LevelOne WAP-6110 User Manual

1

LevelOne

WAP-6110

300Mbps Wireless PoE Access Point

User’s Manual

2

Table of Contents

1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 5

Features ................................................................................................................................................... 5

Device Requirements .............................................................................................................................. 5

Using this Document ............................................................................................................................... 6

Notational conventions................................................................................................................. 6

Typographical conventions .......................................................................................................... 6

Special messages ........................................................................................................................ 6

2 Getting to know the device .............................................................................. 7

Computer / System requirements .......................................................................................................... 7

Package Contents ................................................................................................................................... 7

LED meanings & activations ................................................................................................................... 8

Front Panel ................................................................................................................................... 8

Rear and Right Panel and bottom Side ...................................................................................... 9

3 Computer configurations under different OS, to obtain IP address

automatically .................................................................................................. 11

For Windows 98SE / ME / 2000 / XP ................................................................................................... 11

For Windows Vista-32/64 ...................................................................................................................... 14

For Windows 7-32/64 ............................................................................................................................ 18

For Windows 8-32/64 ............................................................................................................................ 22

4 Connecting your device ................................................................................. 27

Connecting the Hardware ..................................................................................................................... 27

Using WISP (Wireless ISP) .................................................................................................................. 28

Using PoE (Power over Ethernet) ........................................................................................................ 29

Using AP (Access Point) ....................................................................................................................... 30

Wireless Connection ............................................................................................................................. 31

5 What the Internet/WAN access of your own Network now is ....................... 33

Internet/WAN access is the DHCP client ............................................................................................. 35

Internet/WAN access is the Static IP ................................................................................................... 36

Internet/WAN access is the PPPoE client ........................................................................................... 38

6 Getting Started with the Web pages.............................................................. 39

Accessing the Web pages .................................................................................................................... 39

Testing your Setup ................................................................................................................................ 41

Default device settings .......................................................................................................................... 41

7 Wireless Network ........................................................................................... 43

Basic Settings ........................................................................................................................................ 43

Advanced Settings ................................................................................................................................ 45

Security................................................................................................................................................... 46

3

WEP + Encryption Key .............................................................................................................. 49

WEP + Use 802.1x Authentication............................................................................................ 51

WPA/WPA2/WPA2 Mixed + Personal (Pre-Shared Key) ....................................................... 53

WPA/WPA2/WPA2 Mixed + Enterprise (RADIUS) ................................................................. 54

Access Control ....................................................................................................................................... 56

Allow Listed ................................................................................................................................. 56

Deny Listed ................................................................................................................................. 58

WDS settings ......................................................................................................................................... 59

Configure WDS (Wireless Distribution System) only ............................................................... 60

Configure AP (Access Point) + WDS (Wireless Distribution System) .................................... 65

Site Survey ............................................................................................................................................. 70

Configure Wireless client + Site Survey ................................................................................... 71

Configure Wireless ISP + Site Survey ...................................................................................... 75

WPS ....................................................................................................................................................... 79

Introduction of WPS ................................................................................................................... 80

Supported WPS features ........................................................................................................... 81

AP mode ..................................................................................................................................... 81

AP as Enrollee ............................................................................................................................ 81

AP as Registrar .......................................................................................................................... 81

AP as Proxy ................................................................................................................................ 81

Infrastructure-Client mode ......................................................................................................... 82

Instructions of AP’s and Client’s operations ............................................................................. 82

Wireless Basic Settings page .................................................................................................... 83

Operations of AP - AP being an enrollee ............................................................................................. 84

Operations of AP - AP being a registrar............................................................................................... 98

AP mode ..................................................................................................................................... 98

Push Button method ................................................................................................................ 102

8 LAN Interface ............................................................................................... 106

LAN Interface Setup ............................................................................................................................ 106

Changing the LAN IP address and subnet mask .............................................................................. 108

Show Client .......................................................................................................................................... 110

9 Status............................................................................................................ 111

10 Statistics ....................................................................................................... 112

11 Log ................................................................................................................ 113

System Log .......................................................................................................................................... 113

12 Firmware Update.......................................................................................... 115

About firmware versions ..................................................................................................................... 115

Manually updating firmware ................................................................................................................ 115

13 Save/Reload Settings .................................................................................. 117

4

Save Settings to File............................................................................................................................ 117

Load Settings from File ....................................................................................................................... 119

Resetting to Defaults ........................................................................................................................... 121

14 Password ...................................................................................................... 124

Setting your username and password ............................................................................................... 124

15 Logout ........................................................................................................... 126

Logout ................................................................................................................................................... 126

A Configuring your Computers ........................................................................ 127

Configuring Ethernet PCs ................................................................................................................... 127

Before you begin ...................................................................................................................... 127

Windows® XP PCs .................................................................................................................. 127

Windows 2000 PCs .................................................................................................................. 127

Windows Me PCs ..................................................................................................................... 129

Windows 95, 98 PCs................................................................................................................ 129

Windows NT 4.0 workstations ................................................................................................. 130

Assigning static Internet information to your PCs .................................................................. 131

B IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets .............................................. 133

IP Addresses ........................................................................................................................................ 133

Structure of an IP address ....................................................................................................... 133

Network classes ....................................................................................................................... 133

Subnet masks ...................................................................................................................................... 134

C UPnP Control Point Software on Windows ME/XP .................................... 136

UPnP Control Point Software on Windows ME................................................................................. 136

UPnP Control Point Software on Windows XP with Firewall ........................................................... 137

SSDP requirements ................................................................................................................. 137

D Troubleshooting ........................................................................................... 140

Troubleshooting Suggestions ............................................................................................................. 140

Diagnosing Problem using IP Utilities ................................................................................................ 142

ping ............................................................................................................................................ 142

nslookup .................................................................................................................................... 142

E Glossary ....................................................................................................... 144

5

1 Introduction

Congratulations on becoming the owner of the Wireless
Gateway. You will now be able to access the Internet using your
high-speed xDSL/Cable modem connection.

