The LM12434 and LM12ÀLÓ438 are highly integrated Data
Acquisition Systems. Operating on 3V to 5V, they combine a
fully-differential self-calibrating (correcting linearity and zero
errors) 13-bit (12-bit
(ADC) and sample-and-hold (S/H) with extensive analog
and digital functionality. Up to 32 consecutive conversions,
using two’s complement format, can be stored in an internal
32-word (16-bit wide) FIFO data buffer. An internal 8-word
instruction RAM can store the conversion sequence for up
to eight acquisitions through the LM12
multiplexer. The LM12434 has a four-channel multiplexer, a
differential multiplexer output, and a differential S/H input.
The LM12434 and LM12
a
sign resolution and in a supervisory ‘‘watchdog’’ mode
that compares an input signal against two programmable
limits.
Acquisition times and conversion rates are programmable
through the use of internal clock-driven timers. The differential reference voltage inputs can be externally driven for absolute or ratiometric operation.
All registers, RAM, and FIFO are directly accessible through
the high speed and flexible serial I/O interface bus. The
serial interface bus is user selectable to interface with the
following protocols with zero glue logic: MICROWIRE/
TM
PLUS
, Motorola’s SPI/QSPI, Hitachi’s SCI, 8051 Family’s
Serial Port (Mode 0), I
Port.
An evaluation kit for demonstrating the LM12434 and
ÀLÓ
LM12
438 is available.
TRI-STATEÉis a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
MICROWIRE/PLUS
Windows
TM
is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
É
a
sign) analog-to-digital converter
ÀLÓ
438’s eight-input
ÀLÓ
438 can also operate with 8-bit
2
C and the TMS320 Family’s Serial
is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
Key Specifications
e
f
8 MHzÀL, f
CLK
Y
Resolution12-bitasign or 8-bitasign
Y
13-bit conversion time5.5 msÀ7.3 msÓ(max)
Y
9-bit conversion time2.6 msÀ3.5 msÓ(max)
Y
13-bit Through-put rate
Y
Comparison time (‘‘watchdog’’ mode)
Y
Serial Clock10 MHzÀ6 MHzÓ(max)
Y
Integral Linearity Error
Y
VINrangeGND to V
Y
Power dissipation45 mWÀ20 mWÓ(max)
Y
Stand-by mode
power dissipation25 mW
Y
Supply voltage LM12L4383.3Vg10%
Features
Y
Three operating modes: 12-bitasign, 8-bitasign,
and ‘‘watchdog’’ comparison mode
Y
Single-ended or differential inputs
Y
Built-in Sample-and-Hold
Y
Instruction RAM and event sequencer
Y
8-channel (LM12ÀLÓ438) or 4-channel (LM12434)
multiplexer
Y
32-word conversion FIFO
Y
Programmable acquisition times and conversion rates
Y
Self-calibration and diagnostic mode
Y
Power down output for system power management
Y
Read while convert capability for maximum through-put
e
CLK
140k samples/s
LM12434/85V
rate
Applications
Y
Data Logging
Y
Portable Instrumentation
Y
Process Control
Y
Energy Management
Y
Robotics
6 MHz
Ó
À
105k sample/sÓ(min)
À
1.4 ms
1.8 msÓ(max)
g
1 LSB (max)
À
16.5 mWÓ(typ)
