HP Uninterruptible Power System
T700 Models
User Guide
October 2002 (Second Edition)
Part Number 215420-002
HP CONFIDENTIAL Codename: Sherman7 Part Number: 215420-002 Last Saved On: 10/4/02 10:28 AM
Hewlett-Packard Company shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. The
information in this document is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind and is subject to change without
notice. The warranties for HP products are set forth in the express limited warranty statements accompanying such
products. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty.
HP Uninterruptible Power System T700 Models User Guide
October 2002 (Second Edition)
Part Number 215420-002
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Contents
About This Guide
Intended Audience...................................................................................................................................... vii
Important Safety Information .....................................................................................................................vii
Symbols on Equipment............................................................................................................................... vii
Symbols in Text......................................................................................................................................... viii
Text Conventions....................................................................................................................................... viii
Related Documents....................................................................................................................................viii
Getting Help...............................................................................................................................................viii
Technical Support ................................................................................................................................. ix
HP Website............................................................................................................................................ ix
Authorized Reseller............................................................................................................................... ix
Reader’s Comments..................................................................................................................................... ix
Chapter 1
Overview
UPS Features .............................................................................................................................................1-1
Communications Port.......................................................................................................................... 1-1
Network Transient Protector ...............................................................................................................1-1
Overcurrent Protection........................................................................................................................ 1-1
UPS T700 Models......................................................................................................................................1-2
Front Panels......................................................................................................................................... 1-2
Rear Panels.......................................................................................................................................... 1-3
Power Management Software.................................................................................................................... 1-5
Warranties.................................................................................................................................................. 1-5
$25,000 Computer Load Protection Guarantee................................................................................... 1-5
Pre-Failure Battery Warranty..............................................................................................................1-6
Chapter 2
Operation
Front Panel Controls and LED Indicators..................................................................................................2-1
Site Wiring Fault Indicator ........................................................................................................................ 2-2
Modes of Operation ...................................................................................................................................2-3
Charging the Batteries ...............................................................................................................................2-3
Placing the UPS in Operate Mode............................................................................................................. 2-4
Returning to Standby Mode....................................................................................................................... 2-5
Initiating a Self-Test ..................................................................................................................................2-6
Audible Alarms.......................................................................................................................................... 2-7
Silencing an Audible Alarm................................................................................................................ 2-7
Shutting Down the System ........................................................................................................................ 2-7
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Contents
Chapter 3
Configuration
UPS Voltage Configuration DIP Switches................................................................................................ 3-1
Selecting the UPS Voltage Configuration................................................................................................. 3-2
UPS T700 NA Model Configuration Settings .................................................................................... 3-3
UPS T700 H INT’L Model Configuration Settings............................................................................ 3-3
Chapter 4
Battery Maintenance
Precautions ................................................................................................................................................ 4-1
Charging Batteries..................................................................................................................................... 4-1
Determining When to Replace Batteries................................................................................................... 4-2
Obtaining New Batteries........................................................................................................................... 4-2
Replacing Batteries ................................................................................................................................... 4-3
Preparing the UPS............................................................................................................................... 4-3
Removing the Battery Pack ................................................................................................................ 4-3
Installing a New Battery Pack ............................................................................................................ 4-4
Testing the New Battery Pack ............................................................................................................ 4-4
Disposing of Used Batteries ............................................................................................................... 4-5
Care and Storage of Batteries.................................................................................................................... 4-5
Pre-Failure Battery Warranty.............................................................................................................. 4-5
Chapter 5
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................................................ 5-1
Repairing the UPS..................................................................................................................................... 5-4
Appendix A
Regulatory Compliance Notices
Regulatory Compliance Identification Numbers.......................................................................................A-1
Federal Communications Commission Notice..........................................................................................A-1
Class A Equipment .............................................................................................................................A-1
Class B Equipment .............................................................................................................................A-2
Declaration of Conformity for Products Marked with the FCC Logo, United States Only................A-2
Modifications......................................................................................................................................A-2
Cables .................................................................................................................................................A-3
Canadian Notice (Avis Canadien).............................................................................................................A-3
Class A Equipment .............................................................................................................................A-3
Class B Equipment .............................................................................................................................A-3
European Union Notice.............................................................................................................................A-3
Japanese Notice.........................................................................................................................................A-4
China Taiwan Notice.................................................................................................................................A-4
Battery Replacement Notice......................................................................................................................A-5
Appendix B
Electrostatic Discharge
Grounding Methods...................................................................................................................................B-1
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Appendix C
Specifications
Physical Specifications............................................................................................................................. C-1
Input Specifications .................................................................................................................................. C-1
Output Specifications................................................................................................................................ C-2
Overcurrent Protection.............................................................................................................................. C-3
Battery Specifications............................................................................................................................... C-3
Battery Runtime........................................................................................................................................ C-3
Environmental Specifications................................................................................................................... C-4
Index
Contents
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This guide provides step-by-step instructions for configuration, and reference information for
operation, battery maintenance, and troubleshooting for the Uninterruptible Power
System (UPS).
Intended Audience
This guide is intended for individuals requiring information about the use of HP UPSs. HP
assumes you are qualified in the servicing of computer equipment and trained in recognizing
hazards in products with hazardous energy levels.
Important Safety Information
Before installing this product, read the Important Safety Information document provided.
About This Guide
Symbols on Equipment
The following symbols may be placed on equipment to indicate the presence of potentially
hazardous conditions.
WARNING: This symbol, in conjunction with any of the following symbols, indicates
the presence of a potential hazard. The potential for injury exists if warnings are not
observed. Consult your documentation for specific details.
This symbol indicates the presence of hazardous energy circuits or electric shock
hazards. Refer all servicing to qualified personnel.
WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury from electric shock hazards, do not open this
enclosure. Refer all maintenance, upgrades, and servicing to qualified personnel.
This symbol indicates that the component exceeds the recommended weight for
one individual to handle safely.
Weight in kg
Weight in lb
WARNING: To reduce the risk of personal injury or damage to the equipment,
observe local occupational health and safety requirements and guidelines for
manual material handling.
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About This Guide
Symbols in Text
These symbols may be found in the text of this guide. They have the following meanings.
