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Page 2
OPERATING·AND
SERVICE
MANUAL
S-PARAMETER
TEST
.5-12.4
SET
GHz
87468
rh~
a:~
HEWLETT
PACKARD
Page 3
"
CERTIFICATION
of
time
the
its published specifications
Hewlett-Packard, Company certifies that this product
shipment from the factory. Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements are
traceable to the .United States National Bureau
calibration facility,
members.
This Hewlett-Packard instrument product
for a period
pany will,
warranty service
For
Buyer shall prepay shipping charges
Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned
from another country.
warrants
HP
its programming instructions when properly installed
operation
one year from date
of
its option, either repair
at
that
the instrument,
of
to the calibration facilities
and
WARRANTY
warranted against defects in material and workmanship
is
shipment. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Com-
of
replace products which prove
or
repair, this product must be returned
or
its software and firmware designated by
software,
or
to
and
HP
firmware will be uninterrupted.or error free.
or
met
Standards, to the
of
of
shall pay shipping charges
HP
on
International Standards Organization
other
a service facility designated by
to
for use with an instrument will execute
HP
instrument.
that
extent
be defective.
to
HP
allowed
to
does
at
the Bure'au's
by
return the product
warrant
not
to
that
HP.
HP
the
to
WARRANTY
LIMITATION
The foregoing warranty shall
by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software
outside
tenance.
OTHER
NO
PLIED WARRANTIES
.EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES
REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HP
THE
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE
QUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT,
THEORY..
Product maintenance agreements and
Packard products.
For any assistance, contact
provided
OF
defects resulting from improper
to
apply
not
the environmental specifications for the product,
of
WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED
the back
at
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR. A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
OF
FOR
your
this manual.
of
interfacing, unauthorized modification
or
IMPLIED. HP SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS
OR
ANY DIRECT, IN'DIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
ASSISTANCE
customer assistance agreements
other
nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Office. Addresses are
Remote Requirements: Switch closure
or use a transistor switch. Contactisat
shorttocommon will draw 12 rnA. Noise immunity
common,
12 volts and
>2 V peak.
Biasing:
Bias and bias sensing connections are madetothe
biasing networks built into the 8746B via the 36-pin
rear-panel connector.
Bias:
±100 Vdc, 500 rnA. Maximum currentof1 amp
when bias and bias sense circuits are operated in
parallel.
Standard: Recommended for small-signal measurements; has the optimum signal-to-noise ratio.
Option 001: Provides
test port. Enables large-signal parameter measurements.
Option 002: Provides 30dBhigher power at the test
port and 10
Return Match specifications are degraded. Recommended for Automatic Network Analyzer Systems
only.
2-15.
Electrical
ommends
grounded.
equipped
when
grounds
3-prong
wire.
2-16.
operating
put,
the
pigtailonthe
2-17. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT
2-18.
Model
but
from0to
humidity
Remove
With
a~f.screwdriver
arm
with
The
right-hand
left-hand
Replace
clear
Replace
To
protect
Manufacturers
that
the
All
Hewlett-Packard
witha3-conductor
plugged
the
connectorofthe
To
use a
The
8746Bisroom
it
will
up
into
instrument.
preserve
the
instrument
3-prongto2-prong
normal
operate
+55
degreesC.It
to
95%.
fuse.
or
pointed
the
arrowto115or230
positionisfor
positionisfor
fuse
withafuseofcorrect
plastic
power
cable.
230
covertoright.
POWER
operating
instrument
the
adaptertoground.
operating
personnel,
Association
panel
power
an
appropriate
The
offset
power
protection
temperature
to
its
cableisthe
froma2-connector
adapter
environment
specified
will
tool,
115
volt
volt
input~
CABLE
the
National
(NEMA)
and
cabinet
instruments
cable
receptacle,
pin
on
ground
feature
and
connect
for
(25.:elegrees
performance
operate
move
posi-
input
value.
rec-
be
are
which,
the
when
out-
the
C),
in
any
2-11.
The
115or230
power.
2-12.
2-13.
combination
holder,
input
Power
115/230
This
and
voltage
a.
Remove
b.
Slide clear plastic
c.Pull
Model
8746B
Vac ±10%,48to
consumption
Volt
Operation
instrument
input-voltage
circuit
outonhandle
has a
of
power-cable
proceed
power
requiresapower
400
Hz,
is less
than
power
switch.
cable.
coverofmoduletoleft.
marked
module
receptacle,
as follows:
source
single-phase
110
To
change
"FUSE
VA.
that
is a
fuse
the
PULL".
of
2-19.
