LevelOne GEP-5070 User Manual
GEP-5070
48 GE PoE-Plus + 2 GE SFP L2 Managed Switch
User Manual
V1.0
U
SER
M
ANUAL
GEP-5070
Layer 2 Gigabit Ethernet Switch
with 48 10/100/1000BASE-T PoE-Plus Ports (RJ-45)
and 2 Gigabit Ethernet SFP Ports
GEP-5070
E042013/ST-R01
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
PURPOSE This guide gives specific information on how to operate and use the
management functions of the switch.
AUDIENCE The guide is intended for use by network administrators who are
responsible for operating and maintaining network equipment;
consequently, it assumes a basic working knowledge of general switch
functions, the Internet Protocol (IP), and Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMP).
CONVENTIONS The following conventions are used throughout this guide to show
information:
N
OTE
:
Emphasizes important information or calls your attention to related
features or instructions.
C
AUTION
damage the system or equipment.
W
ARNING
:
Alerts you to a potential hazard that could cause loss of data, or
:
Alerts you to a potential hazard that could cause personal injury.
RELATED PUBLICATIONS The following publication details the hardware features of the switch,
including the physical and performance-related characteristics, and how to
install the switch:
The Installation Guide
Also, as part of the switch’s software, there is an online web-based help
that describes all management related features.
REVISION HISTORY This section summarizes the changes in each revision of this guide.
APRIL 2012 REVISION
This is the first version of this guide. This guide is valid for software release
v1.0.0.4.
– 5 –
A
BOUT THIS GUIDE
– 6 –
CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS GUIDE 5
ONTENTS 7
C
IGURES 13
F
ABLES 19
T
SECTION I GETTING STARTED 21
1INTRODUCTION 23
Key Features 23
Description of Software Features 24
System Defaults 28
2INITIAL SWITCH CONFIGURATION 31
SECTION II WEB CONFIGURATION 33
3USING THE WEB INTERFACE 35
Navigating the Web Browser Interface 35
Home Page 35
Configuration Options 36
Panel Display 36
Main Menu 36
4CONFIGURING THE SWITCH 45
Configuring System Information 45
Setting an IP Address 46
Setting an IPv4 Address 46
Setting an IPv6 Address 48
Configuring NTP Service 50
Configuring the Time Zone and Daylight Savings Time 51
Configuring Remote Log Messages 53
– 7 –
C
ONTENTS
Configuring Power Reduction 54
Reducing Power to Idle Queue Circuits 54
Configuring Port Connections 55
Configuring Security 57
Configuring User Accounts 58
Configuring User Privilege Levels 60
Configuring The Authentication Method For Management Access 61
Configuring SSH 64
Configuring HTTPS 65
Filtering IP Addresses for Management Access 66
Using Simple Network Management Protocol 67
Remote Monitoring 77
Configuring Port Limit Controls 83
Configuring Authentication Through Network Access Servers 85
Filtering Traffic with Access Control Lists 96
Configuring DHCP Snooping 107
Configuring DHCP Relay and Option 82 Information 109
Configuring IP Source Guard 111
Configuring ARP Inspection 114
Specifying Authentication Servers 117
Creating Trunk Groups 119
Configuring Static Trunks 120
Configuring LACP 123
Configuring Loop Protection 125
Configuring the Spanning Tree Algorithm 127
Configuring Global Settings for STA 129
Configuring Multiple Spanning Trees 132
Configuring Spanning Tree Bridge Priorities 134
Configuring
STP/RSTP/CIST Interfaces 135
Configuring MIST Interfaces 138
Multicast VLAN Registration 140
Configuring General MVR Settings 140
Configuring MVR Channel Settings 143
IGMP Snooping 145
Configuring Global and Port-Related Settings for IGMP Snooping 145
Configuring VLAN Settings for IGMP Snooping and Query 149
– 8 –
C
ONTENTS
Configuring IGMP Filtering 151
MLD Snooping 152
Configuring Global and Port-Related Settings for MLD Snooping 152
Configuring VLAN Settings for MLD Snooping and Query 155