WARNING: Text set off in this manner indicates that failure to follow directions in the
warning could result in bodily harm or loss of life.
CAUTION: Text set off in this manner indicates that failure to follow directions could result in
damage to equipment or loss of information.
IMPORTANT: Text set off in this manner presents clarifying information or specific instructions.
NOTE: Text set off in this manner presents commentary, sidelights, or interesting points of information.
Text Conventions
This document uses the following conventions:
• Italic type indicates complete titles of manuals or variables. Variables include
information that varies in system output, in command lines, and in command parameters
in text.
• Bold type is used for emphasis of selected onscreen elements (menu options, command
names, dialog box names, and so on) and keyboard keys.
• Monospace typeface indicates code examples, screen displays, and user input.
Sans serif typeface is used for uniform resource locators (URLs).
•
Related Documents
For additional information on the topics covered in this guide, refer to the following
documents:
• HP Uninterruptible Power System T700 Models Installation Instructions
• HP UPS XR Products Power Cord and Options Reference Guide
• Industry Standard Terminology Glossary
These documents are located on the Power Products Documentation CD or at
Getting Help
www.hp.com.
If you have a problem and have exhausted the information in this guide, you can get further
information and other help in the following locations.
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Technical Support
In North America, call the HP Technical Support Phone Center at 1-800-652-6672. This
service is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. For continuous quality improvement, calls
may be recorded or monitored. Outside North America, call the nearest HP Technical Support
Phone Center. For telephone numbers of worldwide Technical Support Centers, go to
www.hp.com.
Have the following information available before you call:
• Technical support registration number (if applicable)
• Product serial number
• Product model name and number
• Applicable error messages
• Add-on boards or hardware
• Third-party hardware or software
• Operating system type and revision level
About This Guide
• Power management software type and version
HP Website
For information on this product as well as the latest drivers, firmware updates, and service
packs, go to
www.hp.com.
Authorized Reseller
For the name of your nearest authorized reseller:
• In the United States, call 1-800-345-1518.
• In Canada, call 1-800-263-5868.
Elsewhere, see the HP website for locations and telephone numbers.
Reader’s Comments
To comment on this guide, send e-mail to ServerDocumentation@hp.com.
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This chapter contains a general overview of the HP UPS, including an introduction to the
model configurations, power management software, available hardware options, and
warranties. Read this chapter to become familiar with the features of the UPS before
operating the unit.
UPS Features
The following features make this UPS versatile and easy to use:
• Communications port for data exchange with the host computer
• Network Transient Protector (for network surge protection)
• Power protection for loads up to 700 VA/500 W
• Support for UPS power management software
1
Overview
Communications Port
The UPS includes a communications port for data exchange with a host computer.
CAUTION: Use only the specific cable supplied with the UPS to connect the communications
port to the host computer.
Network Transient Protector
The UPS includes a Network Transient Protector (NTP) that provides surge protection for
connected communication devices.
CAUTION: To avoid damaging the equipment, do not connect the Network Transient
Protector to a digital PBX line. Connect either to an analog phone line or to a network.
Overcurrent Protection
The UPS features overcurrent protection provided through input overload protectors located
on the UPS rear panel.
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Overview
UPS T700 Models
The UPS models include the following.
Table 1-1: UPS T700 Models
Front Panels
The front panel of the UPS is shown in Figure 1-1.
UPS Model
T700 NA 204015-001 204016-001 EO3016 Domestic, low-voltage tower with
T700 JPN 204015-291 204016-191 EO3016j Japanese, low-voltage tower with
T700 H INT’L 204015-B31 204016-002 EO3016i International, high-voltage tower
Kit Part
Number
1
2
Unit Part
Number
Series
Number
Comments
nondetachable six-foot power cord
with NEMA 5-15 plug
nondetachable six-foot power cord
with NEMA 5-15 plug
with 10A, IEC-320-C14 input
connector
3
Figure 1-1: Front panel configuration
1 LED display
2 Control buttons
3 Removable front panel
For detailed information on using the control buttons and LED indicators, refer to the section,
“Front Panel Controls and LED Indicators,” in Chapter 2.
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Rear Panels
Overview
The rear panel configurations of the UPS are shown in Figures 1-2, 1-3, and 1-4.
1
7
6
32
Figure 1-2: Rear panel of T700 NA
1 Communications port
2 Voltage configuration DIP switches
3 Network Transient Protector
4 Four 5-15 receptacles
5 Power cord with NEMA 5-15 plug
6 Input overload protector
7 Site Wiring Fault Indicator
4
5
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Overview
1
5
2
Figure 1-3: Rear panel of T700 JPN
1 Communications port
2 Network Transient Protector
3 Four 5-15 receptacles
4 Power cord with NEMA 5-15 plug
5 Input overload protector
32
3
4
1
6
5
Figure 1-4: Rear panel of T700 H INT’L
1 Communications port
2 Voltage configuration DIP switches
3 Network Transient Protector
4 Four IEC-320 receptacles
5 Input power receptacle (IEC-320)
6 Input overload protector
4
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Power Management Software
Power management software ensures maximum power reliability of HP computer systems
through comprehensive control of HP UPSs. Specifically, power management software
performs the following:
IMPORTANT: Not all UPSs are equipped to support the entire feature set listed.
• Manages a graceful shutdown of attached equipment during utility power failures
• Prioritizes the timing of equipment shutdowns
• Shuts down and reboots any HP UPS and attached equipment based on a user-specified
schedule
• Delays restart after a power outage to sequence the startup of system components
• Customizes alert generation with modifiable popup dialog boxes, command execution,
and email and broadcast messages
• Monitors the status of the UPS and performs UPS diagnostics
• Displays power logs for analysis
Overview
For more information, refer to the power management CD provided with the UPS. For the
most up-to-date information, refer to
www.hp.com.
Warranties
To back up the wide range of features offered with the UPS, HP provides a three-year limited
warranty.
$25,000 Computer Load Protection Guarantee
In addition to the limited warranty, HP offers a $25,000 Computer Load Protection Guarantee
(provided by the original equipment manufacturer).
IMPORTANT: The $25,000 Computer Load Protection Guarantee is offered only in North America.