This User Guide will show you how to connect your Wireless
Gateway, and how to customize its configuration to get the most
out of your new product.

Features

The list below contains the main features of the device and may
be useful to users with knowledge of networking protocols. If
you are not an experienced user, the chapters throughout this
guide will provide you with enough information to get the most
out of your device.

Features include:
 10/100Base-T Ethernet Wireless APto provide Internet

connectivity to all computers on your LAN

 Network address translation (NAT) functions to provide

security for your LAN

 Network configuration through DHCP Server and DHCP

Client

 Services including IP route and DNS configuration, RIP,

and IP

 Supports remote software upgrades
 User-friendly configuration program accessed via a web

browser

 User-friendly configuration program accessed via

EasySetup program

The Wireless Gateway has the internal Ethernet switch
allows for a direct connection to a 10/100BASE-T Ethernet
network via an RJ-45 interface, with LAN connectivity for
both the Wireless Gateway and a co-located PC or other
Ethernet-based device.

Device Requirements

In order to use the Wireless Gateway, you must have the
following:

 One RJ-45 Broadband Internet connection via cable

modem or xDSL modem

 Instructions from your ISP on what type of Internet access

you will be using, and the addresses needed to set up access

 One or more computers each containing an Ethernet card

(10Base-T/100Base-T network interface card (NIC))

 TCP/IP protocol for each PC

6

Note

You do not need to use a hub or switch in order to connect more
than one Ethernet PC to your device. Instead, you can connect
up to four Ethernet PCs directly to your device using the ports
labeled Ethernet on the rear panel.

Note

Provides clarifying or non-essential information on the current
topic.

Definition

Explains terms or acronyms that may be unfamiliar to many
readers. These terms are also included in the Glossary.

WARNING

Provides messages of high importance, including messages
relating to personal safety or system integrity.

 For system configuration using the supplied

a. web-based program: a web browser such as Internet
Explorer v4 or later, or Netscape v4 or later. Note that
version 4 of each browser is the minimum version
requirement – for optimum display quality, use Internet
Explorer v5, or Netscape v6.1
b. EasySetup program: Graphical User Interface

Using this Document

Notational conventions

 Acronyms are defined the first time they appear in the text

and also in the glossary.

 For brevity, the Wireless Gateway is referred to as “the device”.
 The term LAN refers to a group of Ethernet-connected

computers at one site.

Typographical conventions

 Italic text is used for items you select from menus and drop-

down lists and the names of displayed web pages.

 Bold text is used for text strings that you type when prompted

by the program, and to emphasize important points.

Special messages

This document uses the following icons to draw your attention to
specific instructions or explanations.

7

2 Getting to know the device

Computer / System requirements

 1. Pentium 200MHZ processor or above
 2. Windows 98SE, Windows Me, Windows 2000, Windows

XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 8

 3. 64MB of RAM or above
 4. 25MB free disk space

Package Contents

1. WAP-6110

2. CD-ROM With User Manual

3. Quick Installation Guide

4. Ethernet Cable (RJ-45)

5. Power Adapter

6. Detachable Antenna

8

Label

Color

Function

POWER

green

On: device is powered on
Off: device is powered off

WLAN

green

On: WLAN link established and active
Blink: Valid Wireless packet being transferred

WPS

green

Off: WPS link isn’t established and active
Blink: Valid WPS packet being transferred

LAN

green

On: LAN link established and active
Off: No LAN link

Blink: Valid Ethernet packet being transferred

LED meanings & activations

Front Panel

The front panel contains lights called Light Emitting Diodes
(LEDs) that indicate the status of the unit.

* Actual Front Panel and ANTENNA may vary depending on model.

Figure 1: Front Panel and LEDs

9

Rear and Right Panel and bottom Side

The rear and right panel and bottom side contains a Restore
Defaults button, the ports for the unit's data and power

connections.

* Actual Rear Panel and ANTENNA may vary depending on model.

Figure 2: Rear Panel Connections

* Actual button may vary depending on model.

Figure 3: Right Panel Connections

* Actual button may vary depending on model.

10

Label

Function

ANTENNA

2 detachable ANTENNA

ON/OFF
SWITCH

Power on/off the device
POWER

Connects to the supplied power adaptor

LAN

Connects the device via LAN Ethernet

WPS

Press this button for at least 3 full seconds and
the WPS LED will flash to start WPS.
Now go to the wireless adapter or device and
press its WPS button. Make sure to press the
button within 120 seconds (2 minutes) after
pressing the AP's WPS button.

RESET

Reset button. RESET the 802.11n WLAN AP to its
default settings.

Press this button for at least 6 full seconds to RESET
device to its default settings.

11

3 Computer configurations under different OS,

to obtain IP address automatically

Before starting the 802.11n WLAN AP configuration, please
kindly configure the PC computer as below, to have automatic
IP address / DNS Server.

For Windows 98SE / ME / 2000 / XP

1. Click on "Start" -> "Control Panel" (in Classic View). In
the Control Panel, double click on "Network Connections"
to continue.

12

2. Single RIGHT click on "Local Area connection", then click
"Properties".

3. Double click on "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)".

13

4. Check "Use the following IP address", configure IP
address to "192.168.1.100", Subnet mask to
"255.255.255.0" and check “Use the following DNS
server addresses” then click on "OK" to continue.

5. Click "Show icon in notification area when connected"
(see screen image in 3. above) then Click on "OK" to
complete the setup procedures.

