Intel SRCMR - RAID Controller, SRCMR User Manual
Intel® RAID Controller SRCMR
User’s Guide
Order Number: A75271-001
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Contents
1 Introduction and General Information
Intended Audience ............................................................................................................. 13
RAID Levels ....................................................................................................................... 13
RAID 0 - Data Striping ............................................................................................... 13
RAID 1 - Disk Mirroring/Disk Duplexing ..................................................................... 14
RAID 4 - Data Striping with a Dedicated Parity Drive ................................................. 15
RAID 5 - Data Striping with Striped Parity.................................................................. 15
RAID 10 - Combination of RAID 1 and RAID 0 .......................................................... 16
Chaining............................................................................................................................. 17
Configuring a Chaining Set Using Storage Console................................................... 17
Configuring a Chaining Set using StorCon+............................................................... 17
Levels of Drive Hierarchy Within the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Firmware.................... 18
Level 1....................................................................................................................... 18
Level 2....................................................................................................................... 18
Level 3....................................................................................................................... 18
Level 4....................................................................................................................... 19
Transparency of Host Drives .............................................................................................. 19
Using CD-ROMs, DATs, Tapes, etc........................................................................... 20
2 Getting Started
What is the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Firmware? ........................................................ 21
Standard Firmware.................................................................................................... 21
RAID Hardware Installation and Setup ............................................................................... 22
Minimum Hardware Requirements............................................................................. 22
Install the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR in the Intel Server Board............................. 22
Programming the Flash Memory................................................................................ 23
Recover the Firmware in the Flash Memory ...................................................... 23
SCSI Termination ...................................................................................................... 24
Termination....................................................................................................... 24
Configurable SCSI Parameters.................................................................................. 25
Choosing a Configuration .......................................................................................... 26
How many Hard Disks should be Integrated into the Disk Array?...................... 26
What Level of Redundancy is Needed? ............................................................ 26
Are Hot Fix Drives Needed?.............................................................................. 27
Intel RAID Controller Hardware Features................................................................... 28
Architechure Features (HW).............................................................................. 28
Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................... 28
Environmental Specifications ............................................................................ 28
Supported Hard Drive Technology .................................................................... 28
Support for Non-Hard-Disk-Drive SCSI Devices
(Non-Direct-Access Devices)...................................................................... 29
Compatible Intel RAID Controllers..................................................................... 30
Operational States of an Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Firmware Disk Array..................... 31
Operational States for RAID 4/5................................................................................. 31
iii
Methods for the Replacement of a Disk Drive..................................................................... 33
Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Quick Start .......................................................................... 34
Make an OS Installation Diskette............................................................................... 34
Install the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR in the Intel Server Board............................. 35
Use Storage Console to Create a RAID Volume........................................................ 36
Set the BIOS Boot Order ........................................................................................... 39
Install the Operating System...................................................................................... 40
Installing Windows 2000.................................................................................... 40
Installing Red Hat Linux 7.1 .............................................................................. 41
Alternative Method to Creating an Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Installation Diskette........ 42
Windows NT .............................................................................................................. 42
Windows 2000........................................................................................................... 42
SCO Unixware†......................................................................................................... 42
How to Use Auto Hot Plug with SAF-TE............................................................................. 43
Setting Up Auto Hot Plug........................................................................................... 43
3 Installing Microsoft Windows NT or Windows 2000
Operating System Installation Procedures.......................................................................... 45
Pre-Installation Requirements Checklist .................................................................... 45
Minimum Hardware Requirements.................................................................... 45
Minimum Software Requirements ..................................................................... 46
Installing an Operating System onto a RAID Volume or Single Disk ......................... 46
Windows 2000 / NT 4.0 Installation Procedures................................................ 47
Installing the OS................................................................................................ 47
Installing an OS onto an IDE or SCSI Disk Drive Not Attached to the
Intel RAID Controller SRCMR..................................................................... 48
Windows 2000 / NT 4.0 Installation Procedures................................................ 48
Upgrading an OS (Windows NT 4.0 to Windows 2000) that is
Currently Installed on a RAID Volume or Single Disk.................................. 49
Installation to an Existing OS ............................................................................ 51
Installing Drivers for your Intel RAID Controller SRCMR..................................................... 51
4 Installing Linux
Before you Begin................................................................................................................53
Available Drivers and Tools on the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Software
Suite CD-ROM .................................................................................................... 53
Assumptions About Path Names ............................................................................... 53
General Installation Notes .................................................................................................. 54
Minimum Hardware Requirements............................................................................. 54
Minimum Hardware Requirements.................................................................... 54
Minimum Software Requirements ..................................................................... 54
Installing Red Hat Linux 7.x on a RAID Volume (Host Drive)............................................. 55
Installing an Intel RAID Controller SRCMR onto an Existing Linux Server.......................... 56
Installation of Driver Sources from the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR CD-ROM ........ 56
GDT Driver Parameters...................................................................................................... 57
Reservation of SCSI Devices..................................................................................... 57
Further Driver Parameters......................................................................................... 58
iv Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
Installation of Intel RAID Controller SRCMR StorCon Monitoring Utility.............................. 59
Installation of StorCon from the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR CD-ROM................... 59
Using StorCon Monitoring Utility ................................................................................ 59
Remote Monitoring with the Intel SRCD Remote Access Service....................................... 60
SRCD Installation Instructions from the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR CD-ROM....... 60
5 Installing Novell Netware
Pre-Installation Requirements Checklist ............................................................................. 61
Minimum Hardware Requirements.................................................................... 61
Minimum Software Requirements ..................................................................... 61
New Installation of NetWare 5.1 ......................................................................................... 62
New Installation of NetWare 5.xx with the SRCRX.HAM Driver ................................. 62
Adding Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Controller(s), Drivers, and/or Storage Console
to an Existing NetWare Installation............................................................................... 63
Installing the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Driver Package...................................... 63
Installing the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Tools Kit Package.................................. 64
Configuring Tools for Remote Access ............................................................... 64
ASPI Support for NetWare 5.1............................................................................................ 64
Tips and Tricks................................................................................................................... 65
Optimize Data Throughput......................................................................................... 65
Cache Memory Allocator Out of Available Memory’ in PCI-ISA Systems ................... 65
NetWare-Server Not Stable When Under High Utilization.......................................... 66
Intel RAID Controller SRCMR and Non-ASPI Compatible Controllers........................ 66
Last Status Information.............................................................................................. 67
Adding Additional Capacity After an Online Capacity Expansion ............................... 67
Notes on ARCserve............................................................................................................ 67
6 Installing UnixWare
General Installation Notes .................................................................................................. 69
Minimum Hardware Requirements............................................................................. 69
Minimum Software Requirements.............................................................................. 69
Installing the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR as an Additional Controller.............................. 70
No Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Has Yet Been Configured for UnixWare................ 70
An Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Has Already Been Configured for UnixWare ......... 70
Installing an Operating System onto a Host Drive or Single Disk........................................ 71
