Information in this document is provided in connection with Intel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual
property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Intel’s Terms and Conditions of Sale for such products, Intel assumes no liability
whatsoever, and Intel disclaims any express or implied warranty, relating to sale and/or use of Intel products including liability or warranties relating to
fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. Intel products are not
intended for use in medical, life saving, or life sustaining applications.
Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice.
Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked "reserved" or "undefined." Intel reserves these for
future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them.
The IQ80960RM/RN may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to deviate from published specifications.
Current characterized errata are available on request.
Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order.
Copies of documents which have an ordering number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature may be obtained by calling 1-800-
548-4725 or by visiting Intel’s website at http://www.intel.com.
B-2IQ80960RM Schematics List ....................................................................................................B-2
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Platform Board Manualv
Introduction
This manual describes the IQ80960RM and IQ80960RN evaluation platforms for Intel’s i960®
RM/RN I/O processor. The i960 RM/RN I/O processors combine an 80960JT c ore with two PCI
bus interfaces , as well as a m emory controller, DMA ch an nels, an in terrup t contro ller interf ace,
and an I
64-bit primary PCI and s econdary P CI buse s while the 80960 RM uti lizes bot h a 32 -bit prim ary and
secondary PCI bus . The IQ8096 0RM a nd IQ80960RN pl at forms are full-l ength PCI adapte r boards
and are 8.9” in height to accommodate four standard PCI connectors on the secondary PCI bus.
The boards can be installed in any PCI host system tha t complies with the PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.1. PCI devices can be connected to the secondary bus to build powerful
intelligent I/O subsystems.
Figure 1-1. IQ80960RM/IQ80960RN Platform Function al Block Diagram
2
C serial bus. The difference between the two processors is that the 80960RN utilizes
Secondary PCI Slot 4
Secon dary PCI Slot 3
Secondary PCI Slot 2
1
Battery
Backup
Support
Secondary PCI Slot 1
SDRAM (x72)
Logic Analyzer Interface
i960® RM/RN
I/O Processor
Primary PCI Bus 32/64-bits
Secondar y PC I
Bus 32/64-bits
ROM Bus
Flash
ROM
Logic
Analyzer
Interface
Console
Port
RS-232
Serial Port
UART
User
LED
LED
Register
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual1-1
Introduction
Figure 1-2. IQ80960RN Platform Physical Diagram
64-Bit Secondary PCI Slo ts
J4
J3
J2
J1
J5
J8J9J10J11J12
U9
Logic Analyzer Connec tors
i960
U15
168-Pin SDRAM DIMM Socket
RS-232 Serial Port
Flash Memory
SW1
1 2 3 4
OFF
J6
U11
®
64-Bit PCI
CR1 CR2
CR3 CR4 CR5
JTAG Port
NiCd Batteries
J7
1-2IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
Introduction
1.1i960® RM/RN I/O Processor and IQ80960RM/RN
Features
The i960 RM/RN I/O processor serv es as the mai n component of a high performance, PCI-based
intelligent I/O subsystem. The IQ80960RM and IQ80960RN platforms allow the developer to
connect PCI devices to the i960 RM/RN I/O processors usi ng the four secondary PCI expa nsi on
connectors. The features of the IQ80960RM and IQ80960RN platforms are enumerated below and
shown in Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2.
• i960 RM/RN I/O processor
• Modified PCI long-card form factor
• 64-bit or 32-bit primary PCI bus interface (80960RM 32-bit only)
• 64-bit or 32-bit secondary PCI bus connected to the primary PCI interface with a PCI-to-PCI
bridge (80960RM 32-bit only)
• DMA channels on both PCI buses
2
• I
C Serial Bus
• 168-pin, 3.3V DIMM socket supporting 16 to 128 Mbytes of Synchronous DRAM organized
x72 to support Error Correction Code (ECC) and clocke d at 66 MHz (ships with 16 M/ECC
installed)
• Serial console port based on 16C550 UART
• Eight user-programmable LEDs
• 3 Indicator LEDs: proces sor has passed self- test, 3.3 V is supplied to SDRAM, and 3.3 V is
supplied to sec ondary PCI slots
• Flash ROM, 2 Mbytes
• Logic analyzer connectors for SDRAM bus, ROM bus and secondary P CI arbitration signals
• Fan heatsink monitor circuit
• Battery backup for SDRAM
• JTAG header
1.2Software Development Tools
A number of software development tools are available for the i960® processor family1. This
manual provides information on two software development toolsets: Wind River System’s
IxWorks* and Intel’s CTOOLS. If you are using other software development tools, read through the infor mation in this ch apter and in Chapter 2 to gain a general understanding of how to use your
tools with this board.
1. To view the electronic tools catalog, access http://developer.intel.com/design/develop.htm/ from the web.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual1-3
Introduction
1.3IxWorks Software Development Toolset
IxWorks is a comple te toolset feat uring an integrated development environme nt including a
compiler, assembler, linker, and debugger. It also features a real-time operating system.
1.3.1IxWorks Real-Time Operating System
The IQ80960RM/RN platforms are equipped with Wind River Systems, Inc.’s IxWorks. IxWorks
provides for the elements of the I
protocols, and executive modules for configuration and control. IxWorks also allows for the
writing of basic device drivers and provides NOS-to-driver independence. TORNADO for I
provides a visua l environment for building, testing and debugg ing of I
1.3.2TORNADO Build Tools
TORNADO for I2O includes a coll ection of supporting tools that provide a complete development
tool chain. These include the compiler, assembler, linker and binary utilities. Also provided is an
I
O module builder, which creates I2O-loadable modules .
2
O standard: an event-driven driver framework, host message
2
O drivers.
2
O
2
1.3.3TORNADO Test and Debug T ools
TORNADO for I2O test and debug tools include the dynamic loader, the CrossWind∗ debugger,
the WindSh* interactive shell, and a system browser.
The dynamic loader allows for interactive loading, testing, and replac ement of individual object
modules that c omprise a driver.
CrossWind is an extended version of GDB960. Using it you can debug I
breakpoints on desired I
locals, stack frame, memory and so on.
WindSh allows you to communicate to the IQ80960RM/RN platform via an RS-232 serial port.
The IQ80960RM/RN pla tform supports port speeds from 300 to 115,200 bps. The shell can be
used to:
• control and monitor I
• format, send and receive driver messages
• examine hardware registers
• run automated I
The shell also provides essential debugging capabilities; including breakpoints, single stepping,
stack checking, and disassembly.
O components. A variety of windows display source code, registers,
2
O drivers
2
O test suites
2
O drivers by setting
2
1-4IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
1.4CTOOLS Software Development Toolset
Inte l’s i96 0 p rocessor software development toolset, CTOOLS, features ad vanced
C/C++ - language compilers for the i960 processor family. CTOOLS development toolse t is
available for Windows* 95/NT-based systems and a variety of UNIX workstation hosts. These
products provide execution profiling and instruction scheduling optimizations and include an
assembler, a linker, and utilities designed for embedded processor software development.
1.4.1CTOOLS and the MON960 Debug Monitor
In place of IxWorks, the IQ80960RM/RN platform can be equipped with Intel’s MON960, an
on-board software monitor that allows you to execute and debug programs written for i960
processors in a non-I
step, memory display, and other useful functions for running and debugging a program.
The IQ80960RM/RN platform works with the source-level debuggers provided with CT OOLS,
including GDB960 (command line version) and GDB960V (GUI version).
1.4.1.1MON960 Host Communications
MON960 allows you to communicate and download programs developed for the IQ80960RM/RN
platform across a host system’s serial port or PCI interface. The IQ80960RM/RN platform supports
two methods of communication: terminal emulation and Host Debugger Interface (HDI).
2
O environment. The monitor provides program download, breakpoint, single
Introduction
1.4.1.2Terminal Emulation Method
Terminal emulation software on your host system can communicate to MON960 on the
IQ80960RM/RN platform via an RS-232 serial port. The IQ80960RM/RN platform supports port
speeds from 300 to 115,200 bps. Serial downloads to MON960 require that the terminal emulation
software support th e XMODEM proto col.
Configure the serial port on the host system for 300-115,200 baud, 8 bits, one stop bit, no parity
with XON/XOFF flow control.
1.4.1.3Host Debugger Interface (HDI) Method
You may use a source-l eve l debugger, such as Intel’s GDB960 and GDB960V to estab lish serial or
PCI communications with the IQ80960RM/RN platform. The MON960 Host Debugger Interface
(HDI) provides a defined mess aging layer between MON960 and the debugger. For more
information on this interface, see the MON960 Debug Monitor User’s Manual (484290).
HDI connection requests cannot be detected by MON960 if the user has already initiated a
connection using a terminal emulator. In this case, the IQ80960RM/RN platform must be reset
before the debugger can conne ct to MON960.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual1-5
Introduction
1.5About This Manual
A brief description of the contents of this manu al follows.
Chapter 1, “Introduction”
Chapter 2, “Getting Started”
Chapter3, “Hardware
Refere nce”
Chapter 4, “i960® RM/RN
I/O Processor Overview”
Chapter 5, “MON960
Support for IQ80960RM/RN”
Appendix A, “Bill of
Materials”
Appendix B, “Schematics”
Appendix C, “PLD Code”
Appendix D, “Recycling the
Battery”
Introduces the IQ80960RM
chapter also describes Intel’s C TOOLS* and WindRiver Systems IxWorks*
software development tools, and defines notational-conventions and related
documentation.