14

For Windows Vista-32/64

1. Click on “Start” -> “Control Panel” -> “View network
status and tasks”.

15

2. In the Manage network connections, click on “Manage
network connections” to continue.

16

3. Single RIGHT click on "Wireless Network Connection",
then click "Properties".

4. The screen will display the information "User Account
Control" and click "Continue" to continue.

5. Double click on "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)".

17

6. Check "Use the following IP address", configure IP
address to "192.168.1.100", Subnet mask to
"255.255.255.0" and check “Use the following DNS

server addresses” then click on "OK" to continue.

18

For Windows 7-32/64

1. Click on “Start” -> “Control Panel” (in Category View) ->
“View network status and tasks”.

19

2. In the Control Panel Home, click on “Change adapter
settings” to continue.

20

3. Single RIGHT click on “Local Area Connection”, then click
“Properties”.

4. Double click on "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)".

21

5. Check "Use the following IP address", configure IP
address to "192.168.1.100", Subnet mask to
"255.255.255.0" and check “Use the following DNS

server addresses” then click on "OK" to continue.

22

For Windows 8-32/64

1. Move the mouse or tap to the upper right corner and click

on “Settings”.

23

2. Click on “Control Panel”.

24

3. Click on “View network status and tasks”.

4. In the Control Panel Home, click on “Change adapter

settings” to continue.

25

5. Single RIGHT click on “Ethernet", then click "Properties".

6. Double click on "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)".

26

7. Check "Use the following IP address", configure IP
address to "192.168.1.100", Subnet mask to
"255.255.255.0" and check “Use the following DNS

server addresses” then click on "OK" to continue.

27

WARNING

Before you begin, turn the power off for all devices. These
include your computer(s), your LAN hub/switch (if applicable),
and the Wireless Gateway.

4 Connecting your device

This chapter provides basic instructions for connecting the
Wireless Gateway to a computer or LAN and to the Internet.

In addition to configuring the device, you need to configure the
Internet properties of your computer(s). For more details, see
the following sections:

 Configuring Ethernet PCs
This chapter assumes that you have already established a

DSL/Cable service with your Internet service provider (ISP).
These instructions provide a basic configuration that should be
compatible with your home or small office network setup. Refer
to the subsequent chapters for additional configuration
instructions.

Connecting the Hardware

This section describes how to connect the device to the wall
phone port, the power outlet and your computer(s) or network.

The diagram below illustrates the hardware connections. The
layout of the ports on your device may vary from the layout
shown. Refer to the steps that follow for specific instructions.

28

Using WISP (Wireless ISP)

The Wireless Access Point supports WISP (Wireless ISP). To
use WISP:

Figure 4: Overview of Hardware Connections

Step 1. Connect the Ethernet cable to LAN Port
Connect the supplied RJ45 Ethernet cable from your PC's

Ethernet port to the 802.11n WLAN AP's LAN Port.
Step 2. Attach the power connector

Connect the power adapter to the power inlet “POWER” of

the 802.11n WLAN AP and turn the power switch “ON/OFF
SWITCH” of your 802.11n WLAN AP on.

* Actual ANTENNA may vary depending on model

29

Using PoE (Power over Ethernet)

The Wireless Access Point supports PoE (Power over Ethernet).
To use PoE:

Step 1. Do not connect the supplied power adapter to the
Wireless Access Point.

Step 2. Connect one end of a standard (category 5) LAN
cable to the Ethernet port on the Wireless Access Point.

Step 3. Connect the other end of the LAN cable to the
powered Ethernet port on a suitable PoE Adapter.

Step 4. Connect the unpowered Ethernet port on the PoE
adapter to your Hub or switch.

Step 5. Connect the power supply to the PoE adapter and
power up.

Step 6. Check the LEDs on the Wireless Access Point to
see it is drawing power via the Ethernet connection.

30

Using AP (Access Point)

The Wireless Access Point supports AP (Access Point). To use
AP:

Step 1. Connect the Ethernet cable to LAN Port
Connect the supplied RJ45 Ethernet cable from

xDSL/Cable Modem’s LAN port to the 802.11n WLAN AP's

LAN Port.
Step 2. Attach the power connector

Connect the power adapter to the power inlet “POWER” of
the 802.11n WLAN AP and turn the power switch “ON/OFF

SWITCH” of your 802.11n WLAN AP on.

* Actual ANTENNA may vary depending on model

31

Wireless Connection

For easy installation it is saved to keep the settings. You can
later change the wireless settings via the wireless configuration
menu. (see user manual on the CD – Chapter 8).

1. Double click on the wireless icon on your computer and
search for the wireless network that you enter SSID name.

2. Click on the wireless network that you enter SSID name

(the default setting SSID = LevelOne) to connect.

32

3. If the wireless network isn’t encrypted, click on "Connect
Anyway" to connect.

4. If the wireless network is encrypted, enter the network key
that belongs to your authentication type and key. You can
later change this network key via the wireless configuration
menu. (see user manual on the CD – Chapter 8).

5. Click on "Connect" or "Apply".

6. Now, the 802.11n WLAN AP has been connected, and able
to be configured.

33

5 What the Internet/WAN access of your own

Network now is

Now you could check what the Internet/WAN access of your
network is to know how to configure the WAN port of Wireless
Gateway.

Please follow steps below to check what the Internet/WAN
access if your own Network is DHCP Client, Static IP or PPPoE
Client.

1. Click Start -> Control Panel

34

2. Double click Network Connections

35

Internet/WAN access is the DHCP client

If you cannot see any Broadband Adapter in the Network
Connections, your Internet/WAN access is DHCP Client or
Static IP.

3. Click Local Area Connection in LAN or High-Speed
Internet and you could see string Assigned by DHCP in

Details.

36

Internet/WAN access is the Static IP

If you cannot see any Broadband Adapter in the Network
Connections, your Internet/WAN access is DHCP Client or
Static IP.

