Lowrance X-16 User Manual

________________

— .

'••

NOTICE

Periodically

ducer Face

remove

to

collect. Oil and

will reduce

prevent

GOT A PROBLEM?

HELP!

If

you

sonar

unit, please give

chance

for

repair.

Assistance

tended
Write or

Service
Electronics, Inc.,

vice

Department

(Toll-free

wash the

with

soap

oil film that

any

dirt on the

sensitivity

sounding.

have a

to

by telephone

call one of our

Centers or the

problem

before

help

often be ex-

can

Customer
in

Tulsa,

1-800-331-3889).

Trans-

water

and

may

face

or

may

LET US

with

us a

sending

letter.

or

Authorized

Lowrance

Ser-

OK.

even

your

it in

Please detail

are

experiencing.

partment may
the inconvenience

unit.

your

If it is determined

must be

structions will be
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

PARTS LIST

Diagram
Lowrance TRUELINE

ER,
Lowrance

East
homa 74128.

returned,

Should

send

Skelly

the

problem you

Our Service De-

be able

desire

you

and Parts

$1.00

Electronics, Inc.,

Drive,

Be sure and

to save

of

returning

that

full

shipping

provided.

a Schematic

list for

RECORD-

PARTS

to

Tulsa,

the Model Number and

Number of

INSTRUMENT

your

SONAR

your

AND

ypur

LIST,

12000

Okla-

give

Serial

you

unit

in-

us

INSTALLATION

OWNER'S

ANID OPERATION MANUAL

X-16

MANUAL

'I

INC.

74128

Litho in

U.S.A.

988-0096-09

LOWRANCE

•

.12000 E. SKELLY

ELECTRONICS,

DR., TULSA,

OKLA.

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ACCESSORIES

LDT-3000
DIGITAL
TEMP

Allows instant visual
surface water

32.0 Ia 99.9

heavy

DUST COVER

Extra

SURFACE

wading

temperatures

degrees F Includes

28 foot sensor cable.

protection lrom the elements.

LSB-200A SWITCH

Allows use ci two

one sonar unit.

activates transducer

LSB-201A SWITCH BOX

Allows use ci Iwo soners with

transducer.

sonar

LXT-11OA TRANSDUCER
EXTENSION CABLE

Ten-fool extension cable far use where a
transducer must

oh the

reach
Sonar unit does not nead

one extension

only

of

LKB-2000 TRANSDUCER KICK-UP
BRACKET

Allows THS 1192-20 io be mounted below the
hull on

LTB-1
MOUNTING BRACKET

Transom
spet specifically

with V-bottomed
Lowrance
transducer.

LFF-1 02

Two

highly vjaibie floats with 100-fool

cord, wraparound

LTP-100 FISH-N-TEMP

Portable

far accurate

—

end

depths

LPG-605 CHART PAPER

Straight
Computer

LTC-60 TRANSDUCER
CONNECTOR KIT

Replacas
with new

damaged transducer cable.

up

LPB-192

Increases the
extend the

rejection,
diaptey

LDT-4000

New sensor

or raw water intake

temperature readings
degrees

different transducers with

Weetharpreof switch

#1

Weetherprool

#1 or #2.

be located

standard transducer cable.

is used.

aluminum beets to avoid hull turbulence.

000 TRANSOM

brscket end

mounting

designed
boats. Uses

bolt-thru-huil

plastic

FISH-N-FLOAT

lead

sinkers.

temperature

line chart

plastic style.

and

small detail.

F

and

from

readings

to 00 teal.

paper,

Sonar

old

depth range,

probe

recorders.

graph

transducer connecter

slyle

Or to

POWER BOOSTER

outpul power

better noise

increases the

DIGITAL SURFACE TEMP

allows

mounting

trorn 32.0 099.9

of

horn

BOX

or

#2.

one

only

switch activates

the

beyond

when

returning

for use

any

nylon

indicator

depth

30-90

degrees

50 toot

transom, thru-hut,

br all

roll,

a

repair

of the X-150 to

to

ability

Water

F

Specifications 1

Introduction

How it Works

Installation
Power Connections
Transducer Selection

Basic

Operation

Sensitivity

Clear

Discrimination
Paper

GRAYLINE
Range

Lower Limit
Upper

Lines
Marker

Scale
Memory/Reset

Feet, Fathoms,
End Of

Zero
How To Read

Paper Loading

Control

Entry

Speed

Limit

Meters

Paper

Adjust

Graphs

2
2

3
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9

-10
10

10

11

1-1

ii

12
13

Stylus Replacement 16
Stylus

Maintenance

Belt

Replacement 17

17

Troubleshooting 18
ADVANCED OPERATION

Surface

Clarity

Control

(SCC) 18

Suppressor

18

19

SURFACE
plankton,

and schools of bait fish

2

surface of the water
large

These echoes can extend
down the

fish or

Lowrance

called

"5CC"

CLUTTER

air

bubbles,

Algae,

boat

can create

surface echoes

paper

other

target

has a

"Surface

that combats surface

on the

and

interfere with

echoes.

special

Clarity

Control" or

wakes,

near the

paper.

far

feature

clutter
effectively.
THERMOCLINE
ferent

temperature

the warm and

layers meet,
water is formed that

signals.

This is

Junction of dif-

layers.

cool

temperature

a

discontinuity

reflects sonar

called a thermo-

When

in the

dine.

TRANSDUCER The "antenna"

a sonar unit.

crystal
energy

sound

the water. It then

sound in its

into electrical

receiver. Transducers

of

ety

styles

which bolt thru a hole

"Shoot-Thru-Hull"

hull,
directly

fiberglass

required,
bolts

directly

either

hull,
bottom of

TRANSPORT
mechanism that

the

chart

roll,

past

on

the

tains the

train.

gear

This contains a small.

that

converts the electrical

from

the transducer into

and

energy

sends it into

converts

frequency range

pulses

for the

have a van-

including

"Thru-Hull"

drilled in the

—

to

the inside of a

hull with no holes

and "Transom

to the transom of

below or flush with the

the boat.

ASSEMBLY The

holds and

from the full

paper

the

takeup

paper

stylus,

and rolls it

side. It

drive

-

also con-

motor and

any

back

epoxied

solid

Mount"

the

pulls

paper

29

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the sonar can

that are 11/2 inches

gets

is considered

This

However,

was 500
sonar could
that are at least 12 inches

That is

pick

the

pulse lengths

why

a sonar unit that

capability

separate

if a sonar'

micro-seconds,

only separate targets

it is so

to

change

for

The X-16 allows

down to 30 micro-seconds or one
inch!

SECOND ECHO A second echo

can

appear

roughly
actual

caused
travelling

off of

surface,

hitting

finally
transducer.

nal can do this

can see if

and turn

times

can be
SENSITIVITY

sonar unit

unit can
in the water
then it is said

sensitivity.
adjusts

different
gain.
SCALE

or near the chart

on

on the

twice the

bottom

signal.

the transmitted

by

thru the

the

bottom,

reflecting

the bottofti once

striking

three, four,

the surface and the

Actually,

many

are in shallow water

you

the

up

displayed.

sensitivity.

The

to

display targets.

or

small

very

display

to have

A

sensitivity

level of the receiver for

the

conditions. Also called

Depth markings printed

can be shown in

meters.

Range.

SIGNAL-TO-NOISE
noise level divided

level in a circuit is

Often confused with

two tar-

apart.
resolution.

good

pulse length

then the

apart.

important

gives you

to

to narrow

resolution.

good

pulse lengths

display

depth

water, reflecting
returning

off the

at

of the

This is

signal

to the

surface,

again,

the sonar

times as

Some-

and

sig-
you

or more echoes

of a

ability

targets deep

small

high

paper

feet, fathoms,

RATIO The

by

expressed

detail,

control

the

signal

If a

These

or

by

the term

a

sonar,

is desirable because

suppression
easier for the unit to

the true

targets,

signals

STYLUS This is the fine wire that
does the actual

graph
voltage

which causes it to burn

signals returning

rather than a mixture of

and noise.

recorder's

is

the white outer

paper, exposing
underneath. Use care when han-

a

dling

stylus.

the unit is

STYLUS SKIP This is a

that occurs when the

doesn't contact the

of the chart

in the record where

gaps

stylus "skip'

the

problem

removing
into the

sometimes

out

replaced.

SUPPRESSOR
exclusive,

eliminate
display.

that noise

short

the transmitters

tracking
short noise

out.
STYLUS BELT A belt that travels

over two motor driven

typically
the

opposite
transmitter.

