MOTOROLA MC68331 User Guide

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MC68331
User’s Manual
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters can and do vary in different applications. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. MOTOROLA and ! are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
© MOTOROLA, INC. 1996
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Paragraph Title Page
SECTION 1INTRODUCTION
SECTION 2NOMENCLATURE
2.1 Symbols and Operators ..................................................................................2-1
2.2 CPU32 Registers ............................................................................................2-2
2.3 Pin and Signal Mnemonics .............................................................................2-3
2.4 Register Mnemonics .......................................................................................2-5
2.5 Conventions ...................................................................................................2-6
SECTION 3OVERVIEW
3.1 MCU Features ................................................................................................3-1
3.1.1 System Integration Module (SIM) ...........................................................3-1
3.1.2 Central Processing Unit (CPU32) ...........................................................3-1
3.1.3 Queued Serial Module (QSM) ................................................................3-1
3.1.4 General-Purpose Timer (GPT) ...............................................................3-2
3.2 System Block Diagram and Pin Assignment Diagrams ..................................3-2
3.3 Pin Descriptions .............................................................................................3-5
3.4 Signal Descriptions .........................................................................................3-7
3.5 Intermodule Bus ...........................................................................................3-10
3.6 System Memory Map ...................................................................................3-10
3.6.1 Internal Register Map ...........................................................................3-10
3.6.2 Address Space Maps ...........................................................................3-10
3.7 System Reset ...............................................................................................3-16
3.7.1 SIM Reset Mode Selection ...................................................................3-16
3.7.2 MCU Module Pin Function During Reset .............................................3-17
SECTION 4 SYSTEM INTEGRATION MODULE
4.1 General ...........................................................................................................4-1
4.2 System Configuration and Protection .............................................................4-2
4.2.1 Module Mapping .....................................................................................4-3
4.2.2 Interrupt Arbitration .................................................................................4-3
4.2.3 Show Internal Cycles ..............................................................................4-4
4.2.4 Factory Test Mode .................................................................................4-4
4.2.5 Register Access .....................................................................................4-4
4.2.6 Reset Status ...........................................................................................4-4
4.2.7 Bus Monitor ............................................................................................4-4
4.2.8 Halt Monitor ............................................................................................4-5
4.2.9 Spurious Interrupt Monitor ......................................................................4-5
4.2.10 Software Watchdog ................................................................................4-5
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4.2.11 Periodic Interrupt Timer ..........................................................................4-7
4.2.12 Low-Power STOP Operation ..................................................................4-8
4.2.13 Freeze Operation ...................................................................................4-9
4.3 System Clock .................................................................................................4-9
4.3.1 Clock Sources ......................................................................................4-10
4.3.2 Clock Synthesizer Operation ................................................................4-10
4.3.3 External Bus Clock ...............................................................................4-15
4.3.4 Low-Power Operation ...........................................................................4-15
4.3.5 Loss of Reference Signal .....................................................................4-16
4.4 External Bus Interface ..................................................................................4-17
4.4.1 Bus Signals ..........................................................................................4-18
4.4.1.1 Address Bus ................................................................................. 4-18
4.4.1.2 Address Strobe ............................................................................ 4-18
4.4.1.3 Data Bus ...................................................................................... 4-18
4.4.1.4 Data Strobe ..................................................................................4-18
4.4.1.5 Read/Write Signal ........................................................................ 4-18
4.4.1.6 Size Signals ................................................................................. 4-18
4.4.1.7 Function Codes ............................................................................4-19
4.4.1.8 Data and Size Acknowledge Signals ...........................................4-19
4.4.1.9 Bus Error Signal ...........................................................................4-19
4.4.1.10 Halt Signal .................................................................................... 4-20
4.4.1.11 Autovector Signal .........................................................................4-20
4.4.2 Dynamic Bus Sizing .............................................................................4-20
4.4.3 Operand Alignment ..............................................................................4-21
4.4.4 Misaligned Operands ...........................................................................4-21
4.4.5 Operand Transfer Cases ......................................................................4-22
4.5 Bus Operation ..............................................................................................4-22
4.5.1 Synchronization to CLKOUT ................................................................4-23
4.5.2 Regular Bus Cycles ..............................................................................4-23
4.5.2.1 Read Cycle ................................................................................... 4-24
4.5.2.2 Write Cycle ................................................................................... 4-25
4.5.3 Fast Termination Cycles .......................................................................4-25
4.5.4 CPU Space Cycles ...............................................................................4-26
4.5.4.1 Breakpoint Acknowledge Cycle .................................................... 4-27
4.5.4.2 LPSTOP Broadcast Cycle ............................................................ 4-30
4.5.5 Bus Exception Control Cycles ..............................................................4-30
4.5.5.1 Bus Errors .................................................................................... 4-32
4.5.5.2 Double Bus Faults ........................................................................ 4-32
4.5.5.3 Retry Operation ............................................................................ 4-33
4.5.5.4 Halt Operation ..............................................................................4-33
4.5.6 External Bus Arbitration ........................................................................4-34
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4.5.6.1 Slave (Factory Test) Mode Arbitration ......................................... 4-35
4.5.6.2 Show Cycles ................................................................................ 4-35
4.6 Reset ............................................................................................................ 4-36
4.6.1 Reset Exception Processing ................................................................4-36
4.6.2 Reset Control Logic ..............................................................................4-37
4.6.3 Reset Mode Selection ..........................................................................4-37
4.6.3.1 Data Bus Mode Selection ............................................................. 4-38
4.6.3.2 Clock Mode Selection .................................................................. 4-40
4.6.3.3 Breakpoint Mode Selection .......................................................... 4-40
4.6.4 MCU Module Pin Function During Reset .............................................4-40
4.6.5 Pin State During Reset .........................................................................4-41
4.6.5.1 Reset States of SIM Pins ............................................................. 4-41
4.6.5.2 Reset States of Pins Assigned to Other MCU Modules ...............4-42
4.6.6 Reset Timing ........................................................................................4-42
