen using the coarse focus knob and the fine focus knob.

Adjust the diopters and the interpupillary distance.

⇒ P.37

Center the objective.

⇒ P.42

Special tools are provided with the nosepiece. Insert the special tools into the centering screw holes on both sides to center the objective.

Focus and center the condenser.

⇒ P.38

Move the condenser with the condenser focus knob.

Center the condenser with the condenser centering screws.

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Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy

Switch to any desired objective and view the specimen.

• Each time you change objectives, the field diaphragm and the condenser aperture diaphragm must be adjusted. For the bright-field microscopy, the field aperture should be adjusted so that its image circumscribes the view field. And the condenser aperture diaphragm should be 70% to 80% of the numerical aperture of the objective.

⇒ P.39

⇒ P.41

• Focus on the specimen again using the fine focus knob or the coarse focus knob.

⇒ P.34

• To use an oil immersion type objective or a water immersion type objective, perform the oil immersion or water immersion.

Switch to any desired ob

Condenser aperture diaphragm knob

ective

Field diaphragm control

Focus on the specimen using the coarse focus knob and the fine focus knob.

Turn off the power after completing the observation.

Push the power switch to the “0” position.

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Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.2 Orthoscopic Observation

2.2

Orthoscopic Observation

This section describes the orthoscopic observation procedure. This is the characteristic observation method of polarizing microscopes. In this method, the specimen is observed with the polarizer and the analyzer placed in the optical path.

The shape of the specimen in the direction of the optical axis and its optical properties in the direction of the thickness can be observed. The vibration direction of the light and the property of the refraction can be measured with observations of light extinction or interference colors of specimens and rotations of the stage.

Fosus on the specimen with the diascopic bright-field microscopy. (Refer to “2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy.”)

Pull the analyzer slider of the

intermediate tube to move the

Move the analyzer into the optical path.

analyzer into the optical path.

Set the scale for the analyzer to the “0” position.

And, remove the Bertrand lens from the optical path.

Set the polarizer to the bottom of

the condenser.

Adjust the orientation of the

Set the polarizer.

polarizer and the analyzer.

⇒ P.47

After the adjustment, set the specimen again and focus on it.

Perform the orthoscopic microscopy.

• You can measure the retardation in various range with the P-CL 1/4 λ & tint plate.（⇒ P.49）

• The condenser aperture diaphragm and the field diaphragm must be adjusted in the same

ways for the bright-field microscopy.

• The top lens of the P swing-out condenser is used depending on the magnification of the objective.

Objective Top lens position of the swing-out condenser

10X or higher IN

4X or lower OUT

Page 23

Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.3 Conoscopic Observation

2.3

Conoscopic Observation

This section describes the conoscopic observation procedure. This is the characteristic observation method of polarizing microscopes. In this method, the specimen is observed with the polarizer, the analyzer, and the Bertrand lens placed in the optical path.

The specimen can be observed from various angles with diascopic light in the form of a single image. However, the shape of the specimen itself is not visible with this observation. You can distinguish the property of the specimen between uniaxial and biaxial and observe the optical axial angle and optical characteristics of the specimen.

Perform the orthoscopic observation. (Refer to “2.2 Orthoscopic observation.”)

Rotate the Bertrand lens turret to

the “B” position to move the Bertrand lens into the optical path.

Focus and center the Bertrand

lens.

Move the Bertrand lens into the optical path.

Center the Bertrand lens using the two screws.

⇒ P.48

Perform the conoscopic microscopy.

• The P-CL 1/4 λ & tint plate is not used in this microscopy. Move it to the vacant position.

• Select an objective having a large numerical aperture (high magnification: normally 40X or

higher)·

• The condenser aperture diaphragm should be adjusted so that its image circumscribes the conoscopic view field or should be fully opened.

• The field diaphragm should be adjusted so that its image circumscribes the conoscopic view field.

• The top lens of the swing-out condenser must be placed in the optical path.

Focus the Bertrand lens.

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Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)

2.4

Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)

You can perform the episcopic microscopy with the epi illuminator option.

Before the microscopy

• If the cumulative lit-on time has exceeded the average operation life for lamps of its kind, replace the lamp.

Turn off the power switch of the

microscope.

⇒ P.29

• If the power of the microscope is supplied, the diascopic illumination will be lit. If you wish to use the epi-illumination and the diascopic illumination simultaneously, see “2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy” to adjust the diascopic illumination.

Set the optical path to make

100% light go into the binocular eyepiece when using the trinocular eyepiece tube.

Push the power switch to the “O” position.

Set the optical path to make 100% light go into the binocular part

Push in the analyzer slider on the

polarizing intermediate tube to

Remove the analyzer from the optical path.

remove the analyzer from the optical path.

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Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)

Move the Bertrand lens turret to

the “O” position to remove the Bertrand lens from the optical path.

Remove the Bertrand lens from the optical path.

Push in the illumination selection

lever on the epi illuminator to set the bright-field position for it.

Turn on the lamp power supply for

Push in the illumination selection lever (BF).

the epi illumination. Rotate the brightness control knob to adjust the brightness.

Adjust the brightness.

Turn on the power supply.

Move the 10X objective into the

optical path.

Set the specimen in place with the

cover glass facing up.

Set the 10X objective.

Set the specimen with the specimen holders

Page 26

Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)

Fully open the field diaphragm and the aperture diaphragm.

Move the open/close lever to upper position to fully open the field diaphragm and the aperture diaphragm.

Move the NCB 11 filter into the optical path.

Move the NCB 11 filter into the optical path. And adjust the brightness with ND filters.

Adjust the brightness with the ND filters.

Focus on the specimen.

Fully loosen the coarse focus stopper ring.

⇒ P.34

Focus on the specimen using the coarse focus knob and the fine focus knob.

Page 27

Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)

Switch to any desired objective and view the specimen.

• Each time you change objectives, the field diaphragm and the condenser aperture diaphragm must be adjusted. For the bright-field microscopy, the field aperture should be adjusted so that its image circumscribes the view field. And the aperture diaphragm should be 70% to 80% of the numerical aperture of the objective.

⇒ P.51

⇒ P.52

• Focus on the specimen again using the fine focus knob or the coarse focus knob.

⇒ P.53

• Use the ND filters on the epi illuminator to adjust the brightness.

• To use an oil immersion type objective or a water immersion type objective, perform the oil immersion or water immersion.

Switch to any desired objective.

Focus on the specimen using the coarse focus knob and the fine focus knob.

Adjust the field diaphragm and the aperture diaphragm.

Adjust the brightness with the ND filters.

To perform the episcopic polarization microscopy, insert the polarizer slider into the place on

Move the analyzer into the optical path.

the side of the illuminator and place the analyzer on the intermediate tube into the optical path.

• The polarizer azimuth should be adjusted with the ring on the polarizer slider. For the adjustment method, see P.45.

• To perform the conoscopic microscopy, move the Bertrand lens into the optical path. (See “2.3 Conoscopic Observation.”)

Move the polarizer into the optical path.

To return to the bright-field microscopy

• Turn off the power supply for the lamp.

• Pull the illumination selection lever on the epi illuminator to set the dark-field position for it.

• Turn on the power switch of the microscope to light the diascopic illumination.

• Remove the analyzer and the Bertrand lens from the optical path.

Turn off all the power after completing the observation.

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Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.5 Photomicroscopy

2.5

Photomicroscopy

For detailed discussions of the camera, photomicroscopic software, and PC, refer to the operating manuals provided with the respective products. The following instructions assume a DS camera head DS-5M and DS-L1 camera control unit.

Adjust the microscope for proper image observation.

See the directions given in sections from “2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy” to “2.4 Episcopic Microscopy.”

Adjust the camera head attaching position until the image is displayed properly.

Loosen the attachment guide fixing screw on the C mount and adjust the camera position so that moving the stage left-right moves the image on the monitor in the opposite direction. After making the appropriate adjustments, tighten the screws firmly.

(B)

(A)

Adjust the directions (A) and (B).

Make camera settings.

For detailed information, refer to the operating manual provided with the camera. When using the DS-L1, you must choose and enter at least the following information:

• Folder for data storage

• Name of file to be saved (You can select “Auto.”)

