HP E1340A User Manual

Contents

HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator User’s Manual

Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

WARNINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Safety Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Declaration of Conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Reader Comment Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1. Getting Started with the HP E1340A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Chapter Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Preparation for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Installing the AFG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Downloading the AFG Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

AFG Logical Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Addressing the AFG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Instrument and Programming Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

SCPI Program mi ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

SCPI Command Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Command Coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

How to Execute Coupled Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

HP IBASIC Language Progra m s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

C Language Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

QuickBASIC Language Progra ms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Introductory Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

AFG Self-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Resetting and Clearing the AFG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Querying the P o wer-On/ Re set Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Checking for Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Generating a Sine Wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

HP E1340A Example Progra ms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

2. Generating Standard Waveforms with the HP E1340A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Chapter Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Standard Waveforms Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Generating DC Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

C and QuickBASIC Program Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Generating Sine, Triangle, and Square Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

C and QuickBASIC Program Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Generating Ramp Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

C and QuickBASIC Program Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Selecting the Amplitude Levels and Output Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

C and QuickBASIC Program Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Program Commen t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Reference Oscillator Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Output Load Commen t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Contents HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator User’s Manual 1

Output Units Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Using MINimum a nd MAXimum Paramet er s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

3. Generating Arbitrary Waveforms with the HP E1340A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Chapter Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Arbitrary Waveforms Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

How the AFG Generates Arbitrary Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Generati ng a Si m ple Ar bi trary Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

C and QuickBASIC Program Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Executing Several Waveform Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

C and QuickBASIC Program Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Arbitrary Waveform Hopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

C and QuickBASIC Program Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Generating Built-In Arbitrary Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

C and QuickBASIC Program Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Sample Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Generating a Damped Sine Wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Generating a n Ex p onent ial Cha rge/Discharge Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Generating a Sine Wave with Spikes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Generating a Half- Rectifi ed Sine Wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Program Commen t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Amplitude Effects on Voltage List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Reference Oscillator Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Waveforms in the EPRom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

4. HP E1340A Sweeping and Frequency-Shift Keying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Chapter Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

The Command Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Programming Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Sweeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Sweeping Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Sweeping Using Start and Stop Frequen cies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

C and QuickBASIC Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Sweeping Using Start and Span Frequenc i es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

C and QuickBASIC Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Sweep Point s Vs. Sweep Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

C and QuickBASIC Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Frequency-Shift Keying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Program Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Program Commen t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Reference Oscillator Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

AFG Frequency Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Frequency Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

2 HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator User’s Man ual Contents

5. HP E1340A Arming and Marker Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Chapter Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

The ARM Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

The ARM States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Initiating Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Arming the AFG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Arming Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Setting the

Arm Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Setting the Arm and Wa veform Cycle Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Gating the Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Aborting Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Marker Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Marker Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Available Marker Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Generating Zero Crossing Marker Pulses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Program Commen t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Reference Oscillator Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

AFG Frequency Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

AFG Arming Sourc es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

AFG Arm Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Waveform Repetition Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Enabling the Gate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

6. HP E1340A High Speed Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Chapter Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Using DAC Dat a to Generate Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Program Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Using Definite Length Blocks to Transfer Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Definite Length Block Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Data Byte Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Program Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Using the VXIbus Backplane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Using the VXIbus Backplane to Download Segment Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Downloading Segment Data into Memor y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Downloading Directly into the DAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Program that Downloa ds and Ex ecutes Wa ve form Segment s in Memory . . . . . . 120

Program to Download Directl y to the DAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Program Commen t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Amplitude Effects on DAC Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Incorrect AFG Oper ation from Incorrect DAC Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Contents HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator User’s Manual 3

7. HP E1340A Command Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Chapter Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Command Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Common Command Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

SCPI Command F orma t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Command Separa t or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Abbreviated Comm ands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Implied (Opt ional) Keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

SCPI Command Pa ra m et er s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Parameter Types, Explanations, and Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Optional Par am eters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Querying

Parameter

Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

SCPI Command Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Command Coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Linking Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

SCPI Command Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

ABORt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

ARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

[:STARt][:LAYer[1]] :COUNt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

[:STARt]:LAYer2 :COUNt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

[:STARt]:LAYer2 :SLOPe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

[:STARt]:LAYer2 :SOURce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

CALibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

:AC:BEGin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

:AC:POINt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

:DATA:AC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

:DATA[:DC] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

[:DC]:BEGin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

[:DC]:POINt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

:STATe:AC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

INITiate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

[:IMMediate] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

OUTPut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

:IMPedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

:LOAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

[SOURce:]ARBitrary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

:DAC:SOURce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

:DOWNload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

:DOWNload :COMPlet e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

[SOURce:]FREQuency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

:CENTer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

[:CW|:FIXed] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

:FSKey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

:MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

:SPAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

:STARt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

4 HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator User’s Man ual Contents

:STOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

[SOURce:]FUNCtion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

[:SHAPe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

:USER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

[SOURce:]LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

[:SEGMent] :CATalog? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

[:SEGMent]:DEFine? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

[:SEGMent]:SELect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

[:SEGMent]:VOLTage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

[:SEGMent]:V O LTage:DAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

[:SEGMent]:VO LTage:POI Nts? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

:SSEQuence :CAT alog? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

:SSEQuence :DEFine? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

:SSEQuence:SELect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

:SSEQuence :SEQuence ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

:SSEQuence :SEQuence :SEGMents? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

