Lowrance LMS339C, LMS334C User Manual

www.lowrance.com
Pub. 988-0152-111
LMS-334c iGPS &
LMS-339cDF iGPS
Fish-finding Sonar & Mapping GPS
Installation and Operation
Instructions
Copyright © 2006 Lowrance Electronics, Inc.
No part of this manual may be copied, reproduced, republished, transmitted or distributed for any purpose, without prior written consent of Lowrance Electronics. Any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual is
strictly prohibited.
Lowrance MapCreate, FreedomMaps, IMS and NauticPaths are trademarks of LEI. Fishing Hot Spots Fishing Hot Spots Inc. Navionics
is a registered trademark of Lowrance Electronics, Inc.
is a registered trademark of
is a registered trademark of
Navionics, Inc.
eXitSource Database, copyright 2001-2005 Zenrin Co. Ltd. Exit Authority and eXitSource are trademarks of Zenrin Co. Ltd.
Lowrance Electronics may find it necessary to change or end our policies, regulations and special offers at any time. We reserve the right to do so without notice. All features and specifications subject to change without notice. All screens in this manual are simulated. On the cover: LMS-339cDF iGPS shown.
For free owner's manuals and other information,
visit our web site:
www.lowrance.com
Lowrance Electronics Inc.
12000 E. Skelly Dr.
Tulsa, OK USA 74128-2486
Printed in USA.
Table of Contents
Section 1: Read Me First!......................................................... 1
Capabilities and Specifications: .................................................... 3
How to use this manual: typographical conventions ................ 10
Arrow Keys.............................................................................. 12
Keyboard ................................................................................. 12
Menu Commands .................................................................... 12
Instructions = Menu Sequences ............................................. 12
Section 2: Installation & Accessories.................................. 13
Preparations................................................................................ 13
Transducer Installation.............................................................. 13
Recommended Tools and Supplies ......................................... 14
Single-frequency transom installations ............................. 14
Dual-frequency transom installations ............................... 14
Single-frequency trolling motor installations.................... 14
Shoot-through hull installations ........................................ 14
Selecting a Transducer Location............................................ 14
How low should you go?.......................................................... 16
Shoot-Thru-Hull vs. Transom Mounting ............................... 16
Transom Transducer Assembly and Mounting ..................... 17
Trolling Motor Bracket Installation (single-frequency only) 22
Transducer Orientation and Fish Arches .............................. 23
Shoot-Thru-Hull Preparation................................................. 24
Testing Determines Best Location......................................... 24
Shoot-Thru-Hull Installation ................................................. 26
Speed/Temperature Sensors ................................................. 28
Optional Speed Sensor Installation ....................................... 28
Power Connections...................................................................... 29
Powering a NMEA 2000
GPS Internal Antenna................................................................ 32
NMEA 2000 Cable Connections ................................................. 32
Connecting to a NMEA 2000 Network................................... 33
NMEA 0183 Wiring ................................................................ 33
Mounting the Unit: Bracket or Portable.................................... 35
MMC or SD Card Memory Card Installation ............................ 38
Other Accessories........................................................................ 39
Face Cover................................................................................... 40
Section 3: Basic Sonar Operation ........................................ 41
Keyboard ..................................................................................... 41
Power/lights on and off ............................................................... 42
Main Menu .................................................................................. 42
Pages ........................................................................................... 43
Satellite Status Page .............................................................. 44
®
Buss .................................................. 30
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Navigation Page...................................................................... 45
Map Page................................................................................. 45
SonarPage ............................................................................... 46
Basic Sonar Quick Reference ...............................................49
Sonar Operations ........................................................................ 50
Fish Symbols vs. Full Sonar Chart ........................................ 52
Other Free Training Aids ....................................................... 53
Section 4: Sonar Options & Features.................................. 55
ASP (Advanced Signal Processing) ......................................... 55
Alarms ......................................................................................... 56
Depth Alarms .......................................................................... 56
Zone Alarm .............................................................................. 57
Fish Alarm............................................................................... 58
NMEA 2000 Alarm ..................................................................... 58
Calibrate Speed........................................................................... 59
Chart Speed................................................................................. 59
ColorLine.................................................................................. 60
Depth Cursor............................................................................... 61
Depth Range - Automatic ........................................................... 62
Depth Range - Manual................................................................ 63
Depth Range - Upper and Lower Limits ................................... 63
FasTrack .................................................................................. 65
Fish I.D.................................................................................... 65
FishTrack................................................................................. 66
Frequency (LMS-339cDF only) .................................................. 68
HyperScroll .............................................................................. 69
Log Sonar Chart Data ................................................................ 69
NMEA 2000................................................................................. 70
Noise Rejection............................................................................ 70
Overlay Data ............................................................................... 70
Ping Speed & HyperScroll....................................................... 74
Reset Options .............................................................................. 76
Reset Water Distance ................................................................. 76
Set Keel Offset ............................................................................76
Sensitivity & Auto Sensitivity.................................................... 78
Sonar Chart Mode....................................................................... 79
Sonar Page & Sonar Chart Display Options ............................. 79
Full Sonar Chart ..................................................................... 80
Split Zoom Sonar Chart.......................................................... 81
Split Frequency Sonar Chart (LMS-339cDF only) ................ 81
Digital Data/Chart .................................................................. 82
Customize Page Displays........................................................ 82
Flasher..................................................................................... 83
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Map With Sonar Split Screen................................................. 84
Sonar Simulator.......................................................................... 84
Stop Chart ................................................................................... 86
Surface Clarity............................................................................ 87
Transparency ..............................................................................88
Upper and Lower Limits ............................................................ 89
Zoom & Zoom Bar ....................................................................... 89
Zoom Pan..................................................................................... 89
Section 5: Sonar Troubleshooting .......................................91
Section 6:Basic GPS Operations .......................................... 95
Keyboard ..................................................................................... 95
Power/lights on and off ............................................................... 96
Main Menu .................................................................................. 96
Pages ........................................................................................... 97
Sonar Page .............................................................................. 98
Satellite Status Page .............................................................. 98
Navigation Page.................................................................... 100
Map Page............................................................................... 103
Background map vs. MapCreate map content .................... 104
Basic GPS Quick Reference ................................................ 108
