Lowrance LMS-10 LORAN User Manual
LMS-1O
Loran -c
Receiver
INSTALLATION AND OPERATION
INSTRUCTIONS
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•LOWRANCE ELECTRONICS, INC. |
LITI-lO IN U.S.A. |
988-0116-03 |
12000 E. SKELLY DR., TULSA, OK 74128 |
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WARNING!
THISLORANSHOULD BE USED ONLY ASAN AID
TO NAVIGATION. A CAREFULNAVIGATOR
SHOULD NEVER RELYON ONLYONE METHOD
TO OBTAIN POSITION INFORMATION.
NOTICE:
MAKECERTAINTHE LORANIS DISPLAYING THE
CORRECTPOSITION IN LATITUDE/LONGITUDE
BEFORE NAVIGATING WITH THIS PRODUCT. THE
POSITION MUST BECORRECT FOR THE NAVIGA- 170° TION FEATURES IN THIS UNITTO WORK
PROPERLY.
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NORTH PACIFIC LORAN-C CHAIN GR1 9990
REGONALMANAGER COMMANDER. PACIFIC MREA.ALAMEDA. CA
CHAIN MANAGER:CDMMANDER. 17THCDASTGUARD DISTRICT. JUNEAU, AK
COORDINATOR OFCHAINOPERATIONS LOCATION:LORMONSTA KODIAK. AK
CONTROL SITE:LORMDNSTA KODIAK, AK
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COSU. |
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PWR |
TRANOENT |
604 |
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D53IG. |
STATIIY4 |
COOn. |
luuI |
XMTTrER |
1KW) |
ANTENNA |
ECD |
NOTES |
MASTER |
St PALL |
670912301 |
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ANTFFN.42 |
325 |
625 FT |
0.0 |
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AK |
170 l000.eW |
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MOIOPOI.E |
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XRAY |
ATru |
624944.ON |
11000/ |
ANTFPW-42 |
320 |
62SF] |
0.0 |
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AK |
173 1040.0! |
3a7L25 |
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10 |
601OLE |
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YANKEE |
PORT |
0t14403N |
2t000/ |
MVFR4-42 |
1350 Ft |
.0,6 |
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CLARENCE |
1605312.6W |
3058,05 |
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601tW0L5 |
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AK |
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ZULU |
NR0W |
57262029) |
43000/ |
AN/FPN44A |
400 |
626 FT |
0.0 |
OUALRA1EW/OHI7000 |
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CAPEAK |
162=113W |
3600.45 |
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0fl4oPCt0 |
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TABLEOF CONTENTS
LORAN-Genera] |
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1 |
ACCURACY |
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1 |
HOWLORAN-C WORKS |
1 |
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INSTALLATION |
- DpIayUnil |
3 |
INSTALLATION |
-LC-1 Loran-C Module |
4 |
POWER CONNECTIONS |
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LORAN OPERA11ONINITIALIZATION |
7 |
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SELECT CR1 |
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ENTERING INITIAL POSITION -LAT/LONG |
8 |
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CYCLE ERRORS AND SNR |
ID |
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AUTOMATICANDMANUAL MODES |
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MANUAL STATION SELECTION |
12 |
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ViewingStations inUse |
12 |
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ViewingReornerided Stations |
12 |
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Selecting Stations |
13 |
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PRIMARYANDALTERNATESOLUTICNS |
14 |
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DISPLAY -Overview |
15 |
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TD/LL |
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16 |
HEADING (HDG) |
17 |
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TIMETOGO (TIC) |
17 |
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DISTANCET000(DTG) |
18 |
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SPEED OVERGROUND |
18 |
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VELOCITY MADE GOOD |
19 |
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TRUE/MAGNETIC BEARING |
19 |
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CROSS TRACK ERROR (X1E) |
20 |
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CROSSTRACKERRORPERARROW |
21 |
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SIGNALTONOISE RATIO (SNR) |
21 |
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FixDUALITY |
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22 |
I-IOWTOSAVEAWAYPOINT |
22 |
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SavingCurrentPosition (QuickSaveFeature) |
22 |
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EnterNew |
- |
23 |
EnterNewWaypoinlWaypoint -TDsLatitudelLongitude |
25 |
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ERASING AWAYPDINT |