28

proper

stylus

It works on the

in duration.

stylus

to noise ratio. In

signal

high signal

is

to noise ratio

less noise

required

display only

and it is

from the

to the

on a

stylus

through

of the

marking

paper. A high

applied

coating

the black carbon

condition

stylus

the

Usually,

the

by

it when

by

stylus

a worn-

be

Never touch

operating.

entire surface

paper.

It then leaves

over

spots.

can be rectified

and

bending

shape, although

it is caused

which must then

A Lowrance

patented

noise from a sonar unit's

pulses

it with the

pulses

probess

are
By increasing

pulse length,

receiver,

are cancelled

has a holder that retains

and a

side that

magnet

triggers

to

principal

typically

the

pulleys.

on the

thd

and

It

Pulse

Alternate Transmit and Print

Save

Paper
Print

Intensity

Loran Interface
Power Booster

Summary
Glossary

Accessories

of Commands

SPECIFICATIONS
Dimensions
Dimensions

Weight

Chart

Transmitter

Frequency
Pulse Width

Output

Receiver
Chart

Voltage Range

Current Drain
Fuse

(with gimbal mount)
(instrument only)

Paper

(Adjustable)

Power

Sensitivity

Speed

23
24

24
25
26

26
26

29

1 0¼"W x 8¼"H x 65/s"D

2000

p-p

x

p.s

65/ct

12¼"W x 9"H

8.5

pounds

LPG-606

4" x 50' roll

(2)

192 kHz

-

30

s

1600 watts

200 watts RMS

—85 db

.10 -3.0 in/mm
10 - 15 vdc

amps, approximately

4

amp

1

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INTRODUCTION

The Lowrance X-16 is a

sophisticated recording depth

highly

sounder Thanks to a micro-com-

the X-16 can do more than

puter,

other sonar unit in its

any

range plus many
more.

Using

board,

at

changing

tom
boat
unit's

level, upper
range, paper speed, GRAYLINE,

and

patented
pression system

full control of the

your fingertips

demands of

conditions,

speed.

sensitivity,

more

many

Lowrance variable

that cost much

the

waterproof key-

to meet the

water

You can select the

discrimination

and lower

features. The

combined with

price

system

varying

depth,

depth

bot-

and

sup-

the new Discrimination feature not

filters out false

only

out

distorting

syncronized

function to

under all

HOW IT WORKS

When the

electronically regulated

drives a
the

right edge

paper

with the GRAYLINE

provide

conditions.

unit is turned

lightweight

The

stylus

this belt. When the

of the

top

made. This is called the zero
mark,

of

the water. The

FIGURE 1

paper

and

represents

GRAPH

PAPER

signals

the real

clear

belt located at

of the

is

attached to

stylus

a small

stylus

recording

with-

ones,

signals

on,

motor

is at the

mark is

the

surface

continues

but is

an

to move

paper

traveling
when an echo

stylus

paper.
which reflected the

read in

is

comparing

paper
on the

by
one revolution of the

very
the flexible

down the

while

through

makes

The

feet, fathoms,

to the

paper.

The

paper speed

a variable

narrow mark

edge

the sound

is

another mark on the

depth

pulse

the

water,

detected,

of the

object

echo can be

or meters

its location

depth

on the

scale

is controlled

speed

motor

stylus

will be made

stylus,

but the
will move a small amount before
the next revolution. Each mark will

blend into the one before so that a
composite picture"

will be

time.

INSTALLATION
Mounting

installed
provided

the best

made,

The

depth

viewing angle.

—

in

any

the unit can be tilted for

of the

one

tiny

sounder

convenient

mark at a

may

Holes

the bracket base allow wood

screw or bolt
stiffener

back of thin

support

Make certain there is

room on the back side of the unit

to attach the

mounting.

be

may

required

fiberglass panels

the unit.

power

PULLEY

DRIVE

-STYLUS
DRIVE

BELT

•

STYLUS

PULLEY

A wood

enough

and trans-

2

of the

and

the

printed

During

belt,

paper

target

be

area,

on the

is

by

a

by

in

to

on the X-16.

transmitted

stronger signals
into the water. This will

the

depth range

the

signal

ability
enhanced. For installation

instructions on the LPB-1

Because the

is

power

greater,

are transmitted

increase

of the unit and

to noise

to see small detail is

ratio, plus

92,

the

read

the owner's manual included with
the

To turn the

press

To turn

press

FREQUENCY

The Model LXC-16

converter allows the

either a 50 kHz or 192 kHz

operating frequency
discretion of the

switched from 192 to 50 kHz at

any

For

the

owner's manual included with

booster.

power

power

12- 2nd -5.

the

power

-

2nd

8.

time

by using

installation

booster
booster

CONVERTER

frequency

X-16 to use

at the

operator.

the

instructions,

It can

keyboard.

on,

off,

see

the LXC-16.

To turn

on, press

To turn

off, press

GLOSSARY OF

CAVITATION Air bubbles

against

typically

transducer installation. Aluminum

boats in

with cavitation. The

most
high speed.

ated

other
the face of the

proper operation

it must have solid

water at all times.
MICRO-SECOND

the

frequency

-

2nd

5.

the

frequency

2nd - 8.

TERMS

the transducer.

caused
particular

evident when

an

by

have

problem

travelling

Air bubbles are cre-

rivets, strakes, ribs,

by

objects

which then

transducer. For the

of the

contact with the

Unit of mea-

converter
converter

trapped

This is

improper

problems

is

at

or

over

pass

transducer,

sure. One micro-second is

to 0.001

measure the amount of time

unit is

W5.

NOISE
Noise can

recorder as small
randomly

paper.

cal sources such as

spark plugs, improper
mechanical

passing
transducer,

or

OUTPUT POWER The amount

of

transducer

Expressed
higher

be

unit

and
POWER

which

jack

increases its

PULSE LENGTH

second. Used in sonar to

transmitting.

Any

show

scattered across the

It can be

sources,

over the

vibration of the

a loose transducer

electrical

has,

smaller detail can be shown.

of the sonar

energy applied

by

in

the

output power

the

BOOSTER A device

connects to the transducer

Abbreviation:

undesired

on a

up

dots or lines

caused

alternators,

wiring,

air

face of the

mounting.

the transmitter.

wafts,

typically

deeper

it can

unit and

output power.

The

time that the sonar unit

a

This

and is
seconds. Also called Pulse Width.

RANGE Maximum
sonar

example,

feet on a

maximum
played

drops
feet.

RESOLUTION
sonar unit to
This

pulse length
pulse length

micro-seconds for

27

of sound

pulse

period

usually

unit is set to

before

off the chart

ability

into the water

of time is

referred to in micro-

a

range setting

graph

depth

very

depth

display.

means that the

that can be dis-

the bottom echo

paper

The

ability

separate targets.

is

determined

of the unit. If
is

very short,

example,

equal

the

signal.

graph

electri-

by

or

bubbles

engine,

to the

the

a sonar

read,

of

length
transmits

short

that a

For

of 0-60

is 60

of a

the

by

the

50

then

by

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COMMAND
CLEAR ENTRY
ALTERNATE TRANSM IT

DISCRIMINATION
PAPER SAVE
PAPER SPEED
POWER BOOSTER

PRINT INTENSITY
SUPPRESSOR
SURFACE CLARITY

FEET

FATHOMS

METERS

be used to
condition.

LORAN-C

A remarkable

X-16 is its

coordinates in either
ces

(ID's)

tude.

(NOTE:

designed

Loran-C

Loran to the

white and black
power

wire on the

(See Figure
proper

receiver.)

cable to the

connections have

alleviate

help

INTERFACE

advantage

to

ability

or

to

use

print

Latitude and

The

X-16 has been

only

To connect the

X-16,

simply splice

wire on the X-16's

white and black

Loran-Cs

2 on

page 3.)

SUMMARY

FUNCTION
CLEAR
ON/OFF

0-4

0-7
0-7

ON/OFF

0-2
0-7

(SCC)

this

Loran-C

Time Differen-

Longi-

the Lowrance

power

After the

been

0-7

ON
ON
ON

of the

the

cable.