Configuring MLD Filtering 158
Link Layer Discovery Protocol 158
Configuring LLDP Timing and TLVs 159
Configuring LLDP-MED TLVs 162
Power over Ethernet 167
Configuring the MAC Address Table 170
IEEE 802.1Q VLANs 172
Assigning Ports to VLANs 173
Configuring VLAN Attributes for Port Members 174
Using Port Isolation 177
Configuring MAC-based VLANs 177
Protocol VLANs 179
Configuring Protocol VLAN Groups 179
Mapping Protocol Groups to Ports 181
Configuring IP Subnet-based VLANs 182
Managing VoIP Traffic 183
Configuring VoIP Traffic 184
Configuring Telephony OUI 186
Quality of Service 187
Configuring Port Classification 188
Configuring Port Policiers 188
Configuring Egress Port Scheduler 189
Configuring Egress Port Shaper 192
Configuring Port Remarking Mode 193
Configuring Port DSCP Translation and Rewriting 195
Configuring DSCP-based QoS Ingress Classification 196
Configuring DSCP Translation 198
Configuring DSCP Classification 199
Configuring QoS Control Lists 199
Configuring Storm Control 204
Configuring WRED 205
Configuring Congestion Management 206
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C
ONTENTS
Configuring Local Port Mirroring 207
Configuring Remote Port Mirroring 208
Configuring UPnP 213
Configuring sFlow 214
5MONITORING THE SWITCH 219
Displaying Basic Information About the System 219
Displaying System Information 219
Displaying CPU Utilization 220
Displaying Log Messages 221
Displaying Log Details 223
Displaying Information About Ports 223
Displaying Port Status On the Front Panel 223
Displaying an Overview of Port Statistics 224
Displaying QoS Statistics 224
Displaying QCL Status 225
Displaying Detailed Port Statistics 226
Displaying Information About Security Settings 229
Displaying Access Management Statistics 229
Displaying Information About Switch Settings for Port Security 230
Displaying Information About Learned MAC Addresses 231
Displaying Port Status for Authentication Services 232
Displaying Port Statistics for 802.1X or Remote Authentication
Service 233
Displaying ACL Status 237
Displaying Statistics for DHCP Snooping 239
Displaying DHCP Relay Statistics 240
Displaying MAC Address Bindings for ARP Packets 241
Displaying Entries in the IP Source Guard Table 242
Displaying Information on Authentication Servers 243
Displaying a List of Authentication Servers 243
Displaying Statistics for Configured Authentication Servers 244
Displaying Information on RMON 247
Displaying RMON Statistics 247
Displaying RMON Historical Samples 249
Displaying RMON Alarm Settings 250
Displaying RMON Event Settings 251
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C
ONTENTS
Displaying Information on LACP 252
Displaying an Overview of LACP Groups 252
Displaying LACP Port Status 252
Displaying LACP Port Statistics 253
Displaying Information on Loop Protection 254
Displaying Information on the Spanning Tree 255
Displaying Bridge Status for STA 255
Displaying Port Status for STA 257
Displaying Port Statistics for STA 258
Displaying MVR Information 259
Displaying MVR Statistics 259
Displaying MVR Group Information 260
Displaying MVR SFM Information 261
Showing IGMP Snooping Information 262
Showing IGMP Snooping Status 262
Showing IGMP Snooping Group Information 263
Showing IPv4 SFM Information 263
Showing MLD Snooping Information 264
Showing MLD Snooping Status 264
Showing MLD Snooping Group Information 266
Showing IPv6 SFM Information 266
Displaying LLDP Information 267
Displaying LLDP Neighbor Information 267
Displaying LLDP-MED Neighbor Information 268
Displaying LLDP Neighbor PoE Information 271
Displaying LLDP Neighbor EEE Information 272
Displaying LLDP Port Statistics 273
Displaying PoE Status 275
Displaying the MAC Address Table 276
Displaying Information About VLANs 277
VLAN Membership 277
VLAN Port Status 278
Displaying Information About MAC-based VLANs 279
Displaying Information About Flow Sampling 280
