Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance 1520 User Manual

Intel® NetStructure™ 1520 Cache Appliance

Administrator’s Guide

Intel Corporation 5200 N. E. Elam Young Parkway Hillsboro, Oregon 97124-6497

No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Intel Corporation. INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OR ANY OTHER RIGHTS OF THIRD PARTIES OR OF INTEL, FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OTHERWISE ARISING OUT OF ANY SPECIFICATION, DOCUMENTATION, SOFTWARE OR OTHER MATERIALS REFERENCED HEREIN. Nothing in this document constitutes a guarantee, warranty or license to any intellectual property right, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise. Intel makes no representations or warranties and speciﬁcally disclaims all liability as to this document or the information contained herein with respect to: (i) liability for infringement of any proprietary rights, including without limitation, intellectual property rights; (ii) sufﬁciency, reliability, accuracy, completeness or usefulness of same; and (iii) ability or sufﬁciency of same to function accurately as a representation of any standard. Furthermore, Intel makes no commitment to update the information contained in this document, and Intel reserves the right to make changes at any time, without notice, the information contained in this document. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. IN NO EVENT SHALL INTEL BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, LOST PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, COMPUTER FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION, OR LOST INFORMATION) SUFFERED AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE PRODUCT.

Intel® cache products may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to deviate from published speciﬁcations. Current characterized errata are available on request.

*Other product and corporate names may be trademarks of other companies and are used only for explanation and to the owners’ beneﬁt, without the intent to infringe.

July 2000 A29914-001

Contents

Preface ix

Who should read this manual ................................................................... x

Conventions used in this manual.............................................................. x

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

What is an Intel® NetStructure™ Cache Appliance? ............................... 2

Why use this caching appliance?....................................................... 2

Flexible cache architecture ................................................................2

Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance features ..................................... 3

How to use this guide ............................................................................... 5

Chapter 2 Getting Started 7

Starting the system for the first time ......................................................... 8

Accessing the Manager UI .....................................................................12

Using Monitor and Configure mode .................................................13

Using online help.............................................................................. 15

Accessing the command-line interface................................................... 15

Verifying that caching works................................................................... 15

Changing passwords .............................................................................. 15

Chapter 3 Monitoring Appliance Performance 17

Accessing monitor pages .......................................................................18

Using the Dashboard page..................................................................... 18

Dashboard alert lights ...................................................................... 19

Changing the selected node ............................................................20

Using the Node page.............................................................................. 20

Using the Graphs page........................................................................... 21

Using the Protocols page .......................................................................21

Using the Cache page ............................................................................ 21

iii

Using the ARM page .............................................................................. 21

Using the Other page ............................................................................. 22

Using the MRTG page ........................................................................... 22

Chapter 4 Configuring the Appliance 23

Accessing configure pages .................................................................... 24

Using the Server Basics page................................................................ 24

Setting general options.................................................................... 25

Setting Web management options .................................................. 26

Setting virtual IP addressing options ............................................... 26

Setting browser auto configuration options ..................................... 28

Setting throttling of network connections......................................... 28

Configuring load-shedding............................................................... 28

Enabling SNMP agents ................................................................... 29

Using the Protocols page ....................................................................... 30

Configuring HTTP............................................................................ 30

Configuring NNTP ........................................................................... 31

Configuring FTP .............................................................................. 34

Using the Cache page............................................................................ 35

Cache activation .............................................................................. 35

Storage ............................................................................................ 36

Freshness........................................................................................ 36

Variable content............................................................................... 38

Using the Security page ......................................................................... 39

Using the Routing page.......................................................................... 39

Setting HTTP parent caching options.............................................. 40

Setting ICP options.......................................................................... 41

Setting server accelerator options ................................................... 43

Checking transparency.................................................................... 44

Checking WCCP.............................................................................. 44

Using the Host Database page .............................................................. 44

Configuring the host database......................................................... 45

Configuring DNS.............................................................................. 47

Using the Snapshots page ..................................................................... 47

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Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Chapter 5 Using the Command-Line Interface 49

Starting the command-line interface....................................................... 50

Starting the appliance the first time.................................................. 50

Using the appliance after initial start-up ........................................... 50

Navigating the command-line interface .................................................. 51

Using the setup menu............................................................................. 52

Changing network addresses configuration ..................................... 52