• File format and file size

• Date and destination of data

Select the camera scene mode suitable for the microscopy

method.

Set the camera white balance.

To adjust the white balance, press the WB button while capturing an image of a clear section of a specimen slide. For fluorescent photomicrography, adjust the white balance under normal lighting conditions before the image capturing.

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Chapter 2 Microscopy

2.5 Photomicroscopy

Capture and save images.

Position the specimen. Readjust the focus. Adjust the image brightness using the camera exposure compensation function. Check the image using the Freeze button. When the image is acceptable, press the CAPT. button to save the image.

The operating procedure differs if DF/FL scene mode is selected. For details, see the manual for the camera.

Page 30

Item Title Operating sections

3.1 Power ON/OFF Power switch

3.2 Brightness adjustment Brightness control knob, preset switch, ND filter, and color

Individual Operations

compensating filter

3.3 Optical path selection (for trinocular eyepiece tube)

3.4 Stage vertical movement Coarse/fine focus knobs, coarse focus torque adjustment

3.5 Stage rotation Circular graduated stage, vernier, and stage rotation clamp

3.6 Diopter adjustment Diopter adjustment rings

3.7 Interpupillary distance adjustment Eyepiece sleeve

3.8 Adjusting the condenser position Condenser focus knob, condenser centering screws

3.9 Adjusting the aperture diaphragm Condenser aperture diaphragm, objective

3.10 Selecting a condenser Condenser

3.11 Adjusting the field diaphragm Field diaphragm control

3.12 Setting a filter on the field lens NCB filter, ND 16 filter, GIF filter

3.13 Centering the objective Centering nosepiece, objective

3.14 Oil immersion operation Oil immersion type objective, oil immersion type condenser

3.15 Water immersion operation Water immersion type objective, water immersion type

3.16 Polarization microscopy Polarizer for diascopic microscopy, polarizer for episcopic

Optical path selection lever

knob, and coarse focus stopper ring

screw

condenser

microscopy, polarizing intermediate tube (analyzer, Bertrand lens), P-CL 1/4 λ & tint plate, P-CS Senarmont compensator, P-CQ quartz wedge

3.17 Episcopic microscopy Epi illuminator

3.18 Image capturing Camera

Page 31

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.1 Power ON/OFF

3.1

3.1.1

3.1.2

Power ON/OFF

Power Supply for the Microscope

To turn on the microscope, press the power switch to the “I” position.

To turn off the microscope, press the power switch to the “O” position.

When the power to the microscope is on, the power indicator on the right side of the microscope is lit.

Power Supply for the Epi Illuminator

To turn on the power supply, press the power switch to the “I” position. The lamp will be lit.

To turn off the power supply, press the power switch to the “O” position. The lamp will be turned off.

When the power to the power supply is on, the power indicator on the front of the power supply is lit.

Power switch

Power indicator

Power switch

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Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.2 Brightness Adjustment

3.2

Brightness Adjustment

The brightnesses of images are adjusted with the following methods:

Method Operating controls Section

Diascopic image

color temperature shifts)

Setting ND filters (free from color temperature shifts)

Episcopic image

(Monitor image) Camera adjustment Application software for camera

3.2.1

Adjusting the Brightness Control Knob

With the preset switch in the out position, rotate the brightness control knob. (The brightness control knob is disabled if the preset switch is depressed.)

Adjusting the lamp voltage (causes color temperature shifts)

Setting ND filters (free from color temperature shifts)

Extincting episcopic images Power switch for the microscope 3.2.6

Brightness control knob (microscope body)

Preset switch, preset brightness volume-control

ND filter IN/OUT lever 3.2.3

Brightness control knob on the power supply for the illuminator

Filter slider on the epi illuminator 3.2.5

control: display mode, exposure mode, exposure compensation, camera gain adjustment, and so on.

3.2.1 Adjusting the lamp voltage (causes

3.2.2

3.2.4

3.2.7

Brightness control knob Image brightness

Clockwise rotation Becomes brighter.

Counterclockwise rotation Becomes darker.

Brightness control knob

The preset switch must not be depressed.

Color temperature shift

Adjusting brightness with the brightness control knob will affect the lamp color temperature and alter the color balance of the image. When accurate color reproduction is critical, set the brightness control knob to a midpoint setting and use the ND filters to make brightness adjustments.

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Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.2 Brightness Adjustment

3.2.2

How to use the preset brightness volume-control

3.2.3

Adjustment Using the Preset Switch

Push in the preset switch to enable the brightness level (lamp voltage) previously set with the preset brightness volume-control.

Toggle the preset switch – that is to say, return it to the out position – to enable the brightness control knob setting.

Preset switch

Push in the preset switch to set it to the depressed position. While viewing the actual image, turn the volume-control with a precision screwdriver until the desired brightness is achieved. Setting the preset switch to the depressed position enables the brightness level set with the preset brightness volume-control .

Preset brightness volume-control

Adjustment Using the ND Filter IN/OUT Lever

Pushing in the upper lever moves the ND filter (light intensity adjustment filter) into the optical path and reduces brightness. The color balance of the image remains unaffected.

Upper lever : filter IN Lower lever : filter OUT

3.2.4

Adjustment Using the Brightness Control Knob on the Power Supply for the Illuminator

To perform the episcopic microscopy with the epi illuminator, turn on the power supply for it and adjust the brightness control knob.

Brightness control knob Image brightness

Rotate clockwise To brighten the image

Rotate counterclockwise To darken the image

Brightness control knob

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Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.2 Brightness Adjustment

3.2.5

3.2.6

3.2.7

Adjustment Using ND Filters on the Epi Illuminator

The LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator has two filter sliders. You can use suitable ND filters by operating the filter sliders.

ND filters are used to adjust the light intensity. A large number filter has a low transmittance and is used to get a dark image. ND filters do not affect the color balance.

ND4 and ND16 filters are provided. You can get the following four types of brightness by using these filters.

Brightness

1 Out Out

1/4 In Out

1/16 Out In

1/64 In In

(Out: out of the optical path, In: in the optical path

ND4 ND16

）

Filter sliders

Transmitted Image in the Episcopic Microscopy

To perform the episcopic microscopy with the epi illuminator, turn off the power switch of the microscope to extinct the transmitted image in normal times.

Camera Adjustment (Adjusting the Brightness of the Image on the Monitor)

When observing images captured by the camera and displayed on the monitor, you can adjust brightness by varying camera adjustment parameters, such as display mode, exposure mode, metering mode, exposure compensation, and image level adjustment.

For detailed information, refer to the operating manual provided with the camera or camera control software.

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Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.3 Optical Path Selection (for Trinocular Eyepiece Tube)

3.3

3.3.1

3.3.2

3.3.3

Optical Path Selection (for Trinocular Eyepiece Tube)

Light Distribution

With the trinocular eyepiece tube, the optical path selection lever allows the light distribution to the binocular section and vertical tube section.

Optical path

selection lever

position

Pushed in 100 0

Pulled out one notch 20 80

Pulled out two notches 0 100

Light distribution (%)

Binocular

section

Vertical tube

section

Vertical Tube Adapter

The TV vertical tube adapter or the TV vertical tube adapter 0.55X can be mounted on the vertical tube section of the trinocular eyepiece tube. To mount the adapter, remove the cap from the vertical tube section of the trinocular eyepiece tube, insert the vertical tube adapter, and fix it with three screws on the vertical tube section with the attached tool.

his picture shows the TV vertical tube

adapter and C mount adapter.

Disabling the Clicking of the Optical Path Selection Lever

The trinocular eyepiece tube has a “NO CLICK” switch on the tube attaching surface. Slide this switch in the direction of the arrow with the tip of a pointed tool to disable clicking for the optical path switching lever. Set the switch to this position if you need to eliminate the slight vibrations resulting from the clicking action.

Optical path selection lever

TV vertical tube adapter

Page 36

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.4 Stage Vertical Movement (Focusing)

3.4

3.4.1

3.4.2

Stage Vertical Movement (Focusing)

Prohibited Actions

Avoid the following actions, which can cause equipment malfunctions. Never do them at all.

• Rotating the right and left coarse/fine focus knobs in opposite directions.

• Rotating the coarse focus knob past the stopper.

