Mitsubishi Electronics T-60 User Manual
T-60 Operator’s Manual
P/N 400248-00 Rev.: A3
Date: November1, 1995
T-60 Operator’s Manual
Information furnished by EMERSON EMC is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by EMERSON EMC for its
use. EMERSON EMC reserves the right to change the design or operation of
the equipment described herein and any associated motion products without
notice. EMERSON EMC also assumes no responsibility for any errors that
may appear in this document. Information in document is subject to change
without notice.
P/N 400248-00 Rev.: A3
Date: November 1, 1995
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ii
Customer Services
EMERSON EMC offers a wide range of services to support our customer’s
needs. Listed below are some examples of these services.
Service Support (612) 474-8833
Emerson Electronic Motion Control’s products are backed by a team of
professionals who will service your installation wherever it may be. Our
customer service center in Minneapolis, Minnesota is ready to help you solve
those occasional problems over the telephone. Our customer service center is
available 24 hours a day for emergency service to help speed any problem
solving. Also, all hardware replacement parts, should they ever be needed,
are available through our customer service organization. Need on-site help?
EMERSON EMC provides on-site service, in most cases, the next day. Just
call EMERSON EMC’s customer service center when on-site service or
maintenance is required.
Training Services (612) 474-1116
EMERSON EMC maintains a highly trained staff of instructors to
familiarize customers with EMERSON EMC’s products and their
applications. A number of courses are offered, many of which can be taught in
your plant upon request.
Application Engineering (612) 474-1116
An experienced staff of factory application engineers provide complete
customer support for tough or complex applications. Our engineers offer you
a broad base of experience and knowledge of electronic motion control
applications.
Bulletin Board System (612) 474-8835
EMERSON EMC maintains a BBS which provides you access to software
updates, and technical information and services.
Communications protocol: 300-14,400 baud, N, 8, 1
FAX (612) 474-8711
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Table of Contents
Customer Services............................................................................ii
Introduction....................................................................................... 1
Features............................................................................................. 1
T-60 Overview.................................................................................. 2
Functional Description..................................................................... 2
Installation......................................................................................... 5
Unpacking and Inspection................................................................ 5
Through Panel Mounting ................................................................. 6
System Interconnect......................................................................... 8
Power / RS422 Connector.............................................................. 8
IBM PC-XT Keyboard Connector.................................................. 8
COM1 and COM2 Connectors ...................................................... 9
RS422 and RS485 Communications.............................................9
I/O Connector............................................................................... 11
ApplicationBuilder......................................................................... 13
Getting Started ............................................................................... 13
Simple Example........................................................................... 15
Trouble-Shooting Communications ............................................... 16
Operating Modes............................................................................. 17
Builder Mode................................................................................... 18
Operating the Builder ................................................................. 18
Editor Mode ..................................................................................... 20
Terminal Mode................................................................................ 21
File Menu ........................................................................................ 21
Transfer Menu ................................................................................ 22
Setting Menu................................................................................... 22
Summary of ApplicationBuilder Operation................................... 24
Screen Editor .................................................................................. 27
Editor Capabilities .......................................................................... 27
Help Key....................................................................................... 28
Application Examples ................................................................... 31
Communicating with the Operator................................................ 31
Serial Communications made Simple ........................................... 31
Parallel I/O Made Simple...............................................................32
EMERSON EMC DX Drive Demo Program............................... 32
Installation ................................................................................... 32
Using The T-60 With One or More DX Drives.............................. 34
T-60 Basic Programming Language........................................... 37
Variables, Constants, and Strings................................................. 37
Array Variables............................................................................... 38
Arithmetic Operation...................................................................... 38
Relational Operations..................................................................... 39
Logical Operators ............................................................................ 39
Functional Operators...................................................................... 40
String Operators............................................................................. 40
EMERSON Basic Statements, Commands, and Functions ......... 42
64K Memory Option ....................................................................... 45
Adding Memory Options to the T-60 ............................................. 45
Table of Contents
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T-60 Operator's Manual
Changing ROMS in the T-60.......................................................... 46
Changing the Battery in a T-60 ................................................... 49
Real Time Clock .............................................................................51
Adding the Real -Time Clock to the T-60...................................... 51
Event Driven Software.................................................................. 53
Hardware Reference ..................................................................... 55
Electrical /Mechanical Specifications ............................................ 55
Connector Pin-Out Specifications.............................................. 57
PLC Interface Commands............................................................. 59
Introduction..................................................................................... 59
CALL PLCINIT Statement........................................................... 61
CALL PLCREAD Statement.......................................................... 63
CALL PLCWRITE Statement........................................................ 65
PLC Specific Information ............................................................... 66
-MOD Interface Option ............................................................ 69
-GE9 Interface Option.............................................................. 71
-TI3 Interface Option ............................................................... 73
-TI5 Interface Option ............................................................... 75
-PL5 Interface Option............................................................... 77
-SL5 Interface Option............................................................... 83
CALL PLCREAD Statement ................................................... 85
-OM1 Interface Option............................................................. 89
-PL2 Interface Option (Preliminary)....................................... 93
-IDEC FA-1J\FA2-J Interface Option.................................... 95
-Mitsubishi FX PLC Interface ( -MFX ) .................................. 99
-SQD SQUARE D SY/MAX PLC Interface ........................... 105
Appendix - A List of Figures ...................................................... A-1
Appendix - B List of Tables ........................................................ B-1
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Table of Contents
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Introduction
Features
8 line by 40 character backlit LCD display with graphics.