Changing the controller speed and transmission mode ................... 53

Changing the DNS address and domain name................................ 53

Changing the gateway address........................................................ 53

Configuring time zone settings......................................................... 54

Configuring date and time settings................................................... 54

Viewing current network address settings........................................ 54

Using the main menu.............................................................................. 54

Checking the status of the Server and Manager.............................. 55

Starting the appliance ......................................................................55

Stopping the appliance..................................................................... 55

Viewing and maintaining versions of the software ........................... 56

Clearing statistics ............................................................................. 59

Rebooting the System...................................................................... 60

Halting the System ........................................................................... 60

Changing the administrator password for telnet or serial access..... 60

Resetting to factory settings............................................................. 61

Preparing a cache disk..................................................................... 61

Using the config menu............................................................................ 61

Setting general controls ...................................................................62

Configuring protocol options ............................................................63

Configuring the cache ...................................................................... 76

Configuring security options............................................................. 82

Configuring routing options .............................................................. 84

Configuring the Adaptive Redirection Module (ARM) ......................93

Configuring the host database options............................................. 96

Configuring logging options.............................................................. 98

Contents v

Using the monitor menu ......................................................................... 99

Viewing Node statistics.................................................................... 99

Viewing Protocol statistics ............................................................. 100

Viewing Cache statistics................................................................ 104

Viewing Other statistics ................................................................. 105

Using the expert menu ......................................................................... 107

Using the save menu ........................................................................... 108

Using the load menu ............................................................................ 108

Using the logoff menu .......................................................................... 108

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Problems 109

Rebooting your system ........................................................................ 110

Rebooting your system from the CLI ............................................. 110

Upgrading software .............................................................................. 111

Appendix A Caching Solutions and Performance 113

Web proxy caching............................................................................... 114

A day in the life of a cache request ............................................... 114

Ensuring cached object freshness................................................. 115

Revalidating objects ...................................................................... 116

HTTP object freshness tests ......................................................... 116

Deciding whether to serve HTTP objects ...................................... 117

Configuring HTTP freshness options............................................. 118

Caching HTTP alternates .............................................................. 119

To cache or not to cache? ............................................................. 119

Transparent proxy caching................................................................... 120

Serving requests transparently...................................................... 121

Interception strategies ................................................................... 121

ARM redirection............................................................................. 125

Adaptive interception bypass......................................................... 126

Server acceleration .............................................................................. 128

Advantages of server acceleration ................................................ 129

How server acceleration works...................................................... 129

Retrieving requested documents................................................... 129

Web server redirects ..................................................................... 131

Understanding server acceleration mapping rules ........................ 132

Examples of rules and translations................................................ 133

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Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Understanding cache hierarchies ......................................................... 135

HTTP cache hierarchies................................................................. 135

ICP cache hierarchies .................................................................... 136

NNTP cache hierarchies ................................................................ 137

News article caching............................................................................. 138

The appliance as a news server ....................................................139

The appliance as a caching proxy news server ............................. 139

Supporting several parent news servers........................................ 139

Blocking particular groups.............................................................. 140

Clustering ....................................................................................... 140

Transparency ................................................................................. 141

Posting ........................................................................................... 141

Maintaining the cache: updates and feeds..................................... 141

Configuring Access control ............................................................142

Obeying NNTP control messages.................................................. 143

Client bandwidth throttling.............................................................. 143

Carrier-class architecture .....................................................................143

Performance................................................................................... 143

High-availability .............................................................................. 145

Node fault tolerance ....................................................................... 147

Expansion capabilities.................................................................... 147

Centralized administration.............................................................. 148

Appendix B Error Messages 151

HTML messages sent to clients ...........................................................152

Standard HTTP response messages ...................................................154

Glossary 157

Index 163

List of

Procedures

Initially configuring and starting your system............................................ 8

Accessing the Manager UI .....................................................................12

Reaching Monitor pages......................................................................... 18

Reaching the Dashboard page............................................................... 18

Changing the selected node................................................................... 20

Reaching the Node Page .......................................................................20

Reaching the Graphs page..................................................................... 21

Reaching the Protocols page .................................................................21

Contents vii

Reaching the Cache page...................................................................... 21

Reaching the ARM page ........................................................................ 22

Reaching the Other page ....................................................................... 22

Reaching the MRTG page ..................................................................... 22