4. Click Local Area Connection in LAN or High-Speed
Internet and you could see string Manually Configured in

Details.

37

5. Right click Local Area Connection and click Properties
and then you could get the IP settings in detail and write
down the IP settings as follow:

IP Address: 192.168.10.110
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Default gateway: 192.168.10.100
Preferred DNS server: 192.168.10.100
Alternate DNS Server: If you have it, please also write it

down.

38

Internet/WAN access is the PPPoE client

If you can see any Broadband Adapter in the Network
Connections, your Internet/WAN access is PPPoE Client.

1. Click Broadband Adapter in Broadband and you could
see string Assigned by Service Provider in Details.

For PPPoE configuration on Wireless Gateway, you’ll need
following information that you could get from your Telecom, or
by your Internet Service Provider.

Username of PPPoE: 1234 for example
Password of PPPoE: 1234 for example

39

6 Getting Started with the Web pages

The Wireless Gateway includes a series of Web pages that
provide an interface to the software installed on the device. It
enables you to configure the device settings to meet the needs
of your network. You can access it through your web browser
from any PC connected to the device via the LAN ports.

Accessing the Web pages

To access the Web pages, you need the following:

 A PC or laptop connected to the LAN port on the device.
 A web browser installed on the PC. The minimum browser

version requirement is Internet Explorer v4 or Netscape v4.
For the best display quality, use latest version of Internet
Explorer, Netscape or Mozilla Fire fox. From any of the LAN
computers, launch your web browser, type the following
URL in the web address (or location) box, and press [Enter]
on your keyboard:

http://192.168.1.1
The Status homepage for the web pages is displayed:

Figure 5: Homepage

40

User Name:

admin

Password:

admin

Note

You can change the password at any time or you can configure your
device so that you do not need to enter a password. See Password.

Note

If you receive an error message or the Welcome page is not
displayed, see Troubleshooting Suggestions.

The first time that you click on an entry from the left­hand menu, a login box is displayed. You must enter
your username and password to access the pages.

A login screen is displayed:

Figure 6: Login screen

1. Enter your user name and password. The first time you log
into the program, use these defaults:

2. Click on OK. You are now ready to configure your device.

This is the first page displayed each time you log in to the Web
pages.

41

Label

Color

Function

POWER

green

On: device is powered on
Off: device is powered off

WLAN

green

On: WLAN link established and active
Blink: Valid Wireless packet being transferred

WPS

green

Off: WPS link isn’t established and active
Blink: Valid WPS packet being transferred

WAN

green

On: WAN link established and active
Off: No LAN link

Blink: Valid Ethernet packet being transferred

LAN
1/2/3/4

green

On: LAN link established and active
Off: No LAN link

Blink: Valid Ethernet packet being transferred

WARNING

We strongly recommend that you contact your ISP prior to
changing the default configuration.

Testing your Setup

Once you have connected your hardware and configured your
PCs, any computer on your LAN should be able to use the DSL
/Cable connection to access the Internet.

To test the connection, turn on the device, wait for 30 seconds
and then verify that the LEDs are illuminated as follows:

Table 1. LED Indicators

If the LEDs illuminate as expected, test your Internet connection
from a LAN computer. To do this, open your web browser, and
type the URL of any external website (such as

http://www.yahoo.com). The LED labeled WAN should blink

rapidly and then appear solid as the device connects to the site.
If the LEDs do not illuminate as expected, you may need to

configure your Internet access settings using the information
provided by your ISP. For details, see Internet Access. If the
LEDs still do not illuminate as expected or the web page is not
displayed, see Troubleshooting Suggestions or contact your
ISP for assistance.

Default device settings

In addition to handling the xDSL / Cable modem connection to
your ISP, the Wireless Gateway can provide a variety of
services to your network. The device is preconfigured with
default settings for use with a typical home or small office
network.

The table below lists some of the most important default settings;
these and other features are described fully in the subsequent
chapters. If you are familiar with network configuration, review
these settings to verify that they meet the needs of your network.
Follow the instructions to change them if necessary. If you are
unfamiliar with these settings, try using the device without
modification, or contact your ISP for assistance.

42

Option

Default Setting

Explanation/Instructions

WAN Port IP
Address

DHCP Client

This is the temporary public IP address of the WAN
port on the device. It is an unnumbered interface that
is replaced as soon as your ISP assigns a ‘real’ IP
address. See Network Settings -> WAN Interface.

LAN Port
IP Address

Assigned static IP address:

192.168.1.1

Subnet mask:

255.255.255.0

This is the IP address of the LAN port on the device.
The LAN port connects the device to your Ethernet
network. Typically, you will not need to change this
address. See Network Settings -> LAN Interface.

DHCP (Dynamic
Host Configuration
Protocol)

DHCP server disabled

The Wireless Gateway maintains a pool of private IP
addresses for dynamic assignment to your LAN
computers. To use this service, you must have set up
your computers to accept IP information dynamically,
as described in Configuring Ethernet PCs.

43

7 Wireless Network

This chapter assumes that you have already set up your
Wireless PCs and installed a compatible Wireless card on your
device. See Configuring Wireless PCs.

Basic Settings

The Wireless Network page allows you to configure the
Wireless features of your device. To access the Wireless
Network Basic Settings page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Basic Settings. The
following page is displayed:

Figure 7: Wireless Network page

44

Field

Description

Disable
Wireless LAN
Interface

Enable/Disable the Wireless LAN Interface.
Default: Disable

Band

Specify the WLAN Mode to 802.11b/g Mixed mode, 802.11b mode or

802.11g mode

Mode

Configure the Wireless LAN Interface to AP, Client, WDS, AP + WDS or
WISP mode

Network Type

Configure the Network Type to Infrastructure or Ad hoc.