OF COMMANDS

PRESS

CLEAR ENTRY

UPPER

LIMIT

2nd
OFF

2nd
2nd
2nd

turn on both the Loran and

made,

the X-16. After the Loran has
acquired

the

signals, press

The Loran coordinates will imme-

diately

the

Longitude
(TD's)
depending

is in. If 2nd

Loran is

be

printed vertically

Either Latitude and

paper.

or Time Differences

will be

on the mode the Loran

-

0 is

connected,

printed

stop pulling paper

approximately

POWER BOOSTER

A

power

LPB-192,
increase the transmitter's

of the X-16. It can be

power
turned on or off

four seconds.

booster,

is available that will

KEY:

& LOWER

-

DISC

-

-

2nd

-

-

-

-

by

6

PAPER SPEED

-

ON/2nd

5,

-

2nd

LINES

-

2nd

9

SCC

-

1

-

2

-

3

2nd

down

on the

pressed

paper

and no

the unit will

and

printing

Model

output

the

keyboard

-

7,

-

for

0.

cables. There should also

ducer

be

enough

panel

room to allow the front

door to

open.

If the desired location is closer

than 18" to a

run should be made with the

trial
unit in

the

compass readings

affected.
POWER CONNECTIONS

Twelve volt DC

sounder should be

depth

the boat's 12 volt electrical

by

system.
attached to an

but if

buss,

with electrical
cable should be attached
to the

If a

longer

ordinary

at

any

store.

ply

soldered, however,

then use

done,

all

Tape
tape.

There are two

that can be introduced into the
sonar

system

installation is

noise

picked up by

or

power

picked up by

Acoustic noise is caused

water

turbulence,

magnetic compass,

operation

The

battery.

#18

hardware or electrical

to be sure that

power

accessory

have

you

interference,

cable is

lamp

Splices

are not

for the

power

supplied

cable

may

or

problems

directly

required,

cord available

should be

if this isn't

crimp-type

with

splices

cable,

the transducer.

electrical

types

if an

improper

made,

electrical

the transducer

and acoustic

air bubbles

of noise

power

the

splices.

by

be

use

sup-

noise

passing
cavitation where a

over the

is formed

noise is minimized

a

carefully
instructions

by

the transducer installation

transducer,

partial

the flow of water. This

by following

concerning

the transducer.

Electrical noise is caused

the boat

by

tem.
and

Keep

power

engine's ignition sys-

the transducer cable

cable

away

ble sources of electrical inter-

ference.

cable

possible,
harness.

induced

Again,

directly

Cavitation and

noise can be

connect the

to the

battery

not the boat's

electrically

a careless installation has been

the

made,
and Discrimination is effective in

combatting

or after

water-to-transducer
made

is washed

warm
the water is essential
cavitation

bles on the transducer face.

but

Suppressor

Before initial

both.

prolonged storage,

contact will

if the face of the transducer

with

mild

water. Positive contact with

noise caused

detergent

to reduce

An in-line fuse holder with a 4

fuse is

amp
X-1 6. Be certain to install this as

close to the
as the boat
as

possible.

supplied
power

battery

This will

with the

source

or

protect

the sonar unit and the

and

vacuum

location of

mainly

from

possi-
power

if

wiring

generated

circuit

use

better

be

and

bub-

by

(such

power buss)

both

power

if

I—

.i.::

p6.0

B.0—

Figure

—— —

4

46

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I1iI

24.0 ——I

26.0

48.0—

60.Ofl—

26

FIGURE

OFE

(Negative)

2

3

cable in
Crimp

attach
power

power

ductor

ground

accidental

no

are reversed.
operate

applied.

FIGURE 3

When

you

ing

green

Booster and the other
is for connection to a Loran
receiver If neither of

tures are

the ends of the
wires so that

Refer to the Advanced

the event

connectors

the fuse

cable. The red
cable is the

holder to the

The black wire

or

negative

The

graph

is

protected

polarity

damage

will occur if the wires

The unit will not

until the

installing

will find two extra

from the

power

one is for an

to be

going

green

they

a short

are

positive

occurs.

supplied

wire in the

con-

is the

conductor.

from

reversals and

proper polarity

the

power

cable,

wires com-

cable. The
optional

Power

white wire

C

these fea-

used,

tape

and white

cannot short

Operation

section for more information

to

these wires.
TRANSDUCER SELECTION

Lowrance offers

of transducers with

20

degree

interchange
kHz sonar units. In other

any

cone

Lowrance

can be used with

transducer of the same

is

without

no loss of

the use of

turer's transducer will result in a
loss of

ducer

best fit

erally,

cers

suited for
water or at medium

20

retuning

performance.

Now

you

design

your

wide cone

(20

degrees)

degree

performance. However,

any

can select the trans-

operating

cone

you

either an 8 or

angle

with

any

sonar instrument

any

of

any kind,

other manufac-

and cone

specific

angle

are

in shallow

depths.

angle

to see more of the underwater

world. In 15 feet of water the 20
degree

bottom thath about 6 feet across.
The 8

only
FIGURE 4

cone covers an area of

degree

about a 2 foot circle.

Co,e

O.pth

7ft

L.

II" 4
III' 11 13

1240 28 7' I

transducer covers

I

AnSI.

lIlt I

I

4

on

the choice

that will

of our 192

words,

Lowrance

frequency

and

to

angle

needs. Gen-

transdu-

ideally

The

allows

you

the

50'

100'

150'

200'

8°at3db

LEVEL CHART SPEED REDUCED

1

2
3
4

5

6
7

to slow the chart

way

chart below

Save function and the

Paper
amount that

paper.

To

enable the

function, simply press

save

paper

then 6. The
immediately.

suppose you

down to 1/4 its

paper

speed.

paper

times slower than its
speed.

is
PSV=

that

our
Save value was

print

the chart

34.0

360

48,0

•

60.OFT— rL

Figure

Press 3

will now be

When the

enabled,

and the level of

selected. For

you

previous

PSV=3 on the

paper (See

- — --

Lao

-

45

the

gives

each level slows

Paper

desired,

should slow

paper

For

example,

wish to

-

2nd

traveling

Save function

Paper

the X-16 will

example

3. The X-1 6 will

- -

LOUPAITCE PSU3

PAPER SAVE

The

paper

of

range

Save

the

the

the level of

then

2nd,

slow the

present

-

6 and the

four

previous

print

save

paper

example,

the

bottom line of

Figure 45.)

in

Paper

1

TO

1/2

1/

1/4
1/5
1/6

1/
1/

The

also be used with the
Transmit and Print function which
will cut
half. This

paper speeds

operator.

To disable the

function,
and the

PRINT INTENSITY

Three levels of

provided
The

stylus printing

adjusted

by using

When the X-16 leaves the
the Print

To

change

level of

2

is

(0

then

press

For

example,

printing
LINES and the

chart

paper

darker

Save function can

Paper

Alternate

any Paper

gives

simply press

paper

Save

fourteen different

selectable

will

speed

by

Save

Paper

-

0

2nd

speed up.

print intensity

for different conditions.

can be

to

print lighter

the Print

Intensity

this

setting,

intensity

lightest,

too

2 is

2nd - LINES.

light, press

markings

should become

desired,

if the

or darker

Intensity

is set to level 1.

press

from 0 to

darkest)

stylus

-

2

on the

This feature is useful when a

becomes old.

stylus

'2" level or darkest

printing
using very

record has much
multiple stylus

area,

can

improve. If,

slow

the '0" or

By

using

the

level,

when

paper speeds,

overprint

strikes in a small

lightest

level can

25

in

the

-

6,

are

mode.

factory,

the

and

is

-

2nd

the

the

due to

PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

keyboard

desired and then

key.

transmit
seconds,

This will override the micro-com-
puter's

transmitter
micro-seconds. P = 100 will be

printed

to

signify

confirmed.
transmit

length
settings

To return

micro-computer, press
and the

the initial

ALTERNATE
PRINT

When

water,

conserve
able

more than the automatic
allows. However,

you may get
dark, heavy printing

that is difficult to read. Much detail

can also be lost due to this.

A feature that is available on the

X-16 is the Alternate Transmit and

Print function
vated,
every

every

plishes

every

recorded

the "over

good

slower

scale numbers are

more, making

PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

the initial

For

example,

pulse length

press

selection and set the initial

pulse length

pulse length

the PULSE

press

to set the initial

to 1 00 micro-

- 0 - 0 -

1

to 100

at the bottom of the

the

that

(Note:

pulse length

has been

entry
When an initial

is

set,

will be fixed for all

until

changed.)

control back to the

0

micro-computer

pulse length.

TRANSMIT AND

the X-16 in

using

or if

to slow the

causes the

other revolution instead of
revolution. This accom-

four

1. Since the

other

records are attainable at

paper speeds.