Reaching the configure pages ............................................................... 24

Reaching the Server Basics page.......................................................... 24

Modifying the Virtual IP address list ....................................................... 27

Adding a Virtual IP address.................................................................... 27

Reaching the Protocols page ................................................................. 30

Reaching the Cache page...................................................................... 35

Reaching the Security page ................................................................... 39

Reaching the Routing page.................................................................... 40

Adding an ICP Peer ............................................................................... 42

Creating a document route rewriting rule ............................................... 43

Reaching the Host Database page ........................................................ 44

Reaching the Snapshots page ............................................................... 48

Changing network address configuration on the NIC............................. 52

Changing speed and transmission mode............................................... 53

Changing the DNS address ................................................................... 53

Changing the gateway address.............................................................. 53

Configuring the time zone setting........................................................... 54

Configuring the date and time settings................................................... 54

Checking Server and Manager status.................................................... 55

Starting the appliance ............................................................................ 55

Stopping the appliance........................................................................... 55

Identifying which versions of the appliance software are installed......... 56

Setting up the FTP server ...................................................................... 56

Starting the upgrade from the appliance side ........................................ 57

Running a different version of the appliance software ........................... 58

Deleting a version of the appliance software ......................................... 59

Viewing the current version of the appliance ......................................... 59

Clearing statistics for the appliance ....................................................... 59

Rebooting the system ............................................................................ 60

Halting the system.................................................................................. 60

Changing the password ......................................................................... 60

Resetting the appliance to default factory settings................................. 61

viii Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

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Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Preparing a cache disk ........................................................................... 61

Setting general controls.......................................................................... 62

Configuring HHTP options...................................................................... 63

Configuring NNTP options...................................................................... 64

Adding NNTP server rules...................................................................... 65

Configuring the FTP options................................................................... 71

Adding filter rules.................................................................................... 72

Deleting filter rules.................................................................................. 74

Viewing filter rules ..................................................................................74

Adding remap rules ................................................................................74

Deleting remap rules ..............................................................................75

Viewing remap rules ............................................................................... 75

Enabling caching for different protocols .................................................76

Setting disk storage options ...................................................................77

Setting freshness properties................................................................... 77

Adding caching rules .............................................................................. 79

Deleting cache rules ............................................................................... 81

Viewing cache rules................................................................................ 82

Adding IP Allow rules.............................................................................. 82

Deleting IP Allow rules............................................................................ 82

Viewing IP Allow rules ............................................................................83

Adding Manager Allow rules................................................................... 83

Deleting Manager Allow rules................................................................. 84

Viewing Manager Allow rules .................................................................84

Enabling parent proxy caching rules ......................................................89

Disabling parent proxy caching rules...................................................... 89

Adding parent proxy caching rules ......................................................... 89

Deleting parent proxy caching rules ....................................................... 91

Viewing parent proxy caching rules........................................................ 92

Enabling WCCP...................................................................................... 92

Disabling WCCP..................................................................................... 92

Configuring WCCP options..................................................................... 92

Viewing current WCCP options ..............................................................93

Enabling transparent redirection............................................................. 93

Disabling transparent redirection............................................................ 93

Adding ARM bypass rules ...................................................................... 94

Contents ix

Deleting ARM bypass rules.................................................................... 95

Viewing ARM bypass rules .................................................................... 95

Configuring load-shedding options......................................................... 96

Configuring host database options......................................................... 96

Viewing host database options .............................................................. 98

Enabling logging options ........................................................................ 98

Disabling logging options ....................................................................... 98

Configuring logging options.................................................................... 98

Viewing logging options ......................................................................... 99

Viewing node statistics........................................................................... 99

Viewing protocol statistics .................................................................... 100

Viewing Cache statistics ...................................................................... 104

Viewing host database statistics .......................................................... 105

Viewing DNS statistics ......................................................................... 106

Viewing cluster statistics ...................................................................... 106

Viewing logging statistics ..................................................................... 107

Entering expert mode........................................................................... 107

Saving the current configuration to a floppy disk ................................. 108

Loading a previously saved configuration from a floppy ...................... 108

Logging off the system ......................................................................... 108

Rebooting the appliance from the CLI.................................................. 110

Rebooting the appliance from the front panel ...................................... 110

x Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Preface

This manual describes how to use and conﬁgure an Intel® NetStructure™ Cache Appliance system (referred to as “appliance” in this manual) either as a single node or as a cluster of nodes.