g
A
10%
À
L
Ó
438 12-Bit
a
a
Sign Data Acquisition System
Connection Diagrams
28-Pin PLCC Package
*Pin names in ( ) apply to the LM12434
TL/H/11879– 1
Order Number LM12434CIWM, LM12438CIWM, or
Order Number LM12434CIV, LM12438CIV, or
LM12L438CIV
See NS Package Number V28A
C
1995 National Semiconductor CorporationRRD-B30M85/Printed in U. S. A.
8.7 Power Supply Consideration АААААААААААААААААААА77
8.8 PC Board Layout and Grounding ConsiderationÀÀÀÀ78
2
1.0 Functional Diagrams
LM12434
INTERFACEMODESEL1MODESEL2P1P2P3P4P5
Standard01R
8051001*1*CSRXDTXD
I2C10SAD0SAD1SAD2SDASCL
TMS32011FSRFSXDXDRSCLK
*Internal pull-up
/FCS
DIDOSCLK
Ordering Information (LM12434)
Part NumberPackage TypeNSC Package NumberTemperature Range
LM12434CIV28-Pin PLCCV28A
LM12434CIWM28-Pin Wide Body SOM28B
3
b
40§Ctoa85§C
b
40§Ctoa85§C
TL/H/11879– 3
1.0 Functional Diagrams (Continued)
LM12
ÀLÓ
438
INTERFACEMODESEL1MODESEL2P1P2P3P4P5
Standard01R/FCSDIDOSCLK
8051001*1*CSRXDTXD
I2C10SAD0SAD1SAD2SDASCL
TMS32011FSRFSXDXDRSCLK
*Internal pull-up
Ordering Information (LM12ÀLÓ438)
Part NumberPackage TypeNSC Package NumberTemperature Range
LM12438CIV28-Pin PLCCV28A
LM12L438CIV
LM12438CIWM28-Pin Wide Body SOM28B
LM12L438CIWM
LM12438 EvalEvaluation Board and WindowsÉbased software
4
b
40§Ctoa85§C
b
40§Ctoa85§C
TL/H/11879– 4
2.0 Electrical Specifications
2.1 RATINGS
2.1.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Notes1&2)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales
Office/Distributors for availability and specifications.
Supply Voltage (V
a
A
Voltage at Input and Output Pins
except IN0–IN3 (LM12434)
and IN0 – IN7 (LM12
Voltage at Analog Inputs IN0– IN3 (LM12434)
and IN0–IN7 (LM12
a
a
b
V
V
l
A
AGNDbDGND
l
l
D
l
Input Current at Any Pin (Note 3)
Package Input Current (Note 3)
Power Dissipation (T
V Package
a
and V
)6.0V
D
ÀLÓ
438)
ÀLÓ
438)GNDb5V to V
e
25§C) (Note 4)
A
b
0.3V to V
a
a
a
300 mV
300 mV
g
g
0.3V
a
5V
5mA
20 mA
WM Package
Storage Temperature
b
65§Ctoa150§C
Soldering Information, Lead Temperature (Note 19)
V Package, Vapor Phase (60 seconds)
Infrared (15 seconds)
WM Package, Vapor Phase (60 seconds)
Infrared (15 seconds)
ESD Susceptibility (Note 5)1.5 kV
2.2 PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS All specifications apply to the LM12434, LM12438, and LM12L438 unless otherwise
noted. Specifications in braces
2.2.1 Converter Static Characteristics The following specifications apply to the LM12434 and LM12
a
e5VÀ
V
D
8.0 MHzÀ6 MHzÓ,R
À
1.25VÓcommon-mode voltage, and minimum acquisition time unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply for T
T
J
3.3VÓ, AGNDeDGNDe0V, V
e
T
to T
MIN
MAX
ÀÓ
apply only to the LM12L438.
e
25X, source impedance for V
S
; all other limits T
e
T
A
e
4.096VÀ2.5VÓ,V
a
REF
e
25§C. (Notes 6, 7, 8 and 9)
J
SymbolParameterConditions
ILEPositive and Negative IntegralAfter Auto-Cal (Notes 12, 17)
Linearity Error
TUETotal Unadjusted ErrorAfter Auto-Cal (Note 12)
Resolution with No Missing CodesAfter Auto-Cal (Note 12)13Bits
SDA High Hold Time after SCL
High (Stop Condition)
ÀLÓ
438 for V
Ó
ns (min)
Ó
ns (max)
40ns (min)
40ns (min)
a
A
TL/H/11879– 22
13
2.0 Electrical Specifications (Continued)
2.4 NOTES ON SPECIFICATIONS
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed
specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test
conditions.
Note 2: All voltages are measured with respect to GND, unless otherwise specified. GND specifies either AGND and/or DGND and V
a
.
or V
D
Note 3: When the input voltage (V
5 mA. The 20 mA maximum package input current rating allows the voltage at any four pins, with an input current of 5 mA, to simultaneously exceed the power
supply voltages.
Note 4: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by T
junction to ambient thermal resistance), and T
or the number given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. For this device, T
H
JA
package, when board mounted, is 70
) at any pin exceeds the power supply rails (V
IN
(ambient temperature). The maximum allowable power dissipation at any temperature is PD
A
C/W and in the WM package, when board mounted, is 60§C/W.