2. Reduces the

wish to

you

paper,

over

which,

things:

stylus only prints

revolution,

information doesn't have

simply

it

be desir-

may

paper speed

when

doing

print"

over an area

when acti-

stylus

the

print" problem,

Also,

spread

them more

possibility

PULSE.

paper

this

depth

-

PULSE

will select

deep

even

system

so,

or

very

to

print

therefore

the

out

legible.

of

"wrap-around".

able occurrence of the second or

third bottom echo

at the

paper
page. Many

fere with fish or other

wish to see.

you

3. Reduces the reverberation

effect. This
lower

frequency

happen
els. Reverberation is

scattered noise marks caused

on

the transmitted

trapped

the

heavy plankton layers
schools. This causes a

lines to be
enabling

function,
gered only
normal, puffing

the water
miller

which reduces the amount of

noise seen.

two. A

can be saved

nate Transmit and Print feature.
press

"4"
immediately

that the function is enabled.

and Print feature

between the surface and

bottom, usually

power, just

4. Divides the

significant

To turn this feature

the 2nd

The

key.

To turn the Alternate Transmit

the 2nd

"7"

immediately speed up, signifying

that the function has been turned

off.

PAPER SAVE
and Print

paper speed,

function

24

The

key.

Although

This is the undesir-

printed

or middle of the

top

times this can inter-

on the

targets

happens mainly

units,

higher frequency

heavy,

signal becoming

scattered in

on

but it can

mod-

or baitfish

great many

printed

on the

page. By

the Transmit and Print
the transmitter is

half as

(same

many

less

amount of trans-

not as

times as

energy

often)

trig-

into

paper speed by

amount of

by using

then

key,

paper speed

slow

down,

off,

and then

key

paper speed

simply press

the Alternate

function will slow the

the

Paper

is an even more

paper

the Alter-

on,

simply

press

will

signifying

the

press

will

Transmit

Save

powerful

that

by

the

Thus,

degree
for fish

drop-offs
that are

below
degree

to

greater

degree

a

sharp

deep-water

or

deeper)

at

sharp

cone

angle

more desirable because it can
more

accurately

tion of the

displaying
with the sound

centrated in a smaller
degree

greater depths.

Both the 8

degree
bottom

bottom
the 20
are

seeing

Remember,
the

signal

depth.

whether

you
mud,

Thanks to the LSB-200A trans-

ducer switch

would use a

you

transducer

or

strubture,

or

around

However,

you.

transducer won't

depths

transducer,

drop-off

and to see fish

reefs,

you

as well

as well. In

environment

or where

drop-offs,

can sometimes be

detect the loca-

drop-off

the fish. In

energy being

transducer can reach to

degree

transducers
readings,

signal

degree

even

is much wider on

model because

more of the bottom.

the shallow

shows

you

The rest of the

are over

you

dropoffs,

etc.

box,

you

the best of both worlds.

the LSB-200A near the

ing

operator,

8

degree

may

connected to the switch box. A

both a 20

cone

angle

be mounted on a boat and

cable from the switch box is

connected to the X-16. Now

either transducer
conditions dictate. Use the 20

degree
low to medium

switch to the 8

transducer when

may

depths
degree

20

when

looking

easily

just

20
penetrate

find

to

. . . not

the

as the 8

nor will it show

a

feet

(100

looking

you're

the narrow

without

water,

deep

area,

con-

the 8

and the 20

accurate

give

though

edge

the

you

of

the true

tells

signal

rocks,

can have

install-

By

degree

and an

transducer

then

be used

in

shal-

and then

transducer

as

when in

need

just navigation

water or when

deep

information.

Salt water boats need to have

the transducer

coat of anti-foulant
organisms

checked,
marine

decrease in the transducer's sen-
sitivity.

anti-foulant
crease the transducers

also.

growth

Do not use a metal based

There are

the market

painted

from

barnacles and other

will cause a

paint

special paints

specifically designed

with a thin

to

paint

growing.

If un-

as it will de-

sensitivity

prevent

for transducers and are carried

most marine dealers.
BASIC OPERATION

On-Off and

Rotate the

clockwise to turn the unit on. The
Sensitivity

the volume control on a

weaker

is,

with

higher settings

When

when

information is

sitivity setting

water or over

(which produce
setting

When

are

used,

will

appear.

caused

reflecting

water,

bottom and back.

Sensitivity

Sensitivity

knob works much like

signals

cruising,

or at other times

just simple

desired,

can be low.

soft,

will have to be

high Sensitivity settings

a second bottom echo

This is normal and is

the

by

making

returning signal

off the surface of the

a second

Control

knob

radio,

will be detected

the knob.

of

bottom

contour

the Sen-

In

muddy

weak

bottoms,

echoes),

higher.

to the

trip

If detailed information about

brush

thermocline is

sitivity

approximately

to the illustrations on

see what effect the
control
information.

piles,

individual

desired,

or the

fish,

the Sen-

knob should be rotated to

point.

page

Refer

6 to

setting

the ¾

Sensitivity

on the recorded

has

5

you

on

by

—

that

deep

the

Recording

"arched"
accomplished

with the

or

point,
section 'Arched

more information about

tant

function of the recorder.

244

36,0

individual

signature

at

Sensitivity

higher.

Refer to

Signatures"

/

480

FIGURE 5 SENSITIVITY: TOO LOW

0.0

-'

FIGURE

SENSITIVITY: PROPER SETTING

CLEAR

The CLEAR ENTRY

when a mistake has been made
when

unit.

set the lower

feet,

509. BEFORE
LOWER LIMIT

the CLEAR ENTRY

erases the

you

command.

6

ENTRY

entering

for

If,

and

a command to the

example, you

depth

by accident,

you press

key, you

mistake,

to re-enter the

fish with an

can

usually

trolling speed

knob at the ¾

the

for

this

impor-

L\ 4

is used

key

wish to

limit to 500

you press

the

can

press

which

key
and

allows

correct

DISCRIMINATION

be

12.0

b'240

360

0

Noise

pulses

complaint
about sonar

had the
system

quite
from the

back to the

that it increases the

pulse length

olution and causes
close
"blob" instead of two

images.

Discrimination is a

installed in the X-16's micro-
processor

process

receiver,

are
print only

Using

ted
increased,
high

immunity

Discrimination is

Suppression, however,
suppression

levels of Discrimination are
chosen. For a

tion of

Discrimination,
Operation

pression".
Discrimination that can be

is the lowest level whereas the

(0)
highest

level and should be used

when

Another

nation is its
interference from other

sounders. This allows
taneous

depth

both units on. If

most often received

units. Lowrance has

patented

for

many years

effective at

display.

Suppression

which

together

that enables it to

the

output

determine which

noise and eliminate

the

legitimate

this

concept,

does not have to be

pulse

therefore records with

resolution and

can be achieved.

is used

Suppression

section entitled
There are five levels of

value

(4)

severe noise is

advantage

ability

operation

sounder and the

6

are the

to

largest

Suppression

which is

eliminating

The

decreases res-

targets

merge

from the

draw-

only

system

transmitter's

that are

into one

distinct
program

signals

them,

echoes.

noise

then

the transmit-

noise

high

interlaced with

and

some

when

higher

complete explana-

and

see the Advanced

"Sup-

used.

is the

stron9est

only

present.

of Discrimi-

to filter out

depth

the simul-

of a

digital

X-16. Turn

interference from

is

Suppressor
Suppressor

above 3. The

will

override the automatic

tion

that Discrimination chose. If a

suppression

selected

X-16 will

Discrimination level, For

the Discrimination
the

Suppressor

"fixed")

"D

print

that

some level of

in use.

lab

24.0

36.0

4S.0—

60,0FT——B1F--L0URAr1CE

FIGURE 43

PULSE
In the

manual,

between

ship

target separation.

increases,
pulse

aration or
but

deep

improves. However,

width is

becomes much better. The

allows
this fact
override the initial transmitter

pulse length setting

micro-computer

to the

level

by

control at

Suppressor

level

greater

the

by
print

to

=

(See Figure 43.)

Suppressor

we

operator,

an

"F' after the

level is 1 and

level is

then the

3,

1 F'. This is a

suppression

-

section of this

explained

pulse

length

As

target separation,

increases,

length

resolution is

water

penetration

if the

decreased,

to take

you

by making

Lower Limit.

resolution

advantage

it

from what

selects

The initial transmitter

can be set from 30

length

the

using

level

any

control

selec-

than 0 is
then the

example

set

(or

X-16 will

reminder

- 12.0

-

the relation-

and

pulse length

target sep-

degraded

pulse

X-16

possible

according
pulse

ps

is

—

84,0

-

60

OFT-j

As

of

to

the

to

1700

ps by entering

keyboard. By setting
transmitter

three inch resolution is

50

ps equivalent

and 30

half,

pulse

length

resolution! No other

if

recorder in the market

give you

this feature. After

with to 100

pulse

to an inch and a

initial transmit

ps

is

equal

the initial transmitter
the Discrimination

used to eliminate noise and
have

good

resolution.