The
bench
make
when
instrument
operation.
full-width
stacked.
cabinet
The
plastic
modular
has
feet
instruments
2-20. STORAGE AND SHIPMENT
2-21. Packaging
2-22. Original-Type Packaging.
packing
factory
Packard
line,
ping
servicing
materials
are
available
office.
wrapitseparately,
container.Ifthe
and
Remove
repair,
identical
through
attachatag
to
those
your
the
rear-panel
and
includeitin
8746Bisbeing
indicating
plastic
are
Containers
nearest
feet
shaped
self-aligned
used
Hewlett-
reference
the
returned
by
type
for
to
and
the
ship-
for
of
'2-1
Page 13
Installation
Model
8746B
service
ment
required,
serial
"FRAGILE"
respondence
instrument
the
number.
serial
return
full
number.
assure careful handling.
to
regarding
its full HP
by
address,
A.lso
your
2-23. Other Packing Materials.
instructions
eral
commercially available materials:
with
Remove
a.
separately,
it
wrap
container.
plastic.
office
service
full serial
and
Wrap
(If
center,
or
required,
should
the
the
shipping
attach
return
number.)
be
rear-panel reference line,
include
and
instrument
a Hewlett-Packard service
to
tag
a
address,
and
mark
instrument,
model
following gen-
The
for
used
in
it
heavy
in
indicating
model
full instru-
box
the
cor-
any
In
refer
number
and
repackaging
shipping
the
paper
type
the
number,
to
or
of
b.Use a
carton
wall
adequate.
c.Use
4 inch layer)
to
provide
to
inside
the
cardboard.
d.
e.
assure
to
strong
made
enough
shipping
of
shock-absorbing
around
cushion
firm
container.
Protect
Seal the·shipping
shipping
the
Mark
careful
handling.
container.
lb.
350
all sides
and
the
container
container
test
the
of
prevent
control
securely.
A double-
material
material
instrument
movement
with
panel
"FRAGILE"
is
(3
2-2
Page 14
Model
8746B
Operation
3-1. INTRODUCTION
The
3-2".
S-Parameter Test
and
adapters, a signal source,
phase-amplitude
Model
Vector
tem
for
transistor
performed
.quencies, from
the
HP
ments
less.
The
below
combination
Set
ratio
8410A
Network
Voltmeter· (see Figure 3-1)
measuring s-parameters
or
device. These
at
single frequencies
0.5
to
Model
are
500
8405A
limitedtosingle frequenciesof1 GHz
Model
8746B
MHz; however, coupling
SECTION
OPERATION
of
the
Model 8746B.
with
its accessory fixtures
andacompatible
indicator,
AnalyzerorModel
12.4
Vector
canbeusedatfrequencies
SIGNAL
SOURCE
I
SW.EEP
OUTPUT
:
VOLTAGE
I
~--------
I
I
I
:
I
IINPUT:
L - - - - - - - -
such
as
m~ke
of
almost
measurements
or
at
swept
GHz.
When used
Voltmeter,
attenuation
INPUT
FOR
8412A
HORIZ
the
8405A
up
a sys-
can
with
measure-
r----------~
II
I
II
:
I
II
II
L----r----J
RF
...
REFERENCE
PHASE-AMPLI
RATIO
..
PrH~~~
EXT
II
~
II
II
II
LJ
the
6
graded
001
creases 6
HP
sign3J.
stant.
below
any
be
fre-
tored
ceeded
the
pad
impedance
or
uring active devices. This
possibilityoflow
DC
BIAS
SOURCE
8111A
.BIAS
8146B
TEST
SET
devices
of
S-PARAMffiR
11
TUDE
INDICATOR
HP
8405A
HP
8410A/8412AI
8413A/8414A
~~M!l·11TUDE
VERT
OSCILLOSCOPE
01
SPLAY
VERT
** :
III
internal
dB/octave
&
display
at
I
f
I
INPUT
~
------i
TEST
I
I
directional
and
below
002,
at>6ut
the
dB/octave
level
at
Consequently,
500
MHz
closely. Make sure
when
increasing
indicator.
the
RF
matchatlow
under
test.
r-----
II
I* I
I
ADAPTER
II
II
LJ
source
RF
the
reference
the
INPUT
frequency
-,
L-
I
r--
couplers
and
150
MHz.
signalatthe
below
when
input
making
level
power
powertoget
For
Option
connector
frequencies
pad
oscillation
DEVICE
UNDER
TEST
increasesbyabout
return
500
For
match
8746B
TEST
MHz
Options
port
when
channeliskept
measurements
should
limits are
be
not
a reading
002,
place a 3-dB
forabetter
when
will
reduce
with
are de-
in-
the
con-
moni-
ex-
on
meas-
the
active
*
Adapter,
**For
suchasHP
swept-frequency
Figure 3-1.