[SOURce:]MARKer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

:FEED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

:POLarit y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

[SOURce:]RAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

:POLarit y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

[SOURce:]ROSCillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

:FREQuency :EXTer nal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

:GATE:ST ATe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

:SOURce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

[SOURce:]SWEep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

:COUNt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

:POINts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

:TIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

[SOURce:]VOLTage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

[:LEVel][:IMMediate] [: AMPLitude] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

[:LEVel][:IMM ediate] [: AMPLitude]:UNIT [:VOLTag e] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

[:LEVel][:IMMediate]: OFFSet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

STATus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

:OPERati on |Q UEStionable :CONDition? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

:OPERati on | QUEStionable :E NABle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

:OPERati on |Q UEStionable [:EVENt]? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

:OPERation |QUEStionable :NTRansition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

:OPERation |QUEStionable :PTRansition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

:PRESet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

SYSTem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

:ERRor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

:VERSion? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

TRIGger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

[:STARt]:CO UNt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

[:STARt]:SOURce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

IEEE-488. 2 Common Command s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

Contents HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator User’s Manual 5

*CLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

*DMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

*EMC and *EMC? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

*ESE and *ESE? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

*ESR? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

*GMC? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

*IDN? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

*LMC? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

*LRN? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

*OPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

*OPC? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

*PMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

*RCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

*RMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

*RST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

*SAV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

*SRE and *SRE? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

*STB? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

*TST? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

*WAI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

SCPI Conforma nce Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

8. HP E1340A AFG Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

Status System Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

The Operation Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

The Standard Event Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

The Status Byte Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Using the Standard Event Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

9. HP E1340A Block Diagram Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Chapter Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

AFG Descripti on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

What is an Arbitrary Waveform? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Generating Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Output DAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Reference Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Frequency Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Output Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Input/Output Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

A. HP E1340A Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Appendix Conten t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Instrument Sp ecifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

General and VXI Cha racteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

6 HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator User’s Man ual Contents

B. HP E1340A Useful Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

Appendix Conten t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

C. HP E1340A Register-Based Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

Appendix Conten t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

Register Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

The Base Addres s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

Computer Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

Throughput Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

Embedded Computer Programm in g (C-Size Systems) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

IBASIC Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

External Computer Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

Programmi ng Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

Register Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

The READ Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

The ID Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

The Device Type Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

The Status Re gister . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

The Query Response Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

The WRITE Reg isters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

The Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

The Command and Parameter Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

The Input Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

Command Descriptions and Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Setting the Output Fun ction an d Loading RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Setting the Signal Fr equenc y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244

Setting the Output At ten ua t i on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

Setting the Amplitud e O ffset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

Setting the S weep Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

Setting the Burst C ount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

The AFG Output M ode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

Starting the Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

Querying the A F G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

AFG Soft Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

Aborting the Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

Program Timing and Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

AFG Reset Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

Configuring the AFG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

Querying AFG Pa ra meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

Example Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256

Opcode/Parameter Quick Re feren ce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256

Generating a

Sine Wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

Multiple Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

Internally Triggering a Burst of Cycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Extern al ly Triggering a Burst of Cycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

Frequency-Shift Keying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

Contents HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator User’s Manual 7

Notes

Waveform Hopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Sweeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

Gating the Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Downloading an Arbitrary Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

Fast Frequency Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

Sending Data Directly to the DAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

Example Program Subprograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Querying AFG Pa ra meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

8 HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator User’s Man ual Contents

Certification

Hewlett-Pac kard Compa ny certif ies that this product m et its published sp ecifi cation s at the time of shipment from the factory. H ewlett­Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United Stat es Nation al Instit ute of Stand ard s and Tech­nology (for m erl y Nat ional Bur ea u of Standar ds ), to the ex tent allo wed by that orga ni zati on’ s cal ib rat ion f ac ili t y, and t o th e calibration
facilities of ot her International Standards Organization members.

Warranty

This Hewlet t-Pa ck ar d product is warr ante d agai nst de fect s in mate rials and w orkmansh ip for a period of three years from date of ship­ment. Duration and conditions of warranty for this product may be superseded when the product i s i nt egrated into (be com es a part of)
other HP product s. Du ring the warrant y period, Hewlett-Packard Company will, at its opt ion, either repair or repl ace pr oducts which
prove to be defective.

For warranty se r vice or repair, this product mu st be r et ur ned to a service facility designated by Hewl et t -P ackard (HP). Buyer sha l l pr e­pay shipping cha rges to HP and HP shall pay shipping charges to re tu rn the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping
charges, duties, and taxe s for products returned to HP from anot her count r y.

HP warrants that its softwar e and firmwar e designa ted b y HP for use with a product will execute its programmin g instru cti ons wh en
properly installe d on that product. HP does not warrant that the operat ion of the product, or software , or firmware will be uninterrupted
or er ro r f r ee.

Limitation Of Warrant y

The foreg oin g warra nt y sh al l not apply t o defects resulting from impr oper or inadequate m ai nt enance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied prod­ucts or interfacing, unauthori ze d m odificati on or misus e, operation outside of the environmenta l specificat i ons for the product, or im­proper site prep arat i on or maint ena nce.

The design and imp le mentation of an y circuit on thi s pr oduct is the sole responsibility of the Buyer. HP does not warrant th e Buyer’s
circuitr y or malfunctions of HP products that result from the Bu yer’s circuitry. In addition, HP d oes not warrant a n y damage that oc­curs as a result of the B uyer’s circuit or any defects that re sult from Buyer-supplied product s.

NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. HP SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARR ANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Exclusive Remedie s

THE REMED IES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HP SHALL NOT BE LIABLE
FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CON­TRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.

Notice

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. HEWLETT-PACKARD (HP) MAKES NO WAR­RANTY OF ANY KIND W ITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WAR­RANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. HP shall not be liable for errors contained
herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance or use of this material. This docu­ment c ontains proprietary information whi ch is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be photo­copied, reproduced, or translate d to another lan guage wit h out the prior written consent of Hewlett -Packar d C ompany. HP assumes no
responsibility for the use or reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished by HP.

Restricted Rights Legen d

Use, dupli ca tion or discl osu re by the U. S. Go vernme nt is subje ct to rest rict i ons as set fort h in subparagraph (c)(1)(i i) of the Right s in
Technical Data and Comp uter Softwa re clause in D F ARS 252.227-701 3.

Hewlett-Packar d Company
3000 Hanover Street
Palo Alto, Cal if ornia 943 04 U.S. A.

Rights for non-DOD U.S. Government Departments and Agen ci es are as set f orth in F AR 52.227 -19 (c) (1,2).

HP E1340A Arbitrar y Function Gene rat or Modu le Use r’s Manu al

Copyright © 1995 He wle tt-Pa cka rd Company. All Right s Reser ve d.

Edition 3

HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator Module User’s Manual 9

Documentatio n History

All Editions and Updates of this manual and their creation date are listed below. The first Edition of the manual is Edition 1. The Edi­tion number increment s by 1 whenever the manua l is revised . Updates , which are issued betw een Edi ti ons, c ontain repla ce ment pa ges
to correct or add additional information to the current Edition of the manual. Whenever a new Edition is created, it wil l contain all of
the Update inf ormat ion for the pre viou s Editi on. Each new Ed iti on or Update also incl ude s a revis ed c op y of this documentation his­tory page.

Edition 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan uar y, 1992

Update 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . August, 1992

Edition 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . March, 1993

Edition 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April, 1995

Safety Symbols

Instruction manual symbol affixed to prod­uct. Indicat es that the user must refer to t he
manual for specific WARNING or CAU­TION information to avoid personal injury
or damage to the product.

Indicates the field wiring terminal that must
be connected to earth ground before operat­ing the equipment—protects against electri­cal shock in case of fault.

Frame or chassis ground termi nal — t ypi-

or

cally connects to the equipment’s metal
frame.

WARNING

CAUTION

Alternating current (AC).

Direct curren t (DC).

Indicate s ha za rdous voltages.

Calls at te nt i on t o a pr ocedure, practi ce, or
condition that could cause bodily injury or
death.

Calls at te nt i on t o a pr ocedure, practi ce, or con­dition that could possibly cause damage to
equipme nt or perma nen t los s of data.

WARNINGS

The following ge ner al safet y prec aut ions mus t be observed du ring al l phas es of oper ation , ser vice , and repai r of this pr oduct.
Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design,
manufacture, and inten ded use of the product. Hewlett-Packard Company assumes no liability for the cust o mer’s failu re to
comply with these requirements.

Ground the equipment: For Safety Cl as s 1 equipmen t (equ ipment ha vin g a protective ea rth ter mi nal) , an unint erru ptib le sa fety earth

ground must be provide d from the ma in s power sour ce to the produ ct input wi rin g termi nals or suppli ed power cable .

DO NOT operate the produc t in an explosive at mospher e or in the presen ce of flammable gases or fume s.

For continued protect ion a gainst fire, repl ace the line fuse (s) only with fuse(s) of the same voltage and current rating a nd type .
DO NOT use repaired fuses or short-circui ted fuse holders.

Keep away from live circuits: Operatin g personnel must not remove equipment covers or shields. Procedures involving the removal
of covers or shields are for use by service-trained personnel onl y. Under certain conditions , dangerous voltages may exist even with the
equipment switched off. To avoid dangerous ele ctrical shock , DO NOT perf orm procedures involving cover or shield removal unless
you are qualified to do so.

DO NOT operate damaged equipment: Whene ver it i s p ossibl e tha t the sa fe ty protection features buil t int o t his pr oduct have been im­paired, eithe r t hr ough physical dam a ge, exces si ve moisture, or any ot her re as on, REMOVE POWER and do not use the product until
safe operation can be verified by service-trained personnel. If necessary, return the product to a Hewlet t-P ackar d Sales and Se rvice O f­fice for service and repair to ensure that safety features are maintaine d.

DO NOT service or adjust alon e: Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable of rendering first aid
and resuscitation, is present.

DO NOT substitute parts or modify equipment: Because of the danger of introducing additional hazar ds, do not install substitut e
parts or perform any unauthorized modifica tion to the product. Retur n the product to a Hewlet t-P ackar d Sales and Ser vice O ffice for
service and repair to ensure that safety features a re ma i nt ai ned.

10 HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator Module User’s Manual

Declaration of Conformity

according to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN 45014

Manufacturer’s Name: Hewlett-Pa ckar d C ompany

Loveland Manufacturing Center

Manufact urer’s Addre s s: 815 14th Street S.W.

