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MX400

Leica MX400 Operating Instructions Manual

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Page 1
Operator’s
Manual
MADE TO MEASURE
MX400 GPS Navigator
Page 2
Operator’s Manual
DGPS Navigator
Product Information
The model and serial number of your instrument are given on the instrument. Enter the model and serial number in the spaces provided below. Always refer to this information when you contact your dealer.
Receiver Serial No.:______________ Part No.: _______________
Document No. 10500MAN
MX400 Series GPS
MX400 MX400B MX412 MX412B
MX412BR
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Symbols Used In This Manual
Danger
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
Warning
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
Caution
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury and/or appreciable material, financial and envirtonmental damage. This symbol is also used to alert against unsafe practices.
Important paragraphs which must be adhered to in practice as they enable the product to be used in a technically correct and efficient manner.
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This manual contains important safety directions as well as instruc­tions for setting up the instrument and operating it. Read carefully through the Operator’s Manual, Options Manual, and Installation & Service Manual before you switch on the instrument.
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Scope Of This Manual
This manual reflects the software capabilities in version 3.2 software.
We have attempted to take care and develop manuals which provide in-depth information. Where possible, we have attempted not only to describe what you see on the screen, but how to understand or use it as well. Obviously, we can’t teach you how to navigate, but we can help make your work more thorough and enjoyable. Throughout the manual, you will find helpful hints about the interaction of various functions. In a piece of equipment that has the many capabilities of this receiver, important details can sometimes become obscured in one or two lines of text. In our effort to ensure you get the most out of this documentation, and protect against important details becoming lost, don’t be surprised if you see the same or similar information more than once.
This manual is organized by describing the special front panel features first. The sections that follow detail each primary function as it is presented on the front panel (i.e. NAV, RTE, WPT, PLOT, ...CFG). The appedixes describe important details about special functions. Details of any product options that are available at an additional modest price are provided in a separate Options Manual (see Related Documents below).
We hope you find the manual enjoyable and informative reading. As always, we welcome your comments on improving our products or manuals. We wouldn’t mind if you wrote to tell us that we did the job right the first time either. You can find a Reader Comment Card at the back of the manual.
Related Documents
Installation & Service Manual (P/N 10501MAN)
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How To Contact Us
For Installation, Service, & Technical Support:
Contact your local Leica dealer
For Sales of accessories:
Contact your local Leica dealer
For Hardware and Software Upgrades:
Contact your local Leica dealer
Unlike many other consumer electronics industries which only sell consumer electronic devices, your marine dealer is often your best advisor for installation and service of your new GPS receiver. Leica strongly encourages you to utilize the knowledge and experience of your sales and service dealer.
Should you need to contact us directly, we can be reached at the following for new sales, upgrades, repair service, or technical support:
International:
Leica Geosystems GPS 23868 Hawthorne Blvd. Torrance, California 90505 USA
+01-310-791-5350 Telephone (International) 1-800-97-LEICA (1-800-975-3422) Telephone (USA) +01-310-791-6108 Fax [email protected]
In Europe:
Leica Geosystems A/S Høkær12A DK-2730 Herlev Denmark
+45-44-54-03-00Telephone +45-44-54-03-30 Sales Fax
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Version 3.3 i
Table of Contents Operator’s Manual
Table of Contents
Product Information........................................................................ i
Product Information........................................................................ i
Symbols Used In This Manual........................................................ii
Symbols Used In This Manual........................................................ii
Scope Of This Manual...................................................................iii
Related Documents.......................................................................iii
Scope Of This Manual...................................................................iii
Related Documents.......................................................................iii
How To Contact Us........................................................................iv
How To Contact Us........................................................................iv
About GPS Navigation................................................................1
Special Notes ................................................................................ 2
GPS ............................................................................................. 2
DGPS........................................................................................... 2
Charts and Navigational Aids....................................................... 3
Functional Description ................................................................4
Receiver Configurations..................................................................4
6 Channel GPS ............................................................................. 4
6 Channel GPS With Built-in Beacon ............................................ 4
12 Channel GPS ........................................................................... 4
12 Channel GPS With Built-in Beacon.......................................... 5
6 Channel Dual Control................................................................. 5
12 Channel Dual Control............................................................... 5
12 Channel Dual Control Integrity Monitor .................................... 6
DGPS Beacon System ...............................................................8
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Keypad & Display Description...................................................10
Differential GPS Traffic Light Operation: ..................................... 11
Red Flashing.............................................................................. 11
Red/Yellow Solid ........................................................................ 11
Red Solid ................................................................................... 11
Yellow/Green Solid..................................................................... 11
Yellow Solid................................................................................ 12
Green Solid ................................................................................12
GPS Traffic Light Operation: ....................................................... 12
Red Flashing.............................................................................. 12
Red/Yellow Solid ........................................................................ 13
Red Solid ................................................................................... 13
Yellow Solid................................................................................ 13
Green Solid ................................................................................13
The Display: ................................................................................ 14
The Softkeys: ..................................................................... 14
The Function Keys: ..................................................................... 14
Mark Position..................................................................15
GOTOO ............................................................................. 15
LIGHT ............................................................................. 15
POWER ON/OFF............................................................ 16
MAN OVER BOARD (MOB) ........................................... 16
E
E (EDIT).......................................................................... 17
C
C (CLEAR)...................................................................... 18
CURSOR ........................................................................18
NAV
1
ABC
FUNCTION ..................................................................... 18
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Navigate ...................................................................................20
Dead Reckoning............................................................................21
NAV1 - The Panorama Screen......................................................22
NAV2 - Basic Steering Information................................................24
NAV 3 - Expanded Navigation Information....................................26
NAV4 - Sensor Input Navigation....................................................27
Route........................................................................................31
RTE1 - The Active Route...............................................................32
Creating A Route Using The GOTO Key: .................................... 33
Erasing An Existing Route........................................................... 36
Creating A Multi-Waypoint Active Route...................................... 37
Insert By Number ........................................................................ 38
Choose In Bank........................................................................... 39
Insert New Waypoint ................................................................... 40
Insert Route................................................................................. 41
Maneuvering Within The Route................................................... 42
Scrolling ..................................................................................... 42
Skipping and Unpassing Waypoints........................................... 42
Inserting Waypoints or Routes Into An Existing Route...............43
Reversing The Active Route.......................................................46
ETA Setup .....................................................................................47
SOG Based on Arrival Date & Time: ........................................... 48
ETA Based on Speed: ................................................................. 48
RTE2 - The Route Bank................................................................49
Waypoint...................................................................................51
Creating And Editing Waypoints....................................................52
Waypoint Lock/Unlock.................................................................57
To lock a waypoint......................................................................58
To unlock a waypoint..................................................................58
To lock all waypoints .................................................................. 59
To unlock all waypoints .............................................................. 59
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Removing Waypoints.....................................................................60
Moving waypoints..........................................................................61
Downloading Waypoints & Routes To Other Devices....................63
Rnn - Routes:............................................................................. 63
RTE - Active Route:....................................................................64
WPL - Waypoint Location - NMEA 0183 Standard:.................... 65
WPL - Waypoint With Symbols &
Description - NMEA 0183 Expanded: .................................. 65
Downloading Waypoints To A Personal Computer ...................... 66
Uploading Waypoints From Other Devices....................................68
Uploading Waypoints From A Personal Computer ...................... 69
Mark or Event .................................................................. 71
GOTOO ..............................................................................72
Plot ...........................................................................................75
PLOT 1 - Relative To Boat.............................................................77
Modifying The Active Route Using The Plot Screen.................... 77
Customizing The Display............................................................. 79
PLOT 2 - Relative To Marker.........................................................82
Plot Screen Use Examples............................................................82
Station Keeping........................................................................... 82
Grid Search ................................................................................. 83
Man Over Board...............................................................85
Remote MOB ................................................................................86
Tide ..........................................................................................87
TIDE1 - Current Tide Display ........................................................87
TIDE2 - Tide Table Port List ..........................................................88
Adding A Port ................................................................................90
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Auxiliary....................................................................................92
AUX1 - Alarm Log...................................................................... 92
AUX2 - Speed Graph .................................................................. 93
AUX3 - Fuel Information.............................................................. 93
AUX4 - Sun Almanac................................................................... 94
AUX5 - Moon Phases.................................................................. 94
AUX6 - Batteries.......................................................................... 94
AUX7 -Unit Information ............................................................... 95
Position.....................................................................................96
POS1 - Large Position Display......................................................97
Loran-C ....................................................................................... 97
User Grid..................................................................................... 98
UTM............................................................................................. 98
Decca .......................................................................................... 99
POS2 - Position, Altitude, Magnetic Variation, & Time ..................99
POS3 - Position & Log ................................................................100
GPS........................................................................................102
GPS1 - Current Satellite Status...................................................102
For 6 Channel GPS Models ...................................................... 102
For 12 Channel GPS Models .................................................... 104
GPS2 - GPS Health (All Models).................................................105
DGPS..................................................................................... 109
DGPS1 - Current DGPS Correction Status .................................109
DGPS3 - DGPS Messages ......................................................... 112
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Configuration.......................................................................... 113
Alarms.........................................................................................113
Anchor - Anchor Watch Alarm ..................................................... 114
COG SOG - Course & Speed Filter Settings & Setup.................114
Compass - External Compass Input & Magnetic
Variation Table ......................................................................115
Datum - Current Position Calculation .......................................... 116
Depth - NMEA Input Control........................................................117
DGPS - Differential Correction Input Control............................... 118
DR - Dead Reckoning .................................................................121
Dual Contr. - Dual Station Control...............................................123
Fuel - Fuel Input Calibration & Control ........................................123
GPS - Elevation Mask & Antenna Offset Control.........................125
Init Pos - Initial Position Entry......................................................126
Language - Foreign Language Setup..........................................127
Lighting - Display/Keyboard Light & Contrast Control .................128
Log - Speed Log Input (Pulse or NMEA 0183) ............................129
Log Pulses - GPS SOG Log Pulse Output..................................131
MX 480 - MX 480 PC Chart Interface Control .............................131
Navigation - Navigation Method & Waypoint Pass
Criterion Control....................................................................131
NMEA Out 1 thru 4 - NMEA 0183 Output Data Control...............135
Other Special Cases Affecting NMEA 0183 Records: ............... 140
Operation - General Setup And Control Settings.........................141
Organizer - Automated Message Reminders ..............................143
Position - Positioning Reference, Mode, & Alarm Control ...........144
Printout 2 - Printer Output Control...............................................146
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Security .......................................................................................149
Set & Drift....................................................................................149
SJB - Smart Junction Box Control...............................................150
Time - Mode And Format Control ................................................152
Wind............................................................................................153
Wpt & Rte Input - Uploading Waypoints Into the receiver ...........154
Appendix A - Datum List .........................................................155
Appendix B - Beacon List .......................................................162
Appendix C- Engineering Mode.............................................. 175
AUX7 - Unit Information & Self Test ............................................175
Receiver Cold Start - Clearing Memory To Factory Default.........177
GPS - GPS Receiver Troubleshooting ........................................178
GPS6 - Visible Satellite Information .......................................... 178
GPS7 - GPS Position Uncertainty...............................................179
GPS8 - Oscillator Offset Temperature Curve Fit..........................180
GPS9 - GPS Debug Screen........................................................181
DGPS8 - Beacon Receiver Status ..............................................183
Beacon Signal Scope..................................................................184
Appendix D - Dual Control Head Mode................................... 186
Turning Master And Slave Units Off ............................................188
Appendix E - Demonstration Mode.........................................189
Appendix F - Software Updates..............................................191
Glossary .................................................................................196
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Version 3.3 1
About GPS Navigation Operator’s Manual
About GPS Navigation
This GPS receiver is a precision navigation instrument utilizing the latest technology available today to provide optimum performance from the GPS satellite and Beacon land signals received. As with all other forms of radio signals, the ultimate navigation result is dependent upon the quality of these signals. Radio signals may, on occasion, be distorted, jammed, or otherwise incorrect. As a result, your position accuracy may occasionally be less than that which can normally be expected.
The Navstar Global Positioning System, commonly referred to as GPS, is a satellite navigation system developed by the U.S. Depart­ment of Defense to provide both military and civilian users with highly accurate, worldwide, three dimensional navigation and time. By receiving signals from orbiting GPS satellites, authorized users are able to continuously navigate with an accuracy on the order of 16 meters or better, while civilian users are limited to accuracy’s of approximately 100 meters 2D RMS.
A technique referred to as Differential GPS (DGPS), allows users to obtain maximum accuracy from the GPS system. DGPS requires the use of two GPS receivers. One receiver, known as the Reference Station, is placed at a surveyed location, the coordinates of which are precisely known. The purpose of the differential GPS system is to use the reference station to measure the errors in the GPS signals and to compute corrections to remove the errors. The corrections are then communicated in real-time to the navigators, where they are combined with the satellite signals received by the navigators, thereby improving their navigation or positioning. This technique is effective because many of the errors at the reference station and navigators are common. The geographic validity of these correc­tions decreases with distance from the reference station, but the corrections are valid for navigators hundreds of kilometers from the reference station.