The $25,000 Computer Load Protection Guarantee applies only if:
• The UPS is plugged into a suitably grounded and wired outlet using no extension cords,
adapters, other ground wires, or other electrical connections.
• The UPS installation complies with all applicable electrical and safety codes specified by
the National Electrical Code (NEC).
• The UPS is used under normal operating conditions. Users must comply with all
instructions and labels.
• The UPS is not damaged by accident (other than a utility power transient), misuse, or
abuse.
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Overview
Pre-Failure Battery Warranty
For specific information on the battery warranty, refer to the section, “Pre-Failure Battery
Warranty,” in Chapter 4.
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This chapter contains information on operating the UPS. Topics include the front panel
controls, LED indicators, and modes of operation. Knowledge of these features is helpful
when configuring and troubleshooting the unit.
NOTE: For installation considerations and procedures, refer to the instructions included with the UPS.
Copies of this document can be downloaded from www.hp.com.
Front Panel Controls and LED Indicators
The front panel controls and LED indicators provide an easy-to-use interface for UPS
configuration and monitoring.
4
3
2
1
2
Operation
6
5
Figure 2-1: UPS front panel LED display and controls
Item Description Meaning/Function
1 Utility LED (
2 On Battery/Low Battery
( )
3 Bad Battery (
4 General Alarm/Overload
Indicator (
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) Green—Utility voltage is present and output is on, or utility
voltage has returned to the voltage range for which the UPS
has been configured (UPS is supplying utility power and the
audible alarm should be reset).
Amber—UPS is running on battery power or battery is low.
) Red—Battery is bad.
Red—UPS detects a general alarm or overload condition.
)
continued
Operation
continued
Item Description Meaning/Function
5 Test/Alarm Reset button Resets alarms or initiates self-tests.
6 On/Standby button Places the UPS in Standby mode (turns output load segments
Site Wiring Fault Indicator
The UPS T700 NA model features a Site Wiring Fault Indicator (1) located on the rear panel
of the UPS unit. The Site Wiring Fault Indicator illuminates if the ground wire connection
does not exist, or if the line and neutral wires are reversed in the line receptacle. This
indicator remains illuminated until the condition is resolved.
CAUTION: The UPS operates in this condition, but does not provide proper noise and surge
protection.
For information and procedures to follow if the Site Wiring Fault Indicator is illuminated,
refer to Chapter 5, “Troubleshooting.”
off) or starts UPS powering the load.
Figure 2-2: Site Wiring Fault Indicator
1
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Modes of Operation
The UPS has two modes of operation:
• Standby Mode
— No power is available at the UPS output receptacles.
— The UPS charges the batteries as necessary.
— Front panel LEDs are not illuminated.
• Operate Mode
— Power is available at the UPS output receptacles.
— The UPS charges the batteries as necessary.
— The Utility LED illuminates solid green.
Charging the Batteries
When the UPS is in Standby mode, allow the batteries to charge before putting the UPS into
service.
IMPORTANT: The batteries charge to:
• 90 percent of their capacity within 3 hours
Operation
• 100 percent of their capacity within 24 hours
Charge the batteries for at least 24 hours before supplying backup power to devices.
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Operation
Placing the UPS in Operate Mode
The UPS can be placed in Operate mode if either of the following conditions apply:
• The UPS is powered up and in Standby mode (unit is plugged in, utility power is present,
and none of the front panel LEDs are illuminated).
• The UPS is powered down and no utility power is available.
Press and hold the On/Standby button (2). The Utility LED (1) initially illuminates solid
green, then the UPS continues with a series of beeps and LED flashes. When the Utility LED
remains illuminated solid green, power is available at the UPS output receptacles.
IMPORTANT: If the UPS is running on battery power (no utility power is present), press and hold the
On/Standby button (2) until the audible alarm sounds.
1
2
Figure 2-3: Placing the UPS in Operate mode
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Returning to Standby Mode
When the UPS is in Operate mode (the Utility LED is solid green), press and hold the
On/Standby button (2). The Utility LED (1) goes out and power to the loads ceases.
1
2
Figure 2-4: Placing the UPS in Standby mode
IMPORTANT:
• While in Standby mode, the UPS maintains the charge on the batteries, but no power is available
at the output receptacles.
Operation
• The UPS remains in Standby mode until an alternate mode is selected, or until utility power is
removed.
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Operation
Initiating a Self-Test
A self-test can only be initiated from Operate mode. To initiate a self-test, press and hold the
Test/Alarm Reset button (1) for three seconds.
Figure 2-5: Test/Alarm Reset button
1
Because a portion of the self-test requires battery power, the self-test cannot be initiated if the
batteries are less than 90 percent charged. If the UPS detects a problem, the appropriate LED
illuminates and an audible alarm may sound.
WARNING: To reduce the risk of electric shock from earth (ground) conductor leakage
current, use the self-test procedure to check the UPS batteries (rather than unplugging
the UPS).
• For the meaning of individual LEDs, refer to “Front Panel Controls and LED Indicators,”
in this chapter.
• For information on what to do if the self-test detects a problem, refer to Chapter 5,
“Troubleshooting.”
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Audible Alarms
The UPS may sound an audible alarm to warn of a problem. For information on what to do if
the UPS detects an alarm condition, refer to Chapter 5, “Troubleshooting.”
Silencing an Audible Alarm
To silence an audible alarm, press the Test/Alarm Reset button (1).
Operation
1
Figure 2-6: Test/Alarm Reset button
IMPORTANT:
• Although an audible alarm silences, the condition that caused the alarm still exists. For information
on what to do if the UPS detects an alarm condition, refer to Chapter 5, “Troubleshooting.”
• If a utility power failure caused the alarm (the Utility LED goes out or the On Battery/Low Battery
LED illuminates amber), the alarm silences after utility power is restored.
Shutting Down the System
To shut down the system:
1. Shut down all load devices.
2. Press the On/Standby button to take the UPS out of Operate mode. Power to the load
receptacles ceases.
3. Disconnect the UPS from utility power.
4. Wait at least 60 seconds while the UPS internal circuitry discharges.
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This chapter contains information on configuring the UPS. Proper configuration of the UPS is
important in performing other functions on the unit, such as maintaining the battery and
troubleshooting alarms.