Find Your Current Position...................................................... 109
Moving Around the Map: Zoom & Cursor Arrow Keys ........... 109
Selecting Map Item With the Cursor....................................... 110
Searching................................................................................... 110
Set a Waypoint.......................................................................... 112
Navigate To a Waypoint ........................................................... 114
Set Man Overboard (MOB) Waypoint...................................... 115
Navigate Back to MOB Waypoint ............................................ 115
Navigate to Cursor Position on Map........................................ 116
Navigate to a Point of Interest................................................. 117
Creating and Saving a Trail..................................................... 117
Displaying a Saved Trail .......................................................... 119
Navigating Trails...................................................................... 120
Visual Trailing ...................................................................... 120
Navigate a Trail .................................................................... 120
Navigate a Back Trail........................................................... 122
Transfer Custom Maps and GPS Data Files ....................... 123
Cancel Navigation..................................................................... 125
Section 7: Advanced GPS Operations ............................... 127
Find Distance from Current Position ...................................... 127
Find Distance From Point to Point .......................................... 127
Icons........................................................................................... 127
Create Icon on Map............................................................... 128
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Create Icon at Current Position ........................................... 128
Delete an Icon ....................................................................... 128
Navigate to an Icon............................................................... 129
Routes........................................................................................ 129
Create and Save a Route ......................................................130
Delete a Route ....................................................................... 132
Edit a Route Name................................................................ 132
Edit Route Waypoints........................................................... 133
Navigate a Route................................................................... 133
Navigate a Route in Reverse ................................................ 134
Trails ......................................................................................... 135
Delete a Trail ........................................................................ 135
Edit a Trail Name ................................................................. 135
Edit a Trail Color .................................................................. 136
Edit a Trail Pattern .............................................................. 136
Utilities...................................................................................... 137
Alarm Clock........................................................................... 137
Sun/Moon Rise & Set Calculator.......................................... 137
Trip Calculator...................................................................... 137
Trip Down Timer................................................................... 137
Trip Up Timer ....................................................................... 137
Waypoints.................................................................................. 137
Delete a Waypoint................................................................. 137
Edit a Waypoint .................................................................... 138
Selecting a Waypoint ............................................................ 138
Set a Waypoint by Average Position .................................... 139
Set a Waypoint by Projecting a Position.............................. 139
Section 8: System & GPS Options ...................................... 141
Alarms ....................................................................................... 141
NMEA 2000 Alarm ................................................................... 142
Auto Satellite Search................................................................ 143
Check MMC Files and Storage Space...................................... 144
Communications Port Configuration ....................................... 144
Configure NMEA ...................................................................... 145
Coordinate System Selection.................................................... 145
Map Fix ..................................................................................... 147
Customize Page Displays ......................................................... 148
GPS Simulator .......................................................................... 149
Hide GPS Features ................................................................... 151
Initialize GPS............................................................................ 151
Map Auto Zoom......................................................................... 151
Map Data................................................................................... 151
Show Map Data..................................................................... 152
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Pop-up Map Information ...................................................... 152
Map Boundaries .................................................................... 152
Fill Water With White .......................................................... 152
Map Overlays (Range Rings; Lat/Long Grid) ...................... 152
Map Datum Selection ............................................................... 153
Map Detail Category Selection................................................. 154
Map Orientation ....................................................................... 154
NauticPath USA Marine Charts........................................... 156
Nautical Chart Notes............................................................ 156
Port Information ...................................................................157
Tidal Current Information ................................................... 158
Tide Information ................................................................... 160
Navionics
Charts..................................................................... 161
NMEA 2000............................................................................... 162
Overlay Data ............................................................................. 162
Pop-up Help............................................................................... 166
Reset Options ............................................................................ 166
Screen Contrast and Brightness .............................................. 167
Set Language ............................................................................ 167
Set Local Time .......................................................................... 168
Show WAAS Alarm................................................................... 168
Software Version Information.................................................. 169
Sounds and Alarm Sound Styles.............................................. 169
Track Smoothing....................................................................... 170
Trail Options ............................................................................. 170
General Trail Options ....................................................... 170
Specific Trail Options........................................................ 171
Delete Trail ........................................................................... 171
New Trail............................................................................... 171
Trail Visible/Invisible and Other Trail Options .................. 172
Transparency ............................................................................ 172
Units of Measure....................................................................... 173
Section 9: Searching .............................................................175
Find Streets............................................................................... 175
Find Any Item Selected by Map Cursor .................................. 176
Find Interstate Highway Exits ................................................ 177
Find Map Places or Points of Interest ..................................... 178
Find Streets or Intersections.................................................... 180
Find Waypoints......................................................................... 183
Section 10: Supplemental Material ...................................185
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A CAREFUL NAVIGATOR NEVER RELIES ON ONLY ONE METHOD TO OBTAIN POSITION INFORMATION.
WARNING!
When showing navigation data to a position (waypoint), a GPS unit will show the shortest, most direct path to the waypoint. It provides navigation data to the waypoint regardless of obstructions. Therefore, the prudent navigator will not only take advantage of all available navigation tools when traveling to a way­point, but will also visually check to make sure a clear, safe path to the waypoint is always available.
When a GPS unit is used in a vehicle, the vehicle operator is solely re­sponsible for operating the vehicle in a safe manner. Vehicle operators must maintain full surveillance of all pertinent driving, boating or fly­ing conditions at all times. An accident or collision resulting in damage to property, personal injury or death could occur if the operator of a GPS-equipped vehicle fails to pay full attention to travel conditions and vehicle operation while the vehicle is in motion.
CAUTION
WARNING!
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Section 1: Read Me First!
How this manual can get you out on the road, fast!