Provid es st ep-b y-s te p i ns tru ct ions fo r in st al li ng t he IQ8 0960 R M or I Q80 96 0RN
platform in a host system and downloading and executing an application
program. This chapter also describes Intel’s software development tools, the
MON960 Debug Monitor, IxWORKS, software installation, and hardware
configuration.
Descri bes the locations of connectors, switche s and LEDs on the IQ80960RM
and IQ80960RN platforms. Header pinouts and register descriptions are also
provided in this chapter.
Presents an overview of the capabilities of the i960 RM/RN I/O pro c essor and
inclu des the CPU memory map.
Describes a number of features added to MON960 to support application
development on the i960 RM/RN I/O processor.
Shows complete parts list IQ80960RM and IQ80960RN Evaluation Platforms.
Complete set of schematics for the IQ80960RM and IQ80960RN Evaluati on
Platforms.
Example PLD code used on IQ80960RM and IQ80960RN evaluation boards
for SDR AM battery backup.
Information on the RBRC program and the locations of participating recycling
centers.
and IQ80960RN Evaluation Board features. This
1-6IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
1.6Notational-Conventions
The following notation conventions are consistent with other i960 RM/RN I/O processor
documentation and general industry standards.
Introduction
# or overbar
BoldIndicates user entry and/or commands .
ItalicsIndicates a ref erence to related documents; also used to show emphasis.
Courier fontIndicates code examples and file directories and names.
Asterisks (*)On non-Intel company an d pr oduct names, a trailing asterisk indicates
UPPERCASEIn text, signal name s are shown in upperc ase. When seve ral signal s share
Designations for
hexadecima l and
binary numbers
In code examples the pound symbol (#) is appended to a signal name to
indi cate that t h e signal is active. Normall y in v erted clock signals are
indicate d with an overbar above the signal name (e.g., RAS).
PLD sig n a l names ar e in bo l d lo w ercase letters (e. g ., h_off, h_on).
the item is a trademark or re g istere d tr ademar k . Such brand s and names
are the pr o perty of th eir respective o w ne r s .
a common name, each signa l is represented by the signa l name followed
by a number; the group is represented by the signal name followed by a
variable (n). In cod e ex amples, si gn al names ar e sh o w n in th e cas e
required by the software development tool in use.
In text, instead of using subscripted “base” designators (e.g., FF
leading “0x” (e.g., 0xFF) hexadecimal numbers are represented by a
string of hex digi ts followed by the lette r H. A zero prefix is added to
numbers that begin with A through F. (e.g., FF is shown as 0FFH.) In
examples of actual code, “0x” is used. Decimal and binary numbers are
represented by their customary nota tions. (e.g., 255 is a decimal number
and 1111 1111 is a binary num ber. In some cases, the letter B is added to
binary numbers for clari ty.)
16
) or
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual1-7
Introduction
1.7Techn ical Suppo rt
Up-to-date produc t and technical info rma tion is available el ectronically from:
• Intel’s World-Wide Web (WWW) Location: http://www.intel.com
• IQ80960RM and IQ80960RN Product Information: http://developer.intel.com/design/i960
For techn i cal assist an c e, electroni c mai l (e- mail) prov id e s th e f ast est route to re ac h en g i ne er s
specializing in IQ80960RM and IQ80960RN issues. Posting messages on the Embedded
Microprocessor Forum at http://support.intle.com/newsgroups/ is also a direct route for
IQ80960RM and IQ80960RN technical assistance. See Section 1.7.2.
Within the United States and Canada you may contact the Intel Technical Support Hotline. See
Section 1.7.1 for a list of customer support sources for the US and oth er ge ographical areas.
1.7.1Intel Customer Electronic Mail Support
For direct support from engine ers spec iali ng in i960® Microprocessor issues s end e-mail in english
to 960tools@intel.com.
Questions and other messages may be posted to the Embedded Microprocessor Forum at
http://support.intel.com/newsgroups/.
1.7.2Intel Customer Support Contacts
Contact Intel Corporation for technical assistance for the IQ80960RM/RN evaluation platform.
CountryLiteratu reCustomer Support Numbe r
United S tates800-548-4725800-628-8686
Canada800-468-8118 or 303-297-7763800-628-8686
EuropeContact local distributor Contact local distributor
Austral iaContact local distributor Contac t local distributor
IsraelContact local d istributor Contact local distributor
JapanContact local distribu tor Contac t local distributor
1-8IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
1.7.3Related In fo rmat io n
T o orde r printe d manua ls fro m Intel, c ontac t your loc al sales re prese ntati ve or Intel L iteratur e Sal es
(1-800-548-4725 ).
Contact Cyclo ne Microsystems for additional information about their products and literature:
Table 1-2. Cyclone Contacts
Phone: 203-786-5536
Cyclone Microsystems
25 Science Park
New Haven CT 06511
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual1-9
F AX: 203-786-5025
e-mail: info@cyclone.com
WWW: http://www.cyclone.com
Getting Started
This chapter c ontains in st ructio ns for ins tall ing the IQ80960RM/ RN pla tform in a host sys tem and,
how to download and execute an application program using Wi nd River System’ s IxWorks∗ or
Intel’s CTOOLS software development tools ets.
2.1Pre-Installation Considerations
This section pr ovides a general overview of the components required to develop and execute a
program on the IQ80960RM/RN platform. IQ80960RM/RN eva luation boards support two
software development toolsets, Wind River System’s IxWorks and Intel’s CTOOLS.
IxWorks is a complete toolset featuring an integrated development environment including a
compiler, assembler, linker, and debugger. It also features a real-time operating system. If you are
using the IxWorks opera ting system with the TORNADO* dev elopment environment, refer to the
Wind River Systems, Inc. documentation referenced in Section 1.7.3.
CTOOLS is a complete C/C++-language software-development toolset for developing embedded
applications to run on i960 processors. It contains a C/C++ compiler, the gcc960 and ic960 compiler
driver programs, an assembler, runtime libraries, a collection of software-development tools and
utilities, and printed and on-line documentation. The MON960 Debug Monitor User’s Guide fully
describes the components of MON960, including MON960 commands, the Host Debugger Interface
Library (HDIL), and the MONDB.EXE utility. If you are using MON960 and the CTOOLS toolset,
refer to section Section 2.2.1, “Installing Software Development T ools” on page 2-1.
2
See Chapter 1 for more information on the IxWorks and CTOOLS features.
The IQ80960RM/RN evaluation boards are supplied with IxWorks intel ligent real-tim e ope rating
system pre-lo ade d into the on-board Flash. You also have the option of installing the MON960
debug monitor, which is required if you are using the CTOOLS deb ugging tools, GDB960,
GDB960V, or MONDB. Section3.3.1 des cribe s the Flash ROM pro gramming utilit y, which allows
you to load MON960 onto the platform or re-load IxWorks.
2.2Software Installation
2.2.1Installing Software Development Tools
If you haven’t done so already, install your development softwar e as described in its manuals. All
references in this manual to CTOOLS or CrossWind assume that the default directories were
selected during installat ion. If this is not the case , substitute th e appropriate path for the default
path wherever file locations are referenced in this manual.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual2-1
Getting Started
2.3Hardware Installation
Follow these in st ructions to get your new IQ80960RM/RN platform running. Be sure all items on
the checklist were provided with your IQ80960RM/RN.
Warning:Static charges can severely damage the IQ80960 RM/RN platforms. Be sure you are prop erly
grounded before re moving the IQ80960RM/RN platform from the anti-stati c bag.
2.3.1Battery Bac ku p
Battery backup is provided to save any information in SDRAM during a power failure. The
IQ80960RM/RN platform contains four AA NiCd batter ies, a charging circuit and a regulator
circuit. The batteries installed in the IQ80960RM/RN platform are rated at 600 mA/Hr.
SDRAM technology provides a simple way of enabling data preservation through the self-refresh
command. When the processor receives an active Primary PCI reset it issues the self-refresh
command and drive s the SCKE signals low. Upon seeing this condition, a P A L on the
IQ80960RM/RN platform holds SCKE low before the process or los es power. The batteries
maintain power to the SDRAM and the PAL to ensure self-refresh mode. When the PAL detects
PRST# returning to ina ctive state, the PAL releases the hold on SCKE.
The battery circuit can be disabled by removing the batteries. LED CR4 indicates when the SDRAMs
have sufficient power. If the batteries remain in the evaluation platform when it is depowered and/or
removed from the chassis, the batteries will maintain the SDRAM for approximately 30 hours. Once
power is again applied, the batteries will be fully charged in about 4 hours.
2.3.2Installing the IQ80960RM/RN Platforms in the Host System
If you are installing the IQ80960RM/RN pla tform for the first time, vis ually inspect the board for
any damage that may have occurred during shipment. If there are visible defect s , return the board
for repl acement. Follow the host system manufa cturer’s instructions for inst alling a PCI adapter.
The IQ80960RM/RN pl atform is a full-leng th P CI adapter and requires a PCI s lot that is free from
obstructions. The IQ80960RM/RN platform is taller than specified in the PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.1. The extended height of the board will require you to keep the cover off
of your PC. Refer to Chapt er 3 for physical dimensions of the boa rd.