SSID

Specify the network name.
Each Wireless LAN network uses a unique Network Name to identify the

network. This name is called the Service Set Identifier (SSID). When you
set up your wireless adapter, you specify the SSID. If you want to
connect to an existing network, you must use the name for that
network. If you are setting up your own network you can make up your
own name and use it on each computer. The name can be up to 20
characters long and contain letters and numbers.

Channel Width

Choose a Channel Width from the pull-down menu.

Control
Sideband

Choose a Control Sideband from the pull-down menu.

Channel
Number

Choose a Channel Number from the pull-down menu.

Broadcast SSID

Broadcast or Hide SSID to your Network.
Default: Enabled

WMM

Enable/disable the Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) support.

Data Rate

Select the Data Rate from the drop-down list

TX restrict / RX
restrict

Configure the TX restrict / RX restrict

Associated
Clients

Show Active Wireless Client Table
This table shows the MAC address, transmission, receiption packet

counters and encrypted status for each associated wireless client.

Enable Mac
Clone (Single
Ethernet Client)

Enable Mac Clone (Single Ethernet Client)

Enable
Universal
Repeater Mode

Acting as AP and client simultaneously

SSID of
Extended
Interface

When mode is set to “AP” and URM (Universal Repeater Mode ) is
enabled, user should input SSID of another AP in the field of “SSID of
Extended Interface”. Please note, the channel number should be set to

the one, used by another AP because 8186 will share the same channel
between AP and URM interface (called as extended interface hereafter).

45

Field

Description

Fragment
Threshold

When transmitting a packet over a network medium, sometimes the
packet is broken into several segments, if the size of packet exceeds
that allowed by the network medium.

The Fragmentation Threshold defines the number of bytes used for the
fragmentation boundary for directed messages.

RTS Threshold

RTS stands for “Request to Send”. This parameter controls what size

data packet the low level RF protocol issues to an RTS packet. The
default is 2347.

Beacon Interval

Choosing beacon period for improved response time for wireless http
clients.

Preamble Type

Specify the Preamble type is short preamble or long preamble

Advanced Settings

These settings are only for more technically advanced users
who have a sufficient knowledge about wireless LAN. These
settings should not be changed unless you know what effect the
changes will have on your Access Point. To access the
Wireless Network Advanced Settings page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Advanced Settings.
The following page is displayed:

46

IAPP

Disable or Enable IAPP

Protection

A protection mechanism prevents collisions among 802.11g nodes.

Aggregation

Disable or Enable Aggregation

Short GI

Disable or Enable Short GI

WLAN Partition

Disable or Enable WLAN Partition

STBC

Disable or Enable STBC

20/40MHz
Coexist

Disable or Enable 20/40MHz Coexist

RF Output
Power

TX Power measurement.

Security

This page allows you setup the wireless security. Turn on WEP
or WPA by using Encryption Keys could prevent any
unauthorized access to your wireless network. To access the
Wireless Network Security page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Security. The
following page is displayed:

47

Field

Description

Select SSID

Select the SSID

Encryption

Configure the Encryption to Disable, WEP, WPA , WPA2 or WPA-Mixed

Use 802.1x
Authentication

Use 802.1x Authentication by WEP 64bits or WEP 128bits

Authentication

Configure the Authentication Mode to Open System, Shared Key or
Auto

Key Length

Select the Key Length 64-bit or 128-bit

Key Format

Select the Key Format ASCII (5 characters), Hex (10 characters), ASCII
(13 characters) or Hex (26 characters)

Encryption Key

Enter the Encryption Key

WPA
Authentication
Mode

Configure the WPA Authentication Mode to Enterprise (RADIUS) or
Personal (Pre-Shared Key)

WPA Cipher
Suite

Configure the WPA Cipher Suite to AES

Field

Description

WPA2 Cipher
Suite

Configure the WPA2 Cipher Suite to AES

Pre-Shared Key
Format

Configure the Pre-Shared Key Format to Passphrase or HEX (64
characters)

Pre-Shared Key

Type the Pre-Shared Key

Enable Pre­Authentication

According to some of the preferred embodiments, a method for
proactively establishing a security association between a mobile node
in a visiting network and an authentication agent in another network to
which the mobile node can move includes: negotiating pre-

48

authentication using a flag in a message header that indicates whether
the communication is for establishing a pre-authentication security
association; and one of the mobile node and the authentication agent
initiating pre-authentication by transmitting a message with the flag set
in its message header, and the other of the mobile node and the
authentication agent responding with the flag set in its message header
only if it supports the pre-authentication. Enable/disable pre­authentication support. Default: disable.

Authentication
RADIUS Server

Port: Type the port number of RADIUS Server
IP address: Type the IP address of RADIUS Server
Password: Type the Password of RADIUS Server

49

WEP + Encryption Key

WEP aims to provide security by encrypting data over radio
waves so that it is protected as it is transmitted from one end
point to another. However, it has been found that WEP is not as
secure as once believed.

1. From the Encryption drop-down list, select WEP setting.

2. From the Key Length drop-down list, select 64-bit or 128-bit
setting.

3. From the Key Format drop-down list, select ASCII (5

characters), Hex (10 characters), ASCII (13 characters) or
Hex (26 characters) setting.

4. Enter the Encryption Key value depending on selected
ASCII or Hexadecimal.

5. Click Apply Changes button.

6. Click OK button.

50

7. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

51

WEP + Use 802.1x Authentication

WEP aims to provide security by encrypting data over radio
waves so that it is protected as it is transmitted from one end
point to another. However, it has been found that WEP is not as
secure as once believed.

