TECHNICAL DATA /
BLACK AND WHITE FILM
EASTMAN PLUS-X
February 1999 • H-1-5231
================H-1-7276
Negative Film 5231
™
DESCRIPTION
The speedand grain characteristics of EASTMAN PLUS-X
Negative Film 5231 (35 mm) and 7231 (16 mm) make it
well-suited for general motion picture production—both
outdoorsandinthestudio.Thesefilm characteristics provide
an excellent balance between the maximum desirable speed
for general production work and a fine-grain negative for
that speed. The speed of this panchromatic film permits the
useofsmallapertures, thus allowing good depth of field. The
film is also widely used for making composite projection
background scenes.
BASE
EASTMAN PLUS-X Negative Film has a gray acetate
safety base.
DARKROOM RECOMMENDATIONS
Handle unprocessed film in total darkness. If necessary,you
can use asafelight for a few seconds only after developingis
50percent complete. Use a safelight equipped with a 15-watt
bulb and a KODAKSafelight Filter No. 3/ dark green. Keep
the safelight at least 4 feet (1.2 metres) from the film.
/ 7231
EXPOSURE INDEX/DIN
(For development to a gamma of 0.65 to 0.70.)
Daylight—80/20
Tungsten (3200 K)—64/19
Use these indexes with incident- or reflected-light exposure
meters and cameras marked for ISO or ASA speeds or
exposure indexes. These indexesapply for meter readingsof
average subjects made from the camera position or for
readings made from a gray card of 18-percent reflectance
held close to and in front of thesubject. For unusually lightor dark-colored subjects, decrease or increase the exposure
indicated by the meter accordingly.
EXPOSURE TABLE FOR TUNGSTEN LIGHT
At 24 frames per second (fps), 170˚ shutter opening:
Lens Aperturef/1.4f/2f/2.8f/4f/5.6f/8f/11
Footcandles
required *
* At 18 fps, use3⁄4 of the footcandles (fc) shown.
FILTER FACTORS
™
40 80 160 320 640 1250 2500
STORAGE
Store unexposed film at 13˚C (55˚F) or lower. Process
exposed film promptly. Store processed film at 21˚C (70˚F)
or lower at arelative humidity of 40to 50 percentfor normal
commercial storage. For more information on long-term
storage, see KODAK Publications No. H-1,KODAKMotion
Picture Film, and No. H-23, The Book of Film Care.
KODAK
WRATTEN
Filter No.
Filter Factor
for Daylight
* For use in bright sunlight to reduce the exposure without modifying color
rendering or depth of field. ThisneutraldensityfilterNo.96withadensity of
0.9 reduces the exposure.
3 8 12 15 21 23a 25 29 96*
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 5.0 8.0 25 8.0
RECIPROCITY
You do not need to make any filter corrections or exposure
adjustments for exposure times from 1/10,000 to 1/10
second. At an exposure time of 1 second, increase exposure
by1⁄2 stop.
©Eastman Kodak Company, 1998
PROCESSING
The following starting-point recommendations are for a
typical continuous-strand processing machine. See KODAK
Publication H-24, Manual for Processing KODAK Motion
Picture Films, Module 1, for more information on solution
formulas for machine processing.
IDENTIFICATION
After processing, the product code numbers 5231 or 7231,
emulsion and roll number identification, KEYKODE
Numbers, and internal product symbol (H) are visible along
the length of the film.
Replenishment
Processing
Step
KODAK
Developer D-96*
Stop Rinse‡
KODAK
Fixing Bath F-5*
Countercurrent
Wash (3 stages)
Dry§
* Agitation in the developer and fixing bath should be by recirculation
through submerged spray jets that impinge on the film strands.
† Develop to recommended control gamma of 0.65 to 0.70 calculated
using Status M densitometry (blue).
‡ Fixer-laden water from wash tank, pH about 6.
§ Drying depends on many factors such as air temperature, humidity,
volume and rate of air flow, flow distribution pattern, final squeegeeing,
etc. In a typical motion-picture film dryingcabinet with air at about35˚C
(95˚F) and 40- to 50-percent relative humidity (RH), satisfactory drying
will require 15 to 20 minutes. Film leaving the drying cabinet whenit has
reached room temperature should be at equilibrium with room air at
approximately 50-percent RH.
Temperature
˚C (˚F)
21 ±0.3
(70 ± 0.5)
21 ± 1
(70 ± 2)
21 ±1
(70 ± 2)
21 ±1
(70 ± 2)
35
(95)
Time
(min:sec)
Approx
5:00†
0:50 12,000 6,000
6:00 850 425
10:00 12,000 6,000
———
Rate
(mL per 100 ft)
35 mm 16 mm
1,250
(D-96R)
625
(D-96R)
IMAGE STRUCTURE
The modulation-transfer curves, the diffuse rms granularity,
and the resolving power data were generated from samples
of 5231 Film exposed with tungsten light and processed as
recommended in KODAK Developer D-96. For more
information on image-structure characteristics,see KODAK
Publication No. H-1, EASTMAN Motion Picture Film.