Knob Rotation and Stage Movement

To move the stage up/down, rotate the coarse focus knob or the fine focus knob located on both sides of the microscope.

You can move the stage up/down to focus on the specimen by rotating these knobs.

To lower the stage Turn the knob toward the front.

To raise the stage Turn the knob toward the back.

3.4.3

Number of Knob Turns and Distance of Stage Travel

Number of knob turns Distance of stage travel (vertical direction)

Coarse focus knob 1 turn Approx. 13.8 mm

Fine focus knob 1 turn Approx. 0.1 mm

Fine focus knob 1 notch

The vertical motion range (coarse/fine focus stroke) of the stage is from 2 mm above the focal point (reference position) to approximately 28 mm below the focal point.

1 µm

Fine focus knob

Coarse focus knob

Page 37

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.4 Stage Vertical Movement (Focusing)

3.4.4

3.4.5

Adjusting the Rotating Torque of the Coarse Focus Knob

Adjust the rotation torque of the coarse focus ring (rotation resistance) by turning the torque adjustment ring (TORQUE) located at the base of the coarse focus knob. If the torque is too low, the stage may descend with its own weight.

Rotate the ring in the

direction of arrow

Rotate the ring in the

direction opposite to arrow

To make the knob harder to

turn

To make the knob easier to

turn

Coarse focus torque adjustment ring

Coarse Focus Stopper Ring

When the coarse focus stopper ring is rotated in the direction of the arrow (labeled “CLAMP→”), the coarse focus knob cannot be used to move the stage any higher.

(Movement of the stage by the fine focus knob is not restricted.)

If you must change specimens and move the stage up/down repeatedly, it will save your time for focusing that the coarse focus stopper ring is fixed at the focus point.

Example usage

With the sample in focus, turn the coarse focus stopper ring as far as it goes in the direction of the arrow (labeled “CLAMP→”). When changing the sample, lower the stage by turning only the coarse focus knob. After changing the sample, gently raise the stage by turning only the coarse focus knob as far as it goes. The sample should be roughly in focus.

Rotate the ring in the direction of arrow as far as it goes

Rotate the ring in the direction opposite to arrow as far as it goes

To restrict the movement of the coarse focus knob

To release the restriction

Coarse focus stopper ring

Page 38

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.5 Stage Rotation

3.5

3.5.1

3.5.2

Stage Rotation

To rotate the circular graduated stage, loosen the stage rotation clamp screw and turn the whole stage carefully by hand.

The angle of rotation can be read to 0.1 degrees with the two vernier scales.

Attachable Mechanical Stage (Option)

The optional attachable mechanical stage is installed by inserting the two pins on the bottom into the two pinholes on the stage surface. Tighten the clamp screw using the supplied hexagonal wrench.

Vernier

Stage rotation clamp screw

Clamp screw

Positioning pins

To move the specimen position under observation, rotate the knob on the stage. You can adjust the position in the X-direction and Y-direction individually. (Travel range: 35 x 25 mm) The travel amount can be read to 0.1 mm with the two vernier scales.

Specimens are fixed with a lever. So you can change specimens with easy operation.

Page 39

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.6 Diopter Adjustment

3.6

Diopter Adjustment

Diopter adjustment compensates for differences in visual acuity between the right and left eyes, improving binocular observation. It also minimizes focal deviations when switching objectives.

In the case of a polarizing microscope, since an eyepiece containing crosshairs is used for the right eye, the procedure for adjusting the diopter differs from that of an ordinary microscope.

(1) Observe the right eyepiece with the right eye.

Turn the diopter adjustment ring to bring the crosshair in the eyepiece into focus.

(2) Still observe the right eyepiece with the right

eye. Turn the fine/coarse focus adjustment knob to bring the specimen on the stage into focus.

(3) Observe the left eyepiece with the left eye.

Turn the diopter adjustment ring on the eyepiece to bring the specimen into focus. (not the fine/coarse focus adjustment knob)

(3) Focus on the specimen with the left eye.

(1) Focus on the crosshair with the right eye.

(2) Focus on the specimen with the right eye.

3.7

Interpupillary Distance Adjustment

Interpupillary adjustment improves the ease of binocular observation.

Perform steps 1 to 12 in “2.1 Diascopic Bright-Field Microscopy” and focus on the specimen using the 10x objective. Then, move the eyepiece sleeve until the view fields for the right and left eyes coincide.

View field

Converge until the right and left view fields coincide.

Page 40

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.8 Adjusting the Condenser Position

3.8

Adjusting the Condenser Position

Adjust the condenser position (focusing and centering) so that the light passing through the condenser forms an image at the correct location (center of the optical path) on the specimen surface.

(1) Perform steps in “2.1 Diascopic Bright-Field

Microscopy” and focus on the specimen using the 10x objective.

(2) Stop down the field diaphragm to the

minimum setting.

(3) Turn the condenser focus knob to form the

field diaphragm image on the specimen surface.

(4) Turn the condenser centering screws so that

the field diaphragm image is positioned in the center of the view field.

(5) Move the 40X objective into the optical path.

Turn the coarse/fine focus knobs and focus on the specimen.

(6) Turn the condenser focus knob to form the

field diaphragm image on the specimen surface.

Move the field diaphragm control to stop down the field diaphragm to its minimum setting.

(7) Turn the condenser centering screws so that

the field diaphragm image is positioned in the center of the view field. This is easiest if you set the field diaphragm aperture to slightly smaller than the eyepiece view field.

Condenser focus knob

Condenser centering screw

Field diaphragm image Field diaphragm image

Eyepiece viewfield

Page 41

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.9 Adjusting the Aperture Diaphragm

3.9

3.9.1

Adjusting the Aperture Diaphragm

The aperture diaphragm for the diascopic microscopy is adjusted with the condenser aperture diaphragm knob. For the diaphragms of the epi illuminator, refer to “3.17 Episcopic microscopy.”

For the Bright-field Microscopy and the Orthoscopic Microscopy

The numerical aperture for the condenser can be read with the scale on it. You can adjust the numerical aperture with the scale. For the bright-field microscopy and the orthoscopic microscopy, set the index of the aperture diaphragm to the point between 70% and 80% of the numerical aperture of the objective in normal cases. The numerical aperture of the objective is labeled on its side.

Numerical aperture

X/ 0.65

/0.17 WD 0.65

0.65 x 0.7 ~ 0.8 = 0.455 ~ 0.52

Objective

X/0.65

/0.17 WD 0.65

40x

Condenser aperture diaphragm knob

The aperture diaphragm is important because it is related to the resolution, contrast, depth of focus and brightness of the optical image. Turning the condenser aperture diaphragm ring changes the size of the aperture diaphragm.

As the aperture diaphragm is stopped down, resolution and brightness are reduced while contrast and depth of focus are increased. Conversely, as the aperture diaphragm is opened, resolution and brightness are increased while contrast and depth of focus are reduced. It is not possible to adjust one pair of characteristics without affecting the other. Generally, a satisfactory image with appropriate contrast can be obtained with an aperture setting that is 70% to 80% of the numerical aperture of the objective. The numerical aperture is indicated on the barrel of each objective.

An indication of 40×/0.65 means that the magnification is 40× and the numerical aperture is 0.65.

If the aperture diaphragm is stopped down too far, the resolution is reduced; therefore, except when viewing a nearly transparent specimen, we do not recommend stopping down the aperture to less than 60% of the numerical aperture of the objective.

Adjusting the size of the aperture diaphragm according to the condenser scale

Since the condenser scale indicates the numerical aperture, adjust the aperture diaphragm ring according to the scale. (Normally, the index on the aperture diaphragm ring should be aligned with the scale line corresponding to 70% to 80% of the numerical aperture of the objective.)

Adjusting the size of the aperture diaphragm using the Bertrand lens

Insert the Bertrand lens into the optical path (by placing in position “B”). Turn the diaphragm control ring to stop down the aperture diaphragm to its minimum setting. Turn the Bertrand lens focus ring to focus on the aperture diaphragm image. Turn the diaphragm control ring to adjust the aperture diaphragm. (This is normally adjusted to 70-80% of the view field.)