6PERFORMING BASIC DIAGNOSTICS 283
Pinging an IPv4 or IPv6 Address 283
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ONTENTS
Running Cable Diagnostics 285
7PERFORMING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE 287
Restarting the Switch 287
Restoring Factory Defaults 288
Upgrading Firmware 288
Activating the Alternate Image 289
Managing Configuration Files 290
Saving Configuration Settings 290
Restoring Configuration Settings 290
SECTION III APPENDICES 293
ASOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS 295
Software Features 295
Management Features 296
Standards 297
Management Information Bases 298
BTROUBLESHOOTING 299
Problems Accessing the Management Interface 299
Using System Logs 300
CLICENSE INFORMATION 301
The GNU General Public License 301
GLOSSARY 305
NDEX 313
I
– 12 –
FIGURES
Figure 1: Home Page 35
Figure 2: Front Panel Indicators 36
Figure 3: System Information Configuration 45
Figure 4: IP Configuration 47
Figure 5: IPv6 Configuration 49
Figure 6: NTP Configuration 50
Figure 7: Time Zone and Daylight Savings Time Configuration 52
Figure 8: Configuring Settings for Remote Logging of Error Messages 53
Figure 9: Configuring EEE Power Reduction 55
Figure 10: Port Configuration 57
Figure 11: Showing User Accounts 59
Figure 12: Configuring User Accounts 59
Figure 13: Configuring Privilege Levels 61
Figure 14: Authentication Server Operation 62
Figure 15: Authentication Method for Management Access 63
Figure 16: SSH Configuration 64
Figure 17: HTTPS Configuration 66
Figure 18: Access Management Configuration 67
Figure 19: SNMP System Configuration 71
Figure 20: SNMPv3 Community Configuration 72
Figure 21: SNMPv3 User Configuration 74
Figure 22: SNMPv3 Group Configuration 75
Figure 23: SNMPv3 View Configuration 76
Figure 24: SNMPv3 Access Configuration 77
Figure 25: RMON Statistics Configuration 78
Figure 26: RMON History Configuration 79
Figure 27: RMON Alarm Configuration 81
Figure 28: RMON Event Configuration 83
Figure 29: Port Limit Control Configuration 85
Figure 30: Using Port Security 86
Figure 31: Network Access Server Configuration 96
– 13 –
F
IGURES
Figure 32: ACL Port Configuration 98
Figure 33: ACL Rate Limiter Configuration 99
Figure 34: Access Control List Configuration 106
Figure 35: DHCP Snooping Configuration 109
Figure 36: DHCP Relay Configuration 110
Figure 37: Configuring Global and Port-based Settings for IP Source Guard 113
Figure 38: Configuring Static Bindings for IP Source Guard 114
Figure 39: Configuring Global and Port Settings for ARP Inspection 116
Figure 40: Configuring Static Bindings for ARP Inspection 117
Figure 41: Authentication Configuration 119
Figure 42: Static Trunk Configuration 122
Figure 43: LACP Port Configuration 125
Figure 44: Loop Protection Configuration 126
Figure 45: STP Root Ports and Designated Ports 127
Figure 46: MSTP Region, Internal Spanning Tree, Multiple Spanning Tree 128
Figure 47: Common Internal Spanning Tree, Common Spanning Tree, Internal
Spanning Tree 128
Figure 48: STA Bridge Configuration 132
Figure 49: Adding a VLAN to an MST Instance 134
Figure 50: Configuring STA Bridge Priorities 135
Figure 51: STP/RSTP/CIST Port Configuration 138
Figure 52: MSTI Port Configuration 139
Figure 53: MVR Concept 140
Figure 54: Configuring General MVR Settings 143
Figure 55: Configuring MVR Channel Settings 145
Figure 56: Configuring Global and Port-related Settings for IGMP Snooping 149
Figure 57: Configuring VLAN Settings for IGMP Snooping and Query 151
Figure 58: IGMP Snooping Port Group Filtering Configuration 152
Figure 59: Configuring Global and Port-related Settings for MLD Snooping 155
Figure 60: Configuring VLAN Settings for MLD Snooping and Query 157
Figure 61: MLD Snooping Port Group Filtering Configuration 158
Figure 62: LLDP Configuration 161
Figure 63: LLDP-MED Configuration 167
Figure 64: Configuring PoE Settings 170