The manual covers the following topics:

◆

Chapter 1

◆

Chapter 2

monitoring, and conﬁguring the appliance.

◆

Chapter 6

with the appliance.

◆

Appendix A

and features of the appliance.

◆

Appendix B

contains an overview of the appliance and an overview of this guide. through

contains information to help you troubleshoot problems you might have

contains background information about the appliance’s main components

provides error information.

Chapter 1

contain procedural information about starting,

Who should read this manual

This manual is intended for system administrators who conﬁgure, run, and administer Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance systems. Consequently, the information in the manual was written with the assumption that the reader has experience in Web server administration and conﬁguring TCP/IP networking.

Conventions used in this manual

This manual uses the following conventions.

Convention Purpose

italics Represent emphasis and introduce terms, for example,

“the management cluster.”

bold

monospaced font

monospaced bold

monospaced italic

brackets [ ] Represent optional command arguments in command

Represents graphical user interface options and menu names, for example, “

Represents commands, file names, file content, computer input, and output, for example, “use the command.”

Represents commands that you should enter literally, for example, type

Represents variables for which you should substitute a value, for example, “enter a

syntax, for example,

Reset

reboot

add pathname

”

filename

reconfigure

.”

[size]

xii

Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Chapter 1

Introduction

The Intel® NetStructure™ Cache Appliance is a carrier -class caching appliance that offers high performance, high availability, and simple centralized management. The appliance automatically and efﬁciently copies network documents and images, bringing them closer and serving them faster to your users.

When placed strategically in a network, the appliance can serve user requests for objects from its cache or the caches of neighboring appliances rather than have requests served from an origin server. This relief results in improved network performance, and a perceived higher quality of service. At the same time, the appliances reduce Internet bandwidth usage by eliminating redundant requests for popular documents.

This chapter provides the following overviews:

◆

What is an Intel® NetStructure™ Cache Appliance?‚ on page 2

◆

Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance features‚ on page 3

◆

How to use this guide‚ on page 5

What is an Intel® NetStructure™ Cache Appliance?

Internet users request billions of documents each day all over the world. Unfortunately, global data networking has become difﬁcult for professionals as they struggle with overloaded servers trying to keep pace with society’s growing data demands.

The Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance family provides you with a turnkey, scalable solution you can place in your network to deliver industry-leading caching capabilities. Your system is designed for fast and reliable caching for Internet Service Providers (ISPs), backbone providers, and large intranets.

Why use this caching appliance?

Caching can signiﬁcantly reduce pressure on busy networks and servers by storing copies of popular documents near their users. Instead of making multiple requests for the same document across congested networks to overloaded servers, users access copies from the caching appliance’s large, fast local cache. This reduces backbone congestion, provides faster response, and improves the quality of service.

The following design features make the Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance a carrier-class caching product:

✔

Speed (the ability to handle thousands of simultaneous user connections)

✔

Scalability (you can easily add nodes to a management cluster as needed)

✔

Fault tolerance (redundant boot images)

✔

Secure single-point administration (you can conﬁgure many nodes at once)

See

Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance featur es‚ on page 3

about these features.

for more information

Flexible cache architecture

You can use the appliance alone or with other enterprise software, including other caching products. Here are some examples of ways to use the appliance.

Web proxy cache

User requests go to the appliance on the way to the destined web server . If the cache contains the requested document, the appliance serves the requested document directly. If the cache does not have the desired document, the appliance acts as a proxy, fetching the document from the web server on the user’s behalf, and keeps a copy to satisfy future requests.

Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Server accelerator

The appliance can be conﬁgured as a web server to accelerate slower traditional web servers. Documents stored in cache are served at high speed, while documents not in cache are requested on demand from slower, traditional web servers. This

proxy

Part of an HTTP cache hierarchy

The appliance can participate in ﬂexible cache hierarchies, where Internet requests not fulﬁlled in one cache can be routed to other regional caches, taking advantage of the of nearby caches.

ICP sibling

The appliance supports the standard Internet Cache Protocol (ICP) to interoperate with existing ICP cache hierarchies. The appliance can send ICP queries to neighboring caches as part of an ICP cache hierarchy.