§
IN
k
GND or V
a
IN
Jmax
l
e
a
(V
or V
)), the current at that pin should be limited to
A
D
(maximum junction temperature), HJA(package
Jmax
150§C, and the typical thermal resistance (HJA) of the V
Note 5: Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kX resistor.
Note 6: Two on-chip diodes are tied to each analog input through a series resistor, as shown below. Input voltage magnitude up to 5V above V
GND will not damage the part. However, errors in the A/D conversion can occur if these diodes are forward biased by more than 100 mV. As an example, if V
, the full-scale input voltage must bes4.6 VDCto ensure accurate conversions.
4.5 V
DC
a
specifies either V
e
max
(T
Jmax
a
or 5V below
A
a
and/
A
b
TA)/
a
A
is
a
Note 7: V
conversion/comparison accuracy. Refer to Section 8.0 for a detailed discussion on grounding the DAS.
Note 8: Accuracy is guaranteed when operating the LM12434/LM12
Note 9: With the test condition for V
Note 10: Typicals are at T
Note 11: Limits are guaranteed to National’s AOQL (Average Output Quality Level).
Note 12: Positive integral linearity error is defined as the deviation of the analog value, expressed in LSBs, from the straight line that passes through positive full-
scale and zero. For negative integral linearity error the straight line passes through negative full-scale and zero. (See
Note 13: Zero error is a measure of the deviation from the mid-scale voltage (a code of zero), expressed in LSB. It is the average value of the code transitions
b
between
Note 14: The DC common-mode error is measured with both the inverted and non-inverted inputs shorted together and driven from 0V to 5V
measured value is referred to the resulting output value when the inputs are driven with a 2.5V
a
and V
A
must be connected together to the same power supply voltage and bypassed with separate capacitors at each Vapin to assure
D
e
A
1to0and0toa1 (see
ÀLÓ
b
V
a
REF(VREF
25§C and represent most likely parametric norm.
Figure 6
).
) given asa4.096V, the 12-bit LSB is 1 mV and the 8-bit/‘‘Watchdog’’ LSB is 19 mV.
b
REF
438 at f
CLK
e
8 MHzÀ6 MHzÓ.
À
1.65VÓsignal.
Note 15: Power Supply Sensitivity is measured after Auto-Zero and/or Auto-Calibration cycle has been completed with V
Note 16: V
Note 17: The device self-calibration technique ensures linearity and offset errors as specified, but noise inherent in the self-calibration process will result in a
repeatability uncertainty of
Note 18: The Throughput Rate is for a single instruction repeated continuously while reading data during conversions with a serial clock frequency f
À
8 MHzÓ. Sequencer states 0 (1 clock cycle), 1 (1 clock cycle), 7 (9 clock cycles) and 5 (44 clock cycles) are used (see
conversion. The Throughput Rate is f
Note 19: See AN-450 ‘‘Surface Mounting Methods and their Effect on Product Reliability’’ for other methods of soldering surface mount devices.
Note 20: Each input referenced to the other input sees a
done by applying two sine waves with 180
Note 21: Multiplexer channel-to-channel crosstalk is measured by placing a sinewave with a frequency of f
frequency of f
generated by doing a FFT on these samples. The crosstalk is then calculated by subtracting the amplitude of the frequency component at 40 kHz from the
amplitude of the fundamental frequency at 5 kHz.
Note 22: Interrupt 7 is set to return an out-of-standby flag 10 ms (typ) after the device is requested to come out of standby mode. However, characterization has
shown the devices will perform to their rated specifications in 2 ms.
(Reference Voltage Common Mode Range) is defined as (V
REFCM
g
0.10 LSB.
(MHz)/N, where N is the number of clock cycles/conversion.
CLK
g
4.096V (8.192 V
CROSSTALK
phase shift and 4.096 V
§
e
40 kHz on the remaining channels. 8192 conversions are performed on the channel with the 5 kHz signal. A special response is
(between GND and V
p-p
a
V
REF
b
A
)/2. See
a
) to the inputs.
a
REF
) sine wave. However the voltage at each input stays within the supply rails. This is
p-p
TL/H/11879– 5
Figures 5b
and5c).
a
a
and V
and4.
