EDM 930

J.P. Instruments EDM 930 User Manual

Pilot’s Guide

Engine Data Management

EDM-930

Primary

TSO

J.P. INSTRUMENTS INC.

Information: P. O. Box 7033 Huntington Beach, CA 92646 Factory: 3185 B Airway Costa Mesa, CA 92626 (714) 557-5434 Fax (714) 557-9840

www.jpinstruments.com

Printed in the United States of America Rev I 10-12

Last printed 5/14/2013 9:17:00 AM

Table of Contents

Section 1 - Getting Started 1

Display View Angle 2 List of abbreviations and acronyms 3 Fuel Flow Computer Basics 3 Control Button Basics 4 Display Screen Basics 4 Remote Auxiliary Display Basics 5 RPM and MAP Display Basics 5 Linear Bar Graph Display Basics 5 Scanner® Display Basics 6 LeanFind Basics 6

Section 2 - Interpreting Data 7

Operation for each Phase of Flight 7 Typical Normal Measurements 9

Section 3 - Displays and Controls 12

Control Buttons 12 RPM and MAP Displays 14 Scanner Displays 14 Remote Auxiliary Display 17 Hobbs Display 17 Dimming the Display 17

Section 4 - Operating Modes 18

Automatic Mode 18 Manual Mode 19

Section 5 - LeanFind 20

LeanFind Procedure—General Explanation 24 Expanded Leaning Procedures 28

Section 6 - Fuel Flow Operation 29

Fuel Management 29 Start Up Fuel 30 Resetting ‘USD’ 32 Resetting ‘USD’ 33 Resetting ‘USD’ 34 Trip Mode (Accumulate Trip Totalizer) 34 Scanner Fuel Flow Display Select 34

Section 7 - Alarms 35

Non-primary Alarm Priority 35

Section 8 - Memory and Data Download 36

Downloading Data from the EDM 37 Transferring data from the USB Flash Drive to a PC 37

Section 9 - First Time Setup and Customization 38

Pilot Programming Mode 40 Adjusting the HP Constant for Rich of Peak Operation 42 Adjusting the MAP 42 Adjusting the HP Value 43 Fuel Flow K factor 43 Programming Trip Mode 45

Setting the GPS Com Format 46 Section 10 - Custom Key Card 46 Section 11 - Setting Fuel Calibration Points 47

Getting Started…Collecting Fuel Level Calibration Data using the EDM as a

meter. 48

After you have collected your data…Entering / Editing Fuel Level Calibration

Data 49

Troubleshooting the EDM 52

Troubleshooting the EDM 53

Diagnostic Testing on Startup and During Flight 53

Diagnostic Messages 54 Section 12 - Appendices 56

TSO-only differences from Primary Instruments 56

Shock Cooling 57

Rear Apron Connector Locations 58

Connector pin assignments 58

Connector pin assignments 59

Navigation Data Formats 60

Navigation Data Ports for GPS Comm 60

Interface connections to selected GPS models 60 Section 13 - Technical Support 61

Index 62

QUICK REFERENCE 66

EDM-930 SYSTEM DISPLAYS

EDM

930

Main display

Remote Auxiliary Display

(RAD)

Product Features

 Hands-free, automatic scanning  LeanFind finds the first and last cylinder to peak with true

peak detect—eliminates false peaks

 Displays both leaned temperature below peak and peak  Battery voltage with alarm  Amperes (load or charge/discharge meter)  Programmable alarm limits  Exhaust Gas Temperatures (EGTs) to stable 1°F resolution  DIF low to high EGT with alarm  Shock cooling monitored on every cylinder  Fast response probes  Non-volatile long term memory  Records and stores data up to 30 hours  Post-flight data retrieval  Data retrieval software  Oil pressure  Oil temperature  Turbine inlet temperature, if applicable (optional)  Outside air temperature  Compressor discharge temperature (optional)  Carburetor temperature or induction temperature (optional)  Fuel pressure, if applicable  Fuel level Voltage, Resistive or Capacitive (frequency)  Fuel Flow

 Solid-state rotor fuel flow transducer  Fuel quantity in gallons, kilograms, liters, or pounds  Low fuel quantity alarm  Low fuel time alarm  GPS interface  Instantaneous fuel flow rate  Total amount of fuel consumed  Total fuel remaining

 RPM and manifold pressure  Automatically calculates percent horsepower  Hobbs® timer  Remote Auxiliary Display (RAD)

 Time to empty at the current fuel flow rate

Section 1 - Getting Started

Important Note!