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Powerful I/O capability.
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– 2 serial ports (1 port can be RS232, RS422, OR RS485).
– 8 parallel I/O lines.
– IBM keyboard interface.
All I/O is optically isolated.
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Fully featured BASIC programming language.
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Interrupt capability.
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Floating point math.
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Formatted data entry graphics.
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Easy to use commands for on-board I/O.
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Introduction
Features
Programmable, context sensitive help key.
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NEMA4 panel mount or wall mount housing.
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Powerful PC-based ApplicationBuilder software included.
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Automatically builds BASIC programs.
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– Place text on the T-60’s screen in a wordprocessor like manner.
– Build comples programs without in-depth knowledge of BASIC.
– Exchange programs between the PC and the T-60.
– Built-in terminal emulator.
Large full-travel 30 key waterproof keypad.
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– 9 soft keys.
– Tactile feedback.
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T-60 Operator's Manual
T-60 Overview
The T-60 Operator Interface Terminal allows you to set up and operate
EMERSON EMC positioning servo drive products. The T-60 provides overall
control and operator interface for any type of controller or computer which
needs an easy to use, intelligent operator interface.
With a T-60 an operator can view and change machine parameters or follow
instructions to perform operations. Operators do not have to set switches,
thumbwheels or indicator lights. A back-lit 8 line by 40 character
“super-twist” LCD display and a large full-travel 30 key waterproof keypad
prompts and “listens” to the operator through machine operations. By
programmming the Help functionkey, operators have as little or as much
“HELP” information as required. The T-60’s LCD screen displays TEXT or
GRAPHICS providing the operator with block diagrams, flow charts, wiring
diagrams and statistical information.
For machine control, the T-60 provides 8 lines of parallel I/O, two serial ports
(one is software configurable to be either RS-232 RS-422, or RS-485), and 8
timers to facilitate machine monitoring and control functions. All I/O’s are
optically isolated and designed to be extremely noise tolerant.
Included with the T-60 is a disk containing the ApplicationBuilder; a PC DOS
program which allows you to quickly generate programs for the T-60. The
ApplicationBuilder generates BASIC programs from simple menu selections
and direct screen entry of text. It consists of three components:
BUILDER - converts menu selections and direct screen text entry into
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BASIC code
EDITOR - performs text editing of BASIC or other ASCII files
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TERMINAL EMULATOR - performs “dumb” terminal operation to talk
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to the T-60.
Integrated into all ApplicationBuilder functions is an UPLOAD/DOWNLOAD
capability and a comprehensive, context sensitive HELP system.
Functional Description
The T-60 is housed in a rugged cast housing which can be flush mounted to an
equipment panel. A full gasket and a rigid mounting system forms a water tight
seal about the opening. The display is sealed and the keypad is constructed of a
water tight silicone rubber. If being water tight is not critical to your application,
the T-60 can be wall mounted with supplied brackets.
The keypad on the front of the T-60 is organized into three color coded
groups:
WHITENumeric Entry
BLUE Action - CURSOR, ENTER, INSERT, DELETE, HELP
YELLOW Function Keys
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Figure 1
Block Diagram
Functional Description
Introduction
The 8 line by 40 character LCD display serves as a display port,
programming tool and soft key label. In the edit mode, the display can be
used to scroll through text, make changes, or debug programs. In the run
mode text, soft key titles and graphics can be displayed under program
control.
The bottom of the T-60 incorporates the entire connector system for parallel
and serial I/O.
Figure 1 diagrams the internal components of the T-60. The heart of the unit
is a high speed 64180, 8 bit high integration CPU chip. The CPU
communicates with UARTS (serial ports), ROM, RAM, TIMERS, and I/O.
Battery backed-up RAM stores programs and variables even if the power is
removed. It can hold a program for over 5 years without power applied. The
opto-isolation circuitry is designed to provide a barrier between the outside
world (I/O ports) and the CPU. This eliminates CPU errors in high noise
environments. The serial and parallel ports have their own power supply to
further insure that noise does not disrupt the CPU’s operation.
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T-60 Operator's Manual
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Installation
This chapter focuses on the steps necessary to unpack and install the T-60.
Read this section before attempting to apply the T-60. System installers
should read this chapter before attempting to install the unit into a cabinet,
or before connecting any electrical power to the T-60.
Unpacking and Inspection
Inspect the T-60’s shipping container. Is there evidence of damage or
mishandling? If damage exists contact your shipping carrier immediately.
EMERSON EMC cannot be held responsible for damage in shipment.
Compare the contents of the container with the packing list which is attached
to the exterior of the shipping container. Your T-60 shipping container
should include the following:
T-60 with installed options
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This manual
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Unpacking and Inspection
Installation
If any items are missing or
damaged, contact EMERSON
EMC immediately.
EMERSON BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE
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ApplicationBuilder diskettes
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Mounting clips (four)
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Mounting brackets (two)
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1/4" 8-32 Screws (four)
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Mounting template
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Optional cables and connectors as indicated on the packing list.