Figure 65: MAC Address Table Configuration 172
Figure 66: VLAN Membership Configuration 174
Figure 67: VLAN Port Configuration 176
– 14 –
F
IGURES
Figure 68: Port Isolation Configuration 177
Figure 69: Configuring MAC-Based VLANs 178
Figure 70: Configuring Protocol VLANs 180
Figure 71: Assigning Ports to Protocol VLANs 182
Figure 72: Assigning Ports to an IP Subnet-based VLAN 183
Figure 73: Configuring Global and Port Settings for a Voice VLAN 186
Figure 74: Configuring an OUI Telephony List 187
Figure 75: Configuring Ingress Port QoS Classification 188
Figure 76: Configuring Ingress Port Policing 189
Figure 77: Displaying Egress Port Schedulers 191
Figure 78: Configuring Egress Port Schedulers and Shapers 192
Figure 79: Displaying Egress Port Shapers 193
Figure 80: Displaying Port Tag Remarking Mode 194
Figure 81: Configuring Port Tag Remarking Mode 195
Figure 82: Configuring Port DSCP Translation and Rewriting 196
Figure 83: Configuring DSCP-based QoS Ingress Classification 197
Figure 84: Configuring DSCP Translation and Re-mapping 198
Figure 85: Mapping DSCP to QoS 199
Figure 86: QoS Control List Configuration 203
Figure 87: Storm Control Configuration 204
Figure 88: WRED Configuration 206
Figure 89: Congestion Management Configuration 207
Figure 90: Mirror Configuration 208
Figure 91: Configuring Remote Port Mirroring 209
Figure 92: Mirror Configuration (Source) 211
Figure 93: Mirror Configuration (Intermediate) 212
Figure 94: Mirror Configuration (Destination) 213
Figure 95: UPnP Configuration 214
Figure 96: sFlow Configuration 217
Figure 97: System Information 220
Figure 98: CPU Load 221
Figure 99: System Log Information 222
Figure 100: Detailed System Log Information 223
Figure 101: Port State Overview 223
Figure 102: Port Statistics Overview 224
Figure 103: Queueing Counters 225
– 15 –
F
IGURES
Figure 104: QoS Control List Status 226
Figure 105: Detailed Port Statistics 228
Figure 106: Access Management Statistics 229
Figure 107: Port Security Switch Status 231
Figure 108: Port Security Port Status 232
Figure 109: Network Access Server Switch Status 233
Figure 110: NAS Statistics for Specified Port 237
Figure 111: ACL Status 238
Figure 112: DHCP Snooping Statistics 240
Figure 113: DHCP Relay Statistics 241
Figure 114: Dynamic ARP Inspection Table 242
Figure 115: Dynamic IP Source Guard Table 242
Figure 116: RADIUS Overview 243
Figure 117: RADIUS Details 247
Figure 118: RMON Statistics 249
Figure 119: RMON History Overview 250
Figure 120: RMON Alarm Overview 251
Figure 121: RMON Event Overview 251
Figure 122: LACP System Status 252
Figure 123: LACP Port Status 253
Figure 124: LACP Port Statistics 254
Figure 125: Loop Protection Status 254
Figure 126: Spanning Tree Bridge Status 257
Figure 127: Spanning Tree Detailed Bridge Status 257
Figure 128: Spanning Tree Port Status 258
Figure 129: Spanning Tree Port Statistics 259
Figure 130: MVR Statistics 260
Figure 131: MVR Group Information 261
Figure 132: MVR SFM Information 261
Figure 133: IGMP Snooping Status 263
Figure 134: IGMP Snooping Group Information 263
Figure 135: IPv4 SFM Information 264
Figure 136: MLD Snooping Status 265
Figure 137: MLD Snooping Group Information 266
Figure 138: IPv6 SFM Information 267
Figure 139: LLDP Neighbor Information 268
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F
IGURES
Figure 140: LLDP-MED Neighbor Information 271
Figure 141: LLDP Neighbor PoE Information 272
Figure 142: LLDP Neighbor EEE Information 273
Figure 143: LLDP Port Statistics 275
Figure 144: Power over Ethernet Status 276
Figure 145: MAC Address Table 277
Figure 146: Showing VLAN Members 278
Figure 147: Showing VLAN Port Status 279
Figure 148: Showing MAC-based VLAN Membership Status 280
Figure 149: Showing sFlow Statistics 282
Figure 150: ICMP Ping 284
Figure 151: VeriPHY Cable Diagnostics 285
Figure 152: Restart Device 287
Figure 153: Factory Defaults 288