In order to set up a DGPS system, the user must have a GPS reference station at a precisely known location, a DGPS navigator, and a communication link to transmit the pseudorange corrections.
Leica has pioneered the development of the DGPS Beacon System. This system allows the user to benefit from the accuracy of DGPS without the need to purchase and maintain a complete DGPS System (reference stations, transmitting equipment, as well as
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Operator’s Manual About GPS Navigation
receiving equipment, and navigators). Marine radio beacons operating in the 283.5 to 325.0 KHz fre-
quency range are in widespread use for direction finding in coastal navigation. Because the beacon system has been in place and widely used for many years, it provides an effective means for the transmission of DGPS signals. Depending on their local environ­ment and power output, their signals may be usable to several hundred miles. Marine beacons provide an economical means of obtaining DGPS accuracy for coastal navigators. GPS receivers with built-in beacon receivers are designed to provide low cost reception of DGPS corrections broadcast (normally free of charge) by coastal authorities.
Special Notes
GPS
Never rely solely on any single navigational aid. Always use whatever information is available, and cross-check information when possible. GPS expected position accuracy is better than 100 meters (95% of the time); but may be up to 300 meters occasion­ally. The derived speed and course readings may be hampered accordingly. The GPS system was declared operational in 1994, however, the system’s availability and accuracy are subject to change at the discretion of the US Department of Defense.
DGPS
This GPS receiver’s position accuracy is improved to 5 meters or better for 95% of the time, subject to the availability, accuracy, and control of the DGPS correction transmission from the Beacon Station, or other reference station connected at the time of usage.
The differential GPS position is that of the navigator GPS antenna, and not that of the beacon antenna, if a separate beacon antenna is in use. In addition, the beacon radio signal which carries the DGPS corrections may be hampered by weather conditions such as heavy rain, snow, and thunder storms. The beacon radio signal may also be interrupted by powerful radio transmitters operating in long
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About GPS Navigation Operator’s Manual
wave length bands.
Charts and Navigational Aids
Positions obtained from charts are not always as accurate as your navigator (due to environmental changes, the dates of charts, and datum offsets if the datum differs from the one in use by the navigator). The position of a floating aid can differ due to tide, set and drift.
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Operator’s Manual Functional Description
Functional Description
Receiver Configurations
This GPS receiver is available in six basic configurations, identified by product description and part number. Refer to the Auxiliary Unit Information section of the manual to view sample screens to identify your particular model.
6 Channel GPS
The basic 6 channel GPS navigator is capable of receiving DGPS corrections in the RTCM SC-104 version 2 format via one of the four input data ports. However, it does not have an internal marine beacon DGPS receiver. This model is supplied with a GPS only Volute, Discus, or Globe style antenna. Should you decide at a later date to upgrade your receiver to a GPS with Built-in Beacon, the display unit must be returned to the factory to install the appropriate components and software. In addition, a separate whip, loop (optional), or combined (optional) antenna is supplied with the upgrade. This model can be upgraded to a 12 channel GPS model in the field, by purchasing a 6 channel baseband daughter board (P/N
10502).
6 Channel GPS With Built-in Beacon
This is a standard 6 channel DGPS navigator with an integrated internal beacon receiver. It is capable of receiving DGPS correc­tions in the RTCM SC-104 version 2 format via its internal marine beacon DGPS receiver, or via one of the four input data ports. This model is supplied with a GPS and Loop (H-Field) combined Discus style antenna. A separate (optional) whip or loop antenna may be used with this model; however, an additional internal cable must be installed in this configuration. This model can be upgraded to a 12 channel GPS model in the field, by purchasing a 6 channel baseband daughter board (P/N 10502).
12 Channel GPS
This is a 12 channel GPS upgraded version of the basic 6 channel GPS navigator. It is capable of receiving DGPS corrections in the RTCM SC-104 version 2 format via one of the four input data
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Functional Description Operator’s Manual
ports. However, it does not have an internal marine beacon DGPS receiver. This model is supplied with a GPS only Volute, Discus, or Globe style antenna. Should you decide at a later date to upgrade your 6 channel to a 12 channel receiver or your 12 channel receiver to a 12 channel with built-in beacon, the display unit must be returned to the factory to install the appropriate components and software. In addition, a separate whip, loop (optional), or combined (optional) antenna is supplied with this upgrade.
12 Channel GPS With Built-in Beacon
This is a 12 channel GPS upgraded version of the standard 6 channel with built-in beacon DGPS navigator. It is capable of receiving DGPS corrections in the RTCM SC-104 version 2 format via one of the four input data ports, or via its internal marine beacon DGPS receiver. This model is supplied with a GPS and Loop (H­Field) combined Discus style antenna. A separate (optional) whip or loop antenna may be used with this model, however, an additional internal cable must be installed in this configuration.
6 Channel Dual Control
This is an enhanced 6 channel DGPS navigator. Two GPS receivers are actually supplied, one 6 channel GPS (operating as a slave unit) and one 6 channel with built-in beacon (operating as a master unit) with one GPS and Loop (H-Field) combined Discus style antenna. It is capable of receiving DGPS corrections in the RTCM SC-104 version 2 format via one of the four input data ports, or via its internal marine beacon DGPS receiver. This configuration allows data to be shared between two remotely separated stations (i.e. navigator’s station and helmsman’s station), with independent access to various information fields. The 6 channel GPS unit gets its positioning information from the 6 channel GPS with built-in beacon unit, but can be connected to the antenna independently and calculate its own position as a back-up GPS receiver. This model can be upgraded to a 12 channel GPS model in the field, by purchasing a 6 channel baseband daughter board (P/N 10502).
12 Channel Dual Control
This is a 12 channel GPS upgrade to the enhanced 6 Channel Dual Control configuration. It is a dual head DGPS system where two GPS receivers are actually supplied, one 6 channel GPS (operating
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Operator’s Manual Functional Description
as a slave unit) and one 12 channel with built-in beacon (operating as a master unit) with one GPS and Loop (H-Field) combined Discus style antenna. It is capable of receiving DGPS corrections in the RTCM SC-104 version 2 format via one of the four input data ports, or via its internal marine beacon DGPS receiver. This configuration allows data to be shared between two remotely separated stations (i.e. navigator’s station and helmsman’s station), with independent access to various information fields. The 6 channel GPS gets its positioning information from the 12 channel with the built-in beacon, but can be connected to the antenna independently and calculate its own position as a back-up GPS receiver.
12 Channel Dual Control Integrity Monitor
This is an enhanced to the 12 Channel Dual Control configuration. It is a dual control DGPS system where two DGPS receivers are supplied, one 12 channel with built-in beacon (operating as a slave unit) and one 12 channel with built-in beacon (operating as a master unit) with two GPS and Loop (H-Field) combined Discus style antennas. It is capable of receiving DGPS corrections in the RTCM SC-104 version 2 format via one of the four input data ports, or via its internal marine beacon DGPS receiver. This configuration allows data to be shared between two remotely separated stations (i.e. navigator’s station and helmsman’s station), with independent access to various information fields. The purpose of this configura­tion is for each receiver to calculate its own position, then to check the operational status of the other GPS receiver. The GPS receiver with the best overall operational status then provides the system position. This provides a fully redundant system, with self-recovery capabilities. The Integrity Monitor function can be set to Automatic switchover, forced to the Master unit, or forced to the Slave unit for position and navigation functions.
The Installation & Service Manual has more details on the parts supplied with each configuration, and their associated part numbers. Beyond the physical differences between these models, the operat­ing software is exactly the same, except where the hardware differences mentioned above come into play. Expect to find these
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Functional Description Operator’s Manual
differences detailed in the GPS, DGPS, & CFG sections of the manual.
Note: In general, this manual will refer to all versions
of this product line simply as the receiver, navigator, or GPS. Where distinction between models is necessary, the particular model type will be called out.
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Operator’s Manual Functional Description
DGPS Beacon System
As Maritime Safety Administrations, Navy, and Coast Guard Organizations realize the limitations of standard GPS positioning, many have begun installing DGPS Beacon Stations. While an understanding of this system is not necessary for operating receiv­ers with internal beacon receivers, you may want to read on to have a better understanding of how your receiver is capable of achieving the high levels of accuracy made possible by this network of transmitters.
The DGPS Beacon System is comprised of three segments; the reference station, Integrity Monitor (IM) equipment located at the beacon site and the Navigator equipment located on board the user’s boat or vehicle. The DGPS beacon system design is illus­trated below.
5271-01C.500
Navigator Site
NAV
PL OT
PO S
E
TI DE
GP S
CF G
RTE
AU X
DGP S
C
WP T
MX 400 Professional DGPS Navigator
MX 50M
DGPS B eaco n Mo dula tor
MX 940 0R
DGPS R eference
Reference Station Site
MX 9400 N
DGPS Navig ator
MX 51R
Integrity Monitor Site
Surveyors / Commercial
Users
Professional / Commercial /
Personal Craft Users
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Keypad & Display Description Operator’s Manual
Because of the limited range of the beacon transmitters, typically 150 to 400km, the corrections generated by the reference station are always valid for users who can receive the correction signals and maintain a 5 meter or better accuracy figure. Just like the satellite segment which maintains in-orbit spare satellites, most beacon stations operate two live running GPS reference stations. One reference station normally broadcasts into the air for you to receive, the other GPS receiver normally broadcasts into a dummy load, through a secondary transmitter. That means there is always a back­up or standby beacon transmitter and reference station ready to transmit should the primary fail. Each reference station is normally assigned a unique ID number (i.e. Pt. Loma, San Diego operates IDs 262 and 263), so you can always tell if you are on the primary or back-up system. In addition to the standby back-up system, virtually all beacon stations are connected to an integrity monitor receiver and computer. The integrity monitor is normally placed at a remote location from the transmitter site to monitor the signal strength of the transmitter, as well as the accuracy of the corrections being transmitted. If the accuracy of the corrections falls outside a predetermined radius (usually 5 meters), the computer automati­cally generates a warning message. The warning message is then sent to the reference station, either by radio or landline, and the warning message is broadcast to the user community. Some agencies have opted to install the integrity monitor at the same location as the transmitter. Some agencies have also created central monitoring systems which monitor multiple beacon transmitter stations to ensure network integrity. Operators maintaining the beacon station equipment may also create their own unique mes­sages to broadcast planned outages or other important information. When a message is received, you will be notified with an alarm indication. You can then view the received message in the DGPS3 screen.
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Operator’s Manual Keypad & Display Description
Keypad & Display Description
NA V
PLO T
PO S
E
TI DE
GP S
CFG
RT E
AUX
DGPS
C
WPT
6289-01A.400
Traffic
Lights
Function KeysDisplay
Softkeys Cursor Key
Refer to the illustration above. The Traffic Lights on the left side of the display will tell you how your navigator is operating.
Note: You need to take care in reading the traffic light
indications, as there are overlapping possibili­ties between the GPS and DGPS modes. If you are unsure of the current operating mode, select the CFG function key and scroll down to the DGPS selection. If the DGPS mode is selected to anything other than Off, then follow the Differential GPS Traffic Light Operation. If the DGPS mode is selected to Off, then follow the GPS Traffic Light Operation.
Differential GPS Traffic Light Operation:
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Keypad & Display Description Operator’s Manual Red Flashing
not tracking satellites (no position update). This is normally for the first 2 minutes or so when turning the unit on. The very first time you turn the unit on, or if the memory is reset or lost, this condition is also normal. Allow the receiver to run for at least 30 minutes under these circumstances. If it still does not change to Red Solid, refer to the troubleshooting section of the Installation & Service Manual. An icon similar to the one at left will be displayed in the upper left corner of screen.
Red/Yellow Solid
Dead Reckoning . When normal GPS or DGPS operation is not available, this LED sequence is provided to quickly identify the DR navigation mode. A DR indicator is also displayed on all screens.
Red Solid
tracking one or more satellites (no position update). This is also normal for the first 2 minutes or so when turning the unit on. The very first time you turn the unit on, allow the receiver to run for at least 20 minutes after changing to Red Solid to collect an almanac from the satellites, regardless of whether a position update has been calculated or not. This is also a normal indication if the HDOP is greater than 10, if the receiver is tracking too few satellites, or other reasons as well. Read the GPS and DGPS function screens for more information.
Yellow/Green Solid
GPS position update; DGPS corrections are not being received. You may see this from time to time during normal operation. It usually occurs when the beacon signal is not available (either it is being blocked by terrain or a local object or you are out of range of the transmitter) and/or you are tracking 3, 4, or 5 satellites, and the satellites have poor geometry relative to your position. If you are patient, the condition will normally go back to Green Solid, when you pick up another beacon station. The factory default level for dropping DGPS corrections is 60 seconds. During this period, your positioning information is less than optimal, and position accuracy may be off by as much as 75 to 300 meters. Press the DGPS function key and refer to the DGPS section in this manual for guidance if this light condition occurs.
