Canopy™ 150/300 Mbps
Backhaul
User Guide
BH150/300-UG-en
Issue 1.1
April 2006
Notices
See the following information:
◦ important regulatory and legal notices in Section 18 on Page 167.
◦ personal safety guidelines in Section Preventing Overexposure to RF Energy on Page 17.
Motorola shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. The
contents of this User Guide are subject to change without notice.
Trademarks, Product Names, and Service Names
MOTOROLA, the stylized M Logo and all other trademarks indicated as such herein are trademarks
of Motorola, Inc.
product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved.
®
Reg. U.S. Pat & Tm. Office. Canopy is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. All other
http://www.motorola.com/canopy
Canopy 150 Mbps Backhaul
and
Canopy 300 Mbps Backhaul
Same Form Factor - 5.7GHz
Available in two versions:
Integrated Antenna & Connectorized
1
Connectorized antennas sold separately from radio.
See Section 14.7 for a complete list of single and dual pole flat panel (1’ – 2’) and parabolic antennas (2’ – 6’)
1
Antenna
General Notice
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Motorola could void the user’s authority to
operate the system.
The frequency band in which the system operates is ‘unlicensed’ and the system is allowed to be
used provided it does not cause interference. Further, it is not guaranteed protection against
interference from other products and installations.
2
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page
The system has basically been shown to comply with the limits for emitted spurious radiation for a
Class B digital device
regulations in other countries. These limits have been designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference
will not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the Outdoor Unit (ODU).
• Increase the separation between the equipment and ODU.
• Connect the equipment into a power outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
1
FP pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules in the USA as well as comparable
receiver is connected.
Deployment and Operation
The Radio Regulations of various countries constrain the operation of radio products generally. In
particular, at 5.8GHz, the local regulator may limit the amount of conducted or radiated transmitter
power; the frequency band used and may require registration of the radio link.
The power transmitted by the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul product is controlled by the use of Regionspecific License Keys.
The following examples show how the regulatory limits apply in some specific countries at the current
time. Operators should note that regulations are subject to change.
Contact your supplier/installer to ensure that the product has achieved Type Approval and is set to
the correct license key for your country/region and to ensure that you have fulfilled all local regulatory
requirements, especially if you are intending to use a link with external antennas. Footnotes to the
table below indicate countries where registration of the link is currently mandatory.
1
TP
PT Class B Digital Device, A digital device that is marketed for use in a residential environment notwithstanding use in
commercial, business and industrial environments.
2
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page
Examples of Regulatory Limits Power/Radiated Power/Region Setting
USA / Canada / Taiwan / Brazil Equipment can be operated in any mode, best results will be
obtained using Region 1 settings
3
UK
Under UK Regulations, operation of this product is only allowed
with a License Key for Region 4 (1W EIRP with Radar Detection)
4
Eire
Under Eire Regulations, operation of this product is only allowed
with a License Key for Region 6 (1W EIRP)
Australia Australian laws prohibit use/operation of this product except
where it is used with a License Key for Region 3 (4W EIRP)
Singapore Under Singapore Regulations, operation of this product is only
allowed with a License Key for Region 5 (100mW EIRP)
Hong Kong Under Hong Kong Regulations, operation of this product is only
allowed with a License Key for Region 3 (4W EIRP)
China Under Chinese Regulations, operation of this product is only
allowed with a License Key for Region 2 (2W EIRP)
_____________________________
3
UK Registration of Links – OfCom
Application form may be found at http://www.ofcom.org.uk/radiocomms/
4
Eire Registration of Links – Commission of Communication Regulation (ComReg)
Application form may be found at http://www.comreg.ie/5_8GHzRegPart1.asp?S=4&NavID=198&M=
General Notice Applicable to Europe
The equipment complies with the essential requirements for the EU R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC.
The use of 5.8GHz for Point to Point radio links is not harmonized across the EU and currently the
product may only be deployed in the UK and Eire (IRL).
However; the regulatory situation in Europe is changing and the radio spectrum may become
available in other countries in the near future.
3
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page
Disclaimer
The parameters quoted in this document must be specifically confirmed in writing before they become
applicable to any particular order or contract. The company reserves the right to make alterations or
amendments to the detail specification at its discretion. The publication of information in this
document does not imply freedom from patent or other rights of Motorola or others.
4
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page
Contents
1 ABOUT THIS USER GUIDE.................................................................................................14
1.1 Interpreting Typeface and Other Conventions ...................................................................... 14
1.2 Getting Additional Help .........................................................................................................16
1.3 Sending Feedback ................................................................................................................16
2 AVOIDING HAZARDS..........................................................................................................17
2.1 Preventing Overexposure to RF Energy ............................................................................... 17
2.1.1 Calculations for Separation Distances and Power Compliance Margins.............................. 17
3 Getting Started ....................................................................................................................19
3.1 For Your Safety ..................................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Product Description............................................................................................................... 20
3.2.1 The Outdoor Unit (ODU) ....................................................................................................... 22
3.2.2 The Canopy 150/300 PIDU ................................................................................................... 22
3.2.3 Redundancy and Alternate Powering Configurations ........................................................... 25
3.2.4 Remote LEDs and Recovery Switch..................................................................................... 26
3.2.5 Cables and Connectors......................................................................................................... 27
3.2.6 Surge Arrestor ....................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.7 Mounting Brackets................................................................................................................. 28
3.2.8 Configuration and Management............................................................................................ 28
4 Product Architecture ..........................................................................................................29
5 General Considerations .....................................................................................................31
5.1 Frequency Planning ..............................................................................................................31
5.2 Range.................................................................................................................................... 31
5.3 Networking Information .........................................................................................................31
5.4 Lightning Protection............................................................................................................... 31
5.5 Electrical Requirements ........................................................................................................32
6 Site Planning........................................................................................................................33
6.1 Site Selection Criteria............................................................................................................ 33
6.1.1 ODU Site Selection ............................................................................................................... 33
6.1.2 150/300 PIDU Site Selection................................................................................................. 33
6.1.3 Path Loss Considerations .....................................................................................................33
6.1.4 Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link loss .................................................... 35
7 Installation ...........................................................................................................................36
7.1 Preparation............................................................................................................................ 36
7.2 Installation Procedure ........................................................................................................... 36
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7.3
Tools Required ...................................................................................................................... 36
7.4 Installation Support................................................................................................................ 36
7.5 Legal Disclaimer.................................................................................................................... 36
7.6 Mounting the ODUs...............................................................................................................37
7.7 Connecting Up....................................................................................................................... 38
7.7.1 Preparing The 150/300 PIDU TO ODU Cable ...................................................................... 38
7.7.2 Making the Connections at the ODU..................................................................................... 40
7.7.3 Making the 150/300 PIDU Connection At The ODU............................................................. 41
7.7.4 Routing the Cable.................................................................................................................. 42
7.7.5 Fitting A Surge Arrestor......................................................................................................... 42
7.7.6 Grounding The Installation.................................................................................................... 42
7.7.7 Making the ODU Connection At The Canopy 150/300 PIDU ............................................... 42
7.7.8 Making the Network Connection At The Canopy 150/300 PIDU .......................................... 43
7.7.9 Mounting The Canopy 150/300 PIDU ................................................................................... 44
7.7.10 Powering Up.......................................................................................................................... 46
7.7.11 Aligning the ODUs................................................................................................................. 47
8 Web Page Reference........................................................................................................... 49
8.1 Home Page ...........................................................................................................................49
8.1.1 Home Page Alarm Display .................................................................................................... 50
8.2 Systems Status Page ............................................................................................................ 52
8.3 System Administration Pages ............................................................................................... 57
8.3.1 System Configuration............................................................................................................57
8.3.2 Statistics Page....................................................................................................................... 69
8.3.3 Detailed Counters Page ........................................................................................................ 72
8.3.4 Install Pages.......................................................................................................................... 74
8.3.5 Graphical Install..................................................................................................................... 84
8.3.6 Software Upgrade .................................................................................................................85
8.3.7 Spectrum Management......................................................................................................... 88
8.3.8 Spectrum Management (Fixed Frequency and WiMAX) ......................................................94
8.3.9 Spectrum Management Online Help..................................................................................... 95
8.3.10 Remote Management Page ................................................................................................ 100
8.3.11 Diagnostics.......................................................................................................................... 102
8.3.12 Diagnostics Download......................................................................................................... 104
8.3.13 Change System Administration Password.......................................................................... 105
8.3.14 License Key......................................................................................................................... 105
8.3.15 Properties ............................................................................................................................106
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8.3.16
Reboot................................................................................................................................. 108
9 Recovery Mode..................................................................................................................109
9.1 Upgrade Software Image .................................................................................................... 110
9.2 Reset IP & Ethernet Configuration ...................................................................................... 113
9.3 Erase Configuration............................................................................................................. 114
9.4 Reboot................................................................................................................................. 116
10 Fault Finding......................................................................................................................117
10.1 Hardware............................................................................................................................. 117
10.1.1 Power .................................................................................................................................. 117
10.1.2 Ethernet............................................................................................................................... 118
10.2 Radio ...................................................................................................................................120
10.2.1 No Activity ...........................................................................................................................120
10.2.2 Some Activity....................................................................................................................... 120
11 Specifications....................................................................................................................121
11.1 System Specifications ......................................................................................................... 121
11.2 Safety Compliance .............................................................................................................. 125
11.3 EMC Emissions Compliance............................................................................................... 126
11.4 EMC Immunity Compliance................................................................................................. 126
11.5 Radio Certifications ............................................................................................................. 126
11.6 Environmental Specifications .............................................................................................. 127
11.7 System Connections ...........................................................................................................128
11.7.1 Canopy 150/300 PIDU to ODU and ODU to Network Equipment Connections .................128
12 Lightning Protection.........................................................................................................129
12.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 129
12.1.1 Lightning Protection Zones ................................................................................................. 129
12.2 Detailed Installation............................................................................................................. 130
13 Wind Loading.....................................................................................................................136
13.1 General................................................................................................................................ 136
13.2 Calculation of Lateral Force ................................................................................................ 136
13.3 Canopy 150/300 Mb BH Capabilities .................................................................................. 137
13.4 Wind Speed Statistics ......................................................................................................... 137
14 Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul-C..................................................................................138
14.1 Scope .................................................................................................................................. 138
14.2 Product Description............................................................................................................. 138
14.2.1 Hardware............................................................................................................................. 138
14.2.2 Antenna Choices................................................................................................................. 138
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7
14.3
Software/Features ............................................................................................................... 139
14.3.1 Status Page......................................................................................................................... 139
14.3.2 Configuration Pages............................................................................................................ 139
14.3.3 Installation Pages ................................................................................................................ 140
14.4 Deployment Considerations ................................................................................................ 142
14.5 Link Budget .........................................................................................................................142
14.6 Regulatory Issues................................................................................................................ 142
14.6.1 Antenna Choice................................................................................................................... 144
14.6.2 Cable Losses....................................................................................................................... 144
14.7 Antennas for USA / Canada................................................................................................ 145
14.8 Installation ........................................................................................................................... 146
14.8.1 Antenna Choice................................................................................................................... 146
14.8.2 Cables and Connectors....................................................................................................... 146
14.8.3 Tools.................................................................................................................................... 146
14.8.4 Miscellaneous supplies .......................................................................................................146
14.8.5 Mounting the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH-C unit ..................................................................... 146
14.8.6 Mounting the Antennas ....................................................................................................... 147
14.8.7 Alignment Process ..............................................................................................................147
14.8.8 Aligning Dual Polar Antennas ............................................................................................. 147
14.8.9 Aligning Separate Antennas................................................................................................ 147
14.8.10 Completing the Installation.................................................................................................. 148
14.8.11 Antenna Cable Fixing.......................................................................................................... 148
14.8.12 Antenna Connection Weatherproofing ................................................................................ 148
15 FAQs...................................................................................................................................150
16 E1/T1 Installation Guide ...................................................................................................152
16.1 Preparing the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH E1/T1 Cable .......................................................... 152
16.2 Making the Connection at the ODU ....................................................................................153
16.3 Routing the Cable................................................................................................................ 155
16.4 Fitting a Surge Arrestor .......................................................................................................155
16.5 Customer Cable Termination .............................................................................................. 155
16.6 Lightning Protection............................................................................................................. 157
16.7 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 157
16.8 Recommended Additional Components for E1/T1 Installation ........................................... 157
16.9 Surge Arrestor Wiring.......................................................................................................... 159
17 Data Rate Calculations .....................................................................................................162
18 Legal and Regulatory Notices..........................................................................................167
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18.1
Important Note on Modifications ......................................................................................... 167
18.2 National and Regional Regulatory Notices .........................................................................167
18.2.1 U.S. Federal Communication Commission (FCC) and Industry Canada (IC) Notification..167
18.2.2 European Union Notification ............................................................................................... 168
18.2.3 UK Notification..................................................................................................................... 168
18.3 Exposure ............................................................................................................................. 168
18.4 Legal Notices....................................................................................................................... 169
18.4.1 Software License Terms and Conditions ............................................................................169
18.4.2 Hardware Warranty in U.S. ................................................................................................. 171
18.4.3 Limit of Liability.................................................................................................................... 171
19 Additional Resources .......................................................................................................172
20 Glossary............................................................................................................................. 173
List of Figures
Figure 1: Typical Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Deployment 20
Figure 2: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH Integrated (ODU) 22
Figure 3: Canopy 150/300 PIDU – ODU Port 22
Figure 4: Canopy 150/300 PIDU - Recovery Switch Location 23
Figure 5: Canopy 150/300 PIDU - Power Input 24
Figure 6: Canopy 150/300 PIDU to ODU Cable Length Graph 25
Figure 7: 150/300 PIDU - External DC Supply Only 25
Figure 8: 150/300 PIDU - External DC Supply and AC Supply 26
Figure 9: 150/300 PIDU - External DC Supply & Redundant AC Supply 26
Figure 10: 150/300 PIDU - Remote LED and Recovery Switch Wiring 27
Figure 11: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH Layer Diagram 29
Figure 12: Integral Safety Loop 38
Figure 13: Completed ODU connector 39
Figure 14: RJ45 Pin Connection (T568B Color Coding) 40
Figure 15: 150/300 PIDU Connection 40
Figure 16: Disconnecting the ODU 42
Figure 17: Making the Network Connection at the 150/300 PIDU 43
Figure 18: 150/300 PIDU Drip Loop Configuration 45
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Figure 19: 150/300 Mb BH Home Page 50
Figure 20: Alarm Warning Triangle 51
Figure 21: Status Page 53
Figure 22: System Administration Login Page 57
Figure 23: System Configuration Page 58
Figure 24: LAN Configuration Page 60
Figure 25: Configuration Reboot Page 61
Figure 26: Configuration Reboot Page - Ethernet Auto Negotiation Disabled 62
Figure 27: VLAN Configuration Fields 63
Figure 28: LAN Configuration Page - Manual Ethernet Configuration 64
Figure 29: Save and Restore Configuration Page 65
Figure 30: Save File Pop-up 65
Figure 31: Example Configuration File 66
Figure 32: Reset Configuration and Reboot Confirmation Pop-up 66
Figure 33: Telecoms Interface 67
Figure 34: System Statistics 69
Figure 35: Detailed Counters Page 72
Figure 36: License Key Data Entry 76
Figure 37: Installation Wizard Internet Protocol Configuration 76
Figure 38: VLAN Warning 77
Figure 39: Telecoms Data Entry 78
Figure 40: Installation Wizard Wireless Configuration 79
Figure 41: Fixed Frequency Operation 81
Figure 42: WiMAX operation 81
Figure 43: Installation Wizard Confirm Configuration 82
Figure 44: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up 82
Figure 45: Disarm Installation 83
Figure 46: Optional Post Disarm Configuration 1 84
Figure 47: Installation Screen 84
Figure 48: Software Upgrade 85
Figure 49: Software Upgrade Image Check 86
Figure 50: Software Download Progress Indicator 87
Figure 51: Software Upgrade Complete 87
Figure 52: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up 88
Figure 53: Spectrum Management as seen from the Master 90
Figure 54: Spectrum Management as seen from the Slave 90
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page
10
Figure 55: Example Spectrum Management Graphic 92
Figure 56: Active Channel History Screen 93
Figure 57: Spectrum Management Time Series Plot 94
Figure 58: Spectrum Management Fixed Frequency Screen 95
Figure 59: Spectrum Management Help Page 96
Figure 60: Spectrum Management Help Page (Fixed Frequency) 97
Figure 61: Spectrum Management (UK) Master Screen 98
Figure 62: Spectrum Management (UK) Slave Screen 99
Figure 63: Remote Management 100
Figure 64: Diagnostic Plotter 103
Figure 65: Diagnostics Download 104
Figure 66: Password Change 105
Figure 67: Software License Key Data Entry 106
Figure 68: License Key Reboot Screen 106
Figure 69: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up 106
Figure 70: Properties 107
Figure 71: System Reboot 108
Figure 72: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up 108
Figure 73: Recovery Mode Warning Page 109
Figure 74: Recovery Options Page 110
Figure 75: Software Download Progress Indicator Page 111
Figure 76: Software Download Complete Page 111
Figure 77: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up 112
Figure 78: Confirm Reset to Factory Default Pop Up 113
Figure 79: IP and Ethernet Erased Successfully page 113
Figure 80: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up 114
Figure 81: Confirm Erase Configuration Pop Up 114
Figure 82: Erase Configuration Successful Page 115
Figure 83: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up 115
Figure 84: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up 116
Figure 85: Main System Connections 117
Figure 86: Cable Connection Diagram (T568B Color Coding) 128
Figure 87: ODU mounted in Zones A & B 130
Figure 88: Showing how the use of a Finial enables 130
Figure 89: Diagram of a Typical Mast Installation 131
Figure 90: Diagram of a Typical Wall Installation 132
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Figure 91: Upper Grounding Configuration 132
Figure 92: Lower Grounding Configuration 133
Figure 93: Surge Arrestor ALPU-ORT Connection Illustration 135
Figure 94: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH-C Outdoor Unit 138
Figure 95: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH-C Status Page 139
Figure 96: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH-C ‘System Configuration’ Page 140
Figure 97: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH-C ‘Installation Wizard’ Page 140
Figure 98: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH-C ‘Confirm Installation’ Page 141
Figure 99: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH-C ‘Disarm Installation’ Page 142
Figure 100: Forming a Drip Loop 148
Figure 101: Weatherproofing the Antenna Connections 149
Figure 102: BPSK 0.63 Single Payload 162
Figure 103: QPSK 0.63 Single Payload 162
Figure 104: QPSK 0.87 Single Payload 163
Figure 105: 16 QAM 0.63 Single Payload 163
Figure 106: 16 QAM 0.87 Single Payload 163
Figure 107: 64 QAM 0.75 Single Payload 164
Figure 108: 64 QAM 0.92 Single Payload 164
Figure 109: 256 QAM 0.81 Single Payload 164
Figure 110: 16 QAM 0.63 Dual Payload 165
Figure 111: 16 QAM 0.87 Dual Payload 165
Figure 112: 64 QAM 0.75 Dual Payload 165
Figure 113: 64 QAM 0.92 Dual Payload 166
Figure 114: 256 QAM 0.81 Dual Payload 166
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page
12
List of Tables
Table 1: Font types 14
Table 2: Admonition types 15
Table 3: Exposure separation distances 17
Table 4: Power Compliance Margins 18
Table 5: 300 Mb BH - Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link loss 35
Table 6: Audio indications from the ODU 47
Table 7: 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Factory Configuration Values 75
Table 8: Spectrum Management change state key 93
Table 9: Spectrum Management Time Series Key 94
Table 10: Spectrum Management (UK) change state key 99
Table 11: Receive Sensitivity and System Gains 122
Table 12: Protection Requirements 131
Table 13: Surge Arrestor ALPU-ORT Cable 1 Termination 134
Table 14: Surge Arrestor ALPU-ORT Cable 2 Termination 134
Table 15: Lateral Force – Imperial 136
Table 16: Lateral Force – Metric 136
Table 17: Cable Losses per Length 144
Table 18: Allowed Antennas for Deployment in USA/Canada 146
Table 19: Protection Requirements 157
Table 20: US FCC IDs and Industry Canada certification numbers 167
List of Equations
Equation 1: Path Loss 34
Equation 2: Link Loss 55
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page
13
1 ABOUT THIS USER GUIDE
This guide covers the installation, commissioning, operation and fault finding of the Canopy
150/300 Mbps Backhaul.