2.3.3Verify IQ80960RM/RN Platform is Functional
These instruct ions ass ume that you have alrea dy install ed the IQ8 0960RM/RN pla tfo rm in the host
system as described in Section 2.3.2 .
1. To connect the serial port for communicating with and downloading to the IQ80960RM/RN
platform, connect the RS-232 cable (provided with the IQ80960RM/RN) from a free serial
port on the host system to the phone jack-style connector on the IQ80960RM/RN platform.
2. Upon power-up, the red FAIL LED turns off, indicating that the processor has passed its self-test.
3. If you have IxWorks installed in the flash ROM, the user L EDs displ ay the bina ry pat tern 99H.
In the IxWorks deve lopment environment, raw serial input/output is not used. Instead, the
Wind DeBug (WDB) protocol is run over the serial port, to allow communica tion with
Tornado developm ent tools. If the terminal emulation package is run ning at 115, 200 baud, the
letters “WDB_READY” display prior to launching in the WDB serial proto col.
2-2IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
4. If you have MON960 installed in th e flash ROM, pre ss <ENTER> on a term inal connected to
the IQ80960RM/RN platform to bring up the MON960 prompt. MON960 automatically
adjusts its baud rate to match that of the termi nal at start-up. At baud rates other than 9600, it
may be necessary to press <ENTER> several times.
2.4Creating and Downloading Executable Files
To download code to the IQ80960RM/RN platform running IxWorks, consult Wind Riv er
documentation on the supplied TORNADO for I
IQ80960RM/RN platform, your compiler produces an ELF-format object file.
To download code to the IQ80960RM/RN platform running CTOOLS, consult the CTOOLS
documentation for information regarding compiling, linking, and downloading applications.
During a download, MON960 checks the link address sto r ed in the ELF file, and stores the file at
that locati on on the IQ80960RM/RN platform. If the executable file is linke d to an invalid addres s
on the IQ80960RM/RN platform, MON960 aborts the downloa d.
2.4.1Sample Download and Execution Using GDB960
This example shows you how to us e GBD960 to download and execute a file named myapp via
the serial port.
O CD-ROM. To downl oad code to the
2
Getting Started
• Invoke GDB960. From a Windows 95/NT command prompt, issue the command:
gdb960 -r com2 myapp
This command establishes communication and downloads the fil e myapp.
• To execute the program, enter the command from the GDB960 command prompt:
(gdb960) run
More information on the GDB960 commands mentioned in this section can be found in the
GDB960 User’s Manual.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual2-3
Hardware Reference
3.1Power Requirements
The IQ80960RM/RN platform draws power from the PCI bus. The power requirements of th e
IQ80960RM/RN platforms are shown in Table 3-1 and Table 3-2. The numbers do not include th e
power required by a PCI card(s) mounted on one or more of the IQ80960RM/RN platforms’ four
expansion slot s.
Table 3-1. IQ80960RN Platform Power Requirements
VoltageTypical CurrentMaximum Current
+3.3 V0 V*0 V*
+5 V1.45 A1.96 A
+12 V286 mA485 mA
-12 V1 mA1 mA
NOTE: Does not include the power required by a PCI card(s) mounted on the IQ80960RN platform.
* +3.3V for 80960RN Processor created on board from +5V.
Table 3-2. IQ80960RM Platform Power Requirements
3
NOTE: Does not include the power required by a PCI car d(s) moun ted on the IQ80960RM platform.
* +3.3V for 80960RM Proc essor created on board from +5V.
3.2SDRAM
The IQ80960RM/RN platform is equipped with a 168-pin DIMM socket formatted to accept +3.3V
synchronous DRAM with or without Error Correction Code (ECC). The socket will accept SDRAM
from 8 Mbytes to 128 Mbytes. 128 Mbyte SDRAMs are available in both x64 and x72 configurations.
Note that 8 Mbyte SDRAMs are only for x64 or non-ECC memory. The SDRAM is accessible from
either of the PCI buses, via the ATUs, and the local bus on the IQ80960RM/RN platform.
VoltageTypical CurrentMaximum Current
+3.3 V0 V*0 V*
+5 V1.32 A1.86 A
+12 V284 mA485 mA
-12 V1 mA1 mA
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual3-1
Hardware Reference
3.2.1SDRAM Performance
The IQ80960RM/RN pla tform uses 72-bit SDRAM with ECC or 64-bit SDRAM without ECC.
SDRAM allows zero data-to-data wait state operation at 66 MHz. The memory controller unit
(MCU ) of the i 96 0
of four enables se am less read/write burs ting of long data strea ms, as long as the MCU does not
cross the page boundary. Page boundaries are naturally aligned 2 Kbyte blocks. 72-bit SDRAM
with ECC allows a maximum throughput of 528 Mbytes per second.
Both 16 Mbit and 64 Mbit SDRAM devic es are supported. The MCU keeps two pages per bank
open simult aneous ly for 16 Mbit de vices a nd 4 pages pe r bank fo r 64 Mb it device s. Simulta neous ly
open pages allo w for greate r performanc e for seq uential ac cess , distribu te d acros s multipl e inte rnal
bus transactions. Table 3-3 shows re ad a nd wr it e exa m p l es of a sin g l e 8 byt e acce s s an d fo r a
multiple 40 byte access.
Table 3-3. SDRAM Performance
Read Pag e H it ( 8 by tes)776 Mbyt es / s ec
Read Page Miss (8 bytes)1244 Mbytes/sec
Read Page Hit (40 bytes)11240 Mbytes/sec
Read Page Miss ( 40 bytes)16165 Mbytes/sec
Write Page Hit (8 bytes)4132 Mbytes/sec
Write Page Miss (8 bytes)866 Mbytes/sec
Write Page Hit (40 bytes)8330 Mbytes/sec
Write Page Miss (40 byte s)12220 Mbytes/sec
®
RM/RN I/O processor supports SDRAM burst le ngths of four. A burst length
Cycle TypeTable ClocksPerformance Bandwidth
Note that if ECC is enabled and you attempt a partial write — less than 64 bits — you will incur a
penalty. Because ECC is enabled, the MCU will trans late the write into a read-modify-wri te
transaction. Therefore, for a single byte write the clock count will be 11.
3-2IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
3.2.2Upgrading SDRAM
The IQ80960RM/RN is equipped with 16 Mbytes of SDRAM with ECC ins erted in the 168-pin
DIMM socket. The memory may be expanded by inserting up to a 128 Mbyte module into the
DIMM socket. The various memory combinations are shown in Table 3-4. Only 168-pin +3.3V
SDRAM modules with or without ECC rated at 10 ns shoul d be us ed on the IQ80960RM/RN
platform. The column labeled ECC dete rmines if that particular memory configuration can be used
with ECC.
An E28F016S5 (2 Mbytes) Flash ROM is included on the IQ80960RM/RN platform. This Flash
ROM contains IxWorks* and may be used to store user applications.
3.3.1Flash ROM Programming
Two types of Flash ROM prog rammi ng exist on the IQ80960RM/RN platform. The first is normal
application development programming. This occurs using IxWorks to download new software and
the 80960JT core to writ e the new code to the Flash ROM. During this tim e the boot sectors
(containing IxWorks) are write protected.
119
11 8
129
128
Total Memory
SIze
Yes16 Mbytes
No8 Mbytes
Yes64 Mbytes
No32 Mbytes
The second type of Flash ROM programming is loading the boot sectors. You will not be required
to load the boot sectors except:
• To load MON960
• To load a new rele ase of IxWorks
• To change between the check build and the free build of IxWorks
The following steps ar e requ ired to program the Flash ROM boot sectors :
1. Set switch S1 #’s 1 and 2 to the on position.
2. Reset the board by cycling power on the worksta tion.
3. Run the Intel DOS-based flash utility to program the Flash ROM boot sect ors.
4. Set switch S1 #’s 1 and 2 to the off position.
5. Reset the board by cycling power on the worksta tion.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual3-3
Hardware Reference
3.4Console Serial Port
The console seri al port on the IQ80960RM/RN platform, based on a 16C550 UART, is capable of
operation from 300 to 115,200 bps. The port is connected to a phone ja ck-style plug on the
IQ80960RM/RN pla tform. The DB25 to RJ-45 cable inc luded with the IQ80960RM/R N can be
used to connect the console port to any sta ndard RS-232 port on the host system.
The UART on the IQ80960RM/RN platf orm is clocked with a 1.843 MHz clock, and may be
programmed to use th is clo ck with it s inte rnal baud rate coun ters . The UAR T regis ter addr esses are
shown in Table 3-5; refer to the 16C550 device data book for a detailed description of the registe rs
and device operat ion. Note that some UART addresses refer to di fferent registers depending on
whether a read or a write is being per f orm ed.
Table 3-5. UART Register Addresses
AddressRead RegisterWrite Register
E000 0000HReceive Holding RegisterTransmit Hold ing Register
E000 0001HUnusedInterrupt Enable Register
E000 0002HInterrupt Status RegisterFIFO Control Register
E000 0003HUnusedLine Control Register
E000 0014HUnusedModem Control Regis ter
E000 0015HLine Status RegisterUnused
E000 0016HModem St atus RegisterUnused
E000 0017HScratch pad RegisterScratchpad Register
3.5Secondary PCI Bus Expansion Connectors
Four PCI Expansion Slots are available on the IQ80960RM/RN platform. The IQ80960RM
supports 32-bit PCI expansion and the IQ80960RN supports 64-bit PCI expans ion. The slots are
designed for +5V PCI signalling and accommodate PCI cards with +5V or universal sig nalling
capabilities.