4.6.7 Power-On Reset ...................................................................................4-43
4.6.8 Reset Processing Summary .................................................................4-44
4.6.9 Reset Status Register ..........................................................................4-45
4.7 Interrupts ......................................................................................................4-45
4.7.1 Interrupt Exception Processing ............................................................4-45
4.7.2 Interrupt Priority and Recognition .........................................................4-45
4.7.3 Interrupt Acknowledge and Arbitration .................................................4-46
4.7.4 Interrupt Processing Summary .............................................................4-47
4.7.5 Interrupt Acknowledge Bus Cycles .......................................................4-48
4.8 Chip Selects .................................................................................................4-48
4.8.1 Chip-Select Registers ...........................................................................4-50
4.8.1.1 Chip-Select Pin Assignment Registers ........................................ 4-51
4.8.1.2 Chip-Select Base Address Registers ...........................................4-52
4.8.1.3 Chip-Select Option Registers ....................................................... 4-52
4.8.1.4 PORTC Data Register .................................................................. 4-54
4.8.2 Chip-Select Operation ..........................................................................4-54
4.8.3 Using Chip-Select Signals for Interrupt Acknowledge ..........................4-54
4.8.4 Chip-Select Reset Operation ................................................................4-55
4.9 Parallel Input/Output Ports ...........................................................................4-57
4.9.1 Pin Assignment Registers ....................................................................4-57
4.9.2 Data Direction Registers ......................................................................4-57
4.9.3 Data Registers ......................................................................................4-57
4.10 Factory Test .................................................................................................4-57
SECTION 5 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
5.1 General ...........................................................................................................5-1
5.2 CPU32 Registers ............................................................................................5-2
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5.2.1 Data Registers ........................................................................................5-4
5.2.2 Address Registers ..................................................................................5-5
5.2.3 Program Counter ....................................................................................5-6
5.2.4 Control Registers ....................................................................................5-6
5.2.4.1 Status Register ............................................................................... 5-6
5.2.4.2 Alternate Function Code Registers ................................................ 5-6
5.2.5 Vector Base Register (VBR) ...................................................................5-7
5.3 Memory Organization .....................................................................................5-7
5.4 Virtual Memory ...............................................................................................5-9
5.5 Addressing Modes ..........................................................................................5-9
5.6 Processing States ..........................................................................................5-9
5.7 Privilege Levels ............................................................................................5-10
5.8 Instructions ................................................................................................... 5-10
5.8.1 M68000 Family Compatibility ...............................................................5-14
5.8.2 Special Control Instructions ..................................................................5-14
5.8.2.1 Low Power Stop (LPSTOP) ......................................................... 5-14
5.8.2.2 Table Lookup and Interpolate (TBL) ............................................ 5-14
5.9 Exception Processing ...................................................................................5-14
5.9.1 Exception Vectors ................................................................................5-15
5.9.2 Types of Exceptions .............................................................................5-16
5.9.3 Exception Processing Sequence ..........................................................5-17
5.10 Development Support ...................................................................................5-17
5.10.1 M68000 Family Development Support .................................................5-17
5.10.2 Background Debugging Mode ..............................................................5-18
5.10.2.1 Enabling BDM .............................................................................. 5-19
5.10.2.2 BDM Sources ...............................................................................5-19
5.10.2.3 Entering BDM ............................................................................... 5-20
5.10.2.4 BDM Commands .......................................................................... 5-21
5.10.2.5 Background Mode Registers ........................................................ 5-21
5.10.2.6 Returning from BDM .................................................................... 5-22
5.10.2.7 Serial Interface .............................................................................5-22
5.10.2.8 Recommended BDM Connection ................................................. 5-24
5.10.3 Deterministic Opcode Tracking ............................................................5-24
5.10.4 On-Chip Breakpoint Hardware .............................................................5-25
5.11 Loop Mode Instruction Execution .................................................................5-25
SECTION 6QUEUED SERIAL MODULE
6.1 General ...........................................................................................................6-1
6.2 QSM Registers and Address Map ..................................................................6-2
6.2.1 QSM Global Registers ............................................................................6-2
6.2.1.1 Low-Power Stop Operation ............................................................6-2
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6.2.1.2 Freeze Operation ........................................................................... 6-3
6.2.1.3 QSM Interrupts ............................................................................... 6-3
6.2.2 QSM Pin Control Registers ....................................................................6-4
6.3 Queued Serial Peripheral Interface ................................................................6-5
6.3.1 QSPI Registers .......................................................................................6-6
6.3.1.1 Control Registers ........................................................................... 6-7
6.3.1.2 Status Register ............................................................................... 6-7
6.3.2 QSPI RAM ..............................................................................................6-7
6.3.2.1 Receive RAM ................................................................................. 6-8
6.3.2.2 Transmit RAM ................................................................................ 6-8
6.3.2.3 Command RAM .............................................................................. 6-8
6.3.3 QSPI Pins ...............................................................................................6-8
6.3.4 QSPI Operation ......................................................................................6-9
6.3.5 QSPI Operating Modes ........................................................................6-10
6.3.5.1 Master Mode ................................................................................ 6-17
6.3.5.2 Master Wraparound Mode ........................................................... 6-19
6.3.5.3 Slave Mode .................................................................................. 6-20
6.3.5.4 Slave Wraparound Mode ............................................................. 6-21
6.3.6 Peripheral Chip Selects ........................................................................6-21
6.4 Serial Communication Interface ...................................................................6-22
6.4.1 SCI Registers .......................................................................................6-22
6.4.1.1 Control Registers ......................................................................... 6-22
6.4.1.2 Status Register ............................................................................. 6-25
6.4.1.3 Data Register ............................................................................... 6-25
6.4.2 SCI Pins ...............................................................................................6-25
6.4.3 SCI Operation .......................................................................................6-25
6.4.3.1 Definition of Terms .......................................................................6-26
6.4.3.2 Serial Formats .............................................................................. 6-26
