IBM TotalStorage 2109 M12, TotalStorage 2109 M14 User Manual

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch

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2109 Model M12 an d Model M14 User’s Gui de

Read Before Using

This product contains software that is licensed under written license agreements. Your use of such software is subject to the license agreements under which they are provided.

GC26-7636-00

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch

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2109 Model M12 an d Model M14 User’s Gui de

GC26-7636-00

to

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US

Note:

Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page 39.

First Edition (May 2004)

This publication replaces the IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch 2109 Model M12 user’s Guide (GC26–7468). The following paragraph does not apply to any country (or region) where such provisions are inconsistent with local

law. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION “AS IS” WITHOUT

WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states (or regions) do not allow disclaimer of express or implied warranties in certain transactions; therefore, this statement may not apply

you.

Order publications through your IBM representative or the IBM branch office serving your locality.

Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract

with IBM Corp.

AC

DC

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Contents

Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix

Safety and environmental notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi

Safety notices and labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi

Danger notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi

Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Caution notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Attention notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv

Safety inspections, installations, and service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv

Laser safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv

Usage restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv

Environmental notices and statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv

Battery notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv

Fire suppression systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv

Product recycling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv

Product disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv

About this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

Who should read this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

Model M12 and M14 library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

Related documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

Web sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii

Getting software updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii

Getting help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

How to send your comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

Chapter 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Product overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Throughput . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Link distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

SFP fiber optic transceivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Chapter 2. System design overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

High Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Serviceability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Hot-swappable FRUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Optical ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Ethernet port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Serial port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Rack mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Cable management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Worldwide name LED card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Chapter 3. Power distribution system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Power distribution strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Copyright IBM Corp. 2004

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2N power architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Chapter 4. CP blades and 16-port blades . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

blade assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

CPU subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Switch blade assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Switch blade assembly design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Chapter 5. Fault monitoring and diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Diagnostic tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

System status indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Cable-side LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Noncable side LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Chapter 6. Software features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Fabric OS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Fabric OS features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Interoperability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Network manageability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Chapter 7. Field replaceable units (FRUs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Appendix A. Product specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Model M12 and M14 components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Physical dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

2109 Model M12 and component weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

2109 Model C36 with M12 or M14 specifications . . . . . . . . . . . .28

16–port card specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

card specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Facility specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Environmental requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

General specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Regulatory specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Appendix B. Safety certifications and regulatory compliance . . . . . .37

Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

EMI/EMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Electronic emission notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Class A Statement . . . . .40

Industry Canada Class A Emission Compliance Statement . . . . . . . .40

Avis de conformité à la réglementation d’Industrie Canada . . . . . . . .40

European Union (EU) Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive . . . . . . .40

Germany Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive . . . . . . . . . . .41

Chinese Class A Electronic Emission Statement . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Taiwan Class A Electronic Emission Statement . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Japan VCCI Class A ITE Electronic Emission Statement . . . . . . . . .42

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch: 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Contents

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Figures

Port side of the 2109 Model M12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Port side of the 2109 Model M14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Blower (non-port) side of the M12 and M14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

M12 16–port card, port side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

M14 16–port card, port side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Copyright IBM Corp. 2004

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Tables

Brocade and IBM product and model number matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii

Power distribution system specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Power supply configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Cable side LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Noncable side LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Physical dimensions of the Model M12 and Model M14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Component weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

2109 Model C36 with Model M12 or M14 specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Memory specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

10. Battery specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

11. Terminal serial port pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

12. Modem serial port pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

13. Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

14. Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

15. Environmental requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

16. General specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

17. Regulatory specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Copyright IBM Corp. 2004

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Safety and environmental notices

This section contains information about:

“Safety notices and labels” “Safety inspections, installations, and service” on page xiv “Laser safety” on page xiv “Environmental notices and statements” on page xv

Safety notices and labels

When using this product, observe the danger, caution, and attention notices contained in this guide. The notices are accompanied by symbols that represent the severity of the safety condition. The danger and caution notices are listed in numerical order based on their IDs, which are displayed in parentheses, for example (D004), at the end of each notice. Use this ID to locate the translation of these danger and caution notices in the IBM (G229–9054) publication, which is on the CD-ROM that accompanies this product. See the following examples of danger and caution notices for the location of the ID number.

®

eServer

™

Safety Notices

Danger notices

Attention: Inspections, installations, and service procedures are for

trained service personnel only. While the typical operator does not have access to the product to perform inspections, installations, or service, the following comprehensive danger notice provides instructions on how to avoid shock hazards when working with such equipment.

danger notice calls attention to a situation that is potentially lethal or extremely hazardous to people. A lightning bolt symbol accompanies a danger notice to represent a dangerous electrical condition. A sample danger notice follows:

DANGER

An

electrical outlet that is not correctly wired could place hazardous voltage on metal parts of the system or the devices that attach to the system. It is the responsibility of the customer

ensure that the outlet is correctly wired and grounded to

prevent an electrical shock. (D004)

Copyright IBM Corp. 2004

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2.

3.

4.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

DANGER

Electrical

voltage and current from power, telephone, and

communication cables are hazardous.

avoid a shock hazard:

not connect or disconnect any cables or perform installation, maintenance, or reconfiguration of this product during an electrical storm.

Connect all power cords to a properly wired and grounded electrical outlet. Ensure outlet supplies proper voltage and phase rotation according to the system rating plate.

Connect any equipment that will be attached to this product to properly wired outlets.

When possible, use one hand only to connect or disconnect signal cables.

Never turn on any equipment when there is evidence of fire, water, or structural damage.

Disconnect the attached power cords, telecommunications systems, networks, and modems before you open the device covers, unless instructed otherwise in the installation and configuration procedures.

Connect and disconnect cables as described below when installing, moving, or opening covers on this product or attached devices.

Disconnect:

To

Turn everything OFF (unless instructed otherwise).

Remove power cords from the outlet.

Remove signal cables from connectors.

Remove all cables from devices.

Connect:

To

Turn everything OFF (unless instructed otherwise).

Attach all cables to devices.

Attach signal cables to connectors.

Attach power cords to outlet.

Turn device ON.

(D005)

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Labels

added precaution, safety labels are often installed directly on products or

product components to warn of potential hazards.

The actual product safety labels may differ from these sample safety labels:

DANGER

PSU1 PSU2

>240 V~

SJ000323

V~

> 240

Hazardous inside any component that has this label attached. (L001)

Do not service, there are no serviceable parts.

DANGER

Multiple

PN 18P4036

To remove all power to the device, disconnect all power cords.

SJ000325

voltage, current, or energy levels are present

power cords (L003)

Caution notices

caution notice calls attention to a situation that is potentially hazardous to people because of some existing condition. A caution notice can be accompanied by different symbols, as in the examples below:

the symbol is...

means....

hazardous electrical condition with less severity than

electrical danger.

generally hazardous condition not represented by other

safety symbols.

hazardous condition due to the use of a laser in the product. Laser symbols are always accompanied by the classification of the laser as defined by the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (for example, Class I, Class II, and so forth).

Sample caution notices:

CAUTION: This product is equipped with a 3–wire (two conductors and ground) power cable and plug. Use this power cable with a properly grounded electrical outlet to avoid electrical shock. (C018)

Safety and environmental notices

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An

Attention notices

system, or to data. An exclamation point symbol may accompany an attention notice, but is not required. A sample attention notice follows:

CAUTION: This product contains a Class 1M laser. Do not view directly with optical instruments. (C028)

attention notice indicates the possibility of damage to a program, device, or

Attention: Diagnostic tests can temporarily lock the transmit and

receive speed of the links during diagnostic testing.

Safety inspections, installations, and service

Attention: A typical operator does not have access to the product to

perform inspections, installations, or service. Detailed safety instructions for installation, inspection, and service are located in the specific installation and service guides. The procedures contained in those publications are for trained service personnel only.

Laser safety

This equipment contains Class 1 laser products, and complies with FDA radiation Performance Standards, 21 CFR Subchapter J and the international laser safety standard IEC 825-2.

CAUTION: This product contains a Class 1M laser. Do not view directly with optical instruments. (C028)

Attention: In the United States, use only SFP or GBIC optical transceivers that

comply with the FDA radiation performance standards, 21 CFR Subchapter J. Internationally, use only SFP or GBIC optical transceivers that comply with IEC standard 825–1. Optical products that do not comply with these standards may product light that is hazardous to the eyes.

Usage restrictions

The optical ports of the modules must be terminated with an optical connector or with a dust plug.

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Environmental notices and statements

This section describes the environmental notices and statements.

Battery notice

CAUTION: Only trained service personnel may replace this battery. The battery contains lithium. To avoid possible explosion, do not burn or charge the battery.

Not:

Throw or immerse into water

Heat to more than 100°C (212°F)

Repair or disassemble

Exchange battery as instructed by local regulations. In the United States, IBM has a process for the collection of this battery. For information, call 1-800-426-4333. Have the IBM part number for the battery unit available when you call. (C003)

only with the IBM-approved part. Recycle or discard the

Fire suppression systems

fire suppression system is the responsibility of the customer. The customer’s own insurance underwriter, local fire marshal, or a local building inspector, or both, should be consulted in selecting a fire suppression system that provides the correct level of coverage and protection. IBM designs and manufactures equipment to internal and external standards that require certain environments for reliable operation. Because IBM does not test any equipment for compatibility with fire suppression systems, IBM does not make compatibility claims of any kind nor does IBM provide recommendations on fire suppression systems.

Product recycling

This unit contains recyclable materials. These materials should be recycled where processing sites are available and according to local regulations. In some areas, IBM provides a product take-back program that ensures proper handling of the product. Contact your IBM representative for more information.

Product disposal

This unit might contain batteries. Remove and discard these batteries, or recycle them, according to local regulations.

Safety and environmental notices

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About this document

This document describes how to use the IBM TotalStorage Model M12 and Model M14. Throughout this document, the products are referred to

the Model M12 and Model M14, or simply the M12 and M14. The term switch

also applies to the two products.

The sections that follow provide information about:

“Who should read this document” “Model M12 and M14 library” “Related documents” “Web sites” on page xviii “Getting software updates” on page xviii “Getting help” on page xix “How to send your comments” on page xix

Who should read this document

This document is intended for naetwork and system administrators whose responsibilities include administering and managing a storage area network (SAN) that includes the M12 or M14.

Model M12 and M14 library

®™

SAN Switch 2109

The following documents contain information related to this product:

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch 2109 Model M14 Installation and Service Guide, GC26-7631

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch 2109 Model M12 Installation and Service Guide, GC26-7633

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide, GC26-7636 (this document)

IBM eServer Safety Notices G229–9054

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch Statement of Limited Warranty, GC26-7638

Related documents

You can find information related to the software that supports the M12 and M14 in the following documents:

Brocade Advanced Performance Monitoring User’s Guide

Brocade Advanced Web Tools User’s Guide

Brocade Advanced Zoning User’s Guide

Brocade Diagnostic and System Error Message Reference

Brocade Design, Deployment, and Management Guide

Brocade Fabric Manager User’s Guide

Brocade Fabric OS Procedures Guide

Brocade Fabric OS Reference

Brocade Fabric Watch User’s Guide

Brocade ISL Trunking User’s Guide

Brocade MIB Reference

Copyright IBM Corp. 2004

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Brocade SAN Migration Guide

Brocade Secure Fabric OS User’s Guide

When you use any of the Brocade documents, you will notice that the model numbers reflect the original Brocade switches. Table 1 provides a product matrix for you to use to correlate the Brocade model numbers to the IBM product and model numbers.

Table 1. Brocade and IBM product and model number matrix

Brocade model number

Silkworm 3250 Silkworm 3800 Silkworm 3850 Silkworm 3900 Silkworm 12000 Silkworm 24000

IBM product and model number

2005 Model H08 2109 Model F16 2005 Model H16 2109 Model F32 2109 Model M12 2109 Model M14

Web sites

You can find additional information related to the software for this and other switches at the following Web site:

http://www.ibm.com/servers/storage/support/san

get specific details about models and firmware that the switch supports, see the

following Web site:

http://www.storage.ibm.com/ibmsan/

For detailed information about the Fibre Channel standards, see the Fibre Channel Industry Association (FCIA) Web site at:

www.fibrechannel.org/

For a directory of worldwide contact information, including technical support, see the following Web site:

www.ibm.com/contact/

Getting software updates

Contact your software vendor for software updates and maintenance releases.