The X-16 will

transmitter
bottom of the
over-ride the

distinguish
pulse

printed
will

print

to 100

initial
played

Figure

NOTE: If a

micro-seconds or

the

by

disabled.
imum

the

pulse length

micro-seconds.

To set the initial transmitter

pulse length, simply press

pulse length

the initial transmitter

from the other information

on the

P=100

micro-seconds.)

pulse length

as P=50.

44

operator,

Also,

power

function can be

display

paper

micro-computer.

paper,

(if

would be dis-

(See Figure 44.)

pulse

less is chosen

the

less than max-

is transmitted

is

23

it on the

the initial

jis,

obtained,

to one inch

graph

pulse length,

when

the

the

length

Suppressor

less than 100

today

setting

the

initial

at the

you

graph

pulse

A 50

110

when

on the

can

still

To

is set

ps

a

is

PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

PAPER SPEED CONTROL

This

the chart

When

the

This
graphs,

depths
low

information from
pressed.

key adjusts

paper.

the X-16 is first turned

paper speed

setting

in shallow to medium

when

will show

It

speeds

and

The
be turned down when
unit in

deep

vent
record.

will
imum
when

To

chart

level
press

paper speed
immediately.

Remember,

appear,
down

achieved. The
also be

from

gaps

In

fact,

automatically

speed

operating

change

paper, simply press

desired,

PAPER

the

turn the

until a solid record is

slowed

for fish or to

If

paper.
strike"

speed

when the

past
stylus

of the

heavy,
paper. Usually,

solve this
paper speed up.

nate Transmit and Print or the
Paper

Advanced
manual,

GRAYLINE CONTROL

heavy printing,

occurs,

Overstrike

up.

paper

the

stylus,

to

print

previous

black marks on the chart

problem

Save function listed in the

Operation

may help

the

speed

Its

range

is set to level 5.

is

good

trolling.

proper

for detailed

fish arches at

keeps high speed

com-

being

paper speed

using

water. This will

appearing

the

microcomputer

slow the max-

of the chart

in

the

speed

from 0 to

SPEED

should

if

gaps

paper

paper speed may

when not

simply

paper

water.

deep

of the

7,

change

in the record

speed

looking

conserve

or "over-

turn the

which causes the

over a

mark. This makes

the easiest

paper

happens

moves too slow

large portion

is to turn the

However,

section in this

also.

is 0 to 7.

should

in the

the new

then

key.

way

Alter-

The GRAYLINE function can be

of

on,

the

pre-

The

to

SUPPRESSOR LEVEL INITIAL TRANSMIT PULSE INCREASE

(micro-seconds)

0 AUTOMATIC

1 0

2 100
3 200
4 330
5 450
6 600
7 800

IF INITIAL TRANSMIT PULSE

LENGTH IS LESS THAN 500 MICRO-

SECONDS:

DISCRIMINATION LEVEL

0

SUPPRESSOR LEVEL

1
1

2 2
3

3

4 4

IF INITIAL TRANSMIT PULSE LENGTH

MICRO- SECONDS:

DISCRIMINATION LEVEL SUPPRESSOR LEVEL

0

1

IS GREATER THAN 500

1

2

the

•

(random
tically

increase
until

To use the Discrimination func-

tion, simply press

noise

then the

4,

key.

ate
present

ination
bottom of the
level is entered and at intervals

thereafter. When
shipped

crimination level is set to 1.

The Discrimination function can

be disabled at
ingO-DISC.

Example:
FIGURE 7

shows

digital

short lines

across the

the

are

they

Discrimination level

gone.

on the

up

running

paper),

the level of

rejection

There should be an

change

on the

setting

desired,

Disc

(Discrimination)

in the amount of noise

paper.

is

printed

each time the

paper

the X-16 is

from the

Enter a Discrimination

level of

factory,

time

any

4.

----0.0--—

X-16

then

from 0 to

immedi-

The

Discrim-

at the

the Dis-

by press-

ver-

2 3
3

4

4 5

-

fl'

4

DISC FIGURE 8

•

--

' •

•

-•

-

12.0

48,0

is

automatically

the Discrimination level is

increased. This is done for better

noise

rejection.

shows the

Suppression
Remember,
adds

nothing

pulse length.

In other

selected was 525 feet and a

Discrimination level of

PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

increased when

The

following

relationship

and Discrimination.

Suppressor

between

value 1

to the initial transmit

lower limit

words,

if the

2 was

selected,

would be: 525 + 200
micro-seconds. We added the ini-

chart

tial transmit

seconds which is listed

initial transmit
micro-seconds,
pressor

Discrimination
So the total

length

if we

22 7

the transmit

pulse

pulse length

=

of 525 micro-

in the

chart,

pulse

level

3,

-

initial transmit

is 725 micro-seconds.

we can increase the

want,

is

which

according

Suppressor

725

to 200

Sup-

to the

chart.

pulse

Now,

PRESS:

—nfl ———-— — — — ——__________

12.0

24.0

used to outline the bottom contour

which

beneath trees and
also

give

otherwise be hidden

might

clues to the

it can

brush;

composition

of the bottom. A hard bottom

returns a

a wide

ing

or

weedy

which is

signal
narrow

gray

the control

line on the
showing

the

FIGURE 9

no

target

very strong signal

line. A

gray

bottom returns a weaker

emphasized

line. Do not advance

too far or it will
target completely,

which makes

black,

difficult to see.

soft,

caus-
muddy

with a

gray

LOWER LIMIT

When

the

range

To

change

simply press
the

keyboard,

LOWER LIMIT

—

12.0—

—240

—360—--———-

—400--——

—

60.OFT—— 3=1—-—— LOIJRAMCE

FIGURE 11

Example: Change range

Press: 7

—15.0—--— _——-—

—

30.0

45.0 - —

first turn on the X-1

you

will be 0-60 feet.

to a

deeper range,

the desired

and then

key.

—

feet.

-

-

5

LOWER LIMIT

-

________—---—

depth

press

-

——480—

- - -

to 0-75

——-—450

6,

on

the

120—

—240-—-

260—

60.OFT

15.0—

30.0——

down to a

minimum when

looking

for fish.

However,

to have

resolution is not a concern. When
using

easier for the unit to detect a
longer pulse coming

bottom or from fish. This is called
"Probability

The

probability

able to detect an echo

from

because the further the sound
pulse

becomes.
length,

it is

helpful

longer pulse

a sonar in

of Echo Detection".

of the unit

water is diminished

deep

has to

travel,

By broadening

in

essence,

sometimes

width when

deeper

water,

back from the

returning

the weaker it

the

a

larger signal

it is

being

pulse

is transmitted and it is easier for

the receiver to detect it.

For this

puter

increases the initial

the unit as

set

pulse length

reason,

in the X-1 6

deeper

the

by

operator. (Note:

the unit when the

control is set to

LOWER TRANSMIT

LIMIT PULSE WIDTH
(feet) (micro-seconds)

the micro-com-

automatically

pulse length

lower limits are

is the

pulse length

Suppressor

minimum.)

Initial

of

of

from 600 - 879

length
depth plus

foot OVER 600 feet. In other

per

words,
feet,

length
seconds.

4 micro-seconds

with a lower limit of 700

the initial transmit

would be 1100 micro-

The transmit

feet is the

pulse

pulse length

be increased from the initial

at

Suppressor
amount

the initial transmitter

seconds. In other

and the

7

seconds.

time

any

is

approximately

LOWER LIMIT is set
increased to the

-

2nd

length

1220.)

by using

control. The maximum

of

pulse length

800 micro-

words,

Suppressor

-

9)

would be 1220 micro-

(420

maximum, (press

the transmitter

initial + 800

the

added to

pulse length

if the

to 420

control is

The amount that the initial
transmit
with

following

number in

pulse length

suppression

INITIAL

chart.

the

is increased

is listed in the

Remember,

hand column

right

Qis)

can
point

feet,

pulse

=

the

1-19 110

——--—-— —

—

— —— —

111

Remember,

feet.

at this

—600

LD4RFMCE——-— 75 OFT

any depth may

displayed

paper.

to

0-256

LIMIT

paper speed

range setting.

slows

20-29 130

30-199

-

200

599 Same as LOWER LIMIT

-

600

879 Same as

880 - maximum

From 200 feet to 599

initial

pulse length

same rate as the
example,

set to 260

pulse length

with the LOWER LIMIT

feet,

increases at the

depth.

the initial transmit

would be 260

the LOWER LIMIT is set to 390

the

feet,
would be 390

initial transmit

The

ps.

feet,

For

pulse

pulse

the

p5.