1.1 Interpreting Typeface and Other Conventions
This document employs distinctive font to indicate the type of information, as described in
Table 1.
Table 1: Font types
Font Type of Information
variable width bold
constant width regular
constant width italic
constant width bold
constant width bold italic
Selectable option in a graphical user interface or settable
parameter in the web-based interface to a Canopy
component.
Literal system response in a command-line interface.
Variable system response in a command-line interface.
Literal user input in a command-line interface.
Variable user input in a command-line interface.
This document employs specific imperative terminology as follows:
• Type means press the following characters.
• Enter means type the following characters and then press Enter.
• Highlight means click anywhere in a row of data to highlight the entire row.
• Select means use the mouse to click on or branch to the menu item that follows.
Use this table and the Glossary to aid in interpreting the technical acronyms used throughout
this User Guide.
150/300 BH Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Radio
BH Backhaul
Mb Mbps
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
LoS Line-of-Sight (Clear Line-of-Sight and Fresnel zone is clear)
nLoS near-Line-of-Sight (Clear Line-of-Sight, but Fresnel zone is blocked)
NLoS Non-Line-of-Sight (No Line-of-Sight and Fresnel zone is blocked)
ODU Outdoor Unit (Integrated or Connectorized Radio)
PIDU Powered Indoor Unit
DFS Dynamic Frequency Selection
PoE Power over Ethernet
This document also employs a set of consistently used admonitions. Each type of admonition
has a general purpose that underlies the specific information in the box. These purposes are
indicated in Table 2.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 14
Table 2: Admonition types
Admonition
Label
General Message
NOTE:
informative content that may
◦ defy common or cursory logic.
◦ describe a peculiarity of the Canopy implementation.
◦ add a conditional caveat.
◦ provide a reference.
◦ explain the reason for a preceding statement or provide background
for what immediately follows.
RECOMMENDATION:
suggestion for an easier, quicker, or safer action or practice.
IMPORTANT:
informative content that may
◦ identify an indication that you should watch for.
◦ advise that your action can disturb something that you may not want
disturbed.
◦ reiterate something that you presumably know but should always
keep in mind.
CAUTION!
a notice that the risk of harm to equipment or service exists.
WARNING!
a notice that the risk of harm to person exists.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 15
1.2 Getting Additional Help
To get information or assistance as soon as possible for problems that you encounter, use
the following sequence of action:
1) Search this document, the user manuals that support the modules, and the software
release notes of supported releases
a. in the Table of Contents for the topic.
b. in the Adobe Reader
®
search capability for keywords that apply.2
2) Visit the Canopy systems website at http://www.motorola.com/canopy
3) Ask your Canopy products supplier to help.
4) Gather information such as
a. the IP addresses and MAC addresses of any affected Canopy modules.
b. the software releases that operate on these modules.
c. data from the Event Log page of the modules.
d. the configuration of software features on these modules.
5) Escalate the problem to Canopy systems Technical Support (or another Tier 3
technical support that has been designated for you) as follows. You may either
a. send e-mail to technical-support@canopywireless.com
b. call 1 888 605 2552 (or +1 217 824 9742).
For warranty assistance, contact your reseller or distributor for the process.
1.3 Sending Feedback
We welcome your feedback on Canopy system documentation. This includes feedback on
the structure, content, accuracy, or completeness of our documents, and any other comments
you have. Please send your comments to technical-documentation@canopywireless.com
.
.
.
2
Reader is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Incorporated.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 16
2 AVOIDING HAZARDS
2.1 Preventing Overexposure to RF Energy
Caution! To protect from overexposure to RF energy, install Canopy radios so as to provide
and maintain the minimum separation distances from all persons shown in Table 3.
When the system is operational, avoid standing directly in front of the antenna. Strong RF
fields are present when the transmitter is on. The Outdoor Unit (ODU) must not be deployed
in a location where it is possible for people to stand or walk inadvertently in front of the
antenna.
Table 3: Exposure separation distances
Canopy module Minimum separation distance from all persons
Antenna of 900-MHz AP or SM 60 cm 24 in
2.4-, 5.2-, 5.4-, or 5.7-GHz radio
with no reflector
2.4-, 5.2-, 5.4-, or 5.7-GHz radio
with a reflector
At these and greater separation distances, the power density from the RF field is below
generally accepted limits for the general population.
NOTE:
These are conservative distances that include compliance margins. In the case of
the reflector, the distance is even more conservative because the equation used
models the reflector as a point source and ignores its physical dimensions.
2.1.1 Calculations for Separation Distances and Power Compliance Margins
Limits and guidelines for RF exposure come from:
◦ US FCC limits for the general population. See the FCC web site at
http://www.fcc.gov
of the Code of Federal Regulations, as well as the guidelines and suggestions for
evaluating compliance in FCC OET Bulletin 65.
◦ Health Canada limits for the general population. See the Health Canada web site at
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/rpb
◦ ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) guidelines
for the general public. See the ICNIRP web site at http://www.icnirp.de/ and
Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying Electric, Magnetic, and
Electromagnetic Fields.
, and the policies, guidelines, and requirements in Part 1 of Title 47
and Safety Code 6.
20 cm 8 in
1.5 m 60 in (5 ft)
The applicable power density exposure limits from the documents referenced above are
◦ 6 W/m
◦ 10 W/m
Peak power density in the far field of a radio frequency point source is calculated as follows:
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 17
2
for RF energy in the 900-MHz frequency band in the US and Canada.
2
for RF energy in the 2.4-, 5.2-, 5.4-, and 5.7-GHz frequency bands.
2.1.1.1 Calculated Distances and Power Compliance Margins
Table 4 shows calculated minimum separation distances d, recommended distances and
resulting power compliance margins for each frequency band and antenna combination.
Table 4: Power Compliance Margins
Frequency
Band
Antenna
900 MHz external
internal
2.4 GHz
internal
+
reflector
internal
5.2 GHz
internal
+
reflector
internal
5.4 GHz
internal
+
reflector
internal
5.7 GHz
internal
+
reflector
Variable
P G S
0.4 W
(26 dBm)
0.34 W
(25 dBm)
0.34 W
(25 dBm)
0.2 W
(23 dBm)
0.0032 W
(5 dBm)
0.2 W
(23 dBm)
0.0032 W
(5 dBm)
0.2 W
(23 dBm)
0.2 W
(23 dBm)
10.0
(10 dB)
6.3
(8 dB)
79.4
(19 dB)
5.0
(7 dB)
316
(25 dB)
5.0
(7 dB)
316
(25 dB)
5.0
(7 dB)
316
(25 dB)
6 W/m
10 W/m
10 W/m
10 W/m20.09 m
10 W/m
10 W/m20.09 m
10 W/m
10 W/m
10 W/m
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
d1
0.23 m
0.13 m
0.46 m
0.09 m
0.09 m
0.09 m
0.71 m
Recommended
Distance
60 cm
(24 in)
20 cm
(8 in)
1.5 m
(5 ft)
20 cm
(8 in)
1.5 m
(5 ft)
20 cm
(8 in)
1.5 m
(5 ft)
20 cm
(8 in)
1.5 m
(5 ft)
Power
Compliance
Margin
7
23
10
5
280
5
280
5
4.5
1. NOTES:Calculated.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 18
3 Getting Started
3.1 For Your Safety
WARNING Use extreme care when installing antennas near power lines.
WARNING Use extreme care when working at heights.
WARNING The Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Outdoor unit (ODU) must be properly
grounded to protect against lightning. It is the user’s responsibility to install the
equipment in accordance with Section 810 of the National Electric Code,
ANSI/NFPA No.70-1984 or Section 54 of the Canadian Electrical Code. These
codes describe correct installation procedures for grounding the outdoor unit,
mast, lead-in wire and discharge unit, size of grounding conductors and
connection requirements for grounding electrodes. It is recommended that
installation of the outdoor unit be contracted to a professional installer.
WARNING The Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul ODU MUST be grounded to a Protective
Earth as described in Section 7.7.6 ”
Installation Manual and in accordance with the Local Electrical Regulations.
WARNING It is recommended that the supplied 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Power Indoor Plus
(150/300 Mbps Backhaul PIDU) is used to power the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul
ODU. The use of other power sources may invalidate safety approval and affect
your warrantee.
Grounding The Installation” of this
WARNING When using alternate DC supplies (via the Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul PIDU
DC in terminals as described in Section 3.2.3 “Redundancy and Alternate
Powering Configurations”), such as battery-backed DC power source, the supply
MUST comply with the following requirements:
• The voltage and polarity is correct and is applied to the correct terminals in
the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul PIDU
• The power source is rated as SELV
• The power source is rated to supply at least 1A continuously, and
• The power source cannot provide more than the Energy Hazard Limit as
defined by IEC/EN/UL6090, Clause 2.5, Limited Power (The Energy Hazard
Limit is 240VA)
CAUTION WHEN the system is operational, avoid standing directly in front of the antenna.
Strong RF fields are present when the transmitter is on. The Outdoor Unit must
not be deployed in a location where it is possible for people to stand or walk
inadvertently in front of the antenna.
CAUTION Users and installers should note that the mains power supply is the primary
disconnect device.
CAUTION SAFETY will be compromised if external quality cables are not used for
connections that will be exposed to the weather.
CAUTION Safety will be compromised if a different power supply is used than the one
supplied by Motorola as part of the system.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 19
3.2 Product Description
This User Manual is specifically written for the Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul platform and
the 58200 software load.
The Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul is a Point-to-Point wireless Ethernet bridge operating at
broadband data rates in the 5.8GHz license exempt band. The Canopy 150/300 Mbps
Backhaul is aimed at enterprises that have a requirement to connect together the Local Area
Network (LAN) of two or more buildings.
Figure 1 illustrates such a deployment.
Figure 1: Typical Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Deployment
The Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul offers true non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) operation by
using a combination of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) modulation and
Multi-Beam Space Time Coding (STC) techniques. These technologies enable the Canopy
150/300 Mbps Backhaul to drive through foliage and around buildings to such an extent that
almost universal coverage can be expected at short range.
The Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul consists of a pair of identical devices that are deployed
one at each end of the link. At install time the user sets up one unit as the Master and the
other as the Slave. Either unit can be configured as master or slave.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 20
Each end of the link consists of:
• An integrated outdoor transceiver unit containing all the radio and networking electronics
hereafter referred to as the Outdoor Unit (ODU).
• An indoor connection box containing a mains power supply, status indicators and network
connection port. Hereafter referred to as the Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Power
Indoor Unit Plus (Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul PIDU).
• A pair of units is normally supplied pre-configured as a link.
The network connection to an Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul unit is made via a 1000BaseT
Ethernet connection. Power is provided to the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul ODU over the
1000BaseT Ethernet connection using a patented non-standard powering technique.
Alternately, the network connection to a Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul unit can be made
using a 1000BaseSX Fibre Optic cable connected directly to the ODU. In this case power is
still provided over the 1000BaseT Ethernet connection. In the case of Fibre Optic cable failure
the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul will automatically fall back to the copper Ethernet connection
(provided the cable length <=100m). “150/300 Mbps Backhaul Optical Interface Upgrade Kits”
can be obtained from your distributor, reseller or system integrator.