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Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.10 Selecting a Condenser

3.9.2

3.10

For Conoscopic Microscopy

For the conoscopic microscopy, the condenser aperture diaphragm functions as a field diaphragm on the conoscopic image surface. Stop down the diaphragm until it circumscribes the circumference of the view field of the conoscopic image (pupil of the objective).

Selecting a Condenser

To perform the polarization microscopy, the P swing-out condenser must be used.

Objective

magnification

10x to 100x

Depending on the type of objective, the indicated numerical aperture of the objective may not be achieved.

P swing-out condenser

(✓: suitable, -: not suitable)

Note 1

✓

Note 1: Swing out the top lens before use.

For example, when an objective with an N.A. of 1.4 is used, the maximum aperture of the P swing-out condenser will be only about 65% of the objective's N.A., even when the condenser aperture diaphragm is fully open.

How to use the P swing-out condenser

The top lens of the P swing-out condenser can be moved outside the optical path with the swing-out knob.

During normal bright-field microscopy or orthoscopic microscopy using a low-power objective of 4× or lower, swing out the top lens.

During microscopies using an objective of 10X or higher or conoscopic microscopy, the top lens is placed into the optical path.

During measurement of retardation or evaluation by interference color, swing out the top lens (the condenser aperture diaphragm may be stopped down) and illuminate with light that is as parallel to the optical axis as possible.

op lens

Swing-out knob

Page 43

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.11 Adjusting the Field Diaphragm

3.11

Adjusting the Field Diaphragm

The field diaphragm restricts illumination to the area of the specimen that is being viewed.

Operating the field diaphragm control changes the size of the field diaphragm. For normal observation, the size of the diaphragm should be such that it is just outside the edge of the viewfield.

If a broader area than necessary is illuminated, stray light will enter the optical system, creating flaring, reducing the contrast of the optical image, and expanding the area of color fading of the specimen. Appropriate field diaphragm settings are particularly important for photomicrography and digital image capturing.

In general, good results will be obtained by stopping down the field diaphragm to settings slightly wider than the area to be reproduced within the photo frame or monitor display.

For the field diaphragm of the epi illuminator,

refer to “3.16 Episcopic microscopy.”

Field diaphragm control

3.12

Setting a Filter on the Field Lens

You can attach a filter of 45 mm diameter into the filter pocket of the field lens part (beneath the condenser). (option)

Filter Application

NCB 11 (color balancing filter) For color balance adjustment and color photomicrography

ND 16 (transmittance: 6%) For brightness adjustment

GIF For retardation measurement and contrast adjustment

Page 44

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.13 Centering the Objective

3.13

Centering the Objective

To perform the polarization microscopy, the center of the objective optical path must be aligned to the rotation center of the circular graduated stage. This product comes with the centering nosepiece. You can perform the centering adjustment for each objective.

Required tools: two centering tools (provided with the nosepiece)

(1) Before centering the objecives, focus on a

specimen using the 10X objective.

(2) Bring an appropriate target such as granules

that can be easily used as a marker in the specimen to the center of the crosshairs of the eyepiece.

(3) Insert the centering tools into the centering

screws on the nosepiece.

(4) Rotate the stage about 180°. Move the

objective using the centering tools so that the center of the crosshairs moves by one-half the amount of movement of the target.

(5) Move the specimen and bring the target to the

center of the crosshairs.

(6) Repeat this procedure several times. Carry out

this centering procedure for each objective.

Special tools are provided with the nosepiece. Insert the special tools into the centering screw holes on both sides to center the

180° rotation

arget

objective.

Middle point of the movement

Page 45

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.14 Oil Immersion Operation

3.14

Oil Immersion Operation

Objectives marked “oil” are oil-immersion type objectives. These objectives are used with immersion oil (option) between the specimen and the tip of the objective. Bubbles in the oil will adversely affect the viewing of the image. Be careful to prevent bubbles from forming. To check for air bubbles, fully open the field diaphragm and aperture diaphragm, remove the eyepiece, and examine the pupil (bright round section) of the objective inside the eyepiece tube. If it is difficult to ascertain the presence of bubbles, place the Bertrand lens into the optical path. Then, check for air bubbles while turning the Bertrand lens focus ring to change the focus. (P.48):

• Turn the nosepiece slightly to move the oil-immersed objective back and forth once or twice. (In the case of the condenser, gently turn the condenser focus knob to move the condenser up and down slightly.)

• Apply more oil.

• Remove the oil and replace it with new oil.

Use as little oil as possible (just enough to fill the space between the tip of the objective and the specimen, or between the tip of the condenser and the specimen). If too much oil is applied, the excess oil will flow onto the stage or around the condenser.

Wipe off oil

Any oil remaining on the oil-immersion objective or adhering to the dry-type objective will noticeably degrade image quality. After use, thoroughly wipe off all oil, and make sure that no oil remains on the tips of other objectives. Oil on the condenser should also be wiped away carefully after use.

Use petroleum benzine to wipe off immersion oil. For optimum results, we recommend following up petroleum benzine with absolute alcohol (ethyl or methyl alcohol).

If petroleum benzine is unavailable, use methyl alcohol alone. However, methyl alcohol does not clean as well as petroleum benzene, it will be necessary to wipe the surface repeatedly. (Usually, three or four times are sufficient to clean the lenses.)

CAUTION

When using petroleum benzine or absolute alcohol, always follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. These liquids are highly flammable and must be kept away from flames and sparks.

Page 46

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.15 Water Immersion Operation

3.15

Wipe off water

Water Immersion Operation

Objectives marked “WI” or “W” are water-immersion type objectives. These objectives are used with immersion water (distilled water or physiological saline) applied between the specimen and the tip of the objective. Microscopy procedures are the same as for oil-immersion type objectives.

Since water evaporates readily, monitor the immersion water during observation. Avoid using too much water, since excess water will flow onto the stage and around the condenser, promoting corrosion.

After use, wipe off water from the tip of the objective and condenser, then follow up by wiping with absolute alcohol.

If you observe water stains, apply a small amount of neutral detergent and wipe gently, then follow up with absolute alcohol.

Page 47

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.16 Polarization Microscopy

3.16

3.16.1

Polarizer for the diascopic microscopy

Polarizer for the episcopic microscopy

Polarization Microscopy

Operation of the Polarizers

To perform the diascopic polarization microscopy, attach the polarizer for the diascopic microscopy at the bottom of the condenser.

The orientation indicator (a circle mark on the outer frame of the polarizer) must be facing toward the operator. For farther information, refer to P.47.

To perform episcopic polarization microscopy, attach the polarizer for the episcopic microscopy into the epi illuminator.

Insert the polarizer slider with the orientation index facing front side (eyepiece side).

Pushing the polarizer slider in to the first clickstop position inserts the empty hole into the optical path. Pushing it further in to the second clickstop position inserts the polarizer into the optical path.

Dia polarizer

Orientation plate

Epi polarizer

Set the orientation of the polarizer by turning the polarizer rotating ring.

Polarizer orientation (Polarizer rotating ring)

Lateral direction

Vertical direction

Page 48

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.16 Polarization Microscopy

3.16.2

Operation of the Analyzer

Attach/detach the analyzer

The intermediate tube has the analyzer slider. The analyzer can be placed into the optical path with the operation of the slider.

To place the analyzer into the optical path, pull out the slider. To remove the analyzer from the optical path, push in the slider.

The analyzer is designed to be inserted from the right side in normal use, but it can be inserted from the left. In the later case, its scale displays the opposite way. Be careful.

Rotate the analyzer

The analyzer slider has a rotating dial. The orientation of the analyzer can be rotated with it.

To adjust the analyzer, loosen the analyzer rotation clamp screw and rotate the rotating dial.

The angle of rotation can be read from 0 to 180 degrees in steps of 0.1 degrees with the two vernier scales.

The intermediate tube also has a de-polarizer. So, you can use the photomicrography devices independently of the orientation of the polarizer.

Pulled out IN

Push in OUT

OUT

Analyzer rotation clamp screw

Analyzer slider

Slider Analyzer

110

120

150

160

170

Analyzer rotating dial

130

140

Vernier

100

Page 49

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.16 Polarization Microscopy

3.16.3

Azimuth adjustment of the polarizer and analyzer

For the diascopic observation

(1) Push in the analyzer setting knob to move the

analyzer out of the optical path.