3.5.1PCI Slots Power Availability
Power from the Primary PCI bus, +3.3V, +5V, +12V, and –12V, is routed to the Secondary PCI
bus expansion s lots. +3.3V is only avai lable at the secondary PCI slots if the host system makes
+3.3V available on the Primary PCI slots. LED CR5 indicates if this power is available.
3-4IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
3.5.2Interru pt and IDS E L Rou ti ng
Table 3-6. Secondary PCI Bus Interrupt and IDSEL Routing
Battery backu p is provided to save any inform ation in SDRAM during a power fail ure. The
IQ80960RM/RN platform contains four AA NiCd batteries, a charging circuit and a regulator
circuit. The bat teries installed in the IQ80960RM/RN platform are rated at 600 mA/Hr.
SDRAM technology provides a simple way of enabling data preservation though the self-refresh
command. When the processor receives an active Primary PCI reset it will issue the self-refresh
command and drive the SCKE signals low. Upon seeing this condition a PAL on the
IQ80960RM/RN platfor m will hol d SCKE low before the proce ssor los es power. The batteries will
maintain power to the SDRAM and the PAL to ensure self-ref r esh mo de. When the PAL sees
PRST# r et urning to in ac t iv e s t at e th e PAL will re lease the hold on SCKE.
Hardware Reference
The battery circuit can be disabled by removi ng the batteries. LE D CR4 indicates when the
SDRAMs have suff icient power. If the batteries remain in the evaluation platform when it is
depowered and/or removed from the chassis, the batteries will maint ain the SDRAM for
approximately 30 hours. Once power is again applied, the batteries will be fully charged in about
four hours.
3.7Loss of Fan Detect
The i960 RM/RN I/O processor can be cooled by an active heat sin k mount ed on top. The fan
provides a square wave output that is monitored by a comparator circuit on the IQ80960RM/RN
platform. The frequen cy of the fan output is approxi mately 9K RPM. If the frequency falls below
approximately 8K RPM the circuit will provide an interrupt to the processor.
Note: The standard production boards will be shipped with attached pass ive heat sinks. In the case of
utilizing a passive heat sink, the proces s or never sees an interrupt from not having a fan.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual3-5
Hardware Reference
3.8Logic Analyzer Headers
There are five logic analyzer connectors on the IQ80960RM/RN platform. The connectors are
Mictor type, AMP part # 767054-1. Hewlett-Packar d and Tektronix manufacture and sell
interfaces to these connectors. The logic analyzer connectors allow for interfacing to the SDRAM
and ROM buses along wit h secondary PCI arbitration signals. Table 3-7 shows the connectors and
the pin assignments for each.
The JTAG header allows debugging hardware to be quickly and easily connecte d to s ome of the
IQ80960RM/RN processor’s logic signals.
The JTAG header is a 16-pin header. A 3M connector (part number 2516-6002UG) is required to
connect to this header. The pinout for the JTAG header is shown in Table 3-8. The header and
connector are keyed using a tab on the connector and a slot on the header to ensure proper installation.
Hardware Reference
Each signal in the JTAG header is paired with its own ground connection to avoid the noi se problems
associated with long ribbon cables. Signal descriptions are found in the i960
Developer’s Manual, 80960RM I/O Processor Data Sheet and the 80960RN I/O Process or Data Sheet.
Table 3-9 describes switch setting options and defaults. These switch settings are sampled at
Primary PCI Reset. See Table 5-1 “Initialization Modes” on page 5-3 for processor initialization
configurations.
Table 3-9. Switch S1 Settings
PositionNameDescriptionDefault
S1-1RST_MODE#
S1-2RETRY
S1-332BITMEM_EN#
a
S1-4
a.This switch is active for IQ80960RN ONLY.
32BITPCI_EN#
®
RM/RN I /O Processo r
Determines if the processor is to be held in reset.
ON = hold in rest
OFF = allows pr ocessor initialization
Deter m ines if the Prim ary PCI interface will be disabled.
ON = allows Primar y PCI configurat ion cycles to occur
OFF = retries all Primary PCI configuration cycles
Notifies Memory Controller of the SDRAM width.
ON = Memory Controller utilizes 32-bit SDRAM access protocol
OFF = Memory Contoller utilizes 64-bit SDRAM access p rotocol
Determines whether Secondary PCI bus is a 32- or 64-bit bus.
ON = indicates Secondary PCI bus is a 32-bit bus
OFF = indicates Secondary PCI bus is a 64-bit bus
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual3-7
Hardware Reference
3.10User LEDs
The IQ80 960RM /RN plat form ha s a bank o f eig ht user -prog rammab le LE Ds, loca ted on t he uppe r edge of
the adapter board. These LEDs are controlled by a write-only register and used as a debugging aid during
development. Software can control the state of the user LEDs by writing to the LED Register, located at
E004 0000H. Each of the eight bits of this register correspond to one of the user LEDs. Clearing a bit in the
LED Register by writing a “0” to it turns the corresponding LED “on”, while setting a bit by writing a “1”
to it turns the corresponding LED “off”. Resetting the IQ80960RM/RN platform results in clearing the
register and turning all the LEDs “on”. The LED Register bitmap is shown in Figure 3-1.
The user LEDs are numbered in de sc ending order from left to righ t, with LED7 being on the left
when looking at the component side of the adapter.
Figure 3-1. LED Register Bitmap
76543210
User LED 7
User LED 6
User LED 5
User LED 4
User LED 3
User LED 2
User LED 1
User LED 0
3.10.1User LEDs During Initialization
MON960 indica tes the progres s of its hardware initializ ation on the user LEDs. In the event tha t
initia lization should fail for some r eason, the numbe r of lit LEDs can be used to determine the
cause of th e f ai lu r e . Table 3-10 lists the tests that correspond to each lit LED.
Table 3-10. Start-up LEDs MON960
LEDsTests
LED 0SDRAM serial EEPROM checksum validated
LED 1UART walking ones test passed
LED 2DRAM walking ones test passed
LED 3DRAM multiword test passed
LED 4Hardware initialization started
LED 5Flash ROM initialized
LED 6PCI-to-PCI Bridge initialized
LED 7UART int ernal loopback t est passed
3-8IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
Table 3-11 lists the connec to rs and LEDs.
Table 3-11. IQ80960RM/RN Connectors and LED s
ItemDescription
J1-J4Secondary PCI bus expansion con nector
J5168-pin SDRAM DIMM socket
J6JTAG connector
J7Serial port connector
J8Logic analyzer connector for f lash ROM bus
J10Logic analyzer connector for Secondary PCI bus arbitrat ion signals
J9, J11, J12Lo gic analyzer conn ector for a ccess to SDRAM bus
J13Active heatsink connector for example fan monitor circuit
CR1, CR2Eight user LEDs
CR3Self-test fail LED
CR4Battery backup SDRAM, 3.3 V avail able
CR5Indicates host system providing 3.3 V to Secondary PCI bus connectors
S1DIP switch (Tabl e 3-9)
Hardware Reference
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual3-9
i960® RM/RN I/O Processor Overview
4
This chapter desc ribes the features and opera tion of the processor on the IQ8096 0RM/RN
platform. For more detail, refer to the i960
Figure 4-1. i960
®
RM/RN I/O Processor Developer’s Manual.
®
RM/RN I/O Processor Block Diagram
Local Memory
(SDRAM, Flash)
80960 Core
Processor
Memory
Controller
Messaging
Unit
Two DMA
Channels
Bus
Interface
Unit
64-bit Internal Bus
Address
Translat ion
Unit
I2C Serial Bus
I2C Bus
Interface
Application
Accelerator
One DMA
Channel
Internal
Arbitration
Address
Translation
Unit
PCI to PCI
64-bit/32-bit Primary PCI Bus
Performance
Monitoring
Unit
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual4-1
Bridge
64-bit/32-bit Secondary PCI Bus
Secondary
PCI
Arbitration
i960® RM/RN I/O Processor Overview
4.1CPU Memory Map
The memory map for the IQ80960RM/RN platform is shown in Figure 4-2. All addresses below
9002 0000H on the IQ80960RM/RN platform are reserved for vari ous functions of the i960
RM/RN I/O proce ssor, a s shown on the memory map. Document ation for t hese are as, as well as t he
processor memory m apped registe rs at FF00 000 0H and the IBR , can be found in t he i960I/O Pro ce ssor Developer’s Manu al.