You must have the remote auxiliary display—RAD— installed on the instrument panel of your aircraft. This is required for FAA certification of the EDM-930 as a primary instrument. Upon start up, the RAD displays the make and model of you aircraft, which must be verified before you can rely on the EDM-930 for use as the primary engine instrument cluster. The RAD also will continuously notify you of any alarm conditions, regardless of whether you have cleared them on the EDM-930 display.

This is not an option!

This is a summary of basic operation. Detailed descriptions of all operations appear later in this Pilot’s Guide.

EDM-930 primary instruments have preset alarm limits and cautionary ranges (user cannot change them) typically for the following measurements: oil temperature, oil pressure, fuel pressure, fuel quantity, cylinder head temperature, turbine inlet temperature, manifold pressure, and RPM. Your EDM-930 contains a custom Key Card. For Primary configurations, the Key Card activates the primary engine instrument abilities of your engine monitor.

Note: Fuel quantity gauges must be calibrated to the aircraft and will not be functional until the fuel calibration process has been performed.

Display View Angle

The best view angle for the pilot is in the horizontal mode with the buttons on the bottom. The best Portrait mode is with the buttons on the right.

View angles are per the table below:

Horizontal Left 65 Degrees Viewing Right 65 Degrees angle Vertical Up 50 Degrees

Down 60 Degrees

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List of abbreviations and acronyms

Message Area

Alarm Abbreviation

Engine Oil Temperature

Gauge Function

Primary Primary

Engine rotational speed RPM xxxx Engine Manifold Pressure MAP xx.x in hg Engine Cylinder Head Temp CHT2 xxxoF

O-T xxxoF

Engine Oil Pressure O-P xxxoF Fuel Pressure F-P xx PSI Fuel Flowto engine F-F xx.x GPH

Comp. Discharge Temp. CDT xxxoF Turbine inlet Temp. Left side TIT-LxxxxoF Turbine Inlet Temp. Right side TIT-R xxxxoF Single Turbine Inlet Temp. TITxxxxoF

Non-Primary Non-Primary

Exhaust Gas Temp. EGT2 xxxxoF Shock Cooling of CHT CLD xxo/MIN Differential Temp. of EGT DIF xxoF Bus Voltage Volts xx.x Amperage Load AMPS xx Outside Air Temp. OAT xxoF Estimated Time to Empty Est. T to E xx:xx H:M Fuel used to date USED xx.x GAL Estimated Remaining fuel Est. REM xx GAL

Estimated Fuel required to Waypoint Est. WP REQ xx GAL

Fuel Flow Compute r Basics

The fuel flow computer tracks the fuel flowing to the engine and computes various values based on this. At installation , then each time you refuel the aircraft, you must inform the EDM about how much

Estimated Fuel Remaining at Waypoint Est. WP RES xx GAL

Nautical Miles per Gallon ECON xx.x MPG Brightness, Dim control DIM/BRT

useable fuel is onboard. This is

done via the REFUEL function. There are three ‘Quickset’ ways to do this:

1. Main 74.0 GAL: MAIN tanks are filled (no other fuel onboard).

2. Main + Aux 94.0 GAL: MAIN +AUX tanks are filled.

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3. Adjust? 0.0 GAL: Partial fuel added to existing quantity. See page 29 for expanded information on the refueling process.

Control Button Basics

Four operating buttons control all functions of the EDM. These buttons change labels depending on the current state of the EDM..

The term tap is used to denote pressing a button momentarily. The term hold is used to denote pressing and holding a button for five seconds or longer.

Display Screen Basics

The display screen is arranged into three sections. The top left is the RPM and MAP section. The bottom left is the Scanner® section. And the right side is the Linear Bar Graphs section. The instrument ranges and alarm limits are configured to match those of your aircraft when the EDM is set up as a Primary instrument.

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Remote Auxiliary Display Basics

The Remote Alarm Display ‘RAD’ provides alarm display, RPM and MAP, and is located directly in front of the pilot. Upon power up, the RAD shows the Aircraft model, engine type and declares instrument status: ‘Primary’ (if applicable). Before each flight, confirm that it matches your aircraft requirements.

RPM and MAP Display Basics

The upper half shows the RPM (Revolutions per Minute) and the lower half shows the MAP (Manifold Pressure). Operations exceeding red line cause the digital value to turn red.

Percent horsepower is displayed digitally below and to the left of the MAP arc.

Linear Bar Graph Display Basics

The Bar Graphs section contains nine dedicated bar graphs with digital display organized in a three by three matrix. An example is shown here. Pointers move up and down in response to value changes and digital readouts turn red when exceedances occur.

Note: functions displayed in this example may differ from your EDM.