(2) Focus on the specimen.

(3) Pull out the analyzer setting knob to move the

analyzer into the optical path.

(4) Turn the analyzer rotation dial and align at

the “0” position on the scale.

(5) Move the dia polarizer into the optical path.

(6) Move the specimen out of the optical path.

(7) Move the Bertrand lens into the optical path.

The pupil of the objective will then be visible through the eyepiece. Turn the dia polarizer and adjust so that the dark cross image appears in the pupil as shown in the figure.

This is so-called the crossed Nicols position, where the orientations of the polarizer and analyzer coincide with those of the orientation plate on the top of the microscope base (the polarizer, P, is in the X direction and the analyzer, A, is in the Y direction).

Dia polarizer

Orientation plate

OUT

100

110

160

170

Dark cross

120

150

130

140

Analyzer scale: 0

It should be noted that the X direction is explained as that of the analyzer and Y direction as that of the polarizer in some commercially available technical manuals and reference books.

(1) Push in the analyzer setting knob to move the analyzer out of the optical path.

(2) Place a dummy specimen. It must have high reflectance with optical isotropy, for

example a mirror. And then, focus on the specimen.

(3) Pull out the analyzer setting knob to move the analyzer into the optical path.

(4) Turn the analyzer rotation dial and align at the “0” position on the scale.

(5) Push in the polarizer slider on the epi illuminator to place the epi polarizer into the

optical path.

(6) Move the Bertrand lens into the optical path. Turn the polarizer rotating ring on the

epi polarizer and adjust so that the dark cross image appears in the pupil as shown in the figure.

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Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.16 Polarization Microscopy

3.16.4

Setting the Bertrand lens

Focusing and centering the Bertrand lens

Bertrand Lens Operation

The intermediate tube has the Bertrand lens. The Bertrand lens can be placed into the optical path to perform the conoscope observation.

Put the Bertrand lens turret in the “B” position to move the Bertrand lens into the optical path.

Put the Bertrand lens turret in the “O” position to remove the Bertrand lens from the optical path.

The objective pupil positions vary by magnification and type. So, when objectives are switched, the Bertrand lens must be focused for each time.

Besides, the Bertrand lens must be centered so that it is aligned to the optical path of the objective. Note that you need not center the Bertrand lens each time if you have centered the objective already. (P. 42)

Bertrand lens turret

In this adjustment, the aperture diaphragm image is used in the same manner as the condenser lens adjustment. Do as follows:

(1) Refer to “2.1 Diascopic Bright-Field

Microscopy” to focus on the specimen. And then, focus and center the condenser.

(2) Move the Bertrand lens into the optical path.

(3) Stop down the aperture diaphragm of the

condenser to get a diaphragm image into view.

(4) Perform the focusing for the Bertrand lens.

Adjust the Bertrand lens focus ring on the polarizing intermediate tube to get a clear image of the diaphragm.

(5) Fully stop down the aperture diaphragm of

the condenser.

(6) Center the Bertrand lens. Rotate two

centering screws on the polarizing intermediate tube so that the diaphragm image comes to the center of the field of view.

Bertrand lens centering screws

Bertrand lens focus ring

Page 51

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.16 Polarization Microscopy

3.16.5

P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate

P-CL 1/4λ & Tint Plate

The intermediate tube has a slot for the P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate. It is used not only for the plate but also for the optional P-CS Senarmont compensator or P-CQ quartz wedge to perform the retardation measurement.

To use an objective of 10X or higher magnification in standard observation, place the top lens of the P swing-out condenser into the optical path or pull out the slider of the slide condenser. To perform the retardation measurement or to perform evaluation by interference color, the illumination light must be as parallel to the optical axis as possible. So, the condenser aperture diaphragm must be stopped down or the top lens of the P swing-out condenser must be swung out (the aperture diaphragm is fully opened) even if an objective of 10X or higher is used.

The P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate has an empty hole in the center. By pushing it into the slot, the sensitive color plate (530 nm) is brought into the optical path. Pulling it out brings the 1/4λ plate into the optical path.

This plate is used for recognition of very weak birefringence and the determination of X' and Z' of the specimen.You can measure retardation of light up to 1λ with the following steps.

P-CL 1/4 λ & tint plate

P-CS Senarmont compensator

Remove the P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate from the slot of the intermediated tube and insert the P-CS Senarmont compensator into the slot.

You can measure retardation of light up to 1λ with the following steps.

1 Determination of extinction position

Rotate the stage with the specimen under the crossed Nicols to find the direction where the part of the specimen to be measured appears darkest.

2 Determination of subtraction position

Rotate the stage 45° from the extinction position to the diagonal position. If the interference color changes toward the higher order side, rotate the stage another 90°.

3 Measurement

Place the GIF filter on the field lens and replace the P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate with the P-CS Sénarmont compensator. Rotate the analyzer so that the section of the specimen to be measured becomes darkest. When the rotation angle of the analyzer at that time is taken to be theta (θ) degrees, then retardation (R) (nm) is determined with the following formula:

R = θ λ（λ: wavelength） 180

The value of λ when using the GIF filter is 546 nm.

P-CS senarmont compensator

Page 52

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.16 Polarization Microscopy

P-CQ quartz wedge

The P-CQ quartz wedge is used by inserting it into the slot of the intermediate tube in place of the P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate.

The quartz wedge is engraved with a scale and can be used for rough measurement of retardation in the range of 1λ to 6λ.

P-CQ quarts wedge

1 Determination of extinction position

Rotate the stage with the specimen under the crossed Nicols to find the direction where the part of the specimen to be measured appears darkest.

2 Determination of subtraction position

Rotate the stage 45° from the extinction position to the diagonal position (direction where the specimen appears brightest). Insert the P-CQ quartz wedge into the slot of the intermediate tube and confirm that the interference color of the section of the specimen to be measured changes toward the lower order side. If the interference color changes toward the higher order side, rotate the stage another 90°.

3 Measurement

Move the section of the specimen to be measured to the center of the crosshairs of the eyepiece. Next, slide the P-CQ quartz wedge along the slot and observe that the interference color sequentially changes. Stop sliding the quartz wedge where the dark stripe covers the section of the specimen to be measured. Reading the value from the quartz wedge scale at that time can make a rough measurement of retardation.Retardation can be measured even more accurately by using the P-CS Sénarmont compensator in combination with the P-CQ quartz wedge.

Read the scale.

Page 53

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.17 Episcopic Microscopy

3.17

3.17.1

Episcopic Microscopy

To perform episcopic microscopy, attach the LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator to the microscope.

Switching the Episcopic Illumination

You can switch the illumination between the bright-field and the dark-field to be used for the episcopic microscopy by operating the illumination selection lever on the right side of the epi illuminator.

For the bright-field, push in the lever.

When the lever is pulled out, the dark-field is specified. But you cannot perform the episcopic dark-field microscopy using this microscope.

* The dark-field setting (DF) is used for the diascopic

illumination.

Lever position Illumination method

Illumination selection lever

3.17.2

Push in (BF) Episcopic bright-field ( and Episcopic polarization microscopy)

Pull out (DF) Diascopic illumination (The dark-field microscopy is not available.)

Field Diaphragm in the Epi Illuminator

The field diaphragm restricts illumination to the area of the specimen that is being viewed. Operating the field diaphragm open/close lever changes the size of the field diaphragm. For normal observation, the size of the diaphragm should be such that it is just outside (or inside) the edge of the viewfield. If a broader area than necessary is illuminated, stray light will enter the optical system, creating flaring, and reducing the contrast of the optical image.

Appropriate field diaphragm settings are particularly important for photomicrography and digital image capturing. In general, good results will be obtained by stopping down the field diaphragm to settings slightly wider than the area to be reproduced within the photo frame or monitor display.

Field diaphragm open/close lever

Field diaphragm centering screw (both side)

Field diaphragm ima

Eye piece viewfield

Page 54

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

pen/

3.17 Episcopic Microscopy

Centering the field diaphragm

(1) Perform steps in “2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)” and focus on

the specimen using the 10X objective under the episcopic illumination.