6.4.3.3 Baud Clock ................................................................................... 6-26
6.4.3.4 Parity Checking ............................................................................6-27
6.4.3.5 Transmitter Operation .................................................................. 6-27
6.4.3.6 Receiver Operation ...................................................................... 6-29
6.4.3.7 Idle-Line Detection ....................................................................... 6-29
6.4.3.8 Receiver Wakeup ......................................................................... 6-30
6.4.3.9 Internal Loop ................................................................................ 6-31
6.5 QSM Initialization .........................................................................................6-31
SECTION 7GENERAL-PURPOSE TIMER
7.1 General ...........................................................................................................7-1
7.2 GPT Registers and Address Map ...................................................................7-2
7.3 Special Modes of Operation ...........................................................................7-3
MC68331 MOTOROLA USER’S MANUAL vii
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7.3.1 Low-Power Stop Mode ...........................................................................7-3
7.3.2 Freeze Mode ..........................................................................................7-3
7.3.3 Single-Step Mode ...................................................................................7-3
7.3.4 Test Mode ..............................................................................................7-4
7.4 Polled and Interrupt-Driven Operation ............................................................7-4
7.4.1 Polled Operation .....................................................................................7-4
7.4.2 GPT Interrupts ........................................................................................7-5
7.5 Pin Descriptions .............................................................................................7-6
7.5.1 Input Capture Pins (IC[1:3]) ....................................................................7-6
7.5.2 Input Capture/Output Compare Pin (IC4/OC5) ......................................7-6
7.5.3 Output Compare Pins (OC[1:4]) .............................................................7-6
7.5.4 Pulse Accumulator Input Pin (PAI) .........................................................7-7
7.5.5 Pulse-Width Modulation (PWMA, PWMB) ..............................................7-7
7.5.6 Auxiliary Timer Clock Input (PCLK) ........................................................7-7
7.6 General-Purpose I/O ......................................................................................7-7
7.7 Prescaler ........................................................................................................7-8
7.8 Capture/Compare Unit ...................................................................................7-9
7.8.1 Timer Counter ......................................................................................7-11
7.8.2 Input Capture Functions .......................................................................7-11
7.8.3 Output Compare Functions ..................................................................7-12
7.8.3.1 Output Compare 1 ........................................................................ 7-13
7.8.3.2 Forced Output Compare .............................................................. 7-13
7.9 Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 ..............................................................7-13
7.10 Pulse Accumulator .......................................................................................7-14
7.11 Pulse-Width Modulation Unit ........................................................................7-15
7.11.1 PWM Counter .......................................................................................7-16
7.11.2 PWM Function ......................................................................................7-17
APPENDIX A ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
APPENDIX B MECHANICAL DATA AND ORDERING INFORMATION
APPENDIX CDEVELOPMENT SUPPORT
C.1 M68MMDS1632 Modular Development System ...................................... C-1
C.2 M68MEVB1632 Modular Evaluation Board .............................................. C-2
APPENDIX D REGISTER SUMMARY
D.1 Central Processing Unit ............................................................................ D-1
D.1.1 CPU32 Register Model ..................................................................... D-2
D.1.2 — Status Register ............................................................................ D-3
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D.2 General-Purpose Timer ............................................................................ D-4
D.2.1 GPTMCR — GPT Module Configuration Register............................ D-4
D.2.2 GPTMTR — GPT Module Test Register (Reserved)........................ D-5
D.2.3 ICR — GPT Interrupt Configuration Register.................................... D-5
D.2.4 DDRGP — Port GP Data Direction Register.....................................D-6
D.2.5 OC1M— OC1 Action Mask Register................................................. D-6
D.2.6 TCNT — Timer Counter Register .....................................................D-6
D.2.7 PACTL — Pulse Accumulator Control Register................................ D-7
D.2.8 TIC[1:3] — Input Capture Registers 1–3 .......................................... D-8
D.2.9 TOC[1:4] — Output Compare Registers 1–4 ...................................D-8
D.2.10 TI4/O5 — Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Register.................... D-8
D.2.11 TCTL1/TCTL2 — Timer Control Registers 1 and 2...........................D-8
D.2.12 TMSK1/TMSK2 — Timer Interrupt Mask Registers 1 and 2 .............D-9
D.2.13 TFLG1/TFLG2 — Timer Interrupt Flag Registers 1 and 2.............. D-10
D.2.14 CFORC — Compare Force Register............................................... D-10
D.2.15 PWMA/PWMB — PWM Registers A/B ........................................... D-12
D.2.16 PWMCNT — PWM Count Register ...............................................D-12
D.2.17 PWMBUFA — PWM Buffer Register A .......................................... D-12
D.2.18 PRESCL — GPT Prescaler ............................................................D-12
D.3 System Integration Module ..................................................................... D-13
D.3.1 SIMCR — Module Configuration Register ...................................... D-14
D.3.2 SIMTR — System Integration Test Register................................... D-15
D.3.3 SYNCR — Clock Synthesizer Control Register .............................D-15
D.3.4 RSR — Reset Status Register ....................................................... D-16
D.3.5 SIMTRE — System Integration Test Register (ECLK).................... D-17
D.3.6 PORTE0/PORTE1 — Port E Data Register.................................... D-17
D.3.7 DDRE — Port E Data Direction Register ........................................D-17
D.3.8 PEPAR — Port E Pin Assignment Register.................................... D-17
D.3.9 PORTF0/PORTF1 — Port F Data Register..................................... D-18
D.3.10 DDRF — Port F Data Direction Register.........................................D-18
D.3.11 PFPAR — Port F Pin Assignment Register..................................... D-18
D.3.12 SYPCR — System Protection Control Register.............................. D-19
D.3.13 PICR — Periodic Interrupt Control Register....................................D-20
D.3.14 PITR — Periodic Interrupt Timer Register ...................................... D-20
D.3.15 SWSR — Software Service Register ..............................................D-21
D.3.16 TSTMSRA — Master Shift Register A............................................. D-21
D.3.17 TSTMSRB — Master Shift Register B............................................. D-21
D.3.18 TSTSC — Test Module Shift Count ................................................D-21
D.3.19 TSTRC — Test Module Repetition Count....................................... D-21
D.3.20 CREG — Test Submodule Control Register .................................. D-21
D.3.21 DREG — Distributed Register.........................................................D-21
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D.3.22 PORTC — Port C Data Register..................................................... D-21
D.3.23 CSPAR0 — Chip Select Pin Assignment Register 0....................... D-21
D.3.24 CSPAR1 — Chip Select Pin Assignment Register 1....................... D-22
D.3.25 CSBARBT — Chip Select Base Address Register Boot ROM .......D-23
D.3.26 CSORBT — Chip Select Option Register Boot ROM...................... D-23
D.4 Queued Serial Module ............................................................................ D-25
D.4.1 QSMCR — QSM Configuration Register ........................................D-25
D.4.2 QTEST — QSM Test Register........................................................ D-26
D.4.3 QILR — QSM Interrupt Level Register............................................D-26
D.4.4 SCCR0 — SCI Control Register 0 .................................................. D-27
D.4.5 SCCR1 — SCI Control Register 1................................................... D-27
D.4.6 SCSR — SCI Status Register......................................................... D-29
D.4.7 SCDR — SCI Data Register............................................................ D-30
D.4.8 PORTQS — Port QS Data Register ...............................................D-30
D.4.9 PQSPAR — PORT QS Pin Assignment Register........................... D-30