Figure 4-2. IQ80960RM/RN Platform Memory Map
®
RM/RN
F000 00 00H
E000 0000H
B000 0000H
A000 0000H
9002 0000H
8000 0000H
0000 2000H
0000 1900H
0000 0800H
0000 0400H
0000 0000H
Flash ROM
and
Processor Registers
On-board Devices
Reserved
DRAM
Reserved
ATU Outbo un d
Translation Windows
ATU Outbo un d
Direct Addressing Window
Reserved
Peripheral
Memory Mapped Regi sters
Reserved
Processor Internal Data RAM
Processor
Memory Mapped
Registers
Flash ROM
Reserved
LED Register
(write only)
UART
FF00 0000H
FEE0 0000H
F000 00 00H
E004 0000H
E000 0000H
4-2IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
4.2Local Interrupts
The i960 RM/RN I/O processor is built around an 80960JT core, which has seven external interrupt
lines designated XINT0# through XINT5# and NMI#. In the i960 RM/RN I/O processor, these
interrupt lines are not directly connected to external interrupts, but pass through a layer of internal
interrupt routing logic. Figure 4-3 shows the interrupt connections on the i960 RM/RN I/O processor.
XINT0# through XINT3# on the 80960JT core ca n be used to receive PCI interrupts from the
secondary PCI bus, or these interrupts can be pa ssed through to the primary PCI interface,
depending on the setting of the XINT Select bit of the PCI Interrupt Routing Sel ect Register in the
i960 RM/RN I/O processor . On the IQ80 960RM/RN platform, XINT0# through XINT3# are
configured to receive interrupts from the secondary PCI bus.
XINT4# and XINT5# on the i960 RM/RN I/O processor may be connected to interrupt sources
external to th e process or . On the IQ80960RM/ RN pla tform, XINT4# is conne cted to th e loss of fan
detect and XINT5# is conne cted to the 16C550 UART.
XINT6#, XINT7# receive interrupt s from internal sources. NMI# receives interrupts from internal
sources an d from an ex ternal source. Since all of these interrupts accept signals from multiple
sources, a status regis ter is provided for each of the m to allow s ervice routines to identify the
source of th e interrupt. Each of the possible interrupt s ources is assigned a bit position in the status
register. The interrupt sources for these lines are shown in Figure 4- 3. On the IQ80960RM/RN
platform, the NMI# inter r u pt is not connected to any external interrupt sourc e and receives
interrupts only from the internal devices on the i960 RM/RN I/O processor. Note tha t all error
conditions result in an NMI# interrupt.
The i960 RM/RN I/O processor is equipped with two on-chip counter/timers whic h are clocked
with the i960 RM/ RN I/O proc essor c lock signa l. T he i960 R M/RN I/O proc essor re ceives its c lock
from the primary PCI interface clock, generated by the motherboard. Most motherboards generate
a 33 MHz clock signal, although the PCI specification requires a clock frequency between 0 and
33 MHz. The timers can be programmed for single-shot or continuous mode, and can generate
interrupts to the proces s or when the countdown expires.
4.4Primary PCI Interface
The primary PCI interface on the IQ80960RM/RN platform provides the i960 RM/RN I/O
processor with a connection to the PCI bus on the host system. Only the P CI-to-PCI bridge unit on
the i960 RM/RN I/O pro cessor i s direct ly conne cted t o the prima ry PCI int er face. Devi ces insta ll ed
on the expansion sl ots are connected to the PCI bus via the bridge unit on the i960 RM/RN I/O
processor. The PCI-to-PCI bridge accepts Type 1 configuration cycles destined for devices on the
secondary bus, and will forward them as Type 0 or Type 1 configur ation cycles, or as special
cycles. The IQ80960RN pla tform interfaces to a 64-bit PCI bus and the IQ80960RM platform
interfaces to a 32- bit PCI bus.
i960® RM/RN I/O Processor Overview
4.5Secondary PCI Interface
The secondary PCI interface provided by the i960 RM/RN I/O proc essor is used to connect PCI
cards via the expansion slots to the host system’s PCI bus. PCI cards are attache d to the
IQ80960RM/RN platform with a standard PCI connector and may contain up to four separate PCI
devices. The i960 RM/RN I/O processor provides PCI-to-P CI bridge func tionality to m ap installe d
PCI devices onto the host P CI bus , and supports transa ction forwarding in both direc tions across
the bridge. PCI devi ce s connected via the exp ans ion slots can ther efore act as masters or sl aves on
the host syste m’s PCI bus. Addit ional PCI-to- PCI bri dge devi ces are suppor ted by t he i 960 RM/RN
I/O processor on its secondary PCI interface and can be designed into add-on PCI cards. In
addition, the i960 RM/RN I/O processor supports “private” PCI devices on its secondary bus.
Private devices are hidden from initialization code on the host system, and are configured and
accessed directly by the i960 RM/RN I/O processor. The se devices are not part of the norma l PCI
address space, but they can act as PCI bus masters an d transfer data to and from othe r PCI devices
in the system.
Unless designat ed as private devices, PCI devic es ins talled on the secondary PCI interface of the
IQ80960RM/RN platform are mapped into the system-wide PCI address space by configuration
software running on the host system. No logical distinction is made at the system level between
devices on the prim ary PCI bus and devices on secondary buses; all transaction forwardin g is
handled tr ansparently by the PCI-to-PCI bridge. Configuration cycles and read and write accesses
from the host are forwarded through the PCI-to-PCI bridge unit of the i960 RM/RN I/O pr oce ssor.
Master read and write cycles from devices on the secondary PCI bus are also forwarded to the host
bus by the PCI-to-PCI bridge unit.
IxWORKS allows secondary PCI devices to be con f ig u red as Pub lic or Private. Public devices are
configured by the PCI host. Private devices are configured by the IxWORKS kernel and the
device-spec ific HDM.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual4-5
i960® RM/RN I/O Processor Overview
4.6DMA Channels
The i960 RM/RN I/O processor features three independent DMA channels, two of which operate
on the primary PCI interfa ce , whereas the remaining one operates on the secondary PCI interface.
All three of the DMA channels connect to the i960 RM/RN I/O proces sor’s local bus and can be
used to transfer data from PCI devices to memory on the IQ80960RM/RN platfor m. Support for
chaining, and scatter/gather is bu ilt into all three ch an nels. The DMA can address the entire 2
bytes of address space on the PCI bus and 2
Figure 4-4. i960
®
RM/RN I/O Processor DMA Controller
Primary PCI Bus
32
bytes of address space on the internal bus.
DMA Channel 0
64
DMA Channel 1
PCI to PCI Bridge
DMA Channel 2
Secondary PCI Bus
4.7Application Accelerator Unit
The Application Accelerator provi des low-latency, high-throughput data transf er capability
between the AA unit and 80960 local memory. It executes data transfers to and fr om 8096 0 local
memory and also provides the ne cessary programming int erface. The Application Accelerator
performs the following functions:
• Transfers data (read) from memory controller
• Performs an optional boolean operation (XOR) on read data
• Transfers data (write) to memory controller
The AA unit features:
• 128-byte, arranged as 8-byte x 16-deep store queue
• Utilization of the 80960RN/RM processor memory cont roller interface
32
• 2
addressing range on the 80960 local memory interface
80960
Local Bus
• Hardware support for unalign ed da ta transfers for the inte rnal bus
• Full programmability from the i960 core processor
• Support for automatic data chaining for gathering and scattering of data blocks
4-6IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
Figure 4-5 shows a simplified connection of the Application Accelera tor to the i960 RM/RN I/O
Processor Internal Bus.
Figure 4-5. Application Accelerator Unit
Application Accelerator Unit
Data Queue
Boolea n U ni t
i960® RM/RN I/O Processor Overview
Packing/
Unpacking
Unit
4.8Performance Monitor Unit
The Performance Moni toring features aid in measuring and monito ring various system para me ters
that contribute to the overall performance of the processor. The monitoring facility is generically
referred to as PMON – Performance Monitoring. The facility is mod el s pecific, not architect ur al;
its intended use is to gather performance measurements that can be used to retune/refine code for
better system level performance.
The PMON facility provided on the i960 RM/RN I/O processor comprises:
• One dedicated global Time Stamp c ounter, a nd
• Fourteen (14) Programmable Event counters
The global time stamp c ounter is a dedicated, free running 32-bit counter .
The programmable event counters are 32-bits wide. Each counter can be programmed to observe
an event from a defined set of events. An event consists of a set of parameters which define a start
condition and a stop condition . T he m onitored events ar e selected by programmi ng an event select
register (ESR).
80960
Bus Interface
64-bit
Internal Bus
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual4-7
MON960 Support for IQ8 09 60 RM/RN
5
This chapter discusses a number of additions that have been made to MON960 to support the
IQ80960RM/RN in an optional non-I
MON960, see the MON960 Debug Monitor User’s Guide. Th e IQ80960RM/RN evaluation
platform ships with IxWorks* from W ind River Systems installed in flash firmware . To use
CTOOLS and MON960 instead of IxWorks, you need to download MON960 into the onboard
Flash. See Chapter 2 for more information on updating the onboard Flash. See Chapter 1 for
descriptions of both IxWorks and CTOOLS.
2
O capacity. For com plete documentation on the operation of
5.1Secondary PCI Bus Expansion Connectors
The IQ80960RM/RN pl atform con tains four se condar y PCI bus e xpansion c onne ctors to g ive users
access to the second ary PCI bus of the i960
perform secondary PCI bus initialization including the establishment of a secondary PCI bus
address map. Routines compatible with the PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.1 allow the
software on the IQ80960RM/RN pla tform to search for devices o n the secondary P CI bus and read
and write the configuration space of those devices.