For utility programs to facilitate loading firmware, sample Fabric Watch configurations, and management information base (MIB) files for switch management by simple network management protocol (SNMP), see the following Web site: http://www.storage.ibm.com/ibmsan/index.html

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Getting help

Contact your switch supplier for technical support. This includes hardware support, all product repairs, and ordering of spare components.

prepared to provide the following information to support personnel: The switch serial number The switch worldwide name (licenseidshow command) The configuration (topologyshow command) Any output from the supportShow Telnet command

detailed description of the problem

Any troubleshooting steps that you have already performed

How to send your comments

Your feedback is important in helping us provide the most accurate and high-quality information. If you have comments or suggestions for improving this document, you can send us comments electronically by using the following addresses:

Internet: starpubs@us.ibm.com IBMLink IBMLink from Canada: STARPUBS at TORIBM IBM Mail Exchange: USIB3VVD at IBMMAIL

™

from U.S.A.: STARPUBS at SJEVM5

You can also mail your comments by using the Reader Comment Form in the back

this manual or direct your mail to:

International Business Machines Corporation Information Development Department GZW 9000 South Rita Road Tucson, Arizona 85744–0001 U.S.A.

When you send information to IBM, you grant IBM a nonexclusive right to use or distribute the information in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you.

About this document

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Chapter 1. Introduction

This chapter provides an overview of the IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch 2109 Model M12 and the Model M14. For the remainder of this document, these switches will

referred to as the Model M12 and Model M14, or simply the M12 and M14. These two switches will also be referred to as switches, when appropriate. Information that is common for both the M12 and M14 switches will be presented together, and information that applies to only one of the switches will be identified specifically.

Product overview

The 2109 Model M12 and M14 switches are advanced fibre-channel switches that are used to intelligently interconnect storage devices, hosts, and servers in a storage area network (SAN). They are revolutionary fibre-channel switch products, providing up to 128–ports that deliver unprecedented performance, scalability, flexibility, functionality, reliability, and availability. See Figure 1 on page 3 and Figure 2 on page 4.

The M12 and M14 both deliver a very high-density port, rack-ready solution to drive cost-effective SAN.

The dual switch capability allows either one or two 64–port switches per chassis. The switches can be interconnected to create a high port count solution, or they can be used in a dual fabric, high availability topology.

The switches support 1 Gbps and 2 Gbps auto-sensing fibre-channel ports. Trunking technology groups up to four ports together to create high performance

Gbps ISL trunks between switches. Universal ports self-configure as E_ports, F_ports, or FL_ports. Small form-factor pluggable (SFP) optical transceivers support any combination

short wavelength (SWL) and long wavelength (LWL) optical media on a single

switch module. The switches offer a high availability platform for mission-critical SAN-designed

applications. Dual redundant CPs provide high availability and enable nondisruptive software

upgrades. Both switches offer forward and backward compatibility with all IBM SAN

switches. The Fabric operating system (OS) delivers distributed intelligence throughout the

network and enables a wide range of value-added applications including Extended Fabrics, Fabric Access, Fabric Watch, Remote Switch, Web Tools, and Advanced Zoning.

High availability redundant design, extensive diagnostics, and system monitoring capabilities integrated with Fabric OS management tools deliver unprecedented reliability, availability, and serviceability.

The switches are nonblocking core fabric switches. They never prevent a server from being able to connect to storage, even under congestion. The backplane bandwidth between ports on the switches is sufficient to allow traffic to flow at full bandwidth.

Copyright IBM Corp. 2004

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2

Throughput

Link distance

The M12 and M14 provide continuous and sustained bandwidth to all ports in a single or dual 32-port or 64-port switch scenario at their rated line speed. Throughput is 2.125 Gbps inbound and outbound per port. All ports can be simultaneously loaded for up to 100% utilization at full bandwidth. The M14 backplane provides support for a 128-port switch, 10 bps fibre channel, IP connectivity, application processing and Infiniband.

Each port on the switch is auto-sensing and supports 1 Gbps or 2 Gbps speeds. You can manually set the ports to support either 1 Gbps or 2 Gbps links. The ports perform speed-matching, which allows 1 Gbps and 2 Gbps links to mix on any route within the fabric. When there is 1 Gbps in and 2 Gbps out, the ASIC delays transmitting the outbound frame until half the frame is received at 1 Gbps. With 2 Gbps in and 1 Gbps out, the ASIC delays releasing the buffer to ensure that the 1 Gbps transmit port has adequate time to empty it.

The M12 and M14 operate at up to 10 km (6.21 mi) at both 1 Gbps and 2 Gbps speed settings and supports LWL SFPs and single-mode fiber.

Using the Extended Fabrics optional software feature, the switch operates at distances greater than 10 km (6.21 mi) using various methods. The switch leverages the current dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) certification and is certified to interoperate with equipment from Optical Networks, Cisco Systems, Inc., Nortel Networks, and other leading vendors.

The switch operates at near full link speed at distances up to 100 km (62.13 mi) for

Gbps or 50 km (31.06 mi) for 2 Gbps speeds using the Extended Fabrics feature.

For information about Extended Fabrics, see Brocade Design, Deployment, and Management Guide.

SFP fiber optic transceivers

Each 16–port card (blade assembly) supports up to 16 SFP fiber optic transceivers that convert electrical signals to optical signals (and optical signals to electrical signals) and are capable of transmitting at both 1 Gbps and 2 Gbps speeds.

Each SFP fiber optic transceiver supports 850 nm SWL, on multimode fiber optic cable, or 1310 nm LWL, on single mode fiber optic cable. These miniature optical transceivers meet the high port density that is available in the M12 and M14 switches, deliver twice the port density of standard removable GBIC transceivers, and are encased in metal or shielded plastic to ensure low emissions and high thermal management. SFP devices are hot-swappable and connections are through industry-standard LC connectors.

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch: 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide

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Chapter 2. System design overview

The M12 and M14 switches are designed with a number of features that ensure that these switches are highly available, reliable, and serviceable. These products have a number of modular design features, allowing for ease and speed of maintenance, as well as future expansion. Some of the basic features are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 on page 4, and are described in sections below.

Exhaust Vent

CP Card

16-Port Card

Slot

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! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

RS-232

Link 10/100 Mb/s

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Power Supply 4

Power Supply 3

Power Supply 2

Power Supply 1

Figure 1. Port side of the 2109 Model M12

Copyright IBM Corp. 2004

AC Power Switch

AC Power Connector

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ON/OFF Switch (in "OFF" position)

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Cable Management Tray

m1400001

Figure 2. Port side of the 2109 Model M14

The chassis sizes for the M12 and M14 are identical. There are differences in the number of power supplies provided in a standard configuration, and in the CP and 16–port cards that populate the different model chassis. The blower side of both models is identical, consisting of three blower assemblies and a WWN bezel which displays summary status LEDs, as shown in Figure 3 on page 5.

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch: 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide

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Figure 3. Blower (non-port) side of the M12 and M14

These benefits of these features are described in more detail in the following sections.

The switch high availability features include:

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Blower Assembly 1

Redundant, hot-swappable control processors (CPs) with automatic failover Dual redundant ac input Hot-swappable, redundant power supplies in the power subsystem Hot-swappable blowers in the redundant cooling system Hot-swappable 16–port switch modules Non-disruptive ″hot″ firmware/software code loads and activation Easy configuration, save, and restore Enhanced data integrity on all data paths

Port Card and CP Card LEDs

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WWN Bezel Power Supply LEDs

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Blower Assembly 3

Chapter 2. System design overview

Blower Power LED

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Fabric Shortest Path First (FSPF) rerouting around failed links Integration with SNMP managers

The high-availability software architecture of these switches provides a common framework for all applications that reside on the system, allowing global and local states to be maintained enough to manage any component failure. High-availability elements consist of the High Availability Manager, the heartbeat, the fault/health framework, the replicated database, initialization, and software upgrade.

The High Availability manager:

Controls access to the standby CP Facilitates software upgrades Prevents extraneous switch-over activity Closes and flushes streams as needed Provides flow control and message buffering Supports a centralized active and standby state allowing the switch of activity to

controlled from a single point.

Reliability

Serviceability

addition to being available, the system must be reliable. This means that some, if not all, of its state must be maintained. In a reliable system, you are not aware of the internal state of a switch, and you experience continued system service with zero degradation.

The M12 and M14 switches provide the following features to ensure reliability:

Power-on self test (POST).

error detection and correction mechanism to protect all data in the switch.

Error detection and fault isolation, such as cyclic redundancy checking (CRC),

parity checking, checksum, and illegal address checking.

Dual CPs that enable hot, nondisruptive fast firmware upgrades. Each CP

contains two serial ports and one Ethernet port. Offline CP diagnostics and

remote diagnostics make troubleshooting easy. The standby CP continuously

runs diagnostics to ensure that it is operational should a failover be necessary.

Inter-IC (I²C) monitoring and control.

The M12 and M14 provide the following features to enhance and ensure serviceability:

Modular design with hot-swappable components

Redundant flash memory that stores two firmware images per CP

Extensive diagnostics and status reporting, along with a serial port to support an

external, country-specific modem for remote diagnostics and status monitoring

Nonvolatile random-access memory (NVRAM) that contains the OEM serial

number, IBM serial number, revision information, and part number information

Background health check daemon

Memory scrubber, self test, and bus ping to determine if a bus is not functioning

Watchdog timers

Status LEDs

Predictive diagnostics analysis through Fabric Watch

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch: 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide

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SNMP integration with higher layer managers

For basic information about diagnostics, see Chapter 5, “Fault monitoring and

diagnostics,” on page 19. Refer to Brocade Diagnostic and System Error Message

Reference for more detailed information. For information about Fabric Watch, see

Brocade Fabric Watch User’s Guide.

Hot-swappable FRUs

Many of the modular hot-swappable field replaceable units (FRUs) can be replaced

less than ten minutes by a qualified service representative. The hot-swappable

FRUs for both the M12 and M14 include the following:

16–port switch blade assembly

blade assembly SFP optical transceivers Blower assembly Power supply

cable management tray and cable guides (pillars).

worldwide name (WWN) light-emitting diode (LED) card on the non-port side that maintains chassis-specific information, such as WWNs, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and summary status information of each blade assembly and power supply.

Ports

Optical ports

eight hot-swappable 16-port switch blade assemblies can be installed to

Up deliver up to two separate 64-port fibre-channel switches in a single chassis (or a 128–port fibre-channel switch, M14 only). Two CP blade assemblies are installed in each chassis to provide automatic failover protection. A single active CP can control both logical switches in the chassis, allowing the replacement of the other CP without disruption.

Cables, blade assemblies, and power supplies are serviced from the cable side of the switch, and blowers are serviced from the noncable side.

Each switch blade assembly houses 16 auto-sensing 1–Gbps or 2–Gbps fibre-channel ports and uses SFP optical transceivers.

The M12 and M14 switches support the following port types:

Optical ports Ethernet port Serial port

Fibre-channel interfaces of the M12 and M14 are equipped with an optical port interface that uses an SWL, 780 to 850 nm, or an LWL, 1270 to 1350 nm, laser transmitter. The laser complies with FDA21 CFR (J) Class 1 laser safety requirements. It uses non-Open Fibre Control (OFC) optical SFPs in the M12 or M14 series circuit. Safe Class 1 operation is guaranteed by limiting the optical power that is emitted by the port, which eliminates the need for physical shutters.

The optical SFP uses the LC-duplex connector scheme.

Chapter 2. System design overview

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Ethernet port

Serial port

Numbering

The M12 and M14 provide a fully IEEE compliant 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T Ethernet port for switch management. The port has two LEDs that indicates:

Speed (10 Mbps or 100 Mbps) Status of the connection

Additionally, each CP has its own Ethernet port. You can choose to connect the Ethernet ports to each other through an Ethernet switch or to connect them to separate networks for greater availability. Each CP has its own unique IP address and is accessible independent of the other CP.

Each CP comes with two serial ports. The top serial port on the installed CP is an RS–232 port that is used for remote dial-in. The bottom port is used for accessing the console.

Rack mounting

Cooling system

The M12 and M14 switches use a numbering scheme that progresses from left to right and bottom to top in numerical order. The reference location is from the cable side of the chassis.