D.4.10 SPCR0 — QSPI Control Register 0................................................ D-32
D.4.11 SPCR1 — QSPI Control Register 1 ............................................... D-33
D.4.12 SPCR2 — QSPI Control Register 2 ............................................... D-34
D.4.13 SPCR3 — QSPI Control Register 3 ............................................... D-34
D.4.14 RR[0:F] — Receive Data RAM........................................................D-35
D.4.15 TR[0:F] — Transmit Data RAM ...................................................... D-35
D.4.16 CR[0:F] — Command RAM.............................................................D-36
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Figure Title Page
3-1 MCU Block Diagram........................................................................................ 3-3
3-2 Pin Assignments for 132-Pin Package............................................................ 3-4
3-3 Pin Assignments for 144-Pin Package............................................................ 3-5
3-4 Internal Register Memory Map...................................................................... 3-11
3-5 Overall Memory Map..................................................................................... 3-12
3-6 Separate Supervisor and User Space Map................................................... 3-13
3-7 Supervisor Space (Separate Program/Data Space) Map............................. 3-14
3-8 User Space (Separate Program/Data Space) Map....................................... 3-15
4-1 System Integration Module Block Diagram.....................................................4-2
4-2 System Configuration and Protection.............................................................. 4-3
4-3 Periodic Interrupt Timer and Software Watchdog Timer.................................4-7
4-4 System Clock Block Diagram.......................................................................... 4-9
4-5 System Clock Oscillator Circuit.....................................................................4-10
4-6 System Clock Filter Networks....................................................................... 4-11
4-7 MCU Basic System....................................................................................... 4-17
4-8 Operand Byte Order...................................................................................... 4-21
4-9 Word Read Cycle Flowchart..........................................................................4-24
4-10 Write Cycle Flowchart................................................................................... 4-25
4-11 CPU Space Address Encoding..................................................................... 4-27
4-12 Breakpoint Operation Flowchart.................................................................... 4-29
4-13 LPSTOP Interrupt Mask Level.......................................................................4-30
4-14 Bus Arbitration Flowchart for Single Request................................................4-35
4-15 Data Bus Mode Select Conditioning..............................................................4-39
4-16 Power-On Reset............................................................................................ 4-44
4-17 Basic MCU System....................................................................................... 4-49
4-18 Chip-Select Circuit Block Diagram................................................................4-50
4-19 CPU Space Encoding for Interrupt Acknowledge..........................................4-55
5-1 CPU32 Block Diagram.................................................................................... 5-2
5-2 User Programming Model............................................................................... 5-3
5-3 Supervisor Programming Model Supplement..................................................5-3
5-4 Data Organization in Data Registers............................................................... 5-5
5-5 Address Organization in Address Registers....................................................5-5
5-6 Memory Operand Addressing......................................................................... 5-8
5-7 Common In-Circuit Emulator Diagram.......................................................... 5-18
5-8 Bus State Analyzer Configuration................................................................. 5-19
5-9 Debug Serial I/O Block Diagram................................................................... 5-23
5-10 BDM Serial Data Word.................................................................................. 5-24
5-11 BDM Connector Pinout..................................................................................5-24
5-12 Loop Mode Instruction Sequence..................................................................5-25
6-1 QSM Block Diagram........................................................................................ 6-1
6-2 QSPI Block Diagram....................................................................................... 6-6
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6-3 QSPI RAM....................................................................................................... 6-7
6-4 Flowchart of QSPI Initialization Operation.....................................................6-11
6-5 Flowchart of QSPI Master Operation (Part 1)............................................... 6-12
6-5 Flowchart of QSPI Master Operation (Part 2)............................................... 6-13
6-5 Flowchart of QSPI Master Operation (Part 3)............................................... 6-14
6-6 Flowchart of QSPI Slave Operation (Part 1)................................................. 6-15
6-6 Flowchart of QSPI Slave Operation (Part 2)................................................. 6-16
6-7 SCI Transmitter Block Diagram..................................................................... 6-23
6-8 SCI Receiver Block Diagram......................................................................... 6-24
7-1 GPT Block Diagram.........................................................................................7-2
7-2 Prescaler Block Diagram................................................................................. 7-9
7-3 Capture/Compare Unit Block Diagram.......................................................... 7-10
7-4 Input Capture Timing Example...................................................................... 7-12
7-5 Pulse Accumulator Block Diagram................................................................ 7-15
7-6 PWM Block Diagram.....................................................................................7-16
A-1 CLKOUT Output Timing Diagram..................................................................A-12
A-2 External Clock Input Timing Diagram............................................................A-12
A-3 ECLK Output Timing Diagram.......................................................................A-12
A-4 Read Cycle Timing Diagram .........................................................................A-13
A-5 Write Cycle Timing Diagram..........................................................................A-14
A-6 Fast Termination Read Cycle Timing Diagram .............................................A-15
A-7 Fast Termination Write Cycle Timing Diagram..............................................A-16
A-8 Bus Arbitration Timing Diagram — Active Bus Case ....................................A-17
A-9 Bus Arbitration Timing Diagram — Idle Bus Case ........................................A-18
A-10 Show Cycle Timing Diagram.........................................................................A-18
A-11 Chip Select Timing Diagram..........................................................................A-19
A-12 Reset and Mode Select Timing Diagram.......................................................A-19
A-13 Background Debugging Mode Timing Diagram—Serial Communication......A-21
A-14 Background Debugging Mode Timing Diagram —Freeze Assertion.............A-21
A-15 ECLK Timing Diagram...................................................................................A-23
A-16 QSPI Timing — Master, CPHA = 0 ...............................................................A-25
A-17 QSPI Timing — Master, CPHA = 1 ...............................................................A-25
A-18 QSPI Timing — Slave, CPHA = 0 .................................................................A-26
A-19 QSPI Timing — Slave, CPHA = 1 .................................................................A-26
B-1 132-Pin Plastic Surface Mount Package Pin Assignments.............................B-2
B-2 144-Pin Plastic Surface Mount Package Pin Assignments.............................B-3
D-1 User Programming Model...............................................................................D-2
D-2 Supervisor Programming Model Supplement..................................................D-2
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Table Title Page
3-1 MCU Driver Types .......................................................................................... 3-6
3-2 MCU Pin Characteristics ................................................................................3-6
3-3 MCU Power Connections ............................................................................... 3-7
3-4 Signal Characteristics .....................................................................................3-7
3-5 Signal Function ...............................................................................................3-8
3-6 SIM Reset Mode Selection ........................................................................... 3-16
3-7 Module Pin Functions ................................................................................... 3-17
4-1 Show Cycle Enable Bits .................................................................................4-4
