Lucent Technologies P550 User Manual
Cajun™ P550/P220™
Switch Operation
Guide Version 4.0
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide - Version 4.0
© Copyright LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES 1999 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Produced in USA, November 1999
The produc ts, specifications, and ot her technic al information regarding the products contained in this document are subject to
change without notice. All information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable, but is presented without warranty of
any kind, expres s or implied, and use rs must ta ke full responsibility for their application of any produc ts specified in this document.
Lucent disclaims responsibility for errors which may appear in this document, and it reserves the right, in its sole discretion and
without notice, to make substitution s and modificat ions in the products and practices descri bed in this docume nt.
Lucent, Cajun, CajunDocs, OpenTrunk, P550, P220 and CajunView are t rademarks of Lucent Technologies.
Microsoft, Windows, Wind ows NT, Windows 95, Windows 98, and Internet Expl orer are tradem arks or registered tradem arks of
Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries.
OpenView is a tr ademark of Hewl ett Packard Company.
Netscape and Netscape Navigator are regis tered trademarks of Netscape Communications Co rporation in the United St ates and
other countries.
3Com is a regi stered tradem ark and PACE is a trademark of 3Com or its subsidiaries.
Adobe is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems In corporated.
Bay Network s and System 5000 are registered tradem arks of Nortel Net works.
Cisco Catalyst 5000 is a registered tra dem ark of Cisco System s Incorpora ted.
ALL OTHER TRADEMARKS MENTIONED IN THIS DOCUMENT ARE PROPERTY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS.
Contents
Preface
Documentation Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xiv
Online Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Installing Online Documentation and Help Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Installing the Lucent HTTP Documentation Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Starting the Lucent HTTP Web Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Entering the Server Location at the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Adding the Document Files to an Existing Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Downloading an Updated CajunDocs CD from the Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Using Note, Caution, and Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
Overview of The Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Lucent Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Reference Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx
Contacting Lucent Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx
Chapter 1 — Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Switch Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Hardware Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Layer 2 Supervisor Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Layer 3 Supervisor Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Media Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Layer 3 and Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Layer 3 and Layer 2 Gigabit-Speed Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Cajun P550 Switch Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Crossbar Switch Fabric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Cajun Routing Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7
Compatibility with the Layer 2 Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7
Routing with Layer 2 and Layer 3 Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7
Virtual Bridging Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
VLAN Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
Hunt Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
OpenTrunk Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11
Spanning Tree Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-12
Extensive Fault Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
Buffer and Queue Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14
Web-Based Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide iv
Smart Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-15
Cajun P550 Switch Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-15
Chapter 2 — Overview of the P220 Gigabit Switch Family
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
Switch Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Crossbar Switch Fabric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Virtual Bridging Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
VLAN Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Hunt Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
OpenTrunk Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
Dual Layer Spanning Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-7
Buffer and Queue Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-8
Web-Based Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9
Smart Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9
RMON for Traffic Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9
Chapter 3 — Configuring the Cajun P550 Switch (Layer 2 & Layer 3)
Terminal Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
Configuring the Supervisor Module Using the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
Configuring the Switch Using the Web Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
Logging In to the Web Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
Setting Up User Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
Configuring Port Parameters Using the Web Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
Configuring Physical Port Parameters on Gigabit Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
Configuring Physical Port Parameters on Fast Ethernet Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
Using the All Ports Configuration Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12
Viewing Switch Port Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13
Configuring Switch Port Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13
Configuring Port VLAN Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-16
Configuring VTP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-18
Configuring Non-VLAN Switch Port Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-19
Examples of Switch Ports Settings for Various VLAN Connection Types . . . . . . . . . .3-20
Configuring Fast Start Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-21
Using the All Ports Configuration Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-22
Setting Up SNMP Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-23
Changing the Console Serial Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-24
Configuring the Serial Console Port as a TTY Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-25
Connecting a Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-25
Configuring the Serial Console Port as a PPP Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-26
Regaining Configuration Access to the PPP Serial Port Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-27
Configuring Dial-Up Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-28
Using Dial-Up Networking with a PPP Serial Port Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-29
Configuring the IP Interface for the PPP Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-30
Configuring a Static Route for the PPP Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-30
Hardware Requirements for Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-31
Configuring IP Routing on the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-31
Minimum IP Routing Configuration Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-31
v Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
Routing Configuration Quickstart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-31
Configuring System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-32
Entering General System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-33
Enabling SNTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-33
Setting Summer Time Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-34
Setting Recurring Summer Time Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-34
Setting One-Time Summer Time Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-37
Setting the System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-39
Setting the Temperature System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-39
Displaying the Power System Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-40
Displaying Cooling System Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-40
Configuring Redundant Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-41
Installing Redundant Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-42
Replacing the Primary Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-43
Replacing an Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-44
Performing a System Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-45
Managing Configuration Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-45
Viewing Your Running Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-46
Viewing Your Startup Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-46
Viewing Your Script Execution Log File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-46
Copying Configuration Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46
Copying Running Configuration to Startup Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-47
Copying Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-47
Viewing the Status of a TFTP Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
Chapter 4 — Configuring IPX Routing (Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
IPX Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
IPX Datagram Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