28 |
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WAYPOINTRECALL |
27 |
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WAYPDINTCOUNTEROFFSET |
28 |
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GOTOWAYPOINT |
28 |
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VIEWDESTINATION WAYPDINT |
29 |
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VIEWSTARTING WAYPOINT |
29 |
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ROUTES |
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29 |
Creating aRoute |
29 |
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Following aRowe |
31 |
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Can00lling aRoute |
31 |
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Eraaing aRoute |
31 |
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ALARMS |
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31 |
AnochorAlarrn |
32 |
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ArrivalAlarni |
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32 |
ASFCORRECTION |
35 |
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NMEAOUTPUT |
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24HOURCLDCK-TIMER |
36 |
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LIGHTS |
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36 |
CLEAR LOWERDISPLAY |
37 |
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Fl andF2 |
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38 |
RESTARTLDRAN |
39 |
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SeledNewORI |
39 |
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EnterNew Initial Poaition |
40 |
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RESET |
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41 |
VIEWING T.D.S IN USE |
42 |
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MAGNETIC VARIATION |
42 |
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VERSION NUMBER |
42 |
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STAT |
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42 |
SIMULATOR |
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43 |
HOWTO OBTAIN SERVICE |
43 |
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COMMAND LIST |
44 |
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KEYBOARD 2ndFUNCTION LIST |
45 |
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FACTORY DEFAULTS |
45 |
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Copyright© 1989, Lowrance Electronics,Inc.
All rights reserved.
All featuresand specifications subjectto change withoutnotice.
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LORAN-C
ICELANDICCHAIN
GRI 9980
LEGEND: |
Approximat.Limitof Conre —-1:3 SNP md |
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• TRANSMITTiNG |
4NM FixAccurmeyjSG%2dRMS).Noise 46dB |
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o CONTROL |
M |
SANDUR |
*MONITOR |
W |
ANGISSOQ |
X |
EJDE |
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ICELANDIC LORAM.C CHAINGRI9980 |
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REGIONAL MANAGER. COMMANDER COASTGUARDACTIVITIES EUROPE, LONDON, UK |
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CHAIN MANAGERCOMMANDER COASTGUARO ACTIVITIES EUROPE. LONDON, UK |
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COORDINATOR OFCHAIN OPERATIONS LOCATIONLORMONSTA KEFLAVLK. ICELAND |
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CONTROLSITE;LORMONSTAKEFLAVIK |
ICELAND |
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D55. |
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C(R. |
CDULS. |
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PWR |
TRMSSMff |
N62I |
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&ATJa1 |
Iv,) |
(MITtEn |
1KW) |
ANTB4MA |
LCD |
NOISE |
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56867EA |
SN4DUA |
6454 |
26.64 |
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AWFFSJ.45 |
'500 |
I350FT |
0,0 |
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ICELAND |
5521,5W |
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Ma40Pa6 |
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W24EKEY |
ANGIS000 |
5959 I7N |
11055!- |
NQFFW4S |
765 |
625 FT |
+1.0 |
DUALRATEW?09l7920 |
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OAES4LAND |
451627.5W |
4068.62 |
5flIOLE |
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XAAY |
EJDE.FAEAOE |
6217 |
55.64 |
35555! |
NWFPN-44 |
325 |
625 FT |
0.0 |
DUALRATEOWI757O |
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IS..OESWFK |
0704 |
26,5W |
2814$4 |
MIY4C9OLE |
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Theword"LORAN" isshortfor LOng RAngeNavigation. It'sa naviga-
lion systemthat usespowerful lowfrequency(100kHz) radio transmitters andsensitivereceivers. Withthissystem,you can determine your
positionover long distances.