Loveland, Colorado 80537

declares, that the product:

Product Name: Arbitrary Function Generator

Model Number : E1340A

Produc t Opt ion s: All

conforms to the following Pr od uct Spe cifi cati ons :

Safety: IEC 1010-1 (1990) Incl . Amend 1 (1992) /E N610 10-1 (1993)

CSA C22.2 #1010.1 (1 992)
UL 1244

EMC: CISPR 11:1990/EN55011 (1991): Group1 Class A

IEC 801-2:1991/ E N5008 2-1 (1 992) : 4kVCD, 8k VA D
IEC 801-3:1984/ E N5008 2-1 (1 992) : 3 V/m
IEC 801-4:1988/ E N5008 2-1 (1 992) : 1kV P ower Lin e
.5kV Signal Lines

Supplementary Information: The product her ewi th c ompl ies wit h th e requirements of the Low Voltage Directive
73/23/EEC and the EMC Directive 89/336/ EEC and carri es the CE-mark ing acc ordingly.

Tested in a typical configuration in an HP B-Size VXI mainframe.

April, 1995 Jim White , QA ManagerApril, 1995 Jim White, QA Manager

European conta ct: Your loca l He wlett-Pa cka rd Sales a nd Servi ce O ffic e or Hewlett- Packa rd GmbH, Departm ent
HQ-TRE, Herr en ber ger Straße 130, D- 71034 Böblingen, Germ a ny (FAX + 49-7031-14-3143 ).

HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator Module User’s Manual 11

Notes

12 HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator Module User’s Manual

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HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator Modul e User’s Manual

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14 HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generat or Module User’s Manual

Getting Started with the HP E1340A

Chapter Contents

Chapter 1

This chapter shows you ho w to configure, install, and b egi n using the
HP E1340A Arbitrary Function Generator (AFG). The main sections of this
chapter include:

• Preparation for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 15

Installing the AFG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 15

Downloadi ng the A F G Device Driver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 15

AF G Lo gical Add ress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pag e 17

Addressing the AFG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 18

• Instrument and Programming Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 19

HP IBASIC La nguage Pro grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 22

C Language Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 25

QuickBASIC Language Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 31

• Introductory Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 36

AF G Self-Te s t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 36

Resetting and Clearing the AFG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pag e 37

Queryi ng the Power-On/ Res et Con figu rat i on . . . . . . . . . . Pag e 37

Checking for Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 38

Generating a Sine Wave. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 40

• HP E1340A Example Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 40

Preparation for Use

This section shows how to prepare the AFG for use. Included are
instructions to install the AFG, to download the AFG Device Driver, and to
addre ss t he AFG.

Installing the AFG The AFG can be installed in any mainfra me slot, except slot 0. For

installation instructions in a B-Size VXIbus System, refer to the B-size
Installation an d Getting Start ed Guide. For install ation instructio ns in
C-Size VXIbus Systems, refer to the C-size Installat ion an d Getting Start ed
Guide.

Downloading the

AFG Devic e D ri v e r

The HP E1340A AFG driver allows the AFG to operate in an
HP E1300/E1301 Ma inframe or HP E1405/E1 406 Co mma nd Mo dule using
the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (i.e., SCPI)
instrument command language. The driver is supplied on the AFG’s
example program disks (see “Instrument and Programming Languages” on
page 19 f or more i nf ormat ion on the disks).

15 Gettin g Started with the HP E1340A Chapter 1

The procedure for downloading the driver is contained in the HP
Installation N ote Do wnloadin g Device Drivers. The E1300/E1301

Mainframe Manual, H P E1405 Command Module Manu al, and E1406
Command Module Manual also contain the installation procedure.

Mainframe/Command

Module Requirements

Recommended

Systems to Download

the Drivers

To download a driver, the ROM version number of the HP E1300/E1301
Mainframe or HP E1405 Command M odu le must be A.06.00 or above. To
determine the version number, send t he IEEE 488.2 common command

*IDN?. A typical returned value (for the HP E1300A Mainframe) is:

HEWLETT-PACKARD,E1300A,0,A.06.01

where "A.06.01" is the version nu mber.

The AFG instrument driver can be downloaded with the following systems.

HP BASIC with an External HP- IB Controller

This system downloads the driver o ver th e Hewlett-P ac kard Interface Bus
(HP-IB*) with an HP BASIC controller, like the HP Series 200/300
computer. Be sure to connect the computer to the Mainframe’s / Command
Module’s HP-IB port. The program to download the driver is named
“VXIDLD_GET”, and is in GET/ S AVE f ormat. The pr o gra m is located on
the HP IBASIC example program disk (HP part number E1340-10035).
This disk is f orm at ted in the LIF format.

HP IBASIC in an HP E1300/E1301 Mainframe or
HP E1405/E1406 Command Module

This system downloads the drivers using the HP IBASIC (i.e., HP
Instrument BASIC) pr ogra m la nguage. The language comes with options to
the HP E1300/E1301 M ainframe and the HP E1405/ E1406 Command
Modules. IBASIC reads dis ks formatted in either the LIF or M S-DOS®
format and can use either example program disk (depend ent on your disk
drive). To download the driver from the LIF disk or t he DOS disk, use
“AUTOST”.