Configuring the Cajun Switch as an IPX Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
Configuring IPX Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4
Creating IPX Static Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6
Deleting IPX Static Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
Modifying IPX Static Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
Creating IPX Static Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
Deleting IPX Static Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-8
Modifying IPX Static Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Monitoring Switch Performance Using IPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-9
Examining IPX Global Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-9
Searching the IPX Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-10
Examining the IPX Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-11
Examining IPX Route Table Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-12
Searching the IPX Service Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-12
Examining the IPX Service Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-13
Examining IPX Service Table Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-14
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide vi
Chapter 5 — Configuring IPX RIP Protocol (Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
Configuring IPX RIP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
Creating and Modifying IPX RIP Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2
Interpreting IPX RIP Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5
Chapter 6 — Configuring IPX SAP Protocol (Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1
Configuring IPX SAP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1
Creating IPX SAP Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Creating IPX SAP Name Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2
Creating IPX SAP Network Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-5
Interpreting IPX SAP Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7
Chapter 7 — Configuring IP Routing (Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-1
Configuring IP Global Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-1
Creating an IP Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-2
Enabling IP Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-4
Assigning IP Interfaces to the VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-5
IP Multinetting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-7
Configuring Access Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-8
Creating Standard Access Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-9
Creating Extended Access Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-10
Activating Access Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13
Creating IP Static Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-14
Creating Static ARP Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-14
Creating a BOOTP/DHCP Server Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15
IP Multicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15
Configuring IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-16
Enabling the IGMP Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-16
Modifying IGMP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-17
Configuring DVMRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-18
Configuring the DVMRP Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-18
Modifying DVMRP Interface Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19
Monitoring Switch Performance Using IP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-21
Displaying Global IP Routing Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-21
Searching the IP Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-25
Examining the IP Routing Table Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-26
Searching the IP ARP Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-26
IP Multicast Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-27
Displaying IGMP Global Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-27
Examining IGMP Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-28
Displaying the Multicast Group Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-30
Displaying the IGMP Local Multicast Forwarding Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-31
Displaying DVMRP Global Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-32
Examining DVMRP Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-33
vii Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
Displaying DVMRP Neighbor Router(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-34
Displaying DVMRP Routing Table Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-35
Displaying the DVMRP Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-36
Displaying the DVMRP Upstream Routers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-37
Displaying the DVMRP Designated Forwarder(s) Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-37
Displaying the DVMRP Downstream Dependent Router(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-38
Displaying the DVMRP Multicast Forwarding Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-39
Configuring VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-42
Enabling VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-43
Enabling VRRP on an Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-43
Creating a VRRP Virtual Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-43
Configuring VRRP Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-44
Displaying VRRP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-44
Configuring IRDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-45
Enabling IRDP on an Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-46
Adding an IRDP Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-48
Deleting an IRDP Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-48
Configuring LDAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-48
Configuring LDAP Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-48
Viewing LDAP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-50
Configuring an IP Helper Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-50
Creating an IP Helper Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-51
Deleting an IP Helper Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-52
Modifying an IP Helper Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-52
Chapter 8 — Configuring the RIP Routing Protocol (Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1
Configuring the Switch Using the RIP Routing Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1
Configuring RIP for the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1
Modifying RIP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-2
Creating Trusted RIP Neighbors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-3
Interpreting RIP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-4
Chapter 9 — Configuring the OSPF Routing Protocol (Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-1
Configuring OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-1
Configuring the OSPF Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-2
Creating OSPF Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-3
Deleting OSPF Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-3
Modifying OSPF Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-4
Modifying OSPF Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-4
Creating OSPF Virtual Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-5
Deleting OSPF Virtual Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-6
Modifying OSPF Virtual Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-7
Creating OSPF Summaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
Deleting OSPF Summaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-8
Modifying OSPF Summaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-8
Monitoring Switch Performance Using OSPF Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-8
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide viii
Displaying OSPF Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-8
Displaying OSPF Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-10
Displaying OSPF Neighbors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-10
Searching the OSPF Link State Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-12
Viewing LSA Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-15
Chapter 10 — Configuring AppleTalk Routing (Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-1
AppleTalk Routing Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-1
Configuring AppleTalk Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-2
Enabling AppleTalk Global Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-2
Creating an AppleTalk Routing Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-3
Editing AppleTalk Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-4
Deleting an AppleTalk Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-5
Creating an AppleTalk Static Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
Editing AppleTalk Static Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-7
Deleting an AppleTalk Static Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-7
Creating an AppleTalk NBP Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-7
Editing an AppleTalk NBP Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-8
Adding or Deleting Interfaces to NBP Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-9
Creating an AppleTalk Zone Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-9
Editing an AppleTalk Zone Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-10
Adding or Deleting Interfaces to a Zone Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-11
Viewing AppleTalk Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-11
Viewing AppleTalk Global Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-11
Viewing the AppleTalk Interface Statistics Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-13
Viewing the AppleTalk Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-14