Loranwas developed and usedduringWorldWarII. Atthat time it wascalled Loran-Aandoperated ata higherfrequency. Research and development continuedduringthe fifties. Thecurrentversion,Loran- C,was introduced inthe sixties. Itworksover longerdistancesthan Loran-Aand it'seasier to use.
ACCURACY
TheabsoluteaccuracyofLoranis between 0.1 and 0.25 nautical miles, depending on yourlocation. Repealableaccuracy(yourability
to returntothe samespot) is 100 feet or better. The difference between thetwotypesof accuracy is important. Absoluteaccuracy
tellsyou where you areon the map. Repeatable accuracylets you find yourway backtothe same placetime aftertime.
However,the accuracy you experience may not beas good as the numbersabove suggest. Thecrossing angleofthe lines of position affectsthe accuracy. The sharper thecrossingangle,the more chancefor position error. Aninetydegreecrossingangleis best,but it can be as low as thirtydegrees withouta large positionerror.
If you wishtodoublecheckyour Loran, first pick aspot onthechart that isclearly marked with latitude/longitude marks. Thengo to it. Onceyou arrive, letthe Loran settle, then compare the position informationonthe LMS-10tothechart. It should be very close.
HOW LORAN-CWORKS
The Loransystemconsistsofthreetofivetransmitterstations.These
are called a "chain." The letter "M"designatesthe master station inside the chain. The otherstations inthe chainare the secondaries.
Their names areW, X, Y, andZ, althoughnotall chains havefour secondarystations. The secondary transmitters are synchronized with the masterwhichtransmits at precise time intervals. This time interval is calledtheGroupRepetition Interval or GRI. Eachchain has a different GIRl.
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The secondarystations transmitatprecisetime intervalsafterthe masterstationtransmits. Since thesetransmitters are located hun- dredsofmiles apart, it takesadifferent time forthesignalsfromeach transmitterto reach you. TheLoran receivermeasuresthistime differencebetween the masterand twoofthesecondaries,the LMS-
10 automaticallychoosesthebest master-secondary pairsforyour location. Thetime difference or (TO) is measured in micro-seconds.
PlottingtheTO on a chart with Loran-C linesresultswith yourposition somewhereona lineof position (LOP). A lineofpositionis an imagi- naryline onwhichthetime delaybetween the masterand oneofthe
secondaries isthe same. Inthis example theboat islocatedsome- whereonthe 14605.2 LOP.
The Loran receiverthen measures thetime differencebetween the
masterand anothersecondary. |
Inthis |
it's31882.8. If |
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this LOPon a |
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plot |
that itcrossesthefirst line-of- |
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chart, you'll |
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position. Yourpositionisatthe intersection ofthetwo lines.
LORAN-C
NORTHWEST PACIFIC CHAIN
GRI 9970
0
AsprnlwdnLS,tof t.nr.p— 13$fl rid
S )M Fis£ncy(P5% 2flMS(.Pa... 44d1
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II |
IWOJIMA |
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W MARCUS IS. |
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X |
HOXXAIDO |
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— |
., |
t |
GESASHI |
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1 |
2 |
3ARAGADA |
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—. |
—-_ |
__..._.___.___ |
-. |
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'C.
C
2 71
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NORThWESTPACIFICLORAN.CCHAIN CR19970
REGIONAL MANAGER COMMANDER. PACIFICAREA, ALMAEDA, CA.