Blade assemblies are numbered from 1—10, from left to right. Ports are numbered from 0—15, from bottom to top. Power supplies are numbered from 1—4, from bottom to top. Blowers are numbered from 1—3, from left to right.

The mechanical design of the M12 and M14 allows rack mounting with either the cable side or the noncable side facing the front of the equipment rack. The chassis fits into a standard 19-inch EIA rack. Each chassis measures:

43.74 cm (17.22 in.) wide

70.87 cm (27.9 in.) deep (without the door)

61.24 cm (24.11 in.) high (less than 14U)

The M12 and M14 use a redundant system of three hot-swappable blowers. Cool air intake is from the noncable side of the chassis, is pressurized, and is forced through the system. Heated air exits at the top of the cable side of the chassis. The unit is cooled by three blowers that are used in conjunction with a pressurized plenum. Each blower assembly includes a blower control assembly, which provides the following features:

Blower status LEDs Blower speed sensing Blower speed control Serial electronically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) that

contains the part number, revision level, and error logs for the blade assembly Inlet air temperature monitoring

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch: 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide

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The M12 and M14 switches operate indefinitely if a single blower fails. When a blower assembly is removed, a mechanical flap seals the air chamber to maintain positive cooling air pressure in the chassis while the failed blower assembly is being replaced.

Cable management

The cable management tray and cable pillars provide easy access to the switch cables and allow you to organize and maintain the cables easily. Up to 128 pairs of fibre optic cables can be maintained on a single chassis. The cable management system is designed to allow any switch module to be replaced without disrupting service on any adjacent blade assemblies.

Worldwide name LED card

The worldwide name (WWN) LED card is the neutral location to accommodate the worldwide unique serial ID for each logical switch on the M12 and M14. It is an integral part of the chassis. The serial EEPROM device contains multiple serial numbers for identifying the chassis, back plane, and the WWN card itself.

alternative system status indicator, this card consolidates the status of all

modular components in the system on the cable side and presents the status to you

the form of LEDs on the noncable side. The arrangement of the LEDs on this

card resembles the look of status LEDs on the other side of the switch.

The LEDs provide the summary of cable-side system status on the switch as follows:

Two LEDs per blade assembly on the cable side of the cabinet.

Green indicates that the power is OK. Amber indicates that the blade needs attention.

Two LEDs per power supply. Both LEDs are in the same location.

v

Green indicates that the power is OK. Amber indicates that the power supply needs attention.

worldwide name (WWN) light-emitting diode (LED) card on the non-port side that maintains chassis-specific information, such as WWNs, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and summary status information of each blade assembly and power supply.

Chapter 2. System design overview

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Chapter 3. Power distribution system

The power subsystem for the M12 and M14 switches is a redundant +48 V dc power distribution system with a provision for up to four 1000–watt, 48 V dc bulk power supplies. Bulk power supplies produce the intermediate distribution voltage in the distributed power system. See Table 2 for the power distribution system specifications.

Table 2. Power distribution system specifications

Specification

Input voltage

Supported power range Input frequency range Power supplies (each)

Value

fully loaded switch requires a maximum of 2200 Volt-Amps. This results in a mains current of 9 amps at 240 V ac line voltage or 10 amps at 208 V ac line voltage.

The rated ac input range is 180–264 V ac. Nominal: 200–240 V ac, single phase 47–63 Hz Output voltages: 48 V at 20 amps; 12 V at 4 amps

Inrush current

Ride through

Under voltage protection

Power distribution strategy

All power for the blades comes from a single 48 V intermediate power bus. Great care is taken at each load to assure the integrity of the power bus.

The power supplies also provide a separate 12 V AUX voltage. This is used throughout the system to power the I²C logic and to monitor and control different system states.

AC input

Each ac input has an on-off circuit breaker switch. The power supply modules include input power filtering and power indicator LEDs. The power supply output remains within specific regulation for a minimum of 20 msec after the ac mains have been disconnected.

Maximum output power: 1000 watts

amps maximum, peak

The power supply outputs remain within specified regulation for a minimum of 20 msec after the ac mains are disconnected.

The power supply self-protects from any input voltage, static

dynamic, from zero volts to its operating ranges. It recovers to normal operation when it returns to its operating range.

Two detachable line cords provide ac input power to the chassis.

DC outputs

The M12 and M14 switches can use up to four power supplies, all of which are hot-swappable (see Figure 1 on page 3 and Figure 2 on page 4 for the location of the power supplies, power supply filler panels, and the ac input switches and inputs). Two power supplies receive input power from one of the ac inputs. The remaining two power supplies receive power from the other ac input. Only two

Copyright IBM Corp. 2004

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power supplies are required to run a completely loaded chassis. Therefore, if one

input fails, and all power supply modules are populated, the chassis continues to run uninterrupted. If a power supply module fails, the remaining power supply modules continue to provide uninterrupted power to the chassis. The power supplies are plugged directly into their power bays to an internal blind connector.

Each blade assembly has separate dc-dc converter bricks for each voltage that is required. This allows local regulation at the blade assembly, and provides for future flexibility to match voltage needs with blade assembly type.

maximize system availability when the switch blade assembly is plugged, it is initially powered off by the hardware. This ensures that adding a blade assembly does not bring the whole switch down if inadequate power is available. The system confirms sufficient power for the new module and then applies power. If sufficient power is not available (for example, if only one of the possible four power supplies are installed), the system does not allow more than four switch blade assemblies plus two CP blades to be powered up.

power architecture

The 2N power architecture is designed to protect against the loss of ac power. The M12 and M14 switches offers four power supply modules to assure maximum availability. Under normal operating conditions, only two power supplies are needed for full system operation. However, to ensure redundancy, two additional power supplies are available and are added in pairs, one per ac source.

Table 3 shows various supported power supply configurations and their respective levels of redundancy.

Table 3. Power supply configurations

Number of power supplies

Note: A single power cord results in the lack of ac source redundancy.

Number of power cords

Number of switch blades

Number of

blades

Number of blowers

Redundancy

Partial Yes Yes Yes

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Chapter 4. CP blades and 16-port blades

The M12 and M14 switch chassis contain two control processor (CP) blades and up

eight 16–port blades. The features of these two types of blades are described in

“CP blade assembly” on page 14 and “Switch blade assembly” on page 16.

With up to eight hot-swappable 16–port switch blade assemblies, the M12 and M14 deliver up to two separate 64–port fibre-channel switches in a single chassis (or a 128–port fibre-channel switch, M14 only). Each 64–port switch uses four 16–port blade assemblies. The blade assemblies for the M12 and M14 are the same form factor, but have observable differences in the ejectors, the ON/OFF switches, and the spacing of the ports. See Figure 4 and Figure 5 on page 14 to compare the different 16–port cards. The differences between the M12 and M14 CP blades are also most easily seen in the ejectors and the ON/OFF switches.

Power LED Direction to Push

Yellow Ejector Button

Status LED

Port Speed LED (16x)

Port Status LED (16x)

Ejector (2x)

!

Port (16x)

Direction to Push Yellow Ejector Button

SJ000637

Figure 4. M12 16–port card, port side

Copyright IBM Corp. 2004

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Figure 5. M14 16–port card, port side

CP blade assembly

Each chassis has two CP blade assemblies installed, one in slot 5, and the other in slot 6. One CP blade is the active CP, while the other is the standby CP. A single active CP can control both logical switches in the chassis. The M12 or M14 can continue to operate while one CP blade is replaced if the other CP blade continues

operate and no failover occurs (you can prevent failover by entering the

hadisable command). The active CP card is determined by the most recent failover.

The configuration on the active CP card is automatically mirrored to the standby CP card. The new CP card automatically assumes the IP address and host name assigned to the slot. If the new CP card does not have the same firmware as the active CP card, it must be upgraded or downgraded to the same firmware version.

The CP blade assembly controls the following switch functions or features:

System initialization Switch drivers

Ejector

(2x)

m1400009

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High availability drivers Name server System management Fabric OS Fabric Manager Extended Fabrics Fabric Watch Remote Switch Web Tools Zoning

The CP blade assembly is compliant with the PCI Local Bus Specification 2.1. It provides all control and management functions in an M12 or M14 platform.

For more information about these features, see the following documents:

Brocade Fabric Watch User’s Guide

Brocade Fabric Manager User’s Guide

Brocade Advanced Web Tools User’s Guide

Brocade Fabric OS Procedures Guide

Brocade Fabric OS Reference

Brocade Advanced Zoning User’s Guide

CPU subsystem

The PowerPC

®

405GP 200-MHz microprocessor (PPC405) resides on the CP blade assembly. It contains a high-performance reduced instruction set computer (RISC) core, synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM) controller, PCI bus interface, direct memory access (DMA) engine, serial ports, I²C interface, read-only memory, and general purpose I/O. In addition, the CP blade assembly features the following:

SDRAM controller that is built into the PPC405 with error correction support at 100 MHz.

SDRAM that supports 128 Mb configuration. Socket PLCC32 boot flash that supports 512 Kb. On-board compact flash that supports 256 Mb of software storage. Two 32–bit, 33 MHz PCI-PCI bridges nontransparent. Hot-plugged interface circuitry to support reliability, availability, serviceability and

failover. If one device stops functioning, the other device automatically takes its place.

One 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps management connection (RJ–45 connector type). Two universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART) serial ports: one modem

port for remote diagnostic testing and one terminal port for Telnet and command line interface (CLI) communication.

One amber LED to indicate the status for CP errors. One green LED to indicate the proper operation for the CP power. One green LED to indicate the system Ethernet 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps speed. One amber LED to indicate the system Ethernet link status. One digital thermometer for temperature sensing. One real-time clock (RTC) with battery.

Chapter 4. CP blades and 16-port blades

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Two I²C I/O expander devices.

The CP blade assemblies can be configured to support a single 2–blade assembly topology, dual 2–blade assembly topology, a 4–blade assembly topology, a dual 4–blade assembly topology, or an 8–blade assembly switch topology. Other topologies can be supported on an as needed basis. Each CP interfaces to switch blade assemblies using a standard Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus. This bus runs at 33 MHz and can be 32 or 64 bits wide (bus 1 and 2). The CP blade assembly supports the following switch configurations:

Single 32–port switch with dual CPs Dual 32–port switches with dual CPs Single 64–port switch with dual CPs Dual 64–port switches with dual CPs Single 128–port switch with dual CP (M14 only)

The CPs manage as many as eight switch blade assemblies within a single switch and monitor up to four power supplies, three blowers, three inlets (in the blower), up

outlet temperature monitors (one per blade assembly), and other blade assembly-specific environmental features, such as voltages. The CP can individually reset each blade assembly, detect the status of each blade assembly (installed/not installed), manage the interrupt and service demand from each blade assembly, control the ability of a blade assembly to drive or not drive the PCI bus, and determine the error status of each blade assembly.

Switch blade assembly

eight 16–port switch blade assembly can be installed in the chassis of the M12 or M14. Each switch blade assembly provides 16 external fibre-channel ports that run at 1 Gbps and 2 Gbps. A full switch consists of up to four switch blade assemblies and provides up to 64 ports in multiples of 16 ports.

The switch blade assembly is responsible for fibre-channel switch circuitry and houses the switch application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), backplane serial-deserializer (SERDES), external SERDES, and status LEDs for external SERDES such as port speed and port state, as well as the SFP fiber optic media. The SERDES performs two key functions. It receives the serial data stream of the system and converts it to a parallel stream. It also transmits parallel data streams to serial data streams.

Each switch blade assembly is hot-swappable and can be installed while the switch

running. Long pins, short pins, or both are used on the backplane to assure proper ground-voltage-signal sequencing. Field effect transistor (FET) switches, such as QuickSwitches, are used to isolate the PCI interfaces.

When a switch blade assembly is inserted, the power regulation circuitry inhibits the on-board dc converter (DCC) and maintains the switch blade assembly as turned off. The CP, under software control, enables the DCC and thus turns on the switch blade assembly. When the switch blade assembly is ready it interrupts the CP for initialization.

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Each switch blade assembly has an on-board serial EEPROM that is only accessible through the I²C bus interface. This serial EEPROM can be accessed by

determine information, including: OEM serial number IBM serial number Manufacturing date Manufacturing location Part number Revision Error logs

Switch blade assembly design

The following are the dimensions of the switch blade assembly:

42.06 cm (16.56 in.) high

29.74 cm (11.71 in.) wide

3.58 cm (1.41 in.) deep

Each switch blade assembly is connected to the backplane through high performance connectors.