Welcome to the exciting world of digital sonar and GPS! We know you're anxious to begin navigating and finding fish, but we have a favor to ask. Before you grab the unit and begin installing it, please give us a moment or two to explain how our manual can help you get the best performance from your compact, wide-screen, combination fish finder and mapping GPS receiver.
First, we want to thank you for buying a Lowrance sonar/GPS unit. Whether you're a first time user or a professional fisherman, you'll dis­cover that your unit is easy to use, yet capable of handling demanding navigation and sonar tasks. When you team your unit with our custom mapping software MapCreate 6, you have an incredible combination. You won't find another combination GPS and sonar unit with this much power and this many features for this price!
Our goal for this book is to get you on the water fast, with a minimum of fuss. Like you, we'd rather spend more time boating or fishing and less time reading the manual!
So, we designed our book so that you don't have to read the whole thing from front to back for the information you want. At the start (or end) of each segment, we'll tell you what content is coming up next. If it's a concept you're already familiar with, we'll show you how and where to skip ahead for the next important topic. We've also made it easy to look up any tips you may need from time to time.
The manual is organized into 10 sections. This first section is an intro­duction to the LMS-334 iGPS and LMS-339cDF iGPS sonar and GPS. It tells you the basics you need to know before you can make the unit look around and tell you where you are, or look below the surface to find some fish.
Section 2 will help you install your unit and the transducer. We'll show you how to get the MultiMedia Card (MMC) correctly installed inside the unit. We'll also tell you about some of the available accessories.
Section 3 covers Basic Sonar Operation. It will show you how easy it is to run your sonar, right out of the box. This section features a one-page Sonar Quick Reference. (If you've already jumped ahead and fig-
ured out how to install the unit yourself, and you just can't wait any longer, turn to the Quick Reference on page 49 and head for the water!)
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After you've gained some experience with your sonar, you'll want to check out Section 4, which discusses more advanced Sonar Options and Other Features.
When you come to a sonar menu command on your unit’s screen, you can look it up in the manual by skimming over the table of contents, just flip­ping through Section 3 or scanning through the sonar options in Section 4.
If you're having difficulty with your sonar, you can find an answer to the most common problems in Section 5, Sonar Troubleshooting.
The manual switches from sonar to navigation in Section 6, which in­troduces you to Basic GPS Operations. This section features a one-
page GPS Quick Reference on page 108.
Section 6 contains short, easy-to-scan GPS lessons that follow one an­other in chronological order. They're all you'll need to know to find your way on the water quickly.
After you've learned the basics (or if you already have some GPS expe­rience), you may want to try out some of the unit’s many advanced navigation features. That brings us to Section 7, Advanced GPS Opera- tions. This section contains the rest of your unit’s GPS command func­tions, organized in alphabetical order.
When you come to a GPS menu command on the screen, look it up in the manual by skimming the table of contents, flipping through Section 6 or scanning through the command portion of Section 7.
Your unit is ready to use right out of the box, but you can fine tune and customize it's operation with dozens of options. Since sonar is the unit's key feature, we put the main sonar options in Section 4. Some options, such as screen brightness settings, affect both sonar and GPS opera­tions. We describe how to use those common options along with GPS options in Section 8, System Setup and GPS Setup Options. Section 8 is organized in alphabetical order.
In Section 9, we go into more detail on one of the unit’s most remarkable GPS capabilities — Searching. We'll introduce a search example in the Ba­sic GPS Operation section, but there are so many map items you can search for, we had to give this function it's own section in the manual! For example, did you know your unit can look up business phone numbers, functioning as a virtual Yellow Pages? We’ll show you how in Section 9.
Finally, in Section 10, we offer Supplemental Material, including a list of the GPS datums used, warranties and customer service information.
Now, if you're into the fine details, glance over the next segment on specifications to see just how much sonar and GPS power your unit con-
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tains. It's important to us (and our power users), but, if you don't care how many watts of power the unit has, or how many waypoints the your unit can store, skip ahead to important information on how the sonar works, on page 5. (Background on GPS begins on page 6.)
Capabilities and Specifications: LMS-334c iGPS and LMS-
339cDF iGPS
General
Display:............................ 5.0" (12.7 cm) diagonal; 256-color Solar-
MAX™ TFT display; programmable to viewing preference.
Resolution:...................... 480 pixel x 480 pixel resolution; 230,400 total
pixels.
Backlighting:.................. Backlit fluorescent/ cold cathode screen and
keypad with multiple lighting levels for night use.
Input power:................... 10 to 15 volts DC.
Current drain: ............... Sonar only: 500 ma lights off; 600 ma lights
on. With GPS and lights on: 700 ma.
Case size:......................... 5.4" H x 6.9" W x 3.4" D (13.8 x 17.6 x 8.6
cm); sealed and waterproof; suitable for saltwater use.
MMC slots: ...................... One with waterproof door (SD card compati-
ble).
Recording:........................ GPS uses MMC & SD cards for recording trip
details and displaying charts or custom maps. Sonar uses them to record and save sonar chart logs.
Back-up memory: .......... Built-in memory stores sonar records and
GPS data for decades. User settings are stored when unit is turned off.
Languages:...................... 10; menu languages selectable by user.
Sonar
Frequency:...................... LMS-339cDF: 50/200 kHz.
LMS-334c: 200 kHz.
Transducers: .................... A dual-frequency Skimmer
transducer with
built-in temperature sensor is packed with the
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LMS-339cDF. A single-frequency Skimmer transducer with built-in temperature sensor is packed with the LMS-334c. Transducers offer up to 60° of fish detection coverage and oper­ate at speeds up to 70 mph (61 kts).
Transmitter: ................... LMS-339cDF: 4,000 watts peak-to-peak/500
watts RMS. LMS-334c: 2,400 watts peak-to­peak/300 watts RMS.
Sonar sounding
Depth capability:........... LMS-339cDF: 2,500 feet/762 meters.
LMS-334c: 900 feet/274 meters.
(Actual capability depends on transducer configuration and installation, bottom com­position and water conditions. All sonar units typically read deeper in fresh water than in salt water.)