®
RM/RN I/O processor. Extensions to MON960
5.2MON960 Components
The remaining sections of this chapte r assume that MON960 is installe d in the onboard Flash,
replacing IxWorks. The IQ80960RM/RN optional MON960 debug monitor consists of four main
components:
• Initialization firmware• MON960 extensions
• MO N 9 60 kern el• Diagnostics/e xample code
These four components together are referred to as MON960.
5.2.1MON960 Initialization
At initialization, MON960 puts the I Q80960RM/RN platform into a known, functional state that
allows the host processor to perform P CI initializati on. Once in this state, the MON960 kernel and
the MON960 extensions ca n load and execute correctly. Initiali zation is performed after a RES ET
condition. MON960 initialization encompasses all m ajor portions of the i960 RM/RN I/O
processor and IQ8 0960RM/RN pl at form includ ing 80 960JT core ini tial izat ion, Memory C ontr oll er
initialization , SDRAM initialization, Primary PCI Addres s Translation Unit (ATU) initial ization,
and PCI-to-PCI Bridge Unit initializat ion.
The IQ80960RM/RN pl atform is desi gned to use th e Conf igur ation Mode of the i96 0 RM/R N I/O
processor. Conf igu ration Mode all ows th e 8 0960 JT core t o in itia li ze an d cont rol the i nit iali zati on proc ess
before the PCI host conf igures the i960 RM/RN I/O process or. By utili zing Configur ation Mode, the user
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual5-1
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
is give n the ability to initialize the PCI configuration re gisters to values other than the default power-up
values. Confi gura tion Mod e giv es the user maxi mum flexi bil ity to c ustom ize t he way in which the i96 0
RM/RN I/O process or and IQ80960 RM/R N platform app ear to th e PCI host confi gura tion s oftware.
5.2.280960JT Core Initialization
The 80960JT core begins the init ializ ation process by readin g its I nitia l Memory Image (IMI) from
a fixed address in the boot ROM (FEFF FF30H in the i960 address space). The IMI incl udes the
Initialization Boot Record (IBR), the Proce ss Control Block (PRCB), and several syst em data
structures. The IBR provides initial configuration information for the core and integrated
perip h erals, p o i nters to the system data structures and the first instruction to be executed after
processor initialization, and checksum words that the processor uses in its self-test routine. In
addition to the IBR and PRCB, the required data structures are the:
• System Procedure Table
• Control Table
• Interrupt Table
• Fault Table
• User Stack (application dependent)
• Supervisor Stack
• Interrupt Stack
5.2.3Memory Controller Initialization
Since the i960 RM/RN I/O processor Memory Controller is integral to the design and operati on of
the IQ80960RM/RN platform, the operational parameters for Bank 0 and Bank 1 are established
immediately after processor core initialization. Memory Bank 0 is associated with the ROM on the
IQ80960RM/RN platform. Memory Bank 1 is associated with the UART and the LED Control
Register. Parameters such as Bank Base Address, Read Wait States, and Write Wait States must be
established to ensure the proper oper ation of the IQ80960RM/RN platform. The Memory
Controll er is initialize d so as to be consistent with the IQ80960RM/RN platform memory map
shown in Figure 4-2.
5.2.4SDRAM Initializatio n
SDRAM initialization includes setting operational parameters for the SDRAM controller, and sizing
and clearing the installed SDRAM configuration. To configure the system properly, Presence Detect
data is read from the EEPROM of the SDRAM module, using the 80960RM/RN I
Unit. Presence Detect data includes the number and size of SDRAM banks present on the installed
module. On power-up, 64 bytes of Presence Detect data are read and validated. The SDRAM
controller is then configured by setting the base address of SDRAM, the boundary limits for each
SDRAM bank, the refresh cycle interval, and the output buffer drive strength. Once the SDRAM
controller is configured, the SDRAM is cleared in preparation for the C language runtime
environment. The actual SDRAM size is stored for later use (e.g., to establish the size of the
IQ80960RM/RN platform PCI Slave image). The SDRAM controller is initialized to be consistent
with the IQ80960RM/RN platform memory map shown in Figure 4-2.
2
C Bus Interface
5-2IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
5.2.5Primary PCI Interface Initialization
The IQ80960RM/RN platform is a multi-function PCI device. On the primary PCI bus, two
functions (from a PCI Configuration Space standpoint) are supported.
• Function 0 is the PCI-to-P CI Bridge of the i960 RM/RN I/O processor, which optionally
provides access capability between the pr im ary PCI bus and the secondary PCI bus.
• Function 1 i s the Primary ATU which provides access capability between the primary PC I bus
and the local i960 bus.
The platform can be initialized into one of four modes. Modes 0 and 3 are described below.
Table 5-1. Initialization Modes
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
RST_MODE#/
SW1-1
0/ON0/ONMode 0Accepts TransactionsHeld in Reset
0/ON1/OFFMode 1Retrie s All Configuration Transact ionsHeld in Reset
1/OFF0/ONMode 2Accepts TransactionsInitializes
1/OFF1/OFFMode 3 (default)Retries All Configuration Transa ctionsInitializes
RETRY/
SW1-2
Initialization
Mode
When the IQ80960RM/RN is opera ting in Mode 0, the processor core is held in reset, allowing
register defa ult s to be us ed on the Primary PCI int erfac e. This mode is u sed to program the onboa rd
Flash with either IxWORKS* or MON960.
When the IQ80960RM/RN pla tform i s operatin g in Mode 3, the Conf igura tion Cyc le Dis able bi t in
the Extended Bridge Control Register (EBCR) is set after IQ80960RM/RN processor reset. In this
mode, the IQ80960RM/RN platform sends PCI Retrie s when the PCI host attempts to access the
platform’s Configura tion S pace. Thi s mode al lows the IQ80960RM/RN proc essor t ime to i nit ializ e
its internal registers. The process or remains in this mode until the Configuration Cyc le Disable bit
in the Extended Bridge Control Register (EBCR) is cleared. For this reason, and to prevent PCI
host problems, Pri mar y P CI initialization occurs at the earliest possible opportu nity after Memory
and SDRAM controll er initialization.
5.2.6Primary ATU Initialization
Primary ATU (Bridge) initialization includes initialization by the 80960JT core and initialization
by the PCI host processor. Local in itialization occurs fi r st and consists mainly of esta blishing the
operational paramete rs for access to the local IQ80960 RM/RN pla tform bus. The Primar y Inbound
ATU Limit Registe r (P IALR) is initialized to establish the block si ze of memory required by the
Primary ATU. The PIALR value is based on the installed SDRAM configuration. The Primary
Inbound ATU Translate Value Register (PIATVR) is initializ ed to es tabl ish t he trans lat ion value for
PCI-to - Local accesses. The PIATVR value is set to reference the b ase of local SDRAM. The
Primary Outbou nd Memory Window Value Register (POMWVR) is initialized to establish the
translation value for Local-to-PCI accesses. The POMWVR value remains at its default value of
“0” to allow the IQ80960RM/RN platform to access the st art of the PCI Memory address map,
which is typically occupied by PCI host memory. Likewise, the Prim ary Outbound I/O W indow
Value Register (POIOWVR) remains at its def ault value of “0” to allow the IQ80960RM/RN
platform to access the start of the PCI I/O address map. PCI Doorbell-related parameters are also
establishe d to allow for communicatio n betwe en the IQ80960RM/RN platform and a PCI bus
master using the doorbell mechanism.
Primary PCI Interface
i960 Core
Processor
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual5-3
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
By default, Primary Outbound Configura tion Cycle parameters are not established. The ATU
Configuration Register (AT UCR) is initialized to establish the operational parameters for the
Doorbell Unit and ATU interrupts (both primary and secondary), and to enable the primary and
secondary ATUs. The PCI hos t is respo n sible for allocating PCI address space (Memo ry, Memory
Mapped I/O, and I/O), and assigning the PCI Base addresses for the IQ80960RM/RN platform.
5.2.7PCI-to-PCI Bridge Initialization
PCI-to-PCI Bridge initialization includes initialization by the 80960JT core and initialization by the
PCI host processor . Local initialization occurs first and consists mainly of establishing the operational
parameters for the secondary PCI interface of the PCI-to-PCI bridge. On the IQ80960RM/RN
platform, the secondary PCI bus is configured to consist of private devices (not visible to PCI host
configuration cycles). To support a private secondary PCI bus, the Secondary IDSEL Select Register
(SISR) is initialized to prevent the secondary PCI address bits [20:16] from being asserted during
conversion of PCI Type 1 configuration cycles on the primary PCI bus to PCI Type 0 configuration
cycles on the secondary PCI bus. Secondary PCI bus masters are prevented from initiating
transactions that will be forwarded to the primary PCI interface. The PCI host is responsible for
assigning and initializing the PCI bus numbers, allocating PCI address space (Memory, Memory
Mapped I/O, and I/O), and assigning the IRQ numbers to valid interrupt routing values.