Viewing AppleTalk Route Table Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-15
Viewing the AppleTalk ARP Cache Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-15
Viewing the AppleTalk Zone Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-16
View AppleTalk Zone Table Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-17
Viewing the AppleTalk NBP Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-17
Chapter 11 — Monitoring and Configuring the Forwarding Cache (Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-1
Configuring the Fowarding Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-1
Monitoring the Forwarding Cache Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-3
Displaying Frame Fowarding Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-3
Searching the Routing Cache for an Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-4
Displaying the Forwarding Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-5
Chapter 12 — Using VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Hunt Groups (Layer 2 and
Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-1
VLAN Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-1
Ingress Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
Forwarding Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2
ix Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
Egress Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2
Port-Based VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-2
Creating and Implementing VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-3
VLAN Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-3
Creating a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-3
Configuring VLAN Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-4
Creating 3Com Mapping Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-5
Assigning Ports To VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-6
Using Spanning Tree Setup and Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-6
Spanning Tree Bridge Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-7
Managing Spanning Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-7
Configuring Spanning Tree Bridge Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-9
Disabling Spanning Tree Mode for the Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-11
Using Hunt Groups to Aggregate Bandwidth between Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-11
Hunt Group Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-12
Configuring Hunt Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-12
Viewing Hunt Group Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-13
Adding Ports to a Hunt Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-14
Chapter 13 — Tuning Your Switch Performance (Layer 2 & Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-1
How Queues Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-1
Managing Buffers and Queues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-2
Chapter 14 — Managing Address Forwarding Tables (Layer 2 & Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-1
Configuring the Address Forwarding Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-1
Configuring the Age Timer and Super Age Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-1
Controlling Reconfiguration of Address Table Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-2
Searching the Switch Address Forwarding Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-4
Adding Entries to the Address Forwarding Table Manually . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-6
Chapter 15 — Managing Intelligent Multicasting (Layer 2 & Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-1
Layer 3 Dynamic Intelligent Multicasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-2
IGMP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-2
LGMP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-3
Layer 2 Dynamic Intelligent Multicasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-3
LGMP Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-3
CGMP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-3
Pruning Dynamic Sessions, Client Ports, and Router Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-3
Configuring Global Intelligent Multicasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-4
Displaying Router Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-6
Configuring Static Router Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-6
Searching for Intelligent Multicast Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-7
Deleting a Multicast Session Client Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-8
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide x
Creating a Static Multicast Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-9
Deleting Static Multicast Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-10
Creating Static Client Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-11
Deleting Static Client Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-11
Configuring IGMP Snooping (Layer 3 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-11
Configuring the LGMP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-12
Modifying the LGMP Server Display per VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-14
Configuring/Viewing an LGMP Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-15
Modifying LGMP Clients Per VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-17
Configuring/Viewing CGMP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-18
Chapter 16 — Monitoring the Cajun Switch (Layer 2 & Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-1
Interpreting Front Panel LED Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-1
Checking Temperature Status and Configuring Thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-2
Checking Active Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-3
Viewing the Active Alarm Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-3
Using the Event Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-3
Configuring the Protocol Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-4
Viewing the Event and Shutdown Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-5
Viewing Event Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-6
Setting Log Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-7
Configuring Event Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-9
Chapter 17 — Analyzing Network Performance Using RMON and Ethernet
Statistics (Layer 2 & Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-1
Viewing Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-1
Setting Up a Mirror Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-6
Chapter 18 — Downloading New Operational Code to the Switch (Layer 2 &
Layer 3)
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-1
Upgrading from a Previous Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-1
Saving the Previous Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-2
Downloading the Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-2
Selecting the Image for Reboot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-4
Resetting the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-4
Appendix A — FCC Notice
A-1
Appendix B — Supported MIB Groups
MIBs Supported by Layer 2 and Layer 3 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
xi Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
IPX Interface MIBs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
The Novel MIB is not currently supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Private IPX Interface MIBs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Prominet MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
IEEE 802.3 MAU Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
IEEE 802.3 Statistics Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Bridge MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
SNMPv2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
RMON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
MIBs Supported by the Layer 3 Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
RIP Version 1.0 and 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Standard MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Private MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
OSPF Version 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Standard MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Private MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Standard MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Private MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Standard MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Private MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
IP Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
IP Version 4.0 and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Standard MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Private MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
IP Forwarding/Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Standard MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Private MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
DVMRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Standard MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Private MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
AppleTalk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Standard MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Private MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
IP Access List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Policy Capability MIB for LDAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Index
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide xii
Preface
This guide explains how to configure and operate the Lucent P550, P550R, P220G, and
P220FE Cajun switches. The P220 Cajun switch family contains Layer 2 functionality
only, while the P550 contains both Layer 2 and Layer 3 functionality. Therefore, all
references to Layer 2 functionality apply to both the P220 Cajun switch family, as well as
the P550 Layer 2 switches.