(2) Lower the field diaphragm open/close lever to stop down the field diaphragm.

(3) Turn the field diaphragm centering screws (on both sides) so that the field diaphragm

image is positioned in the center of the view field.

(4) Adjust the field diaphragm image with the field diaphragm open/close lever and centering

screws so that it inscribes the view field.

(5) To observe the specimen, raise the field diaphragm open/close lever so that the field

diaphragm image circumscribes the view field.

Field diaphragm image

3.17.3

Eye piece viewfield

Aperture Diaphragm in the Epi Illuminator

Since the aperture diaphragm is for adjusting the numerical aperture of the illumination system, this diaphragm is related to the resolution, contrast, and depth of focus of the optical image.

The aperture diaphragm open/close lever will change the opening of the aperture diaphragm. Remove one of the eyepieces, and then adjust the aperture diaphragm opening while observing the objective's exit pupil in the eyepiece tube. Generally, the aperture diaphragm should be adjusted to about 70 to 80% of the numerical aperture of the objective.

The diaphragm image may not appear in the case of samples with low reflectivity. In this case, change to a sample with a near-polished surface.

Aperture diaphragm o

close lever

Eye piece viewfield

70~80

100

Aperture diaphragm image

Page 55

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.17 Episcopic Microscopy

3.17.4

Operating Filter on the Epi Illuminator

The LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator has two filter sliders. You can use suitable filters by operating the filter sliders.

Filters Usage

NCB11 (color balancing filter) For color balance adjustment and color photomicrography

ND4 (ND filter) Brightness adjustment (transmittance 25%)

ND16 (ND filter) Brightness adjustment (transmittance 6%)

GIF (green interference filter) Contrast adjustment

IF (interference filter) For interference

Filter sliders

Page 56

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.18 Image Capturing

3.18

3.18.1

3.18.2

Image Capturing

Microscopy images can be captured by attaching a camera head to the trinocular eyepiece tube.

For detailed information, refer to the operating manual provided with the camera head or camera control software.

Proper adjustment of light intensity and focus on the microscope are important for obtaining clear images. Listed below are key considerations in capturing clear images.

Adjusting Light Intensity

• Lamp voltage: If accurate color reproduction is critical, set the brightness control

knob to a midpoint setting and use the ND filters to make brightness adjustments.

• Filter: Place a commercially available color compensation filter on the filter

pocket at the microscope base, as necessary.

Adjusting the Condenser

• Focus and center the condenser always.

3.18.3

3.18.4

• Center the annular diaphragm for the phase contrast microscopy.

• For normal operations, set the diaphragm aperture to 70 to 80% of the N.A. of the

objective.

Confirming the Photomicrographic Range

The image on the monitor represents the photomicrographic range.

Confirming the Focus

Check the focus by viewing through the eyepiece and viewing the monitor. If the focal positions for the two images differ, adjust the focal position adjustment screw at the camera port.

Page 57

Chapter 3 Individual Operations

3.18 Image Capturing

3.18.5

3.18.6

Making Adjustments to Keep out Ambient Light

• Field diaphragm: Stop down the diaphragm to a setting just slightly wider than the

area shown on the monitor.

• Eyepiece: Cover the eyepiece with a piece of cloth.

Anti-vibration Measures

If the exposure is less than 1/8 of a second, reduce light intensity with ND filters to make exposures longer than 1/8 of a second. (If accurate color reproduction is not important, you can use the brightness control knob to reduce light intensity.)

Page 58

Assembly

4.1

Eyepieces

Polarizing intermediate tube (with analyzer slider)

DIN slot

Attachable mechanical stage

40 50 60 70 80

System Configuration

TV vertical tube adapter

Eyepieces

Binocular eyepiece tube

Quintuple centering nosepiece

Objectives

Specimen holders (x2)

3020100

Trinocular eyepiece tube

TV vertical tube adapter

0.55X

Polarizer slider

Epi illuminator

6V 30W halogen lamp

P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate

P-CS Senarmont compensator

P-CQ quartz wedge

Filter slider (x2)

Lamphouse

Lamp cable

POWER

MIN. MAX.

Lamp power supply

Filters

12V 50W halogen lamp

Circular graduated stage

Dia polarizer

P swing-out condenser

0.90 JAPAN

0.20.8 0.6 0.4

0 9

0 0 8

0 0 7

0 0 6

50i POL main unit

Power cord

Lamp cover

Power cord

Page 59

Chapter 4 Assembly

4.2

Assembly Procedure

Checking the input voltage

Make sure that the input voltage indicated on the back panel of the microscope is the same as the voltage provided in your area.

Attaching the circular graduated stage

(1) Remove the cushioning material from the substage

CAUTION

If the indicated voltage is different, do not use the microscope. Contact your nearest Nikon representative.

section and turn the coarse focus handle until the elevating section is brought to the lowermost position.

Specimen holder

Input voltage indication

Specimen holder

(2) Loosen the clamp screw for the circular graduated

stage.

(3) Place the circular graduated stage on the substage.

The stage must be level when fixed and its clamp screw must be located facing the front side.

(4) If necessary, attach the specimen holders into the

hole on the stage. For information about the optional attachable mechanical stage, see “3.5.2 Attachable Mechanical Stage (Option).”

Attaching the condenser

To perform the polarization microscopy, the P swing-out condenser must be attached.

(1) Turn the coarse focus knob until the elevating

section is raised to the uppermost position.

(2) Turn the condenser focus knob until the substage is

brought to the lowermost position.

(3) Insert the condenser and adjust so that it faces

toward the front. Secure in place with the tool stored in the back of the microscope.

(4) Turn the condenser focus knob until the substage is

raised to the uppermost position.

Condenser focus knob

Clamp screw for the condenser

Clamp screw for the stage

Page 60

Chapter 4 Assembly

Attaching the nosepiece

Attach the P-N quintuple centering nosepiece on this microscope.

(1) Lift the nosepiece from a position just forward of

the point directly below the fitting part and slide toward the back to attach. Continue sliding the nosepiece until its front position is aligned with that of the fitting part.

(2) Secure in place with the tool stored in the back of

the microscope.

Attaching objectives

Lower the stage completely. Screw objectives into the nosepiece so that the magnification increases with the clockwise rotation (as viewed from above the microscope) of the nosepiece.

Caution when removing objectives

When removing the objectives, remove the sample from the stage. Lower the stage completely, and hold each objective using both hands so that it does not fall during the removal.

Clamp screw for the nosepiece

Attaching the epi illuminator (for the episcopic microscopy)

The LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator can be attached to this microscope.

(1) Loosen sufficiently the illuminator clamp screw on

the side of the microscope arm.

(2) Mount the illuminator onto the microscope arm and

fix it by tightening the illuminator clamp screw.

(3) Secure the illuminator on the microscope arm. Do

this by tightening the four hex screws supplied with the illuminator using the hexagonal wrench.

(4) Cover the screw holes with the protective stickers

supplied with the illuminator.

(5) Refer to the instruction manual for the epi

illuminator. And attach the filter slider, polarizer slider, dummy slider, and so on to the epi illuminator.

Illuminator clamp screw

Hex screws to fix the epi illuminator

Epi illuminator in place

Page 61

Chapter 4 Assembly

Attaching the lamphouse for the epi illuminator

CAUTION

• To prevent electrical shock and damage to the microscope, always turn off the power switch (flip it to the “O” side) and unplug the power cord from the outlet before attaching or detaching the lamphouse.

• To prevent burn injury, allow the lamp and the lamphouse to cool down sufficiently (for at least 30 minutes after the lamp is turned off), before replacing the lamp.

• Use the Nikon LV-LH50PC halogen lamphouse for the lamphouse.

(1) Loosen the clamp screw on the top side of the

lamphouse connector by using the hexagonal screwdriver.

(2) Mount the lamphouse to the connection port on

the rear of the illuminator and press the lamphouse as far as it goes.

(3) Using the hexagonal screwdriver supplied with

the microscope, tighten the clamp screw on the top of the connection port of the lamphouse to secure it.

(4) Connect the cable of the lamphouse with the

connector on the power supply device using an extension cord.