Depth display:................ Continuous display.
Graph recording:........... Up to 2 GB on one MMC (or SD) card
Audible alarms: ............. Deep/shallow/fish/zone.
Automatic ranging:....... Yes, with instant screen updates.
Auto bottom track:........ Yes
Zoom bottom track: ...... Yes.
Split-screen zoom:......... Yes.
Surface water temp: ..... Yes, built into transducer.
Speed/distance log: ....... Yes, with optional speed sensor (sensor in-
cluded with LMS-339cDF.)
GPS
Receiver/antenna:............Internal; 12 parallel channel NMEA 2000-
ready GPS/WAAS antenna.
Background map:.......... Built-in custom, detailed Lowrance map.
Contains: enhanced detail of continental U.S. and Hawaii. Includes more than 60,000 nav aids and 10,000 wrecks/obstructions in coastal and Great Lakes waters. Metro ar­eas, selected major streets/highways and in­terstate exit services details included.
4
Custom mapping: .......... MapCreate
6 software optional; optional
plug and play LEI FreedomMaps offer the same high-detail without the computer work of MapCreate. Other plug and play mapping options include FreedomMaps, Fishing Hot
Spots LakeMaster
Elite, LEI NauticPath charts,
ProMaps and Navionics
charts.
Mapping memory:............Up to 2 GB on one MMC (or SD) card.
Position updates: .......... Every second.
Position points: ............. 1,000 waypoints; 1,000 event marker icons.
Audible alarms: ............. Arrival/off-course/anchor.
Graphic symbols for waypoints or event
marker icons: ................. 42.
Routes:............................. 100; up to 100 waypoints per route.
Plot Trails: ...................... 10 savable; up to 9,999 points per trail.
Zoom range:.................... 40 ranges; 0.02 to 4,000 miles.
NOTE:
The above memory capacities refer only the unit’s on-board memory. The amount of GPS or sonar data you can record and save for recall later is only limited by the number of MMC cards you have.
NOTICE!
The storage temperature range for your unit is from -4 degrees to +167 degrees Fahrenheit (-20 degrees to +75 degrees Celsius). Extended stor-
age in temperatures higher or lower than specified will damage the liq­uid crystal display in your unit. This type of damage is not covered by the warranty. For more information, contact the factory's Customer
Service Department; phone numbers are listed on the last page.
How Lowrance Sonar Works
Sonar has been around since the 1940s, so if you already know how it works, skip down to read about the relatively new technology of GPS. But, if you've never owned a sonar fish finder, this segment will tell you the under water basics.
Sonar is an abbreviation for SOund NA nology developed during World War II for tracking enemy submarines.
vigation and Ranging, a tech-
5
(Lowrance developed the world's first transistorized sportfishing sonar in 1957.) A sonar consists of a transmitter, transducer, receiver and display. In simple terms, here's how it finds the bottom, or the fish:
The transmitter emits an electrical impulse, which the transducer con­verts into a sound wave and sends into the water. (The sound frequency can't be heard by humans or fish.) The sound wave strikes an object (fish, structure, bottom) and bounces back to the transducer, which converts the sound back into an electrical signal.
The receiver amplifies this return signal, or echo, and sends it to the display, where an image of the object appears on the scrolling sonar chart. The sonar's microprocessor calculates the time lapse between the transmitted signal and echo return to determine the distance to the object. The whole process repeats itself several times each second.
Your unit can record a log of the sonar signals that scroll across the screen and save them to the MMC memory card. (These recordings are also called sonar charts or sonar graphs.) You can replay this sonar log in the unit using the Sonar Simulator function, or play it back on a per­sonal computer using our free Sonar Viewer. The viewer is available for download from the Lowrance web site, www.lowrance.com.
You can save several different sonar log files, erase 'em and record new ones, over and over again. The size of your sonar recordings is only limited by the free space available on your MMC.
How Lowrance GPS Works
You'll navigate faster and easier if you understand how your unit scans the sky to tell you where you are on the earth — and, where you're go­ing. (But if you already have a working understanding of GPS receivers and the GPS navigation system, skip ahead to Section 2, Installation & Accessories on page 13. If you're new to GPS, read on, and you can later impress your friends with your new-found knowledge.)
First, think of your unit as a small but powerful computer. (But don't worry — we made the unit easy to use, so you don't need to be a com­puter expert to find your way!) It includes a keypad and a screen with menus so you can tell it what to do. The screen also lets the unit show your location on a moving map, as well as point the way to your desti­nation.
This gimbal-mounted unit uses an internal antenna and receiver, which makes the whole system work something like your car radio. But instead of your favorite dance tunes, this receiver tunes in to a couple of dozen GPS satellites circling the earth. Your unit listens to signals from
6
as many satellites as it can "see" above the horizon, eliminates the weakest signals, then computes its location in relation to those satel­lites. Once the unit figures its latitude and longitude, it plots that posi­tion on the moving map shown on the screen. The whole process takes place several times a second!
The performance doesn't stop there. Stored in the permanent memory of each unit is a basic background map of the entire world. We lock it in here at the factory — you can't change or erase this map.
The background map is suitable for many navigation chores, but for maximum accuracy and much more detail, you need our optional map­making software, MapCreate 6. Some unit features — such as searching for businesses and addresses — won't work without a custom MapCreate map. There is so much detail in our background map (and even more in MapCreate) that we'll describe their contents and differ­ences in Section 6, Basic GPS Operations, on page 95.
Another portion of the unit’s onboard memory is devoted to recording GPS navigation information, which includes waypoints, event marker icons, trails and routes. This lets you look back the way you came. Think of this data storage like the hard drive memory in a computer or a tape in a cassette tape recorder. You can save several different GPS data files, erase 'em and record new ones, over and over again. These GPS Data Files (file format *.usr) can be shared between, not only the LMS-334c iGPS and LMS-339cDF iGPS, but other Lowrance GPS units and even personal computers.