Installation of the RAID Software Suite for UnixWare ......................................................... 71
Coordinates of SCSI Devices ............................................................................................. 72
Host Adapter Number (HA)........................................................................................ 72
UnixWare Bus Number, Target ID and LUN............................................................... 73
Configuration Example...................................................................................... 73
Additional Information......................................................................................................... 74
Contents v
7 Storage Console
StorCon Features ............................................................................................................... 75
StorCon Features Include.......................................................................................... 75
StorCon Is .......................................................................................................................... 75
Loading StorCon ................................................................................................................ 76
Loading the StorCon Program Under NetWare.......................................................... 76
Loading StorCon on a Fileserver ............................................................................... 76
Loading StorCon on a Workstation ............................................................................ 76
Loading the StorCon Program Under Windows NT/2000........................................... 77
Uninstalling the RAID Software Suite......................................................................... 79
Loading the StorCon Program Under Windows 95/98................................................ 80
Loading StorCon Under Linux.................................................................................... 80
Loading StorCon Under SCO UnixWare.................................................................... 81
StorCon.............................................................................................................................. 81
The StorCon Program ........................................................................................................ 81
Select Interface.......................................................................................................... 83
Select Controller ........................................................................................................ 83
Monitor and Express / Advanced Setup..................................................................... 84
Monitor Menu.................................................................................................... 85
Express Setup / Advanced Setup Menus .......................................................... 85
Monitor Menu ..................................................................................................................... 86
View Statistics ........................................................................................................... 86
View Events............................................................................................................... 87
View Hard Disk Info ................................................................................................... 88
The Retries Counter.......................................................................................... 88
The Reassigns Counter..................................................................................... 88
The Grown Defects Counter.............................................................................. 88
Last Status........................................................................................................ 89
Save Information ....................................................................................................... 89
Express Setup.................................................................................................................... 91
Configure Host Drives................................................................................................ 91
Host Drive States .............................................................................................. 91
Configure New Host Drive................................................................................. 93
Host Drive Options............................................................................................ 95
Repair Array Drives ................................................................................................... 97
Advanced Setup ................................................................................................................. 99
Configure Controller................................................................................................... 99
Controller Settings............................................................................................. 99
Firmware Update............................................................................................. 100
Intelligent Fault Bus......................................................................................... 100
Non-Intelligent Enclosures .............................................................................. 101
Advanced Settings .......................................................................................... 102
Cluster Channels............................................................................................. 103
Clear Log Buffer.............................................................................................. 103
vi Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
Configure Physical Devices ..................................................................................... 104
Keyboard Commands ..................................................................................... 104
SCSI Parameter / Initialize .............................................................................. 105
Check Surface ................................................................................................ 106
View Status/Defects........................................................................................ 107
De-initialize Disk.............................................................................................. 107
Lock/Unlock Disk............................................................................................. 107
Enclosure Status............................................................................................. 108
Configure Logical Drives ................................................................................. 110
Keyboard Commands ..................................................................................... 110
Configure Array Drives ............................................................................................ 112
Keyboard Commands ..................................................................................... 112
Change Drive Name........................................................................................ 113
Expand Array Drive......................................................................................... 113
Add RAID 1 Component.................................................................................. 114
Replace Array Component .............................................................................. 114
Remove RAID 1 Component........................................................................... 114
Remove Array Drive........................................................................................ 114
Add Hot Fix Drive............................................................................................ 115
In the Event of a Drive Failure ................................................................................. 115
Remove Hot Fix Drive ..................................................................................... 116
Hot Fix Pool Access ........................................................................................ 116
Parity Verify..................................................................................................... 116
Periodic Parity Verify....................................................................................... 116
Build/Rebuild Progress.................................................................................... 117
Create New Array Drive........................................................................................... 117
Notes on the Configuration of RAID 0, 1, 4, 5 and 10 Arrays Drives................ 119
Configure Host Drives.............................................................................................. 120
Change Drive Name........................................................................................ 120
Swap Host Drives............................................................................................ 120
Remove Host Drives ....................................................................................... 121
Split Host Drive ............................................................................................... 121
Merge Host Drives .......................................................................................... 121
Partition Host Drives ....................................................................................... 121
Overwrite Master Boot Code ........................................................................... 121
Drive Type (Cluster)........................................................................................ 121
8 Storge Console Plus
Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 123
Monitoring of the Whole Subsystem ........................................................................ 123
Remote Configuration and Maintenance.................................................................. 123
The StorCon+ Controls..................................................................................................... 124
The Toolbar ............................................................................................................. 124
The Status Bar......................................................................................................... 125
Window Menu Commands....................................................................................... 125
Help Menu Commands ............................................................................................ 125
File Menu Commands.............................................................................................. 126
Contents vii
View Menu Commands............................................................................................ 126
The Chart Menu....................................................................................................... 126
The Configuration Menu Commands ....................................................................... 127
Select Controller............................................................................................................... 128
Physical Configuration Window................................................................................ 130
Controller Configuration Settings ............................................................................. 132
Change Settings ............................................................................................. 132
Save Information............................................................................................. 132
Firmware Update..................................................................................................... 133
I/O Processors......................................................................................................... 134
Channel Settings............................................................................................. 136
Rescan ID(s)................................................................................................... 136
Hot Plug: Add Disk......................................................................................... 136
Direct Access Devices ............................................................................................. 137
The SCSI Parameter/Initialize ......................................................................... 139
Synchronous Transfer..................................................................................... 139
Disconnect ...................................................................................................... 140
Tagged Queues .............................................................................................. 140
SCSI Read Cache / SCSI Write Cache ........................................................... 140
De-initialize a Physical Disk ............................................................................ 140
Lock / Unlock a Removable Disk..................................................................... 140