11608A
Transistor
measurements
with
Block
Fixture
for
testing
transistorsorHP
8410Aj8413A.
DiagramofEquipment
Setup
11605A
Flexible
Ann
when
testing
for S-Parameter Measurement
microwave
hardware.
3-1
Page 15
Operation.
Model 8746B
3-3. PANEL FEATURES
3-4.
Front
and
indicators are described in Figures 3-2
In
these figures
keyed
to
and
rear
panel controls, connectors,
the
numbersonthe
the
description numbers.
3-5. OPERATING PRECAUTIONS
3-6.
Maximum
3-7. Powerinexcessof2
INPUT
under
the
power
3-8.
jack
test
instrument.
limitofthe
RF
PowertoTest Device
or
into
RF Power
returned
PORT'l
Also,
associated
watts,
from
or
PORT2may
do
not
network
CAUTION
Do
NOT use excessive
the
device
cause
collector
power,
under
the
transistor
current
investigate
RF
test.
Too
to
oscillate.
varies
the
possibilityofoscil-
lation.
On
3-9.
device
internal
channel
all models
under
step-attenuator
output.
test
When
of
may
the
the
8746B,
be
decreased using
without
standard
step-attenuatorissettozero,
under
level and
mately
attenuatorissettozero,
te~t
, level.
to
same levelasthe
and
,
at
s-parameter configurations are
The
test
is approximately 21
poweratthe
31
is approximately
For
zero,
powertothe
002,
with
constant,
powertothe
dB
down.
Option
the
reference channel is approxi-
For
11
002,
RF
input.
poweratthe
approximately 6 dB/octave
circuits
for
the
same circuits
standard
for
Option
powertothe
dB below
when
device
For
device
model
showninFigure 3-4.
Options
shown in Figure 3-5.
3-10. MaximUITI DConRF Lines
3-11. DC voltages
transmission lines in
exceed ±
100
volts as
on
the
inner
the
Model
the
insulationofthe
capacitors may break down. Do
than
0.5
amponeither BiasorBias Sense leads.
and
illustration are
either
into
the
an active device
damage
exceed
the
analyzer.
input
much
with
power
RF
RF
may
If
input
to
the
powertothe
reducing reference
8746B
powertothe
dB
below
001,
internal
device
RF
when
device
the
RF
the
attenuatorisset
under
under
below
testisat
both
Options 001
reference
test
500
8746B
001
and
port
increases
MHz.
in all
002
conductorofthe
8746B
must
internal
not
draw
3-3.
RF
input
the
input
the
under
input
the
held
RF
are
not
more
if
the
properly
tion
trace are less
pushbuttons
not
calibrate properly, refer
amplitude variations in
function normally.Ifthe8746B will
than
2.5dBl
to
the
calibra-
and
the
8746B
Section VIII, Ser-
vice.
3-14. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
General Measurement Description
3-15.
3-16. The Model
be
.usedtomake
binations
of
fied block diagram
Figure 3-1.
tude
ratio indicator, suchasthe
HP
8410A/8411A
external oscilloscope,
tions
for
using
Figures 3-9
modified for use
the
Operating
and adapting
operation
tested
sistor
transistor
nents also
the
at
by
connecting
Fixture
under
maybetestedinthe
physical limits
exceeded. Consult
office. Microwave hardware
the
S-Parameter Test
Model
3-17.
11605A
The
following general
steps necessary when making measurements
8746B
measurements
S-Parameter
with
Test
Set
several com-
complementary equipment. A simpli-
ofatest
The'
display indicator is a .phase-magni-
with
or
the
8410A
and
3-10. These instructions
with
the
and
Service Manual
the
instructions for single-frequency
setupisshown
HP
8405Aorthe
8412A,
8414A
8413A
plug-in. Instruc-
system are given
8405A
by
for
with
can
referring
the
8405A
lower frequencies. Transistors are
the
HP Model
to
the
8746B
testinthe
of
the
nearest Hewlett-Packard
Setbyaccessories,
11608A.
the
may
~1608A
and.
inserting
Other
11608A,
11608A
be
connected
Tran-
compo-
providing
are
suchasthe
Flexible Arm..
outline
explains
may
in
an
in
be
to
the
not
to
the
with
any combinationofequipment. These instructions
the
same
for
both
the
are
and 002 models
a.