Your unit has one more thing in common with a personal computer. Just as computers have a floppy disk drive for storing and exchanging files, the unit has a slot for an MMC (MultiMedia Card) or SD card (Se­cure Digital card) flash memory card. These solid-state memory devices are about the size of a postage stamp, but can hold data ranging from 8 MB to 2 GB. (Compare that to a floppy disk's 1.44 MB capacity!) Your unit uses all that MMC space for two key GPS purposes. (The MMC is also used to record sonar logs.)
First, you can backup your onboard GPS Data Files by copying them to the MMC. Since the MMC is MMCs, if you don't have a computer.) Our MapCreate mapping software can save, edit or create its own GPS Data Files, which can be copied to the MMC and then loaded from the MMC into unit’s memory. (NOTE: No matter where they come from, GPS Data Files must be loaded from the MMC into memory before your unit can use them.)
The other key GPS use for MMCs is storage of special high-detail, cus­tom maps, which you can produce on your computer with our MapCre-
7
ate software. These MapCreate custom maps contain much greater de­tail than the basic background map. These Custom Map Files (file format *.lcm) not only may be shared between the LMS-334c iGPS and 339cDF iGPS, but also with other Lowrance GPS and sonar/GPS units as well as personal computers. (For example, the exact same MMC, custom map files and GPS data files can be used interchangeably be­tween your gimbal-mounted unit and the hand-held iFINDER
GPS
receiver.)
Your unit automatically reads Custom removable (like a floppy disk or a cassette tape), you can store these GPS Data Files on a personal com­puter equipped with an MMC card reader. (Or store them on a pocketful of Map Files directly from the MMC or SD card. To use a custom map, all you need to do is slide an MMC containing a map into the unit.
Introduction to GPS and WAAS
Well, now you know the basics of how your unit does its work. You might be ready to jump ahead to Section 2, Installation & Accessories, on page 13, so you can mount your unit and plug in the power. Or you might want to see how our text formatting makes the manual tutorials easy to skim. If that's the case, move on to "How to Use This Manual" on page 11. But, if you want to understand the current state of satellite navigation, look over this segment describing how GPS and its new companion WAAS work together to get you where you're going.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) was launched July 17, 1995 by the United States Department of Defense. It was designed as a 24­hour-a-day, 365-days-a-year, all weather global navigation system for the armed forces of the U.S. and its allies. Civilian use was also avail­able at first, but it was less accurate because the military scrambled the signal somewhat, using a process called Selective Availability (SA.)
GPS proved so useful for civilian navigation that the federal govern­ment discontinued SA on May 2, 2000, after the military developed other methods to deny GPS service to enemy forces. Reliable accuracy for civilian users jumped from 100 meters (330 feet) under SA to the present level of 10 to 20 meters (about 30 to 60 feet.)
Twenty-four satellites orbit 10,900 nautical miles above the Earth, passing overhead twice daily. A series of ground stations (with precisely surveyed locations) controls the satellites and monitors their exact loca­tions in the sky. Each satellite broadcasts a low-power signal that iden­tifies the satellite and its position above the earth.
8
Three of these satellites are spares, unused until needed. The rest vir­tually guarantee that at least four satellites are in view nearly any­where on Earth at all times. The system requires signal reception from three satellites in order to determine a position. This is called a 2D fix. It takes four satellites to determine both position and elevation (your height above sea level — also called altitude.) This is called a 3D fix.
A minimum of three satellites are required to determine a 2D fix.
Remember, the unit must have a clear view of the satellites in order to receive their signals. Unlike radio or television signals, GPS works at very high frequencies. These signals can be easily blocked by trees, buildings, an automobile roof, even your body.
Like most GPS receivers, the unit doesn’t have a compass or any other navigation aid built inside. It relies solely on the signals from the sat­ellites to calculate a position. Speed, direction of travel, and distance are all calculated from position information. Therefore, in order it to determine direction of travel, you must be moving and the faster, the better. This is not to say that it won’t work at walking or trolling speeds — it will. There will be more "wandering" of the data shown on the display.
GPS alone is accurate for route navigation, but the U.S. Federal Avia­tion Administration has special aircraft navigation needs that go be­yond basic GPS. So, the FAA has developed a program to boost GPS performance with its Wide Area Augmentation System, or WAAS. The FAA commissioned the system on July 11, 2003.
WAAS is designed to increase GPS accuracy to within 7.6 meters verti­cally and horizontally, but it consistently delivers accuracies within 1-2 meters horizontal and 2-3 meters vertical, according to the FAA. It does
9
this by broadcasting correction signals on GPS frequencies. Your unit automatically receives both GPS and WAAS signals.
However, there are some fringe areas of the U.S., including parts of Alaska, that do not yet receive robust WAAS coverage. Continued WAAS development is planned to extend WAAS coverage in the years to come.
WAAS boosts the accuracy of land GPS navigation, but the system is designed for aircraft. The satellites are in a fixed orbit around the Equator, so they appear very low in the sky to someone on the ground in North America. Aircraft and vessels on open water can get consis­tently good WAAS reception, but terrain, foliage or even large man­made structures can sometimes block the WAAS signal from ground receivers.
You'll find that using your GPS receiver is both easy and amazingly accurate. It’s easily the most accurate method of electronic navigation available to the general public today. Remember, however, that this receiver is only a tool. Always have another method of navigation avail­able, such as a map or chart and a compass.
Also remember that this unit will always show navigation information in the shortest line from your present position to a waypoint, regardless of terrain! It only calculates position, it can’t know what’s between you and your destination, for example. It’s up to you to safely navigate around obstacles, no matter how you’re using this product.
Free Training Aids Available
Now that you know something about the technology that makes this unit possible, you are ready to start learning how to use that technol­ogy. This manual will guide you through the process of setting up and running your unit, but that is only one of many resources available.
If you or a friend has Internet access, visit our web site. Find us at
WWW.LOWRANCE.COM. The site is packed with additional information
on using our products.