Non Direct Access Devices (Raw Devices).............................................................. 141
Logical Configuration Window .......................................................................................... 142
Host Drives.............................................................................................................. 142
Normal Host Drive........................................................................................... 142
Local Mounted Cluster Drive ........................................................................... 143
Remote Mounted Cluster Drive ....................................................................... 143
Private Host Drive Belonging To Another Intel RAID Controller SRCMR......... 144
Array Drives............................................................................................................. 145
Logical Drives.......................................................................................................... 146
Physical Drives ........................................................................................................ 147
The Host Drive Information Window ........................................................................ 147
The Array Drive Information Window ....................................................................... 148
The Logical Drive Information Window..................................................................... 150
Change the Name of a Drive ................................................................................... 151
Remove a Host Drive............................................................................................... 151
Create a New Host Drive......................................................................................... 151
Parity Verify............................................................................................................. 153
Parity Recalculate.................................................................................................... 154
Progress Information ............................................................................................... 154
Expansion of an Array ............................................................................................. 155
Add a Hot Fix Drive.................................................................................................. 157
Remove a Hot Fix Drive........................................................................................... 158
Hot Fix Pool Access................................................................................................. 158
Add a RAID 1 Component (Mirror a Drive)............................................................... 158
Remove a RAID 1 Component (Remove a Mirror Drive).......................................... 159
Replace a Logical Drive........................................................................................... 160
viii Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
The Different States of an Array Drive ..................................................................... 160
The Ready State ............................................................................................. 160
The Idle State.................................................................................................. 161
The Build / Rebuild State................................................................................. 161
The Fail State.................................................................................................. 162
The Error State ............................................................................................... 162
The Statistics Window ...................................................................................................... 163
The Controller Events Window ......................................................................................... 164
StorCon+ Help.................................................................................................................. 165
Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Service and Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Mail ................ 167
9 Getting Help
World Wide Web .............................................................................................................. 173
Telephone ........................................................................................................................ 173
In U.S. and Canada: ................................................................................................ 173
In Europe:................................................................................................................ 173
In Asia-Pacific Region:............................................................................................. 174
In Japan:.................................................................................................................. 174
In Latin America:...................................................................................................... 174
10 Regulatory and Certification Information
Product Regulatory Compliance ....................................................................................... 175
Product Safety Compliance ..................................................................................... 175
Product EMC Compliance........................................................................................ 175
Product Regulatory Compliance Markings............................................................... 176
Electromagnetic Compatibility Notices.............................................................................. 177
FCC Verification Statement (USA)........................................................................... 177
ICES-003 (Canada) ................................................................................................. 178
CE Declaration of Conformity (Europe).................................................................... 178
VCCI (Japan)........................................................................................................... 178
BSMI (Taiwan)......................................................................................................... 179
Canadian Users....................................................................................................... 179
Warnings and Cautions .................................................................................................... 179
Warnings ................................................................................................................. 179
Cautions .................................................................................................................. 179
Figures
1. RAID 0 – Data Striping ............................................................................................. 13
2. RAID 1 - Disk Mirroring............................................................................................. 14
3. RAID 0 - Disk Duplexing........................................................................................... 14
4. RAID 4 ..................................................................................................................... 15
5. RAID 5 ..................................................................................................................... 16
6. RAID 10 ................................................................................................................... 16
7. Jumper Positions for Flash Update and REcovery.................................................... 23
8. Operational State Diagram ....................................................................................... 32
9. Controller Settings.................................................................................................... 47
10. Component Selection (Windows NT)........................................................................ 78
11. Component Selection (Windows 2000)..................................................................... 78
Contents ix
12. Add/Remove Programs (Windows 2000 Example)................................................... 79
13. Select Interface ........................................................................................................ 82
14. Remote Machine ...................................................................................................... 83
15. Select Controller....................................................................................................... 83
16. Monitor and Express Setup / Advanced Setup Menu................................................ 84
17. View Statistics Menu ................................................................................................ 86
18. Physical Drive Statistics ........................................................................................... 86
19. Logfile Name............................................................................................................ 87
20. Controller Events...................................................................................................... 87
21. Hard Disk Information............................................................................................... 88
22. Hard Disk Last Status............................................................................................... 89
23. Save Information ...................................................................................................... 89
24. Screen Service Messages and Async. Events.......................................................... 90
25. Select Host Drive...................................................................................................... 91
26. Choose Type............................................................................................................ 93
27. Create Host Drive Confirmation................................................................................ 93
28. Hard Disk Capacity................................................................................................... 94
29. Drive Status.............................................................................................................. 94
30. Host Drive Options ................................................................................................... 95
31. Array Drive Summary............................................................................................... 97
32. Failed Hard Drive ..................................................................................................... 97
33. Select Drive to Repair .............................................................................................. 98
34. Replace Hard Drive Prompt...................................................................................... 98
35. Add Disk to Array Confirmation ................................................................................ 98
36. Array Drive Summary............................................................................................... 98
37. Array Drive Error State Dialog .................................................................................. 98
38. Controller Settings Dialog......................................................................................... 99
39. Select Enclosure .................................................................................................... 101
40. Enclosure Slots ...................................................................................................... 102
41. Advanced Settings Dialog ...................................................................................... 102
42. Cluster Channels.................................................................................................... 103
43. Select Physical Drive.............................................................................................. 104
44. Initialize Disk .......................................................................................................... 105
45. Disk Initialization Confirmation................................................................................ 106
46. View Status/Defects ............................................................................................... 107
47. Enclosure Status .................................................................................................... 108
48. Enclosure Slots ...................................................................................................... 108
49. Block Diagram of a SAF-TE Subsystem. ................................................................ 109
50. Select Logical Drive................................................................................................ 110
51. Select Physical Drive.............................................................................................. 110
52. Create Single Drive ................................................................................................ 111