NNTP news cache

The appliance caches and serves NNTP news articles and can accept news feeds for designated news groups.

server accelerator

feature is also called

reverse

Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance features

The appliance provides a rich set of features to ensure high performance and superior stability and to offer broad ﬂexibility. The following list provides a brief overview of the appliance’s primary features. For a more exhaustive list and description of features, refer to

Scalability

The appliance scales from a single node into multiple-node you to improve system performance and reliability simply by adding more nodes to your cluster. Support exists for two types of clusters: and

management-only clustering

Clustering‚ on page 140

Boot Image Redundancy

The appliance features both a primary and secondary boot image on separate hard drives. When a drive with a boot image fails, a system administrator can detect and replace the faulty hard drive. This feature helps maximize the time your system is up and running uninterrupted.

Carrier-class architecture‚ on page 143

. For more information on clustering, see

clusters

, allowing

soft clustering

Chapter 1

Introduction

Multithreading process support

The appliance is the ﬁrst commercial caching proxy server to aggressively implement multithreading, breaking down large transactions into small, efﬁcient tasks. The appliance processes multiple outstanding requests simultaneously and efﬁciently, even under peak loads.

High-speed caching

The cache consists of a high speed object database stored on raw disk. Objects are stored and indexed according to their URL and associated headers. This enables the appliance to store, retrieve, and serve not only web pages, but parts of web pages, providing optimum bandwidth savings.

Broad protocol support

The Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance supports the following protocols:

✔

HTTP versions 0.9 through 1.1

✔

FTP

✔

NNTP

✔

ICP

✔

SSL encryption

✔

WCCP 2.0

HTTP cache hierarchy support

In a hierarchy of proxy servers, the appliance can act either as a parent or child cache, either to other Intel NetStructure Cache Appliances, or to other caching products.

Web server acceleration

Through reverse proxy, the appliance can act as a web server accelerator, handling requests for and relieving stress from web servers.

Transparency option

With transparent interception of user trafﬁc, user requests are automatically injected into the cache on their way to the eventual destination. Users request Internet data as usual without any browser conﬁguration, and the appliance automatically serves their requests.

Secure, single-point administration

The appliance offers two administration alternatives to suit the needs of different environments:

✔

Browser-based interface

: The Manager User Interface (UI) offers

password-protected, single-point administration for an entire cluster.

✔

Command-line interface

: The command-line interface lets you conﬁgure the system’s network addresses and lets you control, conﬁgure, and monitor the appliance.

Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

SNMP Network Management

The appliance can be monitored and managed through SNMP network management facilities. The appliance supports two management information bases (MIBs). The ﬁrst, MIB-2 is a well known standard MIB. The second, the proprietary Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance MIB provides more speciﬁc node and cluster information.

Performance reporting

You can get performance statistics at a glance from the Manager UI or from the command-line interface.

How to use this guide

The rest of this guide contains three parts: background information, procedural chapters, and reference appendixes.

To find out about … See …

Procedures how to get started Starting the system for the first time‚ on

page 8

how to use the Manager UI Accessing the Manager UI‚ on page 12

how to monitor and configure the appliance using the Manager UI

how to use the command line interface

how to upgrade software Installing a new version of the appliance

how to troubleshoot system problems

Appendices background information including

web proxy caching, transparent proxy caching, server acceleration, cache hierarchies, news article caching, and carrier-class architecture

error messages Appendix B‚ Error Messages

Using Monitor and Configure mode‚ on page 13

Accessing the command-line interface‚ on page 15

software‚ on page 56

Chapter 6‚ Troubleshooting Problems

Appendix A‚ Caching Solutions and Performance

Chapter 1

Introduction

Getting Started

This chapter contains the following sections:

◆ Starting the system for the ﬁrst time‚ on page 8

◆ Accessing the Manager UI‚ on page 12

◆ Accessing the command-line interface‚ on page 15

◆ Verifying that caching works‚ on page 15

◆ Changing passwords‚ on page 15

Chapter 2

Starting the system for the first time

Before you can start the Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance, make sure it is physically connected properly. Connections include:

✔ Connecting to the network through the primary network interface. ✔ Connecting a Terminal Emulator or Concentrator to the appliance’s COM1

port using the serial cable that came packaged with the appliance.

✔ Attaching the supplied power cord to the appliance and plugging the cord into

an approved receptacle.

You can ﬁnd instructions on how to physically set up your system in the Intel

NetStructure Cache Appliance Quick Start.

