Nikon 1 J1 Reference guide (full instructions) [ar]

ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ

ﻲﻌﺟﺮﻣ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ

Ar

ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ ,ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻰﺼﻗﺃ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ .ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻚﺋﺍﺮﺸﻟ ﺍﺮﻜﺷ

ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺢﺒﺼﺗ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ

.ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ

.ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﰎ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺽﺍﺮﺘﻓﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺴﻔﺘﻟﺍ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﳌﺍﻭ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﰎ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻟﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﲢ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺜﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺘﻟ

ﻕﺎﳊﺇ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ؛ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﲢ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﳌﺍﻭ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﻟﺍ

D

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ؛ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ

A

.ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺼﻟ ﻊﺟﺍﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ

ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

"ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ" ﺏﺎﺑ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﺃﺮﻗﺍ ،ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﺮﻤﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

0

A

.(xii – x 0)

ii

0

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﳊﺍ

21

31

37

45

49

53

63

75

93

103

147

iv

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﺔﻘﻴﻧﺃ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻣ ﺔﻄﻘﻟ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﺔﺣﺎﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍ

ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍ

ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ

ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

s

z

8

y

9

7

t

I

Q

o

i

g

157

i

0

ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

n

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﳊﺍ

.ﺔﻌﺑﺭﻷﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻂﻘﺘﻟﺍ

ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟ (45 0) ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ q ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

،ﺓﺮﻴﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ

ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﻻ (31 0) ﺔﻘﻴﻧﺃ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﺐﻌﺼﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺮﺑﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻪﺟﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺒﻌﺗ ﻲﻓ

،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻗﻮﺗ

ﻭﺃ ،ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﻈﻌﳌ (21 0) ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟ (37 0) ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

.ﺔﻛﺮﳊﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﻄﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺡﻮﺿﻮﻟﺍ

ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻧﺍ w ،(75 0) ﻖﻓﺮﳌﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺒﺛ

ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ e ﻭ ،(79 0) ﻚﺑ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ ﺐﺳﺎﳊﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍﻭ

ﺓﺮﻴﺼﻗ ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﻹ Short Movie Creator ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ

w

e

r

.ﻰﻘﻴﺳﻮﳌﺍﻭ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺩﺍ

.(82 0)

q

ii

.ﻝﺎﻋ ﺡﻮﺿﻮﺑ ﺓﺮﻴﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﺍ

ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟ HDMI w ﻞﺑﺎﻛ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍﻭ (83 0) ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺮﻴﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﻞﻘﻧﺍ

.(84 0) HDTV ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻴﻠﺗ ﺯﺎﻬﺠﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ

ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺘﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻳﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻚﻗﺎﻓﺁ ﻊﹼﺳﻭ

.(157 0) ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍﻭ

q

ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ

iii

ﺪﻌﺑ

ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻋ

ﺹﺎﳋﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ

ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﺑ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ) ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ

(ﺞﻣﺪﻣ ﺹﺮﻗ

ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ii.............................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻟﺍ

iii ..................................................................................................................... ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ

iv ............................................................................................................... ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

x ..................................................................................................................ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

xiii .......................................................................................................................... ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

1 ...................................................................................................................................... ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

1 ..................................................................................................................ﺓﻮﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻣ

2 ...................................................................................................................... ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ

2...................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ

4..............................................................................................................................ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

5............................................................................................................. (ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ $

6......................................................................................................................ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

7.............................................................................................................ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ

8.......................................................................................................................(ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ &

9......................................................................................................................... G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

11 ................................................................................................................ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﺨﻟﺍ

21 ..............................................................................................................ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

21 ............................................................................ ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ

28 ....................................................................................................................... ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

29 ........................................................................................................................ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻑﺬﺣ

31 .................................................................................................... ﺔﻘﻴﻧﺃ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

31 ................................................................... ﺔﻘﻴﻧﺃ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ

34 ....................................................................................................................... ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

34 ........................................................................................................ﺔﻄﻘﻟ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

35 ........................................................................................................................ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻑﺬﺣ

ﻊﺿﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ

iv

37 ..........................................................................................................................ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

37 .......................................................................................................... ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺓﺩﻮﺠﺑ ﻢﻠﻴﻓﺃ

40 ..................................................................................................................... ﺔﺌﻴﻄﺑ ﺔﻛﺮﺣ

42 .......................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

43 ........................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﻑﺬﺣ

45 .......................................................................................................... ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻣ ﺔﻄﻘﻟ ﻊﺿﻭ

45 ................................................................................ ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻣ ﺔﻄﻘﻟ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

48 ............................................................................................. ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

48 .............................................................................................ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ

49 ...............................................................................................................ﺔﺣﺎﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

53 ..............................................................................................................ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﻤﻟﺍ

53 ....................................................................ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

56 ............................................................................................. ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

58 ............................................................................................................... ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ

59 ............................................................................................................ﺵﻼﻓ ﻊﺿﻭ

63 ................................................................................................................ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﻤﻟﺍ

63 ..............................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

66 ........................................................................................................... ﺓﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ ﺽﺮﻋ

67 ................................................................................................................... ﻢﻳﻮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

68 ................................................................................................................ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻡﻭﺯ

69 .......................................................................................................................... ﺭﻮﺻ ﻑﺬﺣ

69 .....................................................................................................ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ

69 ...................................................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

70 .................................................................................................................. ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺗ

71 ..................................................................................................................... ﺢﺋﺍﺮﺷ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

v

75 .................................................................................................................................. ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ

75 ...................................................................................................ﻖﻓﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﻴﺒﺜﺗ

77 .............................................................................................................ﻡﺎﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣ

79 .............................................................................. ﺐﺳﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗﻭ ﺽﺮﻋ

79 ........................................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻞﻘﻧ

80 .....................................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

82 ..........................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻴﺼﻗ ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ

84 ................................................................................... ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺗ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

84 ......................................................................................... ﺡﻮﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ

86 ....................................................................................................................... ﺭﻮﺻ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

86 ..............................................................................................................ﺔﻌﺑﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ

87 .................................................................................... ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﻮﻠﺗ ﺓﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

88 ..............................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺻ ﺓﺪﻋ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

92 ....................................................................ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ :DPOF ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﺮﻣﺃ

93 ....................................................................................................................... ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

95 ...............................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺻ ﺓﺪﻋ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

96 ........................................................................................................................ ﻲﻟﻮﻃ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ

96 .................................................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ

96 ........................................................................................................................... ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ

97 .........................................................................................................................D-Lighting

98 ....................................................................................................................ﻢﺠﺤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ

99 ............................................................................................................................ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ

100 .................................................................................................................ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ

103 .................................................................................................................. ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

105 ...................................................................................... ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ

106 ................................................................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

108 ................................................................................................. ﺞﻣﺮﺒﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻊﺿﻭ P

109 .................................................................................................ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﻖﻟﺎﻏ S

110 ............................................................................................... ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﺔﺤﺘﻓ A

111 .......................................................................................................................... ﻱﻭﺪﻳ M

ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ

vi

114 .................................................................................................................. ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

114 ................................................................................................................. ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ

116 .................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﻝﺪﻌﻣ

116 .............................................................................................................. ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

117 .............................................................................................................................. ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﻣ

118 ................................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ

119 ...................................................................................................................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

120 ....................................................................................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺘﻟ ﻖﻴﻗﺪﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ

121 .....................................................................................................ﻖﺒﺴﻣ ﻂﺒﻀﺑ ﻱﻭﺪﻳ

124 ...............................................................................................................ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

125 .............................................................................................................Picture Control

125 ...............................................................................................Picture Control ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ

129 ............................................................................................. ﻱﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﺍ Picture Control

129 .................................................................................................................ﻆﻔﺣ/ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ

130 .............................................................................ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻆﻔﺤﻟﺍ/ﻦﻣ ﻞﻴﻤﺤﺘﻟﺍ

131 ................................................................................................................ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ

132 ....................................................................................................... ﺔﻄﺸﻧ D-Lighting

133 .................................................................................NR ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺓﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ

133 .............................................................................. ﻲﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ISO ﺪﻨﻋ ﺀﺎﺿﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ

133 ..............................................................................................................ﺀﺎﻔﺧﻹﺍ/ﺭﺎﻬﻇﻹﺍ

134 ....................................................................................................ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﻮﺻ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ

135 ......................................................................................................ﻲﻨﻣﺯ ﻞﺻﺎﻔﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ

136 .................................................................................................................ﺯﺍﺰﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ

137 ...................................................................................................... ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

140 ..................................................................................................ﻱﻭﺪﻴﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ

142 ................................................................................... ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ

143 ..................................................................................................................ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ

145 ............................................................................... ﻪﺟﻮﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ

145 .............................................................................ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺩ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ

146 ............................................................................................................. ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

vii

147 ..................................................................................................................... ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

149 ......................................................................................... ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ

149 ................................................................................................... ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ

149 ...................................................................................... ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﻎﻳﺮﻔﺘﻟ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ

150 ............................................................................................................ﺐﻴﺣﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ

150 ...........................................................................................................ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻄﺳ

150 ............................................................................................................... ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

151 ............................................................................................................. ﺕﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

151 .................................................................................................. ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ

152 ..........................................................................ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ ﺓﺪﺣﻮﺑ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﺓﺪﻣ

152 ......................................................................................................... AE/AF-L ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ

152 ...................................................................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺭﺰﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻞﻔﻗ

153 ........................................................................................................... ﺏﺍﺮﻄﺿﻻﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ

153 .........................................................................................ﺕﺎﻔﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻗﺮﺗ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ

154

................................................................................................ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ

154 .........................................................................................................(Language) ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ

155 ..................................................................................................... ﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ

156 ..........................................................................................................ﺕﻼﺴﻜﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ

156 ............................................................................................... ﺖﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ

viii

157 ................................................................................................................. ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

157 ..................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ

160 ......................................................................................... ﺓﺪﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ

161 ...........................................................ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣﻭ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ

163 ....................................................................................................... ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺘﻟﺍ

163 ..........................................................................................................................ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺘﻟﺍ

163 .......................................................................................................................ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍ

164 ..................................................................... ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ :ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ

168 .................................................................................................... ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

169 .....................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﻌﺳ

171 ................................................................................. ﺎﻬﺣﻼﺻﺇﻭ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﻷﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﻜﺘﺳﺍ

171 ..............................................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ

172 ....................................................................(ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ ﻞﻛ) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

173 ................................................................................(M ﻭ A ﻭ S ﻭ P ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

174 .............................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ

174 ..............................................................................................................................