53. Drive Size............................................................................................................... 111
54. Select Array Drive .................................................................................................. 112
55. Array Drive Menu ................................................................................................... 112
56. Expand Array Dialog .............................................................................................. 113
57. Remove Drive Confirmation ................................................................................... 114
58. Progress Information.............................................................................................. 116
59. Create New Array Drive.......................................................................................... 117
60. Choose Type.......................................................................................................... 118
x Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
61. Strip Size................................................................................................................ 118
62. Choose Build Type................................................................................................. 118
63. Create Array Drive Confirmation............................................................................. 118
64. Drive Size Dialog.................................................................................................... 119
65. Array Drive Status .................................................................................................. 119
66. Host Drive Configuration ........................................................................................ 120
67. Host Drive Cluster .................................................................................................. 121
68. StorCon+ Plus Toolbar........................................................................................... 124
69. Status Bar .............................................................................................................. 125
70. Window Menu ........................................................................................................ 125
71. Help Menu.............................................................................................................. 125
72. File Menu ............................................................................................................... 126
73. View Menu ............................................................................................................. 126
74. Chart Menu ............................................................................................................ 126
75. Physical Configuration Menu.................................................................................. 127
76. Logical Configuration Menu.................................................................................... 127
77. Refresh Rate Settings Dialog ................................................................................. 127
78. Logical Configuration Menu.................................................................................... 128
79. Select Controller..................................................................................................... 129
80. Sockets .................................................................................................................. 129
81. Physical Configuration Icon .................................................................................... 130
82. Example of a Physical Configuration and the Controller Settings ........................... 130
83. Controller Icon........................................................................................................ 131
84. Controller Settings Dialogs ..................................................................................... 131
85. Processor Information ............................................................................................ 135
86. Physical Drive Information...................................................................................... 138
87. Logical Configuration.............................................................................................. 142
88. Host Drive Information Window .............................................................................. 147
89. Array Drive Information Window............................................................................. 148
90. Logical Drive Information Window .......................................................................... 150
91. Create a New Host Drive........................................................................................ 152
92. Array Build Information Dialog................................................................................ 153
93. Parity Verify............................................................................................................ 153
94. Parity Verify Progress Information.......................................................................... 154
95. Logical Configuration.............................................................................................. 156
96. Add Hot Fix Drive ................................................................................................... 157
97. Add RAID 1 Component......................................................................................... 159
98. The Ready State .................................................................................................... 160
99. The Idle State......................................................................................................... 161
100. The Build / Rebuild State........................................................................................ 161
101. The Fail State......................................................................................................... 162
102. The Error State ...................................................................................................... 162
103. Statists Window Icon.............................................................................................. 163
104. Statists Window...................................................................................................... 163
105. Controller Events Window Icon .............................................................................. 164
106. Controller Events.................................................................................................... 165
107. StorCon+ Help ....................................................................................................... 166
108. Services ................................................................................................................. 167
109. RAID Configuration Services.................................................................................. 168
Contents xi
110. RAID Configuration Service Add/Remove Users.................................................... 169
111. RAIDMail................................................................................................................ 170
112. Log File Name........................................................................................................ 170
113. Workstation Names................................................................................................ 171
114. RAID Mail Utility ..................................................................................................... 172
Tables
1. Disk Drive SCSI Parameters........................................................................................ 25
2. RAID Level, Array Type, and Hard Disk Requirements ................................................ 26
3. RAID Level, Hard Drives, and Usable Storage Capacity .............................................. 26
4. Hardware Architecture ................................................................................................. 28
5. Electrical Specifications ............................................................................................... 28
6. Environmental Specifications ....................................................................................... 28
7. Supported SCSI Hard Disk Drive Standards ................................................................ 29
8. Disk, Volume, and Array Limitations............................................................................. 30
9. Operational States ....................................................................................................... 31
10. Additional Operational States....................................................................................... 33
11. Disk Drive Replacement Options ................................................................................. 33
12. Linux Path Names........................................................................................................ 53
13. UnixWare Bus Number, Target ID and LUN................................................................. 73
14. Host Drive Types ......................................................................................................... 82
15. Controller Settings ....................................................................................................... 99
16. Advanced Settings..................................................................................................... 103
17. View Status/Defects................................................................................................... 107
18. Toolbar Icons ............................................................................................................. 124
19. Configuration Menu Refresh Settings......................................................................... 128
20. Controller Settings ..................................................................................................... 132
21. I/O Processor Icons ................................................................................................... 134
22. Direct Access Device Icons........................................................................................ 137
23. Data Transfer Rates................................................................................................... 139
24. Non Direct Access Devices........................................................................................ 141
25. Host Drive Icons......................................................................................................... 142
26. Array Drive Icons ....................................................................................................... 145
27. Logical Drive Icons..................................................................................................... 146
28. Physical Drive Icon .................................................................................................... 147
29. Event Window Icons .................................................................................................. 164
xii Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
1 Introduction and General Information
Intended Audience
To use this product you should have experience in configuring computer equipment. For example,
you should be able to install and configure your operating system (OS) to recognize peripherals and
you should be able to use software utilities to configure and troubleshoot those installed
components. Be sure that you are familiar with the installation and setup of the OS that you are
installing. For detailed OS installation procedures, consult the documentation that came with
the OS.
Read and adhere to all warnings, cautions, and notices in this guide and the other documents in the
user documentation set supplied with this product.
RAID Levels
RAID 0 - Data Striping
Data blocks are split into stripes based on the adjusted stripe size (for example, 128 KB) and the
number of hard disks. Each stripe is stored on a separate hard disk. Significant improvement of the
data throughput is achieved using this RAID level, especially with sequential read and write.
RAID 0 includes no redundancy. When one hard disk fails, all data is lost. RAID 0 requires a
minimum of two disks.
NOTE
✏
In the following figures, the SCSI connections are those on the server board since Intel® RAID
Controller SRCMR is a zero channel RAID adapter.
Figure 1. RAID 0 – Data Striping
13
RAID 1 - Disk Mirroring/Disk Duplexing
All data is stored twice on two identical hard disks. When one hard disk fails, all data is
immediately available on the other without any impact on performance and data integrity.
With Disk Mirroring (Figure 2) two hard disks are mirrored on one I/O channel. If each hard disk
is connected to a separate I/O channel, it is called Disk Duplexing (Figure 3).
RAID 1 represents an easy and highly efficient solution for data security and system availability. It
is especially suitable for installations that are not too large (the available capacity is only half of the
installed capacity). RAID 1 requires a minimum of two disks.