Externally Connected MS-DOS® Computer

This system downloads the driver us ing an MS-DOS computer over the
RS-232 serial int erface. Connect the computer to th e Mai nframe’s /
Command Module’s RS-232 port. The program to download the driver is
named “VXIDLD.EXE” and is located on the DOS example program disk
(HP part number E1340-10036). Th is disk is formatted for MS-DOS.

* HP-IB is Hewlett-Packard’s implement at ion of IEEE Std 488. 1-1 978

Chapter 1 Getting Started with the HP E1340A 16

AFG Logical

Address

The AFG is shipped from the factory with a logical addre ss setting of 80,
as shown in Figure 1-1.

The E1340A AFG logical address is us ed:

• to place the AFG in the servant area of a commander

(e.g. HP E1405/E1406 C omm and M o dule).

• to address the AFG (see “Addressing the AFG” later in this chapter).

Figure 1-1. Setting the Logical Address

17 Gettin g Started with the HP E1340A Chapter 1

Assigning the AFG to a

Commander

In VXIbus systems, each device must be in the servant area of a
commander. Note th e following wh en assigning the E1340 A AFG:

• In a B-size system, the system instrument is the commander. Any

AFG logical address (1 - 255) places the AFG in the commander
servant ar ea. The AFG logical addre ss should remain at 80, or if
necessary, set to some other multiple of 8 (s ee “Addressing the
AFG”).

• The E1340A AFG is a register-based device. If the AFG’s driver is

downloaded in t he HP E1405/E1406 Command Module, then the
AFG must be in th e serva n t a r ea o f the Command Module to
prog ram with SCP I commands.

Addr essing t he AF G The following information explains how the AFG is addressed using

dif feren t com p u ter ( contr o ller) configur ations.

IB ASIC To program the AFG in a B-size or C-size system using IBASIC, the AFG

must have a unique address. The addr ess is a combinat i on of the IBASIC
interface select code, the Mainframe’s/Command Module’s primary HP-IB
address, and the AFG’s s ec ondary HP-IB address. An addr ess in this form
in an HP IBASIC sta tement appears as:

External Controller

and PC

OUTPUT 80910;"SOUR: RO SC:SOUR INT"

Interface Select Code (8): The IBASIC interface select code is 8. This
select code is used to access all devices installed in B-size and C-size
systems under IBASIC control.

Primary HP-IB Address (09): This is the address of the HP-IB port on the
Mainframe or C ommand Modu le . Valid add r esses are 0 to 30. The
mainframe/command module has a factory set address of 9.

Secondary HP-IB Address (10): This address is derived from the logical
address of the de vice (AFG) by dividing t he logical address by 8. F or t he
E1340A AFG factory set logical address of 80, the secondary address is 10.

When programming the AFG from an external computer such as a HP
Series 300 or PC, the addressing convention used is the same as IBASIC
exc ept for th e interface select code. An exam p le is sho wn b elow:

OUTPUT 70910;"SOUR: RO SC:SOUR INT"

Interface Select Code (7): Determined by the address of the HP-IB
interface card in the computer. In most Hewlett-Packard computers, this
card has a factory set address of 7, including the HP 82335 HP-IB Interface
Card (this card was used with an HP Vectra personal computer to create the
C and QuickBASIC example programs).

Chapter 1 Getting Started with the HP E1340A 18

The Pri mary HP-IB Address and Secondary HP-IB Address are the
same as described previously for IBASIC programming.

Instrument and Programming Languages

The purpose of this manual is to teach you how to use the E1340A AFG. To
do this, the manual uses block diagrams, flowcharts, and example programs.
The programs s hown in the manual are SCPI pr ogr a ms wr itten in HP
IBASIC. These programs, and Quic kBASIC and C language v ersions of the
programs are on the following disks whic h ship with the manual:

• HP E1340A Instrument Driver and HP IBASIC Example Progra ms -

3.5" 720 kbyte disk (E1340-10035)

• HP E1340A Instrument Driver and QuickBASIC and C Language

Example programs - 3.5" 1.44 M byte disk (E1340-10036)

SCPI Programming SCPI (Standar d Comm a nds for Programm ab le Instru ments) is an

ASCII-based instrument command language des igned for test and
measurement instruments. The HP E1300/E1301 Main frame or
HP E1405/E1406 Comm a nd Mo dule with the AFG drive r installed
interprets the ASCII command strings and sets the AFG accordingly. The
Mainframe/Command Module does this by writing to the AFG registers.

SCPI Command

Structure

The AFG SCPI command set is found in Chapter 7. SCPI commands are
based on a hierarchical structure, also known as a tree system. In this
system, ass ociated commands are grouped together under a common node
or root, t hus, for ming subtree s o r subsystem s. An example i s the AF G’s
’ARM’ subsystem shown below.

