Netgear FVS338 REFERENCE MANUAL
Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
NETGEAR, Inc.
4500 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
202-10046-01
Version 1.0
January 2005
January 2005
© 2005 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved.
Trademarks
NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc.
Microsoft, Windows, and Wi ndow s NT are registered trademar ks of Microsoft Corporation.
Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to
make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit
layout(s) described herein.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to
part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instruct ions, may cause harmf ul interference to radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to
radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try
to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance
This is to certify that the FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 is shielded against the generation of radio interference in
accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conformity is declared by the application
of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).
Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs
Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 gemäß der im BMP T-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg
46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kan n
jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.
Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt
gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer
It is hereby certified that the FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions
set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for example, test
transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please refer to the notes
in the operating instructions.
Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market
and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.
Voluntary Contr ol Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement
This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area
thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing
Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas.
When used near a radio or TV receiver , it may become the cause of radio interference.
Read instructions for correct handling.
Additional Copyrights
AES Copyright (c) 2001, Dr Brian Gladman <brg@gladman.uk.net>, Worcester, UK.
All rights reserved.
TERMS
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
subject to the following conditions:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
provided with the distribution.
3. The copyright holder's name must not be used to endorse or promote any products
derived from this software without his specific prior written permission.
This software is provided 'as is' with no express or implied warranties of correctness or fitness
for purpose.
January 2005
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Open SSL Copyright (c) 1998-2000 The OpenSSL Project. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the following conditions * are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
provided with the distribution.
3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software must display the
following acknowledgment: "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL
Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (
4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to endorse or
promote products derived from this software without prior written permission. For written
permission, please contact openssl-core@openssl.org.
5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL" nor may "OpenSSL"
appear in their names without prior written permission of the OpenSSL Project.
6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following acknowledgment: "This
product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL
Tool kit (
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR ITS
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
http://www.openssl.org/)"
http://www.openssl.org/)"
-4
This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com). This
product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
January 2005
Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
MD5 Copyright (C) 1990, RSA Data Security, Inc. All rights reserved.
License to copy and use this software is granted provided that it is identified as the "RSA Data
Security, Inc. MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm" in all material mentioning or referencing this
software or this function. License is also granted to make and use derivative works provided
that such works are identified as "derived from the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5
Message-Digest Algorithm" in all material mentioning or referencing the derived work.
RSA Data Security, Inc. makes no representations concerning either the merchantability of
this software or the suitability of this software for any particular purpose. It is provided "as is"
without express or implied warranty of any kind.
These notices must be retained in any copies of any part of this documentation and/or
software.
PPP Copyright (c) 1989 Carnegie Mellon University. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided that the above
copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any
documentation, advertising materials, and other materials related to such distribution and use
acknowledge that the software was developed by Carnegie Mellon University. The name of
the University may not be used to endor s e or promote products derived from th i s software
without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Zlib zlib.h -- interface of the 'zlib' general purpose compression library version 1.1.4, March 11th,
2002. Copyright (C) 1995-2002 Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler.
This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty. In no event will the
authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software. Permission is
granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose, including commercial applications,
and to alter it and redistribute it freely, subject to the following restrictions:
1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote
the original software. If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment in the
product documentation would be appreciated but is not required.
2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented
as being the original software.