Yellow Solid
DGPS position update with poor HDOP value. You may see this
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from time to time during normal operation. It usually occurs when you are tracking 3, 4, or 5 satellites, and the satellites have poor geometry relative to your position. If you are patient, the condition will normally go back to Green Solid, when you pick up another satellite, or the geometry of the existing satellites improves. The factory default level for this indication is with an HDOP of 4 to 10. During this period, your positioning information is less than optimal, and position accuracy may be off by as much as 10 to 50 meters. You can press the GPS function key and refer to the GPS section in this manual for guidance if this light condition occurs.
Green Solid
DGPS position update with HDOP value less than 4. This is the normal operating condition. Position accuracy is normally better than 5 meters. Keep in mind that position accuracy is always only as good as the corrections received, their age, your distance from the reference station, and the geometry of the satellites. This is the normal operating condition and no icon will be displayed.
Note: If you or a crew member changes the
DGPS mode to Off in the CFG1 DGPS screen, you will also not have an icon and the LED will be green.
GPS Traffic Light Operation:
Red Flashing
not tracking satellites (no position update). This is normally for the first 2 minutes or so when turning the unit on. The very first time you turn the unit on, or if the memory is reset or lost, this condition is also normal. Allow the receiver to run for at least 30 minutes under these circumstances. If it still does not change to Red Solid, refer to the troubleshooting section of the Installation And Service Manual.An icon similar to the one at left will be displayed in the upper left corner of screen.
Red/Yellow Solid
Dead Reckoning . When normal GPS or DGPS operation is not
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Keypad & Display Description Operator’s Manual
available, this LED sequence is provided to quickly identify the DR navigation mode. A DR indicator is also displayed on all screens in the upper left hand corner of the display
Red Solid
tracking one or more satellites (no position update). This is also normal for the first 2 minutes or so when turning the unit on. The very first time you turn the unit on, allow the receiver to run for at least 20 minutes after changing to Red Solid to collect an almanac from the satellites, regardless of whether a position update has been calculated or not. This is also a normal indication if the HDOP is greater than 10. The HDOP value can be read in the GPS function screens.
Yellow Solid
GPS position update has a poor HDOP value. You may see this from time to time during normal operation. It usually occurs when you are tracking 3, 4, or 5 satellites, and the satellites have poor geometry relative to your position. If you are patient, the condition will normally go back to Green Solid, when you pick up another satellite, or the geometry of the existing satellites improves. The factory default level for this indication is with an HDOP of 4 to 10. During this period, your positioning information is less than optimal, and position accuracy may be off by as much as 75 to 300 meters. You can press the GPS function key and refer to the GPS section in this manual for guidance if this light condition occurs.
Green Solid
GPS position update with HDOP value less than 4. This is the normal operating condition. Position accuracy is normally between 40 to 75 meters, but can be out as much as 100 meters. Keep in mind that position accuracy is always only as good as the geometry of the satellites and the navigation information provided by the satellites.This is the normal operating condition and no icon will be displayed.
Note: If you or a crew member changes the
DGPS mode to Off in the CFG1 DGPS screen, will also have a LED which is green.
The Display:
!
!
!
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The receiver uses a Transflective LCD display screen. It provides optimum viewing in virtually all lighting conditions. To change the display contrast or backlight condition, select the CFG function key and scroll down to the Lighting menu choice. Refer to the CFG section of the manual for a complete description of menu options. The function key ( ) just above the Power On/Off key allows you to quickly change between day-time and night-time screen settings.
Information displayed on the screen is normally divided into windows, similar to what you might see on a normal computer. Each screen has a page number in the upper left hand corner
. These page numbers are there to help you quickly find the
information you need, and to help us guide you on the rare occasion that you might request our assistance.
With the exception of a portion of the PLOT and MOB screens which use two softkeys to change the view scale, all of the screens require that you press the E (Edit Mode) function key before you are allowed to change data on the screen. You can use the cursor key (the big key with the arrows pointing in four directions) to move between edit fields or menu choices on most screens when in the edit mode. When you are not in the edit mode, you can use the cursor to scroll between screens (i.e. NAV1, NAV2, NAV3, ...) or to move up and down on screens (like the menu bar in the CFG screen).
The Softkeys:
The five softkeys under the display are so named because their purpose changes from one menu or screen to the next. With the exception of a portion of the PLOT screens and the MOB screens, all of the screens require that you press the E (Edit Mode) function key before the softkeys can be accessed. Don’t forget to press the E function key when you are finished editing a screen.
The Function Keys:
The Function Keys are the keys to the right of the display. There are 18 function keys in all. Eleven of the function keys access various screen and editing displays. Three of these keys are used for editing or moving within the screens. One key is used to mark your present position, another is used strictly for Man Over Board alarms. One switches between two display lighting options, and finally there is
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the power on/off key. The ten function keys with alpha abbreviations on them are
described in the ensuing chapters. The eight function keys with symbols are described below.
The function keys are also used in the edit mode to enter alpha­numeric information into screen data fields.
Mark Position
This function key stores your present position, date and time at the next available waypoint location in the Waypoint Bank. A window pops up on the screen to confirm your key depression, and to tell you where the mark position is being stored. You can go into the WPT menu and edit the coordinates or description later. The receiver is also capable of performing this function from a remote contact closure input via pins 6 and 11 on the 31 pin connector. Refer to the Installation & Service Manual for interface instruc­tions.
GOTOO
This function key allows you to quickly create a route from your present position to one other waypoint. This single waypoint route can use an existing waypoint from the Waypoint Bank, or you can quickly create one by either defining the appropriate coordinates or specifying a range and bearing. This is a great asset when you are trying to render aid to someone in distress and you don’t have time to manipulate complicated menu structures.
Be careful when you use this selection, as it will erase your current active route when it creates the new one. Read through the ROUTE and PLOT sections of this manual to find other ways to use this key within an active route.
LIGHT
This function key allows you to quickly switch between two predetermined display lighting conditions. You can have two daytime settings, two night time settings, or a daytime/night time setting. Select the CFG function key and scroll down to the Lighting menu choice to make the desired adjustments. Refer to the
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Configuration section of the manual for a complete description of the Lighting menu options.
POWER ON/OFF
This function key turns the unit on and off. When depressed while the unit is on, you will be prompted to select a YES or NO softkey to confirm your action. This is known as a software power off.
If the operating program should hang up for any reason, you can also perform a hardware power off by continuing to depress the power on/off function key for about 5 seconds. When the GPS is turned off using this technique, you can not reapply power for 10 seconds.
Note: There may come a time when you need to reset the
memory back to the factory default values. Doing this will cause the receiver to lose all of your defined settings, as well as all 2000 of your waypoints and routes. If you hold down the fifth (right most) softkey when power is applied (either by the front panel or from the circuit breaker box) and hold it for about two seconds, until you hear a key click, then the memory will be reset.
MAN OVER BOARD (MOB)
This stand-alone function key is located at the bottom right hand corner of the front panel. When depressed for a few seconds, it activates a number of automatic functions:
Ø Most obviously, it brings up a MOB 1 (plot) screen. This
is an automatic scaling screen which selects the best zoom level to display your present position and the MOB position. In addition, the MOB position is displayed in the upper left corner, so that you can quickly read the coordinates to others who may be available to render assistance. This plot screen also provides the vital bearing and distance back to the MOB position, as well as your present course over ground.
Ø The MOB position, date and time are stored in the Waypoint
Bank for future reference (i.e. log book entries).
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Ø Navigation data output on the NMEA ports (i.e. BWC and
BWR), are changed to reflect the current crisis situation. This way, other interfaced equipment can also help guide you back to the MOB position. When the MOB condition is canceled via a MOB screen softkey, the NMEA sentences will automatically revert to the active route information. Don’t forget to cancel
the MOB so your interfaced equipment will read the correct data!
Ø The MOB function key and remote MOB input are disabled
from subsequent activation, until MOB Cancel is selected from the MOB screen softkeys.
Ø Other functions such as Position and Navigate can still be
accessed; however, the screen will revert to the MOB Plot screen after 30 seconds. Bearing and distance information in these other screens relate to the MOB position, not the next waypoint in the active route, until MOB is canceled.
To cancel a MOB condition, make sure you are in the MOB Plot screen. Press the E function key, then select the Cancel MOB softkey.
This GPS receiver is also capable of performing the MOB function from a remote contact closure input via pins 6 and 11 on the 31 pin connector, shared with the Mark input. If the contact closure is made for less than 2 seconds, the input is registered as a Mark Position. If the contact closure is made for more than 2 seconds, the input is registered as a MOB Position. Refer to the Installation & Service Manual for interface instructions.
E
E (EDIT)
This function key activates and deactivates the softkeys and edit fields within any screen where editing is appropriate. You will quickly learn that this is an important operating feature in the unit. Most people have no problem remembering to press the E key when they want to edit a screen; however, it seems to take some effort to remember to press the E key when you are finished editing. If after editing you press a function key and nothing seems to happen, check to make sure you didn’t accidentally alter your information and press the E key to end editing. By the way, most edit screens will provide you with an Escape softkey. If you decide
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for some reason that you don’t want to use the changes you have made, and you can’t quite remember what the original information was, pressing the Escape softkey will restore the original informa­tion. However, once you press the E key, all changes are accepted and the original data is lost.
C
C (CLEAR)
This function key is probably the least used of all the function keys; however, it can save you some otherwise frustrating editing time. This key allows you to erase or clear one character at a time. If you hold it down for longer than one quick key press, it will erase the entire line that the cursor is currently on.
CURSOR
This function key is the most used of all the function keys. As its name suggests, this key is used to move between edit fields. You will also find that this key allows you to move between function screen pages (by pressing left or right). In addition, many of the edit fields allow you to use either the cursor key or the Change softkey to scroll through or select from predetermined choices.
NAV
1
ABC
FUNCTION
You might have noticed that above and below each primary function key, there are numbers and letters. These numbers and letters are used when you are in the edit mode. You will find that they are most often used in the RTE, WPT, and CFG screens, but they are used in other screens as well. If you are trying to enter text, simply locate the desired letter and press the appropriate key repeatedly until the appropriate letter or number appears. If you accidentally go past the desired letter, repeat pressing the key and the letter will come up again. You can toggle between upper and lower case characters by pressing the key for a long period.
You will also find that some screens allow you to input symbols into the text fields. These symbols are selected through a softkey selection where symbols are allowed. Don’t forget to press the E
function key to get out of the edit mode!
Another nice feature on this GPS receiver, is that successive
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depressions on the function key (when not in the edit mode) allow you to page through all of the screens available for that particular function. You can accomplish the same thing by selecting a function and using the left and right arrows on the cursor key (which is sometimes faster). Whichever method you choose, it is impossible to get lost between function screens. In addition, the software remembers which screen you used last for each function. Each time you reenter a function (i.e. you go from PLOT to NAV), you will enter the last screen you viewed for that function. You can change this setting in the CFG 1 Operation.
Use the associated function key to access the international character desired (i.e. A for Æ). The international characters supported are:
ABC = Ä, Å, Æ, À, Ç DEF = É, È GHI = Í MNO = Ñ, Ó, Ö STU = Ú, Ü
Use the CFG key when in the edit mode to cycle through these other optional characters.
‘ “ $ & ! ( ) ? / + - ° . , :
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Navigate
There are four basic NAV screens. NAV4 only provides data if appropriate sensors (i.e. wind speed/direction logs, NMEA com­pass, etc.) are interfaced and activated on the receiver. The NAV functions are highly interactive with the RTE1 screen, and a number of CFG menu selections.
The RTE1 screen provides the active route for the NAV screens. It also maintains a waypoint pass log for you. One other important feature in the RTE1 screen that you need to be aware of, is that the up and down arrow softkeys control which waypoints are skipped (down arrow) and which are restored (up arrow) for your current route. The ETA information is configured in the RTE 1 screen. Refer to the Route section of the manual for a full description.
The following CFG menus directly impact the NAV functions:
Ø COG SOG - sets the filtering time for the displayed values Ø Datum - sets the reference datum for your present position and
waypoints in the active route.
Ø GPS Offset - sets an offset for calculating the GPS antenna
position if you can’t physically locate the antenna exactly where you want it (i.e. over the centerline of the boat)
Ø Navigation - sets a variety of important functions and alarms
ð Rhumb line or Great Circle navigation ð Range units: nautical miles, nautical miles and meters
(when under 1000 meters), nautical miles and feet (when under 1000 feet), statute miles, staute miles and meters (when under 1000 meters), statute miles and feet (when under 1000 feet), kilometers, or kilometers and meters (when under 1000 meters)
ð Cross-track Error limit and alarm control ð Waypoint pass criterion and distance: bisector line,
pependicular line, complex (combination of bisector line and perpendicular line), distance to waypoint, or manual
ð Waypoint Approach distance ð Autopilot alarm control
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Ø Position - sets 2D or 3D mode, antenna height, Lat/Lon, Loran
or Decca TDs, or UTM, and some alarm limits. There is an optional software package available (on most models, refer to the Options Manual) to setup a user grid as well. The option is explained in the Position, and CFG Position sections of this manual
Ø Time - sets appropriate offsets, and 12 or 24 hour clock mode Ø Various NMEA input controls for sensors (i.e. speed log, wind
instruments, etc)
You have probably already figured out that you will need to pay close attention to the configuration screens. The good news is that you should only have to set things up one time. Keep in mind though, that you may need to revisit these and other configuration screens from time to time to get the receiver to do exactly what you want it to.