Note Safety regulations and warranty require that the front bezel mounts and panel

must be in place during operation of the appliance. Once you have made the physical connections, you can initially conﬁgure your

appliance and start it up.

▼ Initially conﬁguring and starting your system

1 From the Terminal Emulator or Serial Concentrator, make sure you are

emulating a VT100 terminal. Use these port speciﬁcations for the connection:

✔ 9600 baud ✔ 8 data bits ✔ No parity ✔ 1 stop bit ✔ Hardware ﬂow control

2 From the window emulating the VT100 terminal, open the connection to the

appliance.

3 Power on the appliance by pressing the power button, located behind the front

bezel. Supplying power to the appliance starts the initial boot process. The initial boot process takes approximately three to four minutes. During this time random characters might appear on the screen of your VT100 terminal emulator.

Note See the Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Quick Start for locations of

controls and physical features on your system.

8 Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

After your system completes the boot procedure, a console login prompt appears with ﬁelds for both a login and password. At the prompt, supply

admin for both the login and password, and press Enter.

5 After you login, the VT100 terminal emulator screen displays this initial set

of menu selections.

—setup Initial Intel Cache Setup

install Install Intel Cache commit Commit Setup Changes

Use the arrow keys to select setup and press the Enter key.

Note For information on how to navigate within the CLI, refer to Navigating the

command-line interface‚ on page 51.

7 The setup menu appears. This menu allows you to conﬁgure network and

time parameters as well as view settings you have entered.

—network Configure Network

timezone Configure Time Zone time Configure Date and Time view View Settings

Use the arrow keys to select network and press the Enter key. The following network setup ﬁelds appear:

Enter IP Address 192.168.1.10______________ Enter Hostname Intel-NetStructure-Cache__ Enter Netmask 255.255.255.0_____________ Enter Nameserver IP __________________________ Enter Gateway IP 192.168.1.1_______________ Enter Domain _________________________

In each ﬁeld supply an appropriate value and press the Enter key. Pressing the Enter key moves the cursor to the next ﬁeld. After you have supplied values for all six ﬁelds, press CTRL+X to save your changes and return to the previous menu.

10 The bottom of the screen displays a message that indicates the setup has

completed. When the message appears, entries to the screen have been successfully changed and stored. The menu on this screen should appear as follows:

network Configure Network

–timezone Configure Time Zone

time Configure Date and Time view View Settings

Chapter 2 Getting Started 9

Note

Use the arrow keys to highlight timezone and press the Enter key. Pressing the Enter key causes a scrollable list of av ailable timzones to appear . Here is a partial list:

–United States Eastern

United States Central United States Mountain United States Pacific

Use the arrow keys to scroll through the available zones and highlight the appropriate zone for your area. After highlighting the applicable zone, press the Enter key. Next, press any key to save your selection and return to the previous screen as follows:

network Configure Network timezone Configure Time Zone

–time Configure Date and Time

view View Settings

In order for the timezone change to become effective, the appliance must be rebooted. A reboot operation occurs later during the initial setup.

13 Use the arrow keys to highlight time and press the Enter key. Pressing the

Enter key causes the following ﬁelds to appear:

Enable(1)/Disable(0) Daylight Savings Time__

Currently Inside (1)/Outside(0) Daylight Savings Time__

Enter Time [HH:MM:SS] __:__:__ Enter Date [MM/DD/YYYY] __/__/__

Set your Daylight Savings T ime options. Then enter the time using a 24-hour format (e.g., for 2:14:56 PM enter 14:14:56). For each part of the format, you must press Enter to accept the value and to move to the next part of the ﬁeld. For example, after entering the two-digit hour value, pressing Enter causes the value to be accepted and positions the cursor over the minutes part of the time ﬁeld. Supply the date using the MM/DD/YYYY format. After supplying the date, press the CTRL-X key combination to save your changes and return to the previous menu as follows:

network Configure Network timezone Configure Time Zone time Configure Date and Time

–view View Settings

From this menu you can select view to verify the network and time information you have entered. After you are sure all the information you ha v e entered is correct, press the CTRL-X key combination twice to move back to the main menu as follows:

setup Initial Intel Cache Setup

–install Install Intel Cache

commit Commit Setup Changes

From the main screen, highlight install and press the Enter key. Selecting install causes the settings to be written to the boot image. During the

10 Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Note

installation, the bottom of the screen keeps you apprised of the installation’s progress.