The switch blade assembly provides 16 external fibre-channel ports. Each of the 16 ports per blade assembly are auto-sensing, speed matching at 1 Gbps and 2 Gbps, support trunking, and are universal (E_port, F_port, and FL_port). Port speed can

managed through the management interface.

Chapter 4. CP blades and 16-port blades

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Chapter 5. Fault monitoring and diagnostics

Fault monitoring, diagnostic tests, and system status indicators simplify switch management and ensure the availability of the M12 and M14 switches.

Diagnostic tests

Diagnostic testing occurs in three areas: power-on self test (POST), switch level testing, and manufacturing tests.

The POST tests are blade oriented and ensure that the switch is ready for use. Testing is performed on physical ports.

Switch level tests are done at the user port level. The tests rely on the standard Fabric OS support to provide routing and port setup.

Manufacturing support includes long duration testing.

System status indicators

LEDs on the noncable side of the switch summarize the system status of each switch blade assembly, each CP blade assembly, and each power supply module. The blowers, which are accessible on the noncable side, also have LEDs that indicate their status.

Cable-side LEDs

Table 4 describes the appearance of the LEDs on the cable side of the system:

Table 4. Cable side LEDs

LED location

System status panel

blade assembly

Each port on a switch card

Indication

Green indicates that the blade assembly has power.

Amber indicates that the blade assembly needs attention.

Contains two additional LEDs for its Ethernet ports

Green indicates link speed.

indicates 100 Mbps operation.

Off indicates 10 Mbps operation.

Amber indicates link status.

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Solid on indicates a link is not good. Flashing indicates a link is OK. Off indicates that no link is detected.

Contains two LEDs.

To p LED:

Green indicates 2.125 Gbps. Off indicates 1.0625 Gbps.

Bottom LED:

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Green indicates the port is operational. Amber indicates the port is off or

disabled.

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Table 4. Cable side LEDs (continued)

Each power supply

Contains three LEDs.

Green

Solid indicates that ac is applied and power outputs are OK.

Flashing indicates that only the auxiliary output is valid.

Amber center light is a predictive failure

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light.

indicates that a power supply might fail due to a poorly performing fan. A replacement should be scheduled soon.

Amber lower light is a fault light.

indicates that a power supply has failed and a replacement is necessary.

Noncable side LEDs

Table 5 describes the appearance of the LEDs on the noncable side of the system:

Table 5. Noncable side LEDs

LED location

Blower

Blower system status panel

Additional status reporting functions are provided by the Fabric Watch feature. For information about Fabric Watch, see Brocade Fabric Watch User’s Guide.

Indication

Green indicates that the blade assembly has power.

Amber indicates that the blade assembly needs attention.

Green indicates that the blower assembly has power.

Amber indicates that the blower assembly needs attention.

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Chapter 6. Software features

Fabric OS Version 4.2 supports the Model M12 and M14 switches. Fabric OS includes all the basic switch and fabric support software as well as optionally licensed software that is enabled using license keys. It is comprised of two major software components: firmware that initializes and manages the switch hardware, and diagnostics.

Optionally licensed products include:

Extended Fabrics Provides up to 100 km (62.14 mi.) of switched fabric connectivity at full

bandwidth over long distances. Fabric Watch Monitors mission-critical fabric parameters. Remote Switch Enables switches to interconnect over Wide Area Network (WAN) using

third-party gateway solutions that support FC over IP, FC over ATM, and FC over SONET.

Fabric Manager Administers, configures, and maintains fabric switches and SANs with host-based

software. Web Tools Administers, configures, and maintains fabric switches and SANs. Advanced Zoning Segments a fabric into virtual private SANs.

Fabric OS

See the following documents for more information about Fabric Watch, Fabric Manager, and Web Tools:

Brocade Fabric Watch User’s Guide

Brocade Fabric Manager User’s Guide

Brocade Advanced Web Tools User’s Guide

Brocade Design, Deployment and Management Guide

Brocade Advanced Zoning User’s Guide

Fabric OS is a robust operating system for high-performance, scalable SANs. Fabric OS allows you to:

Rapidly build highly resilient, fault-tolerant multiswitch SAN fabrics. Ensure high-speed access to business-critical data. Allow hosts to dynamically share storage resources. Rapidly scale the SAN by simply plugging in new devices with no configuration

required. Software upgrades are nondisruptive. Integrate private loops, private hosts, load balancing and sophisticated SAN

management. Easily manage the switches, hosts and devices that comprise the SAN.

The Fabric OS for the M12 and M14 allows any fibre-channel-compliant device to attach to the switches as long as it conforms to the device login, name service, and

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related fibre-channel feature standards. Each operating environment requires that a fibre-channel host bus adapter (HBA) be available with a standards-compliant driver for proper interface to the fabric.

Fabric OS consists of a set of embedded applications running on top of an embedded real-time Linux operating system kernel. These applications include the following:

Name server Alias server Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent Several tasks to manage the following:

Address assignment Routing Link initialization Fabric initialization Link shutdown Switch shutdown User interface

Fabric OS features

The Fabric OS supports the following features and functions:

same pair of switches to be grouped and to act as a single, high-speed “pipe” or trunk with a capacity of up to 8 Gbps. In-order delivery of frames is guaranteed and ISLs can be added to or removed from the trunking group seamlessly without causing rerouting. For more information, see Brocade ISL Trunking User’s

Guide.

Advanced Zoning augments the Zoning capabilities brought forward from the 3534 1RU switch with the ability for hardware to enforce zoning by WWN. This new feature maintains the superior security of hardware-enforced zoning configurations, even if one or more hosts get moved to attach through different switch ports. The same frame filtering technology that enables hardware-enforced WWN zoning can be used in subsequent releases to enable hardware enforcement of zoning by protocol or down to the LUN level. For more information, see Brocade Advance Zoning User’s Guide.

The optional Performance Monitoring software feature improves on the ability of the basic Fabric OS to monitor performance on switch ports. Fabric OS by itself can report gross traffic loads, port utilization, and error counts on each port. Performance Monitoring applies frame filtering technology to measure these quantities for separate data streams (or routes) that make up the traffic on each port, breaking the statistics out by source ID (SID), destination ID (DID), or SID/DID pair. Thus you can find out not only what is happening on each port, but also the source of the activity. For more information, see Brocade Advanced

Performance Monitoring User’s Guide.

Each blade assembly includes port status and port speed indicators, auto-negotiation between 1 Gbps and 2 Gbps per port with the ability to override auto-negotiation. One or two functional switches can occupy a single M12 or M14 chassis.

The blowers and power supply modules can be hot-added without service interruption.

optional software feature, ISL Trunking, allows up to four ISLs between the

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The blowers and power supply modules can be hot-removed without service interruption.

Detailed environmental monitoring including blade assembly temperature, blower status, power supply status, and dc-dc converter status is supported.

Reporting of FRU and backplane information including serial number and revision

supported.

Indicators including power supply module status, Ethernet port status, and unit power or status indicators on both the cable and noncable sides of the switch is supported.

Performance reporting including new ASIC features is supported. Power control of individual blade assemblies is supported to ensure that power

supplies are not overtaxed.

Fabric OS Version 4.2 interoperates with 3534 Model 1RU (minimum version 2.6). McData ED-5000 (from operating system version 4.0) interoperability is also provided.

Security

Secure Telnet access is available using Secure Shell (SSH), a network security protocol for secure remote login and other secure network services over an insecure network.

Web Tools management is available through a secure browser using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). The SSL security protocol provides data encryption, server authentication, message integrity, and optional client authentication for a TCP/IP connection. Because SSL is built into all major browsers and Web servers, installing

digital certificate turns on the SSL capabilities. For more information about Web

Tools, see Brocade Advanced Web Tools User’s Guide.

Network manageability

The entire switch is managed as a single element and appears as a single element

Network Management System (NMS). Each 64–port switch responds to its own

address and appears as a separate entity to the Telnet protocol and the SNMP.

The management interfaces include blade assemblies as an intermediate component between switches and ports. In addition, all management interfaces such as, Telnet, Web Tools, the Fabric Access Layer API, and Management Server, support a “port N within blade M” naming scheme.

When SNMP devices send SNMP messages to a management console running SAN management software, the information is stored in a Management Information Base (MIB). The Fabric OS Version of the M12 and M14 supports the latest Fibre Alliance fibre-channel management (FCMGMT) MIBs, which allow common information necessary for management software to provide information to a SAN administrator.

Chapter 6. Software features

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Chapter 7. Field replaceable units (FRUs)

Many of the FRUs in the M12 and M14 are hot-swappable, to provide high availability, and to simplify service. Fault isolation to the FRU level provides failure containment, particularly in highly redundant systems such as the M12 and M14 switches. Each FRU within the switch can be identified remotely with the FRU part number, serial number, and revision level.

The CP dynamically isolates any FRU that is nonfunctional for ease of repair and replacement as well as to prevent a nonfunctional blade assembly from affecting system availability. Each switch blade assembly has 128K bits of nonvolatile memory and takes inventory of the system and determines the contents of the system electronically. For example, you can perform the following tasks:

Determine how long components have been running when they fail View error logs View operating hours View log histories to determine MTBF

For more information about how to perform these tasks, see the Brocade Fabric OS Reference.

The FRUs for the M12 and M14 include:

16–port fibre-channel switch module (blade)

blade Card (blade) slot filler panel Power supply (180–264 V ac, 1000 W) Power supply filler panel Blower assembly, including blower, control board, and housing WWN card and bezel Cable management tray Cable management guides (package of 16)

input cable: North America, UK, continental Europe, Australia and New

Zealand, and international IEC 60309 Serial cable SFP SWL transceiver SFP LWL transceiver Chassis door Chassis, including backplane, blower and power supply backplane, ac harness,

and blower harness (does not include blower assemblies or power supplies) Rack mount kit, including rear brackets and bottom support rack rails Optional mid-mount rack kit

For more information about the FRUs, see IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch 2109

Model M14 Installation and Service Guide and IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch 2109 Model M12 Installation and Service Guide.

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Appendix A. Product specifications

This appendix contains the Model M12 and Model M14 specifications. All specifications, unless otherwise noted are for both the M12 and the M14.

Model M12 and M14 components

The M12 and M14 contain the following components:

14U chassis, designed to be mounted in a 48.26 cm (19 in.) rack. Two 2109

Model M12 or M14 switches can be mounted in a 2109 Model C36 cabinet. 16–port cards in configurations up to eight cards per chassis, with 16 optical

ports per card, compatible with SFPs. Two CP cards, each with:

One modem serial port with a DB–9 connector (full RS–232) One terminal serial port with a DB-9 connector (RS–232 signal subset) One IEEE compliant RJ–45 connector for use with a 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps

Ethernet connection

real-time clock (RTC) with a 10–year battery and 56 bytes of NVRAM

Two (M14) or four (M12) power supplies with built-in fans. The power supplies

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plug into internal blind-mate connectors when installed in the chassis. Two ac power inlet connectors with ac power switches (power panel).

WWN card and bezel.

Three blower assemblies for forced-air cooling of the 16–port cards and the CP cards.

Air enters inlet vents on the blower assembly side of the chassis and exits through vents on the port side of the chassis. The blower speed is governed by inlet air temperature. The blowers go into high speed when the inlet air temperature exceeds 33°C (91°F).

Physical dimensions

The dimensions of the M12 and M14 are listed in Table 6.

Table 6. Physical dimensions of the Model M12 and Model M14

Dimension

Height Depth Depth with door Width

2109 Model M12 and component weights

The weight of a fully-loaded M12 and M14, as well as the weights of individual components, are listed in Table 7.

Table 7. Component weights

Component

Fully loaded chassis

M12 component weight

Approximately 114 kg (250.0 lbs)

Value

14U (24.11 in.)

70.9 cm (27.9 in.)

72.9 cm (28.7 in.)

43.7 cm (17.2 in.)

M14 component weight

Approximately 96 kg (212.0 lbs)

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Table 7. Component weights (continued)

Component

Empty chassis Door Blower assembly Power supply WWN bezel

card 16–port card Card filler panel Cable management tray

M12 component weight

47.1 kg (104.0 lbs)

3.4 kg (7.6 lbs) (8.8 lbs)

3.2 kg (7.0 lbs)

0.27 kg (0.6 lbs)

2.5 kg (5.6 lbs)

3.9 kg (8.6 lbs)

1.6 kg (3.2 lbs)

0.27 kg (0.6 lbs)

2109 Model C36 with M12 or M14 specifications

M14 component weight

47.1 kg (104.0 lbs)

3.4 kg (7.6 lbs) (8.8 lbs)

3.2 kg (7.0 lbs)

0.27 kg (0.6 lbs)

3.3 kg (7.2 lbs)

3.0 kg (6.7 lbs)

1.5 kg (3.3 lbs)

0.27 kg (0.6 lbs)

The specifications for the 2109 Model C36 with Model M12 or M14 are listed in Table 8.