This guide also includes information on downloading new operational code to your
switch. For detailed information on the command line interface, refer to
Command Line Interface Reference Guide
Documentation Feedback
If you have comments about the technical accuracy or general quality of this document
please contact us at:
Cajun P550/P220
.
techpubs@lucent.com
Please cite the document title, part number, and page reference,
if appropriate.
Online Documentation
Lucent Technologies maintains copies of all technical documentation on the corporate
web server. To access online documentation, including HTML and PDF documents, use
Netscape Navigator version 4.5 or above or Internet Explorer version 3.x or above and
enter the URL:
http://pubs.lucentctc.com/
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide xiv
Preface
Installing Online Documentation and Help Files
Certain resources used by the Web Agent are located off the switch to preserve switch
memory. Setting up a help server location for the switch allows the switch to access:
❒ Online documentation
❒ Bitmaps used as part of the interface (logo, wallpaper)
❒ Online help files for the Web Agent
There are two ways to provide this information to the switch:
❒ Install the Lucent HTTP documentation server (available on the Lucent user
documentation CD, CajunDocs)
❒ Add the files to an existing web server on your network
Installing the Lucent HTTP Documentation Server
Lucent provides HTTP server software that you can install to provide access to
documentation and online help directly from the switch. The server must be running a
Win32 compatible operating system (for example, Windows 95, Windows 98, or
Windows NT).
To install the server, you must perform one of the following:
❒ Run the
❒ Click on the latest released version of the CajunDocs CD from the Lucent
Publications web site (http://pubs.lucentctc.com/cdrom/cajundocs.html) and
double-click
server machine and drive.
Setup
program from the CajunDocs CD-ROM
setup.exe
. This extracts the server and the online help system to the
Starting the Lucent HTTP Web Server
To run the Lucent HTTP server:
Click on your Win32/NT Start Menu.
1.
Select the
2.
program group.
CajunDocs
program group and select document server from that
xv
The Lucent document server will launch. To access this server from a Web browser you
need to set a server location on the switch, as specified in the next section.
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
Entering the Server Location at the Switch
To set the location of the documentation server:
Launch your Web browser and connect to your switch.
1.
Preface
Enter your
2.
In the
3.
Location
In the
4.
HTTP server followed by the server name with a port designation of :2010 (for
example, for a host named phantom, enter: http://phantom:2010).
If you decide to install your online help on a Web server other than the Lucent
HTTP server bundled on the CajunDocs CD-ROM, then specify the URL without a
port number if your Web server runs on port 80 (for example,
http://www.abc-company.com). If your Web server does not run on port 80, you
need to add the port number (for example, http://host/path:port).
Note: The default port number for HTTP is port 80. The default port number for
user name
System Configuration
. The
Online Help Configuration
HTTP Server Location
telnet is 126.
and
password
section of the Web Agent window, click
field, enter the
at the respective prompts and click
dialog box opens.
Adding the Document Files to an Existing Server
If you decide to install your online help on a Web server other than the Lucent HTTP
server bundled on the CajunDocs CD-ROM, transfer the help subdirectory to that Web
server and enter the URL for that web server in the Server Location field.
host name
or
IP address
Login
Server
of the
.
For example, if you transfer the CajunDocs help directory to your company server
(http://www.abc-company.com) you would need to:
1. Install the online help and documentation from the CajunDocs CD to a Windows95
or NT node in your network.
2. Transfer the entire help subdirectory located in C:\CajunDocs to the root directory
of your Web server.
3. Launch your browser and connect to your switch.
4. Enter your user name and password at the respective prompts and click Login.
5. In the System Configuration section of the Web Agent window, click Server
Location. The Online Help Configuration dialog box opens.
6. In the HTTP Server Location field, enter the server location (for example,
http://www.abc-company.com).
7. In the HELP Directory Location field, enter the directory name of your help
files. For example, help.
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide xvi
Preface
Note: The default for the help directory is help. You do not need to change this
unless you changed the name of your help directory prior to transferring it to
your Web server.