4-2 Bus Monitor Period ......................................................................................... 4-5
4-3 MODCLK Pin and SWP Bit During Reset ...................................................... 4-6
4-4 Software Watchdog Ratio ...............................................................................4-6
4-5 MODCLK Pin and PTP Bit at Reset ...............................................................4-7
4-6 Periodic Interrupt Priority ................................................................................ 4-8
4-7 Clock Control Multipliers ...............................................................................4-12
4-8 System Frequencies from 32.768-kHz Reference ....................................... 4-14
4-9 Clock Control ................................................................................................ 4-16
4-10 Size Signal Encoding ................................................................................... 4-19
4-11 Address Space Encoding ............................................................................. 4-19
4-12 Effect of DSACK Signals .............................................................................. 4-20
4-13 Operand Transfer Cases .............................................................................. 4-22
4-14 DSACK, BERR, and HALT Assertion Results .............................................4-31
4-15 Reset Source Summary ...............................................................................4-37
4-16 Reset Mode Selection ..................................................................................4-38
4-17 Module Pin Functions ................................................................................... 4-41
4-18 SIM Pin Reset States ...................................................................................4-42
4-19 Chip-Select Pin Functions ............................................................................ 4-51
4-20 Pin Assignment Field Encoding ....................................................................4-51
4-21 Block Size Encoding .....................................................................................4-52
4-22 Option Register Function Summary .............................................................4-53
4-23 Chip Select Base and Option Register Reset Values .................................. 4-56
4-24 CSBOOT Base and Option Register Reset Values .....................................4-57
5-1 Instruction Set Summary .............................................................................. 5-11
5-2 Exception Vector Assignments .....................................................................5-16
5-3 BDM Source Summary .................................................................................5-19
5-4 Polling the BDM Entry Source ...................................................................... 5-20
5-5 Background Mode Command Summary ......................................................5-21
5-6 CPU Generated Message Encoding ............................................................ 5-24
6-1 QSM Pin Function ..........................................................................................6-4
6-2 QSPI Pin Function .......................................................................................... 6-9
6-3 BITS Encoding ............................................................................................. 6-18
6-4 SCI Pin Function .......................................................................................... 6-25
MC68331 MOTOROLA USER’S MANUAL xiii
LIST OF TABLES
(Continued)
Table Title Page
6-5 Serial Frame Formats ...................................................................................6-26
6-6 Effect of Parity Checking on Data Size .........................................................6-27
7-1 GPT Status Flags ............................................................................................7-4
7-2 GPT Interrupt Sources ....................................................................................7-5
7-3 PWM Frequency Ranges Using 16.78-MHz/20.97-MHz System Clocks ......7-17
A-1 Maximum Ratings ..........................................................................................A-1
A-2 Typical Ratings, 16.78 MHz Operation ..........................................................A-2
A-2 Typical Ratings, 20.97 MHz Operation .........................................................A-2
A-3 Thermal Characteristics .................................................................................A-3
A-4 16.78 MHz Clock Control Timing ...................................................................A-3
A-4 20.97 MHz Clock Control Timing ...................................................................A-4
A-5 16.78 MHz DC Characteristics .......................................................................A-5
A-5 20.97 MHz DC Characteristics .......................................................................A-6
A-6 16.78 MHz AC Timing .................................................................................... A-8
A-6 20.97 MHz AC Timing .................................................................................... A-9
A-7 Background Debugging Mode Timing ..........................................................A-20
A-8 16.78 MHz ECLK Bus Timing ......................................................................A-22
A-8 20.97 MHz ECLK Bus Timing ......................................................................A-22
A-9 QSPI Timing .................................................................................................A-24
B-1 MCU Ordering Information ............................................................................. B-4
B-2 Quantity Order Suffix ......................................................................................B-4
C-1 MC68331 Development Tools ........................................................................C-1
D-1 Module Address Map .....................................................................................D-1
D-2 GPT Address Map ..........................................................................................D-4
D-3 SIM Address Map .........................................................................................D-13
D-4 Port E Pin Assignments ...............................................................................D-18
D-5 Port F Pin Assignments ................................................................................D-19
D-6 Software Watchdog Ratio ............................................................................D-19
D-7 Bus Monitor Period .......................................................................................D-20
D-8 CSPAR0 Pin Assignments ...........................................................................D-22
D-9 CSPAR1 Pin Assignments ...........................................................................D-22
D-10 CSPAR0 and CSPAR1 Pin Assignment Field Encoding ..............................D-22
D-11 Block Size Encoding ....................................................................................D-23
D-12 Option Register Function Summary .............................................................D-24
D-13 QSM Address Map .......................................................................................D-25
D-14 PQSPAR Pin Assignments ..........................................................................D-31
D-15 Effect of DDRQS on PORTQS Pins .............................................................D-31
D-16 Effect of DDRQS on QSM Pin Function .......................................................D-32
D-17 MC68331 Module Address Map ...................................................................D-37
D-18 Register Bit and Field Mnemonics ...............................................................D-40
MOTOROLA MC68331 xiv USER’S MANUAL
SECTION 1INTRODUCTION
The MC68331, a highly-integrated 32-bit microcontroller, combines high-performance data manipulation capabilities with powerful peripheral subsystems. The MCU is built up from standard modules that interface through a common intermodule bus (IMB). Standardization facilitates rapid development of devices tailored for specific applica­tions.
The MCU incorporates a 32-bit CPU (CPU32), a system integration module (SIM), a general-purpose timer (GPT), and a queued serial module (QSM).
The MCU can either synthesize an internal clock signal from an external reference or use an external clock input directly. Operation with a 32.768-kHz reference frequency is standard. Because MCU operation is fully static, register and memory contents are not affected by a loss of clock.
High-density complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (HCMOS) architecture makes the basic power consumption of the MCU low. Power consumption can be min­imized by stopping the system clock. The CPU32 instruction set includes a low-power stop (LPSTOP) command that efficiently implements this capability.
Documentation for the Modular Microcontroller Family follows the modular construc­tion of the devices in the product line. Each microcontroller has a comprehensive us­er's manual that provides sufficient information for normal operation of the device. The user's manual is supplemented by module reference manuals that provide detailed in­formation about module operation and applications. Refer to Motorola publication
vanced Microcontroller Unit (AMCU) Literature
documentation.
(BR1116/D) for a complete listing of
Ad-
1
MC68331 USER’S MANUAL 1-1
INTRODUCTION
MOTOROLA
1
MOTOROLA 1-2 USER’S MANUAL
INTRODUCTION
MC68331
+
/
>
<
=
:
±
SECTION 2NOMENCLATURE
The following nomenclature is used throughout the manual. Nomenclature used only in certain sections, such as register bit mnemonics, is defined in those sections.