160

LOWER

LIMIT +

1700

j.s

4ps/ft

is the amount added to the initial

transmit
chosen,

automatic. This ties in with the

If

Discrimination feature. As different
levels of Discrimination are

selected,

is set to

21

When

pulse length.

Suppressor

the

suppressor

and the
0",

Suppressor

the

suppression

over 600'

level 0" is

level is

level

level

FIGURE 10

RANGE

The

range

keyboard
between

increments. Please read this sec-

tion

the X-16's

to select

0 and 8000' in 1 foot

carefully

range capabilities.

GRAYLINE "ON"

function utilizes the

any range

to

the most out of

get

600——-—

—75 OFT

FIGURE 12

NOTE:

be used as a lower limit

at the bottom of the chart

Example: Change range

Press: 2-5 -6- LOWER

Note that the

automatically

8

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-

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—- --

50.4

-

t;

FIGURE
graph

the

ability

bottom or from other fish will
decreased.

Therefore,
suppression setting,

Increase the
only

remove the

noise marks.
low or

suppression

'4,':

c

FIGURE 41

To use the

press
suppression

and then
the 9

wanted

suppression
would

order.

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H'

j/'11

40

record becomes coarse

to

separate

if,

fish from the

(See Figure

the lower

the

the

as far as

Suppressor

necessary

erratic,

unwanted

Most of the time at

trolling

-.

-

-'

speeds,

will be

no

necessary.

—-,- \...

'

,

ekF

$'SWC

-

r

the desired

press

For

key.

to increase the

press:

When

Suppressor, simply

desired,

example,

level to

5

any Suppressor

' ''1

4rzrr—"

PROPER

amount of

from 0 to 7,

the 2nd

5,

-

-

2nd

9,

41 &

better.

setting

to

OURAIICE

SETFING

key

if

you

then

in that

and

be

42.)

and

you

level

FIGURE 42 SIJPPRESSION:TOOHIGH

than 0 is

other
printed

chart
suppressor

the X-16

The

system
ability

diminished

is increased.

second)

on the X-16 when

used

turned

first
to

display

are

only

words,

are

apart

paper, they
separate

mitter is

pulse
the transmitter's

''

400

ps, (by

pressor)
arches will blend

show
possibly

paper.

With a 400

width,
have to be at

before
separate

This is
the

Suppressor

chosen,

the bottom line of

on

For

paper.

will

only disadvantage

is that

to

separate targets,

example,

level is set to

print:

resolution,

when the

A 200

transmitter

will allow

on,

two fish or

6 inches

if two fish that

displayed

will show

arches

operating

length.

those

as

up

even

when the trans-

Now,

pulse

increasing

same two fish

one fish or

a 'blob" on the

is transmit

same two fish will

those

least 12 inches

will show

they

arches

it is

why

important

control turned

the level is

SUP=5.

pulse

is

(micro-

pulse

power

targets

apart.

are 6 inches

on the

up

with a 200

if we increase

length

the

together

up

on the

20

the

if the

then

5,

this

to
or the

is

length

length

is

the unit

that

In other

graph

as two

ps

to

Sup-

and

pulse

apart

as two

graph.

to leave

'yL

j/

102.4—--—

653.6

256.OFT 01 LOIJRAIICE

FIGURE
UPPER LIMIT

Many

expand

is

to show

possible by
segments

by using

tion.
allows

range

paper.

Example:

20.0

23.0--

36.0

44.0-—

I.

52.0

60.6 FT

FIGURE 14

Example:

—-—--——--—-———

——

— —-- ——

13

it is desirable to

times

a section of the area that

displayed

on the

more detail. This is made

the X-16 to show

of the underwater world

the UPPER LIMIT func-

the UPPER LIMIT

Using

to

you

the

at

Turn on unit and set

range

Press: 2
Press: 6

-

-

— —-----—-

graph

display any depth

of the chart

top

to 20 - 60 feet.

-

0

UPPER LIMIT

-

0

LOWER LIMIT

-

—--

——---

--—— —-—

—---—

——

21

Press: 4

7

Press:

----——----

Set

feet.

- 5 -

- 2 -

—

LOURAIICE

range

UPPER LIMIT
LOWER LIMIT

to 45

recorder

---20,0

-

-28.0

— -

—- -—--

-

72

102.4

153.6--

204.0

256.OFT

key

36.0

44.0

60.0 FT

66.2

--

?2.OFT

FIGURE

can be used
tions to

surface to the
where in

segment
displayed
Representative

paper
this

settings
the 2nd

key.

printed
This

selling.

-:

lower
8000

the

on water
tions,

transducer installation.

_ —— —-

---

31-—

15

The

Upper

in various combina-

show

between. A one foot

the

of

at

any

shown in the back of

are

manual.

wish to

If

you

at

any

and then the SCALE

key

The current

on the

will not

NOTE:

change

Although

limit of the

the actual

feet,

X-16 will reach is

conditions,

and the

the X-16 will reach

approximately

booster. You

power

less

or

-

LINES

on,- depth

the
Lines

depending

When the X-16 is first

lines will

off,

If

you

press

paper.

turn the lines back

LINES

key again.

9

61.2-—-

66.6-

—-

LPMCE

Lower Limits

and

segments

bottom and

depth

time,

samples

display your depth

time,

simply

range

paper immediately.

the

the

depth

bottom

quality

a

1000 feet

may get

—

72.PFT—

from the

any-

can be

if desired.

of chart

press

will be

depth

maximum

range

that

depth

dependent

condi-

of the

Typically,

of

depth

without a

more

on conditons.

turned

be

printed

to turn the

desire

LINES

the

on, press

key.

the

-

is

on

To

Example:

Press:

12.0

24.0

26.0

49.0

60.0 Ft

FIGURE 16

MARKER

Turn lines off:

LINES

21

key

L0IJRAHCE

An event marker function

included in the X-1 6 so

be marked when desired.

may

use the

MARK

be

page.

and a vertical
for as

down.
Example:

12.0

240

36.0

40.0

60.OFT

FIGURE 17

SCALE
depth

desired.
once will

marker,

key

displayed

Hold the MARK

simply press

and a vertical line will

across the entire

line will be

as the

long

Press: MARK

-

91

The

numbers that indicate

or scale

Pressing

stop

L0URAMCE

may

the SCALE

the

key

be

printing

12.0

240

36.0

40.0

60.0FT

is

that events

the

down

key

printed

is held

12.0

24.0

26.0

40.0

the

deleted if

key

of

the

scale numbers.
displayed again

SCALE

Remember,

displayed

the 2nd

key.

Example:

Press: SCALE

To

FIGURE 18

MEMORY/RESET

The Lowrance X-16 has

internal
supphed

even when

turned off. The

be

unplugged

the X-16 will

last

settings

when the unit was

removed from the

the X-16's functions

settings,

the 2nd

press

the MARK

be set

FUNCTION
RANGE
DISCRIMINATION
PULSE WIDTH
SUPPRESSION
PRINT INTENSITY
PAPER SPEED
5CC
PAPER SAVE

up

to

The scale

by pressing

key.

the

scale

at

key

battery

to the

any

and then

that

memory

the

power
power

time

from the unit and

still remember the

that were in effect

turned off or

boat. To reset

turn the

unit on and

and

key

The unit will then

key.

as follows:

may

the

be

may

by pressing
the SCALE

an

keeps power

circuits

switch is

cable

may

to their

factory

then

press

LEVEL
0-60 FEET

0

(automatic)

0

(automatic)

0
0

be

The SCC

lower limit

on the

range,

upper

upper

The maximum
SCC is 255 feet.

The

should

the amount of SCC

only
to

reduce the

signals

this

method,

If

you

function

SCC

and the SCC function

disabled.

