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AES-A01N
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Kern AES-A01N User guide

KERN & Sohn GmbH
Ziegelei 1
E-Mail: info@kern-sohn.com
Operating instructions Density Determination Set
KERN AES-A01N
Version 1.0
09/2012
GB
D-72336 Balingen
Fax: +49-[0]7433-9933-149
AES-A01N-BA-e-1210
KERN AES_N/AEJ_N
KERN AES-A01N
GB
Contents:
1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 3
1.1 SCOPE OF DELIVERY ................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 DIMENSION [MM] ....................................................................................................................... 4
2 PRINCIPLE OF DENSITY DETERMINATION ............................................................................... 5
2.1 INFLUENCING MAGNITUDES AND ERROR SOURCES ...................................................................... 6
3 INSTALLING THE DENSITY DETERMINATION SET .................................................................. 7
Version 1.0 09/2012
Operating instructions Density Determination Set Analytical Balances
4 DENSITY DETERMINATION OF SOLIDS ..................................................................................... 9
4.1 ACTIVATE "DENSITY DETERMINATION SOLID MATTER" MODE ...................................................... 10
4.2 CALCULATE DENSITY .............................................................................................................. 12
4.3 DENSITY DETERMINATION OF SOLID MATER IAL WITH A DENSITY OF LESS THAN 1 G/CM3 ............... 14
5 DETERMINING DENSITY OF LIQUIDS ...................................................................................... 15
5.1 CALL UP "DENSITY DETERMINATION FLUID" ............................................................................... 16
5.2 CALCULATE DENSITY .............................................................................................................. 18
6 PRECONDITIONS FOR PRECISE MEASUREMENTS ............................................................... 20
6.1 CALCULATION OF RESULTS ..................................................................................................... 20
6.2 INFLUENCE FACTORS FOR MEASUREMENT ERRORS ................................................................. 20
6.2.1 Air bubbles ....................................................................................................................... 20
6.2.2 Solid matter sample ......................................................................................................... 20
6.2.3 Liquids .............................................................................................................................. 21
6.2.4 Surface ............................................................................................................................. 21
6.3 GENERAL INFORMATION .......................................................................................................... 21
6.3.1 Density / Relative Density ................................................................................................ 21
6.3.2 Drift of Balance Display ................................................................................................... 21
7 DENSITY TABLE FOR FLUIDS ................................................................................................... 22
8 USER INSTRUCTIONS ................................................................................................................ 23
2 AES-A01N-BA-e-1210
12

1 Introduction

• In order to guarantee a safe and trouble-free operation, please read carefully the operating instructions.
• These operating instructions only describe the operation of the

1.1 S cope of delivery

Check packaging and density determination set immediately when unp ack ing for
possible visible damage.
Make sure that all parts are completely present.
density determinati on set . For further information on how to operate your balance please refer to the operating instructions supplied with each balance.
No. Description
1 Hook for sinker 9 Wire 2 Frame
10 Additional frame (tray for sample
dishes/sinkers)
3 Wire 11 Lower filter bowl of immersion basket
4 Beaker 400 ml 12
Immersion basket for floati ng soli d matter (density < 1 g/cm³)
5 Glass sinker Thermometer not illustrated 6 Additional weights (See chap. 4 and 5) Thermometer bracket not illustrated
7 Platform for glass beaker Tweezers not illustrated
Upper sample dish of the
8
immersion basket
Operating instructions
AES-A01N-BA-e-1210 3

1.2 Dim ension [mm]

4 AES-A01N-BA-e-1210
ρ =
A
A-B
o
ρ
ρ =
m V
1
g
cm
3
1
kg
m
3
1
g
l

2 Principle of Density Determination

Three physical magnitudes are the volume and the mass of bodies as well as the density of matter. In density mass and volume are related.
Density [ ρ ] is the relation of mass [ m ] to volume [ V ].
SI-unit of density is kilogram divided by cubic meter (kg/m³). 1 kg/m³ equals the density of a homogenous body that, for a mass of 1 kg, has the volume of 1 m³. Additional frequently applied units include:
The application of this density determination set in combination with the KERN AES_N/AEJ_N balances provides fast and safe determination of solids and fluids. Our set uses the "Principle of Archimedes" to determine density:
BUOYANCY IS A FORCE. IT AFFECTS A BODY THAT IS IMMERSED INTO A FLUID. THE BUOYANCY OF THE BODY EQUALS THE WEIGHT FORCE OF THE DISPLACED FLUID. THE FORCE OF BUOYANCY ACTS VERTICALLY UPWARDS.
Thus, density is calculated according to the formulae below:
To determine the density of solid matter
Our balances enable weighing of solids in air [ A ] as well as water [ B ]. If the density of the buoyancy medium is known [ ρo ] the density of the solid [ ρ ] is calculated as
follows:
ρ = Density of sample A = Weight of the sample in air B = Weight of the sample in the aid liquid
ρ
= Density of the aid liquid
o
,
,
AES-A01N-BA-e-1210 5
ρ =
V
A-B
L
ρ
+
ρ =
G V
Determining density of liquids
The density of a fluid is determined with the help of a sinker providing a known volume ([ V ] see embossin g) . The sinker is weighed in air [ A ] as well as in the test fluid [ B ].
According to the Archimedes’ Principle a body immersed in a fluid experiences a force of buoyancy. [ G ]. This force equals the weight force of the fluid displaced by the volume of the body. The volume [ V ] of the immersed body equals the volume of the displaced fluid.
G = buoyancy of sinker Buoyancy of sinker =
Weight of the sinker in air [ A ] - weight sinker in test liquid [ B ] From this follows:
ρ = Density of test liquid A = Weight of sinker in air B = Weight of the sinkers in test liquid V = volume of sinker

2.1 Influencing magnitudes and error sources

Air pressure Temperature Volume deviation of the sinker Surface tension of the liquid Air bubbles Immersion depth of the sample dish or of the sinker Porosity of the solid
6 AES-A01N-BA-e-1210
• Switch off balance and separate it from the power supply.
3
1
2

3 Installing the density determination set

• If necessary, carry out necessary adjustment before installation of the density
Remove the following parts from the weighing scale
set.
• Correct adjustment is no longer possible after the density kit has been installed.
• For reasons of adjustment, take away the density set and place the standard weighing plate.
(1) Standard weighing platform (2) Support for weighing plate (3) Screening ring
AES-A01N-BA-e-1210 7
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