ARM

[:STARt|SEQuence[1]]

[:LAYer[1]]

:COUNt <

:LAYer2

:COUNt <
:SLOPe <
:SOURce <

is the root keyword of the command, :STARt|SEQuence1 is the

ARM

second level keyword,
so on. A colon (:) always s eparates a command keyword from a lower level
keyword as shown below:

ARM:LAY2:SOUR EXT

number>
number>

edge >

source>

:LAYer1 and :LAYer2 are th ird leve l ke ywords, a n d

19 Gettin g Started with the HP E1340A Chapter 1

A semicolon (;) is us ed to s epara te two commands within the same
subsystem, and can also save typing. For e xa mple, sending th is c omma nd
messa ge:

ARM:LAY2:SOUR EXT ;SLO P POS; COUN 10

Is the same as sending these three commands:

ARM:LAY2:SOUR EXT
ARM:LAY2:SLO P POS
ARM:LAY2:COUN 10

Manual Format The typical format of commands listed in the command reference and

throughout t his manual is:

[SOURce:]FREQuency:MODE <mode>

Command headers enclosed in brackets are optional. UPPER CASE letters
in the header are required, lower case letters can be omitted. To aid in

learni ng the AFG command set, all headers are incl uded in the example
programs; however, the headers are abbreviated. In an example

program, the previous statement with a mode parameter of
appear as:

FIX would

SOUR:FREQ:MODE FIX

Command Coupling Many of the AFG SCPI commands are value coupled. This means that the

value set by one command may affect the valid limits for the values of other
commands. This can resu lt in "Settings Conf lict" errors when t h e program
executes. To prevent these errors, the AFG commands must be executed in
a "Coupling Group".

The AFG uses one coupling group. Commands not in the coupling group
must precede or follow commands in the coupling group. Executing
uncoupled commands in the coupling group breaks the coupling and can
cause a "Settings Conflict" error.

The coupling group and associated commands can be found in Appendix B,
Table B-2.

Chapter 1 Getting Started with the HP E1340A 20

How to Execute

Coupled Commands

Command coupling determines the AFG programming sequence. Coupled
comma nd s must be contiguou s and execut ed in the same program statement .
This is done by placing the co mmands in the same program line, or by
suppressing the end-of-line terminator until the last (coupled) command has
been sent (HP IBASIC progra ms on ly).

To send multiple commands in a single line or in a single statement, the
commands ar e linked with a semi colon (;) and a colo n (:). This is illustrated
in the foll owing l ines :

SOUR:ROSC:SO UR INT;:SOUR:F UNC: SHAP SIN

or

SOUR:ROSC:SOUR INT;
:SOUR:FUNC:SHAP SIN

Both techniques are used in the programs found throughout this manual.

Note that the semicolon (;) and colon (:) link commands with in different
subsystems. Only a semicolon (;) is required t o link commands within the
same s ubs ystem (s ee “SCPI C o m mand Structure” earlier in this chapt er).

Note See “HP IBASIC Language Programs” later in this chapter for information

on suppressing the end-of-l ine te rmin ato r.

21 Gettin g Started with the HP E1340A Chapter 1

HP IBASIC

Language Programs

The following information identifies the system on which the
HP IBASIC programs were written and shows how the programs are
structured.

System Configuration Except where noted, the example programs in HP IBASIC were developed

(and tested) on the following system:

Mainframe: HP E1301A Mainframe

(IBASIC Opt io n)

HP E1340A Logical Address: 80

Instrument Language: SCPI

Program Structure The structure of an example program in HP IBASIC is s hown below:

1 !RE-SAVE“ARB_GEN”
2 !This program generates a 4096 point, 0 to 5V ramp waveform.
3 !The data is transferred to the AFG as voltages.
4!
10 !Assign I/O path between IBASIC and the E1340A.
20 ASSIGN @Afg TO 80910
30 COM @Afg, Waveform(1:4096)
40 !
50 !Set up error checking
60 ON INTR 8 CALL Errmsg
70 ENABLE INTR 8;2
80 OUTPUT @Afg;“*CLS”
90 OUTPUT @Afg; “*SRE 32”
100 OUTPUT @Afg; “*ESE 60”
110 !
120 !Call the subprogram which resets the AFG.
130 CALL Rst
140 !Set AFG parameters
150 OUTPUT @A fg;“SOUR:ROSC:SO UR INT;”; !re fe re nc e osci llato r
160 OUTPUT @A fg; “:SOUR:F REQ:FIX 1E3;”; !frequency
170 OUTPUT @Afg; “:SOUR:FUNC:S HAP USER; ”; !func ti on
180 OUTPUT @Afg; “:SOUR:VO LT :LEV:IMM:AMPL 5.1V ”!scale

amplitude

190 !
200 !Call subprogram which defi ne s waveform segment .
210 CALL Ramp_wave
220 !
230 !Select output sequence and initiate waveform
240 OUTPUT @Afg;“SOUR:FUNC:USER A”
250 OUTPUT @A fg;“INIT:IMM” !wait-for-arm stat e

Chapter 1 Getting Started with the H P E1340A 22

Contin ued on next page

260 !
270 WAI T .1 !allow interrupt to be serviced
280 OFF INTR 8
290 END
300 !
310 SUB Ramp_wave
320 Ramp_wave: !Subprogram which defines a ramp waveform
330 COM @Afg,Waveform(*)
340 FOR I=1 TO 4096
350 Waveform(I)=I*.00122
360 NEXT I
370 !
380 OUT PUT @A fg; “SOUR:LIST:SEGM:SEL A”!Selec t segme nt name
390 OUT PUT @Afg;“ SOUR:LIST : SEG M:VOLT”;Wavef orm(*)!loa d

waveform point s

400 SUBEND
410 !
420 SUB Rst
430 Rst: !Subprogram which resets the E1340.
440 COM @Afg,Waveform(*)
450 OUTPUT @A fg;“*RST;*OPC?” !reset the AFG
460 ENTER @Afg;Complete
470 SUBEND
480 !
490 SUB Errmsg
500 Errmsg: !Subprogram which displays E1340 program ming error s
510 COM @Afg,Waveform(*)
520 DIM Message$[256]
530 !Read AFG status byte register and clear service request bit
540 B=SPOLL(@Afg)
550 !End of statem ent if error occur s among coupl ed com mands
560 OUTPUT @A fg;“”
570 OUT PUT @Afg;“ABORT” !abort output waveform
580 REPEAT
590 OUTPUT @Afg;“SYST:ERR?” !read AFG error queue
600 ENTER @Afg;Code,Message$
610 PRINT Code,Message$