Figure 154: Software Upload 289
Figure 155: Software Image Selection 289
Figure 156: Configuration Save 290
Figure 157: Configuration Upload 291
– 17 –
F
IGURES
– 18 –
TABLES
Table 1: Key Features 23
Table 2: System Defaults 28
Table 3: Web Page Configuration Buttons 36
Table 4: Main Menu 36
Table 5: HTTPS System Support 65
Table 6: SNMP Security Models and Levels 68
Table 7: Dynamic QoS Profiles 89
Table 8: QCE Modification Buttons 100
Table 9: Recommended STA Path Cost Range 136
Table 10: Recommended STA Path Costs 136
Table 11: Default STA Path Costs 136
Table 12: QCE Modification Buttons 200
Table 13: System Capabilities 268
Table 14: Troubleshooting Chart 299
– 19 –
T
ABLES
– 20 –
S
ECTION
GETTING STARTED
This section provides an overview of the switch, and introduces some basic
concepts about network switches. It also describes the basic settings
required to access the management interface.
This section includes these chapters:
◆ "Introduction" on page 23
◆ "Initial Switch Configuration" on page 31
I
– 21 –
S
ECTION
I
| Getting Started
– 22 –
1 INTRODUCTION
This switch provides a broad range of features for Layer 2 switching. It
includes a management agent that allows you to configure the features
listed in this manual. The default configuration can be used for most of the
features provided by this switch. However, there are many options that you
should configure to maximize the switch’s performance for your particular
network environment.
KEY FEATURES
Table 1: Key Features
Feature Description
Configuration Backup
and Restore
Backup to management station using Web
Authentication Telnet, Web – user name/password, RADIUS, TACACS+
Web – HTT PS
Teln e t – SSH
SNMP v1/2c - Community strings
SNMP version 3 – MD5 or SHA password
Port – IEEE 802.1X, MAC address filtering
General Security
Measures
Access Control Lists Supports up to 512 rules
DHCP Client
DNS Client and Proxy service
Port Configuration Speed, duplex mode, flow control, MTU, response to excessive
Rate Limiting Input rate limiting per port (manual setting or ACL)
Port Mirroring 1 session, multiple source ports to one analysis port (local mirror),
Port Trunking Supports up to 25 trunks – static or dynamic trunking (LACP)
Congestion Control Throttling for broadcast, multicast, unknown unicast storms
Address Table 8K MAC addresses in the forwarding table, 1000 static MAC
Private VLANs
Port Authentication
Port Security
DHCP Snooping (with Option 82 relay information)
IP Source Guard
collisions, power saving mode
or one source port to multiple destination ports (remote mirror)
addresses, 1K L2 IGMP multicast groups and 128 MVR groups
IP Version 4 and 6 Supports IPv4 and IPv6 addressing, management, and QoS
IEEE 802.1D Bridge Supports dynamic data switching and addresses learning
Store-and-Forward
Switching
Supported to ensure wire-speed switching while eliminating bad
frames
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Description of Software Features
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| Introduction
Table 1: Key Features (Continued)
Feature Description
Spanning Tree Algorithm Supports standard STP, Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP), and
Virtual LANs Up to 4K using IEEE 802.1Q, port-based, protocol-based, private
Traffic Prioritization Queue mode and CoS configured by Ethernet type, VLAN ID, TCP/
Qualify of Service Supports Differentiated Services (DiffServ), and DSCP remarking
Link Layer Discovery
Protocol
Multicast Filtering Supports IGMP snooping and query, MLD snooping, and Multicast
DESCRIPTION OF SOFTWARE FEATURES
The switch provides a wide range of advanced performance enhancing
features. Flow control eliminates the loss of packets due to bottlenecks
caused by port saturation. Storm suppression prevents broadcast,
multicast, and unknown unicast traffic storms from engulfing the network.