1. From the Encryption drop-down list, select WEP setting.

2. Check the option of Use 802.1x Authentication.

3. Click on the ratio of WEP 64bits or WEP 128bits.

4. Enter the Port, IP Address and Password of RADIUS
Server:

5. Click Apply Changes button.

6. Click OK button.

52

7. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

53

WPA/WPA2/WPA2 Mixed + Personal (Pre-Shared Key)

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) is a class of systems
to secure wireless (Wi-Fi)

computer networks. WPA is designed to work with all wireless
network interface cards, but not necessarily with first generation
wireless access points. WPA2 implements the full standard, but
will not work with some older network cards. Both provide good
security, with two significant issues:

 Either WPA or WPA2 must be enabled and chosen in

preference to WEP. WEP is usually presented as the first
security choice in most installation instructions.

 In the "Personal" mode, the most likely choice for homes

and small offices, a pass phrase is required that, for full
security, must be longer than the typical 6 to 8 character
passwords users are taught to employ.

1. From the Encryption drop-down list, select WPA, WPA2 or
WPA2 Mixed setting.

2. Click on the ratio of Personal (Pre-Shared Key).

3. Check the option of TKIP and/or AES in WPA Cipher Suite
if your Encryption is WPA:

4. Check the option of TKIP and/or AES in WPA2 Cipher Suite
if your Encryption is WPA2:

5. Check the option of TKIP and/or AES in WPA/WPA2
Cipher Suite if your Encryption is WPA2 Mixed:

6. From the Pre-Shared Key Format drop-down list, select
Passphrase or Hex (64 characters) setting.

7. Enter the Pre-Shared Key depending on selected
Passphrase or Hex (64 characters).

54

8. Click on Apply Changes button to confirm and return.

9. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

WPA/WPA2/WPA2 Mixed + Enterprise (RADIUS)

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) is a class of systems
to secure wireless (Wi-Fi) computer networks. WPA is designed
to work with all wireless network interface cards, but not
necessarily with first generation wireless access points. WPA2
implements the full standard, but will not work with some older
network cards. Both provide good security, with two significant
issues:

 Either WPA or WPA2 must be enabled and chosen in

preference to WEP. WEP is usually presented as the first
security choice in most installation instructions.

 In the "Personal" mode, the most likely choice for homes

and small offices, a pass phrase is required that, for full
security, must be longer than the typical 6 to 8 character
passwords users are taught to employ.

1. From the Encryption drop-down list, select WPA, WPA2 or
WPA2 Mixed setting.

2. Click on the ratio of Enterprise (RADIUS).

3. Check the option of TKIP and/or AES in WPA Cipher Suite
if your Encryption is WPA:

55

4. Check the option of TKIP and/or AES in WPA2 Cipher Suite
if your Encryption is WPA2:

5. Check the option of TKIP and/or AES in WPA/WPA2
Cipher Suite if your Encryption is WPA2 Mixed:

6. Enter the Port, IP Address and Password of RADIUS
Server:

7. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

56

Access Control

For security reason, using MAC ACL's (MAC Address Access
List) creates another level of difficulty to hacking a network. A
MAC ACL is created and distributed to AP so that only
authorized NIC's can connect to the network. While MAC
address spoofing is a proven means to hacking a network this
can be used in conjunction with additional security measures to
increase the level of complexity of the network security
decreasing the chance of a breach.

MAC addresses can be add/delete/edit from the ACL list
depending on the MAC Access Policy.

If you choose 'Allowed Listed', only those clients whose wireless
MAC addresses are in the access control list will be able to
connect to your Access Point. When 'Deny Listed' is selected,
these wireless clients on the list will not be able to connect the
Access Point. To access the Wireless Network Access Control
page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Access Control. The
following page is displayed:

Allow Listed

If you choose 'Allowed Listed', only those clients whose wireless
MAC addresses are in the access control list will be able to
connect to your Access Point.

1. From the Wireless Access Control Mode drop-down list,
select Allowed Listed setting.

2. Enter the MAC Address.

3. Enter the Comment.

4. Click Apply Changes button.

57

5. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

6. The MAC Address that you created has been added in the
Current Access Control List.

58

Deny Listed

When 'Deny Listed' is selected, these wireless clients on the list
will not be able to connect the Access Point.

1. From the Wireless Access Control Mode drop-down list,
select Deny Listed setting.

2. Enter the MAC Address.

3. Enter the Comment.

4. Click Apply Changes button.

5. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

6. The MAC Address that you created has been added in the
Current Access Control List.

59

WDS settings

Wireless Distribution System uses wireless media to
communicate with other APs, like the Ethernet does. To do this,
you must set these APs in the same channel and set MAC
address of other APs which you want to communicate with in
the table and then enable the WDS. To access the Wireless
Network WDS settings page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on WDS settings. The
following page is displayed:

60

Configure WDS (Wireless Distribution System) only

1. From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Basic Settings.

2. From the Mode drop-down list, select WDS.

3. From the Channel Number drop-down list, select a Channel.

4. Click Apply Changes button.

5. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

61

6. From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on WDS settings.

7. Check on the option Enable WDS.

8. Enter the MAC Address.

9. Enter the Comment.

10. Click the Set Security.

62

11. This page allows you setup the wireless security for WDS.
When enabled, you must make sure each WDS device has
adopted the same encryption algorithm and Key.

12. Configure each field with the Encryption that you selected.

13. Click Apply Changes button.

14. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

63

15. Click Close button to close and exit the WDS Security
Setup.

16. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

64

17. Click Apply Changes button.

18. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

19. The MAC Address that you created has been added in the
Current Access Control List.

65

Configure AP (Access Point) + WDS (Wireless Distribution
System)

1. From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Basic Settings.

2. From the Mode drop-down list, select AP+WDS.

3. Enter SSID for example LevelOne.

4. From the Channel Number drop-down list, select a Channel.

5. Click Apply Changes button.

66

6. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

7. From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on WDS settings.

8. Check on the option Enable WDS.

9. Enter the MAC Address.

10. Enter the Comment.

11. Click the Set Security.

67

12. This page allows you setup the wireless security for WDS.
When enabled, you must make sure each WDS device has
adopted the same encryption algorithm and Key.