Table 8. 2109 Model C36 with Model M12 or M14 specifications

Dimension

Height Depth

Width

EIA units Weight

16–port card specifications

The ports in the 2109 Model C36 with Model M12 or M14 support full-duplex link-speeds at 2.125 Gbps or 1.0625 Gbps, inbound and outbound, automatically negotiating to the highest common speed of all the devices that are connected to the port. Each port has a serializer/deserialize (SERDES) that accepts 10–bit wide parallel data and serializes it into a high-speed serial stream. The parallel data is expected to be 8B/10B encoded data or equivalent.

Value

1785 mm (70.3 in.)

With rear door installed: 1042 mm (41 in.) With rear and front door installed: 1098 mm (43.3 in.)

With side panels installed: 650 mm (25.6 in.) Without side panel installed: 623 mm (24.5 in.)

EIA units

Cabinet with two 2109 Model M12 switches: 816 kg (1795 lb) Cabinet

with two 2109 Model M14 switches: 780 kg (1720 lb)

The ports are compatible with optical SWL (780–850 nm), and optical LWL (1270–1350 nm), SFPs, and SFP-compatible cables. The strength of the signal is determined by the type of SFP being used.

The ports are universal and self-configuring, and are capable of becoming F_ports, FL_ports, or E_ports.

The ports meet all required safety standards. For more information about these standards, see Table 17 on page 34.

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CP card specifications

This section describes the specifications for the CP card.

Memory specifications

The centralized memory maximizes switch throughput by guaranteeing full transmit and receive bandwidth to all fibre-channel ports at all times.

Each CP card contains the type and specification of memory listed in Table 9.

Table 9. Memory specifications

Memory type

Main memory Flash memory

Boot flash memory

Amount

128 MB of SDRAM (32 bits wide)

User flash: 16 MB of 16–bit wide memory, stored in two 8 MB banks

Compact flash: 256 MB, partitioned in two 128 MB sections

512 KB of 8–bit wide memory for system startup

Battery specifications

The CP card has a lithium carbon-monoflouride coin cell battery.

Table 10 lists the battery specifications.

Table 10. Battery specifications

Type

Rayovac BR1225

CAUTION: Only trained service personnel may replace this battery. The battery contains lithium. To avoid possible explosion, do not burn or charge the battery.

Not

Throw or immerse into water

Heat to more than 100°C (212°F)

Repair or disassemble.

Exchange

only with the IBM-approved part. Recycle or discard the battery as instructed by local regulations. In the United States, IBM has a process for the collection of this battery. For information, call 1-800-426-4333. Have the IBM part number for the battery unit available when you call. (C002)

Specification

3.0 volt, 50 mAh

Terminal serial port specifications

Each CP card provides a terminal serial port with a DB–9 connector with an RS–232 signal subset.

Note:

For dust and END protection, a cover is provided for the serial port and should be kept on the port whenever the serial port is not being used.

Appendix A. Product specifications

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You can use the terminal serial port to connect to a computer workstation or terminal without connecting to the fabric. Configure the terminal device to 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, and with no flow control.

The terminal serial port requires a straight through serial cable with a female pin D-SUB connector. Use the pinouts listed in Table 11.

Table 11. Terminal serial port pinouts

Signal

Description

Exudate Rewaxed

AND

Transmit data Receive data

Logic ground

Modem serial port specifications

Each CP card has a modem serial port with a fully RS–232 compliant DB–9 connector.

Note:

Use the modem serial port to attach a modem to each CP card. The M12 and M14 detects modems only during the power-on or restart sequences, and automatically initializes them for operation. If modems are connected to an operating switch, a power on and off cycle, restart, or fast restart is required in order to detect the modems.

For dust and ESD protection, a cover is provided for the serial port and should be kept on the port whenever the serial port is not being used.

You should connect a “Y.” cable on the telephone line to each modem. The active

card answers on the first ring. The standby CP card answers on the seventh

ring if the active CP card fails to answer.

The modem serial port pinouts are listed in Table 12.

Table 12. Modem serial port pinouts

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch: 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide

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DCD Rewaxed Exudate DTR AND DSR RTS CTS

Description

Receive data Transmit data Data term ready Logic ground Data set ready Request to send Clear to send Ring indicator

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Facility specifications

ensure correct operation of the 2109 Model C36 with Model M12 or M14, ensure

that the facility meets the following specifications:

Power requirements for a physical inlet:

Input power requirements: 200—240 V ac, 12A, 50—60 Hz Recommended power connector.

adequate supply circuit, line fusing, and wire size, according to the electrical

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rating on the switch nameplate.

air flow of at least 350 cubic feet per minute per switch, available in the

immediate vicinity of the 2109 Model C36. The power specifications listed in “Power specifications.” The environmental specifications listed in “Environmental requirements” on page

32. Interference less than the standard levels listed in Table 16 on page 33, under

Immunity.

Power specifications

DANGER

Multiple power cords. (L003)

The 2109 Model C36 with Model M12 or M14 supports F_port, FL_port, and E_port connections and distributed name server (DNS). It is electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) compliant.

The power supplies are universal and capable of functioning worldwide without using voltage jumpers or switches. They meet IEC 61000–4–5 surge voltage requirements and are autoranging in terms of accommodating input voltages and line frequencies. Each power supply has its own built-in fan for cooling, pushing the air towards the port side of the chassis.

The power specifications listed in Table 13 are calculated for fully-loaded systems with four power supplies. The power specifications listed in Table 14 on page 32 are calculated for fully-loaded systems with two power supplies. A fully-loaded system has eight 16–port cards, two CP cards, and three blower assemblies.

Table 13 lists the power specifications for the 2109 Model C36 with Model M12.

Table 13. Power specifications

Specification

Total power available from each power supply

Input voltage Input line frequency Harmonic distortion

Value

200—240 V ac 50—60 Hz Active power factor correction per

IEC1000–3–2

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Table 13. Power specifications (continued)

Specification

Heat output (BTU rating)

Value

ports: 1080 watts, 3690 BTU per hour

128 ports : 1960 watts, 6700 BTU per

hour Maximum inrush current per power cord Input line protection Power supply dimensions

amps Peak

Thermal circuit breaker

6.96 cm (2.74 in.) wide, 12.34 cm (4.86 in.) high, 34.29 cm (13.50 in.) long

Table 14 lists the power specifications for the 2109 Model C36 with Model M14

Table 14. Power specifications

Specification

Input voltage

Supported power range Input frequency range Power supplies (each)

Maximum ac inrush current per power cord 40 amps, peak Ride through

Under voltage protection

Value

fully loaded switch requires a maximum of

750 Volt-Amps This results in a main current

3.2 amps at 240 V ac line voltage or 3.6 amps at 208 V ac line voltage. The rated ac input range is 180 to 264 V ac.

200–240 V ac, single phase 47–63 Hz Output voltages: 48 V at 20 amps; 12 V at 4

amps Maximum output power: 1000 watts

The supply outputs remain within specified regulation for a minimum of 20 msec after the ac mains are disconnected.

The M14 power supply self-protects from any input voltage, static or dynamic, from zero volts to its operating ranges. It recovers to normal operation upon returning to its operating range.

Environmental requirements

Table 15 lists the environmental operating ranges for the 2109 Model C36 with Model M12 or M14. The requirements for non-operating conditions are also provided for acceptable storage and transportation environments.

Table 15. Environmental requirements

Condition

Temperature (See Note)

Humidity

Altitude

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch: 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide

Acceptable range during operation

10°—40°C (50°—104°F)

20%—80% RH noncondensing, at 40°C

0—3 km (0—10 000 ft) above sea level

Acceptable range during nonoperation

10°—52°C (50°—126°F)

0%—90% RH noncondensing, at 40°C

0—12 km (0—39 370 ft) above sea level

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Table 15. Environmental requirements (continued)

Condition

Shock

Vibration

Heat dissipation

Note: Temperature measured at the air inlets on the blower assembly side of the chassis.

General specifications

Table 16 lists the general specifications for the 2109 Model C36 with Model M12 or M14.

Acceptable range during operation

4G, 11 MS duration, half-sine wave

5G, 0—3 kHz at 1.0 octave per minute

ports: 3690 BTU per hour

128 ports: 6700 BTU per hour

Acceptable range during nonoperation

0G, 11 MS duration, sq wave

10G, 0—5 kHz at 1.0 octave per minute

Not applicable

Table 16. General specifications

Specification

Configurable port types

EMC compatibility

System architecture System processor ANSI fibre-channel protocol

Modes of operation

Description

The M12 and M14 support F_port, FL_port, and E_port connections.

EmissionsAn operating 2109 Model C36 with Model M12 or M14 conforms to the EMI radiation levels specified by the following regulations:

FCC Rules and Regulations, Part 15B, Class A level

CISPR22 Class A EN55022 Class A VCCI Class A ITE AS/NZS 3548 Class A CNS 13438 Class A ICES–003 Class A

Immunity

IEC 61000–4–2 Severity Level 3 for Electrostatic Discharge

IEC 61000–4–3 Severity Level 3 for Radiated Fields

IEC 61000–4–4 Severity Level 3 for Fast Transients

IEC 61000–4–5 Severity Level 3 for Surge Voltage

IEC 61000–4–6 Conducted Emissions

IEC 61000–4–11 Voltage Variations Nonblocking shared-memory switch IBM Power PC 405GP, 200 MHz CPU FC-PH (Fibre Channel Physical and

Signaling Interface standard) Fibre Channel Class 2 and Class 3, and

Class F

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Table 16. General specifications (continued)

Specification

Fabric initialization Internet protocol (IP) over fibre-channel

Description

Complies with FC-SW 5.0 Complies with FC-IP 2.3 of the FCA profile

(FC-IP) Aggregate switch input/output (I/O)

bandwidth

Per port: 4 Gbps, running at 2 Gbps, full duplex

Per 16-port card: 64 Gbps, all 16 ports at 2 Gbps, full duplex

Port-to-port latency

Less than 2 microseconds with no contention (destination port is free)

Data transmission range

500 m (1625 ft) for short wavelength

optical link

(32,820 ft) for long

wavelength optical link

Acoustics

When measured in EIA 4 of a 36 EIA TotalStorage rack, with front cover, and rear cover with acoustic baffle, declared sound power is LwAd = 7.5 B, average bystander sound pressure is LpA = 59 dBA.

Routing capacity

minimum aggregate routing capacity of four million frames per second (for Class 2, Class 3, and Class F frames in a 64–port switch)

Regulatory specifications

Thel M12 and M14 are certified for the regulatory specifications listed in Table 17.

Table 17. Regulatory specifications

Country or region

Canada United States UL 60950 Third Ed., Info. Tech. Equip.

Japan

International Norway

Safety specification

CSA 22.2 No. 60950 Third Ed.

IEC 60950+A1+A2+A3+A4+A11

IEC 60950+A1+A2+A3+A4+A11 IEC 60950+A1+A2+A3+A4+A11

(NEMKO CB Report)

EMC specification

ICES-003, Class A FCC Part 15, Subpart B,

(CFR title 47) Class A VCCI V-3/2000.04, Class

CISPR22 Class A

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Table 17. Regulatory specifications (continued)

Country or

Safety specification

EMC specification

region

European Union

73/23/EEC based on compliance to

89/336/EEC

(Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom)

Australia and New Zealand

60950:92 +A1:93+A2:93+A3:95+

A4:96+A11:97 (CB report inclusive of county deviations); TUV-GS (Germany)

55022:1998 Class A

60825–1:1994/A11, -2

61000–4–2 Severity Level 3 for Electro Static Discharge

61000–4–3 Severity Level 3 for Radiated Fields

61000–4–4 Severity Level 3 for Electrical Fast Transients

61000–4–5 Severity Level 3 for Surge Voltage

61000–4–6 Conducted Emissions

61000–4–8 Magnetic Fields

61000–4–11 Line Interruption

AS/NZS 3548:1995 Class

(radio interference)

The 2109 Model C36 is certified for the following regulatory specifications:

IEC 60950/EN 60950 Third Ed. CSA 60950–00/ANSI-UL 60950 Third Ed.

