Milton CAT 320D L User Manual

Engine

Engine Model Cat®C6.4 ACERT™
Net Flywheel Power 110 kW 148 hp

Weights

Operating Weight – 20 330 kg 44,820 lb
Std. Undercarriage

• Reach boom, R2.9B1 (9 ft 6 in) Stick, 0.9 m3(1.18 yd3)
Bucket, 600 mm (24 in) Shoes

Operating Weight – 21 570 kg 47,554 lb
Long Undercarriage

• Reach boom, R2.9B1 (9 ft 6 in) Stick, 0.9 m3(1.18 yd3)
Bucket, 800 mm (32 in) Shoes

320D L

Hydraulic Excavator

®

®

2

320D L Hydraulic Excavator

The D Series incorporates innovations for improved performance and versatility.

The Caterpillar 320D L excavator provides
all the elements to give you the lowest cost
to own and operate. At the end of the day,
it all comes down to how much work you
got done and how much did it cost you.
Caterpillar and the 320D L offer you the
tools to help lower your owning and
operating costs.

Service and Maintenance

Fast, easy service has been designed
in with extended service intervals,
advanced filtration, convenient filter
access and user-friendly electronic
diagnostics for increased productivity
and reduced maintenance costs. pg. 12

✔

Versatility

Caterpillar offers a wide variety of
factory-installed attachments that
enhance performance and job site
management. pg. 11

Operator Comfort

Provides maximum space, wider
visibility and easy access to switches.
The monitor is a full-color graphical
display that allows the operator to
understand the machine information
easily. Overall, the new cab provides
a comfortable environment for the
operator. pg. 6

✔

Hydraulics

The hydraulic system has been designed
to provide reliability and outstanding
controllability. An optional Tool
Control System provides enhanced
flexibility. pg. 5

C6.4 with ACERT™ Technology

ACERT™ Technology works at the
point of combustion to optimize engine
performance and provide low exhaust
emissions to meet U.S. EPA Tier 3
emission regulations, with exceptional
performance capabilities and proven
reliability. pg. 4

✔

✔ New Feature

3

Complete Customer Support

Your Cat®dealer offers a wide range
of services that can be set up under a
customer support agreement when you
purchase your equipment. The dealer
will help you choose a plan that can
cover everything from machine
configuration to eventual replacement.

pg. 13

Work Tools – Attachments

A variety of work tools, including
buckets, couplers, hammers, and shears
are available through Cat®Work Tools.

pg. 10

✔

Booms, Sticks and Bucket Linkages

The bucket linkage pins on the mass
excavation configuration have been
enlarged to improve reliability and
durability. pg. 9

Structures

Caterpillar®design and manufacturing
techniques assure outstanding durability
and service life from these important
components. pg. 8

Cat C6.4. The Cat C6.4 with ACERT™
Technology introduces a series of
evolutionary, incremental improvements
that provide breakthrough engine
technology. The building blocks of
ACERT Technology are fuel delivery,
air management and electronic control.
ACERT Technology optimizes engine
performance while meeting U.S. EPA
Tier 3 emission regulations. With its
proven technology, robust components
and precision manufacturing, you can
count on this engine to power up at start
time and keep working productively all
shift long.

Performance. The 320D, equipped
with the C6.4 engine with ACERT™
Technology, provides 7 percent more
power as compared to the 3066TA in
the 320C L. The additional power
delivers a speed and efficiency
advantage in high production
applications.

Automatic Engine Speed Control.

The two-stage, one-touch control
maximizes fuel efficiency and reduces
sound levels.

ADEM™ A4 Engine Controller.

The ADEM A4 electronic control
module manages fuel delivery to get the
best performance per liter of fuel used.
The engine management system provides
flexible fuel mapping, allowing the
engine to respond quickly to varying
application needs. It tracks engine and
machine conditions while keeping the
engine operating at peak efficiency.

Electronic Control Module.

The Electronic Control Module (ECM)
works as the “brain” of the engine’s
control system, responding quickly to
operating variables to maximize engine
efficiency. Fully integrated with sensors
in the engine’s fuel, air, coolant, and
exhaust systems, the ECM stores and
relays information on conditions such
as rpm, fuel consumption, and
diagnostic information.

Fuel Delivery. The Cat C6.4 features
electronic controls that govern the fuel
injection system. Multiple injection
fuel delivery involves a high degree
of precision. Precisely shaping the
combustion cycle lowers combustion
chamber temperatures, generating
fewer emissions and optimizing fuel
combustion. This translates into more
work output for your fuel cost.

Cooling System. The cooling fan
is directly driven from the engine.
An electrically controlled viscous clutch
fan is available as an attachment to reduce
fan noise. The optimum fan speed is
calculated based on the target engine
speed, coolant temperature, hydraulic
oil temperature and actual fan speed.
When fan speed is reduced, there’s more
power available for other functions –
and less fuel is burned.