2.1 Symbols and Operators
— Addition — Subtraction or negation (two's complement) — Multiplication — Division — Greater — Less — Equal — Equal or greater — Equal or less — Not equal
• — AND
— Inclusive OR (OR) — Exclusive OR (EOR)
NOT
— Complementation — Concatenation — Transferred — Exchanged — Sign bit; also used to show tolerance
« — Sign extension
% — Binary value
$ — Hexadecimal value
2
MC68331 USER’S MANUAL 2-1
NOMENCLATURE
MOTOROLA
2
2.2 CPU32 Registers
A6–A0 — Address registers (index registers) A7 (SSP) — Supervisor Stack Pointer A7 (USP) — User Stack Pointer
CCR — Condition code register (user portion of SR)
D7–D0 — Data Registers (index registers)
DFC — Alternate function code register
PC — Program counter
SFC — Alternate function code register
SR — Status register
VBR — Vector base register
X — Extend indicator
N — Negative indicator
Z — Zero indicator
V — Two's complement overflow indicator
C — Carry/borrow indicator
MOTOROLA 2-2 USER’S MANUAL
NOMENCLATURE
MC68331
2.3 Pin and Signal Mnemonics
ADDR[23:0] — Address Bus
AS
— Address Strobe AVEC BERR
BGACK
BKPT
CLKOUT — System Clock
CS[10:0]
CSBOOT
DATA[15:0] — Data Bus
DSACK[1:0]
DSCLK — Development Serial Clock
DSO — Development Serial Output
EXTAL — External Crystal Oscillator Connection
FC[2:0] — Function Codes
FREEZE — Freeze
HALT
IC[4:1] — Input Capture
IFETCH
IPIPE
IRQ[7:1]
MISO — Master In Slave Out
MODCLK — Clock Mode Select
MOSI — Master Out Slave In
OC[5:1] — Output Compare
PC[6:0] — SIM I/O Port C
PCLK — Pulse Accumulator Clock
PCS[3:0] — Peripheral Chip Selects
PE[7:0] — SIM I/O Port E
PF[7:0] — SIM I/O Port F PGP[7:0] — GPT I/O Port PQS[7:0] — QSM I/O Port
PWMA, PWMB — Pulse Width Modulator Output
QUOT — Quotient Out
— Autovector — Bus Error
BG
— Bus Grant — Bus Grant Acknowledge — Breakpoint
BR
— Bus Request
— Chip Selects — Boot ROM Chip Select
DS
— Data Strobe — Data and Size Acknowledge
DSI — Development Serial Input
— Halt
— Instruction Fetch — Instruction Pipeline — Interrupt Request
PAI — Pulse Accumulator Input
2
MC68331 USER’S MANUAL 2-3
NOMENCLATURE
MOTOROLA
R/W — Read/Write
RESET
RMC
RXD — SCI Receive Data
SCK — QSPI Serial Clock
SIZ[1:0] — Size
TSC — Three-State Control TXD — SCI Transmit Data XFC — External Filter Capacitor
XTAL — External Crystal Oscillator Connection
— Reset — Read-Modify-Write Cycle
SS
— Slave Select
2
MOTOROLA 2-4 USER’S MANUAL
NOMENCLATURE
MC68331
2.4 Register Mnemonics
CFORC — GPT Compare Force Register
CREG — Test Control Register C
CR[0:F] — QSM Command RAM
CSBARBT — Chip-Select Base Address Register Boot ROM
CSBAR[0:10] — Chip-Select Base Address Registers [0:10]
CSORBT — Chip-Select Option Register Boot ROM CSOR[0:10] — Chip-Select Option Register [0:10] CSPAR[0:1] — Chip-Select Pin Assignment Registers [0:1]
DDRE — Port E Data Direction Register
DDRF — Port F Data Direction Register DDRGP — Port GP Data Direction Register DDRQS — Port QS Data Direction Register
DREG — SIM Test Module Distributed Register
GPTMCR — GPT Module Configuration Register
ICR — GPT Interrupt Configuration Register
OC1D — Output Compare 1 Action Data Register
OC1M — Output Compare 1 Action Mask Register
PACNT — Pulse Accumulator Counter
PACTL — Pulse Accumulator Control Register
PEPAR — Port E Pin Assignment Register
PFPAR — Port F Pin Assignment Register
PICR — Periodic Interrupt Control Register
PITR — Periodic Interrupt Timer Register PORTC — Port C Data Register PORTE — Port E Data Register
PORTF — Port F Data Register PORTGP — Port GP Data Register PORTQS — Port QS Data Register
PQSPAR — Port QS Pin Assignment Register
PRESCL — GPT Prescaler Register
PWMA — PWM Control Register A
PWMB — PWM Control Register B PWMBUFA — PWM Buffer Register A PWMBUFB — PWM Buffer Register B
PWMC — PWM Control Register C
PWMCNT — PWM Counter
QILR — QSM Interrupt Level Register
QIVR — QSM Interrupt Vector Register
QSMCR — QSM Configuration Register
2
MC68331 USER’S MANUAL 2-5
NOMENCLATURE
MOTOROLA
2
QTEST — QSM Test Register
RR[0:F] — QSM Receive Data RAM
RSR — Reset Status Register
SCCR[0:1] — SCI Control Registers [0:1]
SCDR — SCI Data Register
SCSR — SCI Status Register
SIMCR — SIM Module Configuration Register
SIMTR — System Integration Test Register
SIMTRE — System Integration Test Register (ECLK)
SPCR[0:3] — QSPI Control Registers [0:3]
SPSR — QSPI Status Register
SWSR — Software Watchdog Service Register SYNCR — Clock Synthesizer Control Register SYPCR — System Protection Control Register
TCNT — Timer Counter Register
TCTL[1:2] — Timer Control Registers [1:2]
TFLG[1:2] — Timer Interrupt Flag Registers [1:2]
TI4/O5 — Timer Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Register
TIC[1:3] — Timer Input Capture Registers [1:3]
TMSK[1:2] — Timer Interrupt Mask Register [1:2]
TOC[1:4] — Timer Output Compare Registers [1:4]
TR[0:F] — QSM Transmit Data RAM TSTMSRA — Test Module Master Shift Register A TSTMSRB — Test Module Master Shift Register B
TSTRC — Test Module Repetition Count Register
TSTSC — Test Module Shift Count Register
2.5 Conventions Logic level one is the voltage that corresponds to a Boolean true (1) state.
Logic level zero is the voltage that corresponds to a Boolean false (0) state. Set refers specifically to establishing logic level one on a bit or bits. Clear refers specifically to establishing logic level zero on a bit or bits. Asserted means that a signal is in active logic state. An active low signal changes
from logic level one to logic level zero when asserted, and an active high signal chang­es from logic level zero to logic level one.
Negated means that an asserted signal changes logic state. An active low signal changes from logic level zero to logic level one when negated, and an active high sig­nal changes from logic level one to logic level zero.
MOTOROLA 2-6 USER’S MANUAL
NOMENCLATURE
MC68331
A specific mnemonic within a range is referred to by mnemonic and number. A15 is bit 15 of accumulator A; ADDR7 is line 7 of the address bus; CSOR0 is chip-select op­tion register 0. A range of mnemonics is referred to by mnemonic and the numbers that define the range. AM[35:30] are bits 35 to 30 of accumulator M; CSOR[0:5] are the first six option registers.
Parentheses are used to indicate the content of a register or memory location, rather than the register or memory location itself. (A) is the content of accumulator A. (M : M + 1) is the content of the word at address M.
LSB means least significant bit or bits. MSB means most significant bit or bits. Refer- ences to low and high bytes are spelled out.
LSW means least significant word or words. MSW means most significant word or words.
ADDR is the address bus. ADDR[7:0] are the eight LSB of the address bus. DATA is the data bus. DATA[15:8] are the eight MSB of the data bus.