5.2.8Secondary ATU Initialization
Secondary ATU (Bridge) initialization consists mainly of establishing the operational parameters
for access between the local IQ80960RM/RN platform bus and the secondary PCI devices. The
Secondary Inbound ATU Base Address Register (SIABAR) is initialized to establish the PCI base
address of IQ80960RM/RN platform local memory from the se condary PCI bus. By convention,
the secondary PCI base address for access to IQ80960RM/RN pla tform local memory is “0”. The
Secondary Inbound ATU Limit Register (SIALR) is initialized to establish the block size of
memory required by the secondary ATU. The SIALR value is based on the installed SDRAM
configuration. The Secondary Inbound ATU Translate Value Register (SIATVR) is initialized to
establi sh the translation value for Secondary PCI-t o-Local accesses. Th e SI ATVR value is set to
reference the ba se of loca l S DRAM. T he Secondary Outbound Memory Window Value Register
(SOMWVR) is initialized to establish the translation value for Loc al-to-Seconda ry PCI acces ses.
The SOMWVR value is left at its default value of “0” to allow the IQ8 0960RM/RN platform to
access the start of the PCI Memory address map. Likewis e, the Secondary Outbound I/ O W indow
Value Register (SOIOWVR) is left at its default value of “0” to allow the IQ80960RM/RN
platfo rm to access the start of the PCI I/O address map.
On the secondary PCI bus, the IQ80960RM/RN platform assumes the duties of PCI host and, as
such, is required to configure the devices of the secondary PCI bus. Secondary Outbound
Configuration Cycle parameters are established during s ec ondary PCI bus configuration.
Secondary PCI bus configuration is ac com plished via MON960 Extens ion routines.
5-4IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
5.3MON960 Kernel
The MON960 Kernel (monitor) provides the IQ80960RM/RN user with a software platform on
which application software can be developed and run. The monitor provides several features available
to the IQ80960RM/RN user to speed application development. Among the available features are:
• Communication with a terminal or termi nal emulation package on a host computer through a
seria l cab l e w it h automa ti c b a u d ra te det ection
• Communication with a software debugger such a s GDB960 (available from Intel ) usi ng the
Host Debugger Interface (HDI) softwa re i nterface
• Communication with the host computer via the primary PCI bus
• Downloads of ELF obje ct fil es vi a the pr imary PCI bus or vi a t he seria l cons ole port at rat es up
to 115,200 baud
• Downloads of ELF object files via the primary PCI bus
• On-board erasure and prog rammi ng of Intel 28F016S5 Flash ROM
• Memory display and m odification capability
• Breakpoint and single-step capability to support debugging of user code
• Disassembly of i96 0 processor instructions
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
5.4MON960 Extensions
The monitor has been extended to include the sec ondary PCI bus initializ ation and also the BIOS
routines which are contained in the PCI BIOS Specificati on Revision 2.1.
5.4.1Secondary PCI Initialization
MON960 extensions are res ponsible for initializing the devices on the secondary PCI bus of the
IQ80960RM/RN platform . Secondary PCI initialization involves allocating address spaces
(Memory, Memory Mapped I/O, a nd I/ O), ass igning PCI ba se addre sses , assigni ng IR Q value s, and
enabling PCI masters hip. MON960 does not support devices containing PCI-to-PCI bridges and
hierarch i cal buses.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual5-5
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
5.4.2PCI BIOS Routines
MON960 includes PCI BIOS rout ines to aid applicati on software initial iza tion of the secondary
PCI bus. The supported BIOS functions are described in the subsections that follow.
These functions preserve, as close ly as possible, the paramet ers and return values described in the
PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.1. Functions that return multiple va lues do so by filling in
the fields of a structure passed by the calling routine.
You can acces s t hes e functions via a calls ins truction. The syst em call indices are de fined in the
MON 9 60 s o ur ce file PCI_BIOS.H. The function prototypes are defined in the IQRP_ASM.H
file.
5.4.2.1sysPCIBIOSPresent
This function allows the caller to determine whether the PCI BIOS interface function set is present,
and the current interfa ce version level. It also provides information about the hardware mechanism
used for accessing co nfigurat ion space and whethe r or not the hard ware supports genera tion of PCI
Special Cycle s.
Calling convention:
int sysPCIBIOSPresent (
PCI_BIOS_INFO *info
);
Return values:
This function always returns SUCCESSFUL.
5-6IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
5.4.2.2sysFindPCIDevice
This function r eturns the locati on of PCI devices that have a specific Device ID and Vendor ID.
Given a Vendor ID, a Device ID, and an Index, the function returns the Bus Number, Device
Number, and Funct ion Number of t he Nt h Device/F uncti on whose Vendor ID and Device ID match
the input parameters .
Calling software can find all devices having the same Vendor ID and Device ID by making
successive calls to this function starting with the index se t to “0”, and incrementing the index until
the function returns DEVICE_NOT_FOUND. A return value of BAD_VENDOR_ID indicates that
the Vendor ID value passed had a value of all “1”s.
Calling convention:
int sysFindPCIDevice (
int device_id,
int vendor_id,
int index
);
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
Return values:
This function returns SUCCESSFUL if the indicated d evice is locate d, DEVICE_NOT_FOUND if
the indicated device cannot be locate d, or BAD_VENDOR_ID if the vendor_id value is illegal.
5.4.2.3sysFindPCIC lass C ode
This functio n r eturns the locati on of PCI devices that have a spe cific Class Code. Given a Class
Code and an Index, t he f unction returns the Bus Num ber , Device Num ber , and Fu nction Nu mber of
the Nth Device/Fun ction whose Class Code matche s the input parameters.
Calling software can find all devices having the same Class Code by making successive calls to
this functi on sta rting wi th t he inde x set to “0”, and in cre menti ng the i ndex unt il t he func tio n returns
DEVICE_NOT_FOUND.
Calling convention:
int sysFindPCIClassCode (
intclass_code,
intindex
);
Return values:
This function returns SUCCESSFUL when the indicated device is located, or
DEVICE_NOT_FOUND when the indicated device cannot be located.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual5-7
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
5.4.2.4sysGenerateSpecialCycle
This function a llows for generati on of PCI Spe cial Cycles. The ge nerated s pecia l cycl e is br oadcast
on a specific PCI Bus in the system.
PCI Special Cycl es are not supported on the IQ80960RM/RN platform secondary PCI bus .
Calling convention:
int sysGenerateSpecialCycle (
int bus_numb er,
int special_cycle_data
);
Return values:
Since PCI Specia l Cycles are not supported by the IQ80960RM/RN platform, t his function always
returns FUNC_NOT_SUPPORTED.
5.4.2.5sysReadConfigByte
This function allows the caller to read individual bytes from the configuration space of a specific
device.
Calling convention:
int sysReadConfigByte (
intbus_number,
intdevice_number,
intfunction_number,
intregister_number,/* 0,1,2,...,255 */
UINT8*data
);
Return values:
This function returns SUCCESSFUL when the indicated byte was read correctly, or ERROR when
there is a problem with the parameters.
5-8IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
5.4.2.6sysReadConfigWord
This function allows the caller to read individual shorts (16 bits) from the configuration space of a
specific device. The Register Number parameter must be a multi ple of two (i.e., bit 0 must be set to “0”).
Calling convention:
int sysReadConfigWord (
);
Return values:
This function returns SUCCESSFUL when the indicated word was read correctl y , or ERROR when
there is a pro b l em w i th th e pa r ameters.
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
5.4.2.7sysReadConfigDword
This function allows the caller to read individual longs (32 bits) from the configuration space of a
specific device. The Register Number parameter must be a multiple of four (i.e., bits 0 and 1 must
be set to “0”) .
Calling convention:
int sysReadConfigDword (
intbus_number,
intdevice_number,
intfunction_number,
intregister_number,/* 0,4,8,...,252 */
UINT32 *data
);
Return values:
This function returns S U CCESSFUL when the indicated long was read c orrectly, or ERROR when
there is a pro b l em w i th th e pa r ameters.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual5-9
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
5.4.2.8sysWriteConfigByte
This function allows the caller to w r ite in d iv id ual byte s to the configuration space of a specif ic d ev ice.
Calling convention:
int sysWriteConfigByte (
);
Return values:
This function returns SUCCESSFUL when the indicated byte was written correctly, or ERROR
when there is a problem with the parameters.
5.4.2.9sysWriteConfigWord
This function allows the c aller to writ e individual shorts (16 bits ) to t he configuration space of a specific
device. The Registe r Numbe r parameter must be a multiple of two (i.e., bit 0 must be set to “0”).
Calling convention:
int sysWriteConfigWord (
intbus_number,
intdevice_number,
intfunction_number,
intregister_number,/* 0,2,4,...,254 */
UINT16 *data
);
Return values:
This function returns SUCCESSFUL when the indicated word was written correctly, or ERROR
when there is a problem with the parameters.
5-10IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
5.4.2.10sysWriteConfigDword
This function allows the caller to write individual longs (32 bits) to the configuration space of a
specific device. The Register Number parameter must be a multiple of four (i.e., bits 0 and 1 must
be set to “0”) .
Calling convention:
int sysWriteConfigDword (
This function returns SUCCESSFUL when the indicated long was written correctly, or ERROR
when the r e is a problem with the parameters .
5.4.2.11sysGetIrqRoutingOpti ons
The PCI Interrupt routing fabric on the IQ80960RM/RN platform is not reconfigurable (fixed
mapping relationships); therefore, this function is not supported.
Calling convention:
int sysGetIrqRoutingOptions (
PCI_IRQ_ROUTING_TABLE *table
);
Return values:
This function always returns FUNC_NOT_SUPPORTED.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nual5-11
MON960 Support for IQ80960RM/RN
5.4.2.12sysSetPCIIrq
The PCI Interrupt rout ing fabric on the IQ80960RM/RN platform is not reconfigurable (fixed
mapping relationships); therefore, this function is not supported.