3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
Jean-loup Gailly: jloup@gzip.org; Mark Adler: madler@alu mni.caltech.edu
The data format used by the zlib library is described by RFCs (Request for Comments) 1950
to 1952 in the files ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1950.txt
and rfc1952.txt (gzip format)
(zlib format), rfc1951.txt (deflate format)
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Product and Publication Details
Model Number: FVS338
Publication Date: January 2005
Product Family: Router
Product Name: FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50
Home or Business Product: Business
Language: English
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Contents
Chapter 1
About This Manual
Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats ................................................................1-1
How to Use This Manual ................................................................................................1-2
How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-3
Chapter 2
Introduction
Key Features of the VPN Firewall ..................................................................................2-1
Full Routing on Both the Broadband and Serial WAN Ports ....................................2-2
A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering ......................................................2-2
Security ....................................................................................................................2-3
Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink ...............................................2-3
Extensive Protocol Support ......................................................................................2-3
Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................2-4
Maintenance and Support .................. .... ... ... ... .......................................... ... .... ... ... ..2-5
Package Contents ..........................................................................................................2-5
The Router’s Front Panel ...............................................................................................2-6
The Router’s Rear Panel ................................................................................................2-7
The Router’s IP Address, Login Name, and Password ..................................................2-8
Default Factory Settings .................................................................................................2-9
NETGEAR Related Products ..........................................................................................2-9
Chapter 3
Network Planning
Overview of the Planning Process ..................................................................................3-1
Single or Multiple Exposed Hosts ............................................................................3-1
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) ..............................................................................3-1
The Fail-over Case for Routers With Dual WAN Ports .............................................3-2
Single or Multiple Exposed Hosts ...................................................................................3-2
Single Exposed Host ................................................................................................3-3
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Single Exposed Host: Single WAN Port (Reference Case) ...............................3-3
Single Exposed Host: Dual WAN Ports for Improved System Reliability ........... 3-3
Multiple Exposed Hosts ............................................................................................3-4
Multiple Exposed Hosts: Single WAN Port (Reference Case) ...........................3-4
Multiple Exposed Hosts: Dual WAN Ports for Improved System Reliability .......3-4
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) .....................................................................................3-5
VPN Road Warrior (Client-to-Gateway) ...................................................................3-6
VPN Road Warrior: Single Gateway WAN Port (Reference Case) ....................3-6
VPN Road Warrior: Dual Gateway WAN Ports for Improved System Reliability 3-7
VPN Gateway-to-Gateway ........... ... ... .... ... .......................................... ... ... ... .... ... ... ..3-8
VPN Gateway-to-Gateway: Single Gateway WAN Ports (Reference Case) .....3-8
VPN Gateway-to-Gateway: Dual Gateway WAN Ports for Improved System Reliability
3-9
VPN Telecommuter (Client-to-Gateway Through a NAT Router) ...........................3-10
VPN Telecommuter: Single Gateway WAN Port (Reference Case) ................3-11
VPN Telecommuter: Dual Gateway WAN Ports for Improved System Reliability 3-11
Chapter 4
Connecting the FVS338 to the Internet
What You Will Need Before You Begin ...................................................................... ... ..4-1
LAN Hardware Requirements ..................................................................................4-1
LAN Configuration Requirements ............................................................................4-1
Internet Configuration Requirements ....................................................................... 4-2
Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters? ..................................4-2
Worksheet for Recording Your Internet Connection Information ..............................4-3
Connecting the FVS338 to Your LAN ........................................................................ ... ..4-4
How to Connect the FVS338 to Your LAN ...............................................................4-4
Configuring for a Wizard-Detected Login Account ...................................................4-7
Configuring for a Wizard-Detected Dynamic IP Account .........................................4-8
Configuring for a Wizard-Detected Fixed IP (Static) Account ..................................4-9
Configuring a Serial Port as the Primary Internet Connection ........................................4-9
How to Configure the Serial Port for an Internet Connection ...................................4-9
Testing Your Internet Connection ..................................................................................4-13
Manually Configuring Your Internet Connec tion ........................ ... ... ... .... ... ... ................4-14
How to Manually Configure the Primary Internet Connection ................................4-15
Configure Dynamic DNS (If Needed) ...........................................................................4-16
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Configure the WAN Options (If Needed) ......................................................................4-18
Chapter 5
Serial Port Configuration
Configuring a Serial Port Modem ...................................................................................5-1
Basic Requirements for Serial Port Modem Configuration .......................................5-1
How to Configure a Serial Port Modem ....................................................................5-2
Configuring Auto-Rollover ..............................................................................................5-3
Basic Requirements for Auto-Rollover .....................................................................5-3
How to Configure Auto-Rollover ...............................................................................5-3
Chapter 6
LAN Configuration
Using the LAN IP Setup Options ....................................................................................6-1
Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters ............................................................6-2
Using the Firewall as a DHCP server .......................................................................6-4
Using Address Reservation ......................................................................................6-5
Multi Home LAN IPs ........ ... ... .... .......................................... ... ... ... .... ... .....................6-6
DMZ Setup .....................................................................................................................6-6
Exposed Host (Software DMZ) ................................................................................6-7
One-to-One NAT Mapping .............................. .......................................... ... .... ... ... ..6-8
Configuring Static Routes .............................................................................................6-10
Chapter 7
Firewall Protection and Content Filtering
Firewall Protection and Content Filtering Overview ............ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ...............7-1
Using Rules to Block or Allow Specific Kinds of Traffic ..................................................7-1
Services-Based Rules ........................................ .... ... ... ... .........................................7-4
Inbound Rules (Port Forwarding) ......................................................................7-5
Outbound Rules (Service Blocking) ...................................................................7-9
Customized Services .......................... ... ... ... .......................................... .... ... ...7-12