175 .......................................................................................................... ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺘﻣ ﻞﻛﺎﺸﻣ

176 .................................................................................................................ﺄﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺭ

180 .....................................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻔﺻﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ

180 ...........................................................................................Nikon 1 J1 ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ

194 ................................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﻤﻋ

195 ........................................................................................................................... ﺱﺮﻬﻔﻟﺍ

ﺽﺮﻋ

ix

ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﻰﺟﺮﻳ ،ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺮﻄﳋ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻚﺴﻔﻧ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻚﺑ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺞﺘﻨﲟ ﺭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﳊﺇ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ

ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣﺍ .ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ

ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺙﺪﲢ ﺪﻗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ

.ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻜﻟ ﻦﻜﳝ ﺚﻴﺣ

ﺐﻗﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺷﻹﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ

ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﻰﺟﺮﻳ ،ﺔﻨﻜﳑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ .ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻝﺪﻳ

ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ ﺲﳌ .ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻚﻔﺗ ﻻ
ﺙﻭﺪﺣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ
ﻞﻫﺆﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺪﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺢﻴﻠﺼﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﻞﻄﻋ

ﺭﻮﻬﻇﻭ ﺮﺴﻜﻠﻟ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﻂﻘﻓ

ﺙﺩﺎﳊ ﻭﺃ ﻁﻮﻘﺴﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻪﺋﺍﺰﺟﺃ

ﺩﺩﺮﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍ ،ﺮﺧﺃ

ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﻭ

ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﻝﺎﻔﻃﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ

.ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ

ﺓﺮﻴﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ ،ﻚﻟﺫ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ

ﺐﺠﻳ .ﻕﺎﻨﺘﺧﻼﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻄﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ

ﻉﻼﺘﺑﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﻔﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻴﺒﻃ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺘﺳﺍ

.ﺯﺎﻬﳉﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺟ ﻱﻷ ﻞﻔﻃ

.ﻞﻔﻃ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻴﺿﺭ ﻖﻨﻋ ﻝﻮﺣ ﻂﻳﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ

.ﻕﺎﻨﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ

.ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ

ﻦﻋ ﺪﻴﻌﺑ ﻆﻔﲢ A

.ﺍﺬﻫ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺞﺘﻨﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ

ﻞﻌﺟﺍ .ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ

A

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ

ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ .ﺔﻴﻔﻠﳋﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ

ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﺿ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺒﻳﺮﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ

ﺙﻭﺪﺣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﻏﺍ

ﺙﺎﻌﺒﻧﺍ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻄﻋ

ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻋ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺔﺤﺋﺍﺭ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺎﺧﺩ

،(ﺩﺮﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ) ﺩﺩﺮﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍﻭ ﺩﺩﺮﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻞﺼﻓﺍ

ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺐﻨﺠﺘﻟ ﺭﺬﳊﺍ ﻲﺧﻮﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ
ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺇ ﺪﻌﺑ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

A

ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻏ ﻂﺳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ

ﻂﺳﻭ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ .ﻝﺎﻌﺘﺷﻼﻟ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺚﻴﺣ ،ﻝﺎﻌﺘﺷﻼﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻏ

A

ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﲢ ❚❚

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ

.ﻕﻭﺮﺤﺑ

.ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ

A

A

A

x

ﻊﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺰﺨﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﻘﻨﺗ ﻻ

ﺲﻴﺑﺎﺑﺩ ﻭﺃ ﺪﺋﻼﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﻣ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺃ

ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ .ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻐﻳﺮﻔﺗ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﻒﻠﺘﻠﻟ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ

ﺓﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ

ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ

ﺎﻬﻛﺮﺗﺍﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ

ﻲﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺗ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻝﺎﺣ

ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﺪﻗ .ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳ ﺯﺎﻬﳉﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﺢﺒﺼﺗ .ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ

.ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻔﻧ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ

ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻧﺰﺧﻭ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻃ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺓﺪﺘﳑ

.ﺩﺮﺒﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ

ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺲﻣﻼﺗ ﻻ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻠﻟ ﺯﺎﻬﳉﺍ ﺔﺴﻣﻼﻣ

.ﺔﻀﻔﺨﻨﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﳊﺍ ﻕﻭﺮﺤﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

.ﺮﻌﺸﻟﺍ

.ﻑﺎﺟﻭ ﺩﺭﺎﺑ

.ﻞﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ

•.ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺿﺮﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺀﺎﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺮﻤﻐﺗ ﻻ

ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﻠﺗ ﻻ A

• ﻞﻘﻧ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺐﻛﺭ

.ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻎﻟﺎﺒﻣ

ﺲﳌ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ .ﺯﺎﻬﳉﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻊﻔﺗﺮﺗ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻠﻟ ﺯﺎﻬﳉﺍ

• ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺿﺮﻋ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ

• ﺐﻛﺭ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ

• ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺪﻗ

• ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺗ

.ﺔﻀﻔﺨﻨﻣ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻕﻭﺮﳊ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺓﺭﺎﻴﺳ ﺪﺋﺎﻗ ﻮﺤﻧ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺏﻮﺼﺗ ﻻ

.ﺙﺩﺍﻮﺣ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ

.ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻪﺒﺘﻧﺍ

ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺀﺎﻴﺷﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ

ﺭﺎﺼﺑﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﺒﻴﺼﻳ ﺪﻗ

ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺭﺬﳊﺍ ﻲﺧﻮﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﺖﻗﺆﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

ﻥﺃ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ،ﻊﺿﺮﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺹﺎﺧ

ﺮﺘﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻞﻘﺗ ﻻ ﺔﻓﺎﺴﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ

ﻝﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺘﺴﻳﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﻠﺗ ﻻ A

ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﺮﳊﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺮﺴﻜﻠﻟ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ

A

ﺭﻮﺴﻜﳌﺍ ﺝﺎﺟﺰﻟﺍ ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ

ﻦﻣ ﺝﺭﺎﳋﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺘﺴﻳﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺲﳌ ﻡﺪﻋﻭ

.ﻢﻔﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﲔﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻝﻮﺧﺪﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ

ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﺗ ﺪﻗ .ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ

ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻠﻟ

ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺎﻬﻌﻣ

ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ

ﺭﺎﻴﺗ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﺖﻨﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ .ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

:ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ

.ﺎﻬﻜﻜﻔﺗ ﻭﺃ (ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

.ﻪﻠﺼﻓ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻣ

A

A

• ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

.ﻕﻭﺮﺣ ﻲﻓ

• ﺺﺨﺷ ﲔﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

.ﻑﺪﻬﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ

A

• ﺔﺼﺼﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

• ﺮﺼﻗ) ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﲔﺑ ﻞﺻﻮﺗ ﻻ

• ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ

• ﻭﺃ ﺏﻮﻠﻘﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻝﻭﺎﲢ ﻻ

.ﺲﻜﻌﻟﺎﺑ

• ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻭﺃ ﺐﻬﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻻ

.ﺔﻃﺮﻔﻣ

xi

ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ .ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﻙﻼﺳﻷﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺝﺮﳋﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻞﺧﺪﻟﺍ ﺲﺒﻘﲟ ﻙﻼﺳﺃ

ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻉﺎﺒﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌﺍ ﻙﻼﺳﻷﺍ

ﻡﺎﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻴﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﳊﺍ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

.ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺎﺑ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ

ﺔﺠﻣﺪﳌﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ ﻱﻮﺘﲢ .ﺔﺠﻣﺪﳌﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﻦﻜﳝ ﻻ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻛ ﻭﺃ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ .ﺹﺍﺮﻗﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﺑ ﺓﺰﻬﺍ ﺕﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺕﻮﺻ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺠﻣﺪﳌﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ

.ﺯﺎﻬﳉﺍ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺎﺣ ﺪﻘﻓ

ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ A

A

ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻭﺃ ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ

A

ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ
ﻒﻠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻧﻮﺨﺳ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ

ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﳌﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ

ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ .ﺔﻓﺎﺟ ﺵﺎﻤﻗ ﺔﻌﻄﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻﺍ

ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ

.ﺔﻠﺘﺒﻣ ﻱﺪﻳﺄﺑ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﻠﺗ ﻻ

ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ

ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻊﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻴﻄﻟﻮﻓ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻳﻮﺤﺘﺑ

ﻡﺪﻋ

ﻭﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻧﻮﺨﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ

:ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ

.(ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺮﺼﻗ)

.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

.ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺖﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﻮﲢ

• ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﹰﺎﻓﺎﺟ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻆﻓﺎﺣ

.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ

• ﺾﻌﺒﻟﺍ ﻢﻬﻀﻌﺒﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﻞﺻﻮﺗ ﻻ

.ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ

• ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻮﺟﻮﳌﺍ ﺔﺑﺮﺗﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ

• .ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺭ ﺔﻔﺻﺎﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﺘﻘﺗ ﻻ

ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ

•

• ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﻮﺤﻣ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻻ

xii

ﻦﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﺗ ﺭﺍﺮﺿﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻦﻟ •

.ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﻝﺎﻤﻛﻭ ﺔﻗﺩ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺩﻮﻬﳉﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﻝﺬﺑ ﰎ ﲔﺣ ﻲﻓ •

ﺐﺣﺮﻧ ﺎﻨﻧﺃ ﻻﺇ ،ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ

ﻞﺜﳑ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﻓﺎﺸﺘﻛﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﺃ ﻱﺄﺑ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺈﺑ

ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﻣ ﻦﻳﻭﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ) ﻚﺘﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ

.(ﻞﺼﻔﻨﻣ

ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

ﺔﻘﻓﺮﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺟ ﻱﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻦﻜﳝ ﻻ •

ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻳﺰﺨﺗ ،ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ،ﺎﻬﻠﻳﻮﲢ ﻭﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻊﻣ

،ﻞﻜﺷ ﻱﺄﺑ ﺔﻐﻟ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻭﺃ ،ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ

.ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻦﻣ ﻖﺒﺴﻣ ﻲﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ،ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻱﺄﺑ

ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﺻﺍﻮﳌﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻖﳊﺎﺑ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻆﻔﺘﲢ •

ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﻷﺎﺑ

.ﻖﺒﺴﻣ ﺭﺎﻄﺧﺇ ﻥﻭﺪﺑﻭ ﺖﻗﻭ ﻱﺃ

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ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﹰﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ﰎ ﺩﺍﻮﲟ ﻅﺎﻔﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﺩﺮ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻗﺎﻌﻤﻠﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ

ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﲢ •

ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﲢ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺕﺭﺪﺻﺃ

ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻠﻟ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ

،ﺎﻳﺍﺪﻬﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺎﺴﻗ ،ﺕﺎﻜﻴﺸﻟﺍ ،ﺮﻴﺗﺍﻮﻔﻟﺍ ،ﻢﻬﺳﻷﺍ)

ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺇ ،ﺮﻛﺍﺬﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻛﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ،(ﺦﻟﺇ
ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻞﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﻡﺯﻼﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﻰﻧﺩﻷﺍ ﺪﳊﺍ ﺦﺴﻧ
ﺕﺍﺯﺍﻮﺟ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ ،ﹰﺎﻀﻳﺃ .ﺔﻛﺮﺷ

ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺺﺧﺮﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ

،ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﻤﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻛﻮﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ

ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺮﻛﺍﺬﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻳﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ

ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺤﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﳌﺎﺑ ﻡﺍﺰﺘﻟﻻﺍ •

ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﶈﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﲔﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺩﺪﲢ

ﺦﺴﻧ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ

ﺕﺎﺣﻮﻠﻟﺍ ،ﻰﻘﻴﺳﻮﳌﺍ ،ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ

،ﻂﺋﺍﺮﳋﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺒﻄﳌﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺸﳋﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟﺍ

ﻻ .ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺮﻏﻮﺗﻮﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻣﻮﺳﺮﻟﺍ

ﺮﻴﻏ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ

.ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﲔﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻕﺮﺧ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ

.ﺕﺎﺒﺟﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑﻭ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺎﺑ

ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ

ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ

.ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﻱﺃ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ،ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺢﺳﺎﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ

ﹰﺎﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ •

ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ،ﺕﻼﻤﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺩﻮﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺪﻴﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﺗ ﻻ

"ﺔﻨﻴﻋ" ﺔﻣﻼﻋ ﻊﺿﻭ ﰎ ﻮﻟﻭ ﻰﺘﺣ ،ﺔﻴﻠﶈﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ

ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﻼﻤﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺩﻮﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ

ﺮﻴﻏ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﺑﺍﻮﻃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ

ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺍﺪﺘﳌﺍ

ﺔﻴﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺑﺍﻮﻄﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ

ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺺﻨﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺛﻮﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ

،ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳌﺍ

ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ

.ﺎﻬﺋﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﰎ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

.ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺟﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻜﺻ ﰎ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ

ﻝﻮﺼﳊﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ

.ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻘﺒﺴﻣ

.ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟﺍ

xiv

ﻑﺬﺤﻳ ﻻ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ

ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻓﻭﺬﶈﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻠﳌﺍ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻜﳝ .ﻲﺋﺎﻬﻧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻷﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ

ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺳﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺎﻣ ،ﹰﺎﻳﺭﺎﲡ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﳝﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ

.ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺔﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﳊﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻘﺗ .ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ

ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﻑﺬﳊ ﻱﺭﺎﲡ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺮﺧﺃ ﺺﺨﺸﻟ ﻪﺘﻴﻜﻠﻣ ﻞﻘﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ) ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﲢ ﻻ ﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﻸﻣﺍ ﻢﺛ ﺯﺎﻬﳉﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺫ ﺊﻴﻫ ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ

ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﺮﻴﻣﺪﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ

ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ ﺹﺮﳊﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ .(ﺔﻏﺭﺎﻓ ﺀﺎﻤﺳ ﺭﻮﺻ ،ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ

.ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ

xv

ﺮﻴﻏﻭ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ AVC Patent Portfolio License ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﺐﺟﻮﲟ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﰎ

AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺰﻴﻣﺮﺗ ﻚﻓ (ii) ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ("AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ") AVC ﺭﺎﻴﻌﳌ ﺎﹰﻘﻓﻭ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻣﺮﺗ (i) ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﻚﻠﻬﺘﺴﳌ ﻱﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ

ﺺﹼﺧﺮﻣ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺮﻓﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺣ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﲡ ﺮﻴﻏﻭ ﺎﹰﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺎﹰﻃﺎﺸﻧ ﺱﺭﺎﳝ ﻚﻠﻬﺘﺴﻣ ﻩﺰﻴﻣﺮﺘﺑ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﳊﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ .ﺮﺧﺁ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﻷ ﻪﻨﻴﻤﻀﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻦﻟﻭ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﻱﺃ ﺢﻨﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻻ .AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺘﺑ ﻪﻟ

http://www.mpegla.com ﻊﻗﻮﳌﺍ ﻊﺟﺍﺭ .L.L.C ,MPEG LA ﺔﻛﺮﺷ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍ

ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ .ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻗ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻳ ﻻﻭ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺍﺬﻫ ؛ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺎﻬﺴﳌ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﺌﻓﺍﺩ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﺗ ﺪﻗ

،ﺔﻋﺮﺴﺑ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﺘﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ ﺓﺪﻋ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺪﺘﳑ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻭﺃ

ﺎﻫﺮﺋﺍﻭﺩ ﺐﻴﺼﺗ ﺪﻗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﺿﻷﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻕﻼﻏﺇ ﻪﻌﺒﺘﻳ ﻢﺛ ،ﺓﺭﺍﺮﳊﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﺮﻳﺬﲢ ﺮﻬﻈﻳ ﺪﻗ

ﻂﻘﻓ .ﺪﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺮﺋﺍﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﲢﻭ ﺲﻴﻳﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻷ ﹰﺎﻘﻓﻭ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﰎ

،ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ

ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺪﺼﳌﺍﻭ (ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺩﺩﺮﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﻮﺤﻣ ،ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