With these details mentioned, let’s get into the real NAV screens now.
Dead Reckoning
This GPS receiver is capable of Dead Reckoning (DR) when appropriate compass/heading and speed log sensors are connected and activated. Refer to the NAV4 and CFG sections of this docu­ment.
When the receiver is in the DR mode a DR icon is displayed in the
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upper left portion of the screen.
NAV1 - The Panorama Screen
This screen is designed to give you a unique 3 dimensional look at the active route you are to follow. We typically refer to it as a runway view, because you can see navigation markers, your course line, the cross-track error lines, and waypoint flags as you pass them. Take a look at the example below.
If you don’t see the information described below on your screen, you will need to create a route in RTE1 first.
The somewhat triangular shape at the bottom center of the screen represents the bow of the boat. Icons on the screen are always related to this object. The two dash lines extending from the bottom of the screen towards the center of the screen represent your cross­track error limits. The dotted line extending from the bow of the boat icon, represents your course line. The course line changes direction at the flags, which represent your waypoints, and contin­ues through to the end of the active route you entered in RTE1. Notice that the cross-track error lines end at the first flag. As you pass the flag and start the next leg of your course, these lines will be redrawn to reflect the course change. Icons that you see left and right of your course are navigation markers that you define in the Waypoint Bank (WPT1) where a symbol is used as the first character of the waypoint description. The Panorama and Plot screens will automatically place these navigation markers on the screen as you approach them.
The degree values that you see are your Course Over Ground (COG), as calculated by the GPS receiver’s position fix to position fix, and Bearing (BRG) from your present position to the waypoint. The speed value is your Speed Over Ground (SOG) as calculated by the GPS, not by the paddle wheel which provides speed through
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water (LOG). The distance value displayed as the Range (RNG) is calculated from your present position to the waypoint. Time To Go (TTG) is the calculated time it will take you to reach the waypoint, based on your Waypoint Closure Velocity (see NAV4 description).
To keep the screen from jumping around when you are stopped, the screen freezes the graphic representation when your speed is under
0.5 Kn in DGPS mode or 2.0 Kn in GPS mode. Once you get underway, your course details will update appropriately.
You will see a RL or GC symbol in the upper right corner of the display indicating whether you are navigating under Rhumb Line or Great Circle. This is set in the CFG Navigate menu.
If you press the E key, the Panorama Display Option screen will allow you to customize the information presented.
View - allows you to adjust the display for a Close (zoomed in)
or a Far (zoomed out) representation of your route,
Show Waypoints - allows you to turn waypoints which are not
part of the active route on and off,
Show Active Route - allows you to turn the course line on or off
on the display (assuming a symbol is entered for the first character of the waypoint name),
Show Off Track Limit - allows you to turn the cross-track error
limit lines on or off on the display,
Show Data Window - allows you to select between the two
display types depicted at the beginning of this section; where the data is displayed in various parts of the graphic screen, or the data is displayed in a separate window to the left of the
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graphic screen.
If you drift outside of your cross-track error limit and you decide not to return to your original course line, you can reset your course line from your present position to the waypoint by selecting Reset XTE from the display.
The Skip Waypoint softkey allows you to skip the waypoint you are presently going to, and advance to the next waypoint. For example, if you were under way and nearing waypoint 5 and you decide you want to go on to waypoint 6 now, press Skip Waypoint. If you make a mistake and you want to go back (unskip) to waypoint 5, you can do this by:
1. Go into the RTE1 screen.
2. Press E in the RTE1 screen,
3. Select the Route Control softkey,
4. Press the up arrow softkey (fourth from the left) once.
5. Press the E key again. Refer to the Route section of this manual for more details about
skipping and unskipping waypoints.
NAV2 - Basic Steering Information
Navigate screen 2 provides the bearing (BRG) and range (RNG) to the waypoint you are approaching in large easily viewed characters. Below these, you will see your actual Course Over Ground (COG) and Speed Over Ground (SOG). The bottom portion of the screen provides cross-track error information. Again, if you don’t see the information described here on your screen, you will need to create a route in RTE1 first (refer to the Route section of the manual).
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In the bottom half of the window, the vertical line in the center represents your course line. The checkered area on the left and right side of this area represents the out of bounds or beyond the cross­track error limit area. Whenever the boat is left or right of the course line, the corresponding checkered area changes to solid black, indicating the side of the course line that you are on. The number next to the course line is your calculated cross-track error. The numbers in the lower left and right hand corners indicate the cross-track limit you set in the CFG1 menu under Navigation. You will notice that the cross-track error limit lines are slanted, just as they were in the Panorama screen. So if the boat is off to the right of the course, and the bow is pointing straight up, you are actually traveling away from the course line. Keep the bow pointed toward the top of the course line, and you should be able to maintain your course without a lot of drift. The BRG and COG values will confirm this for you, when executed properly.
From time to time, you might drift off course, and decide not to return to your original course line. If you drift outside of your cross­track error limit, you can reset your course line from your present position to the waypoint by pressing the E key and selecting Reset XTE from the display. This will save your autopilot from having to
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work hard to get you back on course. Press the E key again to get back into normal display mode.
In addition, if you decide you want to skip this waypoint, and go on to the next one, Press the E key, and the Skip Waypoint softkey one time. Press the E key to end this procedure. If you skip one waypoint manually, and the receiver starts skipping more waypoints by itself, you probably need to change your Waypoint Pass Criteria in the CFG1 Navigate menu.Refer to the Route section of this manual for more details about skipping waypoints.
Just as in NAV1, you will see a RL or GC symbol in the upper right corner of the display indicating whether you are navigating under Rhumb Line or Great Circle. This is set in the CFG1 Navigate menu.
NAV 3 - Expanded Navigation Information
Navigate screen 3 has four windows. The upper left window is a smaller version of NAV2. Please read the previous section for a detailed description of this window. The two windows below this one indicate the current date and time, and the ETA to the end of your route for the time zone currently entered. The date and time format is set in the CFG1 Time menu. The ETA and TTG (in the right hand window) are filtered over time, so allow the filtering to settle when you first make a course or speed change. The filter time is controlled in the RTE1 ETA Setup screen. The Time-To-Go (TTG) value on the bottom of the right hand window expands from HH:MM:SS to HHHH:MM:SS when the time to go is greater than 99:59:59. Also, these values are calculated by using your Waypoint Closure Velocity (WCV), not your SOG. WCV is described in short detail in the NAV4 section which follows.
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You will find the right hand window to be a nice tool. In addition to identifying the waypoint you are currently approaching, it identifies the waypoint at the end of the next leg as well. But the really unique feature of this screen is the graphical representation of your actual course line approach angle relative to the next leg of your course. This approach angle is continuously updated in real time and will help you setup for course changes.
Reset XTE and Skip Waypoint, described at the end of NAV2, is also available in NAV3.
NAV4 - Sensor Input Navigation
The NAV 4 screen applies the wind instruments, speed log, com­pass, and depth sounder inputs from external sensors to your active route, as appropriate. You can set the sensors up in the CFG1 screen. The Installation & Service Manual will guide you through the interfacing capabilities of the receiver.
Use the following CFG1 menus to set this screen up: Compass - Sets the input port number, compass type (true or
magnetic), compass deviation table, and the input NMEA 0183 record to derive the compass information from. The NMEA 0183 record should be specified by the user, because several NMEA 0183 records may contain compass information. This provides you the capability of knowing exactly what the compass source is. The receiver only accepts NMEA 0183 formatted data for the compass input. If you have a synchro or stepper gyro compass, we offer a Smart Junction Box (SJB) option to convert these signals to the NMEA 0183 format. Details of the SJB are given in the Configuration section of this manual, and in the Installation & Service Manual.
Depth - Sets the input port number, units of measure for depths and
Tide data, sensor offset, alarms, and the input NMEA 0183 record to derive the depth information from. The NMEA 0183 record should be specified by the user, because several NMEA 0183 records may contain depth information. This provides you the capability of knowing exactly what the depth source is.
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Log - Sets the input port number, sensor type (pulse or NMEA
0183), sensor offset, alarms, and a correction factor (if needed).
Set & Drift - Sets the mode to manual or automatic (derived from
GPS). Sets the time-out before applying calculated values. GPS calculated values are used prior to the time-out period.
SJB - Configures the Smart Junction Box (SJB), an optional analog
to digital gyro interface converter, for input of compass and speed log data to the receiver. Refer to the Installation & Service
Manual for full details of the SJB.
Wind - Sets the input port number, units of measure, sensor offset,
alarms, and the input NMEA 0183 record to derive the wind information from. The NMEA 0183 record should be specified by the user, because several NMEA 0183 records may contain wind information. This provides you the capability of knowing exactly what the wind source is.
This screen is divided into four windows. The window on the top left provides details relating to the True Wind Angle (TWA), True Wind Speed (TWS) and True Wind Direction (TWD), which are taken from the NMEA 0183 record of MWV or VWR. If the wind information is given in relative terms, the receiver calculates true values using available GPS course and speed information to make the necessary adjustments. Refer to the Glossary for definitions on Apparent/True Wind Angle/Speed/Direction. To the right of the wind information is your Velocity Made Good (VMG) towards the waypoint. The VMG data is filtered to show the average speed from the last waypoint to your present position towards the next waypoint. VMG is calculated from GPS data. The receiver will also use the above data to calculate your speed parallel to wind and can output the VPW NMEA 0183 data sentence to other on-board instruments.
The window below the wind data provides information relating to
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your course and speed. You will find the Course Over Ground (COG, which is calculated by GPS), Heading (HDG, which is your NMEA 0183 compass input), and Heading To Steer (HTS) data on the left side of the window. HTS data is calculated by considering your Heading , minus COG and adding BRG to the waypoint. In doing so, the software considers any Set to be included in the HDG value. If there is no Set, your HDG should be equal to COG. Set and Drift is calculated from GPS and your Speed Log (NMEA 0183 VHW record or Pulse input) and Compass (NMEA 0183 HDM, HDT, or VHW) input or an operator manual input.
On the right side of the lower left window you will find the Speed Over Ground (SOG, which is calculated by GPS), Speed Log (LOG, which is your NMEA 0183 or pulse speed input), and your Waypoint Closure Velocity (WCV). WCV reflects the real time velocity from your present position and course towards the next waypoint. The VMG and WCV are calculated from GPS data. Refer to the diagram below to see a graphical representation between VMG and WCV.
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Present Position
SOG 13 Kn
Beginning Waypoint
Next
Waypoint
Original Course Line
Actual
Course
Line
VMG
Towards
Waypoint
10
Kn
BRG
Effect of
Set & Drift
6297_01B.100
Present Position
SOG 13 Kn
WCV 9 Kn
Beginning Waypoint
Next
Waypoint
Original Course Line
BRG
&
RNG
Extended
Course
Line
WCV is based on
Extended Course
Line (COG), SOG,
BRG & RNG to WPT
Effect of Set & Drift
HTS to
counter
Set & Drift
Velocity Made Good:
Distance to
Waypoint Travelled
Waypoint Closure Velocity:
Below this information, you will find your Set and Drift data, which is calculated using GPS and your compass and speed sensor inputs.
Reset XTE and Skip Waypoint, described at the end of NAV2, is also available in NAV4.
The window on the right displays depth information which you provide with the NMEA 0183 record of DPT, DBS, DBT, or DBK. These are setup in the CFG1 Depth screen, refer to the Configura- tion section of the manual and the Installation & Service Manual for full details on depth data.
Below the depth data you will find the next route leg vector, the Range to the waypoint and and Time To Go data, explained in the NAV3 section.
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Route
There are two RTE screens. The NAV functions are highly interactive with the RTE1 screen. The RTE2 screen allows you to create a pool of predetermined routes that you might use often, so you need only create the route one time. Routes are created from waypoints. All waypoints are stored in the Waypoint Bank, regard­less of which function is used to create them. Waypoints are either created in the Waypoint Bank (WPT1), created by the GOTO function, selected from the PLOT screens in conjunction with the GOTO function, or from New Waypoints that can be defined in the Route Insert menu (and simultaneously stored in the route and the Waypoint Bank).
We recognize the diverse needs of professional users. We have designed the route features to be very flexible to meet a wide range of users’ requirements by allowing up to 2000 waypoints to be stored between all of the routes. You can create up to 100 routes, with any number of waypoints, providing the maximum number of 2000 waypoints between all routes is not exceeded.