Quality of Service (QoS) Priorities ...................................................................7-14
Managing Groups and Hosts .................................... ... ... .......................................7-16
Using a Schedule to Block or Allow Specific Traffic ...............................................7-18
Time Zone ..............................................................................................................7-20
Block Sites ....................................................................................................................7-20
Source MAC Filtering ...................................................................................................7-23
Port Triggering ............................. .... ... ... ... .... .......................................... ......................7-24
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Getting E-Mail Notifications of Event Logs and Alerts ..................................................7-26
Syslog ....................................................................................................................7-29
Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access ......................................7-29
Administrator Information .............................................................................................7-31
Chapter 8
Virtual Private Networking
Fully Qualified Domain Names ........................................ ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ..8-1
Creating a VPN Connection: Between FVX538 and FVS338 ........................................8-1
Configuring the FVX538 ...........................................................................................8-2
Configuring the FVS338 ...........................................................................................8-6
Testing the Connection .............................................................................................8-8
Creating a VPN Connection: Netgear VPN Client to FVS338 ........................................8-8
Configuring the FVS338 ...........................................................................................8-9
Configuring the VPN Client ....................... .......................................... ... ... ... .... ... ... ..8-9
Testing the Connection ...........................................................................................8-17
Chapter 9
Router and Network Management
Performance Management ................................. .......................................... ... ... .... ........ 9-1
Bandwidth Capacity ..................... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .......................................... ............9-1
VPN Firewall Features That Reduce Traffic .............................................................9-2
Service Blocking .......................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... .......................................... ..... 9-2
Block Sites .........................................................................................................9-4
Source MAC Filtering ........................................................................................9-4
VPN Firewall Features That Increase Traffic ...........................................................9-4
Port Forwarding ..................................... ... .......................................... ... .... ... ..... 9-5
Port Triggering ....................... ... ... .... ... ...............................................................9-6
Exposed Hosts ..................................................................................................9-7
VPN Tunnels ................................................ .... .......................................... ........9-7
Using QoS to Shift the Traffic Mix ............................................................................9-7
Tools for Traffic Management .......................................... .........................................9-8
Administrator Access Authorization ................................................................................9-8
Changing the Administrator Password and Login Timeout ......................................9-8
Enabling Remote Management Access ...................................................................9-9
Event Alerts ..................................................................................................................9-11
WAN Port Rollover .......... .......................................... .......................................... ...9-11
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Traffic Limits Reached ............................................................... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ...9-11
Login Failures and Attacks .....................................................................................9-12
Monitoring .................................... .............................................. ...................................9-14
Viewing VPN Firewall Status and Time Information ............................................... 9-14
Firewall Status .................................................................................................9-14
Time Information ..............................................................................................9-16
WAN Ports .............................................................. ... ... ... .... ... ................................9-18
WAN Port Connection Status ...........................................................................9-18
Dynamic DNS Status .......................................................................................9-19
Internet Traffic Information ............................................................ ...................9-19
LAN Ports and Attached Devices ...........................................................................9-20
Known PCs and Devices .................................................................................9-20
DHCP Log .......................................................................................................9-22
Port Triggering Status ......... ... ... ... .... ...................................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ...9-22
Firewall ...................................... ................................ ................................... .......... 9-23
VPN Tunnels ............ .... ... ... ... .......................................... .......................................9-25
SNMP .................................... ................................. ................................ ................ 9-27
Diagnostics ................................... ... ... .... .......................................... ......................9-27
Configuration File Management ...................................................................................9-29
Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration .........................................................9-30
Upgrading the Firewall Software ............................................................................9-30
Erasing the Configuration (Factory Defaults Reset) ...............................................9-31
Chapter 10
Troubleshooting
Basic Functioning .........................................................................................................10-1
Power LED Not On .................................................................................................10-1
LEDs Never Turn Off ..............................................................................................10-2
LAN or Internet Port LEDs Not On ......... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ..........................................10-2
Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ........................................................10-3
Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ............................................................................10-4
Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility ...............................................10-5
Testing the LAN Path to Your Firewall ....................................................................10-5
Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device ..............................................10-6
Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ............ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ...10-7
Problems with Date and Time .......................................................................................10-7
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Appendix A
Technical Specifications
Appendix B
Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics
Related Publications ...................................................................................................... B-1
Basic Router Concepts .................................................................................................. B-1
What is a Router? ................................................................................................... B-2
Routing Information Protocol ................................................................................... B-2
IP Addresses and the Internet .. ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................................. B-2