13. Configure each field with the Encryption that you selected.

14. Click Apply Changes button.

15. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

68

16. Click Close button to close and exit the WDS Security
Setup.

17. Click Apply Changes button.

69

18. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

19. The MAC Address that you created has been added in the
Current Access Control List.

70

Site Survey

This page provides tool to scan the wireless network. If any
Access Point or IBSS is found, you could choose to connect it
manually when client mode is enabled. To access the Wireless
Network WDS settings page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Site Survey. The
following page is displayed:

71

Configure Wireless client + Site Survey

1. From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Basic Settings.

2. From the Mode drop-down list, select Client.

3. Enter SSID of the AP that you want to connect to for
example LevelOne. If you don’t know what the SSID of the
AP that you want to connect to, please skip this step.

4. Click Apply Changes button.

72

5. Change setting successfully! Click on Reboot Now button to
confirm.

6. Please wait 20 seconds ...

7. From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Site Survey.

8. Click Site Survey button.

73

9. Now you could see the APs that scanned by the Wireless
Gateway were listed below.

10. Click on the ratio of AP’s SSID under the item Select that
you want the Wireless Gateway to connect to.

11. Click Next button.

12. Click Next button.

13. Please wait...

74

14. Check on Add to Wireless Profile.

15. Click Reboot Now button.

16. Change setting successfully! Please wait 20 seconds….

75

Configure Wireless ISP + Site Survey

1. From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Basic Settings.

2. From the Mode drop-down list, select WISP.

3. Enter SSID for example LevelOne.

4. Click Apply Changes button.

76

5. Change setting successfully! Please wait 20 seconds….

6. From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Site Survey.

7. Click Site Survey button.

77

8. Now you could see the APs that scanned by the Wireless
Gateway were listed below.

9. Click on the ratio of AP’s SSID under the item Select that
you want the Wireless Gateway to connect to.

10. Click Next button.

11. Click Next button.

12. Please wait...

78

13. Check on Add to Wireless Profile.

14. Click Reboot Now button.

15. Change setting successfully! Please wait 20 seconds….

79

Field

Description

Disable WPS

Checking this box and clicking “Apply Changes” will disable Wi-Fi
Protected Setup. WPS is turned on by default.

WPS Status

When AP’s settings are factory default (out of box), it is set to open

security and un-configured state. It will be displayed by “WPS

Status”. If it already shows “Configured”, some registrars such as

Vista WCN will not configure AP. Users will need to go to the

“Save/Reload Settings” page and click “Reset” to reload factory

default settings.

Self-PIN Number

“Self-PIN Number” is AP’s PIN. Whenever users want to change

AP’s PIN, they could click “Regenerate PIN” and then click “ Apply
Changes”. Moreover, if users want to make their own PIN, they

could enter four digit PIN without checksum and then click “ Apply

Changes”. However, this would not be recommended since the

registrar side needs to be supported with four digit PIN.

WPS

This page allows you to change the setting for WPS (Wi-Fi
Protected Setup). Using this feature could let your wireless
client automatically syncronize its setting and connect to the
Access Point in a minute without any hassle. To access the
Wireless Network WPS page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on WPS. The following
page is displayed:

80

Field

Description

Push Button

Configuration

Clicking this button will invoke the PBC method of WPS. It is only
used when AP acts as a registrar.

Apply Changes

Whenever users want to enable/disable WPS or change AP’s PIN,

they need to apply this button to commit changes.

Reset

It restores the original values of “Self-PIN Number” and “Client PIN
Number”.

Client PIN Number

It is only used when users want their station to join AP’s network.

The length of PIN is limited to four or eight numeric digits. If users
enter eight digit PIN with checksum error, there will be a warning
message popping up.

If users insist on this PIN, AP will take it.

Introduction of WPS

Although home Wi-Fi networks have become more and more
popular, users still have trouble with the initial set up of network.
This obstacle forces users to use the open security and
increases the risk of eavesdropping. Therefore, WPS is
designed to ease set up of security-enabled Wi-Fi networks and
subsequently network management (Wi-Fi Protected Setup
Specification 1.0h.pdf, p. 8).

The largest difference between WPS-enabled devices and
legacy devices is that users do not need the knowledge about
SSID, channel and security settings, but they could still surf in a
security-enabled Wi-Fi network. For examples, in the initial
network set up, if users want to use the PIN configuration, the
only thing they need to do is entering the device PIN into
registrar, starting the PIN method on that device and simply wait
until the device joins the network. After the PIN method is
started on both sides, a registration protocol will be initiated
between the registrar and the enrollee. Typically, a registrar
could be an access point or other device that is capable of
managing the network. An enrollee could be an access point or
a station that will join the network. After the registration protocol
has been done, the enrollee will receive SSID and security
settings from the registrar and then join the network. In other
words; if a station attempts to join a network managed by an
access point with built-in internal registrar, users will need to
enter station’s PIN into the web page of that access point. If the
device PIN is correct and valid and users start PIN on station,
the access point and the station will automatically exchange the
encrypted information of the network settings under the
management of AP’s internal registrar. The station then uses
this information to perform authentication algorithm, join the
secure network, and transmit data with the encryption algorithm.
More details will be demonstrated in the following sections.

81

Supported WPS features

Currently, Wireless Gateway supports WPS features for AP
mode, AP+WDS mode, Infrastructure-Client mode, and the
wireless root interface of Universal Repeater mode.

Other modes such as WDS mode, Infrastructure-Adhoc
mode, and the wireless virtual interface of Universal
Repeater mode are not implemented with WPS features.