The Route (RTE) function serves two purposes:
1. The RTE1 screen provides all of the current, or active waypoint navigation data to the Navigate and Plot screens and is referred to as the Active Route. Therefore, whenever you begin a new trip or voyage, you should erase the previous voyage’s waypoints in this screen, then insert the new waypoints or routes (from RTE2) for the new voyage. If you want to store the waypoints from the previous active route for future use, you can copy these waypoints in the order which they were entered to the Route
Bank in the RTE2 screen. This is described in the RTE2 - The Route Bank section of this manual. If you do not clear the RTE1
screen (refer to Erasing An Existing Route section of this manual), the RTE1 screen will grow each time you add new waypoints to the route. The route function can hold a maximum of 2000 waypoints between the routes stored in RTE1 and RTE2.
2. The RTE2 screen provides storage space for up to 100 user defined routes. You can predefine routes, or copy new routes from the RTE1 (active route) screen. Later you can choose individual routes or link two or more routes in the RTE1 screen
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(refer to Creating a Multi-Waypoint Active Route section of this manual). When you are finished using the copied route in RTE1, you can erase the route from the RTE1 screen and the original stored route will remain intact in the RTE2 screen.
The following CFG1 menus directly impact the RTE functions:
Ø Navigation - sets a variety of important functions and alarms
ð Rhumb line or Great Circle navigation ð Range units: nautical miles, nautical miles and meters
(when under 1000 meters), nautical miles and feet (when under 1000 feet), statute miles, statute miles and meters (when under 1000 meters), statute miles and feet (when under 1000 feet), kilometers, or kilometers and meters (when under 1000 meters)
ð Waypoint pass criterion and distance: bisector line,
pependicular line, complex (combination of bisector line and perpendicular line), distance to waypoint, or manual.
ð Waypoint Approach distance ð Autopilot alarm control
Ø Position - sets 2D or 3D mode, antenna height, Lat/Lon, Loran
or Decca TDs, UTM, or User Grid (optional) and some alarm limits
Ø Time - sets time offsets, and 12 or 24 hour clock mode (for
ETA calculation, and waypoint passed time stamp)
RTE1 - The Active Route
The RTE1 screen provides the active route data for the NAV and PLOT screens. It also maintains a waypoint pass log for you. One
other important feature in the RTE1 screen that you need to be aware of, is that the up (é) and down (ê) arrow softkeys, displayed when you are in the edit mode under the Route Control softkey, control which waypoints are skipped (down arrow - ê) and which are restored (up arrow - é) for your current route.
Note: The receiver will recalculate the route when a
navigation mode, either Rhumb Line or Great Circle is selected.
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You can enter waypoints using different datums into the route
The RTE1 screen is where you are likely to do most of your trip preparation. There are several methods you can use to create routes, you are sure to find one or more methods which meet your needs in the sections which follow.
Creating A Route Using The GOTO Key:
Using the GOTO function key is the fastest way to create a single leg route. Using this method will cause the existing active route to be erased and overwritten with the new position you define.
1. From any screen, press the GOTO key.
2. Press the E key.
3. Select the waypoint determination method you want:
Waypoint Number - allows you to choose a waypoint stored
in the Waypoint Bank. This feature is nice to use if you already know the waypoint number that you want to go to and you don’t want to waste time scrolling through the available waypoints. Enter the number of the waypoint, verify that the coordinates are correct, and press the E key to copy the waypoint to the active route.
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Choose In Bank - allows you to scroll through the Waypoint
Bank. Align the cursor with the desired waypoint and press the E key. The waypoint is automatically inserted in to the active route and the unit will revert to the NAV screens, displaying bearing and distance to this waypoint.
Lat. Lon., Grid Point, Loran C TD’s, Decca LOP’s - allows
you to define a coordinate and description, which is also stored at the next available waypoint location in the Waypoint Bank. Once the coordinates are defined, press the E key to copy the waypoint to the active route.
Bearing Range - allows you to define a coordinate by
specifying the bearing and range from your present posi­tion, which is also stored at the next available waypoint location in the Waypoint Bank. After entering the desired bearing and range, press the E key. The newly defined waypoint is copied to the active route automatically.
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If you make a mistake, you can use the cursor key to position the cursor over the mistake and over write the error.
Use the 9 key to insert a space in the description, if needed.
Use the 0 key to select a special character, if needed.
International characters are available by selecting the associated function key. Refer to the Keypad & Display Description section at the front of the manual.
If you decide you don’t want to continue with this function, press the Escape softkey, then press the E key. Make another function key selection (i.e. NAV) and your original route will have been left intact.
3. Press the RTE function key. You will see two waypoints defined in the center of the screen.
Waypoint 0, the first waypoint, is your Point of Departure, or the position you were at when you created the route. Waypoint 0 is a unique waypoint, in that the receiver internally constantly changes the position of Waypoint 0 to your present position. However, the receiver saves and displays the original coordinates entered when you created the route.
Waypoint 0 is displayed in Inverse Video, that is, white characters on a black background (when in the normal Daylight display mode; see CFG1 Lighting). This indicates that you have already passed this coordinate. The time stamp at the lower portion of the descrip­tion window, indicates when the route was created. If you want to adjust your point of departure position, you can edit Waypoint 0 in the WPT function.
To the right of the coordinate window of Waypoint 0, is a bent arrow. The bend in the arrow is adjacent to the range and bearing between the waypoint you just passed and the waypoint you are
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approaching. Keep in mind that these are the fixed calculated values between these two coordinates and not the real time changing values that you will see in the navigate screens between your present position and your next waypoint during normal navigation.
Below Waypoint 0 is the waypoint you defined in the GOTO function. Notice that this information is in standard video, black characters on a white background, and that an ETA time is dis­played in the same position as the waypoint passed time in Way­point 0. This indicates that the waypoint has not been passed yet. Remember that the ETA time is filtered over time, so allow a few minutes for the filter to settle when you first get underway or make course and speed changes.
Erasing An Existing Route
To completely erase the active route:
1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed.
2. Press the E key.
3. Press the Remove softkey.
4. Press the Erase Route softkey.
5. Press the Yes (confirmation) softkey.
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The active route is now empty and ready for new input. If you want to work in other areas of the receiver first, you will need to press the E key to exit the edit mode.
Creating A Multi-Waypoint Active Route
There are four methods to create a multi-waypoint route: Ø Insert By Number - allows you to type in or scroll through
waypoints, in numerical order using the cursor key, which you previously stored in the Waypoint Bank (see WPT later in this manual);
Ø Choose In Bank - allows you to sort and scroll through the
waypoints stored in the Waypoint Bank (WPT) by various techniques (symbol, date, distance from present position, numerical order, alphabetical order, or search by user defined string). This is a great tool if you can’t remember where you stored the waypoints you want to use;
Ø Insert New Waypoint - allows you to define new waypoint
coordinates, define a waypoint by using Bearing and Distance from an existing waypoint, and enter them into the route and the Waypoint Bank at the same time;
Ø Insert Route - allows you to copy a previously defined route in
the RTE2 screen to the active route. This choice is only displayed when one or more routes are defined in the RTE2 screen.
Our experience has shown that you are likely to choose several of these methods at any given time to create a route. You can mix any of these routines to create routes, amend routes, or insert waypoints in the middle of existing routes. The software is designed to be as flexible as possible to meet your changing needs.
Be sure to take a few minutes to read through the Plotter section to find out how you can modify the active route using the Plotter and GOTO functions.
The following four sections are examples of how to use each of the four basic functions outlined above. We encourage you to experi­ment using all of the methods available to find the one (or two, or three) that best meets your needs. As long as you are working in the RTE1 screen and sitting at the dock, you are not going to do any
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damage (i.e. erase waypoints in the Waypoint Bank, or routes in the Route Bank), so have some fun and find out how helpful this GPS receiver really is.
You might want to skip the examples which follow and jump ahead to the Maneuvering Within The Route section later in this section to understand some of the more advanced features of the software, if you are already comfortable with setting up a basic route.
Insert By Number
The following example assumes RTE1 is empty. Follow the directions in the Erasing An Existing Route section to start with an empty route if you have waypoints in the RTE1 screen.
1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed.
2. Press the E key to enter the edit mode.
3. Select Insert from the display. Skip to the next step if RTE1 is empty.
4. Select Insert By Number from the display.
5. Use the keypad to type in the number you want or the beginning number of a range you would like to select from, or use the cursor key to scroll through the previously stored waypoints in numerical order.
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6. When you have found the waypoint you want, press the Insert This WPT softkey.
7. You can then choose to select another waypoint using the same method, select Escape to go back one level and use another method to enter waypoints, or select Done to go back to the main menu.
8. Don’t forget to press the E key to end your editing.
Choose In Bank
The following example assumes RTE1 is empty. Follow the directions in the Erasing An Existing Route section to start with an empty route if you have waypoints in the RTE1 screen.
1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed.
2. Press the E key to enter the edit mode.
3. Select Insert from the display. Skip to the next step if RTE1 is empty.
4. Select Choose In Bank from the display.
5. Select a waypoint by either:
A. Press the Sort By softkey to arrange the waypoints by
number, name, type, distance, or age (refer to the Waypoint section for a full description), then use the cursor key to scroll through the previously stored waypoints in the Waypoint Bank.
B. Press the Search For WPT softkey. When using this selection
you actually spell out the name and or symbols of the waypoints you are looking for and the software will display any waypoint containing that combination of characters or symbols. Refer to the Waypoint section for a full description.
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6. When you have found the waypoint you want, press the Insert This WPT softkey.
7. When you are finished, press the Done softkey to get back to the main menu.
8. You can then choose to select another waypoint using the same method, select Escape to go back one level and use another method to enter waypoints, or select Done do go back to the main menu.
9. Don’t forget to press the E key to end your editing.
Insert New Waypoint
The following example assumes RTE1 is empty. Follow the directions in the Erasing An Existing Route section to start with an empty route if you have waypoints in the RTE1 screen.
1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed.
2. Press the E key to enter the edit mode.
3. Select Insert from the display. Skip to the next step if RTE1 is empty.
4. Select Insert New Waypoint from the display.
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5. Choose either Bearing Distance or Lat/Lon (Grid Point, or TD if you are using other coordinate systems). Use the keypad to type in the range and bearing from the previous waypoint (or present position in the case of the first waypoint) or the coordinates you want and their appropriate description.
6. When the information is correct, press the Done softkey.
7. You can then choose to enter another waypoint using the same method, select Escape to go back one level and use another method to enter waypoints, or select Done to go back to the main menu.
8. Don’t forget to press the E key to end your editing.
Insert Route
The following example assumes RTE1 is empty. Follow the directions in the Erasing An Existing Route section to start with an empty route if you have waypoints in the RTE1 screen.
To perform this function, you must also have defined a route in the RTE2 screen. The RTE2 description follows later in the Route section.
1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed.
2. Press the E key to enter the edit mode.
3. Select Insert from the display. Skip to the next step if RTE1 is empty.
4. Select Insert Route from the display.
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5. Use the cursor key to scroll through the available defined routes, which are created in the RTE 2 screen, in numerical order.
6. When you have found the route you want, press the Insert Fwd or the Insert Reverse softkey. Insert Fwd enters the route from the top of the defined list into the active route. Insert Reverse enters the route from the bottom of the defined list into the active route, so that you can travel down the route in the reverse direction.
7. You can then choose to select another route using the same method, or select another method to enter waypoints.
8. Don’t forget to press the E key to end your editing.
Maneuvering Within The Route
Scrolling
You can use the cursor key to scroll up and down the active route. You will probably want to do this when you update your log book to indicate when you passed a given waypoint, or when you want to know the ETA to a waypoint other than the one you are currently traveling towards. It is also a good idea to set the cursor at the correct waypoint before entering the edit mode to insert and delete waypoints from the route.
Skipping and Unpassing Waypoints
You are likely to run into an occasional circumstance where you accidentally skipped a waypoint (due to your waypoint pass criteria selection in the CFG1 Navigation screen, or a manual skip in the NAV screens), and you want to switch back to a previous waypoint in the active route. You may also decide at some point that you want to skip the current or subsequent waypoints in the route. The software has a very simple design to accomplish both of these tasks.
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The easiest way to accomplish either of these tasks, is to scroll through the route with the cursor key until the cursor arrow is at the bottom of the last waypoint you want designated as passed (that is, white characters on a black background), whether this waypoint was passed several waypoints ago, or is yet to be passed.
Then press the E key.
Use the up (é) softkey to unpass or the down (ê) softkey to pass waypoints in the route until the waypoint marked by the cursor is displayed with white characters on a black background (Daylight display, see CFG1 Lighting).
Press the E key to end editing.
If for some reason you can’t select the waypoint you want (the screen keeps passing waypoints you unpassed), you are probably too close to one of the waypoints. You will need to either change your Waypoint Pass Criteria, change your Waypoint Pass Distance (see CFG1 Navigation), or remove the waypoint from the route.
Inserting Waypoints or Routes Into An Existing Route
1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed.
2. Scroll through the route with the cursor key until the cursor arrow is at the bottom of the waypoint you want to insert the new waypoint after.
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3. Then press the E key.
4. Use one or more of the insert methods described in the Creating A Multi-Waypoint Active Route section above.
This example shows Waypoint 7 inserted into the route, using the Insert By Number method:
5. Press the E key to end editing.
There is one special way to add a waypoint to the active route using the Plotter display. This method adds the waypoint between your present position and the next waypoint in your active route.