Untagged (port-based), tagged, and protocol-based VLANs provide traffic
security and efficient use of network bandwidth. CoS priority queueing
ensures the minimum delay for moving real-time multimedia data across
the network. While multicast filtering provides support for real-time
network applications.
Multiple Spanning Trees (MSTP)
VLANs, and voice VLANs, and QinQ tunnel
UDP port, DSCP, ToS bit, VLAN tag priority, or port
Used to discover basic information about neighboring devices
VLAN Registration
Some of the management features are briefly described below.
CONFIGURATION
BACKUP AND
RESTORE
You can save the current configuration settings to a file on the
management station (using the web interface) or a TFTP server (using the
console interface through Telnet), and later download this file to restore
the switch configuration settings.
AUTHENTICATION This switch authenticates management access via a web browser. User
names and passwords can be configured locally or can be verified via a
remote authentication server (i.e., RADIUS or TACACS+). Port-based
authentication is also supported via the IEEE 802.1X protocol. This protocol
uses Extensible Authentication Protocol over LANs (EAPOL) to request user
credentials from the 802.1X client, and then uses the EAP between the
switch and the authentication server to verify the client’s right to access
the network via an authentication server (i.e., RADIUS or TACACS+
server).
Other authentication options include HTTPS for secure management access
via the web, SSH for secure management access over a Telnet-equivalent
connection, SNMP Version 3, IP address filtering for SNMP/Telnet/web
management access, and MAC address filtering for port access.
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Description of Software Features
1
| Introduction
ACCESS CONTROL
LISTS
ACLs provide packet filtering for IP frames (based on protocol, TCP/UDP
port number or frame type) or layer 2 frames (based on any destination
MAC address for unicast, broadcast or multicast, or based on VLAN ID or
VLAN tag priority). ACLs can by used to improve performance by blocking
unnecessary network traffic or to implement security controls by restricting
access to specific network resources or protocols. Policies can be used to
differentiate service for client ports, server ports, network ports or guest
ports. They can also be used to strictly control network traffic by only
allowing incoming frames that match the source MAC and source IP on
specific port.
PORT CONFIGURATION You can manually configure the speed and duplex mode, and flow control
used on specific ports, or use auto-negotiation to detect the connection
settings used by the attached device. Use the full-duplex mode on ports
whenever possible to double the throughput of switch connections. Flow
control should also be enabled to control network traffic during periods of
congestion and prevent the loss of packets when port buffer thresholds are
exceeded. The switch supports flow control based on the IEEE 802.3x
standard (now incorporated in IEEE 802.3-2002).
RATE LIMITING This feature controls the maximum rate for traffic transmitted or received
on an interface. Rate limiting is configured on interfaces at the edge of a
network to limit traffic into or out of the network. Traffic that falls within
the rate limit is transmitted, while packets that exceed the acceptable
amount of traffic are dropped.
PORT MIRRORING The switch can unobtrusively mirror traffic from any port to a monitor port.
You can then attach a protocol analyzer or RMON probe to this port to
perform traffic analysis and verify connection integrity.
PORT TRUNKING Ports can be combined into an aggregate connection. Trunks can be
manually set up or dynamically configured using Link Aggregation Control
Protocol (LACP – IEEE 802.3-2005). The additional ports dramatically
increase the throughput across any connection, and provide redundancy by
taking over the load if a port in the trunk should fail. The switch supports
up to 5 trunks.
STORM CONTROL Broadcast, multicast and unknown unicast storm suppression prevents
traffic from overwhelming the network.When enabled on a port, the level of
broadcast traffic passing through the port is restricted. If broadcast traffic
rises above a pre-defined threshold, it will be throttled until the level falls
back beneath the threshold.