(7/23/EEC based on EN 60950 Third Ed.; 89/336/EEC)

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Appendix B. Safety certifications and regulatory compliance

The switch complies with all the safety and regulatory standards listed in this chapter.

Safety

The switch is certified to:

UL1950/CSA950 binational IEC950/EN 60950 (Nemko & TUV; CE)

Additionally, the following Product Safety/Country or Region Testing/Certifications has been completed.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) statement (United States) Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) mark (Japan) BSMI (Taiwan) C-tick mark (Australia)

Mark (Europe) Canada class number GOST approval (Russia) NOM mark (Mexico)

EMI/EMC

Immunity

Radiated Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI) emissions for the power supply operating in a single or redundant power configuration comply with EMI levels specified by the following regulations:

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive 89/336/EEC and the Complementary Directives 92/31/EEC and 93/68/EEC

Low Voltage Directive (LVD 73/23/EEC and the Complementary Directive 93/68/EEC

FCC Docket No. 20780, Part 15J, Class B level CISPR22 Class A EN55022 Class B VCCI Class A ITE

Additionally, the power supply has received a CE Mark for susceptibility and complies with the following Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) regulations:

EN50082–2/EN55024:1998 (European Immunity Requirements)

61000–3–2 (Harmonics) 61000–3–3 (Voltage Fluctuations) 55024 (Immunity)

The switch provides immunity 50% greater than the levels specified by EN 55024 and complies with the following specifications:

61000–4–2, Severity Level 3 for ESD

61000–4–3, Severity Level 3 for RF Fields

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61000–4–4, Severity Level 3 for EFT/Burst 61000–4–5, Severity Level 3 for Surge Voltage 61000–4–11, Power, Sag, Dip, and Variations

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Notices

This information was developed for products and services offered in the U. S. A.

IBM may not offer the products, services, or features discussed in this document in other countries. Consult your local IBM representative for information on the products and services currently available in your area. Any reference to an IBM product, program, or service is not intended to state or imply that only that IBM product, program, or service may be used. Any functionally equivalent product, program, or service that does not infringe on any IBM intellectual property right may

used instead. However, it is the user’s responsibility to evaluate and verify the

operation of any non-IBM product, program, or service.

IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter described in this document. The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents. You can send license inquiries, in writing to:

IBM Director of Licensing IBM Corporation North Castle Drive Armonk, N.Y. 10504-1785 U.S.A.

The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any other country where such provisions are inconsistent with local law:

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS

IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES

NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states do not allow disclaimer of express or implied warranties in certain transactions, therefore, this statement may not apply to you.

This information could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this publication at any time without notice.

Information concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of those products, their published announcements or other publicly available sources. IBM has not tested those products and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products.

IBM may use or distribute any of the information you supply in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you.

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Trademarks

The following terms are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both:

IBM Netfinity TotalStorage

Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT

®

are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation

the United States, other countries, or both.

®

UNIX

registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other

countries.

Other company, product, or service names may be trademarks or service marks of others.

Electronic emission notices

The following statements apply to this product. The statements for other products intended for use with this product will appear in their accompanying manuals.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Class A Statement

Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a

Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

IBM is not responsible for any radio or television interference caused by unauthorized changes or modifications to this equipment. Unauthorized changes or modifications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

Industry Canada Class A Emission Compliance Statement

This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Avis de conformité à la réglementation d’Industrie Canada

Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conform à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

European Union (EU) Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive

This product is in conformity with the protection requirements of EU Council Directive 89/336/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility. IBM cannot accept responsibility for any

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch: 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide

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failure to satisfy the protection requirements resulting from a non-recommended modification of the product, including the fitting of non-IBM option cards.

This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Class A Information Technology Equipment according to European Standard EN 55022. The limits for Class A equipment were derived for commercial and industrial environments to provide reasonable protection against interference with licensed communication equipment.

Attention: This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this product may

cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.

Germany Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive

Zulassungsbescheinigung laut dem Deutschen Gesetz über die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit von Geräten (EMVG) vom 18. September 1998 (bzw. der EMC EG Richtlinie 89/336)

Dieses Gerät ist berechtigt, in Übereinstimmung mit dem Deutschen EMVG das EG-Konformitätszeichen - CE - zu führen.

Verantwortlich für die Konformitätserklärung nach Paragraph 5 des EMVG ist die: IBM Deutschland Informationssysteme GmbH 70548 Stuttgart.

Informationen in Hinsicht EMVG Paragraph 4 Abs. (1) 4:

Das Gerät erfüllt die Schutzanforderungen nach EN 55024 und

55022 Klasse A.

55022 Klasse A Geräte müssen mit folgendem Warnhinweis versehen werden: ″Warnung: dies ist eine Einrichtung der Klasse A. Diese Einrichtung kann im Wohnbereich Funkstörungen verursachen; in diesem Fall kann vom Betreiber verlangt werden, angemessene Maßnahmen durchzuführen und dafür aufzukommen.″

Anmerkung: Um die Einhaltung des EMVG sicherzustellen, sind die Geräte wie in den IBM Handbüchern angegeben zu installieren und zu betreiben.

Chinese Class A Electronic Emission Statement

Notices

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Taiwan Class A Electronic Emission Statement

Japan VCCI Class A ITE Electronic Emission Statement

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Glossary

This glossary provides definitions for Fibre Channel and switch terminology used for IBM TotalStorage SAN switches and related products.

also provides additional definitions of technical terms and abbreviations. If you do not find the term you are looking for, see the IBM Glossary of

Computing Terms located at

http://www.ibm.com/ibm/terminology/

This glossary includes terms and definitions from:

Information Technology Vocabulary by

Subcommittee 1, Joint Technical Committee 1,

the International Organization for Standardization and the International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC1). Definitions are identified by the symbol (I) after the definition; definitions taken from draft international standards, committee drafts, and working papers by ISO/IEC JTC1/SC1 are identified by the symbol (T) after the definition, indicating that final agreement has not yet been reached among the participating National Bodies of SC1.

IBM Glossary of Computing Terms. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

following cross-reference conventions are

The used in this glossary:

See Refers you to (a) a term that is the

expanded form of an abbreviation or acronym, or (b) a synonym or more preferred term.

See also

Refers you to a related term.

WWN. Can also refer to a list of the read/write access

particular community string. See also device

connection controls.

account level switches. Switches that have four login

accounts into the operating system (in descending order): root, factory, admin, and user. See also admin account.

ACL. See access control list.

address identifier. A 24–bit or 8–bit value used to

identify the source or destination of a frame.

admin account. A login account intended for use by

the customer to control switch operation. See also account level switches.

alias. An alternate name for an element or group of

elements in the fabric. Aliases can be used to simplify the entry of port numbers and worldwide names (WWNs) when creating zones.

alias address identifier. An address identifier

recognized by a port in addition to its standard identifier.

alias address identifier can be shared by multiple

ports.

alias AL_PA. An arbitrated loop physical address

(AL_PA) value recognized by a loop port (L_port) in addition to the AL_PA assigned to the port. See also arbitrated loop physical address.

alias server. A fabric software facility that supports

multicast group management.

AL_PA. See arbitrated loop physical address.

American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The

governing body for Fibre Channel standards in the U.S.A.

Numerics

8b/10b encoding. An encoding scheme that converts

each 8–bit byte into 10 bits. Used to balance ones and zeros in high-speed transports

16–port card. The Fibre Channel port card provided

with SAN switch directors. Contains 16 ports and the corresponding light-emitting diodes (LEDs). See also port card.

access control list (ACL). Enables an organization to

bind a specific worldwide name (WWN) to a specific switch port or set of ports, preventing a port in another physical location from assuming the identity of a real

ANSI. See American National Standards Institute.

API. See application programming interface.

application programming interface (API). A defined

protocol that allows applications to interface with a set

services.

application-specific integrated circuit (ASCI). In

computer chip design, an integrated circuit created by first mounting an array of unconnected logic gates on a substrate and later connecting these gates in a particular configuration for a specific application. This design approach allows chips for a variety of applications to be made from the same generic gate array, thereby reducing production costs

ARB. See arbitrate primitive signal.

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arbitrate primitive signal (ARB). A primitive signal

that is transmitted as the fill word by a loop port (L_port)

indicate that the L_port is arbitrating to access to the

loop. Applies only to the arbitrated loop topology.

arbitrated loop. A shared 100 MBps Fibre Channel

transport structured as a loop and supporting up to 126 devices and one fabric attachment. A port must successfully arbitrate before a circuit can be established.

arbitrated loop physical address (AL_PA). An 8–bit

value used to uniquely identify an individual port within

loop. A loop can have one or multiple AL_PAs.

arbitration wait timeout value (AW_TOV). The

minimum time an arbitrating loop port (L_port) waits for

response before beginning loop initialization.

area number. A number that is assigned to each

potential port location in the switch. Used to distinguish ports that have the same port number but are on different port cards.

ASIC. See application-specific integrated circuit.

asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). A broadband

technology for transmitting data over local area networks (LANs) or wide area networks (WANs), based

relaying cells of fixed size. Provides any-to-any

connectivity, and nodes can transmit simultaneously.

ATM. See asynchronous transfer mode.

BB_credit. See buffer-to-buffer credit.

beacon. When all the port light-emitting diodes (LEDs)

switch are set to flash from one side of the switch

the other, to enable identification of an individual

switch in a large fabric. A switch can be set to beacon

Telnet command or through Web Tools.

beginning running disparity. The disparity at the

transmitter or receiver when the special character associated with an ordered set is encoded or decoded. See also disparity.

BER. See bit error rate.

BIOS. See basic input/output system.

BISR. Built-in self-repair.

bit error rate (BER). The rate at which bits are

expected to be received in error. Expressed as the ratio

error bits to total bits transmitted. See also error.

blade. One component in a system that is designed to

accept some number of components (blades). Blades could be individual servers that plug into a multiprocessing system or individual port cards that add connectivity to a switch. A blade is typically a hot swappable hardware device. See 16-port card.

blind-mate connector. A two-way connector used in

some switches to provide a connection between the system board and the power supply.

auto-negotiate speed. Process that allows two

devices at either end of a link segment to negotiate common features, speed (for example, 1 Gbps or 2 Gbps) and functions.

autoranging. A power supply that accommodates

different input voltages and line frequencies.

autosense. Process during which a network device

automatically senses the speed of another device.

AW_TOV. See arbitration wait timeout value.

backup FCS switch. The switch or switches assigned

backup in case the primary fabric configuration

server (FCS) switch fails. See also fabric configuration server switch and primary FCS switch.

bandwidth. (1) The total transmission capacity of a

cable, link, or system. Usually measured in bits per second (bps). (2) The range of transmission frequencies available to a network. See also throughput.

basic input/output system (BIOS). Code that controls

basic hardware operations, such as interactions with diskette drives, hard disk drives, and the keyboard.

block. As applies to fibre channel, upper-level

application data that is transferred in a single sequence.

bloom. Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)

technology that the 2109 Model M12 is based on.

boot flash. Flash memory that stores the boot code

and boot parameters. The processor runs its first instructions from boot flash. Data is cached in random access memory (RAM).

boot monitor. Code used to initialize the control

processor (CP) environment after powering on. Identifies the amount of memory available and how to access it, and retrieves information about system buses.

British thermal unit (BTU). A measurement of heat

produced in one hour.

broadcast. The transmission of data from a single

source to all devices in the fabric, regardless of zoning. See also multicast and unicast.

BTU. See British thermal unit.

buffer-to-buffer credit. The number of frames that

can be transmitted to a directly-connected recipient or within an arbitrated loop. Determined by the number of receive buffers available. See also buffer-to-buffer flow control.

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buffer-to-buffer flow control. Management of the

frame transmission rate in either a point-to-point topology or in an arbitrated loop. See also buffer-to-buffer credit.