A
Figures 3
Figure 10
e
5 kHz on one channel and another sinewave with a
IN
at the specified extremes.
D
) for a total of 56 clock cycles per
SCLK
À
3.3VÓ. The
e
10 MHz
14
3.0 Electrical Characteristics
FIGURE 1. Output Digital Code vs the Operating Input Voltage Range (General Case)
FIGURE 2. Output Digital Code vs the Operating Input Voltage Range for V
REF
e
TL/H/11879– 6
TL/H/11879– 7
4.096V
15
3.0 Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
FIGURE 3. V
FIGURE 4. V
Operating Range (General Case)
REF
Operating Range for V
REF
TL/H/11879– 8
a
e
5V
A
TL/H/11879– 9
16
3.0 Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
FIGURE 5a. Transfer Characteristic
FIGURE 5b. Simplified Error Curve vs Output Code without Auto-Calibration or Auto-Zero Cycles
TL/H/11879– 10
TL/H/11879– 11
17
3.0 Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
FIGURE 5c. Simplified Error Curve vs Output Code after Auto-Calibration Cycle
TL/H/11879– 13
FIGURE 6. Offset or Zero Error Voltage
TL/H/11879– 12
18
4.0 Typical Performance Characteristics
The following curves apply for 12-bitasign mode after auto-calibration unless otherwise specified. The performance for 8-bit
sign and ‘‘watchdog’’ modes is equal to or better than shown. (Note 9)
sign mode after auto-calibration unless otherwise specified.
a
e
e
V
5V, V
D
e
4.096V, f
REF
Bipolar Signal-to-Noise
a
Distortion vs
CLK
e
8 MHz, f
Input Frequency
SCLK
e
10 MHz, V
e
g
IN
Bipolar Total Harmonic
Distortion vs Input Frequency
4.096Vx0 dB,
Bipolar Spurious Free
Dynamic Range
vs Input Frequency
Bipolar Spectral Response
with 40.283 kHz
Sine Wave at 0 dB
Bipolar Spectral Response
with 62.25 kHz
Sine Wave at 0 dB
Bipolar Spectral Response
with 1.025 kHz
Sine Wave at 0 dB
Bipolar Spectral Response
with 40.283 kHz
Sine Wave at
Bipolar Two Tone Spectral
Response with f1
e
f2
b
0.5 dB
e
19.190 kHz and
19.482 kHz Sine Waves
Bipolar Spectral Response
with 10.010 kHz
Sine Wave at 0 dB
Bipolar Spectral Response
with 40.283 kHz
Sine Wave at
b
1.0 dB
TL/H/11879– 25
TL/H/11879– 26
22
5.0 Pin Descriptions
TABLE I. LM12ÀLÓ438 Pin Description
Pin Number
PLCCSO
Pkg.Pkg.
17DGNDDigital ground. This is the device’s digital supply ground connection. It should be connected
28IN0These are the eight analog inputs to the multiplexer. For each conversion to be performed, the
39IN1active channels are selected according to the instruction RAM programming. Any individual
410IN2channel can be selected for a single-ended conversion referenced to AGND, or any pair of
511IN3channels, whether adjacent or non adjacent, can be selected as a fully differential input pairs.
612IN4
713IN5
814IN6
915IN7
1016V
1117V
1218AGNDAnalog ground. This is the device’s analog supply ground connection. It should be connected
1319V
1420DGNDDigital ground. See above definition.
1521V
1622voltage range is
1723P5P1 –P5 are the multi-function serial interface input or output pins that have different assignments
1824P4Serial interface input/output: Standard:DO
1925P3Serial interface input:Standard:DI
Pin NameDescription
through a low resistance and low inductance ground return to the system power supply.
a
REF
Positive reference input. The operating voltage range for this input is 1VsV
Figures 3
and4). In order to achieve 12-bit performance this pin should be by passed to AGND
at least with a parallel combination of a 10 mF and a 0.1 mF (ceramic) capacitor. The capacitors
should be placed as close to the part as possible.