Netmask .................................... ................................................................ ..............B-4
Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................. B-5
Private IP Addresses ................................. ... ... ... .......................................... ........... B-7
Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ....................................................................... B-8
MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol ................................................. B-9
Related Documents ................................................................................................. B-9
Domain Name Server ............................................................................................ B-10
IP Configuration by DHCP ...................................................................... ... ... ... ... ......... B-10
Internet Security and Firewalls .................................................................................... B-10
What is a Firewall? .................................................................................................B-11
Stateful Packet Inspection ............................... ... ... ... .... ...................................B-11
Denial of Service Attack ..................................................................................B-11
Ethernet Cabling ................................. ... ... .... ... .......................................... ... ... ... .... ... ...B-11
Category 5 Cable Quality ...................................................................................... B-12
Inside Twisted Pair Cables .................................................................................... B-13
Uplink Switches, Crossover Cables, and MDI/MDIX Switching ............................ B-14
Appendix C
Preparing Your Network
Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking ......................................... ... .... ... ... . C-1
Configuring Windows 95, 98, and Me for TCP/IP Networking ....................................... C-2
Install or V erify Windows Networking Components ................................................. C-2
Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings .................................C-4
Selecting Windows’ Internet Access Method .......................................................... C-6
Verifying TCP/IP Properties .................................................................................... C-6
Configuring Windows NT4, 2000 or XP for IP Networking ............................................C-7
Install or V erify Windows Networking Components ................................................. C-7
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings .................................C-8
DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP ..................................................... C-8
DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows 2000 ................................................ C-10
DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT4 .................................................. C-13
Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP, 2000, and NT4 ......................... ... .. C-15
Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking ...................................................... C-16
MacOS 8.6 or 9.x .................. .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .......................................... .........C-16
MacOS X ...... ... .......................................... .......................................... ..................C-16
Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... .....C-17
Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account ....................................................... C-18
Are Login Protocols Used? ................................................................................... C-18
What Is Your Configuration Information? .............................................................. C-18
Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers .......................C-19
Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers .....................C-20
Restarting the Network ................................................................................................ C-21
Appendix D
Virtual Private Networking
What is a VPN? ............................................................................................................. D-1
What Is IPSec and How Does It Work? ......................................................................... D-2
IPSec Security Features .............................. ... ... .... ... ... ... .... .................................... D-2
IPSec Components ................... ... ... ... .... ... ... .......................................... .................D-2
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) ...................................................................D-3
Authentication Header (AH) ............................ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ................................. D-4
IKE Security Association ........... .......................................... ... ... ... ........................... D-4
Mode ...................................... ...................... .................... ...................... ........... D-5
Key Management ....................................................................................................D-6
Understand the Process Before You Begin ...................................................................D-6
VPN Process Overview ...... ... ... ... .... .......................................... .................................... D-7
Network Interfaces and Addresses ......................................................................... D-7
Interface Addressing ......................................................................................... D-7
Firewalls ........................................................................................................... D-8
Setting Up a VPN Tunnel Between Gateways ........................................................ D-8
VPNC IKE Security Parameters ...... ... ... ... .... ... ............................................................ D-10
VPNC IKE Phase I Parameters .............................................................................D-10
VPNC IKE Phase II Parameters ............................................................................ D-11
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Testing and Troubleshooting ........................................................................................ D-11
Additional Reading ...................... .... ... .......................................... ... ... .... ..................... D-11
Glossary
List of Glossary Terms ........................................................................................Glossary-1
Numeric ..............................................................................................................Glossary-1
A .........................................................................................................................Glossary-2
B .........................................................................................................................Glossary-2
C ............................................................................ .............................................Glossary-3
D ............................................................................ .............................................Glossary-3
E .........................................................................................................................Glossary-4
G ..................................... .............................................. ...................................... Glossary-5
I .................................... ............. .......... ............. ............. ............. ............. ............ Glossary-5
L ...................................... ................. ............. ................ ................ ................ ......Glossary-7
M ..................................... ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ...... Glossary-7
P .........................................................................................................................Glossary-8
Q ..................................... .............................................. ...................................... Glossary-9
R ............................................................................ .............................................Glossary-9
S .........................................................................................................................Glossary-9
T .......................................................................................................................Glossary-10
U ..................................... ........................................................................... .......Glossary-10
W ......................................................................................................................Glossary-10
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January 2005
Chapter 1
About This Manual
This chapter describes the intended audience, scope, conventions, and formats of this manual.
Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats
This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet
skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies tutorial
information is provided in the Appendices and on the Netgear website.
This guide uses the following typographical conventions:
Table 1-1. Typographical Conventions
italics Emphasis, books, CDs, URL names
bold User input
fixed font Screen text, file and server names, extensions, commands, IP addresses
This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages:
Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.
This manual is written for the FVS338 VPN firewall according to these specifications.:
Table 1-2. Manual Scope
Product Version FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50
Manual Publication Date January 2005
Note: Product updates are available on the NETGEAR, Inc. Web site at
http://kbserver.netgear.com/products/FVS338.asp.
About This Manual 1-1
January 2005
Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
How to Use This Manual
The HTML version of this manual includes the following:
• Buttons, and , for browsing forwards or backwards through the manual one page
at a time
• A button that displays the table of contents and an button. Double-click on a
link in the table of contents or index to navigate directly to where the topic is described in the
manual.
• A button to access the full NETGEAR, Inc. online knowledge base for the
product model.
• Links to PDF versions of the full manual and individual chapters.
1-2 About This Manual
January 2005
Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
How to Print this Manual
To print this manual you can choose one of the following several options, according to your needs.
• Printing a Page in the HTML View.
Each page in the HTML version of the manual is dedicated to a major topic. Use the Print
button on the browser toolbar to print the page contents.
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Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top left of any page.
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About This Manual 1-3
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
1-4 About This Manual
January 2005
Chapter 2
Introduction
This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50.
Key Features of the VPN Firewall
The FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 with 8 port switch connects your local area network (LAN)
to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem.
The FVS338 is a complete security solution that protects your network from attacks and
intrusions. Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers that rely on Network Address Translation
for security, the FVS338 uses Stateful Packet Inspection for Denial of Service (DoS) attack
protection and intrusion detection. The FVS338 VPN firewall provides you with multiple Web
content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts – both, via e-mail.
Network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day, Website
addresses and address keywords, and share high-speed cable/DSL Internet access for a local
network.
With minimum setup, you can install and use the firewall within minutes.
The FVS338 VPN firewall provides the following features:
• One 10/100 Mbps port for an Ethernet connection to a broadband W AN device, such as a cable
modem or DSL modem, and one serial port for a dial-up modem connection to the Internet
through the public switched telephone network (PSTN).
• Dual WAN ports (one broadband and one serial) provide for increased system reliability.
• Support for up to 50 VPN tunnels.
• Easy, web-based setup for installation and management.
• URL keyword Content Filtering and Site Blocking Security.
• Quality of Service (QoS) support for traffic prioritization.
• Built in 8-port 10/100 Mbps switch.
• Extensive Protocol Support.
• Login capability.
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
• SNMP for manageability.
• Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity.
• Flash memory for firmware upgrade.
Full Routing on Both the Broadband and Serial WAN Ports
You can install, configure, and operate the FVS338 to take full advantage of a variety of routing
options on both the serial and broadband WAN ports, including:
• Internet access via either the serial or broadband port.
• Auto fail-over connectivity through an analog modem connected to the serial port
If the broadband Internet connection fails, after waiting for an amount of time you specify , the
FVS338 can automatically establ ish a backup dial-up Internet connection v ia the serial port on
the firewall.