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A null modem cable
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– NMA 9 pin to 9 pin
– NMX 25 pin to 25 pin
TIA-XXX T-60 to DX Amplifier cable
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T-60 Operator's Manual
Figure 2
Panel Cut-Out
Through Panel Mounting
The T-60 is designed to be mounted either through an equipment panel (in a
panel cut-out) or on a flat surface. The through-panel mounting will allow
the T-60 to meet NEMA4 specifications for water resistance, and will also
resist dust, dirt and non corrosive chemicals. Improper installation could
result in damage to the T-60 and other equipment installed in or adjacent to
the panel containing the T-60. For safety reasons please follow these
instructions closely.
1. Prepare the opening in the panel.
a. Tape the enclosed mounting template to the front of the panel in
the desired location (see Figure 2).
b. Drill 3/8 “ inside the cutout to facilitate cutting.
c. Use a sabre saw or some other type of sheet metal cutting device
to cut out along the ”cut here" line.
d. Using a file, carefully remove any burrs or rough edges that may
cut or scratch during the remainder of the installation.
e. Remove the paper template and discard.
2. Carefully insert the T-60 into the hole in the panel from the front side (see
Figure 3).
3. Hold the T-60 to the panel, and insert the mounting clips as shown in
Figure 4.
a. If the T-60 is to be used in continuously wet applications, we recommend
that the installer apply a silicone sealer to the gasket prior to installation.
4. Tighten the mounting clips to secure the T-60 to the front panel.
5. Inspect that the T-60 fits snugly up against the front panel, and that there
are no gaps or holes that may allow water or dirt to enter the cabinet.
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Figure 3
Mounting
Through Panel Mounting
Installation
Figure 4
Mounting Clips
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T-60 Operator's Manual
Figure 5
T-60 Bottom Panel
System Interconnect
The T-60 is designed to meet a variety of applications; therefore, it is
impossible to describe a “standard” interconnect for the T-60. This section
will describe each individual connector on the T-60 and how to apply them.
Power / RS422 Connector
The Power/RS422 Connector is an 8 pin screw terminal type connector which
provides the DC input power and the RS422 / RS485 connections. The T-60 can
accept from 9V to 30V DC at 6 watts. The T-60 actually tries to begin working as
soon as the power source passes 4.5 V. This means that at start-up the current
requirements from the DC power source can exceed 1.3 Amps. This current surge
may cause some power sources to enter current limit rather than to begin working.
For this reason it is recommended that the T-60 be used with a power source
which is uneffected by this type of current surge. Unregulated supplies, linear
power supplies, or high current (2 Amp) switching supplies are recommended.Only
connect the DC power source to the DC IN + and the DC IN -. These inputs are
reverse protected. DO NOT connect the DC power ground to LOGIC GROUND.
Logic Ground, as with all I/O is optically isolated from the I/O. Connecting Logic
Ground to DC IN - will result in lower noise immunity.
For connections to the RS422 connector, refer to section “RS422 and RS485
Connections”.
IBM PC-XT Keyboard Connector
An industry standard IBM PC XT keyboard can be connected into the 5 pin
DIN connector on the bottom panel of the T-60. Some keyboards have
switches which select XT or AT mode. Be sure that the switch is in the XT
mode. Some “auto-switch” type keyboards may not work with the T-60. If
the keyboard you select is an universal keyboard, make sure it has a switch.
Note that the IBM KEYBOARD connector is not optically isolated, and use in
a high noise environment should be avoided. The primary use for this
connector and the IBM keyboard is for program development. If necessary,
remove the keyboard from the connector while running your application.
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COM1 and COM2 Connectors
COM1 and COM2 are the serial port connectors (DB-9 style, male). The
pin-outs for these connectors are as follows:
System Interconnect
Installation
Table 1
COM1 and COM2 Connectors
Pin-Outs
Figure 6
RS232 Minimum Connections
Pin: Connection:
Housing SHIELD
2 RS232 RECIEVE (INPUT)
3 RS232TRANSMIT (OUTPUT)
5 SIGNAL GROUND
These connectors provide connection for serial communications between the
T-60 and a variety of devices. Connections made with this connector are
most commonly referred to as SERIAL PORTS. Examine your application
carefully, and make sure that you have TRANSMIT on the T-60 connected to
the RECEIVE of the device under control, and RECEIVE of the T-60
connected to the TRANSMIT of the device under control.
RS422 and RS485 Communications
The T-60 can communicate via RS422 or RS485 on COM1. When either of
these modes are selected, the RS232 COM1 connector is disabled. To use the
RS422 connections, follow the same conventions outlined for RS232,
connecting outputs on the T-60 to inputs on the device under control, and
inputs on the T-60 to outputs on the device under control. To enable the
RS422 transmitter, refer to the RS422 Statement in the EMERSON EMC
Basic Programming Guide. Figure 7 depicts proper RS422 connections.
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T-60 Operator's Manual
Figure 7
RS422 Connections
To perform RS485 serial communications with the T-60, the RS422
transmitter and receiver lines must be tied together. Since the RS422
transmitters are disabled after power up, it is safe to assume that no line
driver conflicts will occur. Again, refer to the RS422 Statement in the
EMERSON EMC BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE. The electrical
connection between the T-60 and the device under control are shown in
Figure 8.
Figure 8
RS485 Connector
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System Interconnect
I/O Connector
The I/O connector on the T-60 is designed to provide 8 bits of parallel I/O.