—

12.0 -

240

36.0

49.0

—

60.0 FT

FIGURE 38

SUPPRESSOR

The

suppression

a

patented pulse

discrimination

It is the

all Lowrance

flashers
works on the

noise

pulses

duration, If the

be

adjusted

only

long pulses,

pulses

the

only
bottom, structure,
displayed.

control tracks the

depth

60% of the chosen

upper

with

zero

limit,

regardless

limit

displayed

effective

effect on

immediately

surface clutter

clutter,

and works

range
always being

of the

on

the

depth

be

seen. Use

required

as

fish

can be eliminated

also.

wish to turn the 5CC

OFF,

simply press

—

01

Suppressor

—

62

LOl/RANCE 60.0 st

-

is a

noise

system

consisting

length

suppression

same as the one

variable

and

graphs. Basically,

principle

are of

so that it

will be

cancelled

desired

Of

course,

suppression

that

relatively

receiver circuit can

will

then the short

information

etc.)

accept

out,

will be

the

the

paper

for

by using

-

0

will be

t2.0—

240—

26.0

SCC: 2

of

circuit.

used on

it

most

short

and

(fish,

transmitter's

have to

time

so that the return

would be

This is

Lowrance
does. The

length
keyboard,

the amount of

length, cancelling

noise

pulses,

the

return echoes
bottom,
sensitivity

this

by

Noise,

undesired

any

caused

as the

(such

system)
disturbed

cavitation.
could

produce

the

paper. (See
Fortunately,
relatively

to real sonar

the

Suppression

FIGURE 39
system

short

pulses

sensitivity

This

exclusive with Lowrance.

with

19

patented design

high suppression

pulse length

be increased at the

accepted
exactly

is

increased

etc.

process.)

what the

suppression

transmitter's

and

the receiver 'tracks"

increased

and

(Note:

is not

diminished at all

in electronic

signal.

an electrical

by

engine's ignition

or

air bubbles in

by

water which is called

In both

unwanted marks

Figures

noise

short in

to

reject
in

time

signals. Increasing

will cause the

these

without
any way.

would

same

echoes

the

receiver.

by

system

pulse

any

the

pulse

narrow

is

by using

out

displaying only

from fish or the

receiver

terms,

It can be

source,

cases,

pulses

the

39

&

are

compared

unwanted,

reducing

is

However,

settings,

noise

40.)

the

the

on

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washed
soapy

mulated
This
contact between
and

the
with a

hol to
metering

transport

is

stylus may
sonal

TROUBLESHOOTING

periodically

water to remove

road

is essential to have

the water.

Periodically,

Don't

drive should be cleaned

paper

cloth

dampened

improve

roller drive.

open

assembly

running.

The

be

injury may

with mild

accu-

any

grime

or

oily

good

film.

the transducer

the rubber roller on

with alco-

the friction on the

the case or the

when the unit

holder and

stylus

damaged

result.

or

per-

Symptom

On/Off
stylus

On/Off
mark,

echoes.

switch is

and

paper

switch is

but no bottom

The unit works

stopped
loses the bottom

speed,
lines.

Blank

Paper stops pulling.

ADVANCED

Surface

The surface

the chart

of

extend
surface.

or at slow

or makes

in record.

spots

OPERATION

Clarity

markings

paper

feet below the

many

This often interferes

properly

Control

but the

"ON",

don't move

have zero

"ON",

signal

when

speeds,

at

signal

heavy

black

(SCC)

at the

at

can,

times,

or

but

high

with

PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

fish

signals

or other

is called Surface

caused
bubbles caused
boat

temperature
can be reduced or eliminated

using

front
thru 7

amount of 3CC

the SCC

effect on surface

maximum effect on

What

Check fuse;
battery

by algae

wakes,

bait

inversions.

The surface

the SOC

panel keyboard.

To use the

To Do

3CC, press key

(depending upon

1 has

key.

check connections

for

tightness

clutter

control

Be sure the transducer is

the unit and the transducer

into

making
Transducer is

Read transducer installation
instructions for the

mounting procedure.

Stylus

the chart

according

?. If this does not

stylus.
Check

improper tracking.
paper

the

contact with the water.

improperly

is

"skipping"

paper. Readjust

to the

for

paper

and

retape

take-up paper

surface clutter. 2 thru 6 have
intermediate effects.

of SCC that is used is
the bottom of the

top

one level
3CC-i is

SCC-2,

18

of SCC is

printed.

etc.

targets.

Clutter and is

and

wave action or

by

fish,

desired)

a minimum

clutter,

reducing

and corrosion.

correct

over

diagram

help,

binding

Straighten

it

squarely

core.

The amount

chart

used,

Two

This

plankton,

or

markings

on the

key

the

and then

7 has the

plugged

installed.

areas of

stylus

on

page

replace

or

the

onto

printed

paper.

then

levels,

air

by

1

at

is

at

If

POWER BOOSTER OFF

ALTERNATE TRANSMIT

PRINT OFF
LINES ON
SCALES ON

FREQUENCY
CONVERTER

BATTERY BACKUP

If

do not

you

the functions

Advanced

the
this manual

The

Memory

turned on or off as desired.

the

Memory

the

only
Fathoms,
retained.

To turn the

ii

press

To turn the

10- 2nd -5.

press

FATHOMS,

FEET,

The X-i 6 will

in

feet, fathoms,

Although

recognize

listed

Operation

for more instructions.

function can be

function is turned

mode

depth

or

Meters)

Memory

-2nd-5.

Memory

display

or meters.

the unit will revert back

to the feet mode whenever

2nd - MARK feature is used
above),

any
the 2nd

2nd
for meters.

mode,
displayed

depth

the letters "FA"

and the
displayed

meters

it is

simple

mode

-

2 for

When the unit

wish

you

and then 1 for

key

fathoms,

the letters 'PT"

next to

In the Fathom

scale.

letter "M" will be

when

mode.

is in the Feet

the lower limit

will

the unit is in the

&

some of

above,

look in

section of

When

(Feet,

will be

function
function

METERS

the

depth

the

to

change

by pressing

feet,

and 2nd

will be

be

displayed,

OFF

ON

off,

(see

to

-

mode,

off,

on,

3

Example:

Press: 2nd

0.0----—

to.0FA-—

FIGURE 19

Display

-

01

—

By looking

scale

printed

can determine if the unit

one
feet

(M).
from one mode to another at

time.

END-OF-PAPER MARKER

The

fathoms

(FT),

The unit can be switched

graph paper

X-i 6 has a red line

bottom of the
when there is
before the end of the

iao

h

H- 24.0

36,0 36.0

46.0

LF1E

FIGURE 20

ZERO ADJUST

Occasionally,

the

line does

ii

stylus

or

not

Fathoms

-

2

—

L0tdHCE—

at the lower limit

on the chart

(FA),

paper

2 to 3 feet

only

when

belt,

stylus

at the same

print

or meters

used

printed

to

signify

paper.

changing

the zero

paper,

in the

at the

—-.---—:h-n-=

—

IO.DFA—

is in

any

2.0---

6.0

24.0—i

40.0—

near the

place

paper.
been

A zero

placed

wall of the X-1 6 near the
left hand corner so that the zero
line

position may

the

paper.

the case front and look for

Open

the decal marked "ZERO

ADJUST". You

the

paper transport assembly

down to see the decal for the first
time. Push the
and turn on the unit.

—

stylus
age

hands

Keep

belt and

is

present.)

Insert a 6-8'

with a l/g" blade into the zero
adjust

until the zero line is at the desired
position. (Note:

adjusted

Adjust

hole and rotate the control

with the unit

the

control,

the screwdriver and turn
back ON.

Repeat

line is in the desired

FIGURE 21

IV HOW TO READ GRAPHS

'rched

Signatures"

A remarkable

X-16 is that it can record individual

fish with a characteristic arched
mark that

their

separates

stationary surroundings.

of the chart

top

control has

adjust

on the back

be

adjusted

have to

may

transport

(CAUTION

from the

away

stylus. High

screwdriver

long

this

may

turned

then remove

until the zero

position.

advantage

them from

inside

upper

on

pull

closed

volt-

also be

OFF.)

power

of the

The

reason for

10.

moves into
sound is shown as "A"

22).

the center of the

tance to it will be
"B"),

cone,
again

FIGURE 22

If

the time

curves
vice-versa)

ducer is not

If

your

the

transom,

until the fish show the
arched
some trial and error until the
correct

a

,— fl.8

FIGURE 23

12 17

this is shown on

distance to a fish when it

(The

the sonar's cone of

in

When the

and as it

the distance will

as shown in

a

partial

up,

fish has moved to

the dis-

cone,

shorter,

moves out of the

increase

line "C".

arch occurs most of

on

your unit,

but

not back

(the

down,

it is because the trans-

pointed straight

transducer is mounted on

the transducer

adjust

signature.
mounting

distinctive

This

may

is

achieved.