Power is fed into the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH PIDU from the mains via a standard “figure of
eight” AC mains plug and/or -48V DC (cable size 2.5mm 2 stranded or 14 AWG stranded).
An external AC surge suppression device is recommended for use with the Canopy 150/300
Mbps Backhaul. For infrastructure installations, Canopy Engineering recommends an AC line
surge suppression unit that meets the standard IEC 801-5 (EN61000-4-5) Class 5 at +/- 6
Kvolts on AC power source Line-Ground and +/- 4 Kvolts on Line-Line.
Connection between the ODU and Canopy 150/300 PIDU is made using standard CAT5e
outdoor UV resistant cable. Connection between the Canopy 150/300 Mbps BH PIDU and the
Network Equipment is made using standard CAT5e cable.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 21
3.2.1 The Outdoor Unit (ODU)
The ODU (Figure 2) is a self-contained unit. It houses both radio and networking electronics.
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH ODU should only be deployed using the supplied Canopy
150/300 Mb BH PIDU.
Figure 2: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH Integrated (ODU)
3.2.2 The Canopy 150/300 PIDU
The 150/300 PIDU is used to generate the ODU supply voltage from the mains supply and
inject this supply voltage into the 1000BaseT Ethernet connection to the ODU. The 150/300
PIDU is connected to the ODU via a CAT5e cable using standard RJ45 wiring.
WARNING Care should be taken not to connect equipment other than a Canopy 150/300 Mb
BH ODU to a 150/300 PIDU ODU port as equipment damage may occur. The Canopy
150/300 PIDU is not compatible with 30/60 Mbps Backhaul PIDU.
Figure 3: Canopy 150/300 PIDU – ODU Port
The front panel contains indicators showing the status of the power and Ethernet
connections.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 22
The power indicator is illuminated when the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH PIDU is receiving mains
power.
The Ethernet indicator normally illuminates when the Ethernet link is working; Flashing when
there is Ethernet activity; the fact that it lights also indicates that the ODU is powered. At
power up the LED will flash 10 times to indicate that a correct start up sequence has
occurred. See Section 10 “
Fault Finding” for further fault finding information.
At the bottom of the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH PIDU is an entry point for the Canopy 150/300
Mb BH PIDU to ODU cable, the 1000BaseT Ethernet network port and the recovery switch.
Figure 4: Canopy 150/300 PIDU - Recovery Switch Location
The recovery switch is used to recover the unit from configuration errors or software image
corruption. To put a Canopy 150/300 Mb BH unit into recovery mode the recovery switch
should be depressed then the power applied. The recovery switch should be kept depressed
for between 10 to 20 seconds after the power has been applied. Full instruction on the
recovery mode can be found in section 9 “
Recovery Mode”.
A simple reboot can be performed by removing and re-applying the mains power to the
Canopy 150/300 PIDU.
On the left hand side of the 150/300 PIDU -48V DC input and output connections can be
found. These are used to power the 150/300 Mb BH from an external DC source or to provide
a level of power supply redundancy as shown in Section
Powering Configurations
”.
3.2.3 “Redundancy and Alternate
WARNING When using alternate DC supplies the supply MUST comply with the following
requirements:
• The voltage and polarity is correct and is applied to the correct terminals in the 150/300
PIDU
• The power source is rated as SELV
• The power source is rated to supply at least 1A continuously, and
• The power source cannot provide more than the Energy Hazard Limit as defined by
IEC/EN/UL6090, Clause 2.5, Limited Power (The Energy Hazard Limit is 240VA)
Also on the left hand side of the 150/300 PIDU connectors and jumpers can be found that
allow the remote connection of power LED, Ethernet LED and Recovery switch. The
connection instructions can be found in Section 3.3.4 “
Remote LEDs and Recovery Switch”
The input supply range for the 150/300 PIDU is 100V-240V AC, 47-63Hz. Mains connection
to the 150/300 PIDU is made using a standard “figure of eight” AC mains plug and/or -48 V
DC (cable size 2.5mm 2 stranded or 14 AWG stranded) lead as shown in Figure 5 .
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 23
Figure 5: Canopy 150/300 PIDU - Power Input
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 24
3.2.3 Redundancy and Alternate Powering Configurations
Note: The use of DC supplies of less than 55v will reduce the usable distance between
Canopy 150/300 PIDU and Canopy 150/300 Mb BH ODU see Figure 6 .
SPIDU to ODU Cable Length
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
Cable Length (m )
160
140
120
45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
DC Supply Voltage (V)
Figure 6: Canopy 150/300 PIDU to ODU Cable Length Graph
WARNING The maximum distance from the ODU to the connected network equipment is
100m when using 1000BaseT. Powering distances over 100m are only applicable when using
a 1000BaseSX (Fibre Optic) connection.
3.2.3.1 External DC Supply Only
For use where there is no AC mains supply.
DC Out
+
DC
Supply
DC In
+
To ODU
Power
To Network
Equipment
Figure 7: 150/300 PIDU - External DC Supply Only
3.2.3.2 External DC Supply and AC Supply
Ethernet
To give redundancy through the use of mains and DC supply.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 25
DC Out
+
Ethernet
DC
Supply
-
+
DC In
Power
AC Mains
To ODU
To Network
Equipment
Figure 8: 150/300 PIDU - External DC Supply and AC Supply
3.2.3.3 External DC Supply and Redundant AC Supply
To guard against mains failure, DC supply failure of the Canopy 150/300 PIDU failure.
DC Out
+
DC
Supply
DC In
+
DC Out
+
DC In
+
Power
Power
Ethernet
Ethernet
AC Mains
AC Mains
To ODU
To Network
Equipment
Figure 9: 150/300 PIDU - External DC Supply & Redundant AC Supply
3.2.4 Remote LEDs and Recovery Switch
The Canopy 150/300 PIDU provides a facility to connect remote LEDs and Recovery switch
allowing the 150/300 PIDU to be mounted inside an enclosure. At the left hand end of the
150/300 PIDU under the ODU connection cover can be found a PCB header and three
jumpers. Jumpers J906 and J907 should be removed and connection to the remote LEDs and
Recovery switch made to J908 as shown in Figure 10 .
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 26
J905
J908
J907
J906
Green Power LED
J908
J905
ODU
Connection
Figure 10: 150/300 PIDU - Remote LED and Recovery Switch Wiring
3.2.5 Cables and Connectors
The cable used to connect the 150/300 PIDU to the ODU can be any standard CAT5e type
provided that it is suitable for outdoor deployment. Motorola recommends that cables to the
specification below be used:
NEC/CEC: CMR (ETL) C (ETL) 75C SUN RES OIL RES II
Failure to use the recommended (or equivalent) standard of cable may invalidate the
system’s safety certification.
The cable used to connect the 150/300 PIDU to the users Network Equipment can be any
standard CAT5e Cable.
The 150/300 PIDU to ODU and 150/300 PIDU to Network Equipment cables may be
unscreened (UTP) or screened (STP). However, unscreened cables reduce the system’s
ability to cope with nearby lightning strikes. If lightning activity is common in the area of
deployment, the use of screened cable is highly recommended. See Section 12 “
Protection
”.
Recovery Switch
J907
J906
Yellow Ethernet LED
Remove links J906 and J907
Lightning
The 150/300 PIDU provides screen continuity between the ODU and Network Equipment
connections.
The ODU network connection implements automatic MDI/MDI-X sensing and pair swapping
allowing connection to another piece of networking equipment or directly to end user
equipment.
3.2.6 Surge Arrestor
The 150/300 PIDU does not provide lightning or surge suppression. Should lightning or surge
suppression be required a separate Ethernet surge suppressor should be used and
appropriately grounded. Suitable surge suppressors can be sourced from your Motorola
distributor or reseller. See Section 12 “
Lightning”.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 27
3.2.7 Mounting Brackets
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH is supplied with a mounting bracket suitable for mounting the
ODU to a pole of 25mm (1”) to 75mm (3”) in diameter. For more details on mounting, see
section 7 “
Installation”. The bracket allows for adjustment in both azimuth and elevation. The
bracket may be split allowing the pole mount section of the bracket to be mounted to the pole
first. This allows the installer to take the weight of the unit and secure it, one handed, with a
single mounting bolt.
The 150/300 PIDU can either be desk or wall mounted. The preference is wall mounted with
the cables dressed to a cable channel. Wall mounting is achieved by screwing through the
mounting lugs on either side of the unit. Remember to leave space for access to the recovery
button. See section
5.7.8.
3.2.8 Configuration and Management
Configuration and Management of the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH is implemented using an
inbuilt web server hosting a number of Configuration and Management web pages. This
approach allows Configuration and Management to be carried out on any standard web
browsing technology. The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH can also be managed remotely using the
SNMP management protocol. Connection to the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH is via the Ethernet
connection carrying the bridge network traffic. Connection to the unit is via a preset IP
address. This address can be changed via the Network Interface Configuration web page. A
full explanation of the available web pages and their use can be found in Section 8 “
Page Reference”.
Web
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 28
4 Product Architecture
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH consists of an identical pair of unit’s deployed one at each end
of the link. The radio link operates on a single frequency channel in each direction using Time
Division Duplex (TDD). One unit is deployed as a master and the other as a slave. The
master unit takes responsibility for controlling the link in both directions.
The non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) aspects of the product are provided by multi-beam space time
coding, coupled with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) modulation.
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH has been developed to operate within license exempt frequency
bands, for example the ETSI 5.8 GHz C band (5.725–5.850 GHz) and the USA 5 GHz ISM
band (5.725-5.850 GHz). The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH has been designed to coexist with
other users of the band in an optimal fashion using a combination of Transmit Power Control
(TPC), Spectrum Management functionality and Antenna beam shape.
In order to maintain link availability, the product employs adaptive modulation techniques that
dynamically reduce the data rate in severe or adverse conditions. To the data network the
Canopy 150/300 Mb BH is implemented as a learning bridge. A learning bridge builds up a
picture of which addresses are connected to which port. This means that it will not bridge a
packet if it knows that the destination address is connected to the same port on which the
bridge saw the packet Figure 11 illustrates the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH layer diagram.
Figure 11: Canopy 150/300 Mb BH Layer Diagram
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 29
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH functionality has been extended to encompass the specification
IEEE 802.1p. IEEE 802.1p uses Ethernet packets extended by 4 bytes, as specified in IEEE
802.1q for VLAN tagging, to prioritise packets over the wireless interface. The Canopy
150/300 Mb BH will forward all VLAN tagged packets regardless of the VLAN ID value.
Each unit in the link is manageable through an IP connection. Standard IP protocols are
utilized for all management functions e.g. HTTP, SNMP, etc. The unit can be configured to
use VLAN tags on the management interfaces.
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH is fully software upgradeable. New software images are first
download from the Motorola website http://www.motorola.com/canopy
to a convenient
computer. The image is then uploaded to the ODU via the web management page described
in section
8.3.5 “Software Upgrade”. The compressed image is first loaded into RAM and
check-summed. If the compressed image transfer has completed successfully the image is
decompressed and written to flash memory. On completion of this process the unit can be
rebooted to use the newly uploaded image. Should this process fail the unit will revert to a
protected compressed image installed during manufacturing to allow the unit to be recovered.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 30
5 General Considerations
5.1 Frequency Planning
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH operates over the frequency range 5.725 to 5.850 GHz (defined
as the USA ISM band and the ETSI 5 GHz C band), utilising a 30 MHz wide channel. Setting
of the operating frequency channel is automatic and is carried out by the built in Spectrum
Management (iDFS) functionality.
The user can configure the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH to avoid using certain frequencies thus
preventing interference with other users of the band and prevent operation in parts of the
band containing interference. The use of this functionality is described in detail in section
8.3.6 “Spectrum Management”.
5.2 Range
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH will operate at ranges from 100 m to 200 km, this within 3
modes. Operation of the system will depend on obstacles in the path between the units.
Operation at 40 km or above will require a near Line-of-Sight path. Operation at 100m could
be achieved with one unit totally obscured from the other unit, but with the penalty of
transmitting at higher power in a non-optimal direction, thereby increasing interference in the
band. This subject is covered in more detail in section 6.1.3 “Path Loss Considerations”.
5.3 Networking Information
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH operates as a transparent Ethernet bridge. Each unit requires
an IP address. This IP address is for management purposes only and it plays no part in the
operation of the system. IP addresses are assigned during initial configuration as described in
section
7.2 “Installation Procedure”.
5.4 Lightning Protection
The amount of lightning protection is dependent on regulatory requirements and the end user
requirements. The standard Canopy 150/300 Mb BH ODU is fitted with surge limiting circuits
and other features to minimize the risk of damage due to nearby lightning strikes. These
standard features may require some additional equipment to be configured as part of the
system installation to be fully effective. Motorola recommends the use of screened cable and
a surge arrestor to protect connected equipment from nearby strikes.
It is recommended to source a Transtector ALPU-ORT (www.transtector.com
protection surge arrestor for your local distributor in order to protect 150/300 Mb BH Radios
from lightning strikes. The idea of lightning protection is to protect structures, equipment and
people against lightning by conducting the lightning current to ground via a separate
preferential solid path and by reducing the electromagnetic field. A separate two-page
lightning protection Alert Note is included in the shipping box with every radio.
Two Transtector ALPU-ORT are required for each end of the link. Shown here are one
Transtector surge arrestor installed by the radio and another one installed by the grounding
stake.
) lightning
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 31
Transtector ALPU-OR
Installed by Radio
Note: The 150/300 Mbps Backhaul is not designed to survive direct lightning strikes. For this
reason the unit should not be installed as the highest point in a localized area, unless specific
precautions are taken. See section 12 “Lightning Protection”.
5.5 Electrical Requirements
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH is supplied with a variable input voltage (100-240V, 47-63Hz
AC) inline power supply unit which is incorporated into the Power Indoor Unit (150/300 PIDU).
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH requires one mains supply outlet at each end of the link.
An external AC surge suppression device is recommended for use with the Canopy 150/300
Mbps Backhaul. For infrastructure installations, Canopy Engineering recommends an AC line
surge suppression unit that meets the standard IEC 801-5 (EN61000-4-5) Class 5 at +/- 6
Kvolts on AC power source Line-Ground and +/- 4 Kvolts on Line-Line.
Transtector ALPU-ORT
Installed by Grounding Stake
Transtector ALPU-ORT
Internal View
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 32
<++
6 Site Planning
6.1 Site Selection Criteria
The following are guidelines for selecting the installation location of the Canopy 150/300 Mb
BH ODU and 150/300 PIDU.
6.1.1 ODU
Site Selection
When selecting a site for the ODU the following should be taken into consideration:
• That it is not possible for people to stand or walk inadvertently in front of the antenna.
• Height and location to achieve the best radio path
• Height in relation to other objects with regard to lightning strikes
• Protection from the weather
• Aesthetics and planning permission issues
• Distance from ODU and connected Network equipment (Maximum cable run ODU to
connected equipment is 100m)
• Distance from the 150/300 PIDU to the ODU (Maximum cable run 150/300 PIDU to ODU
is 100m when using the 1000BaseT interface)
6.1.2 150/300 PIDU
When selecting a site for the 150/300 PIDU the following should be taken into consideration:
• Availability of a mains electricity supply
• Accessibility for viewing status indicators and pressing reset switch (See section 3.3.2
“The Power Indoor Unit (150/300 Mbps Backhaul PIDU)” and section
• Distance from ODU and network equipment (Maximum cable run ODU to connected
equipment is 100m)
• Distance from the ODU to the 150/300 PIDU (Maximum cable run ODU to 150/300 PIDU
is 100m when using the 1000BaseT interface)
Site Selection
10 “Fault Finding”
6.1.3 Path Loss Considerations
The path loss is the amount of attenuation the radio signal undergoes between the two ends
of the link. The path loss is the sum of the attenuation of the path if there were no obstacles in
the way (Free Space Path Loss), the attenuation caused by obstacles (Excess Path Loss)
and a margin to allow for possible fading of the radio signal (Fade Margin).