4

C6.4 with ACERT™ Technology

The Cat®C6.4 gives the 320D exceptional power and fuel efficiency unmatched in the
industry for consistently high performance in all applications.

Component Layout. To optimize
efficiency of hydraulic performance,
the hydraulic components are located
close together, which reduces friction
loss and pressure drops in the lines.

System Pressure. System pressure has
been increased to 35,000 kPa (5,076 psi),
which attributes to improved
performance:

• Increased stick and bucket forces
(up 7 percent higher than the 320C)
to better handle those tight digging
conditions

• More drawbar pull (206 kN –
46,322 lb) to provide more ability
to climb slopes, easier spot turns and
improved travel in poor underfoot
conditions

• More lift capacity, generally over
the front where you are generally
hydraulically limited

Heavy Lift. The 320D features the
addition of a heavy lift, which increases
system pressure to 36,000 kPa (5,220 psi),
giving even more lift capacity over
the front. Heavy Lift is activated be
depressing the soft switch on the right
hand console. As the pressure increases,
the engine speed is reduced, which allows
better control while lifting objects.

Pilot System. The pilot pump is
independent from the main pumps and
controls the front linkage, swing and
travel operations.

Hydraulic Cross Sensing System.

The hydraulic cross sensing system
utilizes each of two hydraulic pumps to
100 percent of engine power, under all
operating conditions. This improves
productivity with faster implement
speeds and quicker, stronger pivot turns.

Boom and Stick Regeneration Circuit.

Boom and stick regeneration circuit
saves energy during boom-down and
stick-in operation which increases
efficiency, reduces cycle times and
pressure loss for higher productivity,
lower operating costs and increased
fuel efficiency.

Auxiliary Hydraulic Valve. The auxiliary
valve is standard on the 320D. Control
Circuits are available as attachments,
allowing for operation of high and
medium pressure tools such as shears,
grapples, hammers, pulverizers,
multi-processors and vibratory plate
compactors.

Hydraulic Cylinder Snubbers. Snubbers
are located at the rod-end of the boom
cylinders and both ends of the stick
cylinders to cushion shocks while
reducing sound levels and extending
component life.

5

Hydraulics

Cat®hydraulics deliver power and precise control to keep material moving.

6

Caterpillar offers the most intuitive and easy to operate excavators while providing great all
around visibility and exceptional operator comfort.

Operator Comfort

Operator Station. The layout of the

interior has been redesigned to
maximize operator comfort and
reduce operator fatigue.

• Frequently used switches have been
relocated for easier access.

• Consoles and armrests have been
redesigned for better comfort and
adjustability.

• More seat options – choose from
the standard mechanical suspension
seat, or the optional air suspension
seat with heater. Both provide
excellent comfort.

Standard Cab Equipment. To enhance
operator comfort and productivity,
the cab includes a lighter, drink holder,
coat hook, service meter, literature
holder, magazine rack and storage
compartment.

Joystick Control. Joystick controls have
low lever effort and are designed to
match the operator’s natural wrist and
arm position.

Hydraulic Activation Control Lever.

For added safety, this lever must be
in the operate position to activate the
machine control functions.

Automatic Climate Control. Fully
automatic climate control adjusts
temperature and flow, and determines
which air outlet is best in each situation
with a touch of a button.

Cab Exterior. The exterior design uses
thick steel tubing along the bottom
perimeter of the cab, improving the
resistance of fatigue and vibration.

Cab Mounts. The cab shell is attached
to the frame with viscous rubber cab
mounts, which dampen vibrations
and sound levels while enhancing
operator comfort.

Windows. All glass is affixed directly
to the cab for excellent visibility
eliminating window frames.

Wipers. Pillar-mounted wipers increase
the operator’s viewing area and offer
continuous and intermittent modes.

Skylight. An enlarged skylight with
sunshade provides excellent visibility
and ventilation.

Monitor. The monitor is a full color
Liquid Crystal Display that gives
you vital operating and performance
information, alerts in text, all in a
simple, east to navigate format.

Default Display. Three analog gauges,
fuel level, hydraulic oil temperature
and coolant temperature, are displayed
in this area.

Main Menu. Four menu options to
choose from:

Settings – Adjust monitor settings,
select work tool or choose video
mode (when equipped with a camera)

Maintenance – Displays service intervals
and hours accumulated since last serviced.

Performance – Displays machine
performance attributes such as Engine
Speed, Coolant and Hydraulic Oil
Temperature.

Service – Allows access to machine
parameters for service intervals,
diagnostic information and information
related to the machines software.

Event Display. Machine information
is displayed in this area with the icon
and language.

Multi-information Display. This area
is reserved for displaying various
information which is convenient for the
operator. The “CAT” logo is displayed
when no information is available to be
displayed.