If
swept-frequency phase measurements
are
to
be made,
line-lengths
must
of
the
the
be
standard and
8746B.
reference and
equaL
The
reference channel is adjusted
REFERENCEPLANEEXTENSION
length
cable
can
of
the
on
the
be
removed and
REFERENCE LINE coaxial
rear paneL The REFERENCE LINE
other
length reference lines
(see Figure 3-6) can be installed
equalize
To best utilize
SION range, install
ENCE LINE coaxial
the
test
and reference channel line lengths.
the
REFERENCE PLANE EXTEN-
oneofthe
patch
following
cables:
Option
I
test
channel
length
by
varying
and
to
approximately
REFER-
of
patch
001
the
the
the
TRANSISTOR FIXTURE (11608A): Use HP Part
No. 11604-20021 included with 8746B.
3-12. OPERATOR'S CHECK
3-13.
To
check
calibrate
the
the
calibration trace. The
the
system
8746B
for
a measurement. Observe
3-2
operation,
8746B
set
is
operating
up
to
INotchesof1dBat
causedbyresonancesofRF
approximately
700
chokesinthe
MHz
bias
are
input
normal.
leads.
They
are
Page 16
Model
8746B
Operation
MICROWAVE HARDWARE:
Reflection:
Transmission
nated
in
Use HP
with
an
HP
Part
No.
Device
11605A:
08745-20064.
Under
Test
Use HP
08746-20031.
Note
When using
the
measurement
mismatch.
tor
(see Figure3-10)toreduce
the
Use a
11605A
the
accuracy
maybedegraded
10
dB isolating
mismatch.
CALIBRATION
b.
Calibrate
.
urement
or
wave
short
by
through-line calibrator. When measuring micro-
hardware,
connected
measurements
ofa11605A
ing
for
transmission measurements.
1..
Balance
ence
REFERENCE
obtain
quency
.
the
system
terminat~ng
calibrate
to
the
or
a through-line
connected
the
electrical
and
test
for
the
11608A
the
8746B
test
between
channels
PLANE
the
least phase change
indication
on
s-parameter
with
port
for
calibrator
the
lengthofthe
by
adjusting
EXTENSION
the
display indica-
tor.!
2.
Adjust
tor
to
Table
for
the
3-1.
the
controls
a display
calibrator
on
the
display indica-
indication
corresponding
being used as shown
Table 3-1. Calibrator Display Indications
S-Para
meter
S11,S22
S21,S12
Calibrator
Short
Thru-line
Magnitude
.
1.0
1.0
MEASUREMENT
c.
Remove
under
biased
for
under
by
scribed
1RefertoHP
test.Ifa
properly.
transistor-biasing instructions.
d.
Measure
test.
compensating
in
from
Application
with
any
other
urements
free
concerning
calibrator
and
connect
transistoristobetested,itmust
Refer
the
Additional
for
Application
the
Hewlett-Packard
Note
Model
8410A
instrumentsinthe
to
parameter
accuracy
the
directivity
Note
117-2
"Stri.pline
Network
office,
measurement
paragraph3-18
of
may
117-1,
Component
Analyzer",
for
operating
Termi-
Part
No.
of
due
to
attenua-
meas-
withashort
a coaxial
reflection
consist-
test
ports
refer-
the
with
fre-
Phase
0
180
0
0
the
device
the
device
be
obtained
error
as de-
"Microwave
Meas-
obtainable
instructions
system.
to
in
be
Network
general
cation
8746B
Detailed
urement
wareare
3-18. Transistor
3-19. A
either
byadual
necting
given
simplified internal-bias
3-8. Before
should
and
of
the
test
and
point
output
the
is
used
Analyzer
Network
Note
117-2,
Applications."
Analyzer
mentioned
applications.
procedures
with
and
Adjustments
.
transistor
a HP
and
in
the
shown
Model
dc-power
adjusting
for
both
either
transistorsormicrowave
in
Figures3-9
Bias
Supply
under
871
test
7A Transistor Bias
supply.
these
following paragraphs.
circuitisshowninFigure
be
performed:
a.