23 Gettin g Started with the HP E1340A Chapter 1

620 UNTIL Code=0
630 STOP
640 SUBEND

Turning Off (Suppressing) the End-Of-Line Terminator

As mentioned, coupled commands must be contiguous and executed in the
same program statement. By su ppre ssing the end-of-line (EOL) terminator
(Line Feed) on a command line, c oupled commands can be sent on separate
lines, yet as a single program statement.

In HP IBASIC programs, the EOL terminator is suppressed by placing a
semico lon ( ; ) following the q u otation mark ( “ ) which closes the
command string. In the program above, the commands in lines 150 - 180 are
in the coupling group. The semicolons following the command strings in
lines 150 throu gh 170 suppre ss t h e EOL terminator; t heref ore lines 15 0 ­180 are sent as a single statement.

Getting Programs

The HP IBASIC programs are stored on the disk as ASCII files. The
program name is shown in the program titl e and in line 1 of the pr ogram

1 !RE-SAVE"ARB_GEN"). To get a program, type:

(e.g.,

GET “file name” (e.g., GET “ARB_GEN”)

Declaring IBASIC Variables in COM (common) Memory

When writing or modifying IBASIC programs , array variables can b e
declared in COM (common) memory. Variables not in COM memory resid e
in the IBASIC stack. The ’stack’ is a 32 kB yte (d efault) s egmen t of memo ry
which contai ns components su ch as pointers and lo cal variab les f or
subprograms and de clarations. When too many variables (or too large a n
array) are in the stack, Error 2 - Memory Overflow will occur. If a memory
overflow occurs, the stack size can be changed with the command

PROGram:MALLocate < nbytes> (see the Instr ument BASIC User’s Man ual

for more information).

Chapter 1 Getting Started with the HP E1340A 24

C La nguage

Programs

All of the C Language example programs in this manual are written for the
HP 82335 HP-IB Inter fa ce Car d using the HP-IB Command Library for C.
Unless otherwise noted, the library functions used in the programs are
com patible with the ANSI C standard.

The following identifies the system on which the programs are written,
shows how to compile the programs, and gives a typical example program.

System Configuration The C programs were developed on the following syst em:

Controller: HP Vectra 386/25 personal computer

(386 processor operated at 25 MHz)

HP-IB Interface Card: HP 82335 HP-IB Interface with

Command Library

Mainframe: HP 75000 Series B/C

Slot0/Resource Manager: HP E1301A Mainframe/E14 05/E1 406

Command Module

HP E1340A Logical Address:80

Instrument Language: SCPI

C Compiler Used Unless otherwise noted, all C Language programs were co mpiled (and

tested) using the following compilers:

• Microsoft

• Microsoft

• Bo rland Turbo C

• Borland Turbo C++

®

C Version 5.10

®

QuickC© Version 2.0

©

Version 2.0

©

Version 1.0

Running a Program To run a program, first comp ile and link the program to make an executable

file. To compile a program:

• Link the approp riate HP-IB C libra r y (located on t he HP-IB

Command Library disk that came with the HP-IB Interface Card).
Use the following libraries :

– Microsoft

®

C and QuickC©: clhpib.lib

25 Gettin g Started with the HP E1340A Chapter 1

– Turbo C

©

and C++©: tchhpib.lib

• If NOT compiling i n the Large/Huge memory mode l, inc lu d e the

“cfunc.h” header file in the program (located on the HP-IB
Command Library disk that came with the HP-IB Interface Card).

• Be sure the necessary paths have been added to the

AUTOEXEC.BAT file for the co mpilers to find the library and
header files (s ee the app ropr ia t e C Language manual to set the
proper pat hs).

To compile t he progra ms fr om the DOS command line using the Large
memory model, execute the following:

• Microsoft

cl /AL <path \pro gram na m e> path \clhpib.lib

• Microsoft

qcl /AL <pat h \pro gram na m e> path \clhpib.lib

• Turbo C

tcc -ml <path \program name> path \tchhpib.lib

Change the “

®

C:

®

QuickC©:

©

and Turbo C++©:

/AL” and “-ml” parameters to t he appropriate types when

compiling in the smal ler mem or y models (see t he appropriate C Lang u age
manual for the parameter type).