Mount the lamphouse

ighten the clamp csrew.

house

lam

The power line connection for the power supply device must be performed after attachment steps for other devices. For details, refer to the instruction manuals provided with the power supply device.

To power supply

Page 62

Chapter 4 Assembly

yep

Attaching the polarizing intermediate tube

(1) Loosen sufficiently the clamp screw for the intermediate tube (or the illuminator) on the

microscope arm.

Use the tool provided with the microscope to loosen the clamp screw for the epi illuminator.

(2) Fit the circular dovetail of the polarizing

intermediate tube into the circular dovetail groove of the microscope arm (or of the epi illuminator).

When fitting, insert the positioning pin on the

polarizing intermediate tube into the receiving groove on the arm (or the epi illuminator).

(3) Secure the polarizing intermediate tube by

tightening the clamp screw.

Use the tool provided with the microscope to

tighten the clamp screw for the epi illuminator.

Remove any looseness between the positioning pin and groove by pushing in the intermediate tube while rotating in the clockwise direction.

Attaching the eyepiece tube

(1) Completely loosen the eyepiece tube clamp screw

on the intermediate tube with the provided tool.

(2) Fit the circular dovetail of the eyepiece tube into

the circular dovetail groove of the intermediate tube.

Plarizing intermediate tube

Clamp screw for the e

iece

iece tube

When fitting, insert the positioning pin on the

eyepiece tube in the receiving groove on the intermediate tube.

(3) Secure the eyepiece tube by tightening the clamp

screw.

Remove any looseness between the positioning pin and groove by pushing in the eyepiece tube while rotating in the clockwise direction.

Attaching the eyepieces

Attach eyepieces of the same magnification. Attach the eyepiece containing crosshairs on the right side so as to be viewed with the right eye. The sleeve has positioning pins. Insert the eyepieces by aligning the notches of the eyepieces with the protrusions of the eyepiece tube sleeves.

※

If necessary, insert the optional rubber eyeguard so

that they fit into the grooves around the outside of the eyepieces.

Protrusion

Notch

Eyepieces attached in place

Page 63

Chapter 4 Assembly

Attaching a camera (for the trinocular eyepiece tube)

To attach a photomicrography device such as a camera onto the vertical tube of the trinocular eyepiece tube, you must use two adapters: First, attach the TV vertical tube adapter or the TV vertical tube adapter 0.55X onto the trinocular eyepiece tube. Second, attach a suitable adapter for the camera mount part (C mount adapter or so on) onto the TV vertical adapter.

Check the mount part type of your camera and prepare the suitable adapter beforehand.

(1) Mount the TV vertical tube adapter or the TV vertical tube adapter 0.55X onto the vertical

tube section of the trinocular eyepiece tube.

(2) Attach the suitable adapter for the camera onto the tip of the TV vertical tube adapter.

(3) Attach the camera head to the adapter tip.

(4) Attach the camera cable to the camera head.

Adjust the camera head position before using the camera.

Attaching the power cord

(1) Check to confirm that the microscope power switch is off.

(2) Insert the power cord into the AC inlet at the back of the microscope.

(3) Insert the other end of the power cord into a wall outlet.

AC inlet

The microscope assembly is now completed.

Power switch for the microscope

Page 64

Replacing Consumables

5.1

Replacing the lamp for the diascopic illumination

(1) Remove the lamphouse cover on the back of

(2) Attach a new lamp.

(3) Replace the cover.

Replacing the lamp

CAUTION

• Be careful to avoid burns: Wait until the lamp and nearby parts have cooled before attempting to replace the lamp.

• Be careful to avoid electrical shock: Turn off the power switch and unplug the power cord from the outlet.

• Be careful to avoid abnormal heat generation: Use only the lamp specified.

• Be careful to avoid soiling: Avoid touching the bare lamp bulb with bare hands. Soiling will reduce the service life of the lamp.

the microscope. Remove the old lamp.

Avoid touching the bare lamp bulb with your bare hands.

Use only the lamp specified (PHILIPS

5761).

Engage the cover hook in the slot on the rear of the unit in the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure.

CAUTION

Be sure to attach the lamphouse cover. Failure to do so may result in burns or fire from the heat generated by the lamp.

Slot for cover hook

Lamp

Cover hook

Lamphouse cover

Page 65

Chapter 5 Replacing Consumables

5.1 Replacing the lamp

Replacing the lamp for the episcopic illumination

The lamp can be replaced without having to detach the lamphouse from the microscope.

Before starting the procedure below, be aware the following.

CAUTION

• To prevent burn injury, allow the lamp and the lamphouse to cool down sufficiently (for at least 30 minutes after the lamp is turned off), before replacing the lamp.

• Use the Nikon LV-HL50W 12V 50W LONGLIFE halogen lamp or non-Nikon 12V 50W SHORTLIFE halogen lamp (model OSRAM HLX 64610, OSRAM HLX 64611, or PHILIPS 7027) for the lamp. If you wish to buy these lamps, please contact your nearest Nikon representative.

• Do not touch the glass surface of the lamp with bare hands. Fingerprints or grease on the bulb surface will reduce the illumination intensity of the lamp. Wipe clean any fingerprints or grease attached to the surface.

• Securely attach the lamphouse cover to the lamphouse after replacing the lamp. Never light the lamp with the lamphouse cover removed.

• When you dispose of the replaced lamp, do not break it up. Instead, dispose of the used lamp as special industrial waste or dispose of it according to the local regulations and rules.

Page 66

Chapter 5 Replacing Consumables

5.1 Replacing the lamp

(1) Loosen the lamphouse cover clamp screw using the hexagonal wrench.

(2) Remove the lamphouse cover.

(3) Push down the lamp clamp lever and remove the old lamp.

(4) With the lamp clamp lever held down, insert the electrodes of a new lamp into the pin

holes of the socket. Press the lamp as far as it goes, and then release the lamp clamp lever to secure the lamp.

Be careful not to touch the glass surface with bare hands.

When releasing the lamp clamp lever, use care so that the lamp does not tilt.

(5) Close the lamphouse cover and secure it by tightening the clamp screw.

CAUTION

Be sure to attach the lamphouse cover. Failure to do so may result in burns or fire from the heat generated by the lamp.

Page 67

Troubleshooting

When the product does not function properly, take appropriate action as described below. If the problem is still not resolved after referring to "Troubleshooting," please contact your nearest Nikon representative.

6.1

Problem Cause Countermeasure

The viewfield is invisible, vignetted, or uneven in brightness.

Dir t or dust is s e e n i n t h e viewfield

The image quality is poor (too much or too little contrast, or poor resolution).

Optical System

Some parts are attached incorrectly.

Some movable part is not moved correctly.

The field diaphragm image is not focused on the specimen surface.

The field diaphragm is stopped down too far.

Dirt or dust exists on the lens or other optical element, or on the container.

The Bertrand lens is in the optical path

The top lens of the P swing-out condenser is not positioned properly.

The P-CL, P-CS, or P-CQ plate is not inserted correctly.

Dirt or dust exists on the lens or other optical element, or on the container.

The field diaphragm image is not focused on the specimen surface.

Dirt or dust exists on the lens or other optical element, or on the container.

Objective correction ring does not match the thickness of the container’s bottom plate.

The field diaphragm image is not focused on the specimen surface.

The cover glass is not suitable for the objective.

The cover glass is too thick.

There is no oil on the tip of an oil immersion type objective. The specified immersion oil is not being used.

There are bubbles in the immersion oil.

There is immersion oil on the tip of a dry type objective.

Attach the parts (nosepiece, condenser, filters, lamp, and so on) correctly.

Move parts (optical path select lever, nosepiece, filter slider and so on) to a clickstop position.

Focus and center the condenser.

Open the field diaphragm so that it is just outside of the viewfield.

Clean off the dirt. Use a clean container.

Place it out of the optical path.

Move them fully.

Move it to the correct position.

Clean off the dirt. Use a clean container.

Focus and center the condenser.

Clean off the dirt. Use a clean container.

Adjust the correction ring.

Focus and center the condenser.

Use a cover glass and an objective in the correct combination.

Use the specified type of cover glass (thickness: 0.17 mm).

Apply Nikon Immersion Oil.