Each line can be configured in software to perform input, output, or
bidirectional operations. The pin-out is an industry standard 20 pin ribbon
cable, compatible with industry standard PB-8 boards. Pinout as follows
(even numbered pins - logic ground):
Installation
Table 2
I/O Connector Pin-Out
Pin: Function:
19 +5V DC OUT*
17 I/O 0
15 I/O 1
13 I/O 2
11 I/O 3
9 I/O 4
8 I/O 5
5 I/O 6
3 I/O 7
The schematic in Figure 9 represents one I/O bit on the 8-bit I/O interface.
All of the other 7 bits are identical. U1 is a CMOS receiver which is
constantly monitoring the status of the I/O line. Its input is current limited
by R2 and pulled up by R1. A current limit (R2) is needed to allow the I/O
pin to exceed the supply voltage of U1 without damage. Notice that the
pull-up (R1) is a fairly high value (22K ohms). This allows the user to
connect any voltage from 5 to 30VDC to the pin without damage to the
pull-up resistor. U1 senses a logic high (1) on the I/O pin at 3.2 V and a logic
low (0) on the I/O pin at 1.4 V regardless of the externally applied pull-up
voltage.
U2 is an open collector output driver which can withstand 30 V and 30 MA
load. When a BASIC program writes a 1 to the output port, U2 is off,
allowing the pull-up resistor (R1) or the user’s externally connected pull-up to
pull the I/O line high. It is possible in this condition for an external device
like a switch to pull the line low thereby allowing the input U1 to sense a
logic low. When a BASIC program writes a 1 to the output port, the output
transistor in U2 turns on, thereby driving the I/O line low. When the T-60
powers up, all I/O lines are driven to a 1, thereby allowing the I/O pins to
operate as inputs.Use the OUT and INP commands to program the T-60’s 8
bit I/O port. They are described in detail in the EMERSON EMC BASIC
PROGRAMMING GUIDE.
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T-60 Operator's Manual
Figure 9
One Channel of the 8 Bit I/O
Support for the T-60’s 8 bit I/O has been provided by the following
commands. Some commands refer to 24 bits of I/O instead of 8. This reflects
the compatability between the T-60 and the T-61 (the T-61 has 24 bits of I/O
standard while the T-60 has 8 bits of I/O). The T-60 can only use the lower 8
bits of these commands.
INP Input port data
IO24 Specify an I/O bit pattern to generate an interrupt.
ON IO24 Interrupt on an I/O bit pattern
OUT Output port data
These commands are described in the EMERSON EMC BASIC USERS
GUIDE in a manner which works with both the EMERSON EMC T-61 and
T-60. The specific changes are as follows:
INP Input range of 0 to 255.
IO24 Bit pattern ranges: “0”, “1” or “X” through “00000000”,
“11111111”, or “XXXXXXXX”. the input may still be a
string variable.
ON IO24 Unchanged.
OUT Output range 2 to 255. The MAP function works over
the range of: “0”, “1” or “X” through “00000000”,
“11111111”, or “XXXXXXXX”.
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There are similar restrictions on the use of the EVENT DRIVEN SOFTWARE.
I/O ranges are limited to 8 bits. If you have questions about the EVENT DRIVEN
SOFTWARE and the T-60, please contact EMERSON EMC.
ApplicationBuilder
Included with your T-60 is a disk containing the ApplicationBuilder, a PC
program which allows you to quickly generate programs for the T-60. The
ApplicationBuilder generates BASIC programs from simple menu selections
and direct screen entry of text. It consists of three components: the
BUILDER, which converts menu selections and direct screen text entry into
BASIC code; the EDITOR which performs text editing of BASIC or other
ASCII files; and a TERMINAL EMULATOR which can perform “dumb”
terminal operation to talk to the T-60. Integrated into all ApplicationBuilder
functions is an UPLOAD/DOWNLOAD capability and a comprehensive,
context sensitive HELP system.
Getting Started
Running the ApplicationBuilder is quite simple, and requires no special
software skills. First you must connect the T-60 to your PC. Connect one
end of the NULL MODEM cable to COM2 on the T-60 and the other end to
an available serial port on your PC (either COM1 or COM2). Note which
serial port on the PC that you have connected to (for information on the serial
ports for your PC refer to your PC’s instruction manual).
ApplicationBuilder
Getting Started
Figure 10
Serial Connections
The ApplicationBuilder is supplied on two 5 1/4" diskettes and on one 3 1/2"
diskette. Make back-up copies of your diskettes before attempting to use
them. Save your original ApplicationBuilder diskettes in a safe place.
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T-60 Operator's Manual
If your system has a hard drive, copy the contents of either of the diskettes
onto the hard drive (make a separate directory first for ease of use). If you do
not have a hard drive, place the disk labeled DISK 1 into your diskette
drive.Log onto the drive with the ApplicationBuilder on it (i.e.. type A: or B:
or C: followed by Enter). Type BUILD followed by Enter to run the
ApplicationBuilder. If you wait a few minutes and your screen remains
blank, remove the disk and reboot your computer. Re-run the
ApplicationBuilder by logging onto the dirve containing the
ApplicationBuilder and typing BUILD X followed by Enter.
The ApplicationBuilder will start up for the first time in LCD mode (the simplest
display mode). If your computer has a color monitor, selecting the SETTINGS
menu by pressing ALT-S, and choose the COLOR selection by moving the cursor to
the COLOR text followed by ENTER. This will display ApplicationBuilder screens
in color. The change you have just made will be recorded to a configuration file on
disk, so subsequent operation of the program will be in color.