+
_
LLLLL
capabilityseasonalfadeexcessspacefree
Where
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 33
L
excess
L
fade
L
seasonal
L
capability
spacefreeL_
Free Space Path Loss (dB)
Excess Path Loss (dB)
Fade Margin Required (dB)
Seasonal Fading (dB)
Equipment Capability (dB)
Equation 1: Path Loss
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 34
6.1.4 Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link loss
The equipment capability is given in Table 5. It gives the Ethernet throughput rate vs link loss
for Canopy 150/300 Mb BH in all modes. Adaptive modulation will ensure that the highest
throughput that can be achieved instantaneously will be obtained taking account of
propagation and interference. The calculation of
Equation needs to be performed to judge
whether a particular link can be installed. When the link has been installed web pages provide
information about the link loss currently measured by the equipment both instantaneously and
averaged. The averaged value will require maximum seasonal fading to be added and then
the radio reliability of the link can be computed.
Modulation Mode
/ Payload Type
Maximum
Aggregate
Threshold
Value
Output
Power
Maximum Link
Loss
Data Rate3
(dBm)
(dBm)
(dB)
(Mbit/s)
256QAM 0.81 dual 300.2 -59.1 +18 124.1
64QAM 0.92 dual 252.9 -62.0 +18 127.0
64QAM 0.75 dual 206.7 -68.1 +18 133.1
16QAM 0.87 dual 160.8 -71.0 +20 138.0
16QAM 0.63 dual 115.6 -75.2 +22 144.2
16QAM 0.63 single 57.8 -79.3 +22 148.3
QPSK 0.87 single 40.2 -81.6 +23 151.6
QPSK 0.63 single 28.9 -84.6 +24 155.6
BPSK 0.63 single 14.4 -88.1 +25 160.1
256QAM 0.81 150.1 -64.0 +18 129.0
64QAM 0.92 single 126.4 -65.9 +18 130.9
64QAM 0.75 single 103.3 -71.7 +18 136.7
16QAM 0.87 single 80.4 -74.8 +20 141.8
Table 5: 300 Mb BH - Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link loss
Divide the above Aggregate Ethernet rates in half to compute 150 Mb BH rates.
The full calculation is relatively complicated and thus Motorola have supplied a link estimator
that calculates the radio propagation and reliability of NLoS links using the Canopy 150/300
Mbps Backhaul equipment.
A more detailed discussion on data rates can be found in Section 17.
3
Aggregate data rate in 40:40 mode for a 1km link length
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 35
7 Installation
Motorola recommends that only qualified personnel undertake the installation of a Canopy
150/300 Mb BH system.
7.1 Preparation
Before proceeding with the installation you should:
• Check the contents of all packages against the parts lists shown in the packing list.
• Ensure that you have the correct tools for the job.
• Ensure that you are qualified to undertake the work.
• Ensure that you have taken the correct safety precautions.
• Have completed the site planning as described in section 6 “Site Planning”.
7.2 Installation Procedure
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH installation procedure consists of the following steps:
• Mounting the ODUs, section
• Connecting up, section
• Mounting the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul PIDUs, section 7.7.8
• Powering Up, section
• Aligning the ODUs, section 7.7.11.
7.7.
7.7.10
7.6
7.3 Tools Required
The following specific tools are required to install the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH in addition to
general tools:
• Two 13mm Spanners / Wrenches
• RJ45 Crimp Tool
• IBM Compatible Personal Computer (PC) running Windows 98 or later with 10 or
100baseT Ethernet (Ability to change IP settings easily is recommended)
• Either Internet Explorer version 6 or higher, or FireFox 1.0 or higher are recommended.
• 2 x short Ethernet patch cables
• 6mm general purpose crimp tool for the grounding lug (optional for lightning Protection)
7.4 Installation Support
Online installation support can be found at www.motorola.com/canopy .
A Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) section can be found in section 14.8.
7.5 Legal Disclaimer
IN NO EVENT SHALL MOTOROLA BE LIABLE FOR ANY INJURY TO ANY PERSONS OR
ANY DAMAGE CAUSED DURING THE INSTALLATION OF THE MOTOROLA Canopy
150/300 Mbps Backhaul PRODUCT.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 36
7.6 Mounting the ODUs
The ODU mounting bracket is designed to ease installation by fixing the bracket to a pole and
then bringing the ODU into position using a single bolt fixing. The ODU should be mounted
using the following steps ensuring that the cable entry is at the bottom.
The ODU mounting bracket is design to work with poles with diameters in the range 50mm
(2”) to 75mm (3”).
Step 1: Mount the bracket to the pole.
The enclosure and mounting brackets of the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH product range are
capable of withstanding wind speeds up to 151mph (242kph). The installer should ensure that
the structure the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH is fixed to is also capable of withstanding the
prevalent wind speeds and loads. See Section 13 “Wind Loading”.
The integral safety loop should be used for both hoisting the ODU up a mast or building into
position, and also as a fixing point to secure a permanent safety lanyard from the
tower/building to the ODU in case of mounting failure.
Step 2: Mate the unit to the bracket together
and tighten the nut and bolt.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 37
Integral Safety loop - detail arrowed
Figure 12: Integral Safety Loop
The length of the safety lanyard must not exceed 1m (approx 3 ft) in length. The lanyard
should be made from a material that does not degrade in an outdoor environment.
The safety lanyard must be fixed to a separate fixing point that is not part of the direct
mounting system for the ODU.
If the safety loop or its fixing is damaged in any way or has been exposed to a shock loading
due to a fall it should be replaced with a new one before any further operations are
undertaken.
7.7 Connecting Up
7.7.1 Preparing The 150/300 PIDU TO ODU Cable
Note: The maximum cable length between the ODU and the users Network Equipment is
100m. Cable lengths up to 300m can be used where the 150/300 PIDU to ODU cable is
supplying power only i.e. when using the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Optical Interface.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 38
The cable should be assembled to the following instructions:
Step 1: Assemble gland on cable as shown
Step 3: Arrange conductors as shown in
Figure 14 and cut to length
Figure 13: Completed ODU connector
Step 2: Strip the outer insulation
Step 4: Insert conductors and crimp
Both ends of the ODU cable are terminated in the same way. The above procedure should be
repeated for the Canopy 150/300 PIDU end of the cable when the cable routing process is
complete.
Note: The Canopy 150/300 PIDU end of the cable does not employ a cable gland.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 39
Figure 14: RJ45 Pin Connection (T568B Color Coding)
7.7.2 Making the Connections at the ODU
Looking at the back of the unit with the cable entry at the bottom. The Canopy 150/300 PIDU
connection is the first hole on the right (Figure 15: 150/300 PIDU Connection) and is labelled
PIDU.
SPIDU Cable
Figure 15: 150/300 PIDU Connection
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 40
7.7.3 Making the 150/300 PIDU Connection At The ODU
The following procedure describes how connection is made at the ODU. It is often easier to
carry out this procedure on the ground or a suitable surface prior to mounting the ODU.
Ensure no power is connected to the Canopy 150/300 PIDU or present on the cable before
connecting the ODU.
Step 1: Assemble the cable as described in
7.7.1 above
Step 3: Screw in the body of the weather
proofing gland and tighten
Step 2: Insert the RJ45 connector making sure
that the locking tab snaps home
Step 4: Screw on the clamping nut and tighten
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 41
Should it be necessary to disconnect the 150/300 PIDU to ODU cable at the ODU this can be
achieved by removing the weather proofing gland and depressing the RJ45 locking tab with a
small screwdriver as shown below:
Figure 16: Disconnecting the ODU
Warning: Ensure that power is removed from the system at the 150/300 PIDU to prevent
damage to the ODU whilst making or breaking the connection.
7.7.4 Routing the Cable
After connecting the cable to the ODU it can be routed and secured using standard cable
routing and securing techniques. When the cable is in place it can then be cut to the desired
length at the 150/300 PIDU prior to connection to the 150/300 PIDU.
7.7.5 Fitting A Surge Arrestor
If you have opted to fit a Surge Arrestor, this should be installed by following the
manufacturers’ instruction. For recommended types see Section 12 “Lightning Protection”
7.7.6
Grounding The Installation
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH Outdoor unit must be properly grounded to protect against
power surges. It is the user’s responsibility to install the equipment in accordance with
Section 810 of the National Electric Code, ANSI/NFPA No.70-1984 or Section 54 of the
Canadian Electrical Code or the National Electrical Code in the country of installation. These
codes describe correct installation procedures for grounding the outdoor unit, mast, lead-in
wire and discharge unit, size of grounding conductors and connection requirements for
grounding electrodes. It is recommended that installation of the outdoor unit be contracted to
a professional installer. See Section 12 “Lightning Protection” for recommended grounding
kits.
7.7.7 Making the ODU Connection At The Canopy 150/300 PIDU
The ODU is connected to the 150/300 PIDU by means of a concealed RJ45 connector. The
RJ45 connection has been placed inside the 150/300 PIDU hinged cover to prevent the user
inadvertently plugging other equipment into the ODU RJ45 socket.
Warning: Plugging other equipment into the ODU RJ45 socket may damage the equipment
due to the non-standard techniques employed to inject DC power into the 1000BaseT
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 42
connection between the 150/300 PIDU and ODU. Plugging the ODU into other equipment
may damage the ODU and/or the other equipment.
Step 1: Undo the retaining screw and hinge
back the cover.
Step 2: Plug in the ODU to 150/300 PIDU
Cable ensuring that it snaps home
Step 3: Replace the cover and secure with the retaining screw
7.7.8 Making the Network Connection At The Canopy 150/300 PIDU
The Network connection is made by connecting the users Network Equipment directly to the
150/300 PIDU LAN port as shown in Figure 17 .
Figure 17: Making the Network Connection at the 150/300 PIDU
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 43
7.7.9 Mounting The Canopy 150/300 PIDU
This step is optional. Motorola recommends that you mount the 150/300 PIDU on a wall or
other suitable mounting surface. This prevents the unit from being knocked or kicked and can
help maintain link availability. Ensure that the reset switch can be accessed when mounting
the unit.
Step 1: Fix the 150/300 PIDU to the wall using the lugs provided.
Step 2: Make connections as per Section
7.7.7.
WARNING The 150/300 PIDU is not waterproof and should be mounted away from sources
of moisture. If mounted outdoors the 150/300 PIDU should be mounted in a rain proof
enclosure, preferably ventilated.
It is also recommended that you fit a drip loop on the 150/300 PIDU to ODU cable to ensure
that any moisture that runs down the cable into the cabinet or enclosure cannot enter the
150/300 PIDU. As shown in Figure 18 the network connection and mains cable should be
treated in the same way if there is a risk that they can carry moisture to the 150/300 PIDU.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 44
To ODU
Ethernet
Drip Loop
Power
Mount PIDU+ at a
height that protects
it from flooding or
rising damp
AC Mains
Optional Drain Hole
Figure 18: 150/300 PIDU Drip Loop Configuration
WARNING It is possible for moisture to enter the cable due to damage to the outer protective
layer. This moisture can track down the inside of the cable, filling up the drip loop and
eventually finding its way into the 150/300 PIDU. To protect against this the outer protective
layer of the cable can be opened up at the bottom of the drip loop to allow this moisture to
escape.
WARNING Some network operators employ gel filled cables to get around the problem of
moisture ingress and transmission. The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH has NOT been tested
against these cables. Use of gel filled cables may effect the Backhaul performance.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 45
7.7.10 Powering Up
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH system is supplied as a pair of matched Master/Slave units.
The Master unit can now be powered up and accessed using the default URL
http://169.254.1.2
Prior to powering up the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH, a computer with web browsing capabilities
should be configured with an IP address of 169.254.1.n and subnet mask of 255.255.0.0
where n is any value between 1 and 254 but excluding 1 or 2. If the default address of the unit
169.254.1.1/2 clashes with an address you are already using on your LAN or you are not
sure, you should set up an isolated LAN. As the LAN connection presented at the 150/300
PIDU has a default configuration as a hub/switch (and auto-sensing MDI/MDIX cross over is
employed) connection can be made directly to the computer using a standard CAT 5 patch
cable.
Before physical installation takes place the units to be installed should be set up as described
in the section
address to one that is in the desired address range and set each unit up with the MAC
address of its peer unit ready to establish a radio link. It is recommended that this procedure
be carried out on the bench before physical installation commences. Providing it is safe to do
so, the installer should take the process to the point where a radio link is established before
proceeding to the installation site.
H; the Slave unit can be accessed using http://169.254.1.1 .
8.3.3. This process will give the installer the opportunity to set the units IP
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 46
7.7.11 Aligning the ODUs
The following is a description of the steps taken to establish a radio link between the two
units forming the bridge and align the units for the best signal strength.
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH uses audible tones during installation to assist the installer with
alignment. The installer should adjust the alignment of the ODU in both azimuth and elevation
until highest pitch tone is achieved
State Name Tone
Description
Free Channel
Regular beep Executing band scan N/A
4
TPF
FPT The tones and their meanings are as follows:
State Description Pitch Indication (Higher
pitch = higher power)
Search
Scanning Slow broken
tone
Synchronized Fast broken
tone
Registered Solid tone Both Master and Slave units
Not demodulating the wanted
signal
Demodulating the wanted
signal
Rx Power
Rx Power
Rx Power
exchanging Radio layer MAC
management messages
Table 6: Audio indications from the ODU
The term ‘wanted signal’ refers to that of the peer unit being installed.
In each of the states detailed above the unit should be aligned to give the highest pitch tone.
It should be noted that if, when in the Synchronized or Registered state the tone varies wildly,
you may be suffering from interference or a fast fading link. Installing in this situation may not
give a reliable link. The cause of the problem should be investigated.
For the ease of alignment both Master and Slave units use the install tones in the same way
but with some small behavioural differences. This allows the installer to install the Slave unit
first and carry out the initial alignment with the Master unit if desired. However, due to the
behavioural differences of Master and Slave units it is recommended that the Master unit is
installed first and the initial alignment carried out at the Slave unit.
4
TP
PT The pitch of the alignment tone is proportional to the received power of the 5.8 GHz wireless
signals. The best results are usually achieved by making small incremental movement in angular
alignment.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 47
The following behaviour should be noted:
• When first started up and from time to time the Master unit will carry out a band scan to
determine which channels are not in use. During this time, between 10 and 15 seconds,
the Master unit will not transmit and as a consequence of this neither will the Slave unit.
During this time the installation tone on the master unit will drop back to the band scan
state and the Slave unit will drop back to Scanning state with the pitch of the tone set be
the background noise level. Alignment of the unit should cease during this time.
• The master unit can take up to 60 seconds in 0-40km mode, 90 seconds in 0-130km
mode and 120 seconds in 0-200km mode to determine the range of the link being
installed. The Master unit will remain in the Scanning state until the range of the link has
been established. The Master unit will only move to the Synchronized state when the
range of the link has been established.
• If at the end of the ranging period the Registered state is not achieved due to interference
or other reasons, the Master unit will retry twice more on the same channel before
moving to another available channel. Should this occur it might take a number of minutes
to establish a link in the Registered state.
• The Slave unit does not have a ranging process. The slave unit will change to the
Synchronized state as soon as the wanted signal is demodulated.
When the alignment process is complete the installer MUST REMEMBER TO DISARM BOTH
UNITS in the link as described in section 8.3.3. This is necessary in order to:
• Turn off the audible alignment aid.
• Enable Adaptive Modulation.
• Fully enable Spectrum Management (iDFS).
• Clear unwanted installation information from the various systems statistics.
• Store the link range for fast link acquisition on link drop.