UPS Voltage Configuration DIP Switches
The voltage configuration DIP switches located on the rear panel of the UPS T700 NA
model (left) and UPS T700 H INT’L model (right) allow UPS voltage configuration
parameter adjustment.
IMPORTANT: The UPS T700 JPN model does not include the rear panel voltage configuration
DIP switches, since this model cannot be altered from the 100 V configuration setting.
3
Configuration
1
2
12
110V
X
120V
X
Figure 3-1: Voltage configuration DIP switches
12
220V
230V
240V
1X2
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Configuration
Selecting the UPS Voltage Configuration
To select the UPS voltage:
1. Power down the UPS by pressing the On/Standby button (1).
1
Figure 3-2: On/Standby button
2. Position the DIP switches according to the desired voltage configuration as identified on
the rear panel of the UPS unit. The switch position for each configuration is described in
Table 3-1 and shown in Figure 3-3 through Figure 3-7.
Table 3-1: T700 Voltage Configuration DIP Switch Settings
Low-Voltage North America Model
Output Voltage Input Voltage Range DIP Switch 2 DIP Switch 1
110 V 99 V to 116 V On or Off On
120 V* 108 V to 127 V* On or Off Off
High-Voltage International Model
Output Voltage Input Voltage Range DIP Switch 2 DIP Switch 1
220 V 198 V to 233 V Off On
230 V* 207 V to 243 V* On or Off Off
240 V 216 V to 254 V On On
* Indicates default setting. DIP switch settings indicating On or Off specify that the DIP switch can
be placed in either the On or Off position. The X on the UPS rear panel of each unit also indicates
that the DIP switch can be positioned On or Off.
IMPORTANT: The UPS T700 JPN model does not include the rear panel voltage configuration
DIP switch feature, since this model cannot be altered from the 100 V configuration setting.
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UPS T700 NA Model Configuration Settings
1
12
110V
120V
Figure 3-3: 110 V configuration
12
110V
120V
Figure 3-4: 120 V configuration
2
X
X
1
2
X
X
UPS T700 H INT’L Model Configuration Settings
1
12
220V
2
Configuration
230V
240V
Figure 3-5: 220 V configuration
12
220V
230V
240V
Figure 3-6: 230 V configuration
12
220V
230V
240V
Figure 3-7: 240 V configuration
X
1
2
X
1
2
X
3. After selecting the desired voltage configuration, plug the UPS into a suitable power
outlet and press the On/Standby button to power up the UPS.
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This chapter contains information for properly maintaining batteries for the UPS, including
battery charging, replacement, disposal procedures, and warranties.
Precautions
Battery Maintenance
WARNING: There is a risk of personal injury from the hazardous energy levels
associated with UPS batteries. The maintenance and replacement of batteries must be
carried out by an authorized service representative.
WARNING: The UPS contains sealed lead-acid batteries. To reduce the risk of fire or
chemical burns, take the following precautions:
• Do not attempt to recharge batteries after removal from the UPS.
• Do not disassemble, crush, or puncture the batteries.
• Do not short the external contacts of the batteries.
4
• Do not immerse the batteries in water.
• Do not expose to temperatures higher than 60°C (140°F).
WARNING: To reduce the risk of personal injury from hazardous energy, take the
following precautions:
• Remove watches, rings, or other metal objects.
• Use tools with insulated handles.
Charging Batteries
When connected to utility power, the UPS automatically charges the batteries. No user
intervention is required while the UPS is in use. For information on keeping the batteries
charged while the UPS is in extended storage, refer to the section, “Care and Storage of
Batteries,” in this chapter.
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Battery Maintenance
Determining When to Replace Batteries
When the On Battery/Low Battery LED (1) illuminates amber or the Bad Battery LED (2) is
flashing red, batteries may need to be replaced within 30 to 60 days.
21
Figure 4-1: Indicators for battery replacement
To check a battery alarm, initiate a UPS battery self-test to verify that battery replacement is
required. If both the On Battery/Low Battery LED and Bad Battery LED remain illuminated,
replace the batteries as soon as possible.
NOTE: Depending on usage and environmental conditions, the batteries should last three to six years.
For more information on initiating a self-test, refer to the section, “Initiating a Self-Test,” in
Chapter 2.
Obtaining New Batteries
New batteries may be required within 30 to 60 days when the Bad Battery/Low Battery LED
and Bad Battery LED illuminate. Obtain spare batteries for the UPS when this occurs.
HP supplies spare battery packs for this UPS. The UPS spare battery kit part number is
240791-001.
CAUTION: Because of the short shelf life of the battery, avoid storing a battery spare as a
backup. Do not maintain an onsite inventory of spare batteries unless a procedure to keep the
stored batteries charged is implemented.
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Replacing Batteries
There are two options for replacing UPS batteries:
• Powering down the UPS before removing the batteries
• In certain circumstances, replacing the batteries without powering down the UPS
CAUTION: While replacing batteries without powering down the UPS, the UPS is not
protected in the event of a utility power failure.
Preparing the UPS
Batteries can be replaced without powering down the UPS if the UPS is not supplying battery
power to devices (utility is present, indicating that the UPS is supplying utility power).
To replace batteries with the UPS powered down:
1. Shut down all load devices.
2. Press the On/Standby button to take the UPS out of Operate mode. Power to the load
receptacles ceases.
Battery Maintenance
3. Disconnect the UPS from utility power.
4. Wait at least 60 seconds while the UPS internal circuitry discharges.
Removing the Battery Pack
To remove the battery pack:
1. Remove the front bezel by pulling from the bottom (1). The LED/button control pedestal
remains attached to the UPS.
2. Remove the metal battery bracket (2).
2
1
Figure 4-2: Removing the UPS front bezel and metal battery bracket
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Battery Maintenance
3. Disconnect the positive (red) battery cable from the front of the battery pack (1).
Figure 4-3: Disconnecting the battery cables
Disconnect the negative (black) battery cable from the front of the battery pack (2).
WARNING: To reduce the risk of short-circuits or arcing, disconnect the positive (red)
battery lead before disconnecting the negative (black) battery lead.