7

Robust Undercarriage. A solid
foundation built tough to absorb the
stresses of everyday work.

• Rollers and idlers are sealed and
lubricated to extend service life.

• Track links are assembled and sealed
with grease to decrease internal
bushing wear and increase life by
as much as 25 percent, when
compared to dry seal undercarriages.

• Spring recoil system stroke has been
increased to better relieve excess
track tension, which can occur when
material builds up between the track
and sprocket.

Undercarriage Options. Choose the
undercarriage option that best matches
your application.

• Standard undercarriage – Works
well in restricted work spaces and
on uneven, rocky terrain. It’s also
preferred on jobs that require frequent
repositioning of the machine.

• Long undercarriage – Allows for
maximum stability and lift capacity.

Rugged Structures. Structural
components and the undercarriage
are the backbone of the machine’s
durability. Caterpillar places a lot of
emphasis on the machine’s durability
during the designing and manufacturing
of its excavators.

• Up to 95 percent of the structural
welds are welded by robots, which
achieve up to three times the
penetration of a manual weld and
improving overall durability of
the machine.

• The 320D’s main frame utilizes
high-tensile strength steel and a
one-piece swing table, which
improves strength and reliability.

• The carbody has a X-shaped, box
section design to resist bending and
twisting forces.

• Track roller frames are press-formed
in a pentagonal shape for additional
strength.

8

Structures

320D is designed to handle the most rugged operating conditions, while providing long life
and value.

Front Linkage Options. The Reach
Boom allows excellent all-around
versatility and a large working
envelope. It can be equipped with the
following three sticks:

• R3.9B1 – offers maximum reach
and digging depth

• R2.9B1 – performs well in a
mid-range working envelope

• R2.5B1 – a good match when the job
requires a larger bucket or a hammer

Mass Excavation Boom is designed
for heavy-duty, high production
earthmoving applications and has
a single system-matched stick

• M2.4CB2 – delivers significantly
higher digging forces and allows the
use of large buckets.

Super Long Reach Front – with reaches
up to 15.2 m (50 ft) this configuration
is designed for light duty applications
requiring an extra large working
envelope.

Linkage Pins. The bucket linkage pins
for the Mass Excavator configuration
have been enlarged to improve reliability
and durability. All the pins in the front
linkages have thick chrome plating,
giving them high wear and corrosion
resistance.

Bucket Linkage. The power link improves
durability, increases machine-lifting
capability in key lifting positions and
with the integrated lift-eye it is easier
to use than compared to the previous
power link. The lift eye also gives you
the optimum lift performance. It allows
you to lower the load point, which
maximizes the use of the boom cylinders.

9

Booms, Sticks and Bucket Linkages

Built for Performance and long service life, Caterpillar®booms and sticks are large, welded,
box-section structures with thick, multi-plate fabrications in high stress areas.

Wide Variety of Work Tools. Caterpillar
offers a complete line of work tools to
match all of your application needs:

• Hammers – matched to Cat
machines for optimum performance

• Thumbs, Stiff Link, Full Rotation –
transforms your 320D into a
versatile material handling machine

• Grapples – choose from a large
variety of grapples that best suit
your application

• Multi-processors – does the work
of many types of demolition tools
by use of interchangeable jaws

• Shears – features 360 degree rotation
and high force to weight ratio

• Pulverizers – ideally suited for rapid,
non-explosive demolition applications

• Vibratory Plate Compactors –
provide superior compaction force in
a reliable, low maintenance package

• Rippers – perfectly suited for
trenching and pipeline applications
where conditions aren’t favorable
to traditional ripping methods

Caterpillar Buckets. The most expansive
choice of buckets that can optimize
machine performance and match your
application needs.

• General Purpose Buckets – for
digging in low impact, moderately
abrasive materials such as dirt, loam,
gravel and clay.

• Heavy-Duty Buckets – for use in
abrasive applications such as mixed
dirt, clay and rock.

• Heavy-Duty power Buckets – for
use in abrasive applications where
breakout force and cycle times are
critical – good for materials such as
mixed dirt, clay and rock.

• Ditch Cleaning Buckets – wide and
shallow for ditch cleaning, bank
forming and finishing.

Caterpillar Ground Engaging Tools (GET).

Choose from a wide variety of tips
that maximize bucket and machine
performance. Sidecutters and sidebar
protectors are also available.

Pin Grabber Plus Hydraulic Pin Grabber

Couplers. Multiply the versatility and
utility of 320D.

• Hydraulic Pin Grabber Plus – allows
quick and easy tool changes without
having to leave the cab. Picks up a
large variety of tools equipped with
standard pins.

• Dedicated Coupler – no loss of tip
radius, maximizing the breakout
forces on your 320D.

10

Work Tools – Attachments

The 320D has an extensive selection of work tools to optimize machine performance.