2
MC68331 NOMENCLATURE MOTOROLA USER’S MANUAL 2-7
2
MOTOROLA NOMENCLATURE MC68331 2-8 USER’S MANUAL
SECTION 3OVERVIEW
This section contains information about the entire modular microcontroller. It lists the features of each module, shows device functional divisions and pin assignments, sum­marizes signal and pin functions, discusses the intermodule bus, and provides system memory maps. Timing and electrical specifications for the entire microcontroller and for individual modules are provided in APPENDIX A ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIS- TICS. Comprehensive module register descriptions and memory maps are provided in APPENDIX D REGISTER SUMMARY.
3.1 MCU Features
The following paragraphs highlight capabilities of each of the microcontroller modules. Each module is discussed separately in a subsequent section of this user's manual.
3.1.1 System Integration Module (SIM)
• External Bus Support
• Programmable Chip-Select Outputs
• System Protection Logic
• Watchdog Timer, Clock Monitor, and Bus Monitor
• System Protection Logic
• PLL System Clock for Low Power Operation
• Background Debugging Mode
3
3.1.2 Central Processing Unit (CPU32)
• Instruction Set Supports Controller Applications
• 32-Bit Architecture
• Virtual Memory Implementation
• Loop Mode of Instruction Execution
• Table Lookup and Interpolate Instruction
• Improved Exception Handling for Controller Applications
• Trace on Change of Flow
• Hardware Breakpoint Signal, Background Mode
• Fully Static Operation
3.1.3 Queued Serial Module (QSM)
• Serial Communication Interface (SCI), Enhanced Universal Asynchronous Re­ceiver Transmitter (UART) with Modulus Baud Rate, Parity
• Queued Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), High Speed Bidirectional Interface, 80­Byte RAM, Up to 16 Automatic Transfers
• Dual Function I/O Ports
• Continuous Cycling, 8 to 16 Bits per Transfer
MC68331 OVERVIEW MOTOROLA USER’S MANUAL 3-1
3
3.1.4 General-Purpose Timer (GPT)
• Two 16-Bit Free-Running Counters With One Nine-Stage Prescaler
• Three Input Capture Channels
• Four Output Compare Channels
• One Input Capture/Output Compare Channel
• One Pulse Accumulator/Event Counter Input
• Two Pulse-Width Modulation Outputs
• Optional External Clock Input
3.2 System Block Diagram and Pin Assignment Diagrams
Figure 3-1 is a functional diagram of the MCU. Although diagram blocks represent the
relative size of the physical modules, there is not a one-to-one correspondence be­tween location and size of blocks in the diagram and location and size of integrated­circuit modules. Figure 3-2 shows the pin assignments of the 132-pin plastic surface­mount package. Figure 3-3 shows the pin assignments of the 144-pin plastic surface­mount package. Refer to APPENDIX B MECHANICAL DATA AND ORDERING IN- FORMATION for package dimensions. All pin functions and signal names are shown in this drawing. Refer to subsequent paragraphs in this section for pin and signal de­scriptions.
MOTOROLA OVERVIEW MC68331 3-2 USER’S MANUAL
PWMA PWMA PWMB
PCLK
PAI
PGP7/IC4/OC5/OC1
PGP6/OC4/OC1 PGP5/OC3/OC1 PGP4/OC2/OC1
PGP3/OC1
PGP2/IC3 PGP1/IC2
PGP0/IC1
RXD
PQS7/TXD PQS6/PCS3 PQS5/PCS2
PQS4/PCS1
PQS3/PCS0/SS PCS0/SS
PQS2/SCK
PQS1/MOSI PQS0/MISO
PORT GP
CONTROL
PORT QS
CONTROL
PWMB
PCLK PAI
PGP7/IC4/OC5/OC1 PGP6/OC4/OC1 PGP5/OC3/OC1 PGP4/OC2/OC1 PGP3/OC1 PGP2/IC3 PGP1/IC2 PGP0/IC1
TXD PCS3 PCS2 PCS1
SCK MOSI MISO
QSM
GPT
IMB
CPU32
CHIP
SELECTS
BR
BG
BGACK
[10:0]
CS
FC2 FC1 FC0
ADDR[23:0]
SIZ1 PE7/SIZ1 SIZ0 PE6/SIZ0
EBI
DS PE5/DS AS
RMC
AVEC PE2/AVEC DSACK1 PE1/DSACK1 DSACK0 PE0/DSACK0
IRQ[7:1]
MODCLK
CONTROL
ADDR[23:19]
CONTROL
CONTROL
PORT E
PORT F PORT C
CSBOOT ADDR23/CS10 PC6/ADDR22/CS9 PC5/ADDR21/CS8 PC4/ADDR20/CS7 PC3/ADDR19/CS6 PC2/FC2/CS5 PC1/FC1/CS4 PC0/FC0/CS3 BGACK/CS2 BG/CS1 BR/CS0
ADDR[18:0]
PE4/AS PE3/RMC
DATA[15:0]DATA[15:0]
R/W RESET HALT BERR PF7/IRQ7 PF6/IRQ6 PF5/IRQ5 PF4/IRQ4 PF3/IRQ3 PF2/IRQ2 PF1/IRQ1 PF0/MODCLK
3
BKPT/DSCLK
IFETCH
/DSI
IPIPE/DSO
CONTROL
IFETCH
BKPT
IPIPE
DSI
DSO
FREEZE
DSCLK
CLOCK
TSC
TEST
QUOT
CONTROL
CLKOUT XTAL EXTAL
TSC
FREEZE/QUOT
Figure 3-1 MCU Block Diagram
MC68331 OVERVIEW MOTOROLA USER’S MANUAL 3-3
331 BLOCK
SS
NC
PGP0/IC1
PGP1/IC2
PGP2/IC3
PGP3/OC1
PGP4/OC2/OC1
V
PGP5/OC3/OC1NCPGP6/OC4/OC1
VSSV
DD
PGP7/IC4/OC5/OC1
PAI
NC
VSSV
DD
NC
NC
PWMA
PWMB
PCLK
V
SS
V
PC4/ADDR20/CS7
PC5/ADDR21/CS8
PC6/ADDR22/CS9
ADDR23/CS10
PC2/FC2/CS5
PC3/ADDR19/CS6
DD
SS
V
PC0/FC0/CS3
PC1/FC1/CS4
3
V
DD
NC
ADDR1
ADDR2 ADDR3
ADDR4 ADDR5
ADDR6 ADDR7
ADDR8
V
DD
V
SS
ADDR9