CHAIN MANAGER COMMANDER, 14THCOASTGUARD DISTRICT,I-IONOLULU, HI
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JAPAN |
COORDINATOR OFCHAIN OPERATIONS LOCA11ON. COMMANDER. FAREASTSECTION. YOKOTA, |
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CONTROL SITELORMONSTAYOKOTA, JAPAN |
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COBIL |
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PWR |
WNSMFr |
N0l |
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DES'S. |
&ATTa4 |
CDOR. |
lusI |
XMITrER |
(XW} |
ANTENLA |
EUD |
NOTEE |
MASTER |
M0JI |
244E03.E14 |
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AWFFN-45 |
1815 |
1380FT |
0.0 |
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JAPAN |
141193020 |
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Magopa.E |
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WHEXEY |
IMRCUEISLAND 241707.914 |
110801 |
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1280FT |
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JAPAN |
153 5853,2E |
4283.58 |
ANIFPR145 |
2150 |
MWOPOLE |
0.0 |
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XMY |
HOKKAIOO |
424437.111 |
38080! |
AN/FPW4S |
800 |
G2SFT |
0.8 |
DUALRATEW/0RI5970 |
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JAPAN |
1134309.25 |
8686.17 |
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Ma4OPOLE |
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YANKEE |
GESASHI |
283825.011 |
58080/ |
ANPPN'IS |
500 |
828 FT |
0.0 |
DUALRATE W10918970 |
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JAPAN |
1280886.45 |
448328 |
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Ma40LE |
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ZULU |
BARRIGADA |
1327E0.IN |
2528.84$ |
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7SOFT |
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444933.00 |
81080 |
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All Loran-C receivers workonthis principle. Mostmodern receivers
also displaylatitudeflongitude. ThereceivertakestheTD information and, using acomplexmathematical formula, convertsitto latitudef
longitude position data. You can displayboth TD'sand latitude! longitude onthe LMS-10to determine your position.
Ityou wishto know moreabout Loran-C, orderthe United States Coast Guard'sbook"Loran-C USER HANDBOOK." It'san excellent bookthat describesLoran ingreaterdetail.
Loran-CUser'sHandbook
COMDTINSTMl 6562.3
Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington,D.C.20402
Code#050-012-00171-5, 1980
There is a small chargeforthe book.
INSTALLATION- Display Unit
Mountthe displayunit in anyconvenient location, providedthere is clearance whenit'stiltedforthe bestviewingangle. Holesinthe
bracket'sbaseallowwoodscrew or through bolt mounting. Place a
pieceof plywood onthebackofthin panelsto securethe mounting hardware Makecertainthereis enough room behindthe unit to attach
thepowerand Loran module cables.
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You can routethecables through athree-quarter inch holeinthe
mounting surface. First, bring the Loran module'scableupthroughthe hole, then passthepowercabledownit. Afterroutingthe cables,fill the holewith siliconerubber adhesive (RN). Offsetthe bracket to
coverthe hole. Routethe cables through the slot in the bracket.
SLOT
INSTALLATION- LC-1 Loran-C MODULE
Enclosed with yourthe LMS-1Ois a LC-1 Loran-C module. This con-
tainsthecompleteloran receiver. When choosing a mounting location forthe LC-1,remember to install theLC-1 whereit'sclearofotheran-
tennas, wires, masts,or otherobstructions. A high locationispre- ferred, however for the antennashouldn'tbe the
highestpartofthe boat. Theantenna shouldbe mounted vertically. Makecertain it is as faraway as possible fromVHF radio antennas.
Improperperformance can also occurifthe antennais mounted too
closeto metalobjectssuchas tunatowers. Again,a locationthat places the Loranassembly in the clearis preferabletoonethat is high
andobstructed.
You mustpurchasean eightfootstainlesssteelor fiberglasswhip
antenna. Thethreadsare standard 318"-24forthewhip. Aratchet mountbaseis mostcommonly used to mountthe Lorantothe boat.
The basemountingthreads are conventional 1"-14 machine thread
(NOTpipe thread). Thisallowsthe useofstandardantennamounting hardware.
Tightenall hardware securely.