Calling convention:
int sysSetPCIIrq (
intint_pin,
intirq_num,
intbus_dev
);
Return values:
This function always returns FUNC_NOT_SUPPORTED.
5.4.3Additional MON960 Commands
The following commands have been added to the UI interface of MON960 to support the
IQ80960RM/RN platform.
5.4.3.1print_pci Utility
A print _pc i c omma nd to MON96 0 i s acc e sse d t hroug h t he MON9 60 c o mmand prom pt . Th is co mma nd
displays the contents of the PCI configuration space on a selected adapter on the secondary PCI interface or
on the i960 RM/RN I/O processor itself. For more information on the meaning of the fields in PCI
configuration space, refer to the PCI Local Bus Specification Revisi on2.1. Th e s ynta x o f t his com man d is :
pp <bus number> <device number> <function number>
5.5Diagnostics / Example Code
IQ80960RM/RN platform diagnostic routines serve a twofold purpose: to verify proper hardware operation
and to provide example code for users who need similar functions in their applications. Diagnostic routines
fall into two categories: board level diagnostics and PCI expansion module diagnostics.
5.5.1Board Level Diagnostics
Board level diagnostics exercise all basic areas of the IQ80960RM/RN platform. Diagnostic routines
include SDRAM tests, UART tests, LED tests, internal timer tests, I
Primary PCI bus tests exercise the primary A TU, the PCI Doorbell unit, and the PCI DMA controller.
Interru pts fr om bot h loca l and P CI so urces a re gen erate d and h andle d. The P CI bus tests r equi re an exter nal
test sui te ru nn ing on a PC to veri fy comp let e fun c tion a lit y of th e IQ80 960 RM /RN pl a tform .
2
C bus tests, and primary PCI bus tests.
5.5.2Secondary PCI Diagnostics
Secondary PCI diagn ost ics exercise the secondary P CI bus , thereby confirming hardware
functionality, as well as illustrating the use of the PCI BIOS routines present in MON960.
5-12IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Man ual
Bill of Materia lsA
This appendix ide ntifies all components on the IQ80960RN Evaluat ion P latform (Table A-1), and
the IQ80960RM Evaluation Platform (Table A-2).
Table A-1. IQ80960RN Bill of Materials (Sheet 1 of 4)
Item QtyLocati onPart Descripti onManufactur erManufacturer Part #
11U13IC/SM 74ALS32 SOIC-14
21U6IC/SM 74ALS04 SOIC
31U3IC/SM 74ABT273 SOIC
42U1,U2IC/SM 74ABT573 SOIC
51U16IC/SM 74ALS08 SOIC
61U5IC / SM 1488A SOIC
71U7IC / SM 1489A SOIC
81Q1IC/SM Si9430DY SOIC-8SiliconixSi9430DY
91U9IC/SM LVCMOS Fanout Buffr SSOPMotorolaMPC9140
101U10IC/S M LM 33 9 S OI C- 1 4
111U8IC/S M MAX1651 CSA SOIC -8M aximMAX1651CSA
Batte ry A A Ni C d @ 60 0 mA/HourSAFTNIC-AA- 60 0- S A FT
Hewlett
Packard
Hewlett
Packard
Hewlett
Packard
Bill of Materials
HLMP-3507$010
HLMP3301$010
HLMP4740#010
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nualA-3
Bill of Materials
Table A-1. IQ80960RN Bill of Materials (Sheet 4 of 4)
Item QtyLocationPart DescriptionManufacturerManufacturer Part #
641U15HeatSink/Fan Assy 8 0960RM/RNPanasonicUDQFNBEOIF
651C84CAP SM, 0.22 µF (12 06 )P hi lip s12062E224M9 B B2
663
674
681C63CAP TANT SM 33 µF, 10 V (7343)Sprague293D336X9016D2T
694
701C47CAP TANT SM 22 µF, 20 V (7343)Sprague293D226X9020D2T
711C74CAP TANT SM 1 µF, 16 V (32 16)Sprague293D1 05X0016A 2T
722C52, C54CAP TANT SM 10 µF, 25/35 VSprag ue293D1060025D2T
731C56CAP TANT SM 100 µF 10 V (7343)AVXTPSD107K010R0100
741C64CAP TANT SM 330 µF 6.3 V (7343AVXTPSE337K063R0100
751C82CAP SM, 0.047 µF (0805)Keme tC0805 C473K5RAC
761R46Res/SM 1 W 1% 0.012 ohm (2512)DaleWSL-2512-R012
771R21Res/SM 1 W 1% 0.05 ohm (2512)DaleWSL-2512-R050
781R52Resistor/SM 1/2 W 5% 100 ohmBeckmenBCR 1/2 101 JT
7916
802R40, R55Resistor Pk SM RNC4R8P 22 ohmCTS742083220JTR
812R15, R16Resistor Pk SM RNC4R8P 470 ohmCTS742083471JTR
821R13Resistor Pk SM RNC4R8P 1.5 KohmCTS742083152JTR
832R22, R23Resistor Pk SM RNC4R8P 30 ohmCTS742083300JTR
841CR9Diode CMPSH3 Surface Mount
852CR6, CR7Diode SM / MBRS340T3MotorolaMBRS340T3
861CR8Diode/SM 1N4001 (CMR1-02)
871J5SDRAM, DIMM, ECC, 2Mx72, 16 MBUnigenUG52S7408GSG
651U15HeatSink/Fan Assy 8 0960RN/RMPanasonicUDQFNBEOIF
663C84CAP SM, 0.22 µF (12 06 )P hi lip s12062E224M9 B B2
673
684
691C63CAP TANT SM 33 µF, 10 V (7343)Sprague293D336X9016D2T
704
711C47CAP TANT SM 22 µF, 20 V (7343)Sprague293D226X9020D2T
721C74CAP TANT SM 1 µF, 16 V (32 16)Sprague293D1 05X0016A 2T
732C52, C54CAP TANT SM 10 µF, 25/35 VSprag ue293D1060025D2T
741C56CAP TANT SM 100 µF 10 V (7343)AVXTPSD107K010R0100
751C64CAP TANT SM 330 µF 6.3 V (7343)AVXTPSE337K063R0100
761C82CAP SM, 0.047 µF (0805)Keme tC0805 C473K5RAC
771R46Res/SM 1 W 1% 0.012 ohm (2512)DaleWSL-2512-R012
781R21Res/SM 1 W 1% 0.05 ohm (2512)DaleWSL-2512-R050
791R52Resistor/SM 1/2 W 5% 100 ohmBeckmenBCR 1/2 101 JT
807
812R40, R55Resistor Pk SM RNC4R8P 22 ohmCTS742083220JTR
822R15, R16Resistor Pk SM RNC4R8P 470 ohmCTS742083471JTR
831R13Resistor Pk SM RNC4R8P 1.5 KohmCTS742083152JTR
842R22, R23Resistor Pk SM RNC4R8P 30 ohmCTS742083300JTR
B-14Decoupling and 3.3V Power
B-15Primary PCI Interface
B-16Memory Controller
B-17Flash ROM, UART, & LEDs
B-18Logic Analyzer I /F
B-19SDRAM 168-Pin DIMM
B-20Secondary PCI/960 Core
B-21Secondary PCI Bu s 1/2
B-22Secondary PCI Bu s 3/4
B-23Battery/Monitor
// must be held low to ensure that the SDRAM is held in auto refresh mode.
// Reset going high will release the hold on SCKE.
END
OUT0 = SCKE0.PIN & PRSTn//SCKE is the set te r m, PRSTn is the reset term
# SCKE0.PIN & OUT0.PIN
# !SCKE0.PIN & PRSTn;
SCKE0 = 0;
SCKE0.OE = !OUT0;//When OUT = 0, SCKE is grounded
//When OUT = 1, SCKE is high impedance
OUT1 = SCKE1.PIN & PRSTn
# SCKE1.PIN & OUT1.PIN
# !SCKE1.PIN & PRSTn;
SCKE1 = 0;
SCKE1.OE = !OUT1;
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nualC-1
Recycling the Bat teryD
The IQ80960RM/RN platform contains four AA NiCd batteries. Each battery has the logo of the
Rechargeable Ba ttery Rec ycling Corporation (RBRC) stamped on it. The recycling fees have been
prepaid on these bat teries. Do not dispose of a rec hargeable battery with regular trash in a landfill.
Rechargeable batteries contain toxic chemi cals and metals that a re harmful to the environment.
Improperly disposing of rechargeable batteries is also illegal. The RBRC logo on a battery is a
verification that rec ycling fees have been prepaid to the RBRC and such a battery can be rec ycled
at no additional cost to the user. The RBRC is a non-profit corpor ation that promotes the recycling
of rechargeable batteries , including NiCd batteries.
Informati on on the RBRC program and the locations of participating recycling centers can be
obtained by telephoning 1-800-8-BATTERY (in the USA), and following the recorded
instructions. The information obtained from t his telephone numbe r is updated frequen tly, since the
RBRC program is growing, the ne w recycling location s ar e bei ng added regularly.
IQ80960RM/RN Evaluation Board Ma nualD-1
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