• Enable Higher Data Rates.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 48
8 Web Page Reference
The web user interface has three main sections. The home page presents to the operator a
high level summary of the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH wireless link. The status page presents a
more detailed set of system parameters describing the performance of the wireless link
together with other key system performance metrics. The final section is the system
administration section. This section is password protected and allows the Canopy 150/300
Mb BH administrator to perform all the day-to-day administrative procedures, e.g. Software
Upgrade and perform configuration changes.
The following subsections give a detailed usage guide for all the web user interfaces.
The web pages are best viewed using a screen resolution of at least 1024 x 768 pixels on a
PC using Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 6
The navigation bar on the left hand side of the web page is used to move between the various
management pages. The currently selected page is always highlighted with a dark blue
background. The menu is hierarchical. Selecting a menu item which has associated submenu
options will automatically display all sub options. An example webpage with the navigation
menu is shown in Figure 19 when the ‘Home’ Link is highlighted as the current page.
8.1 Home Page
5
TPF
FPT.
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH home page has been designed to display a high level summary
of the status of the wireless link and associated equipment. The home page (Figure 19)
normally displays four key system attributes:
Wireless Link Status The Wireless Link Status attribute, as the name suggests, displays the
current status of the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH wireless link. A state of ‘Up’ on a green
background indicates that a Point-to-Point link is established. A state of ‘Down’ on a red
background indicates that the wireless link is not established. If the link is down for an
unknown reason the system administrator should first consult the status web page for a more
detailed summary of up to date system diagnostics.
Link Name The link name attribute is a name and/or handle allocated by the system
administrator to aid the identification of the unit, network or building.
5
TP
PT The web pages have also been tested with Firefox 1.0.6. Other browsers may function correctly but
have not been tested.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 49
Figure 19: 150/300 Mb BH Home Page
Elapsed Time Indicator The elapsed time indicator attribute presents the total time in days,
hours, minutes and seconds since the last system restart. The system can restart for several
reasons, e.g. commanded reboot from the system reboot webpage, or a power cycle of the
equipment.
System Clock If SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) is enabled, or the clock has been
set, then a system clock attribute is displayed giving the date and time of the last page
refresh. Section 8.3.9.5 explains how to enable SNTP and section 8.3.9.6 explains how to set
the clock.
8.1.1 Home Page Alarm Display
The home page is also used to display all outstanding major system alarms. Whenever
system alarms are asserted a yellow warning triangle is displayed on webpage navigation
bar. The warning triangle will be visible from all web pages. Clicking the warning triangle will
cause the webpage to jump back to the system homepage. Figure 20 shows an example of
an alarm screen.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 50
Figure 20: Alarm Warning Triangle
The following major system alarms are defined:
Install Arm State The Install Arm State alarm is displayed. This alarm warns when a wireless
unit is in installation mode. After installation the wireless unit should be disarmed. This will
increase the wireless links data carrying capacity and stop the installation tone generator. The
wireless link is disarmed from the ‘Installation Wizard’ see section
8.3.3.
Install Status If any errors are detected during the installation process, the unit will
automatically raise an audible alarm. The install status alarm will be raised with an
appropriate reason code, e.g. the alarm will be raised if an incorrect target MAC address is
specified for the peer Canopy 150/300 Mb BH wireless unit.
Ethernet Link Status If there are any problems with the Ethernet interface this alarm will be
asserted. This alarm will most likely be seen if the unit has no Ethernet cable plugged into its
Ethernet socket.
Master And Slave Have Incompatible Region Codes The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH uses
region codes to comply with local regulatory requirements governing the transmission of
wireless signals in the 5.8 GHz band. Region codes can only be changed by obtaining a new
150/300 Mbps Backhaul license key. If this alarm is encountered the appropriate license keys
from the country of operation should be obtained from your distributor. Applying license keys
containing the same region codes to both ends of the link will remove the alarm.
Spectrum Management Channel Warning The alarm warns the user when the intelligent
spectrum management feature can't find a suitable wireless channel. This alarm occurs when
the signal assessment features of the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH can’t find a channel to operate
on.
Hardware Authentication Alarm If the Hardware Authentication Alarm is displayed on the
front page please contact Motorola Customer support for further assistance.
Ethernet Link Disable Warning This warning is displayed if the Ethernet link has been
administratively disabled via the SNMP Interface. The Ethernet Interfaces MIB-II
ifAdminStatus attribute has been set to DOWN. To enable the Ethernet interface set the
ifAdminStatus attribute to UP.
Wireless Link Disabled Warning This warning is displayed if the Ethernet link has been
administratively disabled via the SNMP Interface. The Wireless Interfaces MIB-II
ifAdminStatus attribute has been set to DOWN. To enable the Ethernet interface set the
ifAdminStatus attribute to UP.
Fibre Link Disabled Warning This warning is displayed if an SFP is installed but has been
disabled because your license key does not include fibre support.
Ethernet Configuration Mismatch Alarm This warning is an indication that Ethernet
fragments are being detected on the Ethernet port. This is an indication of an auto negotiation
or forced Ethernet configuration mismatch.
SNTP No Sync Warning This warning indicates that SNTP has been enabled but that the
unit is unable to synchronize with the specified SNTP server. Section
8.3.9.5 explains how to
configure SNTP.
Telecoms Channel A Status Indicates that there is a problem with the telecoms channel A.
Possible problems are "No Signal (local)", "No Signal (Remote)", and "No Signal (Local and
Remote)".
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 51
Telecoms Channel B Status Indicates that there is a problem with the telecoms channel B.
Possible problems are "No Signal (local)", "No Signal (Remote)", and "No Signal (Local and
Remote)".
Telecoms Interface A Loopback The telecoms loopback features are intended for
installation testing only and should be set to 'None' for normal operation. The loopback can be
disabled from the telecoms configuration sub menu (see section 8.3.1.6).
Telecoms Interface B Loopback The telecoms loopback features are intended for
installation testing only and should be set to 'None' for normal operation. The loopback can be
disabled from the telecoms configuration sub menu (see section 8.3.1.6).
Incompatible Master and Slave The warning is visible when the master and slave ends of
the wireless link have incompatible configurations. The two possible scenarios for seeing
these warnings are:
1. "Incompatible Master and Slave product variants". The product variant is controlled by the
unit’s license key. Check that the correct set of compatible license keys have been
inserted into the units.
2. "Master and Slave are running different software versions". Check the software versions
on each end of the wireless link and upgrade one or both of the software units to remedy
the incompatibility.
8.2 Systems Status Page
The status page has been designed to give the system administrator a detailed view of the
operation of the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH system from both the wireless and network
perspectives.
The page is subdivided into four main categories Equipment, Wireless, Telecoms and
Ethernet/Internet. The ‘Equipment’ section contains the entire unit’s inventory and
identification information. The ‘Wireless’ section presents all the key wireless metrics
displayed as a series of measurements and histograms. The ‘Ethernet/Internet’ section
describes the unit’s network identity and connectivity. The telecoms controls the unit E1/T1
telecoms interfaces.
The status page can be configured to refresh itself at an operator defined rate (if the user is
logged in a system administrator). The refresh period defaults to 3600 seconds and can
easily be changed to refresh at any period between 3 seconds and 3600 seconds. Pressing
the ‘Update Page Refresh Period’ button causes a new page refresh period to be adopted by
the system. The page refresh mechanism uses a HTML Meta refresh command. Therefore
the refresh is always initiated by the local browser and not by the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH
system at this interval.
The two Canopy 150/300 Mb BH units are arranged in a master and slave relationship. The
unit’s role in this relationship is displayed in the page title. The master unit will always have
the title ‘- Master’, and the slave will always have the ‘- Slave’ appended to the ‘Systems
Status’ page title.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 52
Figure 21: Status Page
The following section details all the attributes displayed on the status page
Link Name The link name is allocated by the system administrator and is used to identify the
equipment on the network. The link name attribute is limited to a maximum size of 63 ASCII
characters.
Link Location The link location is allocated by the system administrator and can be used as
a generic scratch pad to describe the location of the equipment or any other equipment
related notes. The link location attribute is limited to a maximum size of 63 ASCII characters.
Software Version The attribute describes the version of software installed on the equipment.
The format of the attributes is PPPP-XX-YY where PPPP is the product variant, XX is the
major release version and YY is the minor release version.
Hardware Version The hardware version attribute contains all the combined hardware
version information. The attribute is formatted as DXX. RYY Z where DXX contain the version
of the digital card, RYY contains the version of the RF (radio frequency) card and Z describes
the antenna type which can be I (integrated) or C (connectorized). Region Code The region
code is used by the system to constrain the wireless to operate within the 5.8 GHz regulatory
regime of the particular country. The region code is encoded in the product license key. If the
operator wishes to change region code, a new license key must be obtained from Motorola or
the local distributor / system integrator.
Elapsed Time Indicator The elapsed time indicator attribute presents the total time in years,
days, hours, minutes and seconds since the last system restart. The system can restart for
several reasons, e.g. commanded reboot from the system reboot webpage, or a power cycle
of the equipment.
:
Ethernet Link Status Current status of the Ethernet link. A state of ‘Up’ with a green
background indicates that an Ethernet link is established. A state of ‘Down’ with a red
background indicates that the Ethernet link is not established.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 53
Ethernet Speed and Duplex The negotiated speed and duplex setting of the Ethernet
interface. The speed setting is specified in Mbps. Full Duplex data transmission means that
data can be transmitted in both directions on a signal carrier at the same time. For example,
on a local area network with a technology that has full duplex transmission; one workstation
can be sending data on the line while another workstation is receiving data. Half Duplex data
transmission means that data can be transmitted in both directions on a signal carrier, but not
at the same time. For example, on a local area network using a technology that has half
duplex transmission, one workstation can send data on the line and then immediately receive
data on the line from the same direction in which data was just transmitted.
Channel A The status of telecoms interface A.
Channel B The status of telecoms interface B.
Wireless Link Status As the attribute name suggests it displays the current status of the
Canopy 150/300 Mb BH wireless link. A state of ‘Up’ on a green background indicates that a
Point-to-Point link is established. A state of ‘Down’ on a red background indicates that the
wireless link is not established. If the link is down for an unknown reason the system
administrator should first consult the status webpage for a more detailed summary of the
prevailing system diagnostics.
Maximum Transmit Power The maximum transmit power that the local wireless unit is
permitted to use to sustain a link.
Remote Maximum Transmit Power The maximum transmit power that the remote wireless
unit is permitted to use to sustain a link.
Transmit Power Transmit power histogram is expressed in dBm and presented as: max,
mean, min, and latest. The max, min and latest are true instantaneous measurements; the
mean is the mean of a set of one second means. The histogram is calculated over a one hour
period. If the equipment has been running for less than one hour then the histogram is
calculated over the current elapsed time. The data used to compute the histogram statistics
can be downloaded in an ASCII comma separated variable (CSV) format via the diagnostics
download page, see section
8.3.12
Receive Power Receive power histogram is expressed in dBm and presented as: max,
mean, min, and latest. The max, min and latest are true instantaneous measurements; the
mean is the mean of a set of one second means. The histogram is calculated over a one hour
period. If the equipment has been running for less than one hour then the histogram is
calculated over the current elapsed time. The data used to compute the histogram statistics
can be downloaded in an ASCII comma separated variable (CSV) format via the download
diagnostics page, see section
8.3.12
Vector Error The vector error measurement compares the received signals In phase /
Quadrature (IQ) modulation characteristics to an ideal signal to determine the composite error
vector magnitude. The results are stored in a histogram and expressed in dB and presented
as: max, mean, min and latest. The max, min and latest are true instantaneous
measurements; the mean is the mean of a set of one second means. The histogram is
calculated over a one hour period. If the equipment has been running for less than one hour
then the histogram is calculated over
the current elapsed time. The expected range for Vector
Error would be approximately -2dB (NLOS link operating at sensitivity limit on BPSK 0.67) to
–33dB (short LOS link running 256 QAM 0.83). The data used to compute the histogram
statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII comma separated variable (CSV) format via the
download diagnostics page, see section
8.3.12
Link Loss The link loss is the total attenuation of the wireless signal between the two
Point-to-Point units.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 54
++−
=
The data used to compute the histogram statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII comma
separated variable (CSV) format via the download diagnostics page, see section
8.3.12. The
link loss calculation presented below:
ggPPP
RTRTll
xxxx
Where
P
ll
Link Loss (dB)
P
T
x
P
R
x
Transmit power of the remote
wireless unit (dBm)
Received signal power at the local
unit (dBm)
Antenna gain at the remote and local
units respectively (dBi). The antenna
gg ,
RT
xx
gain of the 300 Mbps Backhaul (23.5
dBi) is used unless one or both of
the 60 Mbps Backhaul units is a
Connectorized version. See Section
14 for more details
Equation 2: Link Loss
Transmit Data Rate The data rate in the transmit direction, expressed in Mbps and
presented as: max, mean, min, and latest histogram format. The max, min and latest are true
instantaneous measurements; the mean is the mean of a set of one second means.
The histogram is calculated over a one hour period. If the equipment has been running for
less than one hour then the histogram is calculated over the current elapsed time. Expected
data rates can be found in section
6.1.4 “Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link
loss”. The data used to compute the histogram statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII
comma separated variable (CSV) format via the download diagnostics page, see section
8.3.12.
Receive Data Rate The data rate in the receive direction, expressed in Mbps and presented
as: max, mean, min, and latest histogram format. The max, min and latest are true
instantaneous measurements; the mean is the mean of a set of one second means.
The histogram is calculated over a one hour period. If the equipment has been running for
less than one hour then the histogram is calculated over the current elapsed time. Expected
data rates can be found in section
6.1.4 “Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link
loss”. The data used to compute the histogram statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII
comma separated variable (CSV) format via the download diagnostics page, see section
8.3.12
Link Capacity The maximum aggregate data rate capacity available for user traffic assuming
the units have been connected using Gigabit Ethernet. The link capacity is variable and
depends of the prevailing wireless conditions as well as the distance (range) between the two
wireless units. When the link is idle and in ‘IP Mode’ the wireless link will adaptively configure
itself into a lower latency mode, this will cause the displayed link capacity and aggregate data
rates to diverge. This is because the aggregate data rate displays the instantaneous capacity
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 55
of the wireless link not the maximum potential capacity of the link as displayed by link
capacity.
Transmit Modulation Mode The modulation mode currently being used on the transmit
channel. Details on the modulation modes can be found in section 11.1 “System
Specifications
”.
The data used to compute the histogram statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII comma
separated variable (CSV) format via the download diagnostics page, see section 8.3.12
Receive Modulation Mode The modulation mode currently being used on the receive
channel. Details on the modulation modes can be found in section 11.1 “
System
Specifications”.
The data used to compute the histogram statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII comma
separated variable (CSV) format via the download diagnostics page, see section 8.3.12
Receive Modulation Mode Detail This supplies the user with information regarding the
receive modulation mode in use. Possible values are:
• Running at maximum receive mode
• Running at user-configured Max Modulation Mode
• Restricted due to byte errors on the wireless link or local Ethernet Tx Fifo Drops
• Restricted because a DFS channel change is in progress
• Restricted due to telecoms acquisition mode
• Restricted due to the low Ethernet link speed
• Limited by the wireless conditions
6
Range The range
FPT between the peer Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul units.
Refresh Page Period The Status page refreshes automatically according to the setting
entered here (in seconds). This attribute is only displayed when the user is logged on as
System Administrator.
6
TP
PT The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH displays range in km by default, if the user would prefer to display
range using Miles the ‘Distance Units’ attribute should be set to imperial, see the “Properties”
webpage section 8.3.15
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 56
8.3 System Administration Pages
The following menu options are available for the system administrator and can be password
protected Figure 22 shows the system administration login page. By default a system admin
password is not set. Simply click the login button to access the system administration
features.