1
2
Installing a New Battery Pack
To install a new battery pack, reverse the steps in “Removing the Battery Pack,” in this
chapter.
Testing the New Battery Pack
After installing the new battery pack, press the Test/Alarm Reset button. For information on
initiating a self-test, refer to the section, “Initiating a Self-Test,” in Chapter 2.
IMPORTANT: The UPS does not execute a self-test until the batteries are 90 percent charged.
If the installation has been successful, the Bad Battery/Low Battery LED and the Bad Battery
LED are not illuminated.
If the installation has not been successful, an audible alarm may sound, the On Battery/Low
Battery LED illuminates solid amber, and the Bad Battery LED flashes red. If this occurs,
remove and reinstall the battery pack, and check the battery terminal connections. If both
LEDs remain in the alarm condition, refer to Chapter 5, “Troubleshooting,” for more
information on the cause of the alarm.
IMPORTANT: The batteries charge to 90 percent of their capacity within less than 3 hours. Allow the
batteries to charge for 24 hours before using the UPS to supply backup power to devices. The load may
not be fully protected for 24 hours.
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Disposing of Used Batteries
The spare battery kit includes the instructions and packaging required to return used batteries
to the appropriate location for disposal.
Do not dispose of used batteries with general office or household waste. Return
the used pack for proper disposal to either:
• HP, authorized HP Partners, or their agents
• A recycling center that meets all local environmental standards
Care and Storage of Batteries
To maximize the life of batteries:
• Minimize the amount of time the UPS uses battery power by matching the UPS
configuration with the utility voltage. For more information, refer to Chapter 3,
“Configuration.”
• Keep the area around the UPS clean and dust-free. If the environment is very dusty, clean
the outside of the UPS regularly with a vacuum cleaner.
• Maintain the ambient temperature at 25
o
C (77oF).
Battery Maintenance
• If storing a UPS for an extended period, recharge the batteries every six months:
a. Connect the UPS to utility power.
b. Allow the UPS to remain in Standby mode.
c. Allow the UPS to charge the batteries for 24 hours.
d. Update the battery recharge date label located on the outside of the original
packaging.
Pre-Failure Battery Warranty
The Pre-Failure Battery Warranty, standard on all HP UPS units, extends the advantage of an
HP three-year limited warranty by applying it to the battery before it actually fails.
Specifically, the Pre-Failure Battery Warranty ensures that when customers receive
notification from HP power management software that the battery may fail, the battery is
replaced free of charge under the warranty.
HP maintains the highest standards in the industry, as evidenced by the HP Pre-Failure
Battery Warranty. This warranty is beneficial in at least two significant ways:
• Reduced total cost of ownership
• Reduced downtime
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Battery Maintenance
A Pre-Failure Battery warning is given 30 days before a battery failure. The warning is
indicated in one or both of the following ways:
• An LED showing the battery is low
• Notification from HP power management software
This warning provides ample time to order a spare battery. Order spares at
www.hp.com.
The battery warranty coverage is three years for parts. The warranty for the first year of
ownership includes parts and labor. If battery spares are not available for a particular HP UPS
model, then the entire UPS, including its battery, is replaced.
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This chapter serves as a troubleshooting guide when problems occur with the UPS. Solutions
for UPS problems that occur both during and after startup are covered.
Troubleshooting
If problems occur when starting or using the UPS, refer to Table 5-1 for possible causes and
suggested actions.
Table 5-1: Troubleshooting Guide
Symptom Possible Cause Suggested Action
5
Troubleshooting
The UPS does not start
and the Utility LED (
not illuminated.
The UPS power cord is
An audible alarm is
present.
The UPS operates on
battery only, even though
normal utility power is
present.
) is
There is no utility power. Contact a qualified electrician.
disconnected.
An alarm condition
exists.
The input overcurrent
protector is open or the
load exceeds the rating
of the UPS.
Connect the power cord.
Identify the LED associated with the
alarm condition. Check this
troubleshooting guide to determine the
cause of the alarm.
Save your work and turn off the
equipment. Reduce the load, then press
the input overcurrent protector on the
UPS rear panel.
continued
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Troubleshooting
Table 5-1: Troubleshooting Guide continued
Symptom Possible Cause Suggested Action
The UPS does not provide
the expected backup time.
The battery may be fully
discharged due to long
term storage, frequent
power outages, or end
of battery life.
Charge the UPS batteries for 24 hours.
Initiate a self-test. If an alarm sounds or
the On Battery/Low Battery LED (
) or
the Bad Battery LED ( ) is illuminated,
replace the batteries.
During extended power outages, save
your work, turn off the computer, and
shut down the UPS to conserve battery
power.
The battery is
disconnected.
Verify that the battery is connected.
Unattach and reattach the battery
connector to ensure good contact.
The total load on the
UPS is between 100%
Verify that the total load on the UPS is
less than the rated value of the unit.
and 119%.
The On Battery/Low
Battery LED ( )
illuminates, the Utility LED
) is not illuminated, and
(
an audible alarm sounds
(1 beep every 4 seconds).
The On Battery/Low
Battery LED (
) flashes
(1 second off, 1 second
on) and an audible alarm
sounds (1 beep every 2
There is a utility power
failure.
The battery is running
low.
The UPS is providing power to connected
equipment through the UPS internal
battery. If the power outage is for an
extended period of time, save your work
and turn off the equipment to conserve
battery power.
Two minutes or less of battery power
remains (depending on load and battery
charge). Prepare for a shutdown. Save
your work and turn off the equipment.
The alarm cannot be silenced.
seconds).
The Utility LED ( ) and the
On Battery/Low Battery
LED ( ) illuminate and an
audible alarm sounds (1
beep every 2 seconds).
The utility voltage is too
high or too low.
The utility voltage is lower or higher than
the UPS operating range. The UPS
switches to battery power. Save your
work and turn off the equipment. Turn off
the UPS. If this happens repeatedly,
verify that the utility voltage is consistent
with the UPS configuration. It may be
necessary to change the configuration of
the UPS.