:4rwt:rr:

-'

,-,t

-

-7' _i'"-

-

____

r——r

U E1-—

D2rt-z----- LUWRSS

page

Figure

(line

mark

or

down.

take

8. Close

the front of the case.

Latch both catches

on the

top

of the case.

STYLUS BELT REPLACEMENT
CAUTION

present

—

High voltage

is

in the electronic section

when the unit is turned on.

1.

TURN THE UNIT OFF.

2.

Release both catches on

of the case. Pull out and

top

down

on the

front and the
the

stylus

3. The

stylus

pulleys

of the

located at

transport

the front of the

position

of the

4.

Grasp

the

platen.

the belt at the

holder with the

and move it

finger

left while
the

pulleys

pushing

of the case

top

platen

belt.

belt rides over two

the

assembly.

belt DOWN to

stylus

thumb and fore-

the belt off

with the other

the

to

expose

right edge

Move

at the center

stylus

to the

gently

finger.

(See Figure 37.)

-.

FIGURE 37

5. Position the new belt on

pulleys by reversing
cedure used to remove

one. BE SURE the

the

the

pro-

the old

fingers

of

the new

6. Close the front of the

Latch both catches

stylus

are

pointed

case.

at the

UP.

top

the unit.

MAINTENANCE

Remember,

damaged

when the

platen

is

bly

pulled

the

stylus

transport

the

ing
should be rotated

the

stylus.

belt

up.

Black carbon

during

a

viewing
bly.

may

the

oil-free

soft,

Low

be used to blow dust out

the case and

if

parts

After

the

every

stylus

on should be
soft

rag

remove carbon dust.

the

stylus may

if it is in front of the

transport

down.

to'the back side of the

assembly

The

paper.

down to remove

Never rotate

dust is created

recording process.

door and

pressure compressed

the air is

belt and

moistened with

to

rag

transport

away

dry

five rolls of

wiped

Always

when

stylus

clean the

from

and

pulleys

clean

be

assem-

move

chang-

belt

the

stylus

Use

assem-

air

of

moving

free of oil.

paper,

it rides

with

a

alcohol to

All mechanical connections

should be checked

be sure

Do

they

not

apply any type

cant to the motors or

High voltage

transmitter section when the unit

is on.

No

attempt

by any

modify

section.

power plug,

cord
tions,

unauthorized

or

repair

If

corrosion should occur at the

fuse

splices,

clean as

to make sure that

made at all

being

The face of the

exposed

to the

periodically

haven't worked loose.

gear

is

present

should be made

person

the electronic

holder,

or

battery

required

water,

connec-

and check
contact is

good

terminations.
transducer,

should be

to

of lubri-

trains.

in the

to

power

if

of

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defined

10. Push the

back

Be sure it

inside

11. Close

Latch both catches

Turn the unit on.

12.

Chart

wise. Watch the

enough
smoothly

the

or

repeat step

STYLUS REPLACEMENT

CAUTION

•

present

transport

to its

operating

engages

the case.

the front of

Speed

to be

and

—

If the

to run

6.

High

platen.

begins

in the electronic

when the unit is

1. TURN THE UNIT

2. Release both

of the case.

•

top

down on the
front to

(See Figure

3. The

pulleys

of the

expose

stylus

located

transport

the front of

position

of the

platen.

4. Hold the

with one

old

stylus

and

edge

under the tabs

holder.

5. Before

FIGURE 34

installing

top

24).

belt

the belt DOWN to

the

stylus

stylus
finger,

by starting

moving

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assembly

position.

the catch

the case.

on the

Move the

fully

across

paper

"uphill",

clock-

moving
flutters

is

knob

paper long

sure it is
evenly

voltage

section

turned on.

OFF.

catches on the

Pull out and

of the case

the

rides over two

at the

assembly.

stylus

right edge

belt.

Move

at the center

belt

stationary

and remove

at its left

it out from

on the

stylus

the new

stylus,

top.

the

FIGURE

sure it is bent

be

comparing

6. Refer

to

the new

correctly

holder. Be sure
in the

stylus away

rubbing

N2.o

f ,[ .ai'o.m

FIGURE

7. After

16

installing,

won't

paper
bend the

more

pressure

against

If it still does not

bend the left

way,

more,

into the

35

properly

it to

Figure

stylus

is

34.

Figure

35 to be sure

positioned

under the tabs on the

it moves

two slots. If

from the

until it does move

on

not,

edge

bend the

I

36

if the

all the

print

as shown in

right leg

the stainless steel

but not so far that it

paper.

stylus

down the

way

Figure

down so that

is exerted

all the

print

down

leg

by

freely

it is

freeIt

12.0

41

36,

plate.

digs

Sharp,

will occur most often

Sensitivity
point,

there must be some

between the boat and
develop

this means
speeds

gear

THERMOCLINES

The temperature

lake is seldom constant

to bottom.

peratures

a warm and cool

called a thermocline.

23)

the thermocline

season or
lakes there

at different

are
because
are active.

will te above
while

just
this invisible

the

have

higher.

PAPER
NOTE:

manufacturing
inferior

Lowrance

chart

NOTE

every package
paper.

new

chart

CAUTION

present
when

well

knob

or

higher.

the arched

trolling

with the main

at minimum

Layers

form,

The

depth

time of

may

depths.

important

larger game

below

Your Lowrance

Sensitivity

to

are areas where fish

they

Many

the thermocline

it.

layer

to be set at the 1/2

LOADING

There are

to ours. Use

LPG-605 or LPG-606

in

paper

—

A

stylus

For best results,

stylusevery

paper

is

—

in the

the unit is

signatures

when the

is set at the ¾

Remember,

movement

that

the fish to

mark,

at

throttle

Usually

very

engine

setting.

slow

in

of water in the

from

of different tem-

and the

layer

(See Figure

thickness of

and

can

vary

day.

be two or

Thermoclines

the fisherman

times bait fish

fish

X-16 can detect

in the

knob will

many

chart

paper
only

X-16.

your

is enclosed with

of LPG—606 chart

other time a

changed.

voltage

High

electronic section

turned on.

top

junction

of water is

with the

In

deep

more,

suspend

water,

probably

or

point,

imitators

that is

the

install

roll of

is

of

but

TURN THE UNIT OFF.

1.

Release both catches

2.
of the case. Pull

top

on the

down

to

front

assembly. (See Figure

FIGURE 24

3. Move

position

the back

NEVER

could

Figure

FIGURE

13

top

expose

the

stylus

the

marking stylus

side of the

move the belt

damage

25).

25

on the

out and

of the case

the

platen

24).

bolt

DOWN,

platen.

up

the

stylus.

on

—

(See

to

it

Special

be

assembly
unless

moved to the
platen.

Note: The

damaged

is

the

stylus

4. Pull out and
at the

assembly
spools.

center

top

to

(See Figure

stylus

if the

pulled

has been

may

transport

down

back side of the

down on the tab

of the

platen

expose

the

26).

paper

•0

7. Slide a

chart
on the

on the

assembly.
spool

(See Figure

NOTE: Use Lowrance LPG-605 or
LPG-606 chart

fresh roll of

in

paper

supply

side of the

right

The

off the

bottom of

30).

paper only.

Lowrance

position

side shaft

must

paper

platen

the roll.

of

tape may

the

housing

Close the
assembly by

tabs

together

retainer and
retainer back to the

position.

be stored inside

for

this

of the

top

pressing

on the

returning

(See Figure

purpose.

transport

the two

paper

the

operating

32.)

FIGURE 26

5. To

remove the full

and the
press
together

transport

out and

retainer.

full

easily

core

6. Pull the
from the

empty supply

the two metal

on the

down on

(See

take-up

removed from the

shafts.

empty

right

top

assembly,

the

Figure 24).

roll can now be

(See

supply

side in

manner Install the

onto the
Figure 29). Align

notches in the core with

tabs on

spool.

take-up

the lower

shaft.

the two

take-up

spool,

tabs

of

the

and

paper

Figure

core

the same

empty

(See

take-up

roll

pull

The

paper

27).

core

the

FIGURE 29

14

8. Draw the

across the face
around the friction
the

squarely
(See Figure 31).

FIGURE 31

end of the

take-up core,

to the

paper

of the

platen,

roller,

and

tape

take-up

Small

9. Turn

over

it

core.

pieces

FIGURE 33

15

the small knob at

left hand side of

upper

transport

small
paper.

against
Figure

assembly

amount of

It should be

the

33.).

to

put

tension on the

snug

platen. (See

the

the

a

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