ﻩﺬﻫ ﻞﺜﲟ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺖﲤ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ

ﻚﻣﺮﺤﻳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺗ ﻦﻣ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ

ﺽﺭﺎﻌﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺭﺎﺴﻴﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺽﻭﺮﻌﳌﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﻷﺍ ﻲﺛﻼﺛ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺭﺎﻌﺷ ﻞﻤﲢ ﻻ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺷ

،ﺭﺮﺷ ﺭﻭﺪﺻ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ

.ﺪﻤﺘﻌﳌﺍ ﻲﻠﶈﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻉﺯﻮﲟ ﻞﺼﺗﺍ ،ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌ

.ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺎﻌﻣ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﺮﺒﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺮﻈﺘﻧﺍ .ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ

ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﻚﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﲟ) ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ

ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻹ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻡﻮﻴﺜﻴﻟ-ﻥﻮﻳﺃ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ .ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻤﺿ ﻦﻣ

AVC Patent Portfolio License ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ

ﺓﺭﺍﺮﳊﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﲢ

ﺔﻌﻔﺗﺮﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﳊﺍ

.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺋﺍﻭﺪﻟﺍ

.ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ

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ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺪﺼﳌﺍﻭ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ

ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺖﲤ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻚﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ

ﺪﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ .ﺎﻬﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻲﻓ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺺﺤﻔﺑ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺢﺼﻨﺗ .ﻱﺭﻭﺩ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﲢﻭ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺗ ﻭﺫ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﺙﻼﺛ ﻞﻛ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺎﻬﺘﻧﺎﻴﺻﻭ ،ﲔﻣﺎﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻞﻛ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻣﺪﺧ ﻞﺜﳑ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻠﺻﺃ ﻉﺯﻮﻣ ﺪﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺺﺤﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ .(ﺔﻣﺪﳋﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻮﺳﺭ ﻞﻴﺼﲢ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ) ﻡﺍﻮﻋﺃ ﺲﻤﺧ ﻰﻟﺇ

ﻱﺃ ﻕﺎﻓﺭﺇ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﻑﺮﺘﺤﻣ

ﻭﺃ ﺺﺤﻓ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ،ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ

ﻂﻘﺘﻟﺍ ،(ﺔﻠﺣﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺬﺧﺃ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻑﺎﻓﺰﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻔﺣ ﻞﺜﻣ) ﺔﻣﺎﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﺭﺍﺮﺿﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻦﻟ .ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺘﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﺒﻳﺮﲡ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ

،ﺎﻬﺗﺎﺠﺘﻨﳌ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﺩ ﻢﻋﺩ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺘﻟ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﺑ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺠﻛ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﻳﻮﻟﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻧﺮﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﺜﻳﺪﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﻴﻤﻠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ

ﺮﻓﺍﻮﺘﺗ ﺪﻗ .ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺨﺑ ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺢﺋﺎﺼﻧﻭ (FAQs) ﺔﻌﺋﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺳﻸﻟ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺟﺇ

ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﻞﻀﻔﺗ ،ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌ .ﻚﺘﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺜﳑ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

ﻲﻨﻬﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﻭﺪﻟﺍ

ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

.ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻤﺿ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻣﺮﺤﻳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﻳ

ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ

ﺔﻤﻬﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

.ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻘﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺙﺪﲢ ﺪﻗ ﺮﺋﺎﺴﺧ ﻭﺃ

ﺮﻤﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ

http://www.nikon-asia.com/

ﺙﺪﺣﺄﺑ ﻡﺎﳌﻺﻟ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﳌﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﻞﻀﻔﺗ

http://imaging.nikon.com/

D

A

A

A

•http://www.nikonusa.com/ :ﺔﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺪﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﲔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ

•http://www.europe-nikon.com/support/ :ﺎﻴﻘﻳﺮﻓﺇﻭ ﺎﺑﻭﺭﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﲔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ

• :ﻂﺳﻭﻷﺍ ﻕﺮﺸﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻴﺳﻮﻧﺎﻴﻗﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻴﺳﺁ ﻲﻓ ﲔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ

xvii

xviii

s

Nikon 1 J1 ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

s

ﺓﻮﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻣ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ ﺓﻮﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ

BF-N1000 ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

ﺯﺍﺮﻃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ ﻦﺣﺎﺷ

ﻕﺎﻓﺭﺇ ﻢﺘﻳ) MH-27
ﻞﺒﻛ ﻭﺃ ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺗ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ
ﻭﺃ ﻝﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻗﺎﻃ

ﺐﻠﻄﺘﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ

ﻞﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ ؛ﻚﻟﺫ ﺮﻣﻷﺍ

ﺍﻮﻋﺎﺒﹸﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺍﺫﺇ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻖﻓﺮﻣ) ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻗﺎﻃ ﺀﺍﺮﺷ ﻢﺗ

ﻊﻣ ﻲﺗﺄﺗ ؛ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ

ﻲﻣﺎﻣﻷﺍ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﺞﻣﺪﻣ ﺹﺮﻗ

ﺍﺬﻫ ﻱﻮﺤﻳ) ﻲﻌﺟﺮﻣ

1

(ﺎﻬﻴﻓ

(ﻲﻔﻠﺨﻟﺍﻭ

(ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ

ﻡﻮﻴﺜﻴﻟ ﻥﻮﻳﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ

ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻹ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ

ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟﺍ

ﻊﻳﺮﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﺪﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ

ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ

.ﻞﺼﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻉﺎﺒﺗ

EN-EL20 ﺯﺍﺮﻃ

ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﻊﻣ)

(ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

ﺯﺍﺮﻃ USB ﻞﺑﺎﻛ

UC-E15

AN-N1000 ﺯﺍﺮﻃ ﺔﺒﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺰﺣ

ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺒﻠﻟ ﺞﻣﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻘﻟﺍ

/ViewNX 2

Short Movie Creator

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ

ﺪﻗ .ﺎﻬﺗﺎﺷﺎﺷﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺯﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﺘﻌﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻚﺴﻔﻧ ﺢﻨﻣﺍ

ﺍﺬﻫ ﺔﻴﻘﺒﻟ ﻚﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻉﻮﺟﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﺴﻘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻴﺷﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺪﺠﺗ

.ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ

15

16

11 .........................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺰﺣ ﺐﻘﺛ

16 ............................................ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ

173 ,54 ..............ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺣ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺔﻌﺷﺃ ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﻣ

163 .................................................... ﺭﺎﺒﻐﻟﺍ ﻲﻗﺍﻭ

141 ,16 .........................ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ

134 ,38 ...............................................ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ

159 ..................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

31 2 5 64

10
11
12
13
14
15
16

7

14

13

12

38 ............................................. ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺭﺯ

39 ,32 ,25 .................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ

17 ................................................ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ

17 .............................................. ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

16 ...............................................ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ

42 ............................................................ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺳ

58 ....................................................ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺩ ﺵﻼﻓ

141 ......................(E) ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ

ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺀﻮﺿ

145 ,138 ...............................................................

54 ..................................ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

58 ...................... ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

s

8

9

10

11

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

2

s

16
15
14
13

1234

(ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ) ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ

5

6

7
8
9

17

18

12

9.......................................... (ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ G

7............................................ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ

7.................................................... (ﻖﻓﺍﻮﻣ) ﺭﺯ J

152 ,143 ,118 ....................(AE-L/AF-L) A

56 ....................(ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ) E

59 ............................................(ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ) M

53 ..............................................(ﻲﺗﺍﺫ ﺖﻗﺆﻣ) E

5............................................ (ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ $

5 ,4 ........................................................ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

79 .................................................... USB ﻞﺻﻮﻣ

84 ...........................ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻑﺮﻄﺑ HDMI ﻞﱢﺻﻮﻣ

13 .....................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ

161 ,15 ,13 ...............................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ

3

ﻞﻣﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻒﻳﻮﺠﺗ

11

10

19

20

58 ..................... ﻰﻠﻋﻸﻟ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﻓﺪﻧﺎﺑ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ

12

24 ,15 .........ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

13
14

8......................................................(ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ &

141 ,28 .......................................(ﺓﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ

6..................................................... ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

48 ,34 ,28 ..................................(ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ K

15

69 ,35 ...........................................(ﻑﺬﺤﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ O

16

161 .................................ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻃ ﻞﺻﻮﻤﻟ

17
18

15 ,13 ...

19
20

ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ/ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺠﺣ

15 ,13 ..............................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ

/ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﺯ) ﻢﻜﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ W

ﻞﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ

/ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺠﺣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

1
2
3
4

5
6
7
8
9

10

11

ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

421 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

32
31
30

29

28
27

26 25 202123 2224 18

ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ

20 ..........................................................ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍ

ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ

27 ,23 ................ ﺔﻄﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺀﻼﺘﻣﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

121 .................................................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

176 ,149 ............ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟﺎﺑ ﺹﺎﺧ ﺮﻳﺬﺤﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

41 ,38 ........................................... ﺡﺎﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ

124 ............................................

124 ................................

124 ...................

111 ,110 .................................................ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ

*

ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

*

ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

*

ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

111 ,109 ......................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

117 ........................................................... ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﻣ

20 ..............................................

151 ...........................................

*

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

*

ﺕﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

(AE) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ

143 ,118 ..............................................................

142 ,23..........................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ

134 ,38.........................

41 ,38 ..................................... ﻲﻀﻘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ

*

ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

41 ,38 ......................................ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

12
13
14
15

16
17

19

6 .................................................... ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

19

106 .............................. ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

108 ..................................ﻥﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

58 ....................................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

58 .................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

/ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

53 .............................................ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ

26 ................................

20
21

132 .....................................

22

125 .........................................

119 ................................................

23

*

116 .....

(ﺓﺩﻮﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ) ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

24
25

116 .............................

26

114 ..............................................

27

114 ................................................

28

137 ....................................

142 .................

145 ,23........

146 ............................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

29

56 .............................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

30

ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛﻷ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﻊﺴﺘﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ) “K”

31

20 ................................................... (ﺔﻄﻘﻟ 1000

32

*

ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

*

ﺔﻄﺸﻧ D-Lighting

*

Picture Control

ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﻝﺪﻌﻣ

*

(ﺔﺌﻴﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﻼﻓﺃ)

*

ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

*

ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ

*

ﻪﺟﻮﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ

.(5 0) ﻞﺼﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻂﻘﻓ ﺡﺎﺘﻣ *

*

ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

*

ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ

*

ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

s

1
2
3
4
5
6

7
8
9
10

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

4

s

$ ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

(ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ $

(4 0) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ ﺮﺒﻋ ﻞﻘﻨﺘﻠﻟ $ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.ﻩﺎﻧﺩﺃ ﺢﺿﻮﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻤﻛ (63 0) ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍﻭ

ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ❚❚

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ❚❚

ﺔﻄﻴﺴﺑ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

ﺔﻴﻠﻴﺼﻔﺗ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

ﻂﻘﻓ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ

ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ

.(150 0) ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﺭﺎﻴﺨﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺑ

ﻂﺴﺒﻣ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﻞﺼﻔﻣ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍ

A

5

ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﻓﻮﺗ

ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

ﻞﻛ ﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺛ ﺓﺪﻤﻟ ﻢﻠﻴﻓﻭ ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺛ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﺠﺴﺗ :(45 0) ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻢﺘﻴﺳ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ "ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻣ ﺔﻄﻘﻟ" ﺽﺮﻋ ﺪﻨﻋ .ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺓﺮﻣ

ﻢﺘﻳ ﺓﺮﻣ ﻞﻛ :(31 0) ﺔﻘﻴﻧﺃ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﺘﺳ ،ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ

ﺔﺤﺷﺮﻣ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻊﺑﺭﺃ ﻞﻀﻓﺃﻭ ﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻄﻘﻟ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ

ﻲﻓ .ﺭﻮﺼﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺑ :(21 0) ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﺓﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﺗ ،ﻲﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

.(ﺪﻬﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ) ﻑﺪﻬﻟﺍ ﻡﺀﻼﺗ ﻲﻜﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ

.ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺎﺑ ﻉﻮﺒﺘﻣ ،ﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺛ 2.5 ﺓﺪﻤﻟ ﺔﺌﻴﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟﺎﺑ

.ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺐﺴﺣ

.ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﻄﺑ

ﻭﺃ ﺓﺩﻮﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﻞﺠﺴﻳ :(37 0) ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

s

6

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﺢﻔﺼﺗﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻟ J ﺭﺰﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ

A :ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

.(143 0) ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ (118 0) ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ

:ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺢﻔﺼﺗ

1

s

E :ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

/ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻭ

.ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻠﻟ ﺓﺩﻮﻌﻟﺍ

:ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺢﻔﺼﺗ

4

.(0 53)

.ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻈﺗ ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﻚﻨﻜﻤﻳ :ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ

.ﻰﻠﻋﻷ ﺮﺷﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ

.ﻞﻠﻈﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﻭﺃ ﻞﻠﻈﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

M :ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

.(58 0) ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﺽﺮﻋ

:ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺢﻔﺼﺗ

3

.ﻞﻔﺳﻷ ﺮﺷﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ

ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ

.(9 0)

E :ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

.(56 0) ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ

:ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺢﻔﺼﺗ

2

.ﺔﻴﻋﺮﻓ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ

ﻰﻠﻋﻷﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺘﻠﻟ 4 ﻭ 3 ﻭ 2 ﻭ 1 ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ،ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ

ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻈﺗ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ .ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺎﺴﻴﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻔﺳﻷﺍﻭ ﻦﻴﻤﻴﻟﺍﻭ

.ﺭﺎﺴﻴﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺢﺿﻮﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ

A

7

(ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ &

ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻒﺋﺎﻇﻮﻠﻟ ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻟﺍ & ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﺘﻳ

ﻊﺿﻭﻭ ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻣ ﺔﻄﻘﻟ ﻊﺿﻭﻭ ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭﻭ ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ

ﺭﺯ ﻭﺃ) ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍﻭ & ﻂﻐﺿﺍ .ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ

.ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻟ J ﺭﺰﻟﺍﻭ (W ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ

& ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

.(Hi)

.(ﺔﺌﻴﻄﺑ ﺔﻛﺮﺣ) ﺔﺌﻴﻄﺑ ﺔﻛﺮﺣ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗﻭ (ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺓﺩﻮﺠﺑ

.ﺔﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺀﺎﺧﺮﺘﺳﻻﺍ

s

• ﻲﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ :(26 0 ؛ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺛ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻊﺿﻭ) ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ

• ﻢﻠﻴﻓ) ﺓﺩﻮﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ : (39 0 ؛ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ) ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

• ﻭﺃ ﺝﺍﻮﻣﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻝﺎﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ : (47 0 ؛ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ) ﻂﻤﻨﻟﺍ

•.ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟ :(70 0 ؛ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ) ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ

8

s

G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ ﻢﻈﻌﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ

(147 0) ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

،ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ .ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍﻭ

.G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

ﺐﻳﻮﺒﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻼﻋ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

B

(103 0)ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ

K(93 0) ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

Cy1z

ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻗﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﻦﻴﺒﻳ

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ

9

ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ❚❚

.(7 0) ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺢﻔﺼﺘﻟ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ

.ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ 2 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ﻢﺛ ﺐﻳﻮﺒﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ 3 ﻭﺃ 1 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

s

1

.ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ 2 ﻂﻐﺿﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻞﻠﻇ

.ﻩﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ J ﻂﻐﺿﺍﻭ ﺏﻮﻏﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﻞﻠﻇ

ﺔﺿﻭﺮﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ .ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺓﺭﻮﻛﺬﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﺗ ﺪﻗ :ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ

.(49 0) ﹰﺎﻴﻟﺎﺣ ﺔﺣﺎﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﻱﺩﺎﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺎﺑ

ﻒﺼﻧ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ،ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺩﻮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺝﻭﺮﺨﻠﻟ

.(25 0) ﺔﻄﻐﺿ

2

3

10