Diffuse RMS Granularity* 10
Resolving Power†
* Read at a net diffuse visual density of 1.0, using a
48-micrometer aperture.
† Determined according to amethod similar to the one described
in ISO 6328-1982,
Determination of ISO Resolving Power.
TOC 1.6:1
TOC 1000:1
Photography—Photographic Materials—
32 lines/mm
100 lines/mm
2 EASTMAN PLUS-X Negative Film 5231™ / 7231™ • H-1-5231
3.0
C a ac e s c Cu es
Modulation Transfer Curve
y
2.0
DENSITY
1.0
Sensitometric Curves
Exposure:
intensity-scale sensitometer
Processing:
D-96 at 21 C (70 F)
Densitometry:
0.8
0.7
GAMMA
0.6
4
DEVELOPMENT TIME
(minutes)
Gamma
Fog
NET
FOG
0.02
0.00
5
6
Daylight, 1/50 sec,
KODAK Developer
Status M (Blue)
=0.76
=0.70
5 min
6 min
=0.63
4 min
3.0
Spectral-Sensitivity Curves
2.0
*
1.0
LOG SENSITIVITY
0.0
Effective Exposure:
1.4 seconds
Process:KODAK Developer D-96
at 21 C (70 F) to the
recommended control gamma
Densitometry:
Diffuse visual
D=0.3 Above gross fog
D=1.0 Above gross fog
0.0
200
100
70
50
30
20
10
7
5
RESPONSE (%)
3
2
1
F002_0141AC
2.03.0
LOG EXPOSURE (lux-seconds)
Modulation-Transfer Curve
SPATIAL FREQUENCY (cycles/mm)
=0.19Base Density
1.01.0 0.0
F002_0142AC
1.0
250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 750700
F002_0143AC
WAVELENGTH (nm)
*Sensitivity = reciprocal of exposure (ergs/cm ) required
to produce specified density
2
Notice: While the data presented are typical of production
coatings, they do not representstandards which must be met
by Kodak. Varying storage, exposure, and processing
conditionswillaffectresults.Thecompanyreserves the right
to change and improve product character- istics at any time.
These photographic modulation-transfer values were
determined by using a methodsimilar tothe onedescribed in
ANSI Standard PH2.39-1977(R1990). The film was
exposed with the specified illuminant to spatially varying
sinusoidal test patterns having anaerial image modulationof
a nominal 60 percent at the image plane, with processing as
indicated. In most cases, these photographic
modulation-transfer values are influenced by
development-adjacency effects and are not equivalent tothe
60020050201054321 100
true optical modulation-transfer curve of the emulsion layer
in the particular photographic product.
EASTMAN PLUS-X Negative Film 5231™ / 7231™ • H-1-5231 3
EASTMAN PLUS-X Negative Film 5231™ / 7231™
AVAILABLE ROLL LENGTHS
For information on film roll lengths, check Kodak’s
Professional Motion Imaging Price Catalog or see a Kodak
sales representative in your country.
KODAK
FOR DIRECT ORDERING IN THE UNITED STATES:
1-800-621-FILM
ATLANTA, GEORGIA
4 Concourse Parkway
Suite 300
Atlanta, Georgia 30328-6105
Information: 800-800-8398
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
815 West Van Buren, Suite 320
Chicago, Illinois 60607
Information: 312-492-1423
DALLAS, TEXAS
11337 Indian Trail
Dallas, Texas 75229
Information: 972-481-1170
312-492-1423
HOLLYWOOD, CALIFORNIA
6700 Santa Monica Boulevard
P. O. Box 38939
Hollywood, California 90038-1203
Information: 323-464-6131
LOCATIONS
FOR DIRECT ORDERING IN CANADA:
1-800-621-FILM
MONTREAL, CANADA
Kodak Canada Inc.
4 Place du Commerce, Suite 100
1le des Soeurs
Verdun, Quebec, Canada, H3E 1J4
Information: 514-761-7001
TORONTO, CANADA
Kodak Canada Inc.
3500 Eglinton Avenue West
Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M6M 1V3
Information: 416-761-4922
VANCOUVER, CANADA
Kodak Canada Inc.
4185 Still Creek Drive, Suite C150
Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5C 6G9
Information: 604-570-3526
KODAK On Line At:
http://www.kodak.com/go/motion
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
360 West 31st Street
New York, New York 10001-2727
Information: 212-631-3450
LATIN AMERICAN REGION
8600 NW 17th Street, Suite 200
Miami, Florida 33126
Information: 305-507-5656
EASTMAN PLUS-X Negative Film
5231 / 7231
KODAK Publication No. H-1-5231
CAT 827 6073
Professional
Motion Imaging
Kodak, Eastman, Plus-X, 5231, 7231, D-96,
and Wratten are trademarks.
Minor Revisions 2-99
Printed in U.S.A.
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