b
REF
Negative reference input. The operating voltage range for this input is 0 VsV
b
1V (See
Figures 3
and4). In order to achieve 12-bit performance, this pin should be bypassed
to AGND at least with a parallel combination of a 10 mF and a 0.1 mF (ceramic) capacitor. The
capacitors should be placed as close to the part as possible.
through a low resistance and low inductance ground return to the system power supply.
a
A
Analog supply. This is the supply connection for the analog circuitry. The device operating supply
voltage range is
a
3.0V toa5.5V. Accuracy is guaranteed only if the V
connected to the same potential. In order to achieve 12-bit performance, this pin should be
bypassed to AGND at least with a parallel combination of a 10 mF and a 0.1 mF (ceramic)
capacitor. The capacitors should be placed as close to the part as possible.
a
D
Digital supply. This is the supply connection for the analog circuitry. The device operating supply
a
3.0V toa5.5V. The device accuracy is guaranteed only if the V
are connected to the same potential. In order to achieve 12-bit performance this pin should be
by passed to DGND at least with a parallel combination of a 10 mF and a 0.1 mF (ceramic)
capacitor. The capacitors should be placed as close to the part as possible.
depending on the selected mode.
Serial interface input:Standard:SCLK
2228MODESEL2Serial mode selection inputs. The logic states of these inputs determine the operation of
231MODESEL1the serial mode as shown below. The standard mode covers the National’s MICROWIRE,
Motorola’s SPI and Hitachi’s SCl protocols.
MODESEL1, MODESEL2:01Standard mode
242CLKThe device main clock input. The operating range of clock frequency is 0.05 MHz to
10.0 MHz. The device accuracy is guaranteed only for the clock frequencies indicated in
the specification tables.
253INTInterrupt output. This is an active low output. An interrupt is generated any time a non-
masked interrupt condition takes place. There are seven different conditions that can
generate an interrupt. (Refer to Section 6.2.4). The interrupt is set high (inactive) by reading
the interrupt status register. This output can drive up to 100 pF of capacitive loads. An
external buffer should be used for driving higher capacitive loads.
264SYNCSynchronization input/output. SYNC is an input if the Configuration Register’s SYNC I/O bit
is ‘‘0’’ and output when the bit is ‘‘1’’. When sync is an input, a rising edge on this pin
causes the internal S/H to hold the input signal and a conversion cycle or a comparison
cycle (depending on the programmed instruction) to be started. (The conversion or
comparison actually begins on the rising edge of the CLK immediately following the rising
edge of sync.) When output, it goes high at the start of a conversion or a comparison cycle
and returns low when the cycle is completed. At power up the SYNC pin is set as an input.
When used as an output it can drive up to 100 pF of capacitive loads. An external buffer
should be used for driving higher capacitive loads.
275STANDBYOUTStand-by output. This is an active low output. STANDBYOUT will be activated when the
LM12ÀLÓ438 is put into stand-by mode through the Configuration Register’s stand-by bit. It
is used to force any other devices in the system (signal conditioning circuitry, for example)
to go into power-down mode. This is done by connecting the ‘‘shutdown’’, ‘‘powerdown’’,
‘‘standby’’, etc. pins of the other ICs to STANDBYOUT
ICs do not have the power-down inputs, STANDBYOUT
through an electronic switch. Note that the logic polarity of the STANDBYOUT
opposite to that of the stand-by bit in the Configuration Register.
286V
a
D
Digital supply. See above definition.
LM12434 Pin Description. (Same as LM12
LM12434 Pin Description (Same As LM12
612MUXOUT
713MUXOUT
814S/H IN
915S/H IN
b
b
a
Multiplexer outputs. These are the LM12434’s externally available analog MUX output pins.
a
Analog inputs are directed to these outputs based on the Instruction RAM programming.
Sample-and-hold inputs. These are the inverting and non-inverting inputs of the sampleand-hold. LM12434 allows external analog signal conditioning circuits to be placed
between MUX outputs and S/H inputs.
ÀLÓ
438 Pin Description (Continued)
8051:1
2
I
C:SAD1
TMS320:FSX
8051:1
2
I
C:SAD0
TMS320:FSR
008051
10I
2
11TMS320
ÀLÓ
438 with the exceptions of the following pins.)
ÀLÓ
438 with the exception of the following pins.)
C
. In those cases where the peripheral
can be used to turn off their power
is the
24
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