STATIC ADDRESSES A static address can be assigned to a specific interface on this switch.
Static addresses are bound to the assigned interface and will not be
moved. When a static address is seen on another interface, the address will
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Description of Software Features
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| Introduction
be ignored and will not be written to the address table. Static addresses
can be used to provide network security by restricting access for a known
host to a specific port.
IEEE 802.1D BRIDGE The switch supports IEEE 802.1D transparent bridging. The address table
facilitates data switching by learning addresses, and then filtering or
forwarding traffic based on this information. The address table supports up
to 16K addresses.
STORE-AND-FORWARD
SWITCHING
SPANNING TREE
ALGORITHM
The switch copies each frame into its memory before forwarding them to
another port. This ensures that all frames are a standard Ethernet size and
have been verified for accuracy with the cyclic redundancy check (CRC).
This prevents bad frames from entering the network and wasting
bandwidth.
To avoid dropping frames on congested ports, the switch provides 8 MB for
frame buffering. This buffer can queue packets awaiting transmission on
congested networks.
The switch supports these spanning tree protocols:
◆ Spanning Tree Protocol (STP, IEEE 802.1D) – Supported by using the
STP backward compatible mode provided by RSTP. STP provides loop
detection. When there are multiple physical paths between segments,
this protocol will choose a single path and disable all others to ensure
that only one route exists between any two stations on the network.
This prevents the creation of network loops. However, if the chosen
path should fail for any reason, an alternate path will be activated to
maintain the connection.
◆ Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP, IEEE 802.1w) – This protocol
reduces the convergence time for network topology changes to about 3
to 5 seconds, compared to 30 seconds or more for the older IEEE
802.1D STP standard. It is intended as a complete replacement for STP,
but can still interoperate with switches running the older standard by
automatically reconfiguring ports to STP-compliant mode if they detect
STP protocol messages from attached devices.
◆ Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP, IEEE 802.1s) – This protocol is
a direct extension of RSTP. It can provide an independent spanning tree
for different VLANs. It simplifies network management, provides for
even faster convergence than RSTP by limiting the size of each region,
and prevents VLAN members from being segmented from the rest of
the group (as sometimes occurs with IEEE 802.1D STP).
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Description of Software Features
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| Introduction
VIRTUAL LANS The switch supports up to 4096 VLANs. A Virtual LAN is a collection of
network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their
physical location or connection point in the network. The switch supports
tagged VLANs based on the IEEE 802.1Q standard. Members of VLAN
groups can be manually assigned to a specific set of VLANs. This allows the
switch to restrict traffic to the VLAN groups to which a user has been
assigned. By segmenting your network into VLANs, you can:
◆ Eliminate broadcast storms which severely degrade performance in a
flat network.
◆ Simplify network management for node changes/moves by remotely
configuring VLAN membership for any port, rather than having to
manually change the network connection.
◆ Provide data security by restricting all traffic to the originating VLAN.
◆ Use private VLANs to restrict traffic to pass only between data ports
and the uplink ports, thereby isolating adjacent ports within the same
VLAN, and allowing you to limit the total number of VLANs that need to
be configured.
IEEE 802.1Q
TUNNELING (QINQ)
TRAFFIC
PRIORITIZATION
◆ Use protocol VLANs to restrict traffic to specified interfaces based on
protocol type.
This feature is designed for service providers carrying traffic for multiple
customers across their networks. QinQ tunneling is used to maintain
customer-specific VLAN and Layer 2 protocol configurations even when
different customers use the same internal VLAN IDs. This is accomplished
by inserting Service Provider VLAN (SPVLAN) tags into the customer’s
frames when they enter the service provider’s network, and then stripping
the tags when the frames leave the network.
This switch prioritizes each packet based on the required level of service,
using four priority queues with strict or Weighted Round Robin queuing. It
uses IEEE 802.1p and 802.1Q tags to prioritize incoming traffic based on
input from the end-station application. These functions can
provide independent priorities for delay-sensitive data and best-effort data.