Figure 2. RAID 1 - Disk Mirroring
Figure 3. RAID 1 – Disk Duplexing
14 Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
RAID 4 - Data Striping with a Dedicated Parity Drive
RAID 4 works in the same way as RAID 0. The data is striped across the hard disks and the
controller calculates redundancy data (parity information) that is stored on a separate hard disk
(P1, P2). Should one hard disk fail, all data remains fully available. Missing data is recalculated
from existing data and parity information.
Unlike in RAID 1 only the capacity of one hard disk is needed for redundancy. For example, in a
RAID 4 disk array with 5 hard disks, 80% of the installed hard disk capacity is available as user
capacity, only 20% is used for redundancy. In systems with many small data blocks, the parity hard
disk becomes a throughput bottleneck. With large data blocks, RAID 4 shows significantly
improved performance. RAID 4 requires a minimum of three disks.
Figure 4. RAID 4
RAID 5 - Data Striping with Striped Parity
Unlike RAID 4, the parity data in a RAID 5 disk array are striped across all hard disks. The
RAID 5 disk array delivers a balanced throughput. Even with small data blocks, which are very
likely in a multi-tasking and multi-user environment, the response time is very good. RAID 5
offers the same level of security as RAID 4. When one hard disk fails, all data is still fully
available. Missing data is recalculated from the existing data and parity information. RAID 4 and
RAID 5 are particularly suitable for systems with medium to large capacity requirements, due to
their efficient ratio of installed and available capacity. RAID 5 requires a minimum of three disks.
Introduction and General Information 15
Figure 5. RAID 5
RAID 10 - Combination of RAID 1 and RAID 0
RAID 10 is a combination of RAID 0 (Performance) and RAID 1 (Data Security). Unlike RAID 4
and RAID 5, there is no need to calculate parity information. RAID 10 disk arrays offer good
performance and data security. As in RAID 0, optimum performance is achieved in highly
sequential load situations. Identical to RAID 1, 50% of the installed capacity is lost through
redundancy. RAID 10 requires a minimum of four disks.
16 Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
Figure 6. RAID 10
Chaining
The Intel RAID Controller SRCMR firmware supports Drive Chaining (also referred to as Disk
Spanning). Drive Chaining is the process of linking several individual drives to form a large single
drive. Chaining is only available after having selected two or more drives in the Storage Console or
StorCon+. Chaining is an inexpensive method to obtain a large logical unit from many smaller disk
drives.
WARNING
Using logical drives of the type chain as components of array drives is not recommended.
WARNING
Disk Chaining does not offer any form of data protection.
Configuring a Chaining Set Using Storage Console
1. Select Create New Host Drive
2. Select 2 or more drives
3. Press and select Chaining
Configuring a Chaining Set using StorCon+
1. Click on the New host drive icon.
2. Select the Configuration menu, then Host Drive, Create New. A new host drive window
appears.
3. Select a drive(s) using <Shift> and arrow keys. Chaining is greyed out before selecting 2
drives and is available after selecting 2 drives.
4. Select Chaining and press <Enter>.
The System will configure the chain set that is now a logical drive.
Introduction and General Information 17
Levels of Drive Hierarchy Within the Intel RAID Controller
SRCMR Firmware
The Intel RAID Controller SRCMR firmware is based on four fundamental levels of hierarchy.
Each level has its “own drives” (components). The basic rule is to build up a “drive” on a given
level of hierarchy. The “drives” of the next lower level of hierarchy are used as components.
Level 1
Physical drives are hard disks and removable hard disks. Some Magneto Optical (MO) drives are
located on the lowest level. Physical drives are the basic components of all “drive constructions”.
However, before they can be used by the firmware, these hard disks must be “prepared” through a
procedure called initialization. During this initialization each hard disk receives information which
allows an univocal identification even if the SCSI ID or the controller is changed. For reasons of
data coherency, this information is extremely important for any drive construction consisting of
more than one physical drive.
Level 2
On the next higher level are the logical drives. Logical drives are introduced to obtain full
independence of the physical coordinates of a physical device. This is necessary to easily change
the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR and the channels, IDs, without loosing the data and the
information on a specific disk array.
Level 3
On this level of hierarchy, the firmware forms the array drives. Depending on the firmware
installed an array drive can be:
• Single Disks: one disk or a JBOD (just a bunch of drives)
• Chaining sets (concatenation of several hard disks)
• RAID 0 array drives
• RAID 1 array drives, RAID 1 array drives plus a hot fix drive
• RAID 4 array drives, RAID 4 array drives plus a hot fix drive
• RAID 5 array drives, RAID 5 array drives plus a hot fix drive
• RAID 10 array drives, RAID 10 array drives plus a hot fix drive
18 Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
Level 4
On level 4, the firmware forms the host drives. Only these drives can be accessed by the host
operating system of the computer. The firmware automatically transforms each newly installed
logical drive and array drive into a host drive. This host drive is then assigned a host drive number
which is identical to its logical drive or array drive number.
The firmware is capable of running several kinds of host drives at the same time. For example, in
Windows
single hard disk. On this level the user may split an existing array drive into several host drives.
After a capacity expansion of a given array drive the added capacity appears as a new host drive on
this level. It can be either used as a separate host drive, or merged with the first host drive of the
array drive. Within Storage Console, each level of hierarchy has its own menu:
Level 1 - Configure Physical Devices
Level 2 - Configure Logical Drives
Level 3 - Configure Array Drives
Level 4 - Configure Host Drives
Generally, each installation procedure passes through these 4 menus, starting with level 1.
Installation includes the initializing the physical drives, configuring the logical drives, configuring
the array drives (for example, RAID 0, 1, 4, 5 and 10) and configuring the host drives.
†
2000, drive C is a RAID 5 type host drive (consisting of 5 SCSI hard disks), drive D is a
Transparency of Host Drives
The structure of the host drives installed with StorCon (see Chapter 7, Storage Console) is not
known to the operating system. For example, the operating system does not recognize that a given
host drive consists of a number of hard disks forming a disk array.
To the operating system this host drive simply appears as one single hard disk with the capacity of
the disk array. This complete transparency represents the easiest way to operate disk arrays under
the operating system. Neither operating system nor the PCI computer need to be involved in the
administration of these complex disk array configurations.
Introduction and General Information 19
Using CD-ROMs, DATs, Tapes, etc.