Contact a qualified electrician to verify
that the utility power is suitable for the
UPS.
continued
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Table 5-1: Troubleshooting Guide continued
Symptom Possible Cause Suggested Action
Troubleshooting
The Utility LED ( ) and
the General
Alarm/Overload Indicator
) illuminate and an
(
audible alarm sounds (1/2
second on, 1/2 second
The power requirements
exceed the UPS
capacity (overload is
greater than 120%), or
the load is defective.
The UPS will automatically shut down in
three minutes or less. Save your work
and turn off the equipment. Turn off the
UPS. Review the load on the UPS and
verify that this total does not exceed the
rating of the UPS.
off).
Contact a qualified electrician to verify
that the utility power is suitable for the
UPS.
The On Battery/Low
Battery LED (
) and the
General Alarm/ Overload
Indicator ( ) illuminate
and an audible alarm
sounds (1/2 second on,
1/2 second off).
The UPS is on battery
power and the power
requirements exceed
the UPS capacity
(overload is greater than
120%), or the load is
defective.
Shutdown is imminent (30 seconds).
Save your work immediately and turn off
the equipment. Turn off the UPS.
Contact a qualified electrician to verify
that the utility power is suitable for the
UPS.
The Utility LED ( )
illuminates, the Bad
Battery LED (
) flashes,
and a continuous audible
The fan test failed. Shutdown is imminent (30 seconds).
Save your work immediately and turn off
the equipment. Turn off the UPS. Contact
an authorized service representative.
alarm sounds.
The On Battery/Low
Battery LED (
)
illuminates, the Bad
Battery LED ( ) flashes,
and a continuous audible
The battery test failed. Allow the UPS to charge the batteries for
24 hours. Initiate a self-test.
If the Bad Battery LED (
) is still
flashing, replace the batteries.
alarm sounds.
The General
Alarm/Overload Indicator
) illuminates, the Bad
(
There is an overload
timeout.
Save your work and turn off the
equipment. Turn off the UPS. Contact an
authorized service representative.
Battery LED ( ) flashes,
and an audible alarm
sounds.
continued
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Troubleshooting
Table 5-1: Troubleshooting Guide continued
Symptom Possible Cause Suggested Action
The Utility LED ( ), On
Battery/Low Battery LED
), and General
(
Alarm/Overload Indicator
( ) illuminate; the Bad
Battery LED ( ) flashes;
and a continuous audible
alarm sounds.
The Utility LED ( ) and
the On Battery/Low
Battery LED (
illuminate, the Bad Battery
LED ( ) flashes, and a
continuous audible alarm
sounds.
If the condition persists, contact an
All LEDs are flashing and
an audible alarm sounds
(3 beeps every 10
seconds).
The Utility LED ( ) and
the Bad Battery LED ( )
flash and a continuous
audible alarm sounds.
The Utility LED ( ), On
Battery/Low Battery LED
( ), and Bad Battery LED
) flash and a
(
continuous audible alarm
sounds.
The On Battery/Low
Battery LED (
Bad Battery LED (
flash, the Utility LED ( )
is not illuminated, and a
continuous audible alarm
sounds.
)
) and the
)
There is an output short
circuit.
An over temperature
condition may exist.
There is a failed attempt
to start the UPS on
battery (battery voltage
is less than 1.9 volts per
cell when startup
attempted).
There is a failed attempt
to start the UPS on
battery (battery voltage
is greater than 2.5 volts
per cell when startup
attempted).
The output wave is
abnormal while the UPS
is operating on battery.
The output voltage is
under the low limit while
the UPS is operating on
battery.
Save your work and turn off the
equipment. Turn off the UPS. Contact an
authorized service representative.
Shutdown is imminent. Save your work,
turn off the equipment, and power down
the UPS.
Verify that no blockage of airflow to the
front bezel and rear panel exists.
Wait at least five minutes and restart the
UPS.
authorized service representative.
Plug the UPS into a power outlet for
24 hours to charge the battery. After
charging the battery, initiate a self-test.
If the Bad Battery LED (
flashing, contact an authorized service
representative.
Plug the UPS into a power outlet for 24
hours to charge the battery. After
charging the battery, initiate a self-test.
If the Bad Battery LED (
flashing, contact an authorized service
representative.
Save your work and power down the
UPS. Contact an authorized service
representative.
Save your work and power down the
UPS. Contact an authorized service
representative.
) is still
) is still
Repairing the UPS
Repairs to the UPS must be carried out by HP or an authorized service representative. Other
than battery replacement, there are no UPS user-serviceable parts.
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Regulatory Compliance Notices
Regulatory Compliance Identification Numbers
For the purpose of regulatory compliance certifications and identification, your product has
been assigned a unique HP series number. The series number can be found on the product
nameplate label, along with all required approval markings and information. When requesting
compliance information for this product, always refer to this series number. The series
number should not be confused with the marketing name or model number of the product.
Federal Communications Commission Notice
Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and Regulations has
established Radio Frequency (RF) emission limits to provide an interference-free radio
frequency spectrum. Many electronic devices, including computers, generate RF energy
incidental to their intended function and are, therefore, covered by these rules. These rules
place computers and related peripheral devices into two classes, A and B, depending upon
their intended installation. Class A devices are those that may reasonably be expected to be
installed in a business or commercial environment. Class B devices are those that may
reasonably be expected to be installed in a residential environment (for example, personal
computers). The FCC requires devices in both classes to bear a label indicating the
interference potential of the device as well as additional operating instructions for the user.
A
The rating label on the device shows the classification (A or B) of the equipment. Class B
devices have an FCC logo or FCC ID on the label. Class A devices do not have an FCC logo
or FCC ID on the label. After the class of the device is determined, refer to the corresponding
statement in the following sections.
Class A Equipment
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial
environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if
not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at
personal expense.
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Regulatory Compliance Notices
Class B Equipment
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is
no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does
cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by
one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit that is different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio or television technician for help.
Declaration of Conformity for Products Marked with the FCC Logo, United States Only
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must
accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
For questions regarding your product, contact us by mail or telephone:
• Hewlett-Packard Company
• 1-800-652-6672 (For continuous quality improvement, calls may be recorded or
For questions regarding this FCC declaration, contact us by mail or telephone:
• Hewlett-Packard Company
• 1-281-514-3333
To identify this product, refer to the part, series, or model number found on the product.