1. Select either PLOT1 or PLOT2 display.
2. Use the zoom-in or zoom-out softkeys to display the waypoint you want to insert. Press the E key. All waypoints in the waypoint bank will be displayed if they are within the zoom level of the display.
Note that the waypoint must have a symbol as the first character of the waypoint name in order for it to be displayed on the Plot screen when the edit mode is not active.
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3. Use the cursor key to move the magnifying glass icon over the waypoint or marker that you want to go to.
Verify that the waypoint number and coordinates are correct in the left hand window.
4. Press the GOTO function key.
5. Press the E key to exit the edit mode.
Note that RTE1 and PLOT1 are updated with your new waypoint.
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Reversing The Active Route
Once you get to your final destination, you might want to follow the same route home. To quickly accomplish this, simply use the Reverse Direct. softkey from the main RTE1 menu.
1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed.
2. Press the E key.
3. Press the Route Control softkey.
4. Press the Reverse Direct. softkey.
5. Press the E key. It’s that simple!
Notice that you still keep the same orientation on the screen, in other words, you always read from the top of the screen to the bottom of the screen. The waypoints are rewritten in reverse order for you.
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ETA Setup
If you choose to use this function, it is probably better to operate the unit in UTC time mode if you are going to cross one or more time zones. Note that the time entered uses the offset to UTC applied in the CFG1 Time display.
The software calculates Estimated Time of Arrival based on how you configure the unit. ETA settings are controlled from the RTE1 screen. To change the ETA settings:
1. Select the RTE key until the RTE1 screen is displayed.
2. Press the E key.
3. Select the ETA/SOG Calc. softkey.
4. Use the Change softkey to select which value you want the receiver to calculate, either ETA based on speed, or speed (SOG) based on desired time and date of arrival.
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SOG Based on Arrival Date & Time:
5. Enter the arrival time and date. Be sure to enter the date as day, month, year, as indicated on the screen.
6. Press the Done softkey.
In this mode, the actual SOG is compared to the required SOG to meet the specified arrival date and time. The result is given in a percentage (%) value next to the displayed SOG in the NAV screens. If the percentage is below 100, you will arrive late. If the percentage is above 100, you will arrive early.
ETA Based on Speed:
5. Select a Speed Basis of either GPS SOG, which uses a long filter time (in seconds) that you define; or Constant, which uses a speed you intend to maintain (you define the speed).
6. Press the Done softkey.
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RTE2 - The Route Bank
The Route Bank is a convenient place for you to preprogram segments of a long voyage, or to program routes that you follow over and over again. Creating routes for the Route Bank uses the same methods as the Active Route with a few exceptions: you can’t use the GOTO key, and you can’t use the Plotter screen. You can use other routes as a subset to create a new route. Remember, you can always tie routes together in the Active Route by inserting one after another. You will find a Route Name softkey when you first enter the edit mode. The Route Name selection allows you to identify each route by name, number and symbol when you are viewing the Route Bank from the main menu. To create a route:
1. Select the RTE key until the RTE2 screen is displayed.
2. Move the cursor to the route number you want to create or edit.
3. Press the E key.
4. Use the entry methods described in the Creating A Multi- Waypoint Active Route section, following the exceptions noted above.
If you have a route in RTE1 that is not stored in RTE2, you can copy it into the Route Bank by selecting Insert then Insert Route, either in the forward or reverse direction.
5. When you are finished selecting waypoints, press the Route Name softkey.
You can enter any name, number or symbol you want this route to be identified by.
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6. Press the Done softkey when you are finished editing the name.
Note: It is a good idea at this point to select Lock Route so
that way you won’t accidentally erase the route sometime in the future.
7. Finally press the E key to exit the edit mode.
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Waypoint
The Waypoint Bank (WPT) is a single list of up to 2000 waypoints that you store for use in the routes you create. It also stores special coordinates and time for you, through the use of the Mark or Event function key or external input, or the MOB function key or external input. You can also enter waypoints from other NMEA 0183 devices (see CFG1 WPT & RTE In), such as plotters. You can also output waypoints and routes from the receiver to other NMEA 0183 devices (see CFG1 NMEA Out Rnn, RTE, and WPL).
You can input very accurate coordinates, down to 18cm in Lat/Lon,
0.1m in UTM or 0.1µs in TDs. You can select from more than 110
Datums to store your waypoints in. The CFG1 Position screen controls which coordinate reference system is used by the receiver.
While entering waypoints in the list is pretty straight forward, the software does provide some nice features that should be mentioned before any examples are given.
There are six methods to view or sort waypoints by: Ø Sort By Number - displays the waypoints in waypoint numeri-
cal order, starting with waypoint 0,
Note: You can manually alter Waypoint 0 to a different
Point Of Departure if you don’t want to start your route from your present position.
Ø Sort By Name - displays the waypoints by name in alphabetical
order,
Ø Sort By Type - displays the waypoints by symbols, numbers,
then names,
Ø Sort By Distance - displays the waypoints which are closest to
your present location first,
Ø Sort By Age - displays the waypoints entered most recently,
first.
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Search For WPT - allows you to type a symbol, or name and
the screen displays all waypoints having the exact match of the name you type. If you are unsure of the complete name, type a few of the characters you know are in the name, and the software will display all waypoints having the corresponding characters.
For example, if you are looking for the LA HARBOR EN­TRANCE and you enter HAR, the screen will display all waypoints with these three characters in this exact order.
Creating And Editing Waypoints
When editing a waypoint, you are always prompted to select the appropriate datum. You might occasionally see a prompt warning you that the waypoint is used either in a stored route or the active route. You ultimately have the final decision whether to continue
editing the waypoint, or exiting this waypoint by pressing the E key again to exit the edit mode.
Creating and editing waypoints is real easy.
1. Select the WPT key until the WPT1 screen is displayed.
2. Press the E key.
3. Press the Make New WPT softkey or
align the cursor with the waypoint you want to modify and press the Edit This WPT softkey.
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3 Make New WPT
4a Use WGS-84 Datum Select Lat/Lon (W84)
4b Use Datum Other Than WGS-84 Select Lat/Lon Datum
4c Create a new WPT Based on a Range & Bearing from an existing WPT
Select Range Bearing Select desired datum from displayed list. Press Select.
Enter desired range and bearing. Press the cursor down arrow.
5 Enter Coordinates Press the cursor down arrow.
6 Modify WPT Number (Optional) Press the cursor down arrow.
7 Modify WPT Text & Symbol (Optional) Press the Done softkey.
4a.Make New WPT - Select Lat/Lon (W84), Lat/Lon Datum, or
Range Bearing.
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Lat/Lon (W84) - allows you to enter coordinates in the WGS 84
datum. This choice takes you directly into the coordinate input screen. Go to step 5.
Lat/Lon Datum - allows you to choose a datum (see the list in
the screen sample above) from the more than 110 available Datums. Highlight the desired datum and press the Select softkey. Refer to Appendix A - Datum List, for a complete list of datums and their WGS-84 offset. Go to step 5.
Range Bearing - allows you to define new waypoint coordinates
from an existing waypoint in the Waypoint Bank. When you use this feature make sure you aligned the cursor next to the
from waypoint number before you pressed the Make New WPT softkey.
Once you have entered the range and bearing, the receiver calculates the coordinates. You can then enter a text discription or modify the waypoint number as described in step 6 below. Go to step 6.
4b.Edit This WPT - Select Accept to use the WGS 84 datum or
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press Change to choose from the more than 110 available Datums. Highlight the desired datum and press the Select softkey. Refer to Appendix A - Datum List, for a complete list of datums and their WGS-84 offset.
5. Enter the appropriate coordinates using the cursor key and numeric keypad.
6. Move the cursor down, and modify the waypoint number, if you wish. Otherwise the receiver assigns the next available number, beginning at 1.
Range & Bearing Lat/Lon
This feature allows you to create a range of waypoints within a particular area. For example, you could put all of the waypoints for fishing spots near Catalina Island in the range of 500 to 530, all the waypoints for Cabo San Lucas in the range of 575 to 600, etc.
7. Move the cursor down, and enter the symbol and name informa­tion (optional). Use the techniques described in the Keypad & Display Description section at the front of this manual.
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For your reference, the following symbols are available:
The following international characters are supported by cycling through the standard letter function key:
ABC = Ä, Å, Æ, À, Ç
DEF = É, È
GHI = Í
MNO = Ñ, Ó, Ö
STU = Ú, Ü
Press the CFG key when in the edit mode to cycle through these additional characters:
‘ “ $ & ! ( ) ? / + - ° . , :
About one second after you stop scrolling through the alpha characters, the cursor will automatically advance to the next space.
7. Press the Done softkey.
8. When you are finished, press the Lock This WPT softkey to avoid accidentally erasing the waypoint in the future.
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Note: Locked waypoints can not be over written by
waypoints downloaded from the NMEA port or saved by the Mark or MOB functions.
9. Then press the E function key to end editing.
You can press the E key when you finish editing a waypoint, this is treated the same as pressing the Done softkey. Pressing Done allows you to continue editing and entering other waypoints.
Waypoint Lock/Unlock
Locking a waypoint forces the user to consciously unlock the waypoint before it can be modified, and prevents the waypoint from being overwritten when waypoints are being input over the data port. Note that when a waypoint received on the data port has the same waypoint number as a locked waypoint already stored in the receiver, the waypoint data received on the data port is disregarded and lost. Waypoints are locked by one of three methods: 1) by selecting Lock this WPT when in the waypoint bank edit mode for a particular waypoint; 2) by selecting Lock this WPT when in the waypoint bank edit mode; or 3) by incorporating a waypoint into a route stored in RTE2 and then locking the route.
Waypoints that are locked from the waypoint bank are indicated by a closed padlock in the display. Waypoints that are party to a locked route will display a message indicating that waypoint can not be modified.
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To lock a waypoint
1. Select the WPT key until the WPT1 screen is displayed.
2. Move the cursor to the desired waypoint.
3. Press the E key.
4. Press the Lock this WPT softkey.
5. Press the E key.
To unlock a waypoint
1. Select the WPT key until the WPT1 screen is displayed.
2. Move the cursor to the desired waypoint.
3. Press the E key.
4. Press the Unlock this WPT softkey.
5. Press the E key.
If you simply want to modify the waypoint, Edit this WPT will be displayed on the bottom left of the screen.
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To lock all waypoints
1. Select the WPT key until the WPT1 screen is displayed.
2. Move the cursor to the desired waypoint.
3. Press the E key.
4. Press the More softkey.
5. Press the More softkey again.
6. Press the Lock all WPT softkey.
7. Press the E key.
To unlock all waypoints
1. Select the WPT key until the WPT1 screen is displayed.
2. Move the cursor to the desired waypoint.
3. Press the E key.
4. Press the More softkey.
5. Press the More softkey again.
6. Press the Unlock all WPT softkey.
7. Press the E key.
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Removing Waypoints
Unlocked waypoints can be over written by waypoints received on the NMEA port containing the same waypoint number, by the Mark function or the MOB function. The Mark and MOB functions start storing waypoints beginning at waypoint 1999 and work their way backwards. When the Waypoint Bank is full, this process starts again at 1999 and begins over writing each unlocked waypoint in sequence, beginning at 1999. Waypoints that are contained within a stored route can not be removed until they are removed from the stored route in the RTE2 screen. If you try to remove a waypoint stored in a route, a warning will be displayed indicating the first route a waypoint is stored in.
If the waypoint you want remove is locked, refer to the Waypoint Lock/Unlock section for a step by step procedure, return to this section.
To remove a wayoint:
1. Select the WPT key until the WPT1 screen is displayed.
2. Move the cursor to the desired waypoint.
3. Press the E key.
4. Press the Remove softkey.
There are three methods to remove waypoint: Remove This WPT, Remove Unused, and Remove Range:
5a. If you select Remove This WPT, the waypoint will immediately
be removed from the Waypoint bank.
5b.If you select Remove Unused, the receiver will delete all
waypoints that are not locked or stored in a route. You will be prompted to comfirm the deletion:
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5c If you select Remove Range, the receiver will delete all
unlocked waypoints that are not stored in a route between a range of waypoint numbers that you enter. You will be prompted to comfirm the deletion:
6. Press the E key.
Moving waypoints
This feature allows you to create a range of waypoints within a particular area. For example, you could put all of the waypoints for fishing spots near Catalina Island in the range of 500 to 530, all the waypoints for Cabo San Lucas in the range of 575 to 600, etc.
To move a wayoint or range of waypoints:
1. Select the WPT key until the WPT1 screen is displayed.
2. Press the E key.
3. Press the More softkey.
4. Press the Move softkey.
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5a. To move a single waypoint, enter the original waypoint number
on the First WPT Number and Last WPT Number.
5b.To move a range of waypoints, enter the first and last waypoint
numbers to move on the First WPT Number and Last WPT Number. Keep in mind that the receiver will sort these waypoints numerically and all waypoints between the entered numbers will be moved to the new location.