A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering
Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers, the FVS338 is a true firewall, using stateful packet
inspection to defend against hacker attacks. Its firewall features include:
• DoS protection. Automatically detects and thwarts DoS attacks such as Ping of Death, SYN
Flood, LAND Attack, and IP Spoofing.
• Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN.
• Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits.
• Logs security incidents. The FVS338 will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic,
port scans, attacks, and administrator logins. Y ou can configure the firewall to email the log to
you at specified intervals. You can also configure the firewall to send immediate alert
messages to your email address or email pager whenever a significant event occurs.
• With its URL keyword filtering feature, the FVS338 prevents objectionable content from
reaching your PCs. The firewall allows you to control access to Internet content by screening
for keywords within Web addresses. You can configure the firewall to log and report attempts
to access objectionable Internet sites.
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Security
The FVS338 VPN firewall is equipped with several features designed to maintain security, as
described in this section.
• PCs Hidden by NAT
NAT opens a temporary path to the Internet for requests originating from the local network.
Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded, preventing users outside the LAN
from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN.
• Port Forwarding with NAT
Although NAT prevents Internet locations from directly accessing the PCs on the LAN, the
firewall allows you to direct incoming traffic to specific PCs based on the service port number
of the incoming request. You can specify forwarding of single ports or ranges of ports.
• Exposed Host (Software DMZ)
Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the firewall unless the traffic is a
response to one of your local computers or a service for which you have configured an
inbound rule. Instead of discarding this traffic, you can have it forwarded to one computer on
your network.
Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink
With its internal 8-port 10/100 switch, the FVS338 can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard
Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network. Both the LAN and WAN interfaces are
autosensing and capable of full-duplex or half-duplex operation.
TM
The firewall incorporates Auto Uplink
whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a ‘normal’ connection such as to a
PC or an ‘uplink’ connection such as to a switch or hub. That port will then configure itself to the
correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as
Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.
technology. Each Ethernet port will automatically sense
Extensive Protocol Support
The FVS338 VPN firewall supports the T ransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
and Routing Information Protocol
Appendix B, “Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics.”
Introduction 2-3
(RIP). For further information about TCP/IP, refer to
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
• IP Address Sharing by NAT
The FVS338 VPN firewall allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using
only a single IP address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet
service provider (ISP). This technique, known as NAT, allows the use of an inexpensive
single-user ISP account.
• Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP
The FVS338 VPN firewall dynamically assigns network configuration information, including
IP, gateway, and domain name server (DNS) addresses, to attached PCs on the LAN using the
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configuration
of PCs on your local network.
• DNS Proxy
When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified, the firewall provides its own
address as a DNS server to the attached PCs. The firewall obtains actual DNS addresses from
the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN.
• PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)
PPPoE is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over a DSL connection by
simulating a dial-up connection. This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such
as EnterNet or WinPOET on your PC.
Easy Installation and Management
You can install, configure, and operate the FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 within minutes after
connecting it to the network. The following features simplify installation and management tasks:
• Browser-based management
Browser-based configuration allows you to easily configure your firewall from almost any
type of personal computer, such as Windows, Macintosh, or Linux. A user-friendly Setup
Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser-based Web
Management Interface.
• Smart Wizard
The FVS338 VPN firewall automatically senses the type of Internet connection, asking you
only for the information required for your type of ISP account.
•VPN Wizard
The FVS338 VPN firewall includes the NETGEAR VPN Wizard to easily configure VPN
tunnels according to the recommendations of the Virtual Private Network Consortium (VPNC)
to ensure the VPN tunnels are interoperable with other VPNC-compliant VPN routers and
clients.
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
•SNMP
The FVS338 VPN firewall supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to let
you monitor and manage log resources from an SNMP-compliant system manager. The SNMP
system configuration lets you change the system variables for MIB2.
• Diagnostic functions
The firewall incorporates built-in diagnostic functions such as Ping, Trace Route, DNS
lookup, and remote reboot.
• Remote management
The firewall allows you to securely login to the Web Management Interface from a remote
location on the Internet. For additional security, you can limit remote management access to a
specified remote IP address or range of addresses, and you can choose a nonstandard port
number.