A SCSI device that is not a SCSI hard disk or a removable hard disk, or that does not behave like
one, is called a Non-Direct Access Device. Such a device is not configured with StorCon and does
not become a logical drive or host drive. SCSI devices of this kind are either operated through the
Advanced SCSI programming Interface (ASPI) (MS-DOS
or are directly accessed from the operating system (UNIX
NOTE
✏
Hard disks and removable hard disks are called Direct Access Devices. However, there are some
Non-Direct Access Devices, for example, certain MO drives, which can be operated just like
removable hard disks if they have been appropriately configured (for example, by changing their
jumper settings).
†
, Windows, Novell NetWare† or OS/2†),
†
, Windows NT†).
20 Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
2 Getting Started
What is the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Firmware?
We refer to firmware as the operating system which controls the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR
with all its functions and capabilities. The firmware exclusively runs on the Intel RAID Controller
SRCMR and is stored in the Flash-RAM on the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR PCB. The
controlling function is entirely independent of the PCI computer and the host operating system, and
does not drain computing power or time from the PCI computer. According to the system
requirements needed, the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR is available with three firmware variants.
The firmware is either already installed on the controller upon delivery, or can be added as an
upgrade.
Unlike pure software solutions, for example, for Windows NT, the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR
is a pure hardware RAID solution. All Intel RAID Controllers are equipped with hardware which
is well suited for disk arrays. The Intel RAID Controller SRCMR firmware uses this hardware with
efficiency and therefore allows you to configure disk arrays that do not load the host computer
(whereas all software-based RAID solutions more or less reduce the overall performance of the host
computer).
The basic concept of the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR firmware is strictly modular, and
consequently, in its functioning it appears to the user as a unit construction system.
Standard Firmware
In addition to simple controlling functions regarding SCSI hard disks or removable hard disks, this
version of firmware supports disk chaining and array drive configuration (data striping (RAID 0)
and disk mirroring or duplexing (RAID 1)).
WARNING
Disk chaining does not offer any form of data protection.
21
RAID Hardware Installation and Setup
Minimum Hardware Requirements
• Computer with CD-ROM drive (not attached to the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR).
®
Computer must be on the supported hardware list (for example, Intel
• One available 64-bit, 66MHz, Zero channel RAID compatible PCI slot.
• PCI 2.2 compliant System BIOS.
• SCSI hard disk drive(s) (the minimum required to meet desired RAID level).
Install the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR in the Intel
Server Board
The Intel RAID Controller SRCMR comes ready to be inserted into the computer system. The
RAID firmware has already been programmed into the flash memory.
WARNING
SHOCK HAZARDS may be present inside the unit in which this card is being installed.
Disconnect all power cords to the unit before removal of any covers. Follow the warnings noted
in your computer’s user or service manual before installing this board. ONLY after all the
covers are reinstalled should you reattach the power cords and power up the unit for the software
installation and use.
SCB2 server board).
NOTE
✏
Take precautions to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage before handling the Intel RAID
Controller SRCMR.
The Intel RAID Controller SRCMR uses the SCSI controller on the server board so there are no
SCSI cables to connect to the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR.
Install the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR into the zero channel RAID capable PCI slot. Refer to
your board documentation for details. The example below refers to the Intel SCB2 server board.
1. Shut down the system.
2. Turn the power off.
3. Insert the Intel RAID controller in the first PCI slot of either the 1-slot (SR1200 chassis) or
3-slot (SR2200 chassis) PCI riser card used on the P64-B PCI segment.
22 Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
Programming the Flash Memory
The Intel RAID Controller SRCMR normally comes ready to be immediately installed into the
computer server board. However, you may need to reprogram the RAID Firmware that’s located in
the flash memory of the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR. Refer to Chapter 7, Firmware Update for
a normal reprogram of the firmware.
In case the firmware should become corrupted and will not initialize, you will need to recover the
firmware in the flash memory using the following procedure.
Recover the Firmware in the Flash Memory
1. Set the Intel RAID Controller’s IOP to Reset (Flash Recovery) mode:
WARNING
Shock hazards may be present inside the unit in which this card is being installed. Disconnect
all power cords to the unit before removal of any covers. Follow the warnings noted in your
computer’s user or service manual before installing this board. ONLY after all the covers are
reinstalled should you reattach the power cords and power up the unit for the software
installation and use.
a. Take all precautions to prevent ESD damage before handling the Intel RAID Controller
SRCMR.
b. Power off all system components and disconnect their power cords.
c. Remove the cover from the system to gain access to the PCI slots.
d. Remove the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR from your system.
e. On jumper block J2B1 move the jumper from position 2-3 to position 1-2 (see Figure 7).
Re-install the adapter in the PCI slot in which it was previously installed.
f. Replace the cover, reconnect all power cords, and power up the system.
123 123
Normal-Run /
"Flash Update"
Figure 7. Jumper Positions for Flash Update and REcovery
J2B1
Reset /
"Flash Recovery"
2. Flash the firmware.
Using the RAID Software Suite CD-ROM:
a. Boot the computer with the bootable Intel RAID Controller SRCMR Software CD-ROM.
b. At the main menu, select the Update Firmware option.
c. The FRU utility will automatically start up, and pause at the license agreement. Press
<Enter> to continue.
d. The FRU utility will pause to ensure that the IIR Controller has been placed in reset mode
(see step 1 above). If the adapter is in reset mode, press <y> to continue, otherwise press
<n>, shut down the system, and perform step 1 above.
e. The FRU utility at this point will automatically update to a set version of the Intel RAID
Controller SRCMR firmware.
Getting Started 23
NOTE
✏
When the message Press Ctrl-C to interrupt Firmware Update process appears, this indicates that
the user can interrupt the firmware update process. If the firmware update process is interrupted
the user can then type fru -o to overwrite the existing firmware with a new image and serial
number. This process is used to resolve serial number conflicts in clustering, array roaming, or
merging.
If the firmware requires updating, it will continue and prompt for reboot when complete (note that
this update can take up to 3 minutes to complete). If the firmware has been previously updated, the
FRU will notify the user that the StorCon is to be used for future. The user is then notified to
reboot the system.