17 After the installation is complete, use the arro w ke ys to position the cursor on

commit as follows:

setup Initial Intel Cache Setup install Install Intel Cache

–commit Commit Setup Changes

Pressing the Enter key starts the ﬁnal phase of the initialization process as well as the cache application. The bottom of the screen indicates that the cache application has started and prompts you to press the Enter key a second time.

19 When the Initialization Complete! prompt appears, press the Enter

key to reboot the appliance. Rebooting the appliance takes several minutes. During the reboot process, random characters might appear in the window of the VT100 terminal emulator screen.

20 After your system completes the boot procedure, a console login prompt

appears with ﬁelds for both a login and password. At the prompt, supply

admin for both the login and password, and press Enter.

21 After the login completes, the initial menu appears with additional selections:

setup Initial Intel Cache Setup

–main Main Intel Cache Controls

config Intel Cache Configuration monitor View Statistics expert Enter Expert Mode save Save Config to Floppy load Load Config from Floppy logoff Logoff

The system starts with factory settings. You can further conﬁgure or customize the appliance by following the guidelines in Chapter 4‚ Conﬁguring the Appliance.

Once the software is running, you can access the system through a web browser by using the system’s IP Address with an appended :8081 as the URL. For information on accessing the manager UI, refer to Accessing the Manager UI‚ on page 12.

Chapter 2 Getting Started 11

Accessing the Manager UI

The Manager UI is a browser-based interface, consisting of a series of web pages. Use the Manager UI to monitor performance and conﬁgure and ﬁne-tune selected nodes in your cluster. You can access any node in the cluster through the same Manager UI.

▼ Accessing the Manager UI

1 Open your web browser.

The Manager UI requires Java and JavaScript; be sure to enable Java and JavaScript.

2 Point your browser at this location, where nodename is the IP address you

have assigned to the appliance or the qualiﬁed DNS name. If the appliance is part of a cluster, you will be logging into that speciﬁc node:

http://nodename:8081/

3 Provide your appliance administrator’s ID and password. By default, the

administrator ID is that you change the default administrator ID and password. You can change these values by using the Security page. For information on how to use the

Security page, see Using the Security page‚ on page 39.

Note Should you forget your password, contact Customer Service at Intel

Corporation for assistance. For information on how to contact Intel Customer Service, see the Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Product Support booklet that came with your system.

Note Changing ID and password values by using the Manager UI changes those

values for the node you are logging into only. Furthermore, changing the ID and password for the Manager UI does not change the ID and password for telnet access. You must use the command-line interface (CLI) to change the telnet ID and password for the node.

The Manager UI appears in your browser in the default monitor mode. The

Dashboard page, as shown Figure 1, is the default page. From the MONITOR and CONFIGURE tabs to the left of the Dashboard page, you

can reach all other Manager UI pages.

admin and the password is admin. It is recommended

12 Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Figure 1 The Dashboard page

Using Monitor and Configure mode

The Manager UI has two modes, Monitor and Conﬁgure: ✔ In Monitor mode, view performance statistics and graphs. To access Monitor

mode, click the top of the MONITOR tab.

✔ In Conﬁgure mode, view and modify the appliance’s conﬁguration options.

To access Conﬁgure mode, click the top of the CONFIGURE tab.

Chapter 2 Getting Started 13

Figure 2 shows the control frame buttons for both the Monitor and Conﬁgure modes.

Monitor mode frame

Figure 2 The Monitor and Conﬁgure Control Frames

Configure mode frame

When you are in Monitor mode, you can access all the pages that report information about the appliance’s performance. With the exception of the information on the Dashboard page, information on the Monitor pages pertain to the selected node. You can change nodes at any time by returning to the Dashboard and clicking the node of your choice. For information about how to use each of the performance screens, see Accessing monitor pages‚ on page 18.

When you are in Conﬁgure mode, you can access pages that change system conﬁguration values for the selected node. Each time you click the Make These

Changes button the selected node’s conﬁguration is updated.

Note It is recommended that you save current conﬁguration values before making any

changes. To save and restore an entire set of conﬁguration ﬁles, refer to Using the

Snapshots page‚ on page 47. For information about all the values you can set in Conﬁguration mode, see Chapter 4‚ Conﬁguring the Appliance.