ADDR10 ADDR11
ADDR12
V
SS
ADDR13 ADDR14
ADDR15 ADDR16
V
DD
V
SS
ADDR17 ADDR18
PQS0/MISO PQS1/MOSI
PQS2/SCK
PQS3/PCS0/SS
PQS4/PCS1 PQS5/PCS2
PQS6/PCS3
V
DD
17
16151413121110 18 19 20 21
22 23
24 25
26 27
28 29
30 31
32 33
34 35
36 37
38 39
40 41
42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51
52535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879808182
9876543
2
1
MC68331
132
131
130
129
128
127
126
125
124
123
122
121
120
119
118
117
116 115 114 113 112 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 100
83
99 98
97 96
95 94
93 92
91 90
89 88
87 86
85 84
V
DD
BGACK/CS2 BG/CS1
BR/CS0 CSBOOT
DATA0 DATA1
DATA2 DATA3
V
DD
V
SS
DATA4 DATA5
DATA6 DATA7
V
SS
DATA8 DATA9 DATA10 DATA11 V
DD
V
SS
DATA12 DATA13
DATA14 DATA15
ADDR0 PE0/DSACK0
PE1/DSACK1 PE2/AVEC
PE3/RMC PE5/DS V
DD
V
SS
RXD
IPIPE/DSO
PQS7/TXD
IFETCH/DSI
TSC
BKPT/DSCLK
SS
V
XTAL
DDSYN
V
FREEZE/QUOT
XFC
VDDVDDV
EXTAL
SS
CLKOUT
HALT
RESET
BERR
PF7/IRQ7
PF5/IRQ5
PF6/IRQ6
PF3/IRQ3
PF4/IRQ4
PF1/IRQ1
PF2/IRQ2
PF0/MODCLK
R/W
PE7/SIZ1
PE4/AS
PE6/SIZ0
SS
V
331 132-PIN QFP
Figure 3-2 Pin Assignments for 132-Pin Package
MOTOROLA OVERVIEW MC68331 3-4 USER’S MANUAL
V
DD
BGACK/CS2
BG/CS1
BR/CS0
CSBOOT
DATA0
DATA1
DATA2
DATA3
DD
VSSV
DATA4
DATA5
DATA6
DATA7NCDATA8NCDATA9
SS
V
DD
DATA10NCDATA11
V
VSSDATA12
DATA13
DATA14
DATA15
ADDR0
PE0/DSACK0
PE1/DSACK1
PE2/AVEC
PE3/RMC
PE5/DS
V
DD
NC
V
SS
FC0/CS3 FC1/CS4
FC2/CS5 ADDR19/CS6 ADDR20/CS7 ADDR21/CS8 ADDR22/CS9
ADDR23/CS10
P7/IC4/OC5/OC1
PGP5/OC3/OC1 PGP4/OC2/OC1
V
DD
V
SS
PCLK PWMB PWMA
NC NC NC
V
DD
V
SS
NC
PAI
PGP6/OC4
V
DD
V
SS
NC
PGP3/OC1
PGP2/IC3 PGP1/IC2
PGP0/IC1
NC
V
SS
NC
143
144
142
141
140
139
138
137
136
135
134
133
132
131
130
129
128
127
126
125
124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
37
383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364
MC68331
123
122
121
120
119
118
117
116
115
114
113
65
68
6667697071
112
111
109
110
108 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 100
99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72
NC V
SS
PE4/AS PE6/SIZ0 PE7/SIZ1 R/W PF0/MODCLK PF1/IRQ1 PF2/IRQ2 PF3/IRQ3 PF4/IRQ4 PF5/IRQ5 PF6/IRQ6 PF7/IRQ7 BERR HALT RESET
V
SS
CLKOUT V
DD
NC XFC
V
DD
EXTAL V
DD
XTAL V
SS
FREEZE/QUOT TSC BKPT/DSCLK IFETCH/DSI IPIPE/DSO RXD PQS7/TXD
V
SS
NC
3
V
DD
NC
ADDR1
ADDR2
ADDR3
ADDR4
ADDR5
ADDR6
ADDR7
ADDR8
V
DD
SS
V
ADDR9
ADDR10
ADDR11
ADDR12
NC
V
SS
NC
ADDR13
ADDR14
ADDR15NCADDR16
V
DD
V
SS
ADDR17
ADDR18
PQS2/SCK
PQS0/MISO
PQS1/MOSI
PQS3/PCS0/SS
DD
V
PQS4/PCS1
PQS5/PCS2
PQS6/PCS3
331 144-PIN QFP
Figure 3-3 Pin Assignments for 144-Pin Package
3.3 Pin Descriptions
The following tables are a summary of the functional characteristics of MCU pins. Ta­ble 3-1 shows types of output drivers. Table 3-2 shows all inputs and outputs. Digital
inputs and outputs use CMOS logic levels. An entry in the Discrete I/O column indi­cates that a pin can also be used for general-purpose input, output, or both. The I/O port designation is given when it applies. Table 3-3 shows characteristics of power pins. Refer to Figure 3-1 for port organization.
MC68331 OVERVIEW MOTOROLA USER’S MANUAL 3-5
Table 3-1 MCU Driver Types
Type I/O Description
A O Output-only signals that are always driven; no external pull-up required
Aw O Type A output with weak P-channel pull-up during reset
B O Three-state output that includes circuitry to pull up output before high impedance is
Bo O Type B output that can be operated in an open-drain mode
established, to ensure rapid rise time. An external holding resistor is required to maintain logic level while the pin is in the high-impedance state.
Table 3-2 MCU Pin Characteristics
3
Pin
Mnemonic
ADDR23/CS10
ADDR[22:19]/CS[9:6]
ADDR[18:0] A Y N
BG
BGA
BKPT
BR
CLKOUT A
CSBOO
DATA[15:0]1 Aw Y N
DSA
DSA
DSI/IFETCH
DSO/IPIPE
EXTAL2 Special
FC[2:0]/CS[5:3]
FREEZE/QUOT A
IC4/OC5 A Y Y I/O GP4
IC[3:1] A Y Y I/O GP[7:5]
IRQ[7:1]
MODCLK
OC[4:1] A Y Y I/O GP[3:0]
PCLK
PCSO
PCS[3:1]
PWMA, PWMB A O
RESET
/ECLK A Y N O
AS
A
VEC B Y N I/O PE2
BERR
/CS1 B
CK/CS2 B Y N
/DSCLK Y Y
/CS0 B Y N
T B
DS
CK1 B Y N I/O PE1
CK0 B Y N I/O PE0
HAL
T Bo Y N
B Y Y I/O PF[7:1]
MISO Bo Y Y I/O PQS0
1
MOSI Bo Y Y I/O PQS1
2
PAI
2
/SS Bo Y Y I/O PQS3
R/W
RMC
Output
Driver
A Y N O PC[6:3]
B Y N I/O PE5
B Y N
B Y N I/O PE4
A Y Y — A
A Y N O PC[2:0]
B Y N I/O PF0
Y Y I — — Y Y I
Bo Y Y I/O PQS[6:4]
A Y N
Bo Y Y
B Y N I/O PE3
Input
Synchronized
Input
Hysteresis
Discrete
I/O
Designation
Port
MOTOROLA OVERVIEW MC68331 3-6 USER’S MANUAL
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