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Scanner® Display Basics

The EDM Scanner section is located in the lower left area of the screen. It consists of a graphical display of EGT and CHT (and TIT if so equipped) and a digital display that automatically scans the various parameters. You can select Manual Mode by tapping STEP to lock onto the parameter of interest. To return to Automatic scan mode, tap LF followed by tapping

STEP.

LeanFind Basics

Simply pre-lean, then tap the LF button (Lean Find) and begin leaning. The EDM will assist you in finding the first cylinder to peak. This example is for Rich of Peak. See page 20 for a more detailed description of leaning.

1. Establish cruise at approximately 65 to 75% power and pre-lean the mixture to 50°F estimated rich of peak EGT on any cylinder.

2. Wait about 30 seconds, then tap the LF button.

3. Begin leaning the mixture smoothly without stopping. Turn a vernier about ¼ turn per second; retract a non-vernier or quadrant lever so that EGT rises about 10°F per second.

4. Stop leaning when you see LEANEST for two seconds, followed by—for example—

EGT

1520FF13.8. The left number is the current

temperature of the first EGT to peak and the right number is the current fuel flow.

5. Now tap the PEAK button to display the EGT difference from peak which is very useful for setting desired degrees below peak. Note:

The value for EGT ROP will be a negative value which means you’ve gone lean of peak by the time you stopped leaning the mixture.

6. Slowly enrich the mixture noting that the EGT difference diminishes as EGT climbs back to peak, followed by it going positive again. Stop enriching at the desired EGT difference (such as ‘EGT 75’).

Note: Please refer to the engine manufacturer’s operating guide for

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the correct value for EGT difference rich of peak operation at 75% and 65%

7. You can also see what the peak EGT was by holding the PEAK button.

8. Tap STEP to exit the Lean Find Mode.

Section 2 - Interpreting Data

Operation for each Phase of Flight

(worth adding to your run-up checklist)

Suggested setup:

 Set engine to run-up RPM

Engine Run-Up

Normalize view:

 Manual mode

Verify:

 uniform rise of about 50°F in all EGTs in single

magneto operation.

 uniform rise of EGTs with application of the mixture

control.

Be alert for:

 unusually low voltage (less than nominal battery

voltage)

 cold OIL and normal oil pressure  abnormally high CHT

 large drop in EGT on one cylinder in single magneto

operation—may be fouled spark plug.

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Take-Off, Climb, and Full Throttle Operations

Cruise

Suggested setup:

 Standard view  Automatic mode

Verify:

 EGTs and CHTs consistent with past climbs. EGTs

should be in the 1100 to 1300°F range (100° to 300°F cooler than cruise) due to fuel cooling.

Be alert for:

 high EGT in one cylinder, 300°F above the others may

indicate plugged injector or leaking manifold gasket on a carbureted engine. At high density altitude an overly rich mixture can significantly reduce engine power.

 If all EGT columns go off scale to the top of the

column, be sure you are not in Normalize view, as indicated by the symbol NRM above the Scanner® section.

After the engine is warmed up, use LeanFind to lean the mixture.

Suggested setup:

 Normalize view  Automatic mode

Be alert for:

 uneven EGTs (injected engines). Make fine

adjustments to throttle, then RPM, then mixture to level the display columns.

 abnormal patterns of EGTs and CHT. (see Engine

Diagnosis Chart on page 10).

Suggested setup:

 Standard view  Manual mode

Descent

Be alert for:

 CLD: shock cooling alarm is set to -60°F. Average

cool rates of -40°F/minute to -50°F/minute are normal, depending on the engine size.

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Typical Normal Measurements

The following chart lists typical normal measurement values that you will observe for most general aircraft engines. Your particular engine’s ranges may not fall within these values.

Measurement Normal range Comments

EGTs in Cruise 1350°F

1550°F

EGT span (DIF) 70 to 90°F

120 to 150°F

TIT 1600°F average CHTs 350°F (OAT 60°F)

410°F CHT span 50 to 70°F OIL T 200°F

OIL P 30 to 60 psi FUEL P (injected) 14 to 18 psi FUEL P (carbureted) 0.5 to 8 psi Shock cooling* -40°/minute

-55°/minute

-200°/minute

 under 200 HP engines  high performance engines  (EGT should drop 200°F when

full throttle is applied)

 fuel injected engines  carbureted engines  100° higher than EGT  normally aspirated engines  Turbocharged engines

 100° with gasket probes  oil cooler thermostat typically

opens at 180°F

 varies with aircraft type  varies with aircraft type

 tightly cowled engines  Bonanza  helicopter

* Maintain a cooling rate magnitude of less than -50°/minute. You will find

that the cylinder with the greatest shock cooling may shift from front cylinders (during climb out) to the rear cylinders (during descent ).