14 Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Using online help

Both the MONITOR and CONFIGURE tabs have a Help page button. When you click the Help page button, the online help opens in another browser window. Each of the Manager UI pages has online help available.

Accessing the command-line interface

You can access the command-line interface using one of two methods: ✔ Provide a serial connection to the Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance

machine. Refer to the Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Quick Start Guide for detailed information.

✔ Access the machine through a telnet connection. This method requires you to

enter a telnet Administrator ID and password. Refer to Changing the administrator password for telnet or serial access‚ on page 60 for information on this ID and password.

For information on using the command-line interface, refer to Chapter 1‚ Using the Command-Line Interface.

Verifying that caching works

After starting the appliance, you should verify that it is up and running. To see if the appliance is processing HTTP requests, do the following:

1 From the Monitor tab in the Manager UI, click the Protocols button. 2 Make a note of the current HTTP User Agent Total Document Bytes

statistic.

3 Set your browser to the Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance proxy port. 4 Browse the Internet. 5 Check the HTTP User Agent Total Document Bytes value.

This value should have increased if caching is working.

Changing passwords

Two IDs and passwords exist for each appliance: one to access the Manager UI and one to access the CLI when you are connected to the appliance through a telnet or serial connection. By default, the appliance uses admin for both the Administrator’s ID and password in each case.

For a given Manager UI session, an ID and password are required the ﬁrst time you access an appliance or the cluster, or when you attempt to connect to a node through a telnet connection. The Administrator’s ID and password are unique for each node in the cluster. It is recommended that you change the default

Chapter 2 Getting Started 15

Administrator’s ID and password for both telnet and Manager UI access as soon as possible after installing each node.

To change the password for the Manager UI, see Using the Security page‚ on

page 39. To change the password for the telnet or serial connection, see Changing the administrator password for telnet or serial access‚ on page 60.

16 Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

Chapter 3

Monitoring Appliance Performance

This chapter describes how to use the Manager UI to collect and interpret performance statistics on the Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance.

This chapter contains the following sections:

◆ Accessing monitor pages‚ on page 18

◆ Using the Dashboard page‚ on page 18

◆ Using the Node page‚ on page 20

◆ Using the Graphs page‚ on page 21

◆ Using the Protocols page‚ on page 21

◆ Using the Cache page‚ on page 21

◆ Using the ARM page‚ on page 21

◆ Using the Other page‚ on page 22

◆ Using the MRTG page‚ on page 22

Accessing monitor pages

The Manager UI uses monitor pages to present performance information on the selected appliance and the cluster as a whole. A monitor page is a browser page displayed as a result of “clicking” on a page button in the Manager UI. By default, the Manager UI starts in monitor mode (as opposed to conﬁgure mode), which displays Monitor page buttons.

▼ Reaching Monitor pages

1 Open your browser to the Manager UI. 2 Enter the Administrator ID and password. By default, the Administrator ID is

admin and the password is also admin. Intel recommends that the

administrator change these values when the appliance is initially installed.

Note Should you forget your password, contact Customer Service at Intel

Corporation for assistance. For information on how to contact Intel Customer Service, see the Intel that came with your system.

3 Click on a MONITOR tab.

Note Some performance displays rely on Java. To use the Monitor pages or any

other pages in the UI, make sure your browser is set to enable Java and JavaScript.

Information displayed on the monitor mode pages fall into two categories: information for the selected node in the cluster, and information for the cluster as a whole. To view information on a given node, you need to access that node as described in Changing the selected node‚ on page 20.

NetStructure Cache Appliance Product Support booklet

Using the Dashboard page

The Dashboard page provides a concise vie w of the appliance and of the cluster. The page displays all nodes in the cluster by name and tracks essential statistics for each node. In the list of nodes, a single node is currently selected. Its name appears in black text without underlining, while the rest of the node names appear appear as hypertext links.

▼ Reaching the Dashboard page

1 Be sure you are in monitor mode. If not, click the MONITOR tab. 2 Click the Dashboard page button.

Note By default, the Dashboard page appears after you log onto Manager UI with

your Administrator ID and password.

Node-

speciﬁc

information

18 Intel NetStructure Cache Appliance Administrator’s Guide

With the exception of the information on the Dashboard page and the cluster information on the Node page, performance information pertains to a single node.

+ 146 hidden pages