CAM. Content addressable memory.

cascade. Two or more interconnected Fibre Channel

switches that can build large fabrics. Switches can be cascaded up to 239 switches, with a recommended maximum of seven inter-switch links (no path longer than eight switches). See also fabric and inter-switch link.

central processing unit (CPU). A part of a computer

that includes the circuits that control the interpretation and execution of instructions. A CPU in the circuitry and storage that executes instructions. Traditionally, the complete processing unit was often regarded as the CPU, whereas today the CPU is often a microchip. In either case, the centrality of a processor or processing unit depends on the configuration of the system or network in which it is used.

chassis. The metal frame in which the switch and

switch components are mounted.

circuit. An established communication path between

two ports. Consists of two virtual circuits capable of transmitting in opposite directions. See also link.

class 1. Service that provides a dedicated connection

between two ports (also called connection-oriented service), with notification of delivery or nondelivery.

class 2. Connectionless service between ports with

notification of delivery or nondelivery.

class 3. Connectionless service between ports without

notification of delivery. Other than notification, the transmission and routing of class 3 frames is the same

class 2 frames.

class F. Connectionless service for inter-switch control

traffic. Provides notification of delivery or nondelivery between two expansion ports (E_ports).

class of service. A specified set of delivery

characteristics and attributes for frame delivery.

CLI. See command line interface.

Telnet or simple network management protocol (SNMP), and does not involve a graphical user interface.

community (SNMP). A relationship between a simple

network management protocol (SNMP) agent and a set

SNMP managers that defines authentication, access

control, and proxy characteristics.

compact flash. Flash memory that stores the run-time

operating system and is used like hard disk storage. Not visible within the memory space of the processor. Data

stored in file system format. Also called user flash.

control processor (CP). The central processing unit

that provides all control and management functions in a switch.

control processor card (CP card). The central

processing unit of the director/switch, which contains two control processor (CP) card slots to provide redundancy. Provides Ethernet, serial, and modem ports with the corresponding light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

core switch. A switch whose main task is to

interconnect other switches. Also referred to as a backbone switch. See also edge switch.

CP. See control processor.

card. See control processor card.

CPLD. Complex programmable logic device.

CPU. See central processing unit.

CRC. See cyclic redundancy check.

credit. When applied to a switch, the maximum

number of receive buffers provided by a fabric port (F_port) or fabric loop port (FL_port) to its attached node port (N_port) or node loop port (NL_port), respectively, such that the N_port or NL_port can transmit frames without over-running the F_port or FL_port.

CSA. Canadian Standards Association.

cut-through. A switching technique that allows the

route for a frame to be selected as soon as the destination address is received. See also route.

cyclic redundancy check (CRC). A check for

transmission errors included in every data frame.

CMI. Control message interface.

comma. A unique pattern (either 1100000 or 00 11111)

used in 8b/10b encoding to specify character alignment within a data stream. See also K28.5.

command line interface (CLI). Interface that depends

entirely on the use of commands, such as through

data communications equipment (DCE) port. A port

that is capable of interfacing between a data terminal equipment (DTE) port and a transmission circuit. DCE devices with an RS–232 (or EIA–232) port interface transmit on pin 3, and receive on pin 2. See also data terminal equipment (DTE) port.

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data rate. The rate at which data is transmitted or

received from a device. Interactive applications tend to require a high data rate, while batch applications can usually tolerate lower data rates.

data terminal equipment (DTE) port. A port that is

capable of interfacing to a transmission circuit through a connection to a data communications equipment (DCE) port. DTE devices with an RS–232 (or EIA–232) port interface transmit on pin 3, and receive on pin 2 in a 9–pin connector (reversed in 25–pin connectors). See also data communications equipment (DCE) port.

DB-9 connector. A 9–pin version of the RS–232C port

interface.

DCC. A dc converter.

DCE port. See data communications equipment (DCE)

port.

DDR. Double data rate. See data rate.

defined zone configuration. The complete set of all

zone objects that are defined in the fabric. The defined configuration can include multiple zone configurations. See also enabled zone configuration and zone configuration.

device. Hosts and storage that connect to a switch.

Example devices are servers, redundant array of independent disks (RAID) arrays, and tape subsystems.

device connection controls. Enables organizations to

bind an individual device port to a set of one or more switch ports. Device ports are specified by a worldwide name (WWN) and typically represent host bus adapters (HBAs) (servers). See also access control lists.

DID. The 3-byte destination ID of the destination

device, in the 0xDomainAreaALPA format.

direct memory access (DMA). The transfer of data

between memory and an input/output device without processor intervention.

disparity. The relationship of ones and zeros in an

encoded character. Neutral disparity means an equal number of each, positive disparity means a majority of ones, and negative disparity means a majority of zeros.

DLS. See dynamic load sharing.

DMA. See direct memory access.

DNS. Distributed name server.

domain_ID. Unique identifier for the switch in a fabric.

Usually automatically assigned by the switch, but can also be assigned manually. Can be any value between 1—239.

DRAM. See dynamic random access memory.

DTE port. See data terminal equipment (DTE) port.

dual fabric. Two identical fabrics that allow

redundancy in the event that one fabric fails. Use a dual fabric for mission critical applications.

dual-fabric SAN. A storage area network (SAN) that is

composed of two independent fabrics. Synonymous with multi-fabric SAN. The two-fabric architecture makes dual-fabric SANs redundant.

DWDM. Dense wavelength digital multiplexing.

dynamic load sharing (DLS). Dynamic distribution of

traffic over available paths. Allows for recomputing of routes when a fabric port or fabric loop port (Fx_port) or expansion port (E_port) changes status.

dynamic random access memory (DRAM). A

storage in which the cells require repetitive application

control signals to retain stored data.

edge fabric. A single fabric that uses two or more

switches as a core to interconnect multiple edge switches. Synonymous with dual-core fabric. See also resilient core.

edge switch. A switch whose main task is to connect

nodes into the fabric. See also core switch.

E_D_TOV. See error detect timeout value.

EE_credit. See end-to-end credit.

effective zone configuration. The particular zone

configuration that is currently in effect. Only one configuration can be in effect at once. The effective configuration is built each time a zone configuration is enabled.

EIA. Electronic Industries Alliance.

EIA rack. A storage rack that meets the standards set

the Electronics Industries Alliance (EIA).

electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The design

and test of products to meet legal and corporate specifications dealing with the emissions and susceptibility to frequencies in the radio spectrum. Electromagnetic compatibility is the ability of various electronic equipment to operate properly in the intended electromagnetic environment.

electromagnetic interference (EMI). Waves of

electromagnetic radiation, including but not limited to radio frequencies, generated by the flow of electric current.

electrostatic discharge (ESD). The flow of current

that results when objects having a static charge come into close enough proximity to discharge.

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ELP. Extended link parameters.

ELWL. See extra long wavelength.

EMC. See electromagnetic compatibility.

EMI. See electromagnetic interference.

enabled zone configuration. The currently enabled

configuration of zones. Only one configuration can be enabled at a time. See also defined zone configuration and zone configuration.

end port. A port on an edge switch that connects a

device to the fabric.

end-to-end credit (EE_credit). The number of receive

buffers allocated by a recipient port to an originating port. Used by class 1 and class 2 services to manage the exchange of frames across the fabric between source and destination. See also end-to-end flow control and buffer-to-buffer credit.

end-to-end flow control. Governs flow of class 1 and

class 2 frames between node ports (N_ports). See also end-to-end credit.

E_port. See expansion port.

error. As applies to fibre channel, a missing or

corrupted frame, timeout, loss of synchronization, or loss of signal (link errors). See also loop failure.

error detect timeout value (E_D_TOV). The time that

the switch waits for an expected response before declaring an error condition. Adjustable in 1 microsecond increments from 2—10 seconds.

ESD. See electrostatic discharge.

exchange. The highest level Fibre Channel

mechanism used for communication between node ports (N_ports). Composed of one or more related sequences, and can work in either one or both directions.

expansion port (E_port). A port is designated an

expansion port (E_port) when it is used as an inter-switch expansion port to connect to the E_port of another switch, to build a larger switch fabric.

Extended Fabrics. A feature that runs on Fabric

operating system (OS) and allows creation of a Fibre Channel fabric interconnected over distances of up to 100 km (62.14 mi).

extra long wavelength (ELWL). Laser light with a

periodic length greater than 1300 nm (for example, 1420 or 1550). ELWL lasers are used to transmit Fibre Channel data over distances greater than 10 km. Also known as XLWL.

fabric. A network that uses high-speed fibre

connections to connect switches, hosts, and devices. A fabric is an active, intelligent, nonshared interconnect scheme for nodes.

Fabric Access. Allows the application to control the

fabric directly for functions such as discovery, access (zoning) management, performance, and switch control. Consists of a host-based library that interfaces the application to switches in the fabric over an out-of-band TCP/IP connection or in-band using an IP-capable host bus adapter (HBA).

Fabric Assist. A feature that enables private and

public hosts to access public targets anywhere on the fabric, provided they are in the same Fabric Assist zone.

fabric configuration server (FCS) switch. One or

more designated switches that store and manage the configuration and security parameters for all switches in the fabric. FCS switches are designated by worldwide name (WWN), and the list of designated switches is communicated fabric-wide. See also backup FCS switch, primary FCS switch.

fabric login (FLOGI). The process by which a device

gains access to the fabric.

fabric loop port (FL_port). A fabric port that is loop

capable. Used to connect node loop ports (NL_ports) to the switch in a loop configuration.

Fabric Manager. A feature that allows the storage

area network (SAN) manager to monitor key fabric and switch elements, making it easy to quickly identify and escalate potential problems. It monitors each element for out-of-boundary values or counters and provides notification when defined boundaries are exceeded. The SAN manager can configure which elements, such as error, status, and performance counters, are monitored within a switch.

fabric mode. One of the modes for a loop port

(L_port). An L_port is in fabric mode when it is connected to a port that is not loop capable and is using fabric protocol. See also loop port and loop mode.

fabric name. The unique identifier assigned to a fabric

and communicated during login and port discovery.

Fabric OS. An operating system made up of two

software components: the firmware that initializes and manages the switch hardware, and diagnostics.

fabric port (F_port). A port that is able to transmit

under fabric protocol and interface over links. Can be used to connect a node port (N_port) to a switch. See also fabric loop port and Fx_port.

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Fabric Watch. A feature that runs on Fabric operating

system (OS) and allows monitoring and configuration of fabric and switch elements.

failover. The act that causes control to pass from one

redundant unit to another.

FAN. Fabric address notification.

FC. See fibre channel.

FCA. See Fibre Channel arbitrated loop.

FC-AL. See Fibre Channel arbitrated loop.

FC-AL-3. The Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop standard

defined by ANSI. Defined on top of the FC-PH standards.

FCC. Federal Communications Commission.

FC-FLA. The Fibre Channel Fabric Loop Attach

standard defined by ANSI.

FCMGMT. Fibre Alliance Fibre Channel Management.

FCP. See Fibre Channel protocol.

FC-PDLA. The Fibre Channel Private Loop Direct

Attach standard defined by ANSI. Applies to the operation of peripheral devices on a private loop.

FC-PH-1,2,3. The Fibre Channel Physical and

Signaling Interface standards defined by ANSI.

FC-PI. The Fibre Channel Physical Interface standard

defined by ANSI.

Fibre Channel service (FS). A service that is defined

Fibre Channel standards and exists at a well-known address. For example, the Simple Name Server is a Fibre Channel service. See also Fibre Channel service protocol.

Fibre Channel service protocol (FSP). The common

protocol for all fabric services, transparent to the fabric type or topology. See also Fibre Channel service.

Fibre Channel shortest path first (FSPF). A routing

protocol used by Fibre Channel switches.

Fibre Channel transport. A protocol service that

supports communication between Fibre Channel service providers. See also Fibre Channel service protocol.

field replaceable unit (FRU). An assembly that is

replaced in its entirety by a service representative when any one of its components fails. In some cases, a field replaceable unit can contain other field replaceable units.

File Transfer protocol (FTP). In Transmission Control

protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP), an application protocol used for transferring files to and from host computers.

fill word. An IDLE or ARB ordered set that is

transmitted during breaks between data frames to keep the Fibre Channel link active.

firmware. The basic operating system provided with

the hardware.

FLA. Fabric loop attach.

FCS switch. See fabric configuration server switch.

FC-SW-2. The second generation of the Fibre Channel

Switch Fabric standard defined by ANSI. Specifies tools and algorithms for the interconnection and initialization

Fibre Channel switches in order to create a

multiswitch Fibre Channel fabric.

fibre channel (FC). A technology for transmitting data

between computer devices at a data rate of up to 4 Gbps. It is especially suited for attaching computer servers to shared storage devices and for interconnecting storage controllers and drives.

Fibre Channel arbitrated loop (FC-AL). A standard

defined on top of the FC-PH standard. It defines the arbitration on a loop where several FC nodes share a common medium.