If those unsupported modes are enforced by users, WPS
will be disabled. Under the configuration of every WPS-

supported mode, Wireless Gateway has Push Button method
and PIN method. For each method, Wireless Gateway offers
different security levels included in network credential, such as
open security, WEP 64 bits, WEP 128 bits, WPA-Personal TKIP,
WPA-Personal AES, WPA2-Personal TKIP, and WPA2­Personal AES. Users could choose either one of the methods at
their convenience.

AP mode

For AP mode, Wireless Gateway supports three roles, registrar,
proxy, and enrollee in registration protocol. At different
scenarios, Wireless Gateway will automatically switch to an

appropriate role depending on the other device’s role or a

specific configuration.

AP as Enrollee

If users know AP’s PIN and enter it into external registrar, the

external registrar will configure AP with a new wireless profile
such as new SSID and new security settings. The external
registrar does this job either utilizing the in-band EAP (wireless)
or out-of-band UPnP (Ethernet). During the WPS handshake, a
wireless profile is encrypted and transmitted to AP. If the
handshake is successfully done, AP will be re-initialized with the
new wireless profile and wait for legacy stations or WPS
stations to join its network.

AP as Registrar

Wireless Gateway also has a built-in internal registrar.

Whenever users enter station’s PIN into AP’s webpage, click
“Start PBC”, or push the physical button, AP will switch to

registrar automatically. If users apply the same method on
station side and the WPS handshake is successfully done,
SSID and security settings will be transmitted to that station
without the risk of eavesdropping. And then the station will
associate with AP in a security-enabled network.

AP as Proxy

At this state, AP is transparent to users. If users want to
configure a station or any device that is capable of being an

enrollee, they have to enter device’s PIN into an external

registrar and choose an appropriate wireless profile. After the
PIN is entered, the external registrar will inform AP this event.
AP then conveys the encrypted wireless profile between the

82

device and the external registrar. Finally, the device will use the
wireless profile and associate with AP. However, the device
may connect to other APs if the wireless profile does not belong
to the proxy AP. Users must carefully choose the wireless
profile or create a wireless profile on an external registrar.

Infrastructure-Client mode

In Infrastructure-Client mode, Wireless Gateway only supports

enrollee’s role. If users click “Start PIN”, click “Start PBC”, or

press the physical button on Wireless Gateway, it will start to
seek WPS AP. Once users apply the same method on registrar
side, Wireless Gateway will receive the wireless profile upon
successfully doing the registration protocol. Then Wireless
Gateway will associate with an AP.

Instructions of AP’s and Client’s operations

At this state, AP is transparent to users. If users want to
configure a station or any device that is capable of being an

enrollee, they have to enter device’s PIN into an external

registrar and choose an appropriate wireless profile. After the
PIN is entered, the external registrar will inform AP this event.
AP then conveys the encrypted wireless profile between the
device and the external registrar. Finally, the device will use the
wireless profile and associate with AP. However, the device
may connect to other APs if the wireless profile does not belong
to the proxy AP. Users must carefully choose the wireless
profile or create a wireless profile on an external registrar.

83

Wireless Basic Settings page

Users need to make sure the “Broadcast SSID” file is set to

“Enabled”. Otherwise, it might prevent WPS from working

properly.

84

Operations of AP - AP being an enrollee

In this case, AP will be configured by any registrar either
through in-band EAP or UPnP. Here, users do not need to do

any action on AP side. They just need AP’s device PIN and

enter it into registrar. An example from Vista WCN will be given.

1. From the left-hand Wireless -> WPS menu. The following
page is displayed:

2. Make sure AP is in un-configured state.

85

3. Plug the Ethernet cable into AP’s LAN port and make sure
the IP connection is valid with Vista.

4. Make sure WCN is enabled. Users may need to enable it at

the first time. They could open the “Control Panel”, click
“Classic View“, open “Administrative Tools”, double click
“Services”, ”, a User Account Control pop up and click

“Continue“, edit properties of “Windows Connect Now”,
choose the “Startup type” with “Automatic” and click “Start”.

86

5. If the previous steps are done, open Windows Explorer. Go
to the Network section.

6. Click on “Network discovery and file sharing are turned off.
Network computers and devices are not visible. Click to
Change…“

87

7. Click on “Turn on network discovery and file sharing“

88

8. Click on “No, make the network that I am connected to a
private network“

89

9. AP’s icon will show up. Double click on it.

90

10. Users could also Click “Add a wireless device” if the icon is
not there. Click “next”.

91

11. Enter AP’s Self-PIN Number and click “next”.

92

12. Choose a name that people who connect to your network
will recognize.

93

13. Enter the Passphrase and then click Next.

94

14. A User Account Control screen pops up, click Continue.

15. AP is successfully configured by WCN.

95

16. Finally, AP will become configured (see WPS Status). The
authentication algorithm, encryption algorithm, and key

assigned by WCN will be displayed below “Current Key

Info”.

96

17. The SSID field of Wireless Basic Settings page will also be
modified with the value assigned by WCN.

97

18. The security settings on the Wireless Security Page will be
modified by WCN, too. The warning message will show up
if users try to modify the security settings. The reason is the
same as we explained in the previous section.

98

Operations of AP - AP being a registrar

AP mode

Whenever users enter station’s PIN into AP’s Wi-Fi Protected

Setup page and click “Start PIN”, AP will become a registrar.

Users must start the PIN method on the station side within two
minutes.

1. From the left-hand Wireless -> WPS menu. The following
page is displayed:

2. Make sure AP is in un-configured state.

3. Enter the Client PIN Number.

4. Click Start PIN.

99

5. Users must start the PIN method on the station side within
two minutes.

6. Users must start the PIN method on the station side within
two minutes.

100

7. If the device PIN is correct and the WPS handshake is
successfully done on the station side, User’s Wi-Fi
Protected status will be shown as below.