This switch also supports several common methods of prioritizing layer 3/4
traffic to meet application requirements. Traffic can be prioritized based on
the priority bits in the IP frame’s Type of Service (ToS) octet or the number
of the TCP/UDP port. When these services are enabled, the priorities are
mapped to a Class of Service value by the switch, and the traffic then sent
to the corresponding output queue.
be used to
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System Defaults
1
| Introduction
QUALITY OF SERVICE Differentiated Services (DiffServ) provides policy-based management
mechanisms used for prioritizing network resources to meet the
requirements of specific traffic types on a per-hop basis. Each packet is
classified upon entry into the network based on access lists, DSCP values,
or VLAN lists. Using access lists allows you select traffic based on Layer 2,
Layer 3, or Layer 4 information contained in each packet. Based on
network policies, different kinds of traffic can be marked for different kinds
of forwarding.
MULTICAST FILTERING Specific multicast traffic can be assigned to its own VLAN to ensure that it
does not interfere with normal network traffic and to guarantee real-time
delivery by setting the required priority level for the designated VLAN. The
switch uses IGMP Snooping and Query to manage multicast group
registration for IPv4 traffic, and MLD Snooping for IPv6 traffic. It also
supports Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) which allows common
multicast traffic, such as television channels, to be transmitted across a
single network-wide multicast VLAN shared by hosts residing in other
standard or private VLAN groups, while preserving security and data
isolation for normal traffic.
SYSTEM DEFAULTS
The switch’s system defaults are stored in a non-volitile memory. To reset
the switch defaults, see "Restoring Factory Defaults" on page 288.
The following table lists some of the basic system defaults.
Table 2: System Defaults
Function Parameter Default
Authentication User Name “admin”
Password “admin”
RADIUS Authentication Disabled
TACACS+ Authentication Disabled
802.1X Port Authentication Disabled
HTTPS Enabled
SSH Enabled
Port Security Disabled
IP Filtering Disabled
Web Management HTTP Server Enabled
HTTP Port Number 80
HTTP Secure Server Disabled
HTTP Secure Server Redirect Disabled
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Table 2: System Defaults (Continued)
Function Parameter Default
SNMP SNMP Agent Disabled
Community Strings “public” (read only)
“private” (read/write)
1
| Introduction
System Defaults
Traps Global: disabled
SNMP V3 View: default_view
Port Configuration Admin Status Enabled
Auto-negotiation Enabled
Flow Control Disabled
Rate Limiting Input and output limits Disabled
Po r t Tr u n k i n g St a t i c Tr u n k s No n e
LACP (all ports) Disabled
Storm Protection Status Broadcast: Enabled (1 kpps)
Spanning Tree Algorithm Status Enabled, RSTP
Edge Ports Enabled
Address Table Aging Time 300 seconds
Virtual LANs Default VLAN 1
PVID 1
Authentication traps: enabled
Link-up-down events: enabled
Group: default_rw_group
Multicast: disabled
Unknown unicast: disabled
(Defaults: RSTP standard)
Acceptable Frame Type All
Ingress Filtering Disabled
Switchport Mode (Egress Mode) Access
Traffic Prioritization Ingress Port Priority 0
Queue Mode Strict
Weighted Round Robin Queue: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Weight: Disabled in strict mode
Ethernet Type Disabled
VLAN ID Disabled
VLAN Priority Tag Disabled
ToS P r i o rity D i s a ble d
IP DSCP Priority Disabled
TCP/UDP Port Priority Disabled
LLDP Status Enabled
– 29 –
C
HAPTER
1
| Introduction
System Defaults
Table 2: System Defaults (Continued)
Function Parameter Default
IP Settings Management. VLAN VLAN 1
IP Address 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway 0.0.0.0
DHCP Client: Disabled
Snooping: Disabled
DNS Proxy service: Disabled
Multicast Filtering IGMP Snooping Snooping: Disabled
MLD Snooping Disabled
Multicast VLAN Registration Disabled
System Log
(console only)
NTP Clock Synchronization Disabled
Status Disabled
Messages Logged to Flash All levels
Querier: Disabled
– 30 –
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