6. Enter the waypoint number where you want the first waypoint moved to in Destination WPT Number.
If the destination waypoint number is already being used, you will be prompted to either overwrite the first waypoint (Yes; and each subsequent waypoint that is to be overwritten, confirming each waypoint one at a time), overwrite all the waypoints (Yes To All), not overwrite any waypoints (No), or Escape back to base softkey menu.
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Downloading Waypoints & Routes To Other Devices
Refer to the Installation & Service Manual for hardware interfacing guidelines.
The receiver can download all of your stored waypoints and routes, and your active route to other NMEA 0183 devices which accept the RTE, Rnn, and WPL data sentences. These sentences are controlled in the CFG1 NMEA Out screens for the identifier given below. The receiver outputs these sentences in the following format:
Rnn - Routes:
Waypoint identifiers, listed in order with starting waypoint first, for route number “nn”. The active route in the receiver is always route zero, but in the Rnn sentence the route number can be transmitted as either route 00 or 01.
Rnn is NMEA version 1.5. Use of GPRTE is recommended to comply with NMEA version 2.1.
field#: 1 2 3 4 1 1 1 ³ ³ ³ ³ 4 5 6
$GPRnn,cccc,cccc,cccc,.....,cccc,cccc*hh<CR><LF>
explanation / actual use:
1: nn = active route number, 00 or 01
can be set to 00 or 01 (default 00).
2 - 15: 14 field sequence of route waypoint IDs.
16: Checksum
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can be set on or off (default on).
RTE - Active Route:
Waypoint identifiers, listed in order with starting waypoint first, for the identified route. Two modes of transmission are provided: ‘c’ indicates that the complete list of waypoints in the route are being transmitted; ‘w’ indicates a working route (active) where the first listed waypoint is always the last waypoint that has been reached (FROM), while the second listed waypoint is always the waypoint that you are currently heading toward (TO). The remaining list of waypoints represents the remainder of the route.
RTE can be sent as version 2.1 and 2.0.
field#: 2 3 4 5 6 1 1 1 ³ ³ ³ ³ ³ 5 6 7
$GPRTE,x,x,a,cccc,cccc,.....,cccc,cccc*hh<CR><LF>
explanation / actual use: 2: Total number of messages being transmitted (a single route
may require the transmission of multiple messages). A maximum of 11 waypoints are transmitted in each mes-
sages. 3: Message number. 4: Message mode: c = complete route, all waypoints, w =
working , 1st listed waypoint is ‘FROM’, 2nd is ‘TO’ and
remaining are the rest. c/w
can be set to c or w (default w). 5: Route identifier, always 00 (Active Route only). 6 - 16: Waypoint identifiers, (less than 11 waypoints may be in
the message).
The number of remaining waypoints can be set to 1, 2 or
‘all’ (default all) shortening the drawn track on the plotter.
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17: Checksum
can be set on or off (default on).
WPL - Waypoint Location - NMEA 0183 Standard:
Latitude and Longitude of specified waypoint. The content of this sentence will normally be the position of the next waypoint in the route.
The
CFG1 NMEA out WPL has a special “Send All” option.
Selecting this feature will send all the waypoints in the Waypoint Bank once, independent of the WPL sentence setup as ON or OFF. This format conforms to the NMEA 0183 standard.
WPL can be sent as version 1.5, 2.0 or 2.1.
field#: 2 3 4 5 6 7 ³ ³ ³ ³ ³ ³ $GPWPL,llll.ll,a,yyyyy.yy,a,cccc*hh <CR><LF>
explanation / actual use: 2 & 3: Waypoint Latitude, North or South, N/S
number of decimals can be set to 2,3,4 or 5 (default 2).
4 & 5: Waypoint longitude, East or West, E/W
number of decimals can be set to 2,3,4 or 5 (default 2).
6. Waypoint identifier. 7: Checksum
can be set on or off (default on).
The WPL record can also contain the description information when Include Waypoint Names in the CFG1 NMEA, Details is selected.
WPL - Waypoint With Symbols & Description - NMEA 0183 Expanded:
Latitude and Longitude of specified waypoint. The content of this sentence will normally be the position of the next waypoint in the route.
The CFG1 NMEA out WPL has a special “Send All” option. Selecting this feature will send all the waypoints in the Waypoint Bank once independent of the WPL sentence setup as ON or OFF. This format does not strictly conform to the NMEA 0183 standard,
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and may not work with all equipment. It is provided for your use to store data on a PC using normal ASCII text editors.
WPL can be sent as version 1.5, 2.0 or 2.1.
field#: 2 3 4 5 6 7
³ ³ ³ ³ ³ ³ $GPWPL,llll.ll,a,yyyyy.yy,a,cccc
xxxxxxxxxxzzzzzzzzzz*hh <CR><LF>
explanation / actual use: 2 & 3: Waypoint Latitude, North or South, N/S
number of decimals can be set to 2,3,4 or 5 (default 2). 4 & 5: Waypoint longitude, East or West, E/W
number of decimals can be set to 2,3,4 or 5 (default 2).
6. Waypoint identifier; 4 place numeric waypoint number,
followed by 1 space, followed by 10 characters for the top
line of the description, followed by 10 characters for the
bottom line of the description. When this field is output,
you may see spaces between the xxx and zzz. These are
“fill characters” and are necessary to fulfill the 10 charac-
ter count to maintain character placement when read back
into the receiver. 7: Checksum
can be set on or off (default on).
Downloading Waypoints To A Personal Computer
You can use any terminal or communications program to download or upload waypoints and routes to or from the receiver and a PC.
Set the PC to:
4800 baud 8 bits 1 stop bit no parity no flow control
When sending data to the receiver, it must be sent in block form, followed by (with an appended) CR (carriage return) and LF (line feed). Normal communications programs, like the Windows 3.1 or
3.11 Terminal program are sufficient to get the job done. Unfortu­nately, Hyperterminal in Windows 95 doesn’t provide as simple a
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terminal emulation program as Windows 3.11, and we have found it is not a reliable interface. We suggest that a third party program be used with Windows 95.
Using Windows Terminal, do the following (from the Program Manager):
1. Connect the receiver’s port 2 RS-232 port to the PC’s communi­cations port (Refer to the Installation & Service Manual)
2. On the receiver, press the CFG key until CFG1 screen is displayed
3. Scroll down the menu to NMEA Out 2
4. Press the E key
5. If the port is already Active (Yes), write down which NMEA sentences are set to Yes, then set all of the NMEA sentences to No. You need to do this to record just the waypoint data.
If the port is not Active (No), change it to Yes
6. Scroll down to the WPL record and change it On
7. Select the Details softkey
8. Set Include Waypoint Names to either No or Yes. Refer to WPL -
Waypoint Location - NMEA Compliant and WPL - Waypoint With Symbols & Description - NMEA 0183 Non-Compliant
sections in this manual to determine the correct format for your purpose
9. Set Decimals In Position to 4
10.Press the Done softkey
11.Set the WPL record to Off(you will need to turn the data off while setting up the computer)
12.On the computer, double click on the Accessories icon
13.Double click on the Terminal icon
14.Click on the Settings menu
15.Double click on the Communications menu item and make the following settings:
4800 baud 8 data bits
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1 stop bit Parity - none Flow Control - none Connector - Com1 (or Com2, depending where the external interface is) Parity Check - blank Carrier Detect - blank OK
16. Click on the Transfers menu
17.Double click on the Receiver Text File menu item and make the following settings:
[give the file a name.txt] [select a location (folder) to store the file] OK
18.On the receiver, you should still be in edit mode on CFG1 NMEA Out 2 with the cursor flashing on Off at the WPL record. Press the Send All softkey.
19.When all the waypoint sentences are sent, click on the Stop button on the PC
20. Press the E key on the receiver to exit the edit mode
Uploading Waypoints From Other Devices
The receiver will accept waypoints from any device which follows the WPL formats identified earlier in the Waypoint section. The first two characters following the $ can be any NMEA defined talker ID. You do not have to calculate and include the checksum; however, you must end each data record with a carriage return and line feed. If you do include the checksum at the end of the data record, the receiver will verify the checksum. If the checksum is invalid, the waypoint will be rejected.
Waypoints received on the data port will be stored to the waypoint location specified in the WPL record. If the waypoint location specified in the WPL record is already occupied, the receiver will over write the existing waypoint (if it is unlocked). If the existing waypoint is locked, the WPL record received on the input port will be ignored and dropped.
The receiver will only recognize waypoints from one input port at any given time. This port is defined in CFG1 WPT & RTE In.
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Uploading Waypoints From A Personal Computer
You can use any terminal or communications program to download or upload waypoints and routes to or from the receiver and a PC.
Set the PC to:
4800 baud 8 bits 1 stop bit no parity no flow control
When sending data to the receiver, it must be sent in block form, followed by (with an appended) CR (carriage return) and LF (line feed). Normal communications programs, like the Windows 3.1 or
3.11 Terminal program are sufficient to get the job done. Unfortu­nately Windows 95 doesn’t provide a basic terminal emulation program, therefore, a third party program is required with Windows
95. Using Windows Terminal, do the following (from the Program
Manager):
1. Connect the receiver’s port 2 RS-232 port to the PC’s communi­cations port (Refer to the Installation & Service Manual)
2. On the receiver, press the CFG key until CFG1 screen is displayed
3. Scroll down the menu to WPL Input
4. Press the E key
5. Set the Transducer Connected to Yes
6. Set the Data Input Port No. to 2
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7. Press the E key
8. On the computer, double click on the Accessories icon
9. Double click on the Terminal icon
10.Click on the Settings menu
11.Double click on the Communications menu item and make the following settings:
4800 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit Parity - none Flow Control - none Connector - Com1 (or Com2, depending where the external interface is) Parity Check - blank Carrier Detect - blank OK
12. Click on the Transfers menu
13.Double click on the Send Text File menu item and make the following settings:
[select the correct file name.txt] [select the correct location (folder) for the file] check the Append LF box OK
14.When all the waypoint sentences are sent, press the WPT key and scroll through the list to ensure all the waypoints transferred properly
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Mark or Event
This function key stores your present position, date and time at the next available waypoint location in the Waypoint Bank. A window pops up on the screen to confirm your key depression, and to tell you where the Mark position is being stored. You can go into the WPT menu and edit the coordinates or description later. This key function is disabled for 2 seconds after each depression.
The cross-hair (⊕) symbol to the left of the date in the Waypoint Bank indicates that the Mark or Event key created this waypoint. Note that you can also select the cross-hair (⊕) symbol from the various symbols for other waypoints when editing waypoints.
The receiver is also capable of performing this function from a remote contact closure input via pins 6 and 11 on the 31 pin connector. Refer to the Installation &Service Manual for interface instructions. Contact closure on the two input pins for less than 2 seconds causes a Mark position to be generated. Contact closure on the two input pins for longer than 2 seconds causes a Man Over Board condition to be generated.
Note: The marker stores the position of the
antenna location. Keep this in mind if you are trying to pinpoint items such as buoys, crab pots, etc. For some special applica­tions such as these, you may need to locate the antenna at the point on the boat or ship where you need to make this exact measurement. For example, you may need to locate the antenna on the end of a boom arm used to raise and lower these special devices.
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GOTO
Using the GOTO function key is the fastest way to create a single leg route. Using this method will cause the existing active route to be erased and overwritten with the new position you define.
1. From any screen, press the GOTO key.
2. Press the E key.
3. Select the waypoint determination method you want:
Waypoint Number - allows you to choose a waypoint stored in
the Waypoint Bank, where you enter the waypoint number
Choose in Bank - as used in the Route function (refer to Route -
Choose In Bank section of the manual), allows you to view
waypoints in the Waypoint Bank as a list.
Lat. Lon., Grid Point, Loran C TD’s, Decca TD’s - allows you
to define a coordinate and description, which is also stored at the next available waypoint location in the Waypoint Bank,
Bearing Range - allows you to define a coordinate by specifying
the bearing and range from your present position, which is also stored at the next available waypoint location in the Waypoint Bank.
If you make a mistake, you can use the cursor key to position the cursor over the mistake and over write the error.
Use the DGPS key or cursor key to insert a space in the descrip­tion, if needed.
Use the CFG key to select a special character, if needed.
4. To activate the GOTO waypoint, press the E key. A warning is
briefly displayed indicating that the active route will be replaced with the GOTO route.
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If you decide you don’t want to continue with this function, press the Escape softkey, then select another function key (i.e. NAV) and your original route will have been left intact.
Press the RTE function key. You will see two waypoints defined in the center of the screen.
Waypoint 0, the first waypoint, is your Point of Departure, or the position you were at when you created the route. The receiver saves and displays the original coordinates, date and time when you created the route in Waypoint 0.
Waypoint 0 is displayed in Inverse Video, that is, white characters on a black background (when in the normal Daylight display mode; see CFG Lighting). This indicates that you have already passed this coordinate. The time stamp at the lower portion of the description window, indicates when the route was created.