Modifications
P. O. Box 692000, Mail Stop 530113
Houston, Texas 77269-2000
monitored.)
P. O. Box 692000, Mail Stop 510101
Houston, Texas 77269-2000
The FCC requires the user to be notified that any changes or modifications made to this
device that are not expressly approved by Hewlett-Packard Company may void the user’s
authority to operate the equipment.
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Cables
Connections to this device must be made with shielded cables with metallic RFI/EMI
connector hoods in order to maintain compliance with FCC Rules and Regulations.
Canadian Notice (Avis Canadien)
Class A Equipment
This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing
Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le
matériel brouilleur du Canada.
Class B Equipment
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing
Equipment Regulations.
Regulatory Compliance Notices
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le
matériel brouilleur du Canada.
European Union Notice
Products with the CE Marking comply with both the EMC Directive (89/336/EEC) and the
Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC) issued by the Commission of the European Community.
Compliance with these directives implies conformity to the following European Norms (in
brackets are the equivalent international standards):
• EN50091-1 – UPS Product Safety Requirements
• EN50091-2 – UPS EMC Requirements
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Regulatory Compliance Notices
Japanese Notice
China Taiwan Notice
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Battery Replacement Notice
The UPS is equipped with a sealed lead-acid battery pack. There is a danger of explosion and
risk of personal injury if the battery is incorrectly replaced or mistreated. Replacement is to
be done using the designated spare for this product. For more information about battery
replacement or proper disposal, contact your authorized reseller or your authorized service
provider.
WARNING: The UPS contains a sealed lead-acid battery pack. There is risk of fire and
burns if the battery pack is not properly handled. To reduce the risk of personal injury:
• Do not attempt to recharge the battery.
• Do not expose to temperatures higher than 60°C (140°F).
• Do not disassemble, crush, puncture, short external contacts, or dispose of in fire
or water.
• Replace only with the spare designated for this product.
Batteries, battery packs, and accumulators should not be disposed of together with the
general household waste. To forward them to recycling or proper disposal, use the
public collection system or return them to HP, your authorized HP Partners, or their
agents.
Regulatory Compliance Notices
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B
Electrostatic Discharge
To prevent damaging the system, be aware of the precautions you need to follow when
setting up the system or handling parts. A discharge of static electricity from a finger or other
conductor may damage system boards or other static-sensitive devices. This type of damage
may reduce the life expectancy of the device.
To prevent electrostatic damage, observe the following precautions:
• Avoid hand contact by transporting and storing products in static-safe containers.
• Keep electrostatic-sensitive parts in their containers until they arrive at static-free
workstations.
• Place parts on a grounded surface before removing them from their containers.
• Avoid touching pins, leads, or circuitry.
• Always be properly grounded when touching a static-sensitive component or assembly.
Grounding Methods
There are several methods for grounding. Use one or more of the following methods when
handling or installing electrostatic-sensitive parts:
• Use a wrist strap connected by a ground cord to a grounded workstation or computer
chassis. Wrist straps are flexible straps with a minimum of 1 megohm ± 10 percent
resistance in the ground cords. To provide proper ground, wear the strap snug against the
skin.
• Use heel straps, toe straps, or boot straps at standing workstations. Wear the straps on
both feet when standing on conductive floors or dissipating floor mats.
• Use conductive field service tools.
• Use a portable field service kit with a folding static-dissipating work mat.
If you do not have any of the suggested equipment for proper grounding, have an authorized
reseller install the part.
NOTE: For more information on static electricity, or assistance with product installation, contact your
authorized reseller.
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This appendix provides the physical, input, and output specifications for the UPS. Topics also
include battery descriptions, battery runtime estimates, and environmental requirements when
operating the UPS.
Physical Specifications
Table C-1: Physical Specifications
Feature Metric U.S.
Dimensions Width 150 mm 5.9 in
Height 193 mm 7.6 in
Depth* 335 mm 13.2 in
Weight 12 kg 27 lb
C
Specifications
*With UPS front bezel installed
Input Specifications
Table C-2: Input Specifications
UPS Model
T700 NA 50/60 120 110, 120 Nondetachable power cord
T700 JPN 50/60 100 100 Nondetachable power cord
T700 H INT’L 50/60 230 220, 230, 240 IEC -320-C14 input power
Frequency
Utility
Voltage
(Hz)
Default Settings
Nominal Voltage
(VAC)
Available
Settings
Utility Voltage
(VAC)
Power Cord Supplied
with NEMA 5-15 plug
with NEMA 5-15 plug
receptacle
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Specifications
Output Specifications
Table C-3: Output Specifications
UPS Model Effective VA
T700 NA 700 500 1 4 x 5-15R
T700 JPN 700 500 1 4 x 5-15R
T700 H INT’L 700 500 1 4 x IEC-320, C13
Nominal Power
Rating (W)
Load
Segment #
Output
Receptacles
Table C-4: Output Specifications
Characteristics Configuration Setting (VAC) Available Nominal Output Voltage (VAC)
Voltage 100 100
110 110
120 120
220 220
230 230
240 240
Output
Tolerance
Battery power -10% to +5% of nominal output voltage
Source of Power Regulation
Utility power
(normal range)
Feature Specification
-10% to +6% of nominal output voltage
rating (within the guidelines of the
Computer Business Equipment
Manufacturers Association)
rating
Other features On-line efficiency 95%
Voltage wave shape Sine wave; not to exceed 25% THD at low
battery shutdown
Surge suppression High energy 6500 A peak
Noise filtering MOVs and line filter for normal and
common mode use
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Overcurrent Protection
Table C-5: Overcurrent Protection
UPS Model Input Protection
T700 NA Input Overload Protector
T700 JPN Input Overload Protector
T700 H INT’L Input Overload Protector
Battery Specifications
Table C-6: Battery Specifications
Feature Specification
Type Sealed lead-acid; maintenance-free
Voltage 24-V Battery String
Charging HP recommends 24 hours to allow full charge
Less than 3 hours to 90 percent capacity at default nominal utility voltage and no load
Specifications
Battery Runtime
Table C-7: Estimated Battery Runtime
Load (VA) Load (Watts) Estimated Battery Runtime (Minutes)
200 128 38
300 192 27
500 320 14
600 402 9
700 500 6
Note: Battery times are approximate and may vary depending on the load configuration and battery
charge.