C Program Example Following is an example program written in C using the HP 82335 HP- IB

Interface Card. The program:

• sends commands to the AFG to generate an arb itrary wa veform

• receives data from t he AFG

• shows how to send coupled commands

• performs error checking of the AFG

Chapter 1 Getting Started with the HP E1340A 26

/* ARB_GEN.C - This program generates a 4096 points ramp. The data to */
/* generate the ramp is transferred to the AFG as voltages */

/* Include the following header files */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <malloc.h> /* Use “alloc.h” for Turbo C(c) or C++(c) */
#include <cfunc.h> /* This file is f r om the HP-IB Command Library Disk */

#define ISC 7L /* Assigns the HP-IB select code */
#define ADDR 70910L /*

Assign an I/O path between the computer and the AFG */

/* Functions */
void gen_seg(void);
void cmd_exe(char *commands[], int length);
void run_query(void);
void rst_clr(void);
void send_data(char *commands, float *Wave_seg, int num_size);
void check_error(char *func_tion);

/*********************************************************************************/
void main(void) /* Run the program */
{
rst_clr( ); /* Reset the AFG */
gen_seg(); /* Generate segment list and output sequence */
run_query(); /* Query wav eform segment memory */
}
/*********************************************************************************/
void gen_seg(void)
{
char static *set_com m ands[] =/* Use “set_commands” to setup the AFG */
{
“SOUR:ROSC:SOUR INT; ” /* Select the Ref. Oscillator */
“:SOUR:FREQ:FIX 1e3;” /* Set waveform frequency */
“:SOUR:FUNC:SHAP USER;” /*

Command to select the user function */

“:SOUR:VOLT:LEV: IMM: AMP L 5.1V”, /* Set the amplit ude */

“SOUR:LIST:SEGM :SE L a” /* Select the segm ent nam e */
},

27 Gettin g Started with the HP E1340A Chapter 1

Contin ued on next page

*seg_commands = /* Use “seg_commands” to store segm ents */

“SOUR:LIST:SEGM:VOLT ”, /* Command to send volts data */

*out_commands[] = / *

Use th e “out_com mands” array to generate outpu t */

{
“SOUR:FUNC:USER a”, /* Select the user name */
“INIT:IMM” /* Start waveform generation */
};

float *Wave_seg;
int loop,

seg_size = 4096; /* Set the segment size to 4096 point s */

/*

Allocate sufficient memory for storing the segments into computer memory */

Wave_seg = (float*) malloc (seg_size * sizeof (float));

/* Setup the AFG */

cmd_exe (set_commands, sizeof(set_commands) / sizeof(char*));

/* Call routine to check for AFG errors */

check_error(“gen_seg (set_com mands)”);

/* Calculate the segments */

for (loop = 0; loop < seg_size; loop ++)

Wave_seg[loop] = (loop * .00122);

/* Call function to execut e the fi nal comm and with segment data */

send_data(seg_commands, Wav e_ seg, seg_size);

/* Call routine to check for AFG errors */

check_error(“gen_seg (seg_commands)”);

/* Setup the AFG for output */

cmd_exe(out _comm ands, sizeof(out_commands) / sizeof( char*));

/* Call routine to check for AFG errors */

check_error(“gen_seg (out_commands)”);

Contin ued on next page

Chapter 1 Getting Started with the HP E1340A 28

/* Free the allocated memory */
free (Wave_seg);
}
/*********************************************************************************/
void cmd_exe(char *commands[] , int length)
{
int loop;

/* Execute each command group using a loop */
for (loop = 0; loop < length; loop++)

IOOUTPUTS(ADDR, commands[loop], strlen(commands[loop]));
}

/*********************************************************************************/
void send_data(char *commands, float *Wave _ seg, int num_ size)
{
char static state[2] = {13, 10};

/*

First disable EOI and EOL to send continuous data to the AFG; send last

command

*/
IOEOI (ISC, 0);IOEOL (ISC, “ ”, 0);
IOOUTPUTS (ADDR, commands, strlen(commands));

/*

Re-enable EOL and EO I for normal HP-IB operat i on; th en send the data */

IOEOI (ISC, 1);IOEOL (ISC, state, 2);
IOOUTPUTA (ADDR, Wave_seg, num_size);
}
/*********************************************************************************/
void run_query(void)
{
char name[6];
int length = 5;

/* Query segment memory */
IOOUTPUTS(ADDR, “SOUR:LIST:SEGM:SEL?”, 19);
IOENTERS(ADDR, name, &length);

29 Gettin g Started with the HP E1340A Chapter 1

printf(“\nWavef orm Segm ent curr entl y sel ect ed: % s”, name);
}

Contin ued on next page

/*********************************************************************************/
void rst_clr(void)
{
flo at in to ;

/*

Executes the commands that resets th e AFG and clears its error register */

IOOUTPUTS(ADDR, “*RST;*OPC?”, 10);
IOENTER(ADDR, &int o);
IOOUTPUTS(ADDR, “*CLS;*OPC?”, 10);
IOENTER(ADDR, &int o);
}
/*********************************************************************************/
void check_error(char *func_tion)
{
char into[161];
int length = 160;

IOOUTPUT S(ADDR, “SYST:ERR?”, 9); /* Query error register */
IOENTERS(ADDR, into, &length) ; /* Enter error message */

if (atoi(into) != 0) /* Determine if error is present */

/* If errors present, print and exit */

{

while (atoi(into) != 0)

{

printf(“Error %s in function %s\n\n”, into, func_ti on);
IOOUTPUTS(ADDR, “SYST:ERR?”, 9);
IOENTERS(ADDR, into, &length);

}

exit(1);
}
}

Chapter 1 Getting Started with the HP E1340A 30