To select the COM port on your PC which is connected to the T-60, press ALT-S to
pull down the SETTINGS menu. Choose either COM 1 or COM 2 depending upon
which port the null modem cable is connected to on your PC. Perform the selection
in the same manner described above. Again, the settings will automatically be
saved for you when you exit the ApplicationBuilder program.
Figure 11
Builder Mode Screen
Figure 15 shows the layout of the BUILD screen. It is comprised of four basic
components. At the top there is the MENU BAR. This is where the pull-down
menus for operating the ApplicationBuilder originate. In the center is the
PSEUDOCODE GENERATION area. This is where English language program
statements which we call PSEUDOCODE are placed and edited. In the lower left
is the SIMULATION of the T-60’s screen. This represents the 8 line by 40
character LCD screen on the T-60. The lower right contains descriptions for the
function keys. These keys are used to generate the PSEUDOCODE.
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ApplicationBuilder
Getting Started
Simple Example
To demonstrate the power of the ApplicationBuilder, a very simple example
program will be read from disk, viewed, converted to BASIC, downloaded,
and run.
Select the FILE menu (ALT-F) and OPEN (move the cursor or type O)
followed by ENTER. You will see a window appear which contains a listing
of the demonstration builder files on the ApplicationBuilder diskette. Move
the highlight to EASY.BLD and press ENTER. The PSEUDOCODE for
EASY.BLD will appear on the screen. Scroll up and down through the
PSEUDOCODE with the cursor keys. Here is a listing of the PSEUDOCODE
for EASY.BLD:
- GOTO SCREEN begin
*>SCREEN begin
- PUT TEXT AT (7,7): “PRESS THE ‘MORE’ SOFTKEY”
- PUT LARGE TEXT AT (3,3): “TO THE BUILDER”
- PUT HUGE TEXT AT (2,1): “WELCOME”
- SOFTKEY (1) “MORE” GOTO SCREEN morescr
- SOFTKEY WAIT
*>SCREEN morescr
- PUT LARGE TEXT AT (3,1): “EMERSON EMC”
- PUT LARGE TEXT AT (2,2): “MAKES PROGRAMMING”
- PUT HUGE TEXT AT (3,2): “EASY!!”
- DELAY 2000
- GOTO SCREEN begin
- END OF PSEUDOCODE
Observe the first two lines and the last line of the PSEUDOCODE. These
three lines are automatically inserted by the BUILDER. You may have
noticed them on the screen before you retrieved EASY.BLD from disk. These
lines cannot be deleted, edited or moved. They are essential for the builder’s
operation. Notice that each line begins with a dash (-) or a * sequence. These
tell the BUILDER that the line is PSEUDOCODE, and what to do with it.
A line starting with * is a new screen, while a line starting with a dash is
PSEUDOCODE that will execute for that screen. Don’t worry about
generating these special symbols, the BUILDER does that for you.
Next move the cursor (blinking block) over the “*SCREEN begin”
PSEUDOCODE. Notice that the SIMULATION OF THE T-60’S SCREEN
contains text. This is the text which will be placed on the T-60 actual screen
when BASIC is generated and the program is run on the T-60. Now try
placing the cursor over the fourth line:
- PUT TEXT AT (7,7): “PRESS THE ‘MORE’ SOFTKEY”
Press ENTER. Notice that the “PRESS THE ‘MORE’ SOFTKEY” is
highlighted on the T-60’s screen. If you hold down the SHIFT key and move
the cursor key, the text block will move on the screen. Notice that the two
numbers in parentheses are changing. This action changes the place where
the BUILDER will place the BASIC text string when the PSEUDOCODE is
converted to BASIC.Press ESC (leave the program unchanged). If you were
to press ENTER, new position would have been saved.
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T-60 Operator's Manual
Press SOFTKEY F5. This is how you select PSEUDOCODES to place on
screen. Type an S. Press ENTER. The SCREEN PSEUDOCODE has been
selected. This allows you to type text directly on the screen. Press ESC
(leave the program unchanged).
Press SOFTKEY F8. This softkey generates BASIC. You may be asked if
you wish to write over the existing BASIC program: answer “Y” for YES or
press ENTER (if the ApplicationBuilder has been used before, the file
EASY.BAS may already exist on the disk). Notice that the number of basic
lines generated are displayed on screen during this process. You will be
asked if you want to load the BASIC program into the EDITOR, answer YES.
You will be asked if you want to save EASY.BLD, answer NO since you did
not change anything (or mean to change anything!).
The BASIC program generated by EASY.BLD is now loaded into the
EDITOR. The EDITOR has the normal attributes of a text editor. CUT /
PASTE / INSERT / etc. To select a block of text to cut or copy, move the
cursor to the start of the text block and hold down the shift key and move the
cursor to the end of the block. The selected block will be highlighted. You
may now CUT copy COPY the text in the selected block by using the
functions in the EDIT menu. Try pressing F1 to further examine the
capabilities of the EDITOR. After examining the BASIC code generated, let’s
download it into the T-60.
Press ALT-T and select Download Disk File (by selecting it and pressing
Enter or by typing “D”). Select EASY.BAS and press ENTER. This begins
the download process from the PC to the T-60. While data is transferred
between the PC and the T-60, a counter will show the number of bytes being
transferred. When the process is complete, the program has been
downloaded. Press F1 (RUN) on the T-60. You should see the screens and
softkeys that were present on the SIMULATION OF THE T-60’S SCREEN
on the PC.