To the right of the coordinate window of Waypoint 0, is a bent arrow. The bend in the arrow is adjacent to the range and bearing between the waypoint you just passed and the waypoint you are approaching. Keep in mind that these are the fixed calculated values between these two coordinates and not the real time changing values that you will see in the navigate screens between your present position and your next waypoint during normal navigation.
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Below Waypoint 0 is the waypoint you defined in the GOTO function. Notice that this information is in standard video, black characters on a white background, and that an ETA time is dis­played in the same position as the waypoint passed time in Way­point 0. This indicates that the waypoint has not been passed yet. Remember that the ETA time is filtered over time, so allow a few minutes for the filter to settle when you first get underway or make course and speed changes.
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Plot
There are two PLOT screens. The RTE1 and WPT functions are highly interactive with the PLOT screens. The primary difference between the PLOT1 and PLOT2 screens is the point of reference. The PLOT1 screen displays graphic information around the boat, your present position. The boat always remains in the center of the screen. The PLOT2 screen displays graphic information around a marker. The marker always remains in the center of this screen. If you define some of your navigation markers in the Waypoint Bank with a symbol in the first character position, the navigation symbol will show up in relation to your planned course on the plot screen, just as it does in the NAV1 Panorama screen. In addition to the graphic details provided by the receiver, the Plot screens provide basic navigation information, zoom in/out capability and scaling factors for the display from around 10 to 20 meters, depending on your latitude, out to 128 nautical miles. You will find these screens very helpful in many ways, and we will provide you with a couple of ideas on how to make good use of the PLOT function after the screen description which follows.
Note: The Plot screens do not show your route and
cross-track error lines when in Great Circle Navigation mode.
The following CFG menus directly impact the PLOT functions:
Ø Navigation - sets a variety of important functions and alarms
ð Rhumb Line or Great Circle navigation ð Range units: nautical miles, nautical miles and meters
(when under 1000 meters), nautical miles and feet (when under 1000 feet), statute miles, statute miles and meters (when under 1000 meters), statute miles and feet (when under 1000 feet), kilometers, or kilometers and meters (when under 1000 meters)
ð Waypoint Pass Criterion and distance ð Waypoint Approach distance ð Autopilot alarm control ð Cross-track Error Limits
Ø COG / SOG Filter Settings
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Take a quick look at both screens. They both have a graphical area to the right, and a text data area to the left.
The bottom left softkey is the Zoom-In softkey; the second softkey from the left is the Zoom-Out softkey. These two softkeys are active without pressing the E key. Each time you depress one of these softkeys, you scale by one-half or by double the graphical area. If you look to the top of the screen, just right of the page number (PLOT 1 or PLOT 2), you will see a number in a white square. This is the scale of the graphic window based on the units selected in CFG1 Navigation. Now look along the left and right edge of the graphic window, you will see some vertical black and white dash marks (these are harder to see at small scales like 1 and 2 or at large values such as 64 or 128). Each solid dash mark represents 1 nautical mile. A broken dash mark indicates 1/100th of a nautical mile when you are zoomed in at low scale. You will find your bearing and range to the next waypoint (PLOT1) or marker position (PLOT2) just below the page number. The PLOT2 screen also provides the marker coordinates and the datum currently in use (set in CFG1 Datum).
The CFG1 Navigation menu allows you to display fractions of the major unit (nautical miles, statute miles, or kilometers) ranges less than 1000 in alternate units of feet or meters.
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PLOT 1 - Relative To Boat
The information in PLOT1 is always relative to your present position. The boat always remains in the center of the screen and the bearing and range is always from your present position to the next waypoint identified in RTE1.
Modifying The Active Route Using The Plot Screen
Press the E key to modify the screen to your needs.
You will notice that a magnifying glass icon appears in the middle of the screen. This icon is used to identify waypoints and symbols which appear on the plot screen. Use the cursor key to move the magnifying glass around. Zooming out allows you to move the magnifying glass over long distances at a faster rate. When the icon is on a symbol, it identifies the symbol in the text area under the description of Watching:. This information includes the Waypoint Bank storage location (WPT 25), the waypoint description which you gave it, the waypoint coordinates and datum which it is stored in and your present bearing and range to this location (as opposed to the waypoint you are traveling towards in your active route).
If you want to alter your present course, you can do it very quickly from here.
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1. Move the magnifying glass to the new waypoint you want to go to.
2. Press the GOTO function key.
3. Press the E key. You are done!
What the above routine actually does is insert two new waypoints into your active route. Let’s say that you have an active route with 7 waypoints (21 through 27) in it. Some time after you pass the first 4 waypoints (WPT 24), you decide that you want to alter your course to a waypoint in the Waypoint Bank, but you can’t recall the waypoint number. So you go into the PLOT1 screen, locate WPT 35 with the magnifying glass and press the GOTO function key. At this point, the active route (RTE1) is modified by placing a new waypoint, your present position (i.e. WPT 1996), after WPT 24. This new waypoint is shown in inverse video, indicating that you have already passed the position. This is good for you because you can indicate in your logs later on when and where you altered your course by the time stamp and coordinates in WPT 1996. Next, you will see WPT 35 in normal video, followed by waypoints 25, 26, and 27.
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RTE1 Was :
WPT 21 WPT 22 WPT 23 WPT 24
WPT25 WPT 26 WPT 27
Waypoints Added
By GOTO Function:
WPT 1996
WPT 35
RTE1 Is
Changed To
WPT 21 WPT 22 WPT 23 WPT 24
WPT 1996
WPT 35 WPT 25 WPT 26 WPT 27
Customizing The Display
There are a number of display options available, press the E key to modify the screen to your needs.
Press the Display Options softkey.
The following choices are available:
Show Boat - Yes is the default condition, which places the boat
icon in the middle of the screen. No places the boat in a Com­pass Rose in the upper right corner of the screen (see the diagram below), where your direction is indicated by the boat in the Compass Rose. The boats position is then indicated by an X in the center of the screen.
Show All Waypoints - Yes is the default condition, which
displays all waypoints, where the first character of the descrip­tion is a symbol, in its proper location relative to the boats position. No causes none of the waypoints to be displayed.
Show Active Route - Yes is the default condition, which causes
the active route (course lines) and its waypoint symbols to be
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displayed. No causes the course lines not to be displayed. Note that these lines can only be displayed in Rhumb Line navigation mode (see CFG1 Navigation).
Ø Show Recorded Track - Yes is the default condition, which
causes the course you have already traveled to be displayed. No causes the traveled course not to be displayed.
Ø Show Off Track Limit - Yes is the default condition, which
causes the active route cross-track error lines to be displayed. These are only displayed for the leg of the course you are presently on. If you reset your cross-track error, these lines are redrawn to reflect the course change (see NAV2). No causes the cross-track error lines not to be displayed. Note that these lines can only be displayed in Rhumb Line navigation mode (see CFG1 Navigation).
Ø Show Lat/Lon Grid - No is the default condition, which causes
the coordinate grid not to be displayed. Yes causes the Lat/Lon grid to be displayed (regardless of positioning reference system selection in CFG1 Position). Note that the grid is only displayed at the 4Nm scale or lower.
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Ø Automatic Zoom - No is the default condition, which causes the
displayed scale to be controlled by you. Yes causes the boat icon to be placed along one edge of the screen and the next waypoint flag to be placed along the opposite edge of the screen. As you approach your waypoint, the screen will automatically zoom in on your course, then expand back out after you pass the waypoint and start the next leg of your course.
If you press the Return softkey, then the Track Plotter softkey, you will access the recorded track options.
Selecting Erase Track allows you to clear your recorded track. You can keep a portion, say the last mile or two, of your recorded track if you like, by specifying the range after you press the Erase Track softkey. Press Erase Now to confirm your action. Press Escape to return the previous screen without erasing or E to abort this process.
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Selecting Record Track allows you to define how your course is saved. Choosing not to save your track may free the processor up to run other functions a little bit faster; however, you are not likely to notice any difference in performance unless the four data ports are near their full throughput capacity. You also have three different levels of track saving capability: Normal, Fine, and Detailed. The software saves each calculated position coordinate to draw the lines for the plot screen. There are a finite number of plot points which can saved in memory, before the receiver begins overwriting the first set of plot points. If you are traveling a long distance at a high rate of speed (say over 10 knots) you probably will want to use the Normal selection which only stores a plot point when your direction changes. If you are doing some tight maneuvering or station keeping tasks, you will probably want to use the Detailed selection which stores a position every 0.5 meters. The Fine selection stores a plot point every 7 meters.
PLOT 2 - Relative To Marker
The PLOT2 functions are the same as the PLOT1. Refer to the previous section for customizing the display. One added feature to the PLOT2 screen is the ability to place the marker at any coordi­nate that you want and the receiver will calculate a bearing and distance to the marker.
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If you want to relocate the marker, press E to enter the edit mode, then press the Move Marker softkey. You can move the marker by: defining a coordinate (see the flashing cursor over the coordinates in the upper left window), moving the magnifying glass using the
cursor keys and pressing the To softkey, or by pressing the To
softkey which moves the cursor to the boat’s present position. If
you choose to use the magnifying glass method, make sure you move this icon before you select the Move Marker softkey. After you press the Move Marker softkey, pressing on the cursor keys only allows you to move within the coordinate fields.
Plot Screen Use Examples
Station Keeping
There may be a time when you want to maintain your position at a given location in open water. Some applications for this need may be:
Ø Staying over a dive wreck Ø Staying over a fishing hole Ø Recovering an oceanographic survey point
You can easily accomplish this task by two methods: by placing the marker in PLOT2 on the location you want to maintain; and referring to the bearing and range in PLOT2 to maintain the position. If you are placing and recovering crab pots along a course line, you can enter your course in the RTE1 screen, then place the marker at each crab pot in turn.
You can also select WPT Pass Criterion: Distance To WPT in the CFG1 Navigation screen and set the WPT Pass Distance: 0.00; or set the WPT Pass Criterion to Manual.
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By doing this and putting the coordinate you want to maintain in the RTE1 screen, you will always get the bearing and distance to the waypoint in the PLOT1 and NAV screens, regardless of your angle of approach. Note for the plot example above, we turned off the cross-track error lines, the active route, and track saving to keep the screen from getting cluttered as you drift.
Grid Search
If you are attempting to search a given area, you can use the PLOT2 screen to define a known coordinate in your search pattern, then use both the PLOT1 and PLOT2 screens to view your progress and help maintain your proper separation. You can also use the RTE1 screen’s Insert New WPT feature in conjunction with the CFG1 Navigation, WPT Pass Criterion: Distance To WPT (set the WPT Pass Distance: to the smallest acceptable value) to create the search pattern you want to follow. In the RTE1 screen, press Insert New WPT to define the coordinates of the first waypoint. Then use the Insert New WPT softkey to define subsequent range and bearing coordinates from your original position. This technique
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allows you to quickly define your search pattern, control the pattern separation, and view your progress along the way. The receiver will prompt you to turn at the predetermined waypoints you defined. This allows you to pay more attention to the task at hand, rather than having to keep a close eye on the GPS receiver.
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Man Over Board
The Man Over Board function key is located at the bottom right hand corner of the receiver. When depressed for a few seconds, it activates a number of automatic functions described below. You can also active it by pressing E and selecting the Activate MOB softkey.
Most obviously, it brings up a MOB PLOT screen. This is an automatic scaling screen. The screen centers on half the distance between your present position and the MOB position. In addition, the MOB position is displayed in the upper left corner, so that you can quickly read the coordinates to others who may be available to render assistance. This plot screen also provides the vital bearing and distance back to the MOB position, as well as your present course over ground.
The MOB position, date and time are stored in the Waypoint Bank for future reference (i.e. log book entries), beginning at WPT 1999 and filling in unlocked waypoints backwards (i.e. 1999, 1998, 1997, etc.).
Note: The range and bearing in the PLOT, NAV, and MOB
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screens all reflect your bearing and range back to the MOB position, not the active route, until the MOB is canceled.
NMEA 0183 sentences (i.e. BWC and BWR) and the printer output are changed to reflect the current crisis situation by also indicating the bearing and range back to the MOB position (until the MOB is canceled). This way, other interfaced equipment can also help guide you back to the MOB position. When the MOB condition is canceled, the NMEA sentences will automatically revert to the active route information. Don’t forget to cancel the MOB so your
interfaced equipment will read the correct data!
The MOB function key and remote MOB input are disabled from subsequent activation, until MOB Cancel is selected.
Other functions such as Position and Navigate can still be accessed; however, the screen will revert to the MOB Plot screen after 30 seconds.
To cancel a MOB condition, make sure you are in the MOB Plot screen. Press the E function key, then select the Cancel MOB softkey. Press E again to exit the edit mode.
Remote MOB
This receiver is also capable of performing the MOB function from a remote contact closure input via pins 6 and 11 on the 31 pin connector, shared with the Mark input. If the contact closure is made for less than 2 seconds, the input is registered as a Mark Position. If the contact closure is made for more than 2 seconds, the input is registered as a MOB Position. Refer to the Installation & Service manual for interface instructions.
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