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Engine Diagnosis Chart

The following chart will help you diagnose engine problems in your aircraft.

Display Symptom Probable Cause Recommended

Action

TIT ~100° higher than EGTs

This is normal

75° to 100° EGT rise for one cylinder during flight

EGT Increase or decrease after ignition maintenance

Loss of EGT for one cylinder. Engine rough

Loss of EGT for one cylinder; no

digital EGT

Decrease in EGT for one cylinder

Increase in DIF at low RPM

EGT and CHT not uniform

Decrease in EGT for all cylinders

Spark plug not firing due to fouling, faulty plug, wire or distributor.

Improper timing: high EGT  retarded ignition; low EGT  advanced ignition.

Stuck valve. Other cylinders are okay.

Failed probe or failed wire harness.

Intake valve not opening fully; faulty valve lifter.

Low compression (blow by) in cylinder

Normal for carbureted engines. Dirty fuel injectors or fouled plugs.

Decrease in airflow into the induction system. Carb or induction ice.

Enrich mixture to return EGT to normal. Have plugs checked.

Check EGT for each magneto to determine any uneven timing.

Have valve train checked.

Swap probes to determine if probe or wire harness is bad.

Have valve lifter or rocker arm checked.

Check compression.

Check injectors and plugs.

Check for change in manifold pressure.

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Display Symptom Probable Cause Recommended

Action

(no picture)

Slow rise in EGT. Low CHT

High CHT on cylinders on one side of engine

Rapid rise in CHT of one cylinder

Sudden off scale rise for any or all cylinders

Loss of peak EGT

Decrease in peak or flat EGT response to leaning process

Below 10,000 ft. full throttle causes EGTs to rise

CHT more than 500°, EGT normal. Adjacent EGT may be low

Burned exhaust valve. CHT is low due to low power output.

Obstruction under cowling.

Detonation. Reduce power.

Pre-ignition

Normalize view

or failed probe Poor ignition or

vapor in fuel injection system.

Detonation. Usually the result of 80 Octane fuel in 100 Octane engine.

Weak or defective mechanical fuel pump.

Leaking exhaust gasket blowing on CHT probe.

Have compression checked.

Check for improper installed baffling, cowl flap misalignment or bird nests.

Full rich and reduce power. Change to Standard view Check probe

Have magneto tested.

Enrich mixture, reduce power and relean mixture. Repeat to find power setting where normal peak is obtained or run rich.

Apply booster pump. If EGTs drop, replace fuel pump.

Look for white powder around cylinder to determine leak area.

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Section 3 - Displays and Controls

The EDM monitors engine temperatures, pressures and voltages, assists in adjusting the fuel/air mixture, and helps diagnose engine malfunctions. There are multiple components of the user interface:

 Four front panel operating buttons below the bottom of the display.  RPM and MAP display in the upper left corner of the display  Scanner analog display including cylinder number and index square

in the lower left corner of the display

 Scanner digital display for numeric readouts and messages at the

bottom left

 Bar graph displays on the right half of the display

Control Buttons

Four operating buttons control all functions of the EDM. These buttons may change labels depending on the current operating mode of the EDM. The term tap is used to denote pressing a button momentarily. The term hold is used to denote pressing and holding a button for five seconds or longer. Button layout is shown below:

1st Button

 In the Automatic mode, tapping the STEP button stops Scanner auto-

sequencing and changes to Manual mode. Each tap of the STEP button then displays the next measurement in the sequence. Holding the STEP button sequences in reverse order.

 In the LeanFind mode tapping the EXIT button will terminate the

LeanFind mode and change to the Automatic mode.

 In the Program mode tapping the NEXT button will advance to the

next item.

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2ndButton

 In Automatic or Manual modes, tapping the LF button will activate

the LeanFind mode.

 In the LF mode holding the LF button after peak EGT is found will

display the peak EGT.

 In Automatic or Manual modes holding the LF button for three

seconds will toggle between Standard and Normalize (NRM) views.

 In the programming mode, tapping the PLUS or MINUS button will

allow you to edit a parameter value.

 Holding LF during power up will display the primary alarm limits

after the self-test is complete.

1stand 2ndButtons

 Holding both the STEP and LF buttons simultaneously for five

seconds will enter the pilot programming mode.

 Just after entering Lean Find Mode (but before any EGT has risen),

holding both First and Second buttons for five seconds will toggle between LOP or ROP leaning modes.

 Tapping both the STEP and LF buttons simultaneously in Manual

mode toggles to ‘include’ or ‘exclude’ the displayed non-primary measurement from the Automatic mode. Note: Measurements are never excluded from the Manual mode.