Figure 22: System Administration Login Page
Once the password has been set using the ‘Change Password’ menu item the system
administration pages will only be available after the user has entered the correct password.
The features that are only available to the system administrator are:
• Configuration
• Statistics
• The Installation Wizard
• Software Upgrade
• Spectrum Management including DFS
• Remote management
• Diagnostics Plotter
• Password Management
• License Key Management
• Properties
• System Reboot
8.3.1 System Configuration
The configuration of the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH is organized into three sections:
• General configuration
• LAN configuration
• Telecoms Configuration
• Save and Restore
The general configuration allows modification of high level administrative (descriptive)
attributes and high level wireless configuration.
The LAN configuration sub menu allows the system administrator to modify the Ethernet and
IP configuration of the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul unit.
The telecoms submenu displays the current status of the telecoms interface and allows the
configuration of interface loopbacks.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 57
The save and restore submenu allows the system administrator to backup and restore
150/300 Mbps Backhaul configuration. It is recommended after a unit has been successfully
installed that a copy of the active configuration is taken and archived by the system
administrator.
8.3.1.1 General Configuration Page
The general configuration page ( Figure 23 ) is used by the system administrator to configure
the Canopy 150/300 Mb Backhauls high level administrative (descriptive) attributes and high
level wireless configuration.
Figure 23: System Configuration Page
Whilst the majority of the system configuration is entered during installation and should never
require changing, this page offers the system administrator the ability to change the basic
system parameters for both the wireless and Ethernet components.
Link Name User defined identity for the unit (max 63 characters).
Link Location Can be used as a generic scratch pad to describe the location of the
equipment.
Max Receive Modulation Mode This is the maximum mode the unit will use as its adaptive
modulation. The modulation modes available are specified in section 11.1 ”System
Specifications
”.
By default the Max Receive Modulation Mode is the highest mode available.
For minimum error rates on TDM links the user should set the maximum modulation mode to
64QAM 0.75 at both ends of the link.
Ethernet Capped Max Wireless Speed When enabled this option will cap the wireless
speed to a mode that the connected Ethernet connection can sustain.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 58
Maximum Transmit Power This specifies the maximum transmit power in dBm of the
system, it is country dependent and although the user can change this in 1dB steps, it will be
limited to that country’s regulations
7
.
Why Reduce Transmit Power?
If the link losses are low and the link data rate and availability targets are being easily
achieved, the transmitted power level may be reduced with a consequent benefit to other
users of the band, e.g. fixed satellite links.
7
In the UK there is a legal requirement to provide a minimum of 19dB of transmit power control
range. When the equipment is operating with a UK License Key, an additional facility is provided
on the configuration page that allows the transmitted power to be reduced by 19dB compared to the
maximum allowed with a simple single step control.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 59
8.3.1.2 LAN Configuration Page
The LAN configuration page (Figure 24) is used by the system administrator to configure the
Canopy 150/300 Mb BH LAN interface.
Figure 24: LAN Configuration Page
IP Address Internet protocol (IP) address. This address is used by the family of Internet
protocols to uniquely identify this unit on a network.
Subnet Mask A subnet allows the flow of network traffic between hosts to be segregated
based on a network configuration. By organizing hosts into logical groups, subnetting can
improve network security and performance.
Gateway IP Address The IP address of a computer / router on the current network that acts
as a gateway. A gateway acts as an entrance / exit to packets from / to other networks.
VLAN High Priority Traffic Threshold All packets with an 802.1p priority tag greater than or
equal to the indicated value will be treated as a high priority packet for transmission over the
wireless link.
Use VLAN For Management Interfaces This controls whether the management interfaces
(WWW/SNMP/SMTP/SNTP) use 802.1Q VLAN tags or not. See section 8.3.1.3 “LAN
Configuration Page – Use VLAN For management Interfaces
”.
Ethernet Auto Negotiation This enables the Ethernet configuration to be forced rather than
auto negotiated.
Warning: The configuration should only be forced if you are having problems with auto
negotiation. You must ensure that you configure both this unit and the Ethernet port to
which it is connected identically. If you force a fixed Ethernet Configuration on the
Canopy 150/300 Mb BH unit then you MUST also force the same fixed configuration on
the equipment to which it is connected. If you fail to force the configuration of the
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 60
connected equipment, its automatic configuration mechanisms will normally cause a
duplex mismatch, and you will receive greatly reduced throughput!
When Ethernet Auto Negotiation is Disabled the format of the LAN configuration page will
change see Section 8.3.1.4 “
LAN Configuration Page – Manual Ethernet Configuration”.
Auto Neg Advertisement This controls the rates that the auto negotiation mechanism will
advertise as available.
Warning: Over the air throughput will be capped to the rate of the Ethernet interface at
the receiving end of the link.
Ethernet Auto MDIX This enables/disables the Auto Medium Dependent Interface
(MDI)/Medium Dependent Interface Crossover (MDIX) capability.
Drop Ethernet Link On Wireless Link Down When this option is enabled the Ethernet link is
momentarily dropped when the wireless link goes down. This feature is used to indicate to the
connected network equipment that this Ethernet link is no longer available, thus causing STP
(Spanning Tree Protocol) to re-route packets through an alternate link.
Local Packet Filtering When Local Packet Filtering is Enabled, the bridge learns the source
MAC addresses of devices transmitting Ethernet packets on the local Ethernet network, and
only bridges packets to the remote unit if the destination MAC address has not been learnt as
a 'local' device. When Local Packet Filtering is Disabled the bridge does not learn the source
MAC addresses of devices transmitting Ethernet packets on the local Ethernet network, and
bridges ALL Ethernet packets received to the remote unit. Local Packet Filtering should only
be disabled when external routing hardware is present.
All of the above attributes are non-volatile, once set they will be used by the unit even after a
power on reboot. A number of attributes, such as IP Address, Subnet Mask and Gateway IP
Address and VLAN settings will require a reboot before they are used. If any of these
attributes are changed a reboot screen appears asking the user to verify the reboot (Figure
25 or Figure 26 )
Figure 25: Configuration Reboot Page
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 61
Figure 26: Configuration Reboot Page - Ethernet Auto Negotiation Disabled
This will be followed by a pop-up dialogue box asking to confirm the action.
Note: At this point you will lose connection to the unit. If you have just changed the IP
Address you now have to reconnect to the unit using the address just set.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 62
8.3.1.3 LAN Configuration Page – Use VLAN For management Interfaces
The layout of the LAN Configuration page changes if this attribute is enabled in order to allow
the VLAN VID and VLAN Priority to be set, see Figure 27 . The VLAN settings are applied
only after the unit is rebooted.
Warning: You must ensure that you can access the VLAN which you configure here;
otherwise you will be unable to access the unit following the next reboot.
Figure 27: VLAN Configuration Fields
VLAN Management VID This 802.1Q VLAN VID will be included in packets generated by the
management interfaces. Valid settings are in the range 0 to 4094.
VLAN Management Priority This 802.1Q VLAN Priority will be included in packets
generated by the management interfaces. Valid settings are in the range 0 to 7.
VLAN Management VID Validation If enabled, the management interfaces will only respond
to Ethernet packets tagged with the configured 802.1Q VLAN Management VID, otherwise
packets with any VID will be accepted.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 63
8.3.1.4 LAN Configuration Page – Manual Ethernet Configuration
Figure 28: LAN Configuration Page - Manual Ethernet Configuration
Force Configuration This option allows the user to force the speed and duplex setting of the
Ethernet interface. See warning above!
Warning: Over the air throughput will be capped to the rate of the Ethernet interface at
the receiving end of the link
8.3.1.5 Save and Restore
The save and restore feature of Canopy 150/300 Mb BH allows the system administrator to
backup the operation configuration of the wireless unit. It is recommended that this facility is
used immediately after a successful Canopy 150/300 Mb BH installation or prior to any
software upgrade. Then in the unlikely event that a Canopy 150/300 Mb BH unit has to be
replaced in the field, the replacement unit can be reconfigured by simply playing back the
saved configuration file.
To download the latest configuration file right click on the ‘configuration’ hyperlink ( Figure 29)
and save the cfg.canopy to the hard drive of your computer
8
There is a really annoying feature of Internet Explorer (all versions) that will always look at the
8
( Figure 30 ).
content of any downloadable file as make an assessment whether to treat the file as an ASCII or
binary file. Unfortunately the configuration file is always treated as ASCII and the browser attempts
to display it instead of downloading it. Firefox (all versions) makes no such assumptions.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 64
Figure 29: Save and Restore Configuration Page
Figure 30: Save File Pop-up
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 65
The configuration file is encoded using an ASCII encoding scheme. An example is show in
Figure 31.
# Canopy 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Configuration file
#
# MAC Address :- 00:04:56:80:00:0c
# IP Address :- 169.254.1.2
# License Key :- DCBD-A7AA-6851-4679
# Software Version :- 58200-01-00
# Creation Date :- 01-Sep-05 20:03:23
#
# To playback this configuration file into the unit, use the Save
and Restore configuration webpage:
#
<config>+.BP9)7HC;O)DS.UNPAGUTLIHJ:",\K.]"3F6'0*XR14+>) !3-MZ-VF
…
</config>
Figure 31: Example Configuration File
The restoration of configuration files can be performed using the upload configuration tool.
Using the browser button to locate the configuration file you wish to upload then click the
‘Upload Configuration File and Reboot’ button ( Figure 30 ) The user will then be prompted to
confirm the action (Figure 32 ).
Figure 32: Reset Configuration and Reboot Confirmation Pop-up
On confirmation the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH will:
• Upload the configuration file
• Perform data integrity checking
• Erase previous configuration
• Apply the new configuration
• Restart
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 66
After the unit has restarted the entire configuration from the configuration file will now be
active. Note: The IP address of the unit may have also been changed the user can check the
new IP address by reading the header of the configuration file Figure 31 .
8.3.1.6 Telecoms Configuration Page
The Telecoms page is only available when the Telecoms Interface has been set to either E1
or T1 in the Installation Wizard.
It displays the interface setting and line code for the available telecoms channels. The
Canopy 150/300 Mb BH is able to support two E1 or T1 channels. However, in the Canopy
150 Mbps Backhaul configuration one of these channels is disabled. The channels are
referred to as "Channel A" and "Channel B".
The "Channel B" configuration and controls will be displayed only when the second channel is
enabled.
Figure 33: Telecoms Interface
Telecoms Interface may be either E1 or T1, reflecting the Installation Wizard setting.
Line Code Displays the Line Code setting for each channel. The Line Code configuration
must match the configuration of the connected equipment and may be set using the
Installation Wizard.
Cable Length The Cable Length setting is applicable in T1 mode only and shows the cable
length specified in the installation wizard.
Loopback Allows the E1 or T1 data stream to be looped back at the copper or wireless
interface. During normal operation the loopback must be set to "None".
It may be helpful during installation to test the telecoms links by performing loopback
connections.
A "Copper" loopback connects the received data on a given telecoms interface to the
transmit. A "Copper" loopback may be used, in conjunction with an appropriate test unit, to
confirm that the correct connections have been made to the ODU.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 67
A "Wireless" loopback sends the telecoms data received across the wireless link back across
the link on the same channel. The link may be checked using, for example a Bit Error Rate
Tester.
A typical E1 or T1 installation might include a "Copper" loopback on the local unit followed by
a "Wireless" loopback on the remote unit.
It is important to remove all loopbacks on channels for normal operation.
Alarms on the Home Page indicate the presence of loopbacks on either channel.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 68
8.3.2 Statistics Page
The 150/300 Mbps Backhaul statistics page is designed to display some key statistics of the
Ethernet Bridge and the underlying wireless performance.
Figure 34: System Statistics
Wireless Tx Packets This displays the total number of good packets the bridge has sent for
transmission by the wireless interface. The number in (+nn) displays the number of packets
transmitted since the last page refresh.
Wireless Rx Packets This displays the total number of good packets the bridge has received
from the wireless interface. The number in (+nn) displays the number of packets received
since the last page refresh.
Ethernet Tx Packets This displays the total number of good packets the bridge has sent for
transmission by the local Ethernet interface. The number in (+nn) displays the number of
packets transmitted since the last page refresh.
Ethernet Rx Packets This displays the total number of good packets the bridge has received
from the local Ethernet interface. The number in (+nn) displays the number of packets
received since the last page refresh.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 69
Packets To Internal Stack This displays the total number of good packets the bridge has
transmitted to the internal stack (e.g. ARP requests, PING requests, HTTP requests). The
number in (+nn) displays the number of packets transmitted since the last page refresh.
Packets From Internal Stack .This displays the total number of good packets the bridge has
received from the internal stack (e.g. ARP responses, PING replies, HTTP responses). The
number in (+nn) displays the number of packets received since the last page refresh.
Transmit Data Rate The data rate in the transmit direction, expressed in Mbps and
presented as: max, mean, min, and latest histogram format. The max, min and latest are true
instantaneous measurements, the mean is the mean of a set of one second means.
The histogram is calculated over a one hour period. If the equipment has been running for
less than one hour then the histogram is calculated over the current elapsed time. Expected
data rates can be found in section
4.1.4 “Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link
loss”. The data used to compute the histogram statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII
comma separated variable (CSV) format via the download diagnostics page, see section
6.3.10.
Receive Data Rate The data rate in the receive direction, expressed in Mbps and presented
as: max, mean, min, and latest histogram format. The max, min and latest are true
instantaneous measurements; the mean is the mean of a set of one second means.
The histogram is calculated over a one hour period. If the equipment has been running for
less than one hour then the histogram is calculated over the current elapsed time. Expected
data rates can be found in section
6.1.4 “Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link
loss”. The data used to compute the histogram statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII
comma separated variable (CSV) format via the download diagnostics page, see section
6.3.10
.
Aggregate Data Rate The sum of the data rate in the both direction, expressed in Mbps and
presented as: max, mean, min, and latest histogram format. The max, min and latest are true
instantaneous measurements; the mean is the mean of a set of one second means.
The histogram is calculated over a one hour period. If the equipment has been running for
less than one hour then the histogram is calculated over the current elapsed time. Expected
data rates can be found in section
6.1.4 “Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link
loss”. The data used to compute the histogram statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII
comma separated variable (CSV) format via the download diagnostics page, see section
6.3.10.
Link Capacity The maximum aggregate data capacity available for user traffic under the
current radio link conditions assuming the units have been connected using Gigabit Ethernet.
The sum of the displayed Transmit and Receive data rates may be lower than this figure if the
link isn't fully loaded by the current traffic profile.
Transmit Modulation Mode The modulation mode currently being used on the transmit
channel. The number in brackets after the modulation mode and coding rate string is the
effective data rate available to all MAC layer protocols. Details on the modulation modes can
be found in section 11.1 “System Specifications
”. The data used to compute the histogram
statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII comma separated variable (CSV) format via the
download diagnostics page, see section
6.3.10
Receive Modulation Mode The modulation mode currently being used on the receive
channel. The number in brackets after the modulation mode and coding rate string is the
effective data rate available to all MAC layer protocols. Details on the modulation modes can
be found in section 11.1 “System Specifications
”. The data used to compute the histogram
statistics can be downloaded in an ASCII comma separated variable (CSV) format via the
download diagnostics page, see section
6.3.10
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 70
Receive Modulation Mode Detail This supplies the user with information regarding the
receive modulation mode in use. Possible values are:
• Running at maximum receive mode
• Running at user-configured Target Modulation Mode
• Restricted because Installation is armed
• Restricted because of byte errors on the wireless link
• Restricted because a DFS channel change is in progress
• Restricted due to the low Ethernet link speed
• Limited by the radio conditions
Signal Strength Ratio The Signal Strength Ratio is the ratio of the power received by the
Vertical / Horizontal receivers.
Wireless Link Availability Expresses the link availability as a percentage of time since the
first successful registration after a system restart. Expressed as a percentage to four decimal
places.