Remove the bubbles.

Clean the components.

Page 68

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

6.1 Optical System

Problem Cause Countermeasure

The nosepiece is not attached correctly. Or its rotation has not stopped at the click stop position.

The focus is uneven.

The image is elongated.

The image is tinged yellow.

The image is too bright.

The brightness is insufficient.

The specimen is not secured in place on the stage surface.

The stage has been attached in out of perpendicular.

The specimen is tilted relative to the stage surface.

The nosepiece is not attached correctly. Or its rotation has not stopped at the click stop position.

The condenser has not been centered.

The stage has been attached in out of perpendicular.

The lamp voltage is too low.

No NCB filter is placed in the optical path.

No ND filter is placed in the optical path.

The lamp voltage is too high.

The condenser aperture diaphragm is stopped down too far.

The field diaphragm image is not focused on the specimen surface.

The optical path selection knob is not set to the 100% eyepiece.

Attach the nosepiece correctly. And rotate it to the click stop position.

Place the specimen properly on the stage.

Install the stage correctly.

Locate the specimen correctly on the stage.

Attach the nosepiece correctly. And rotate it to the click stop position.

Center the condenser.

Install the stage correctly.

Increase the lamp voltage with the brightness control knob. Or, push the preset switch.

Place it into the optical path.

Decrease the lamp voltage with the brightness control knob.

It should normally set to 70 to 80% of the numerical aperture of the objective.

Focus and center the condenser.

Set to the 100% eyepiece position.

Page 69

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

6.2 Mechanical System

6.2

Problem Possible causes Remedy

The image is not in focus although the objective is raised to the highest position.

Focusing is not possible with high-power objectives.

The objective strikes the specimen when changing from a low-power objective to a high-power objective.

When viewing through the binocular eyepiece, the image does not resolve into a single image.

Eye strain develops while viewing.

Mechanical System

The stage has been attached incorrectly.

The specimen is placed upside-down.

The cover glass is too thick.

The specimen is placed upside-down.

The cover glass is too thick.

The diopter adjustment has not been performed.

The interpupillary distance has not been adjusted.

The diopter adjustment has not been performed.

The interpupillary distance has not been adjusted.

The diopter adjustment has not been performed.

The brightness is not suitable.

Install the stage correctly.

Set the specimen on the stage with the cover glass facing up.

Use the specified type of cover glass (thickness: 0.17 mm).

Set the specimen on the stage with the cover glass facing up.

Use the specified type of cover glass (thickness: 0.17 mm).

Perform the diopter adjustment.

Adjust the interpupillary distance.

Perform the diopter adjustment.

Adjust the interpupillary distance.

Perform the diopter adjustment.

Adjust the brightness with the brightness control knob or ND filters.

6.3

Problem Possible causes Remedy

There is no power even though the power switch is on.

The lamp does not light.

The lamp burns out quickly.

The lamp flickers; the brightness is unstable.

Electrical System

The power cord is not connected, or is connected improperly.

No lamp is attached, or the lamp has burned out.

The lamp type is incorrect. Replace the lamp with a specified one.

The lamp has reached the end of its operational life.

The power cord is not connected securely.

The lamp has not been plugged into its socket securely.

Connect it properly.

Replace the lamp with a specified one.

Replace the lamp with a new one.

Connect it properly.

Install the lamp correctly.

Page 70

Care and Maintenance

7.1

Lens Cleaning

Do not let dust, fingerprint, etc. get on the lenses. Dirt on the lenses, filters, etc. will adversely affect the view of image. If any of the lenses get dirty, clean them as described below.

• Either brush away dust with a soft brush, or else gently wipe it off with a piece of gauze.

• Only if there are fingerprints or grease on a lens, dampen lightly a piece of soft, clean

cotton cloth, lens tissue, or gauze with absolute alcohol (ethyl or methyl) and gently wipe off the dirt.

• When removing the immersion oil off from the objective, use only petroleum benzine. For optimum results, we recommend following up petroleum benzine with absolute alcohol (ethyl or methyl alcohol). If petroleum benzine is unavailable, use methyl alcohol alone. However, methyl alcohol does not clean as well as petroleum benzine, it will be necessary to wipe the surface repeatedly. (Usually, three or four times are sufficient to clean the lenses.)

• Never use petroleum benzine to clean the entrance lens of the eyepiece tube or prism surface of the eyepiece tube.

• Absolute alcohol and petroleum benzine are highly flammable. Be careful when handling it, when around open flames, when turning the power switch on/off, etc.

• When using petroleum benzine or absolute alcohol, always follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer.

7.2

7.3

Cleaning the Product

• We recommend that you use a piece of silicon cloth to clean this product.

• For persistent dirt, dampen a piece of gauze with neutral detergent and wipe gently.

• Using organic solvents could result in discoloration of the plastic parts.

Disinfecting the Product

• We recommend that you use 70% medical alcohol for normal disinfection of this product.

• In case of spillage of a specimen onto this product, determine whether the specimen is

hazardous. If the specimen is hazardous, follow your standard facility procedures.

• Using organic solvents could result in discoloration of the plastic parts.

Page 71

Chapter 7 Care and Maintenance

7.4 Storage

7.4

7.5

Storage

• Store this product in a dry place where mold is not likely to form.

• Store the objectives and eyepieces in a desiccator or similar container with a drying

agent.

• Put the dust-proof cover over this product to protect it from dust.

• Before putting on the dust-proof cover, turn off the power switch of the microscope (flip it

to the “O” position) and wait until the lamphouse gets cool sufficiently

Periodical Inspection (Fee Charged)

Periodical inspections (expenses charged) of this product are recommended in order to maintain peak performance. Contact your nearest Nikon representative for details.

Page 72

Specifications

8.1

Specifications

Nikon microscope ECLIPSE 50i POL

Model ECLIPSE 50i POL

Optical system Infinity-corrected CF optical system

Objective: CFI60

Eyepiece: Field number 22 (for binocular eyepiece tube) Field number 25 (the trinocular eyepiece tube)

Nosepiece: quintuple (with centering mechanism for objectives)

Focusing mechanism Driving type: manual coarse/fine focusing type (calibration marking for fine

motion: 1 µm/marking)

Stroke: 2 mm up and 28 mm down from the reference (focused) position

with coarse focus stopper mechanism

Stage Provided with verniers

Provided with a rotation mechanism with a clamp

Provided with specimen holders

Illumination Internal Koehler-type diascopic illumination optics

Provided with a preset switch (and a preset brightness control)

Provided with a brightness control knob

Lamp ratings: 6V 30W halogen lamp (Philips 5761)

Average service life of the lamp: 100 hours

Input ratings

Power cord When used in 100-120V areas:

Operating conditions

100-120VAC/230VAC ±10%, 50/60Hz, 0.9A/0.5A.

UL-listed detachable power cord set (3 conductor grounding Type SVT, AWG 18, 3 m long maximum, rated at 125V AC minimum)

When used in 220-240V areas:

EU/EN-approved 3-conductor power cord set (3 conductor grounding Type H05VV-F, 3 m long maximum, rated at 250V AC minimum)

Temperature: 0°C to +40°C

Humidity: 85%RH max.（no condensation）

Altitude: 2000 m max.

Pollution degree: Degree 2

Installation category: Category II

Electric shock protection class: Class I

Transport/storage conditions

Indoor use only

Temperature: -20°C to +60°C

Humidity: 90% RH max. (no condensation)

Page 73

Chapter 8 Specifications

8.1 Specifications

External dimensions and weight (main unit)

Safety standard

External dimensions: 269 (W) x 375 (H) x 357 (D) mm (including intermediate tube and stage but excluding protrusions)

Weight: Approx. 11 kg

• This is UL-listed product. (UL61010A-1)

• This product meets FCC Part 15B Class A requirements.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a

Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.

These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful

interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy

and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.

Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful

interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

• This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003. Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

• This product complies with Australian EMC (AS/NZS CISPR11 Group 1 Class B).

CE Marking

• This product meets EU IVD Directive requirements. (GM-approved: In vitro diagnostic medical device)

• This product meets EU Low Voltage Directive requirements.

• This product meets EU EMC Directive requirements.(EN61326)