For instance, you can learn more about interpreting what you see on your sonar screen with our free Sonar Tutorial. The tutorial includes animated illustrations and more pictures of actual sonar returns, all described in detail. There's even a printer friendly version of the tuto­rial available on our web. It makes a great supplement to this manual.
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Sonar Viewer
You can also download a free copy of our Sonar Viewer software. This PC-based software application plays back any sonar chart log recorded with a Lowrance sonar product. Features include:
Adjustable range, zoom, sensitivity, ColorLine, noise rejection,
surface clarity, etc.
Color interpretation of sonar signals can be user defined.
Operates like a Windows Multimedia Player with forward, re-
verse, pause, fast forward, fast reverse, and scroll buttons.
Adjustments update the entire record displayed.
Can print in full color.
Window can dynamically be sized on your monitor.
Mouse cursor shows GPS position, depth and sounding number
anywhere on the visible record.
Emulator
For the ultimate training aid, be sure to download the free emulator software for your unit. This program can help you learn both basic and advanced operations without burning boat fuel!
This PC application simulates the actual sonar/GPS unit on your com­puter. You can run it from your computer keyboard or use your mouse to press the virtual keys. Easy download and installation instructions are available on our web site.
The emulator works exactly like your real sonar/GPS unit. When using the Sonar and GPS Simulators you can play back sonar logs, run GPS routes and trails, even create real waypoints you can use in the field. You can take snapshots of the Sonar Chart and print them or e-mail them to friends.
And that is just some of the material available on our web site. To find out what we have available, log on and look around. For now, we'll get back to how to use this particular unit.
How to use this manual: typographical conventions
Many instructions are listed as numbered steps. The keypad and arrow "keystrokes" appear as boldface type. So, if you're in a real hurry (or just need a reminder), you can skim the instructions and pick out what menu command to use by finding the boldface command text. The fol­lowing paragraphs explain how to interpret the text formatting for those commands and other instructions:
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Arrow Keys
The arrow keys control the movement of dotted cross-hair lines on your mapping screen called the cursor. The arrow keys also control a hori­zontal line depth cursor on the sonar screen. The arrow keys help you move around the menus so you can execute different commands. They are represented by symbols like these, which denote the down arrow
key, the up arrow, the left arrow and the right arrow: ↓ ↑, ← →.
Keyboard
The other keys perform a variety of functions. When the text refers to a key to press, the key is shown in bold, sans serif type. For example, the "Enter/Icons" key is shown as
ENT and the "Menu" key is shown as MENU.
Menu Commands
A menu command or a menu option will appear in small capital letters, in a bold sans serif type like this:
ROUTE PLANNING. These indicate that
you are to select this command or option from a menu or take an action of some kind with the menu item. Text that you may need to enter or file names you need to select are show in italic type, such as trail name.
Instructions = Menu Sequences
Most functions you perform with your unit are described as a sequence of key strokes and selecting menu commands. We've written them in a condensed manner for quick and easy reading.
For example, instructions for navigating a trail would look like this:
1. From the Map Page, press
2. Press to Trail 1|
ENT|| to NAVIGATE|ENT.
MENU|MENU| to MY TRAILS|ENT.
3. You are asked to wait while it converts the trail into a route.
4. The wait message disappears and the unit begins showing navigation information along the trail..
Translated into complete English, step 1 above would mean: "Start on the Map Page. Press the Menu key twice. Next, repeatedly press (or press and hold) the down arrow key to scroll down the menu and select (highlight) the My Trails menu command. Finally, press the Enter key."
Step 2 would mean: "Press the down arrow key repeatedly to scroll to the trail named Trail 1, and press Enter. Next, press the right arrow key and then the down arrow key to highlight the Navigate command, then press Enter."
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Section 2: Installation
Preparations
You can install the unit in some other order if you prefer, but we rec­ommend this installation sequence:
Caution:
You should read over this entire installation section before drill­ing any holes in your vessel!
1. Determine the approximate location for the unit, so you can plan how and where to route the cables for the transducer, any sensor and power. This will help you make sure you have enough cable length for the de­sired configuration.
NOTE:
The GPS antenna is inside the unit, so you must mount the unit in a location with an unobstructed view of the sky.
2. Determine the approximate location for the transducer, any sensor and their cable routes.
3. Determine the location of your battery or other power connection, along with the power cable route.
4. Install the transducer and route the transducer cable to the sonar unit. Install the speed or temp sensor, if applicable, and route the cable to the unit.
5. Route the power cable from the unit's location to an appropriate power source and connect it there.
6. Connect the transducer/power cable (and any sensor cables) to the unit and mount the unit on the bracket.
Transducer Installation
These instructions will help you install your Skimmer transom, on a trolling motor or inside a hull. These instructions cover both single- and dual-frequency Skimmer transducers. Please read all instructions before proceeding with any installation.
The smaller single-frequency Skimmers typically use a one-piece, stainless steel mounting bracket. The larger dual-frequency Skimmers typically use a two-piece, plastic mounting bracket. The optional troll­ing motor mount uses a one-piece plastic bracket with an adjustable strap.
These are all "kick-up" mounting brackets. They help prevent damage if the transducer strikes an object while the boat is moving. If the trans-
13
transducer on a
ducer does "kick-up," the bracket can easily be pushed back into place without tools.
Read these instructions carefully before attempting the installation. Determine which of the installation methods is right for your boat. Use extreme care if mounting the transducer inside the hull, because once the epoxy is applied and it is set into position, the transducer cannot be removed. Remember, transducer location is the most critical part
of a sonar installation.
Recommended Tools and Supplies
If you prefer the option of routing the cable through the transom, you will need a 1" (25.4 mm) drill bit. A transom mount requires use of a high quality, marine grade above- or below-waterline sealant/adhesive compound.
NOTE:
The following installation types also call for these recommended tools and required supplies (supplies are not included):
Single-frequency transom installations
Tools include: two adjustable wrenches, drill, #29 (0.136") drill bit, flat­head screwdriver. Supplies: high quality, marine grade above- or below­waterline sealant/adhesive compound.