Once you have successfully downloaded and run EASY.BLD, try loading,
examining, and compiling other programs on the ApplicationBuilder
diskette. Some programs are only available in BASIC form. They may be
loaded with the ApplicationBuilder even though their corresponding
BUILDER file is not present.
Trouble-Shooting Communications
If your attempt at down-loading a program to the T-60 was unsuccessful,
check the serial port connections between the T-60 and the PC. Look for the
following things:
1. Is power applied to the T-60?
2. Is one end of the NULL MODEM cable connected to COM 2 of the T-60?
If it is not, reconnect it to COM 2.
16
3. Which port on the PC is the other end of the serial cable connected to:
COM 1 or COM 2? Does this match with the selections made in the
SETTINGS menu? If you are unsure, recheck the SETTINGS menu
(ALT-S) and make sure that you have the correct setting.
4. Are the NULL MODEM cable connectors securely seated into their
respective sockets? Try tightening the hold-down screws on the NULL
MODEM cable.
5. Are you using the NULL MODEM cable supplied by EMERSON EMC?
If not, check the cable for correct configuration.
6. Do you have memory resident programs loaded (TSR programs) which
are presently running on your PC (disk spoolers, communications drivers,
etc.)? If so disable or remove them. TSR’s may cause problems with the
serial port operation.
Operating Modes
This portion of the manual has been created from excerpts of the on-line HELP
which is integrated into the ApplicationBuilder program. If you feel comfortable
with the discussion so far, go ahead and try the ApplicationBuilder on your own.
If you need help at any time, press F1. A help message will appear which will
describe the operation required to run the ApplicationBuilder. After trying out
the ApplicationBuilder, read this section of the manual to master its power.
Section “Summary of ApplicationBuilder” contains a keystroke summary.
ApplicationBuilder
Operating Modes
The ApplicationBuilder consists of three basic operating modes: BUILDER,
EDITOR, and the TERMINAL modes. These modes are selected by the
MODE menu. When the ApplicationBuilder begins, it starts up in the
BUILDER mode. To change modes, use the MODE menu. The Mode menu
gives you access to the Builder, the Editor, and the Terminal Modes of the
ApplicationBuilder. You can switch from mode to mode without closing the
current document allowing you to work on a number of things at once. You
also quit the program from the Mode menu. You can access the Mode menu
by hitting the <Esc> key or Alt-M.
BUILDER - The Builder Mode is the mode you utilize to use a user friendly
program generation environment to help you develop your BASIC program
to run on your T-60. Typing “B” while anywhere in the Mode menu will also
activate this command.
EDITOR - The Editor Mode is basically a standard text editor where you can
develop and modify your BASIC programs. Not only can you cut, copy, and
paste blocks of text, but you can also renumber your BASIC programs in the
Editor. Typing “E” while anywhere in the Mode menu will also activate this
mode.
TERMINAL - The Terminal Mode basically turns your computer into a
dumb terminal that communicates directly to the T-60’s interface. For all
practical purposes, key strokes entered onto your computer keyboard are
echoed on the interface screen. Typing “T” while anywhere in the Mode
menu will also activate this command.
RUN TUTORIAL - This selection provides a guided tour of the
ApplicationBuilder. Text will be placed on-screen with examples of how to
run the ApplicationBuilder.
QUIT - Exits the ApplicationBuilder program and returns you to DOS.
Typing “Q” while anywhere in the Mode menu will also activate this
command.
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T-60 Operator's Manual
Builder Mode
The Builder Mode is the heart of the ApplicationBuilder package. It allows
you to easily develop a control and interface program, test the operator
interface functionality of the program, and then generate the proper BASIC
code to run in a T-60. You accomplish this by generating “Pseudocode”. You
can enter a line of Pseudocode by pressing F5, finding the appropriate
Pseudocode for the task you want to accomplish, pressing Enter, and
following the instructions for entering the requested data. You write a
program in Pseudocode that represents what you want the interface and
control program to do. Not all of the functionality of the Emerson BASIC is
represented in Pseudocodes. At any time in the process of generating the
program you find that you need functionality that the current Pseudocodes
don’t provide, you can press F6 and enter BASIC directly. Once you have a
Pseudocode (and possibly Basic) representation of what you want your
program to do, you press F8 which converts your Pseudocode program into a
line numbered BASIC program.
The EDITOR functions are available while operating the BUILDER. You can
cut and copy text blocks from one section of your Pseudocode to another.
Refer to the EDITOR for operation examples.
Operating the Builder
The box in the lower left hand corner of your computer screen is a
representation of your T-60’s screen. While you are generating your
Pseudocode program, any line of code that generates information that will be
displayed on the LCD display will show up here. Text, soft key labels,
placeholders for variable and operator numeric entry will all show up and can
be moved to any legal location you desire. You will find that as you move the
cursor down from Pseudocode line to Pseudocode line, the screen will build up
one line at a time in synchronization with the Pseudocode line you are on.