• Visual monitoring
The FVS338 VPN firewall’s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and
activity.
Maintenance and Support
NETGEAR offers the following features to help you maximize your use of the FVS338 VPN
firewall:
• Flash memory for firmware upgrade
• Free technical support seven days a week, twenty-four hours a day
Package Contents
The product package should contain the following items:
• FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50.
•AC power adapter.
• Category 5 (Cat 5) Ethernet cable.
• Resource CD for ProSafe VPN Firewall (240-10118-01), including:
— This guide.
— Application Notes and other helpful information.
— ProSafe VPN Client Software - one user license.
Introduction 2-5
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MODEL
FVS338
PWR TEST
100
LINK/ACT
MDM
1
2
345678
INTERNET LOCAL
ProSafe VPN Firewall
100
LINK/ACT
• Warranty and Support Information Card.
If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer. Keep the
carton, including the original packing materials, in case you need to return the firewall for repair.
The Router’s Front Panel
The FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 front panel shown below contains the status LEDs.
Power
LED
Test
LED
Modem
LED
Internet
LEDs
Local
LEDs
Figure 2-1: FVS338 Front Panel
You can use the LEDs to verify various conditions. Table 2-1 lists and describes each object on the
front panel of the router and its operation.
Table 2-1. Object Descriptions
Object Activity Description
Power LED On (Green)
Off
Test LED On (Amber)
Blinking (Amber)
Off
MDM LED On (Green)
Blinking (Green)
Off
Power is supplied to the router.
Power is not supplied to the router.
Test mode: The system is initializing or the initialization has failed.
Writing to Flash memory (during upgrading or resetting to defaults).
The system has booted successfully.
The serial port detected a link with an attached modem.
Server data is being transmitted or received by the serial port.
The serial port has no link.
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Table 2-1. Object Descriptions (continued)
Object Activity Description
Internet
LEDs
Link/Act LED
On (Green)
Blinking (Green)
Off
The WAN port has detected a link with a connected Ethernet device.
Data is being transmitted or received by the WAN port.
The WAN port has no link.
100 LED
On (Green)
Off
The WAN port is operating at 100 Mbps.
The WAN port is operating at 10 Mbps.
Local LEDs Link/Act LED
On (Green)
Blinking (Green)
Off
The LAN port has detected a link with a connected Ethernet device.
Data is being transmitted or received by the LAN port.
The LAN port has no link.
100 LED
On (Green)
Off
The LAN port is operating at 100 Mbps.
The LAN port is operating at 10 Mbps.
The Router’s Rear Panel
The rear panel of the FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 (Figure 2-1) contains the port
connections, modem connector , factory defaults button, On/Off switch, and DC power connection.
LOCAL
FACTORY
DEFAULTS
5
678MODEM
INTERNET
1234
12VDC 1.2A
Modem
Port
Factory
Defaults
Local
Ports
Internet
Port
On/Off
Switch
DC Power
Connection
Button
Figure 2-2: FVS338 Rear Panel
Viewed from left to right, the rear panel contains the following elements:
• Modem port — serves as the WAN2 Internet port through the public switched telephone
network (PSTN).
• Factory Defaults push button — see “Default Factory Settings” on page 2-9.
Introduction 2-7
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
• Local ports — 8-port RJ-45 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet Switch, N-way automatic speed
negotiation, auto MDI/MDIX.
• Internet port — serves as the WAN1 Internet port. One RJ-45 WAN port, N-way automatic
speed negotiation, Auto MDI/MDIX.
•On/Off switch
• DC power in (12 VDC, 1.2A)
The Router’s IP Address, Login Name, and Password
Check the label on the bottom of the FVS338’s enclosure if you forget the following factory
default information:
• IP Address: http://192.168.1.1 to reach the Web-based GUI from the LAN
•User name: admin
• Password: password
LAN IP Address
User Name
Password
Figure 2-3: FVS338 Bottom Label
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Default Factory Settings
When you first receive your FVS338, the default factory settings will be set as shown in Ta ble 2-2
below . You can restore these defaults with the Factory Defaults restore switch on the rear panel —
see “The Router’s Rear Panel” on page 2-7.