3. Reset the jumper to run mode.
a. Power off all system components and disconnect power cords.
b. Remove the system cover.
c. Remove the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR from your system.
d. On Jumper block J2B1 move jumper from position 1-2 to position 2-3. Reinstall Intel
RAID Controller SRCMR in the PCI slot in which it was previously installed. Reattach the
SCSI drives to the adapter card.
e. Replace the cover, reconnect all power cords, and power up the system.
f. Boot the system. (Your firmware has now been successfully restored).
SCSI Termination
Termination
This is a commonly overlooked requirement when connecting SCSI devices together. When these
devices are connected together, the resulting set of devices is typically referred to as a SCSI bus.
SCSI devices such as hard disks and tape drives must be terminated if they are the last physical
devices at either end of the SCSI bus (if nothing else is actively terminating the end of the bus such
as a terminator or backplane). If a device is inserted into the middle of the SCSI bus, then it (the
device itself) should not be terminated. Only terminate each end of the bus. The Intel RAID
Controller SRCMR zero channel RAID design lowers cost by utilizing the SCSI controller and
connectors that are integrated into the system’s motherboard.
24 Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
Configurable SCSI Parameters
When a SCSI hard disk drive is initialized the first time by the RAID controller, its SCSI
parameters are automatically set to their optimal settings. Manual configuration is not required.
However, the RAID controller allows for the custom configuration of several SCSI parameters on a
hard disk drive-by-hard disk drive basis. There are several settings that can be configured by using
the Storage Console menu Advanced SetupÅConfigure Physical DevicesÅSelect Physical Drive
ÅSCSI Parameter/Initialize. Most settings are set automatically and can not be configured
manually.
Table 1. Disk Drive SCSI Parameters
Parameter Setting/Value Description
Synch. Transfer Not
Configurable
This setting when enabled allows the controller to operate in
synchronous transfer mode.
Synch. Transfer
Rate
Disconnect Not
Tagged Queues Not
Disk Read and
Write Cache
Domain
Validation
Not
Configurable
Configurable
Configurable
On / Off For performance reasons, the Read Ahead and Write cache of the hard
Not
Configurable
Allows for the setting of the speed for the SCSI hard disks (160 MB/sec
for U160 drives). No matter the setting, the SCSI bus will negotiate the
fastest speed up to this setting. Lowering the setting will force the disk
drive to transfer at the lower speed.
Enabling this setting allows for the disk drive to disconnect from the
SCSI bus when it’s not participating in a transfer. This allows for
optimal bus utilization by all devices on the bus.
When enabled, this feature allows the SCSI disk drive to execute more
than one command at a time.
disk drives should always be on.
Using the <F4> key while in this menu accesses this parameter. When
this is set to On, Domain validation allows for a cyclical check of the
correct data transfer at a given rate.
Getting Started 25
Choosing a Configuration
How many Hard Disks should be Integrated into the Disk Array?
The maximum number of physical drives in a disk array is determined by the number of physical
drives the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR can run. The minimum number of hard disks required
for any array depends of the RAID level you wish to realize. The desired usable disk space of the
disk array as well as the issues discussed in the following sections (What Level of Redundancy is
Needed and Are Hot Fix Drives Needed) have a direct impact on the number of physical hard disks
needed for an array.
Table 2. RAID Level, Array Type, and Hard Disk Requirements
Minimum Number of
RAID Level Disk Array Type
RAID 0 Data Striping 2
RAID 1 Disk Mirroring 2
RAID 4 Data Striping with Parity Drive 3
RAID 5 Data Striping with Striped Parity 3
RAID 10 Data Striping and Mirroring 4
What Level of Redundancy is Needed?
RAID 0 (data striping) provides no redundancy but has high data throughput. With RAID 1 (disk
mirroring) the data is 100% redundant because it is mirrored on other SCSI hard disks. RAID 1
provides the highest level of redundancy, but is also the most expensive solution. A combination of
RAID levels 0 and 1 is RAID 10. Two RAID 0 stripe sets are mirrored. If one drive fails, the data
is available on the mirrored drive.
Hard Disks Required
With RAID 4 (data striping with a dedicated parity drive) and RAID 5 (data striping with parity
striped across all RAID disks), parity information is calculated from the data with a simple
mathematical operation (eXclusive OR, XOR), and stored either on one dedicated drive (RAID 4)
or to all drives (RAID 5). Should one drive fail, the data of the defective drive can be reconstructed
using the remaining user data and the previously calculated parity data. RAID levels 4, 5 and 10
can tolerate the failure of one drive just as RAID 1, however RAID 4, RAID 5 or RAID 10 are less
expensive because of their efficient ratio of available to installed capacity.
Table 3. RAID Level, Hard Drives, and Usable Storage Capacity
Available
Capacity with
RAID Level
RAID 0 2 GB 3 GB 4 GB 5 GB
RAID 1 1 GB 1 GB 1 GB 1 GB
RAID 4 NA 2 GB 3 GB 4 GB
RAID 5 NA 2 GB 3 GB 4 GB
RAID 10 NA NA 2 GB NA
*Each hard drive is assumed to have 1 GB capacity.
2 Hard Disks*
Available
Capacity with
3 Hard Disks*
Available
Capacity with
4 Hard Disks*
Available
Capacity with
5 Hard Disks*
26 Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
Are Hot Fix Drives Needed?
Assume that one of the hard disks of the RAID 5 disk array fails (Hot fix drives are available with
RAID 1, 4, 5, and 10 arrays) The disk array is without redundancy. Time Without Redundancy
(TWR) starts to run. Any unnecessary prolongation of the TWR (the time required to get a
replacement drive, or because you did not immediately recognize the failure) increases the risk of
data loss which will occur should a second drive fail. Therefore, redundancy should be restored as
soon as possible and in an automated manner. Integrating a Hot Fix drive (also referred to as hot
spare) as an immediately available and auto-replacing drive is the most effective way to keep the
TWR as short as possible. Only a hot fix drive can ensure optimal disk array security and constant
data availability.
Using a hot fix drive is not compulsory. If you control the disk array at regular intervals and
immediately replace a defective drive (by shutting down the system or hot-plugging), you can
operate your system without a hot fix drive.
Getting Started 27
Intel RAID Controller Hardware Features
This section provides a summary of the key features, configuration options, and support interface
technology supported by the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR.