Byte Error Ratio The ratio of detected Byte errors to the total number of Bytes since the last
system reboot. This is a true measure of link quality as this measurement is made continually
using null frames when there is no user data to transport.
Statistics Page Refresh Period The statistics page refreshes automatically according to the
setting entered here (in seconds).
Reset System Counters By pressing this button all counters in the system are reset to zero.
This not only affects this page for example the Elapsed Time Indicator is also reset.
Reset System Histograms All histograms are reset, and the calculation period is restarted.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 71
8.3.3 Detailed Counters Page
Figure 35: Detailed Counters Page
The detailed counters page is subdivided into two columns. Column one presents the detailed
statistics for the Canopy 150/300 Mb Backhauls Ethernet interface. Column two relates to the
wireless interface.
The Counters have the following definitions:
Tx & Rx Octets Total number of octets (bytes) transmitted or received over the interface.
Rx Drops Total number of frames dropped due to the lack of sufficient capacity in the receive
buffer.
Rx Packets Total number of packets received by the interface. This includes both good and
bad packets.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 72
Rx Broadcasts Total number of good broadcast packets.
Rx Multicasts Total number of good multicast packets.
Rx CRC and Align Total number of packets with CRC or frame alignment errors.
Rx Undersize Total number of packets received that are less than 64 bytes and have a valid
CRC.
Rx Oversize Total number of packets received that are greater than the maximum number of
bytes with a valid CRC.
Rx Fragments Total number of packets that are less than 64 bytes with an invalid CRC
(these packet types are also known as runts).
Rx Jabbers Total number of packets received that are greater than the maximum number of
bytes with an invalid CRC.
Rx 64 Bytes Total number 64 byte frames received
Rx 65 to 127 Bytes Total number of frames received in the size range 65 to 127 bytes.
Rx 128 to 255 Bytes Total number of frames received in the size range 128 to 255 bytes.
Rx 256 to 511 Bytes Total number of frames received in the size range 256 to 511 bytes.
Rx 512 to 1023 Bytes Total number of frames received in the size range 512 to 1023 bytes.
Rx 1024 to Max Total number of frames received in the size range 1024 to Maximum bytes.
Tx Drops Total number of frames dropped due excessive collisions, late collision and frame
aging.
Tx Packets Total number of packets received by the interface. This includes both good and
bad packets.
Tx Broadcasts Total number of good broadcast packets.
Tx Multicasts Total number of good multicast packets.
Tx Collisions Total number frames experiencing collisions.
Tx 64 Bytes Total number 64 byte frames transmitted
Tx 65 to 127 Bytes Total number frames transmitted in the size range 65 to 127 bytes.
Tx 128 to 255 Bytes Total number frames transmitted in the size range 128 to 255 bytes.
Tx 256 to 511 Bytes Total number frames transmitted in the size range 256 to 511 bytes.
Tx 512 to 1023 Bytes Total number frames transmitted in the size range 512 to 1023 bytes.
Tx 1024 to Max Total number frames transmitted in the size range 1024 to Maximum bytes.
Tx FIFO Drops Total number frames dropped due to lack of capacity in the transmit buffer,
for example when the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul is connected to the local Ethernet at a
connection speed of less than 1 Gbps.
Rx & Tx High Priority Total number of received of transmitted frames marked as high
priority.
Rx & Tx Low Priority Total number of received of transmitted frames marked as low priority.
Rx & Tx Pause Frames Total number of received or transmitted pause frames.
Rx Classifier Drops Total number of received frames dropped due to the application of
classifier rules.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 73
Statistics Page Refresh Period The statistics page refreshes automatically according to the
setting entered here (in seconds).
8.3.4 Install Pages
These pages are used during system installation. There follows a description of the install
pages along with their use during the installation configuration process. The actual installation
process is described in section 7.7.11 “Aligning the ODUs”.
All wireless links are shipped as paired units. They are pre-configured at the factory so that
they can be installed without the user supplying any configuration. Each wireless link is
shipped with a quick start guide. Attached to the quick start guide is a summary of the preconfigured configuration data. Table 4
highlighted have been committed to the wireless unit’s non-volatile storage.
shows an example link configuration. The values
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 74
UExample 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Configuration DataU
For your convenience these two units have been pre-configured as a link
UUnits:U
ODU serial number ODU serial number
0167800002BE 0167800002BF
Ethernet MAC address Ethernet MAC address
00:04:56:00:02:BE 00:04:56:00:02:BF
UConfigured as:U
Master Slave
Target MAC address Target MAC address
00:04:56:00:02:BF 00:04:56:00:02:BE
License Key License Key
A471-FE88-428D-E1F3 534F-4F54-D1B0-E2DA
IP Address IP Address
169.254.1.2 169.254.1.1
Table 7: 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Factory Configuration Values
The factory default configuration is written to the ‘semi-permanent’ configuration bank.
The factory default configuration is limited in range to 40 Km. If you wish to install a wireless
link with a range of > 40 Km and < 200 Km or < 5 Km you must follow the ‘
Configuring The Wireless Units
’ in section 6.3.4.1.
The factory default configuration is set to Region 1. Region 1 allows the Canopy 150/300 Mb
BH a maximum transmit power of 25 dBm. If the local 5.8 GHz regulatory regime limits the
maximum transmit power (EIRP) to less than 25 dBm you should obtain a new license key
containing the correct region code from your local distributor or direct from Motorola.
Alternatively in the short term, you should reduce the maximum transmit power by following
the procedures in ‘
Manually Configuring The Wireless Units’ in section 8.3.4.1.
8.3.4.1 Manually Configuring The Wireless Units
If the installer / system administrator wishes, they may modify the default installation
configuration. If only the IP addresses (network configuration) are incorrect it is recommended
that the values are changed via the configuration menu (Section 8.3.1.2). If any other
parameters require modification then it is recommended that the system administrator use the
Installation Wizard.
A detailed description of the Installation Wizard follows:
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH operational software requires a license key to enable the
wireless bridging capability and programs region code specific parameters in to the unit.
Manually
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 75
Figure 36: License Key Data Entry
A license key is programmed into each unit during production and can be found written on the
Configuration Data Summary Label which is attached to the Quick Install Guide. If
subsequently the license key has been mislaid, replacement keys can be applied for online or
via your distributor.
If a valid license key is not detected in the unit’s non-volatile memory then the user is
prompted to enter a valid key. It should be noted that Canopy 150/300 Mb BH units are
shipped as link pairs and, as such, valid license keys are entered during the production
process. To enter a license key simply type or paste the license key into the data entry box
(Figure 36) and click the ‘validate license key’ button.
8.3.4.2 Internet Protocol Configuration
Step 1 of the installation wizard requires the installer to enter the Internet Protocol (IP)
configuration.
Figure 37: Installation Wizard Internet Protocol Configuration
IP Address Internet protocol (IP) address. This address is used by the family of Internet
protocols to uniquely identify this unit on a network.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 76
Subnet Mask A subnet allows the flow of network traffic between hosts to be segregated
based on a network configuration. By organizing hosts into logical groups, subnetting can
improve network security and performance.
Gateway IP Address The IP address of a computer / router on the current network that acts
as a gateway. A gateway acts as an entrance / exit to packets from / to other networks.
Use VLAN Management Interface This controls whether the management interfaces
(WWW/SNMP/SMTP/SNTP) use a VLAN. Selecting this option presents the user with extra
fields in which to enter the Management VLAN ID, Priority and whether to validate the VLAN
ID. If the user modifies this control that a JavaScript warning dialog is displayed see Figure
38.
Telecoms Interface This allows the activation of the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH telecoms
interface. The selection options are disabled, E1 or T1 note mixed E1/T1 configurations are
not permitted.
Figure 38: VLAN Warning
Once complete click the ‘Submit Internet Protocol Configuration’ button or the ‘Next’ link.
8.3.4.3 Telecoms Interface
If the telecoms interface is configured to either E1 or T1 then the webpage will reconfigure
itself with the following additional configuration options.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 77
Figure 39: Telecoms Data Entry
Telecoms Channel Selection This controls the selection of the telecoms interface standard
supported options or E1 and T1.
Channel A Line Code The line code setting of the telecoms interface. This must match the
setting of the device connected to this interface.
Channel B Line Code The line code setting of the telecoms interface. This must match the
setting of the device connected to this interface.
Cable Length This field is applicable to the T1 operating mode only. It configures the T1
transceiver to output a signal suitable for driving a cable of the specified length. This should
be set to reflect the length of cable between the wireless unit and the connected equipment.
8.3.4.4 Wireless Configuration
Step 2 of the installation wizard requires the installer to enter the wireless configuration
parameters.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 78
Figure 40: Installation Wizard Wireless Configuration
Target MAC Address The MAC Address of the peer unit that will be at the other end of the
wireless link. This is used by the system to ensure the unit establishes a wireless link to the
correct peer.
The MAC Address can be found embedded within the serial number of the unit. The last six
characters of the serial number are the last three bytes of the unit’s MAC address.
(Note: The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH system is shipped as a pair of units with pre-loaded
correct MAC addresses. MAC addresses will only need to be entered if an existing unit has
to be replaced in the field or the unit’s configuration has been erased).
Master Slave Mode At this point it is necessary to decide which end will designated a
Master. The Master unit is the controlling unit with respect to the Point-to-Point link and its
maintenance. The master transmits until the link is made, whilst the Slave listens for its peer
and only transmits when the peer has been identified.
Link Mode Optimization Optimises the link behaviour according to the type of traffic that will
be bridged.
Max Transmit Power This attribute controls the maximum transmit power the unit is
permitted to use when installing and executing the wireless link. The maximum setting for a
particular region or country is controlled by the License Key.
Ranging Mode During installation the wireless units perform automatic ranging. The ranging
mode allows the installer to control the behaviour of the systems automatic ranging
algorithms. The default value is 0 to 40 km
9
TPF
FPT. If the installer is required to install a link of
greater than 40 km then the ranging mode attribute MUST be configured to ‘0 to 100km’ or ‘0
to 200km’ mode depending on the range of the link.
9
TP
PT If preferred Canopy 150/300 Mb BH range functions can be configured to operate in miles, see the
Properties page in section 10.3.15.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 79
Target Range Installers that know the range between the two wireless units to within ± 1 km
can use the target range mode. The main advantage of the target range mode is that it
reduces the time taken by the units to range. To use the target range mode the installer
MUST select Target Range as the ranging mode and enter the approximate range in km in
the Target range data entry field at both ends of the link.
Spectrum Management Control Is used to configure the 150/300 Mbps Backhaul Spectrum
Management features, see section 8.3.6 for more details. i_DFS is the abbreviation for
intelligent Dynamic Frequency Selection, this feature continually monitors the 5.8 GHz
spectrum looking for the channel with the lowest level of on channel and co-channel
interference. Fixed frequency mode allows the installer to fix the transmit and receive
frequencies on the units. The frequencies may be configured symmetrically or
asymmetrically. In WiMAX mode the system administrator / installer can assign WiMAX
compatible channelizations. An additional side effect of configuring the wireless in WiMAX
mode is to enable the WiMAX SNMP MIB support ( Figure 42 ) shows an example of WiMAX
configuration
Lower Center Frequency The 150/300 Mbps Backhaul software allows a user to optionally
adjust the channel center frequencies. The default starting channel center frequency is 5742
MHz. This value can be adjusted between 5740 and 5748 MHz. Changing the Lower Center
Frequency attribute causes all channel center frequencies to be offset. It effectively slides the
channelization up or down.
Warning: The lower centre frequency attribute must be configured to the same value for of
both the master and slave. Failure to do so will cause the wireless link to fail reestablishment.
The only way to recover from this situation is to modify the Lower Center Frequency attribute
so that they are identical on both the master and slave unit.
Fixed Transmit Frequency, Fixed Receive Frequency The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH
software allows a user to optionally fix transmit and receive frequencies for a wireless link.
The settings must be compatible at each end of the link. Once configured the spectrum
management software will not attempt to move the wireless link to a channel with lower co or
adjacent channel interference. Therefore this mode of operation is only recommended for
deployments where the installer has a good understanding the prevailing 5.8 GHz
interference environment Figure 41 shows an example fixed frequency configuration. The
lower center frequency is set to its default values and the Fixed Transmit Frequency is set to
5742 MHz and the Fixed Receive Frequency is set to 5742 MHz. Care must be taken when
configuring the Fixed Transmit and Receive Frequencies to ensure that both frequencies are
on the same 10 MHz channel raster as the Lower Center Frequency. For example both the
Fixed Transmit and Receive Frequencies must be a multiple of 10 MHz from the Lower
Center Frequency (5752 = 5742 + 10 MHz) and (5782 = 5742 + 10 MHz × 3).
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 80
Figure 41: Fixed Frequency Operation
Figure 42: WiMAX operation
Once the installer is satisfied with the wireless configuration options then the “Submit
Wireless Configuration” button or the “Next” link should be clicked.
Installation Tones Where the use of audio installation tones is not required this control
allows the installer to optionally disable the tone generator during the installation process.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 81
Figure 43: Installation Wizard Confirm Configuration
If all the settings are correct and appropriate click the “Confirm Configuration, Arm Installation
and Reboot” button. The user will now be prompted to confirm the action (Figure 44).
Figure 44: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up
All the attributes are committed to non-volatile memory. Immediately following the write to
non-volatile memory the unit is reset.
Note: If you have changed the Ethernet parameters you must reconnect using the correct
network and address settings.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 82
8.3.4.5 Disarm
Step 5 of the installation wizard is the disarm phase.
Figure 45: Disarm Installation
Once section 7.7.11 “Aligning the ODUs” is complete pressing the “Disarm Installation Agent”
button completes the installation process
off. If the installer wishes to modify the installation configuration then the ‘Back’ link can be
used to access the installation wizard steps described above.
After disarming the wireless link the user is presented with one of two possible configuration
pages, see Figure 46 and Figure 47. The screen presents hyperlinks to the main
configuration and spectrum management pages.
10
FPT and the audible installation tone will be switched
10
TP
PT The installation process is completed when both ends of the link are ‘disarmed’.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 83
Figure 46: Optional Post Disarm Configuration 1
After installation the system administrator may wish to modify the wireless unit’s descriptive
configuration (link name and link location). In addition the system administrator may wish to
change the spectrum management configuration of the wireless unit, or look at the analysis of
the 5.8 GHz spectrum to see if the automatic channel selection is appropriate for the system
administrator’s network. It is also recommended that a backup copy of the wireless unit’s
configuration is taken. Hyperlinks are provided on the post disarm page ( Figure 46) for ease
of use.
8.3.5 Graphical Install
To aid the installation of wireless links two graphical installation aids have been introduced in
Canopy 150/300 Mb BH 58200.
• A PDA installation screen
• A larger installation screen available from the main HTTP management interface.
The design of the installation screen has been deliberately kept simple and uncluttered. An
example of the installation screen is shown in (Figure 46) Both the PDA and the large format
installation screen has the same content and only differs in size. The PDA installation screen
is 232 by 220 pixels to be compatible with the average size of a PDA screen.
Wire less Install
Metric
Wireless L ink Status.
Permissible values are: Up,
Registering, Searching and
Acquiring
Trace of receive power over
the previous three minutes
Receive Power Bar,
instantaneous receive
power. The colour of is
green when the wireless
link status is up,
otherwise it is red
Figure 47: Installation Screen
The screen displays the receive power of the last three minutes. This will allow the installer to
slowly sweep the antenna during installation and monitor the variation in signal strength with
angular position. The screen automatically refreshes every three seconds.
The screen also displays the current state of the wireless link in two ways. Firstly the actual
state of the wireless link is written in the top left hand corner of the screen. The instantaneous
receive power bar also encodes the state of the wireless link using green to signify that the
wireless link is up and red for all other states.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 84
For the more technically aware the installation metric is simple the instantaneous receive
power in dBm + 50.