Downloading an Updated CajunDocs CD from the Internet
The server and help files are available on the Internet. To download update your
CajunDocs CD:
1. Launch a web browser and go to the CajunDocs Installer Web page at:
http://pubs.lucentctc.com/cdrom/cajundocs.html
2. Click the latest version CajunDocs CD-ROM installer to download into the
directory you previously created.
For more information on this product, refer to the online documentation that comes on
your CajunDocs CD-ROM or refer to http://pubs.lucentctc.com to review the online
documentation there.
Conventions
This document uses the following conventions:
Convention Represents Examples
User Input
Boldface
Te xt
System
Output
Using Note, Caution, and Warning
Note: Provides additional information about a procedure or topic.
User entered text. To create a new password, type
password owl
Menu command,
keyword to be acted
upon, or button
name.
Text displayed by the
system.
From the
select
Click
If you attempt the find the physical
location of port 30, the system displays
Unit 2 Por t 2
Interface
Default
Cancel
store
pull-down menu,
.
to cancel the installation.
xvii
CAUTION:Indicates a condition that may damage hardware or software.
WARNING:Indicates a condition that may cause bodily injury or death.
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
Audience
This guide is intended for:
❒ Network manager or administrator
❒ Hardware installer
Overview of The Contents
This guide contains the following chapters:
Chapter 1, P550 Cajun Switch Overview — Provides an overview of your P550
switch and theory of operation.
Chapter 2, P220 Cajun Switch Family Overview — Provides an overview of your
P220G or P220FE switch and theory of operation.
Chapter 3, Configuring the Cajun Switch — Explains how to perform the initial
configuration of your switch, create users, and configure ports.
Preface
Chapter 4, Configuring IPX Routing — Explains how to configure IPX routing and
interpret IPX statistics.
Chapter 5, Configuring IPX RIP Protocol — Explains how to configure IPX RIP.
Chapter 6, Configuring IPX SAP Protocol — Explains how to configure IPX SAP.
Chapter 7, Configuring IP Routing — Explains how to configure your switch for IP
routing and interpret IP routing statistics.
Chapter 8, Configuring RIP Routing — Explains how to configure your switch for
RIP routing.
Chapter 9, Configuring the OSPF Protocol — Explains how to configure Open
Shortest Path First (OSPF) on your Cajun Switch. In addition, this chapter also provides
information on OSPF statistical displays.
Chapter 10, Configuring AppleTalk — Explains how to configure AppleTalk
parameters and view AppleTalk statistics.
Chapter 11, Monitoring and Configuring the Forwarding Cache (L3 Only) —
Explains how to interpret and monitor forwarding operations that occur in the address
cache of the multilayer media modules.
Chapter 12, Using VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Hunt Groups — Provides detailed
information on how to optimize bandwidth usage on your network.
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide xviii
Preface
Chapter 13, Tuning Your Switch Performance — Shows how to use your switch’s
buffer management features to optimize traffic throughput through the switch fabric.
Chapter 14, Managing Address Forward Tables — Provides information on how to
manage the address forwarding tables in your switch.
Chapter 15, Managing Intelligent Multicasting — Provides information on how to
configure and manage intelligent multicast sessions on your switch.
Chapter 16, Monitoring the Cajun Switch — Explains how to use the Web Agent to
assess your switch’s current operational status.
Chapter 17, Analyzing Network Perfor mance Using RMON and Ethernet
Statistics — Provides information on how to interpret the statistics counter values
displayed in your switch.
Chapter 18, Downloading New Operational Code to the Switch — Provides
information on how to update the operational code on your switch.
Appendix A, FCC Notice — Provides the FCC notice statement.
Appendix B, MIB Groups — Provides information on the supported MIB groups.
Index
Related Documents
This section provides information on supporting documentation, including:
❒ Lucent Documents
❒ Reference Documents
Lucent Documents
The following documents provide additional information on Lucent products:
P500 Manager User’s Guide, which describes the installation and use of Lucent’s
Java-based, multiswitch element management system.
Reference Documents
The following documents supply related background information:
❒ Internetworking with TCP/IP Volume I — 3rd Edition, Douglas E. Comer, ISBN
0-13-216987-8.
xix
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
❒ Internet Routing Architectures — Cisco Press, Bassam Halabi
❒ Routing in the Internet — Christian Huitema, ISBN 0-13-132192-7
❒ Interconnections: Bridges and Routers — Radia Perlman, ISBN 0-201-56332-0
Terminology
Throughout the book, the term Layer 2, often followed by the abbreviation L2, is used to
indicate switching capabilities. For example, the name, Layer 2 Supervisor Module,
indicates a supervisor module that enables switching.
The terms, Multilayer and Layer 3, often followed by the abbreviation L3, refer to the
combined ability to switch and route. For example, the name, Multilayer Supervisor
Module, indicates a supervisor module that provides switching and routing capabilities.