Fibre Channel protocol (FCP). The protocol for

transmitting commands, data, and status using Fibre Channel FC-FS exchanges and information units. Fibre channel is a high-speed serial architecture that allows either optical or electrical connections at data rates from 265 Mbps up to 4-Gbps.

flash partition. Two redundant usable areas, called

partitions into which firmware can be downloaded in the

director/switch.

FLOGI. See fabric login.

FL_port. See fabric loop port.

F_port. See fabric port.

frame. The Fibre Channel structure used to transmit

data between ports. Consists of a start-of-frame delimiter, header, any optional headers, the data payload, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), and an end-of-frame delimiter. There are two types of frames: link control frames (transmission acknowledgements, and so on) and data frames.

frame delimiter. A part of an ordered set that marks

frame boundaries and describes frame contents. See also ordered set.

FRU. See field replaceable unit.

FS. See Fibre Channel service.

FSP. See Fibre Channel service protocol.

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FSPF. See Fibre Channel shortest path first.

FTP. See File Transfer protocol.

full duplex. A mode of communication that allows the

same port to simultaneously transmit and receive frames. See also half duplex.

Fx_port. A fabric port that can operate as either a

fabric port (F_port) or fabric loop port (FL_port). See also fabric port and fabric loop port.

gateway. Hardware that connects incompatible

networks by providing the necessary translation for both hardware and software.

GBIC. See gigabit interface converter.

Gbps. Gigabits per second.

GBps. Gigabytes per second.

generic port (G_port). A generic port that can operate

either an expansion port (E_port) or a fabric port (F_port). A port is defined as a G_port when it is not yet connected or has not yet assumed a specific function in the fabric.

gigabit interface converter (GBIC). A removable

serial transceiver module designed to provide gigabaud capability for fibre channel (FC) and other products that use the same physical layer.

gigabit switch. A 16-port, Fibre Channel gigabit

switch.

spare using network heartbeats to indicate to the other machines that everything is operating correctly. This heartbeat is typically carried over a dedicated network for clustering traffic. In cases of a problem (for example,

software crash on the operational server or a

hardware component failure), a heartbeat link indicates

the other server that something has failed or is otherwise inoperative. If that heartbeat is lost, the spare server takes over the function provided by the application service. Depending on the clustering software, either the entire server or only specific services on the server can be failed over or failed back.

high availability. An attribute of the switch that

identifies it as being capable of operating well in excess

percent of the time. High Availability is typically identified by the number of nines in that percentage. For example, a switch that is rated at five nines would be capable of operating 99.999 percent of the time without failure.

high port count fabric. A fabric containing 100 or

more ports.

host bus adapter (HBA). The interface card between

server or workstation bus and the Fibre Channel

network.

hot pluggable. A field replaceable unit (FRU)

capability that indicates it can be extracted or installed while customer data is otherwise flowing in the chassis.

hub. A Fibre Channel wiring concentrator that

collapses a loop topology into a physical star topology. Nodes are automatically added to the loop when active and removed when inactive.

G_port. See generic port.

half duplex. A mode of communication that allows a

port to either transmit or receive frames at any time, but not simultaneously (with the exception of link control frames, which can be transmitted at any time). See also full duplex.

hard address. The arbitrated loop physical address

(AL_PA) that a node loop port (NL_port) attempts to acquire during loop initialization.

hardware translative mode. Method for achieving

address translation. The two hardware translative modes that are available to a QuickLoop-enabled switch are standard translative mode and QuickLoop mode. See also standard translative mode and QuickLoop mode.

HBA. See host bus adapter.

heartbeat. Through clustering software, the application

server continually communicates with the clustered

bus. A serial, 2-wire bus used to monitor field

replaceable unit (FRU) temperatures and control the system including blade power control.

ID. Identification.

IDB. Interface descriptor block.

IDLE. Continuous transmission of an ordered set over

Fibre Channel link when no data is being transmitted,

keep the link active and maintain bit, byte, and word

synchronization.

IEC. International Electrotechnical Commission.

IETF. Internet Engineering Task Force.

information unit (IU). A set of information as defined

either upper-level process protocol definition or

upper-lever protocol mapping.

initiator. A server or workstation on a Fibre Channel

network that initiates communications with storage devices. See also target.

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in-order delivery (IOD). A parameter that, when set,

guarantees that frames are either delivered in order or dropped.

integrated fabric. The fabric created by six switches

cabled together and configured to handle traffic as a seamless group.

Internet protocol (IP). In the Internet suite of

protocols, a connectionless protocol that routes data through a network or interconnected networks and acts

intermediary between the higher protocol layers

and the physical network.

inter-switch link (ISL). A Fibre Channel link that

connects two switches (a link from the expansion port (E_port) of one switch to the E_port of another).

IOD. See in-order delivery.

IP. See internet protocol.

IPA. Initial process associator.

ISL. See inter-switch link.

ISL Trunking. A feature that enables distribution of

traffic over the combined bandwidth of up to four inter-switch links (ISLs) (between adjacent switches), while preserving in-order delivery. A set of trunked ISLs

called a trunking group; each port employed in a trunking group is called a trunking port. See also master port.

isolated E_port. An expansion port (E_port) that is

online but not operational between switches due to overlapping domain ID or nonidentical parameters such

error delay timeout values (E_D_TOVs). See also

expansion port.

IU. See information unit.

LAN. See local area network.

latency. The period of time required to transmit a

frame, from the time it is sent until it arrives.

LED. See light-emitting diode.

light-emitting diode (LED). A semiconductor chip that

gives off visible or infrared light when activated. It is used to indicate the status of elements on a switch.

link. As applies to fibre channel, a physical connection

between two ports, consisting of both transmit and receive fibers. See also circuit.

link services. A protocol for link-related services.

LIP. See loop initialization primitive.

LM_TOV. See loop master timeout value.

local area network (LAN). A computer network

located on a user’s premises within a limited geographical area. (T)

logical unit number (LUN). An identifier used on a

small computer systems interface (SCSI) bus to distinguish among up to eight devices (logical units) with the same SCSI ID.

long wavelength (LWL). A type of fiber optic cabling

that is based on 1300 mm lasers and supports link speeds of 1.0625 Gbps. Can also refer to the type of GBIC or SFP. See also short wavelength.

loop. A configuration of devices that are connected to

the fabric by way of a fabric loop port (FL_port) interface card.

loop circuit. A temporary bidirectional communication

path established between loop ports (L_ports).

JBOD. Just a bunch of disks.

K28.5. A special 10-bit character used to indicate the

beginning of a transmission word that performs fibre channel control and signaling functions. The first seven bits of the character are the comma pattern. See also comma.

kernel flash. Flash memory that stores the bootable

kernel code and is visible within the memory space of the processor. Data is stored as raw bits.

key pair. In public key cryptography, a pair of keys

consisting of a public and private key of an entity. The public key can be publicized, but the private key must

kept secret.

IBM TotalStorage SAN Switch: 2109 Model M12 and Model M14 User’s Guide

loop failure. Loss of signal within a loop for any

period of time, or loss of synchronization for longer than the timeout value.

loop_ID. A hexadecimal value representing one of the

127 possible arbitrated loop physical address (AL_PA) values in an arbitrated loop.

loop initialization. The logical procedure used by a

loop port (L_port) to discover its environment. Can be used to assign arbitrated loop physical address (AL_PA) addresses, detect loop failure, or reset a node.

loop initialization primitive (LIP). The signal used to

begin initialization in a loop. Indicates either loop failure

resetting of a node.

looplet. A set of devices connected in a loop to a port

that is a member of another loop.

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loop master timeout value (LM_TOV). The minimum

time that the loop master waits for a loop initialization sequence to return.

loop mode. One of the modes for a loop port (L_port).

L_port is in loop mode when it is in an arbitrated loop and is using loop protocol. An L_port in loop mode can also be in participating mode or nonparticipating mode. See also loop port, fabric mode, participating mode, and nonparticipating mode.

loop port (L_port). A node port (NL_port) or fabric

port (FL_port) that has arbitrated loop capabilities. An L_port can be either in fabric mode or loop mode. See also fabric mode , loop mode, nonparticipating mode, and participating mode.

loop port state machine (LPSM). The logical entity

that performs arbitrated loop protocols and defines the behavior of loop ports (L_ports) when they require access to an arbitrated loop.

L_port. See loop port.

LPSM. See loop port state machine.

LSR. Link state record.

LSU. Link state update.

LUN. See logical unit number.

LWL. See long wavelength.

cable to a data communications equipment (DCE) device. A Hayes-compatible modem or Hayes-emulation

required. The device name is ttyS1. See also data

communications equipment port and terminal serial port.

multicast. The transmission of data from a single

source to multiple specified node ports (N_ports), as opposed to all the ports on the network. See also broadcast and unicast.

multimode. A fiber optic cabling specification that

allows up to 500 m (1640.5 ft) between devices.

name server. Frequently used to indicate Simple

Name Server. See also simple name server.

NEMA. National Electrical Manufacturers Association.

NL_port. See node loop port.

NMS. Network Management System.

node. A Fibre Channel device that contains a node

port (N_port) or node loop port (NL_port).

node loop port (NL_port). A node port that is loop

capable. Used to connect an equipment port to the fabric in a loop configuration through a fabric loop port (FL_port).

node name. The unique identifier for a node,

communicated during login and port discovery.

MAC. Media access controller.

MAC address. See Media Access Controller address.

management information base (MIB). A simple

network management protocol (SNMP) structure to help with device management, providing configuration and device information.

master port. As relates to trunking, the port that

determines the routing paths for all traffic flowing through the trunking group. One of the ports in the first inter-switch link (ISL) in the trunking group is designated

the master port for that group. See also ISL

Trunking.

Media Access Controller address. The hardware

address of a device connected to a shared network medium.

MIB. See management information base.

modem serial port. The upper serial port on the

control processor card (CP card). Can be used to connect the CP card to a modem with a standard 9–pin modem cable. Consists of a DB–9 connector wired as

RS–232 device, and can be connected by serial

node port (N_port). A node port that is not loop

capable. Used to connect an equipment port to the fabric.

nonparticipating mode. A mode in which a loop port

(L_port) in a loop is inactive and cannot arbitrate or send frames, but can retransmit any received transmissions. This mode is entered if there are more than 127 devices in a loop and an arbitrated loop physical address (AL_PA) cannot be acquired. See also participating mode.

nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM).

Random access memory (storage) that retains its contents after the electrical power to the machine is shut off. A specific part of NVRAM is set aside for use

the system ROS for the boot device list.

N_port. See node port.

NVRAM. See nonvolatile random access memory.

Nx_port. A node port that can operate as either a

node port (N_port) or node loop port (NL_port). See also node port and node loop port.

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operating system (OS). A collection of system

programs that control the overall operation of a computer system.

ordered set. A transmission word that uses 8b/10b

mapping and begins with the K28.5 character. Ordered sets occur outside of frames, and include frame delimiters, primitive signals, and primitive sequences. Ordered sets are used to differentiate Fibre Channel control information from data frames and to manage the transport of frames. See also frame delimiter, primitive signal, and primitive sequence.

OS. See operating system.

packet. A set of information transmitted across a

network. See also frame.

participating mode. A mode in which a loop port

(L_port) in a loop has a valid arbitrated loop physical address (AL_PA) and can arbitrate, send frames, and retransmit received transmissions. See also nonparticipating mode.

path selection. The selection of a transmission path

through the fabric. Switches use the Fibre Channel shortest path first (FSPF) protocol.

PCI. Peripheral control interconnect.

PDU. Power distribution unit.

Performance Monitoring. A feature that provides

error and performance information to the administrator and user for use in storage management.

phantom address. An arbitrated loop physical

address (AL_PA) value that is assigned to a device that

not physically in the loop. Also known as phantom

AL_PA.

phantom device. A device that is not physically in an

arbitrated loop, but is logically included through the use

phantom address.

PLDA. See private loop direct attach.

PLOGI. See port login.

PMC. PCI mezzanine card.

P/N. Part number.

point-to-point. A Fibre Channel topology that employs

direct links between each pair of communicating entities. See also topology.

port cage. The metal casing extending out of the

optical port on the switch, and in which the gigabit

interface converter (GBIC) or small form-factor pluggable (SFP) can be inserted.

port card. A Fibre Channel card that contains optical

copper port interfaces, and acts like a switch module.