Architechure Features (HW)
Table 4. Hardware Architecture
Component Features
I/O Microprocessor The 80302 uses the 100 Mhz Intel® 80960J-100 core with a 64 bit/66MHz internal
bus, which can pump 528 MB/sec of data to and from the internal IOP peripherals.
Cache Memory The 80302 IOP supports up to 5512MB of 64 bit 100 MHz ECC SDRAM operating at
66MHz. The Intel RAID Controller SRCMR utilizes 32MB of embedded memory.
Flash Memory 3.3v, 16Mb (2MB) flash memory chip is used to store the RAID firmware.
I/O Interface (PCI) PCI 2.2 compliant, universally keyed for 3.3 and 5 volt PCI slots.
PCI Transfer Rate 528 MB/sec (Burst.)
PCI Signaling 5 or 3.3 volt.
Electrical Characteristics
Table 5. Electrical Specifications
Attribute Measurements
Voltage Requirements +5, 3.3 Volts (all +/- 5% tolerance)
Power Consumption +5V @ 0.25 Amps = 1.25W
+3.3V @ 2.5 Amps = 8.25W
Environmental Specifications
Table 6. Environmental Specifications
Environmental Stress Test Required Conditions
Thermal: Non-Operating -40 °C (Celsius) to +70 °C
Humidity: Non-Operating 50% to 92% Relative Humidity, non-condensing at 25 °C to 50 °C
for 120 hours
Operating Temperature & Voltage
Shmoo
Form Factor (physical dimensions) Height: 56 mm (2.20 inches)
-5 °C to 60 °C and
+/- 6% V
Weight: 167 mm (6.57 inches)
Shmoo
cc
Supported Hard Drive Technology
The RAID adapter supports up to 15 SCSI devices per SCSI channel. It supports up to 15 hard disk
drives (or 14 hard disks if one of the SCSI ID’s is occupied by a SAF-TE processor) per channel of
the SCSI controller (30 disk drives total for the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR; assuming dual
channel SCSI controller on the server board).
28 Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
The adapter supports both Single-ended (SE) and Low Voltage Differential (LVD) hard disk
drives but it is recommended that you use only one type of drive technology (SE or LVD) on any
one channel at a time. Each is explained below. The RAID adapter is designed to optimally utilize
an Ultra 60 SCSI controller implementation on the server board; yet, it is backward compatible with
older SCSI hard disk drive specifications.
NOTE
✏
If both SE and LVD devices are attached to the same channel/bus, the entire bus must operate at
the single ended mode speed of the slower device. See Table 7 for the maximum cable length
distances that apply to each mode.
Table 7. Supported SCSI Hard Disk Drive Standards
Maximum Cable
Length (meters)
SCSI Drive
Standard
SCSI-1
Fast SCSI
Fast Wide SCSI 20 16 3 (3) 16
Ultra SCSI
Ultra SCSI
Wide Ultra SCSI 40 16 NA (3) 16
Wide Ultra SCSI 40 16 1.5 NA 8
Wide Ultra SCSI 40 16 3 NA 4
Ultra2 SCSI
Wide Ultra2
Ultra160 (Ultra3) 160 16 (4) 12 16
NOTES:
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2, 4)
(4)
1. May be exceeded in Point-to-Point and engineered specific applications.
2. Use of the word “Narrow”, preceding SCSI, Ultra SCSI, or Ultra2 SCSI (for example, Narrow SCSI) is
optional.
3. LVD was not defined in the original SCSI standards for this speed. If all devices on the bus support LVD,
then 12-meters operation is possible at this speed. However, if any device on the bus is single-ended only,
then the entire bus swtiches to single-ended mode and the distances in the single-ended column apply.
4. Single-ended is not defined for speeds beyond Ultra.
5. After Ultra2, all new speeds are wide only.
Speed
(MB/Sec)
586(3)8
10 8 3 (3) 8
20 8 1.5 (3) 8
20 8 3 NA 4
40 8 (4) 12 8
80 16 (4) 12 16
Bus Width
(Bits)
SingleEnded LVD
1
Adapter Maximum
Devices per SCSI
Channel
The preceding information is based on the “STA-Endorced Terms & Terminology for SCSI Parallel
Interface Technology” specification published by the SCSI Trade Association. It can be viewed at:
http//www.scsita.org/terms/scsiterms.html
Support for Non-Hard Disk Drive SCSI Devices (Non-Direct Access Devices)
The Intel RAID Controller SRCMR will pass through to the host operating system direct access to
non-direct access SCSI devices which are connected to a SCSI bus (channel) of the RAID
Controller. The RAID controller passes through all control of these devices to the host operating
system.
Getting Started 29
Types if supported Non-Direct-Access SCSI devices (this doesn’t cover specific vendors and
models):
• SAF-TE Processors
• Tape Backups
• CD-ROMs
• Scanners
Compatible Intel RAID Controllers
This Intel RAID Controller SRCMR is compatible with the following Intel RAID Controllers using
firmware version 31 and above. All Intel RAID Controllers using earlier firmware versions are not
compatible.
• SRCU31A
• SRCU31LA
NOTE
✏
Compatible refers to the ability of the Intel RAID Controller SRCMR to read the RAID
configuration information located on hard disk drives that are members of RAID arrays that have
been created on compatible adapters. Thus RAID arrays created on compatible adapters are
interchangeable between the adapters (Array Roaming).
Adapter Device Limitation Support:
• RAID arrays contain
Host Drives (at least 1 and up to 16 maximum)
Hard Disk Drives up to 30 maximum spanning both channels (all host drives that are
created on an existing RAID array will have their capacity evenly distributed across all
member disk drives of the RAID array)
• Host Drives
Can span across both channels
Can not span across RAID arrays
Table 8. Disk, Volume, and Array Limitations
Adapter Device Limitations
Per Adapter Per RAID Channel Per RAID Array Per Host Drive
Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min
Hard Disk
Drives
RAID Arrays 16 15 1
Host Drives 16 16 16 1
Note:
1. Each Host Drive can only be associated with one RAID Array
2. To create a new RAID array you must initially create a Host Drive selecting the hard disk drives (thar are
30 Intel RAID Controller SRCMR User’s Guide
30 15 30 1 30
available and not already memebers of a RAID array) that you wish to be members of the new RAID array.
2
1
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