Before connecting devices, verify that the UPS will not overload by checking that the rating
of the devices does not exceed the capacity of the UPS.
After verifying that the UPS will not overload, connect the power cords from the devices to
the appropriate output receptacles of the UPS.
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Specifications
Environmental Specifications
Table C-8: Environmental Specifications
Feature Specification
Operating temperature 10oC to 40oC (50oF to 104oF)
Transit and storage temperature -30oC to 60oC (-22oF to 140oF)
Operating humidity 20% to 80% relative humidity (noncondensing)
Nonoperating humidity 5% to 95% relative humidity (noncondensing);
Operating altitude Up to 3,048 meters (10,000 feet) above sea level
Nonoperating altitude Up to 9,144 meters (30,000 feet) above sea level
Audible noise Less than 46 dBA
UL-tested at 25
38.7 oC (101.7oF) maximum wet bulb temperature with no
cosmetic damage
o
C (77oF)
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Index
A
alarms See audible alarms
altitude specifications C-4
arcing 4-4
audible alarms
silencing 2-7
troubleshooting 5-1
audible noise specification C-4
authorized reseller ix
B
Bad Battery LED 2-1
batteries
care and storage 4-5
charging 2-3, 4-1
determining when to replace 4-2
disposal methods 4-5
installing 4-4
obtaining 4-2
precautions 4-1
recycling or disposal A-5
removing 4-3
replacing 4-3
runtime specifications C-3
spare pack part number 4-2
specifications C-3
testing 4-4
warranty 4-5
battery bracket, removing 4-3
bezel, removing 4-3
boot straps, using B-1
bracket, battery 4-3
buttons
defined 2-2
illustrated 2-1
C
cables
battery connector 4-4
FCC compliance statement A-3
power 1-2
cautions, defined viii
CE Marking A-3
charging batteries 2-3, 4-1
Comm Port See communications port
communications port 1-1
computer, host 1-1
D
data exchange 1-1
Declaration of Conformity A-2
diagnostics 2-6
DIP switches 3-1
disconnecting battery cables, procedure 4-4
disposal of batteries 4-5
E
electric shock symbol vii
electrostatic discharge See ESD
entering
Operate mode 2-4
Standby mode 2-5
environmental specifications C-4
ESD (electrostatic discharge) B-1
exchanging data 1-1
F
FCC notices
Class A Equipment A-1
Class B Equipment A-2
classification label A-1
Declaration of Conformity A-2
device modifications A-2
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Index
features
front panel 1-2
power management software 1-5
rear panels 1-3
Site Wiring Fault Indicator 2-2
UPS 1-1
voltage configuration 3-1
warranty 1-5
Federal Communications Commission notices See
FCC notices
front panel 1-2
front panel controls 2-1
G
General Alarm/Overload LED 2-1
grounding methods B-1
grounding straps B-1
H
hazardous energy circuits symbol vii
heel straps, using B-1
help, sources of viii
host computer 1-1
HP series number A-1
HP website ix
humidity specifications C-4
I
input specifications C-1
installing
batteries 4-4
UPS 2-1
K
N
Network Transient Protector 1-1
noise specifications C-4
NTP See Network Transient Protector
O
obtaining new batteries 4-2
On Battery/Low Battery LED 2-1
Operate mode
defined 2-3
entering 2-4
output specifications C-2
overcurrent protection 1-1, C-3
overload indicator 2-1
overview
power management software 1-5
Site Wiring Fault Indicator 2-2
UPS 1-1
P
panels
front 1-2
rear 1-3
part numbers
kit 1-2
spare battery packs 4-2
UPS 1-2
physical specifications C-1
port, communications 1-1
power cords 1-2
power management software 1-5
problems See troubleshooting
products, handling, storing, and transporting B-1
protection, overcurrent and surge 1-1
kit part numbers 1-2
L
LEDs
defined 2-1
illustrated 2-1
troubleshooting 5-1
load protection warranty 1-5
M
managing UPSs 1-5
models, UPS 1-2
modes of operation 2-3
Index-2 HP Uninterruptible Power System T700 Models User Guide
HP CONFIDENTIAL Codename: Sherman7 Part Number: 215420-002 Last Saved On: 10/4/02 10:29 AM
R
rear panels 1-3
regulatory compliance notices
cables A-3
Canadian A-3
Class A equipment A-1
Class B equipment A-2
device modifications A-2
European Union A-3
identification number A-1
Japanese A-4
series number A-1
China Taiwan A-4
related documents viii
removing batteries 4-3
repairing the UPS 5-4
replacing batteries 4-2, 4-3
Index
S
safety information vii, 4-1
selecting voltage configuration 3-1
self-test 2-6
serial port See communications port
series number for regulatory compliance A-1
series numbers 1-2
shutting down 2-7
Site Wiring Fault Indicator 2-2
software See power management software
specifications
battery C-3
battery runtime C-3
environmental C-4
input C-1
output C-2
overcurrent protection C-3
physical C-1
Standby mode
defined 2-3
entering 2-5
static-safe containers B-1
storing batteries 4-5
surge protection 1-1
switches, DIP 3-1
symbols
in text viii
on equipment vii
system, preventing electrostatic damage to B-1
T
technical support ix
telephone numbers ix
temperature specifications C-4
testing batteries 4-4
text conventions viii
tools, conductive field service type B-1
troubleshooting 5-1
U
Uninterruptible Power System
battery maintenance 4-1
installing 2-1
operating 2-1
overview 1-1
specifications C-1
troubleshooting 5-1
voltage configuration 3-1
UPS See Uninterruptible Power System
Utility LED 2-1
V
voltage configuration 3-1
W
warnings, defined viii
warranties
$25,000 Computer Load Protection
Guarantee 1-5
pre-failure battery 4-5
website, HP ix
weight symbol vii
wrist straps B-1
HP Uninterruptible Power System T700 Models User Guide Index-3
HP CONFIDENTIAL Codename: Sherman7 Part Number: 215420-002 Last Saved On: 10/4/02 10:29 AM
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