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Preface
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Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide xx
Preface
xxi
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
1
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Switch Description
The Cajun P550 switch is a family member of Gigabit Ethernet switching products from
Lucent Technologies Corporation, and supports:
❒ More bandwidth
❒ Elimination of bottlenecks
❒ Better manageability
❒ Routing
❒ Dependable multimedia support
Hardware Overview
The P550’s hardware features includes:
❒ Chassis
❒ Modules
Chassis
The switching fabric is non-blocking and provides 22.88 Gbps switching throughput
(45.76 Gbps aggregate bandwidth). The chassis features include (Figure 1-1):
❒ Seven slots (six payload slots)
❒ Up to 288 10/100Base-TX ports (autosensing)
❒ Up to 60 100Base-FX ports
❒ Up to 24 gigabit-speed Ethernet ports
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide 1-1
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Modules
Figure 1-1. Cajun Switch
Attach serial
port cable here
Attach
Ethernet cable
here
The chassis modules include:
❒ Layer 3 Supervisor Module or Layer 2 Supervisor Module
❒ Layer 3 and Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Modules
❒ Layer 3 and Layer 2 Gigabit-Speed Modules
Layer 2 Supervisor Module
The Supervisor Module features include:
❒ PowerPC 860 Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) processor
❒ Memory: 4 MB Flash, 16 MB DRAM, 128 KB NVRAM
❒ Real-time clock
❒ Out-of-band console: 10Base-T & RS-232
❒ RMON support
❒ Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) management agent
❒ Dot matrix display
The supervisor module is responsible for address learning, address cache management,
and spanning tree management.
1-2 Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
Layer 3 Supervisor Module
The Layer 3 supervisor module features include:
❒ PowerPC 750 (RISC) processor
❒ Memory: 4 MB Flash, 64 MB DRAM, 128 KB NVRAM, 512 KB cache, with
multiple memory configurations:
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Tab le 1 -1.
DIMM/SIMM
32 MB 1 32 MB
32 MB 2 64 MB
64 MB 1 64 MB (V3.0 or higher)
64 MB 2 128 MB (V3.0 or higher)
Multiple Memory Configuration
Number of
Modules
Total Memory
❒ Real-time clock
❒ Out-of-band console: 10/100Base-T & RS-232
❒ RMON support
❒ Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) management agent
❒ Dot matrix display
The supervisor module is responsible for address learning, address cache management,
and spanning tree management.
In addition, the Layer 3 supervisor module:
❒ Implements system management functions and management interfaces.
❒ Uses standard routing protocols and maintains routing table and caches.
❒ Provides 1.5 million packets per second of hardware-based routing for packets that
arrive on Layer 2-only media modules.
❒ Supplies software-based routing for packets that are not routed in hardware.
❒ Supports implementation of AppleTalk, and DECnet, that are not implemented in
hardware.
The Layer 3 supervisor module requires a faster CPU and more memory. Also unlike the
Layer 2 supervisor, the Layer 3 supervisor is part of the path that some packets take
through the system. To accomplish this, the Layer 3 supervisor requires faster data
transfer to and from the switching fabric.
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide 1-3
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Figure 1-2 illustrates a conceptual diagram of the Layer 3 supervisor module’s functions.
Media Modules
All Layer 2 and Layer 3 media modules have full non-blocking performance.
Figure 1-2.
Layer 3 Supervisor Module Conceptual Operation
Wirespeed Routing
High-
Speed
Ac ce ss
To /
From
Switch
Fabric
in Ha rdw are
Software-based
Routing
High-speed
CPU
managem ent
Routing Table and
System
Cache Management
Multilayer Supervisor Conceptual Diagram
Manage-
ment
Int erfac es
Bridging and routing are performed on the input side of each media module.
Each media module features:
❒ IEEE 802.3z full-duplex flow control - This allows the switch ports to send a
pause command before input buffers overflow. Half-duplex ports support active
backpressure (jamming).
❒ VLAN trunking or non-tagged access modes - This allows the switch ports to
interoperate with popular tagged trunking schemes used by large networking
vendors.
❒ Priority Queuing and Class of Service - These features allow you to prioritize
traffic between particular stations or sets of stations to support jitter-sensitive
applications. Supported class of service types: 3Com PACE CoS, IEEE 802.1p CoS.