Dual-frequency transom installations
Tools: two adjustable wrenches, drill, #20 (0.161") drill bit, flat-head screwdriver. Supplies: four, 1" long, #12 stainless steel slotted wood screws, high quality, marine grade above- or below-waterline seal- ant/adhesive compound.
Single-frequency trolling motor installations
Tools: two adjustable wrenches, flat-head screwdriver. Supplies: plastic cable ties.
Shoot-through hull installations
Tools: these will vary depending on your hull's composition. Consult your boat dealer or manufacturer. Other tools are a wooden craft stick or similar tool for stirring and applying epoxy, and a paper plate or piece of cardboard to mix the epoxy on. Supplies: rubbing alcohol, 100 grit sandpaper, specially formulated epoxy adhesive available from LEI (see ordering information on the inside back cover). A sandwich hull also requires polyester resin.
Selecting a Transducer Location
1. The location must be in the water at all times, at all operating speeds.
2. The transducer must be placed in a location that has a smooth flow of water at all times. If the transducer is not placed in a smooth flow of
14
water, interference caused by bubbles and turbulence will show on the
prevent the transducer from
location
Deadrise less than 10
sonar's display in the form of random lines or dots whenever the boat is moving.
NOTE:
Some aluminum boats with strakes or ribs on the outside of the hull create large amounts of turbulence at high speed. These boats typically have large outboard motors capable of propelling the boat at speeds faster than 35 mph. Typically, a good transom location on aluminum boats is between the ribs closest to the engine.
3. The transducer should be installed with its face pointing straight down, if possible. For shoot-thru applications: Many popular fishing boat hulls have a flat keel pad that offers a good mounting surface. On vee hulls, try to place the transducer where the deadrise is 10° or less.
°
Pad
Vee pad hull (left); Vee hull (right). A pod style transducer is shown
here, but the principle is the same for Skimmers inside a hull.
Strakes
4. If the transducer is mounted on the transom, make sure it doesn't interfere with the trailer or hauling of the boat. Also, don't mount it closer than approximately one foot from the engine's lower unit. This will prevent cavitation (bubble) interference with propeller operation.
5. If possible, route the transducer cable away from other wiring on the boat. Electrical noise from engine wiring, bilge pumps and aerators can be displayed on the sonar's screen. Use caution when routing the trans­ducer cable around these wires.
CAUTION: Clamp the trans­ducer cable to transom near the transducer. This will help
entering the boat if it is knocked off at high speed.
Poor location
Good
Good location
Poor angle
Good and poor transducer locations.
Good location
15
Transom
Transom
Transducer
centerline
Hull bottom
Align transducer centerline with hull bottom. A dual frequency
transducer (left) and a single frequency transducer (right).
Hull bottom
How low should you go?
For most situations, you should install your Skimmer transducer so that its centerline is level with the bottom of the boat hull. This will usually give you the best combination of smooth water flow and protec­tion from bangs and bumps.
However, there are times when you may need to adjust the transducer slightly higher or lower. (The slots in the mounting brackets allow you to loosen the screws and slide the transducer up or down.) If you fre­quently lose bottom signal lock while running at high speed, the trans­ducer may be coming out of the water as you cross waves or wakes. Move the transducer a little lower to help prevent this.
If you cruise or fish around lots of structure and cover, your transducer may be frequently kicking up from object strikes. If you want, you may move the transducer a little higher for more protection.
There are two extremes you should avoid. Never let the edge of the mounting bracket extend below the bottom of the hull. Never let the bottom – the face – of the transducer rise above the bottom of the hull.
Shoot-Thru-Hull vs. Transom Mounting
In a shoot-thru-hull installation, the transducer is bonded to the inside of the hull with epoxy. The sonar "ping" signal passes through the hull and into the water. This differs from a bolt-thru-hull installation (often called "thru-hull"). In that case, a hole is cut in the hull and a specially designed transducer is mounted through the hull with a threaded shaft and nut. This puts the transducer in contact with the water.
Typically, shoot-thru-hull installations give excellent high speed opera­tion and good to excellent depth capability. There is no possibility of transducer damage from floating objects, as there is with a transom­mounted transducer. A transducer mounted inside the hull can't be
16
knocked off when docking or loading on a trailer.
The shoot-thru-hull installation does have its drawbacks. First, some loss of sensitivity does occur, even on the best hulls. This varies from hull to hull, even from different installations on the same hull. This is caused by differences in hull lay-up and construction.
Second, the transducer angle cannot be adjusted for the best fish arches on your sonar display. (This is not an issue for flasher-style sonars.) Lack of angle adjustment can be particularly troublesome on hulls that sit with the bow high when at rest or at slow trolling speeds.
Third, a transducer CAN NOT shoot through wood and metal hulls. Those hulls require either a transom mount or a thru-hull installation.
Fourth, if your Skimmer transducer has a built in temp sensor, it will only show the temperature of the bilge, not the water surface temp.
Follow the testing procedures listed in the shoot-thru-hull installation section of this instruction booklet to determine if you can satisfactorily shoot through the hull.
Transom Transducer Assembly and Mounting
The best way to install these transducers is to loosely assemble all of the parts first, place the transducer's bracket against the transom and see if you can move the transducer so that it's parallel with the ground.
The following instructions sometimes vary depending on the mounting bracket that came with your transducer. Single frequency Skimmers come with a one-piece stainless steel bracket, while dual frequency Skimmers come with a two-piece plastic mounting bracket. Use the set of instructions that fits your model.
1. Assembling the bracket.
A. One-piece bracket: Press the two small plastic ratchets into the
sides of the metal bracket as shown in the following illustration. Notice there are letters molded into each ratchet. Place each ratchet into the bracket with the letter "A" aligned with the dot stamped into the metal bracket. This position sets the transducer's coarse angle adjustment for a 14° transom. Most outboard and stern-drive transoms have a 14° angle.
17
Dot
Align plastic ratchets in bracket.