4 69
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NORTHEAST U.S. LORAN-CCHAIN GRI9960 |
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REGIONALMANAGERCOMMANDER. |
ATLJTICAREA. |
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NY |
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NEWYORK. |
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CHAINMANAGER COMMANDER.ATLANTICAREA, NEWYORK, NY |
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COORDINATOR OFCHAIN OPERATIONS LOCATION: LORSTA SENECA, NY |
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CONTROLSITE: LORSTA SENECA, NY |
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00210. |
STATIa4 |
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CDEU. |
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PWR |
IRAPffiMIT |
POH |
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COCA. |
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(56) |
XMTTER |
(KWI |
ANTBNA |
ECU |
NOIES |
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WASTER |
SENECA,NY |
424250.621 |
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MOIFFT'144 |
800 |
700FT' |
0.0 |
DUALRATE500915972 |
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754933.9W |
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Il0 |
(56HC0SI |
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-MGIOFOLE |
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WHISKEY |
CARIBOU,I.E |
4648271 |
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N4WP9442 |
360 |
SLT |
0.0 |
DUAJ. BAlEW/OBE93O |
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575537.7W |
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2757.20 |
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XRAY |
NNJI1JCKET |
4115ThEI. |
250 |
MUFPR412 |
320 |
525 FT |
05 |
DUALRATEW/0RI5930 |
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MA |
555835.1W |
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1502.93 |
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MG4OFOLE |
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YAM(EE |
CARQJ(A |
340346.IN |
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39060! |
WFFI4A2 |
550 |
'TIP |
0.0 |
DUALRATEW/ORI7SSO |
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EECH,NC |
775446.7W |
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3221.64 |
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ZLLU |
DANA*4 |
3551 (7.91 |
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540 |
A9UFFS+44 |
460 |
625 PT |
'5.5 |
DUALRATEW!0R18570 |
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6729121W |
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3152.20 |
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M4OPQ.E |
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Thecable supplied with the LC-1 is thirtyfeetlong. Do not cut the cablelilt'stootong. Instead, coil and storeit out ofthe way. An extension cableisavailable itthecableis too short. Ask yourdealer or
call your localservicecenteror the Lowrance FactoryCustomer Service department formoreinformation.
The LC-1 can beattachedtoa swivel bracket or hollow extension mast, it desired.
POWER CONNECTIONS
The LMS-10works fromatwelve-volt batterysystemonly. You can attach the powercableto an accessoryor powerbuss, however if you
haveproblems with electrical interference, then attachthe power cabledirectlytothe battery. Ifthe cable is not long enough, splice #18 gaugewire onto it.
Thepowercable has threewires; red, white, and black. Red isthe positive lead, black is negative or ground. Attachthe in-linefuse holdertothe red lead as close tothe powersourceas possible. For example, ifyou have to extend the powercableto the batteryor
powerbuss,attach thefuse holdertothe batteryor powerbuss. This will protect both the unit and the powercablein the eventof ashort. Thewhite wire is fora NMEA interface. The LMS-10 sendssteering
data foran autopilot through this wire. Ifthe white wire is not used, tapethe end so that it cannot short.
To"P" connector
SPUCEANDTAPE.
FUSE
HOLDER
TO AUTOPILOT'SNMEA INPUT
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To connect an autopilot to the LMS-1O,attach a shielded, twistedpair cable fromthe autopilot'sNMEA intput tothe whitewireonthe Nay-
Guide'spowercable. Solder the ground conductorofthetwisted pair and the shield tothe blackwireonthepowercable. Do not connect
Seeyour autopilot'smanual for more
Oncethe cableis connected, the proper outputmustbe selected.
See the NMEAOutputsectionformoreinformation.
LORANOPERATION
Initialization
The Loran must be initialized or "told where it is"thevery first time it's
used. Itthen retains ft'sposition in memory eachtime poweristurned off. Ifyou don'ttravelover a hundred milesfromthe last time you
usedthe Loran, you shouldn'thave to repeat thisstep.
first pressthe ON key. You shouldsee the message "initialcoupler",then the following screenappears:
LREOLORTD1
5 TD2
You can initializethe loran eitherby entering yourpresentpositionin
latitude/longitude coordinates, or by entering the GRI foryour area.