• Pressing this switch for a prolonged period (>10 seconds; until the EST LED begins to blink)
causes the router to restore all factory default settings and reboot.
• A shorter press and release causes the router to merely reboot.
Table 2-2. Factory Default Settings
Feature Default
User Name (case sensitive) admin
Password (case sensitive) password
Built-in DHCP server DHCP server enabled, issues addresses in the
default subnet
IP Configuration IP Address: 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Time Zone GMT
Time Zone Adjust for Daylight Saving TIme Disabled
SNMP Disabled
NETGEAR Related Products
NETGEAR products related to the FVS338 ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 are as follows:
• FA311 10/100 PCI Adapter
• FA511 10/100 32-bit CardBus Adapter
• GA311 10/100/1000 PCI Adapter
• FVL328 ProSafe VPN Firewall
• FVS318 ProSafe VPN Firewall 8
• FVX538 ProSafe VPN Firewall 200
• FWG114P ProSafe 802.11g Wireless Firewall with USB Print Server
• NMS100 ProSafe Network Management System
Introduction 2-9
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
• VPN01L and VPN05L ProSafe VPN Client Software
• WG302 ProSafe 802.11g Access Point
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Chapter 3
Network Planning
This chapter describes the factors to consider when planning a network using a router that has dual
WAN ports.
Overview of the Planning Process
The areas that require planning when using a router that has dual WAN ports include:
• Single or multiple exposed hosts
• Virtual private networks (VPNs)
The two WAN ports can be configured to fail over for increased system reliability.
Note: Exposed hosts are sometimes referred to as DMZ hosts. Unlike hardware-based
DMZ ports, however, exposed hosts are implemented in software and do not enjoy the
same level of firewall protection that hardware-based DMZ ports do. Use the exposed
host feature at your own risk.
Single or Multiple Exposed Hosts
Unrequested incoming traffic can be directed to one or more exposed hosts rather than being
discarded. As a result, the IP address of at least one WAN port must always be public.
The mechanism for making the IP address public depends on whether there are single or multiple
exposed hosts and whether the dual WAN ports are configured to either fail over or balance the
loads. See “Single or Multiple Exposed Hosts” on page 3-2 for further discussion.
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
A virtual private network (VPN) tunnel provides a secure communication channel between either
two gateway VPN routers or between a remote PC client and gateway VPN router. As a result, the
IP address of at least one of the tunnel end points must be known in advance in ord e r for the o t her
tunnel end point to establish (or re-establish) the VPN tunnel. See “Virtual Private Networks
(VPNs)” on page 3-5 for further discussion.
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 50 FVS338
Note: Once the gateway router WAN port fails over, the VPN tunnel collapses and must
be re-established using the new WAN IP address.
The Fail-over Case for Routers With Dual WAN Ports
Failover (Figure 3-1) for the dual WAN port case is different from the single gateway WAN port
case when specifying the IP address. Only one WAN port is active at a time and when it fails over,
the IP address of the active WAN port always changes. Hence, the use of a fully-qualified domain
name is always required, even when the IP address of each WAN port is fixed.
Dual WAN Ports (Before Failover)
Router
IP address of active WAN port changes after a failover:
o use of fully-qualified domain names always required
o features requiring fixed IP address blocks not supported
WAN1 IP
WAN1 port active
PSTN
X
WAN2 port inactive
WAN2 IP (N/A)
X
Dual WAN Ports (After Failover)
Router
WAN1 IP (N/A)
WAN1 port inactive
XX
PSTN
WAN2 port active
WAN2 IP
Figure 3-1: Dual WAN ports before and after failover
Features such as multiple exposed hosts are not supported in general when using dual WAN port
failover because the IP addresses of each WAN port must be in the identical range of fixed
addresses.
Note: In certain locales, an ISP has been able to provision the same IP address for the
broadband and PSTN service so that the failover to a serial connection would be as
seamless as possible.
Single or Multiple Exposed Hosts
Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the firewall unless the traffic is a
response to one of your local computers or a service that you have configured in the Incoming
Rules menu. Instead of discarding this traffic, yo u can have it forwarded to one or more LAN hosts
on your network. These LAN hosts are called exposed hosts. The addressing of the router’s dual
WAN port depends on the configuration being implemented:
3-2 Network Planning
January 2005
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