There are a few other important keys and keystrokes to keep in mind. Ctrl-Y
will delete the line of Pseudocode where the cursor is currently located. Cut,
Copy and Paste are all functions which allow blocks of Pseudocode to be
manipulated. Pressing F5 when the cursor is on a line of Pseudocode will
add a new line of Pseudocode above the cursor location. Pressing Enter while
on a line of Pseudocode will allow you to edit that line.The Pseudocode you
generate will be organized into Screens. Each screen will have a name
(defined by the SCREEN Pseudocode). The GOTO screen and SOFTKEY
Pseudocodes will allow your program to move from screen to screen. F2, F3,
and F4 help you navigate through your Pseudocode program as you are
developing it. If you are on a line of Pseudocode that defines a GOTO or
GOSUB to a screen or a label and press F2, the cursor will move to the
beginning of that screen or to that label. F4 will send you to the beginning of
the next screen definition. F3 will send you to the beginning of the previous
screen definition. These function keys become increasingly helpful as your
programs get longer and more involved.
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ApplicationBuilder
Builder Mode
Entering Pseudocode falls into two categories: Entering/placing text on the
screen and everything else. Pseudocodes that have nothing to do with text on
screen are relatively simple. Each bit of information needed to complete a
Pseudocode command is asked for one piece at a time. You can get from
entry to entry with the Tab key or the Enter key. The Enter key causes you
to exit the Pseudocode entry box once everything has been defined. The Tab
key takes you from entry to entry and from the last entry to the first without
exiting the screen. Shift-Tab takes you backwards.On Screen entry allows
you to do even more powerful things. Any command that generates text to be
placed on the screen takes advantage of On Screen Editing. The SCREEN
command allows you to place regular text, large text and huge text at any
location on the screen. When entering text on screen, you are always in
overtype mode. You change text sizes with the Tab key. Once you are done
typing the text to be displayed on the screen, you press Enter and are then
prompted for a name for the screen. Once that is done (and you press Enter
again) you will see that a series of PUT TEXT commands have been
generated. Whenever you are entering a new PUT TEXT command or
editing an existing one, your cursor will be on the screen. You can add or
change text or move it around. To move text, you hold down the Shift key
and then press Cursor keys to move the text to the desired location. Once
you have the proper text on the screen in the proper location, press Enter to
generate the Pseudocode.
Certain Pseudocodes (like PUT NUMBER) allow you to specify numeric
formats for printing numbers on the screen. You may specify a digit place
holder with a # character. Use the decimal point (.) character for specifying
the location of the decimal point. Use a plus(+) or minus (-) sign to specify
the use of a sign. If you want scientific notation, use an E. For example:
##.### Specifies from 0.000 to 99.999
+#.# Specifies from -9.9 to +9.9
### Specifies from 0 to 999
PUT TEXT has the capability to place text from string variables directly on
screen. The actual process to place the variable may seem a little confusing
at first. To place the contents of a string variable with the PUT TEXT
Pseudocode, press F5 followed by P. Select PUT TEXT with the cursor, press
Enter. You are now in “ON SCREEN” text entry (i.e. your cursor is on the
simulated T-60 screen and blinking). Move the cursor to the desired starting
location of the text string. Type a dollar sign ($) followed by Enter. A new
window will appear in the Pseudocode entry area which will ask for the name
of the string variable (a string variable must end with a dollar sign ($)).
Enter the string variable and press return.
Selecting Pseudocode is simple. Pressing F5 displays a list of Pseudocodes
that you can choose. The Pseudocode selection screen displays the
Pseudocode list, the currently selected Pseudocode, and some helpful
information about the currently selected Pseudocode. If you press Enter, you
will go to the entry screen (if one is needed) for the currently selected
Pseudocode. You can use the Up and Down Arrows, as well as the Page Up
and Page Down keys, to scroll through the Pseudocodes. You can also press a
letter key to get to the first command in the Pseudocode list that begins with
that letter. For instance, if you are in the list and press S, you will go to the
SCREEN command location in the Pseudocode list.
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T-60 Operator's Manual
Editor Mode
Editor Mode is a text editor allowing you to edit files off line from any serial
device (such as a T-60.) This allows you to write and modify programs away
from your machine and to use more powerful editing features than BASIC
has built in. With the Editor, you can easily Cut, Copy, and Paste blocks of
text from one area or program to another. You can even cut or copy text in
the Editor and paste it into the Builder and vice versa.
To select text to cut or copy, you position the Cursor at one end of the block of
text in question. Then hold down the Shift key as you move the cursor with
the Arrow keys and Page up/Page down keys. You then select Cut or Copy
from the Edit menu. You can also use Shift-Delete or Ctrl-Insert,
respectively, to perform the same functions. You can Paste the text
anywhere you put the cursor (or over any block of text you choose) by
choosing Paste from the Edit menu or by using Shift-Insert.
When you cut or copy text from a document, it is saved in the “Clipboard.”
You can view the clipboard at any time by choosing View Clipboard from the
Edit menu. You will notice that the last block that was cut or copied is
highlighted and that many of the previous cut or copied blocks are still in the
clipboard. If you would rather paste a previously cut or copied block of text,
just highlight that block, return to your document, and paste that previously
(and now currently) chosen text. The following sub menus appear when you
select the EDITOR MENU:
CUT - Text removes the currently selected text and places it in the clipboard.
It can then be pasted into another location or file. Typing “T” while
anywhere in the Edit menu will also activate this command.
COPY - Text takes a copy of the currently selected text and places it in the
clipboard. It can then be pasted into another location or file. Typing “C”
while anywhere in the Edit menu will also activate this command.
PASTE - Text takes the currently selected text from the clipboard and pastes
it into the currently selected location in your document. Unless you explicitly
select otherwise in the clipboard, the text that is pasted will be the last block
of text cut or copied. Typing “P” while anywhere in the Edit menu will also
activate this command.
