This white paper summarizes Compaq PCI Hot Plug technology
strategy, discusses Compaq’s leadership role in the development of
the industry standard, and explains the benefits of Compaq’s
implementation of the PCI Hot Plug standard to help organizations
maximize productivity by decreasing server downtime.
Abstract: As an increasing number of companies migrate their
business-critical applications to industry-standard servers, the need
for redundant features and hot-pluggable components to minimize
system downtime is increasing. Each downtime event affects more
people at ever-increasing costs. The need has grown beyond “high
availability” toward “approaching continuous availability”.
Continuous availability requires the
elimination not only of unplanned
downtime but a reduction of
planned downtime as well.
Compaq Computer Corporation, the
world’s leading server provider, has
historically taken a leadership role
in the development of such
industry-standard technologies that are approaching continuous
system availability. With the development of PCI Hot Plug
technology, an industry standard, Compaq strengthens its role in
providing the highest levels of I/O availability solutions for the
distributed enterprise.
PCI Hot Plug offers unprecedented server availability by allowing
users to replace, upgrade, and add PCI adapters to the PCI local bus
without powering down the server. PCI Hot Plug technology
benefits also include customer investment protection and efficient
manageability and serviceability.
In addition, with the release of the ProLiant 6500 and ProLiant 7000,
Compaq made the chassis and electronics design changes required
for safe and efficient removal and insertion of PCI adapters without
powering down the server. Next-generation PCI Hot Plug solutions
are included in Compaq’s newest enterprise server, the Pentium II
Xeon Model of the ProLiant 7000, released in June 1998.
The Benefits of PCI Hot Plug Technology2
Notice
The information in this publication is subject to change without notice and is provided “AS IS” WITHOUT
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. THE ENTIRE RISK ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
INFORMATION REMAINS WITH RECIPIENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL COMPAQ BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE OR OTHER DAMAGES
WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS
PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION OR LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION), EVEN IF
COMPAQ HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
The limited warranties for Compaq products are exclusively set forth in the documentation accompanying
such products. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting a further or additional warranty.
This publication does not constitute an endorsement of the product or products that were tested. The
configuration or configurations tested or described may or may not be the only available solution. This test
is not a determination or product quality or correctness, nor does it ensure compliance with any federal
state or local requirements.
Product names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective
companies.
Netelligent, Armada, Cruiser, Concerto, QuickChoice, ProSignia, Systempro/XL, Net1, LTE Elite,
Vocalyst, PageMate, SoftPaq, FirstPaq, SolutionPaq, EasyPoint, EZ Help, MaxLight, MultiLock,
QuickBlank, QuickLock, UltraView, Innovate logo, Wonder Tools logo in black/white and color, and
Compaq PC Card Solution logo are trademarks and/or service marks of Compaq Computer Corporation.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, Windows NT Server and Workstation, Microsoft SQL Server for
Windows NT are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
NetWare and Novell are registered trademarks and intraNetWare, NDS, and Novell Directory Services are
trademarks of Novell, Inc.
White Paper prepared by ECG Product Marketing Group
Second Edition (July 1998)
Document Number ECG093/0798
ECG093/0798
The Benefits of PCI Hot Plug Technology3
Overview
Customers today need improved availability solutions that minimize or eliminate downtime.
Compaq addresses this need by providing PCI Hot Plug technology that allows a PCI adapter to
be added, upgraded, or replaced while the host system is running and while other adapters in the
system provide uninterrupted service. PCI Hot Plug technology adds to other high-availability
solutions presently available from Compaq such as Recovery Server Options, Redundant
Netelligent Network Interface Controllers (NICs), hot-pluggable power supplies, hot-pluggable
fans, and hot-pluggable SCSI drives.
Cost of Downtime
Compaq’s decision to develop PCI Hot Plug technology is focused on addressing a key customer
issue: as computing environments grow more complex, the business costs of unplanned downtime
are soaring. The increasing cost of unplanned downtime in business-critical environments,
compounded by the time spent tracking the source of network or component failures, is creating a
greater need for improved higher availability solutions like PCI Hot Plug. Due to the growing
reliance upon computer networks, events resulting in system downtime, whether planned or not,
can cripple an organization. Regardless of the cause, the common denominator to all system
downtime is a high cost to a customer’s business.
A survey of 450 Fortune 1000 companies by Find/SVP1 found that the average outage across
industries lasts four hours and costs $330,000. A typical company experiences nine outages per
year, resulting in annual losses of almost $3 million (excluding the cost of lost employee
productivity). Actual costs of downtime, however, can vary widely based on individual company
size, business type, industry application environment, and type of outage.
Table 1 illustrates the financial impact of system downtime on various industries.
Table 1. Financial Impact of System Downtime
IndustryBusiness Operation
FinancialBrokerage Operations$5.6M to $7.3M$6.45M
Financial
MediaPay-per-view$67K to $233K$150K
RetailHome Shopping (TV)$87K to $140K$113K
RetailHome Catalog Sales$60K to $120K$90K
TransportationAirline Reservations$67K to $112K$89.5K
MediaTeleticket Sales$56K to $82K$69K
TransportationPackage Shipping$24K to $32K$28K
FinanceATM Fees$12K to $17K$14.5K
Credit Cards/Sales
Authorization
Industry Cost Range (per
hour)
$2.2M to $3.1M$2.6M
Avg. Cost per Hour of
Downtime
2
ECG093/0798
1
Source: Dataquest, Perspective, Sept, 30, 1996
2
This table represents only examples of downtime costs. Actual costs may vary. Source: Dataquest, Perspective, Sept. 30, 1996
The Benefits of PCI Hot Plug Technology4
5 days/week
As a result of the astronomical costs associated with downtime, the vast majority of companies
today require nonstop access to their critical systems. This trend was recently highlighted in a
study conducted by the Standish Group International.3 According to the study, 46 percent of the
Fortune 1000 companies require systems availability seven days a week, 24 hours a day (7x24).
An additional 39 percent stated that systems were required to be accessible five days a week,
eight hours a day. The study also showed that the vast majority of businesses today measure
tolerable downtime in mere seconds or minutes. As illustrated in Figure 2, 34 percent of the
Fortune 1000 companies can tolerate no more than three seconds of downtime on their businesscritical applications. Another 37 percent of these customers require recovery from a failure in
less than 3 minutes.
Because the need for improved higher availability solutions that reduce costly downtime is
paramount, Compaq’s industry-standard PCI Hot Plug technology is specifically designed to
minimize the cost of system downtime by increasing server uptime.
ECG093/0798
3
Source: The Standish Group International, Inc. Demand Assessment Requirements Tracking Study, 1996
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