Layer 3 and Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Modules
The Layer 2 (L2) and Layer 3 (L3) Fast Ethernet modules include:
❒ 20-Port 10/100Base-TX Ethernet Module (L2 support), with 20 RJ-45 Ports -
10/100, HDX/FDX
❒ 10-Port 100Base-FX Ethernet Module (L2 support), with 10 Fast Ethernet Ports -
Fiber, 1300 nM, HDX/FDX
1-4 Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
❒ 12-Port 10/100Base-TX Ethernet Module (L2/L3 support), with 12 RJ-45 Ports -
10/100, HDX/FDX
❒ 10-Port 100Base-FX Ethernet Module (L2/L3 support), with 10 Fast Ethernet Ports
- Fiber, 1300 nM, HDX/FDX
❒ 48-Port 10/100Base-TX Ethernet Module (L3 support), with 48 RJ-71 Ports -
10/100, HDX/FDX
Layer 3 and Layer 2 Gigabit-Speed Modules
The Layer 2 (L2) and Layer 3 (L3) Gigabit Ethernet modules include:
❒ 2-Port, Full-Duplex 1000Base-SX module (L2 support) 850 nM optics
❒ 2-Port, Full-Duplex 1000Base-LX module (L2 support) 1300 nM optics
❒ 2-Port, Full-Duplex 1000Base-SLX module (L2 support) 10 Km with 1300nM
optics
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
❒ 4-Port, Full-Duplex 1000Base-SX-F module (L2 support) 850 nM optics
❒ 2-Port, Full-Duplex 1000Base-SX-F module (L2/L3 support) 850 nM optics
❒ 2-Port, Full-Duplex 1000Base-LX-F module (L2/L3 support) 1300 nM optics
Cajun P550 Switch Features
The section includes:
❒ Crossbar Switch Fabric
❒ Cajun Routing Overview
❒ Virtual Bridging Functions
❒ VLAN Functions
❒ Hunt Groups
❒ OpenTrunk Technology
❒ Dual Layer Spanning Trees
❒ Buffer and Queue Management
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide 1-5
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Crossbar Switch Fabric
The crossbar switch matrix provides low latency, high throughput packet switching using
a crossbar architecture (Figure 1-3).
Figure 1-3. Crossbar Architecture
Port 1
Port 2
Port 13
1.76 Gb/s
22.88 Gb/s
1.76 Gb/s
Port 1
Port 2
Crossbar
Port 13
Crossbars are more scalable than shared memory architectures. Architecturally, you can
add more capacity simply by adding more switch elements. By comparison, shared
memory switches have an inherent maximum upper boundary in throughput that
makes high-density, single-backplane gigabit switches impractical. With a crossbar
architecture you increase the number of gigabit ports in your network and the
architecture scales to meet your needs.
The crossbar supports:
❒ 13 fabric ports (two per I/O module slot, plus one for the Supervisor Module).
❒ 1.76 Gbps (in and out) on each fabric port.
❒ 22.88 Gbps total capacity, 45.76 Gbps total backplane capacity.
❒ Under-subscribed switching fabric in most configurations (two connections per I/O
module slot, plus one for the supervisor module).
❒ Single copy replication - When possible, input frames destined for output multiple
switch ports pass through the crossbar only once and are copied by the crossbar to
each destination.
❒ Hardware-assisted multicast pruning - The switch only forwards to appropriate
destination switch ports.
1-6 Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
Cajun Routing Overview
The Cajun switch is an IP and IPX router with virtual interfaces. Virtual interfaces are
mapped to physical ports or VLANs. Layer 3 IP traffic is routed between the virtual
interfaces.
Ports become members of VLANs by assignment or by rules. Multiple VLANs can share a
single trunk port. In contrast, multiple physical ports can be associated with a single
VLAN. In all cases, traffic that arrives and leaves the same VLAN is bridged, not routed.
This section provides additional information that includes:
❒ Compatibility with the Layer 2 Switch
❒ Routing with Layer 2 and Layer 3 Modules
Compatibility with the Layer 2 Switch
The switch is completely backwards compatible with all of the Layer 2 media modules
currently supported in the Cajun switch. Traffic from the Layer 2 media module is routed
by sending that traffic to the routing engine on the Layer 3 supervisor module. The
supervisor module routes all traffic from Layer 2 media modules in software as described
in the section, “Routing with Layer 2 and Layer 3 Modules”.
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Note: Layer 2 traffic that does not require routing is bridged independently of the
Layer 3 traffic based on the MAC address or VLAN information.
Routing with Layer 2 and Layer 3 Modules
When the Cajun switch is configured with a mix of Layer 2 and Layer 3 modules, IP and
IPX routing is performed by the Layer 3 media module or the Layer 3 supervisor module
using special ASICs present on those modules. These ASICs contain an address cache
(forwarding table) that can hold a maximum of 20,000 address cache entries. The entries
consist of packet addressing information and next hop information that enable the
switch to effectively route the packets to their destination.