SHOW - Clipboard opens the clipboard so you can view its current contents.
You can also select text other than the most recently cut or copied text to
paste into a document just by highlighting a different section of text. Typing
“S” while anywhere in the Edit menu will also activate this command.
RENUMBER - Lines acts just like the BASIC “RENUM” command if you
have a BASIC file with a .BAS file extension loaded into the Editor. This will
be handy if you have to insert a large number of lines of code into a BASIC
program in the Editor. Typing “R” while anywhere in the Edit menu will
also activate this command.
20
Terminal Mode
The Up and Down cursor keys
are not currently functional.
If you want to move up or
down on the screen, you must
do it from the cursor keys on
your T-60. If you are editing a
line of BASIC, use the EDIT
command which will position
the cursor on the line you
want to change.
File Menu
ApplicationBuilder
File Menu
Terminal Mode basically turns your computer into a dumb terminal.
Virtually all keys that you hit on your keyboard are sent directly over the
serial link from your PC to T-60. Also, anything sent out of the Emerson
device’s serial port connected to your PC will show up on the screen of your
PC when in Terminal Mode. In effect, using the Terminal Mode to
communicate with the T-60 is quite a bit like typing on a keyboard plugged
into the keyboard port on your Emerson T-60 (the exception being the use of
<Ctrl> and function keys).
If you enter Terminal Mode and have problems communicating, verify that
you have the correct COM port selected in the Settings Menu and that you
have a null modem cable between that COM port and COM2 on your
Emerson product. Once you have verified this setup, select Start
Communications from the Terminal menu to get things going.
The File menu is used to manipulate files. You begin a New file, Open a
preexisting file, Save a file, save a file under a different name, or Print a file.
If you need to get to DOS briefly, the DOS Shell command allows you to go to
DOS and get back easily. You can access the File menu by hitting Alt-F. The
following selections appear when you select the File menu:
NEW - closes any currently open file and starts a new one. This only affects
the currently active mode. Typing “N” while anywhere in the File menu will
also activate this command.
OPEN - allows you to close any currently open file and open the file of your
choice. You will be prompted to select from a list of acceptable files or you
can type in the path and filename directly. Typing “O” while anywhere in the
File menu will also activate this command.
SAVE - immediately saves the currently active file to the most recent
filename assigned to it. Typing “S” while anywhere in the File menu will also
activate this command.
SAVE_AS - saves the currently active file, but it first prompts you to specify
a new path and/or file name. Typing “A” while anywhere in the File menu
will also activate this command.
PRINT - prints the currently active file to the default printer. Typing “P”
while anywhere in the File menu will also activate this command.
DOS SHELL - Selecting DOS Shell will send you back to DOS to take care of
some brief task. Typing “exit” will then return you to the ApplicationBuilder.
Typing “D” while anywhere in the File menu will also activate this
command.
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T-60 Operator's Manual
Transfer Menu
The Transfer menu is used to transfer files back and forth between your T-60
and your PC. You can Download from the PC to the Emerson T-60 or Upload
from the product to your PC. You can also Verify whether a program in your
interface matches one on your PC or not. You can also Start and verify
communication between the two devices. You can access the Transfer menu
by hitting Alt-T. The following selections appear when you select the
TRANSFER MENU:
DOWNLOAD Disk File - transfers a file from your PC to the T-60. You will
be prompted to select a currently saved BASIC file, or you can enter in the
filename of the program directly. Typing “D” while anywhere in the Transfer
menu will also activate this command.
UPLOAD Disk File - transfers a file from your T-60 to your PC. You will be
prompted to select a filename for the uploaded file. You can save it as an
existing filename thereby overwriting the existing file with the uploaded file,
or you can assign a new name to the uploaded file. Typing “U” while
anywhere in the Transfer menu will also activate this command.
VERIFY Disk File - compares a selected file on disk in your PC with the file
currently loaded in the T-60. This allows you to determine which versions of
your BASIC programs exist in the PC and the Emerson T-60. This is useful
if, for instance, you are not sure if you have made changes in your program in
the Emerson T-60 which are not saved on disk. If you do a Verify Disk File
with the latest version you have on disk, and they are different, you know
that something has changed in the T-60 since you last downloaded the
program. Typing “V” while anywhere in the Transfer menu will also activate
this command.
START COMMUNICATIONS - does a number of things that will be useful
to you. First, it stops the execution of any program currently running in your
T-60. It then enables remote communication and verifies that the
communication link is working correctly. Any time you cannot seem to
communicate with your Emerson T-60, verify that you have the correct COM
port selected in the Settings Menu and that you have a null modem cable
between that COM port and COM2 on your Emerson T-60. Once you have
verified this setup, select Start Communications to verify the setup. Typing
“C” while anywhere in the Transfer menu will also activate this command.
Setting Menu
The Settings menu is used to configure your PC. You can specify the
configuration of your PC’s serial ports and which serial port you will be using
to communicate with your T-60. You can also configure the
ApplicationBuilder to use colors which match the capability of your computer
screen. You can access the Settings menu by hitting Alt-S. The following sub
menus appear when you select the SETTINGS MENU:
22
SELECT COM1 - Highlighting COM1 and pressing 07
selects COM1 as the active COM port in your PC for communication with
your T-60. Typing “1” while anywhere in the Settings menu will also activate
COM1.
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