3rdButton

 Tapping DIM (brightness decreases) or holding DIM (brightness

increases) allows decrease or increase brightness respectively.

2ndand 3rdButtons

 Holding both the LF and DIM buttons simultaneously will display the

Hobbs readings. Tap button labeled NEXT to see additional information screens.

4thButton ( ALL/EGT/FF )

 Select what is shown during Scanner auto-sequence. Choices are

ALL, EGT or FF. Highlighted one is what is active.

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RPM and MAP Displays

The upper left side of the display shows RPM above the MAP. The arcs represent the analog values. Percent horsepower is shown to the lower left of MAP.

63% HP

Scanner Displays

Scanner EGT and CHT Analog Bar Graph

The height of each column represents a EGT or CHT or TIT (if installed) temperature. The graph resolution depends on the programmed span between the top and bottom of the range marks. Note: when in certain modes, such as leaning or normalize, the EGT resolution will temporarily be finer.

Cylinder Numbers and Index

Just below the bar graph columns are numbers identifying the respective cylinder. If TIT is installed, it is labeled by the letter T underneath. A square ‘Cylinder I.D. Index’ surrounding a number indicates what cylinder is currently selected and relates to the digital display.

Scanner Digital Display

Located under the Scanner bar graph area is the alphanumeric display. It displays alphanumeric values for different parameters as well as status and alarm messages.

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Normalize / Standard View

To toggle between Standard and the Normalize views, hold the LF button for three seconds until the NRM icon toggles on or off. Note: Normalize cannot be activated while in Lean Find mode.

 Standard view (when the NRM icon is not lighted): the EGT

represent absolute temperature. The top of the columns indicate absolute temperature relative to the adjacent range mark temperature scale. A maximum height column depicts the temperature at the top of the range mark scale (or more), while no column represents the temperature at bottom of the range mark scale(or less). The Standard view permits comparison of EGTs across all cylinders.

 Normalize view (when the NRM icon is lighted): the EGT represent

the difference in temperature from the mid-point of the range mark scale. When you change to the Normalize view, all EGT columns are initially normalized to the mid-point for deviation trend analysis. Any changes are shown as an increase or decrease relative to the mid-point, thus giving an instantaneous indication that an EGT has deviated. You normally use normalize in level cruise, but it is also useful during steady state run-ups. Note: A common misapplication is to be in the Normalize view and then change power setting. This causes all columns to go off scale, high or low. Select Standard view before changing power or altitude.

Temperature Units (°F or °C)

The EDM can display engine temps in either °F or °C (Fahrenheit or Celsius). In Primary configurations, this is set to the same units as the configuration the aircraft was originally certified to.

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Linear Bar Graph Displays

The linear bar graphs are arranged in a three by three matrix on the right half of the display. A typical layout is depicted here (Note: your actual configuration may vary). Typical functions that can be displayed are:

 Oil temperature  Oil pressure  Fuel pressure  Bus voltage  Amps (charge/discharge shown)  OAT  Fuel flow  Left tank fuel quantity *  Right tank fuel quantity *

* The fuel quantity gauges will not be functional until the fuel calibration process has

been completed.

The range of the bar graphs depends on the programming. Range, redlines and/or limits are typically set to match the original aircrafts gauge markings. These are locked for Primary installations, however non-primary gauges can be user modified, using ‘EDM Config’ which is currently available through the front panel buttons. Editing of Gauge Layout requires EDM Software version 1.20.489 or later. Note: Amps can operate either as a charge/discharge or load meter, depending on programming. For charge/discharge, the center of the bar is zero and the top and bottom are maximum charge and discharge, respectively.

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Remote Auxiliary Display

See the important note on page 1 regarding the RAD.

The remote auxiliary display ‘RAD’ provides redundancy and allows positioning a smaller display directly in front of the pilot. Upon power up the RAD displays the EDM’s programmed configuration (aircraft make and model and primary status). Confirm that it matches your aircraft configuration before using the instrument. This auxiliary display will normally show RPM and MAP, but will display a blinking alarm message, duplicating the alarm indication of the EDM. For example, low calculated fuel remaining of

7.7 gallons would show:

Hobbs Display

Holding both the LF and DIM buttons simultaneously will display the Hobbs times similar to the example below:

HOBBS Times

EDM HOBBS: 127.4

Engine HOBBS: 120.6

Flight HOBBS: 2.7

Flight Duration: 02:42:21

Dimming the Display

Automatic dimming is provided to dim both the panel display and the remote alarm display. You can manually adjust brightness by tapping (decrease brightness) or holding (increase brightness) the DIM button.

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