B. Two-piece bracket: Locate the four plastic ratchets in the trans­ducer's hardware package. Press two ratchets into the sides of the plastic bracket and two on either side of the transducer as shown in the following illustrations. Notice there are letters molded into each ratchet.
Place the ratchets into the bracket with the letter "A" aligned with the alignment mark molded into the bracket. Place the ratchets onto the transducer with the letter "A" aligned with the 12 o'clock position on the transducer stem. These positions set the transducer's coarse angle adjustment for a 14° transom. Most outboard and stern-drive tran­soms have a 14° angle.
Alignment letters
Alignment
positions
Transducer
bracket
Transducer bracket
Transducer
Insert and align ratchets.
Transducer
Ratchet
Add ratchets to bracket and transducer.
Ratchet
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2. Aligning the transducer on the transom.
Flat washer
A. One-piece bracket: Slide the transducer between the two ratch­ets. Temporarily slide the bolt though the transducer assembly and hold it against the transom. Looking at the transducer from the side, check to see if it will adjust so that its face is parallel to the ground. If it does, then the "A" position is correct for your hull.
If the transducer's face isn't parallel with the ground, remove the transducer and ratchets from the bracket. Place the ratchets into the holes in the bracket with the letter "B" aligned with the dot stamped in the bracket.
Reassemble the transducer and bracket and place them against the transom. Again, check to see if you can move the transducer so it's parallel with the ground. If you can, then go to step 3A. If it doesn't, repeat step 2A, but use a different alignment letter until you can place the transducer on the transom correctly.
Ratchets
B. Two-piece bracket: Assemble the transducer and bracket as shown in the following figure. Temporarily slide the bolt though the transducer assembly but don't tighten the nut at this time. Hold the assembled transducer and bracket against the transom. Looking at the transducer from the side, check to see if it will adjust so that its face is parallel to the ground. If it does, then the "A" positions are correct for your hull.
Insert bolt and check transducer position on transom.
Bolt
Flat washer
Assemble transducer and bracket.
Lock washer
Nut
19
If the transducer's face isn't parallel with the ground, remove and disassemble the transducer and ratchets. Place the ratchets into the bracket holes with the letter "B" aligned with the bracket alignment mark. Place them on the transducer aligned with the 12 o'clock posi­tion on the transducer stem.
Reassemble the transducer and bracket and place them against the transom. Again, check to see if you can move the transducer so it's parallel with the ground. If you can, then go to step 3B. If it doesn't, repeat step 2B, but use a different alignment letter until you can place the transducer on the transom correctly.
3. Assembling the transducer. A. One-piece bracket: Once you determine the correct position for
the ratchets, assemble the transducer as shown in the following fig­ure. Don't tighten the lock nut at this time.
Metal
Nut
washer
Rubber washers
Assemble transducer and bracket.
Metal washer
Bolt
B. Two-piece bracket: Once you determine the correct position for the ratchets, assemble the transducer as shown in the figure in step 2B. Don't tighten the lock nut at this time.
4. Drilling mounting holes.
Hold the transducer and bracket assembly against the transom. The transducer should be roughly parallel to the ground. The trans­ducer's centerline should be in line with the bottom of the hull. Don't let the bracket extend below the hull!
Mark the center of each slot for the mounting screw pilot holes. You will drill one hole in the center of each slot.
Drill the holes. For the one-piece bracket, use the #29 bit (for the #10 screws). For the two-piece bracket, use the #20 bit (for the #12 screws).
20
Transom
Flat-bottom hull
Transom
Position transducer mount on transom and mark mounting holes.
Side view shown (left) and seen from above (right).
5. Attaching transducer to transom. A. One-piece bracket: Remove the transducer from the bracket and
re-assemble it with the cable passing through the bracket over the bolt as shown in the following figures.
For single-frequency Skimmer, route cable over bolt and through
bracket. Side view shown (left) and seen from above (right).
Both bracket types: Attach the transducer to the transom. Slide the transducer up or down until it's aligned properly with the bottom of the hull as shown in the preceding and following figures. Tighten the bracket's mounting screws, sealing them with the sealant compound.
Adjust the transducer so that it's parallel to the ground and tighten the nut until it touches the outer washer, then add 1/4 turn. Don't over tighten the lock nut! If you do, the transducer won't "kick-up" if it strikes an object in the water.
Bottom
of
hull
Deep-"vee" hull
Align transducer centerline with hull bottom and attach transducer to
transom. Rear view of dual-frequency Skimmer shown.
21
6. Route the transducer cable through or over the transom to the so-
Flat washer
nar unit. Make sure to leave some slack in the cable at the transducer. If possible, route the transducer cable away from other wiring on the boat. Electrical noise from the engine's wiring, bilge pumps, VHF radio wires and cables, and aerators can be picked up by the sonar. Use caution when routing the transducer cable around these wires.
WARNING:
Clamp the transducer cable to the transom close to the transducer. This can prevent the transducer from enter­ing the boat if it is knocked off at high speed.
If you need to drill a hole in the transom to pass the connector through, the required hole size will be 5/8".
Caution:
If you drill a hole in the transom for the cable, make sure it is lo­cated above the waterline. After installation, be sure to seal the hole with the same marine grade above- or below-waterline seal­ant used for the mounting screws.
7. Make a test run to determine the results. If the bottom is lost at
high speed, or if noise appears on the display, try sliding the transducer bracket down. This puts the transducer deeper into the water, hope­fully below the turbulence causing the noise. Don't allow the transducer bracket to go below the bottom of the hull!
Trolling Motor Bracket Installation (single-frequency only)
1. Attach the optional TMB-S bracket to the transducer as shown in the following figure, using the hardware supplied with the transducer. (Note: The internal tooth washer is supplied with the TMB-S.)
Bolt
Attach motor mounting bracket to transducer.
Internal tooth washer
Nut
2. Slide the adjustable strap supplied with the TMB-S through the slot in the transducer bracket and wrap it around the trolling motor. Po­sition the transducer to aim straight down when the motor is in the water. Tighten the strap securely.
22
TMB-S bracket
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