It is hoped that the installation screen will aid the small population of installers that find it
difficult to differentiate the small changes in tonal output when peaking up long range and or
marginal links.
The PDA installation tool is accessed via a hidden URL http://<ip-address>/pda.cgi. It should
be noted that this link is only available after the user has logged in as system administrator.
The large screen version of the graphical user interface is available as a submenu option of
the installation wizard.
8.3.6 Software Upgrade
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH system has two software image banks; one is a fixed image
which is stored in protected non-volatile memory and is not modifiable by the user, the
second bank is used by the system administrator to upgrade the firmware when necessary.
Figure 49 shows the main software upgrade webpage.
Figure 48: Software Upgrade
The ‘Fixed’ or ‘Recovery’ image is used by the System Administrator to:
• Reset Ethernet configuration to default settings
• Erase Configuration
• Upgrade software
For a full description of the Recovery image see section 9 “Recovery Mode
”.
The software upgrade pages are used to update a unit’s operational software. The software
image to be uploaded should be downloaded to local storage from
http://www.motorola.com/canopy
. The software image is delivered by Motorola as a
compressed zip file. Once the zip file has been downloaded the user should extract the
Canopy 150/300 Mb BH Software image, identifiable by its ‘.dld’ file extension.
The first step (Figure 48) is to use the “Browse” button to locate the software image
previously downloaded to local storage. Once the image is located the user should press the
“Upload image to wireless unit” button to start the software upgrade process.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 85
The software image will now be uploaded to the unit where it will be stored in SDRAM until it
is committed to the unit’s non-volatile memory. This upload should only take a few seconds.
Once complete the image is verified and validated to ensure that no errors occurred during
transfer and that the image is valid to run on the current platform. If there are any problems a
warning screen will appear.
The unit being upgraded will now display information about the build it currently has stored in
the image bank and the one that’s just been uploaded. If the image is not the right one the
user has the option to go back and reload a new image. (See
Figure)
Figure 49: Software Upgrade Image Check
The user should ensure that the correct image is shown before pressing the “Program
Software Image into Non-Volatile Memory” button. Once this button has been pressed the
image is stored into non-volatile memory, this process can take up to 60 seconds and must
not be interrupted.
If the upgrade process is interrupted during the erasure of the image bank or during the
reprogramming of the image bank the image bank will be left in a corrupt state. If this occurs
the software must be reloaded. All software images that are stored in FLASH memory are
protected via the use of 32-bit CRCs. If the software detects an invalid CRC the image bank
is marked as ‘corrupt’ and the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH boot code will boot the fixed software
image. If this occurs the user must attempt to reload the correct version of software.
During the write process the progress on the upgrade is displayed on the progress tracking
page (Figure 50). The upgrade process should not be interrupted. Interruption of this process
can result in a corrupt main software image, which will result in the recovery image been
booted at the next reset cycle.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 86
Figure 50: Software Download Progress Indicator
Figure 51: Software Upgrade Complete
When the software image has been written to non-volatile memory (Figure 51) will be
displayed showing the status of the software upload.
Reboot the unit by clicking the “Reboot Wireless Unit” button. You will be asked to confirm
this action as shown in Figure 52.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 87
Figure 52: Reboot Confirmation Pop Up
This will reboot the unit, taking up to 120 seconds, during this time you will not be able to
communicate with the unit.
If you cannot communicate with the unit after 120 seconds this could indicate a problem with
the memory update process. Under these circumstances the user should enter “Recovery
Mode”, see section 9 “
Recovery Mode”.
After the reboot the user should check that the required software image is loaded and
running.
8.3.7 Spectrum Management
Spectrum Management Selection is the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH wireless feature that
monitors the available wireless spectrum and directs both ends of the wireless link to operate
on a channel with the minimum level of co-channel and adjacent channel interference.
8.3.7.1 Wireless Channels
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH wireless operates using a set of predefined overlapping
channels. There are 9 or 10 channels predefined channels, depending on the raster mode
selected, starting at 5742 MHz and ending at 5832 MHz. Each channel occupies 30 MHz of
wireless spectrum and is offset in center frequency from its neighbouring channel by 10 MHz.
It is important to note that adjacent channels on the Spectrum management display have a 10
MHz overlap to the adjacent channel.
The default channelization can be modified by varying the lower center frequency attribute in
the installation wizard - see section 8.3.4.3 “Wireless Configuration” - Lower Center
Frequency.
8.3.7.2 Spectrum Management Measurements
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH wireless units perform two mean signal measurements per TDD
cycle, per channel. This mean measurement represents the mean received signal power for
the 40 µS measurement period.
The Spectrum Management algorithm collects measurements equally from all channels. This
process is called the Channel Availability Check (hereafter referred to by the acronym CAC).
The CAC uses a round-robin channel select process to collect an equal amount of
measurements from each channel. It is important to note that the CAC measurement process
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 88
is not altered by the channel barring process. Measurements are still collected for all
channels irrespective of the number of barred channels.
8.3.7.3 Measurement Analysis
Spectrum Management uses statistical analysis to process the received peak and mean
measurement. The statistical analysis is based on a fixed, one minute, measurement
quantization period. Spectrum Management collects data for the specified quantization period
and only at the end of the period is the statistical analysis performed.
The analysis produces three key metrics for each channel:
• Peak of Means
• 99.9% Percentile of the Means
• Mean of Means
Peak of Means is the largest mean interference measurement encountered during the
quantization period. The peak of means is similar to the peak of peaks and is useful for
detecting slightly longer duration spikes in the interference environment.
99.9% Percentile of the Means is the value of mean interference measurement which 99.9%
of all mean measurements fall below, during the quantization period. The 99.9% percentile
metric is useful for detecting short duration repetitive interference that by its very nature has a
minimal effect of the mean of means.
Mean of Means is the arithmetic mean
period. The mean of means is a coarse measure of signal interference and gives an
indication of the average interference level measured during the quantization period. The
metric is not very good at predicting intermittent interference and is included to show the
spread between the mean of means, the 99.9% percentile and the peak of means.
11
TPF
FPT of the measured means during a quantization
Important Note: Spectrum Management uses the 99.9% percentile as the prime interference
measurement. All subsequent references to interference level refer to this percentile
measurement.
The display of statistical measurement on the spectrum management page always shows a
statistical summary of all channel measurement. The statistical summary is controlled by the
Statistics Window attribute. This attribute defaults to a value of twenty minutes, which means
that the mean and percentile values displayed for each channel are calculated over the 20
minute period. All channel decisions are made using the values computed over the statistics
window period.
8.3.7.4 The Spectrum Management Master / Slave Relationship
By default Spectrum Management operates in a master / slave relationship. The master is
assumed to be the link master configured during installation. All Spectrum Management
configuration changes MUST be performed from the master, to enforce this the Spectrum
Management webpage has a different appearance depending if you are viewing the data from
the master or slave.
All configuration changes are applied at the master only. All configuration changes are
messaged from the master to the slave. Any Spectrum Management configuration messages
received at the slave are stored in non-volatile memory. This enables both master and slave
11
TP
PT The arithmetic mean is the true power mean and not the mean of the values expressed in dBm.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 89
to keep identical copies of Spectrum Management configuration data in their non-volatile
memories. It is therefore possible to swap master and slave roles on an active Point-to-Point
link without modifying Spectrum Management configuration.
Figure 53: Spectrum Management as seen from the Master
Figure 54: Spectrum Management as seen from the Slave
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 90
Figure 53
shows an example Spectrum Management webpage as seen from the master.
Figure 54 shows an example Spectrum Management webpage as seen from the slave. It
should be noted that the key configuration attributes are not available on the slave webpage.
8.3.7.5 Spectrum Management Configuration
The following section describes the user modifiable configuration accessible from the
Spectrum Management webpage. It is recommended that the default values are maintained.
If the user believes that the performance of the Spectrum Management algorithm requires
some modifications this should only be done after consulting your distributor or one of the
Motorola field support engineers.
Refresh Page Period The page refreshes automatically according to the setting entered here
(in seconds).
Hopping Margin Spectrum Management uses this margin when making a channel hop
decision. The target channel has to have an interference level 3 dB (default) better than the
current active channel.
Hopping Period The Spectrum Management algorithm evaluates the metrics every ‘Hopping
Period’ seconds (180 seconds by default) looking for a channel with lower levels of
interference. If a better channel is located then Spectrum Management performs an
automated channel hop. If SNMP or SMTP alerts are enabled an SNMP TRAP or an email
alert is sent warning the system administrator of the channel change.
Hopping Counter is used to record the number of channel hops. The number in the “(+)”
brackets indicates the number of channel changes since the last screen refresh.
Interference Threshold Spectrum Management uses the interference threshold to perform
instantaneous channel hops. If the measured interference on a channel exceeds the specified
threshold, then iDFS will instruct the wireless to immediately move to a better channel. If a
better channel cannot be found then 150/300 Mbps Backhaul will continue to use the current
active channel. (Default –85 dBm)
Asymmetric DFS The default configuration of symmetric operation, constrains the link to
operate symmetrically, using the same transmit and receive channels. When in symmetric
mode the slave unit will always follow the master. If the master moves to a new channel the
slave will hop to the same channel. When the Point-to-Point link is configured as an
asymmetric link both the master and slave are free to select the best channel from their own
set of local interference metrics.
8.3.7.6 Barring Channels
Channels can only be barred / unbarred by the system administrator from the master
Spectrum Management webpage. The barring / unbarring operations are disabled on the
slave webpage. If an attempt to bar / unbar a channel is made at the slave a warning dialog is
generated.
Barring/Unbarring of channels is performed by clicking the appropriate channel on the local or
peer channel spectrum plots on the master webpage. Each bar / unbar attempt will be
proceeded by a confirmation dialog. It should be noted that the channel bar will take effect
immediately and is not related to the measurement quantization period.
8.3.7.7 Local and Peer Channel Spectrum Graphics
Spectrum Management presents its computed statistical measurements in a graphical display
on both the master and slave Spectrum Management webpage.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 91
Figure 55: Example Spectrum Management Graphic
The X-axis shows a stylized view of the 9 or 10 selectable wireless channels. It is important
to note that adjacent channels on the display have a 10 MHz overlap. The display separates
the display of channels to help the clarity of the resultant display. The axis is labelled using
the channel center frequencies in MHz.
The Y-axis shows the interference power levels from –100 to –40 dBm.
The active channel (channel 1 in Figure 55 is always marked using hatched green and white
lines. The width of the hatching is directly proportional the 30 MHz spectral occupancy of the
channel.
The individual channel metrics are displayed using a colored bar, an ‘I’ bar and a peak
symbol.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 92
The colored bar represents the following channel state:
Green Active
The channel is currently in use hosting the Point-to-Point
wireless link
Orange Interference The channel has interference above the interference threshold
The channel has an interference level below the interference
Blue Available
threshold and is considered by the Spectrum Management
algorithm suitable for hosting the Point-to-Point link
The system administrator has barred this channel from use.
Grey Barred
For improved visibility, an additional red ‘lock’ symbol is used
to indicate that a channel is barred.
Table 8: Spectrum Management change state key
The top of the colored bar represents the 99.9% percentile metric for specific channel.
The ‘I’ Bar is used to display the mean of means and peak of means metrics. The lower
horizontal bar represents the mean of means and the upper horizontal bar represents the
peak of means. The vertical bar is used as a visual cue to highlight the statistical spread
between the peak and the mean of the statistical distribution.
8.3.7.8 Active Channel History
The active channel history is a time series display of the channels used by the Canopy
150/300 Mb BH over the last 25 hours. The active channel history is activated from the main
Spectrum Management page using the ‘Active Channel History’ hyperlink. An example of the
active channel history display is shown in Figure 56. Where there are parallel entries on the
display this signifies that the wireless link occupied this channel during the measurement
period. The measurement periods are one minute from zero to sixty minutes and twenty
minutes from 60 minutes to twenty five hours.
Figure 56: Active Channel History Screen
8.3.7.9 Viewing Historic Spectrum Management Metrics
Spectrum Management allows the system administrator to view the results of previous
measurement quantization periods. Holding down the shift key and clicking the appropriate
channel on the local channel spectrum plots activates this feature. This feature is available on
both the master and slave webpage.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 93
Figure 57: Spectrum Management Time Series Plot
Figure 57 shows an example time series plot. A time series plot displays the previous 145
measurement quantization periods. If the Canopy 150/300 Mb BH unit has not been running
for 145 quantization periods then only the number of measurement quantization periods that
are available are displayed.
GREEN Peak of Means interference measurement
BLACK 99.9% percentile of means interference measurement
BLUE Mean of Means interference measurement
Table 9: Spectrum Management Time Series Key
8.3.8 Spectrum Management (Fixed Frequency and WiMAX)
The Canopy 150/300 Mb BH software allows a user to optionally fix transmit and receive
frequencies for a wireless link. Once configured, the spectrum management software will not
attempt to move the wireless link to a channel with lower co and adjacent channel
interference. Therefore this mode of operation is only recommended for deployments where
the installer has a good understanding the prevailing 5.8 GHz interference environment. (See
section 8.3.4.3 “Wireless Configuration” - Fixed Transmit Frequency, Fixed Receive
Frequency). Care must also be taken to ensure that the frequency allocations at each end of
the link are compatible. To help the user when identifying the mode of operation Spectrum
Management uses two visual cues. See Figure 58. The main page title identifies the mode of
operation using the “Fixed Frequency Mode” postfix and the selected channels are identified
by a red capital ‘F’.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 94
Figure 58: Spectrum Management Fixed Frequency Screen
Channel barring is disabled in fixed frequency mode; it is not required as dynamic channel
hopping is prohibited in this mode.
The only controls available to the master are the Statistics Window and Interference
Threshold attributes. They will have no effect on the operation of the wireless link and will
only effect the generation of the channel spectrum graphics.
The active channel history menu is removed in this mode of operation as channel hopping is
prohibited.
8.3.9 Spectrum Management Online Help
Because the Spectrum Management displays contain a large amount of data, symbols and
color references, an online help screen has been provided. This screen is accessible from
both the master and slave web pages.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 95
Figure 59: Spectrum Management Help Page
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 96
Figure 60: Spectrum Management Help Page (Fixed Frequency)
8.3.9.1 Spectrum Management Control (UK)
It should be noted that close range installations in the UK that result in a receive power of
greater that –48 dBm should have their transmit power turn down to minimize the risk of false
radar detections.
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 97
The only controls available to the master is the Interference Threshold attribute. This has no
effect on the operation of the wireless link and will only affect the generation of the channel
spectrum graphics.
A channel marked with a ‘no entry’ symbol with their associated statistics colored black are
the RTT prohibited channels. These channels are never used to host the wireless link, but
CAC measurements are still taken so that adjacent channel biases can be calculated
correctly and so the user can see if RTT equipment is in use.
Figure 61: Spectrum Management (UK) Master Screen
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 98
Figure 62: Spectrum Management (UK) Slave Screen
The colored bar represents the following channel state:
Green Active
The channel is currently in use hosting the Point-to-Point
wireless link
Orange Interference The channel has interference above the interference threshold
The channel has an interference level below the interference
Blue Available
threshold and is considered by the Spectrum Management
algorithm suitable for hosting the Point-to-Point link
The system administrator has barred this channel from use.
Because the low signal levels encountered when a unit is
Grey Barred
powered up in a laboratory environment prior to installation
(which makes the grey of the channel bar difficult to see). An
additional red ‘lock’ symbol is used to indicate that a channel is
barred.
Red
Region
Bar
Radar
Detected
Region Bar
Impulsive Radar Interference has been detected on this
channel.
This channel has been barred from use by the local region
regulator
Table 10: Spectrum Management (UK) change state key
Issue 1.1 April 2006 Page 99
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