The Layer 3 supervisor also maintains a master routing table. The master routing table
contains up to 24,000 entries. This routing table enables the supervisor module to keep
track of which entries are in each address cache. As a result, each time a change occurs
in the master routing table, the Layer 3 supervisor module updates the appropriate
address caches. For example, if a unicast route is removed from the master routing table,
then all matching entries in forwarding tables are removed as well.
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide 1-7
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Consequently, when you connect a Cajun switch to the network, it begins to receive
frames from the network and builds a master routing table in the supervisor module and
forwarding tables in each media module based on those frames.
This process creates three distinct results:
❒ All known (learned) traffic from Layer 3 modules that requires routing is routed
directly in hardware by the Layer 3 media module without a need to traverse the
switching fabric to get to the supervisor module’s software routing function.
❒ All unknown (not learned) traffic from Layer 3 modules must first be sent to the
Layer 3 supervisor module, where information on the frame is added to the
supervisor module’s master routing table and added to the appropriate address
caches of Layer 3 media modules.
❒ Since Layer 2 modules have no routing capability, packets that are received by a
Layer 2 module and require routing are routed by sending the packet to the Layer
3 supervisor module. The routing engine on the supervisor module then performs
the routing operation for the Layer 2 modules and sends the packet back through
the switching fabric to the destination port.
Figure 1-4 shows a conceptual example of how traffic is routed in a Cajun switch.
Figure 1-4. Layer 2/3 Routing with Cajun Switch
L2/L3
Supervisor
L2/L3 I/O Module
L2 I/O Module
Between L2 I/O Modules Between L3 I/O Modules Between L2 and L3 I/O Modul
Between L2 I/O Modules
L2/L3
Supervisor
L2/L3 I/O Module
L2/L3 I/O Module
Between L3 I/O Modules
L2/L3
Supervisor
L2/L3 I/O Module
L2 I/O Module
Between L2 and L3 I/O Modules
Virtual Bridging Functions
The switch design supports:
❒ Up to 24,000 MAC addresses in the switch address forwarding table - This feature
allows the switch to store forwarding information for hosts in very large networks.
❒ Segmented address tables qualified by address and VLAN membership - This
feature allows the same host to appear on different VLANs on different ports.
1-8 Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
Optional per-VLAN spanning tree - This isolates loop control to smaller domains, so
❒
spanning trees converge faster after a topology change. Otherwise, packets are
forwarded to the port’s default VLAN.
VLAN Functions
A VLAN (Virtual LAN) is a logical group of hosts on a local area network (LAN) that
communicate as if they were on the same wire, even though they are physically on
different LAN segments throughout a site.
Virtual LANs provide network managers with two significant capabilities:
The ability to segment traffic in a flat switched network. This helps prevent traffic
❒
from being forwarded to stations where it is not needed.
The ability to ignore physical switch locations when creating workgroups. VLANs
❒
are logical constructions and can traverse physical switch boundaries.
The switch hardware supports Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3 VLANs. The switch-based
VLANs have the following characteristics:
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Frames classified as they enter the switch using Layer 1 (Port-based).
❒
Explicitly-tagged VLAN packets are forwarded based on the information in the
❒
packet.
VLANs define a set of ports in a flooding domain. Packets that need to be flooded
❒
are sent only to ports participating in that VLAN (Figure 1-5).
Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide 1-9
Cajun P550 Switch Overview
Figure 1-5. flooding Domain
Virtual Bridging
Virtual Bridging
Function
Virtual Bridging
Function
Virtual Bridging
Function
Function
Frame Classification
Function
Port
Hunt Groups
Hunt groups (also known as link aggregation) aggregate bandwidth from multiple ports
so they act as one high-bandwidth switch port. The concept used is borrowed from the
world of telephony, where incoming calls to a single phone number are routed to the
first available line. Hunt groups allow you to create multi-gigabit pipes to transport traffic
through the highest traffic areas of your network.
A hunt group provides:
Inter-operation with other vendor’s equipment (for example, Cisco’s Etherchannel
❒
and Sun’s Quad Adapter).
Shared traffic load.
❒
Destination address-based traffic sorting, which keeps packets in the right order.
❒
Fault tolerance. If a port in a group fails, the remaining ports in the group pick up
❒
the traffic load.
Support for any number of same-speed connections in a group.
❒
Faster recovery from link failure: If a port in the group fails, the remaining ports
❒
can carry the load. Recovery not limited by spanning tree convergence time
(convergence time is the time the network takes to resume steady-state forwarding
after spanning tree reconfiguration).
Up to ten groups per switch.
❒
1-10 Cajun P550/P220 Switch Operation Guide
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