Press the TDI keyto selectthe initial position, or theTD2 key touse the GRI. Operation instructions forthe "SelectGRI" menu and "Select
Initial Position"areshown next.
5Q0
40°
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SELECTGRI
Usethis menu ifyou don'tknow yourpositionin latitude/longitude coordinates. Afteryou pressedtheTD2 keyfromthe initialization menu,the screen below should appear. Use the TD1 andTD2keysto step through the GRI'suntil you arrive at the desired GRI. Pressthe ENT(enter)keytoselect the GRI inthewindow.
U.S.WEST COAST LORAN-C CHAINCR1DO40
REGIONAL MANAGER COMMANDER.PACIFICAREA. ALAMEDA, CA CHAIN MANAGERCOMMANDER. PACIFIC AREA. ALAMEDA. CA
COORDINATOR OFCHAIN OPERATIONS LOCATION LDRSTA MIDDLETOWN, CA CONTROL SITE: LCRSTA MIDDLETOWN,CA
|
SIATIaI |
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C040.L |
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PINE |
111.445081 |
DESIS- |
ODOR- |
los) |
008T1E5 |
0KW) |
ANTEHNA |
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MASTER |
FALOCH. WV |
3033066W |
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MJIFPN44A |
400 |
5F |
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1164956.4W |
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Ma4DPOLE |
WHIGKEY |
0EOR00 WA |
470348.0W |
110001 |
AI81Pt445 |
1600 |
50.T |
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1104439.6W |
270690 |
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OMY |
MIDDLETOWN |
3046570W |
270 |
AMIFPO4-44A |
400 |
030Fr |
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CA- |
1332944.5W |
1254.00 |
Ma4OPOLE |
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YANKEE |
SEARCHLIGHT |
361910.2W |
400 |
AW'Ffl14l |
640 |
SIT |
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NV- |
1144817.4W |
1067.30 |
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NGl
ECD NOTES
+1.0
i-OS DUALRATEW(ORIS990
+0.5
0.0
Remember, ifyou have aproblem, you can always pressthe CLR (clear) keyto exit fromany menu.
Afterthe ENT keyis pressed, a message onthe screen appearsnext:
LRNCE COUPLER
TheLMS-tDthen flashes numbers on the Lat/Long display.
is not usableforposition information whileit flashesthe Latitude/Longitude. The LMS-10is actually searching forthe stationsinthechain
you selected. Once the Loran 'lockson"tothe stationsand computes
your position, it Yourpresentposition in latitude/ longitude coordinates should be displayed: The Loran isnow
navigation.
Ifthe unit displays a Latitude/Longitude that is notyour actualposition, seethe sectionon Primary/Alternate solutions.
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ENTERINGTHE INITIALPOSITION - LATITUDE/LONGITUDE
TheLMS-10selectsthe proper GRI to usewhenyou inputyour posi- tion. To enterthe initialpositionthevery firsttime the LMS-10is
turnedon, press theTD1 keyatthe initialization menu. You should see the screen below.
N
a a a a.a a
0
w a a a a aa a TD2
After |
enteredthe |
latitude, dothe same withthe longitude. |
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you've |
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Remember to enterazero as thefirst number in the longitude ifit's |
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Nowenteryour presentlatitude, usingthe numerickeys atthebottom |
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ofthedisplay. Ifyou make a mistake, pressthe CLEARkeyand re- |
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enterthe numbersfromthe beginning. (Note: PresstheCLRkey |
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twiceto return to theGRI/LAT/LONG selection menu.) |
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lessthan 100 degrees. Forexample, ifyourlongitude is 85degrees, enter0850000.
N 33°2'{29'
w
J IB°Q2.3S.
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