Determine
currents
transistor
b.
Draw
fixture.
output
between
c.
Determine
circuit
d.
If
connecting
for
both
under
simplified
Label
circuit
the
(bias) voltages.
a Model
any
maximum
the
input
test.
circuit
input
circuit
"port2circuit".
two
circuits is chassis
the
polaritiesofthe
8717
A is used
following paragraph.Ifa
for
bias,
refertoparagraph
This
techniques
earlier, gives specific
calibration
Connection
may
Instructions
power
bias
the
following steps
allowable voltages
and
of
"port1circuit"
for
dual
dc-power
3-21.
CAUTION
AVOIDBIASSUPPLYSWITCHING
TRANSIENTS
down
fore
tions.
control
bias-supply voltagesorcurrents
switching bias-supply
Also,
and
conditions
the
bias
supplies are merely
transients
tors.
If
grammed,
current
age
3-20.
Model
program
or
current
Bias
Using theHPModel 8717
871
7A, bias
are selected
switches. A cable, furnished
connects
the
REMOTE INPUT
available
the
DURING
TESTING!
meter
turn
then
rather
supply
may
the
down
bringituptooperating
output
damage sensitive transis-
power
the
than
merely
switched
supplies
off
input
and
on,
include a zero-voltageorzero-
step
between
setting.
and
bias-sensing
by
means
of
8717Afront-panel
with
8717Ato
connector.
necessary
the
8736B
If
connections
note
while Appli-
and
and
be
biased
Supply
for
supplies are
An
8746B
output
circuits
transistor
The
common
ground
input
bias,
refer
supply
Turn
be-
func-
circuit
switching-
on.
switching
are
pro-
each volt-
A.
On
the
connections
the
871
rear-panel
no
cable is
are given
gives
meas-
hard-
3-10.
by
or
con-
in
.
and
to
If
HP
7A,
in
3~3
Page 17
Operation
FRONT PANEL
Model
8746B
o
REFERENCE
controls internal line-stretcher
distance from
output. Used to equalize test and reference channel
signal path lengths for phase calibration. Permits
moving reference plane
ZERO thumbwheel
on
cation
serted line length
Counter indicates up
moves 30 cm. Counter
reference plane directlyincentimeters for reflection
measurement.
•
S-PARAMETER
be
measured. Pushbutton glows, indicating s-parameter being measured. To protect device under test,
S-PARAMETER resets to 822 when first turned on
manual operation. This occurs whenever instrument
turned on, either manually or by a power resumption.
PLANE
RF
counter without changing line length. In-
pushbuttons.
EXTENSION
INPUTtoREFERENCE channel
by
15 cm.
is
used for setting reference indi-
is
twice
~he
reading in centimeters.
to
15 cm while the line stretcher
i~dicates
Select s-parameter to
(CM).
to
vary electrical
relative position
Crank
of
•
INCIDENT
test channel power level
steps. Power in reference channel
protect device under test INCIDENT ATTENUATION resets
operation. This occurs whenever instrument
on, either manually
e
LINE.
indicator.
o
PORT1and
tions to· device under testorto a test fixture.
typel50-ohm precision 7 mm sexless connector.
ATTENUATION
to
to
70 dB when first turnedonin manual
orbya power resumption.
Combination line power switch and power on
PORT2test
pushbuttons.
device under test in10dB
is
not
ports.
MakesRFcQI)nec-
Selects
affected. To
is
turned
APC-7
CAUTION
Support weightofdevice under test. Do
apply extra weighttotest .fixture.
1
in
is
AmphenolRFDivision,.
for
important
nectors.
information
Danbury,.Conn.
about
use
and
See
careofAPC-7
not
paragraph
3-31
con-
3-4
Figure 3-2.
Front
Panel Features
Page 18
Model
8746B
Operation
'.
•
REFERENCE
o
outputs
APC-7
The REFERENCE channel connector
floating
Frequency Converter
REFERENCE
•
section
the REFERENCE PLANE EXTENSION to any
sired length.
Power
•
connected to 8746B cabinet. Power requirements:
or
115
maximum.
Power
e
connector, fuseholder, a fuse-removal handle, and a
115-230 volt input-voltage switch. Number opposite
ac input-voltage slider
and
phase-amplitude ratio in<llcator. These are
to
50-ohm·precision 7-mm hybrid connectors.
assure alignment with 8411A Harmonic
to
LINE.
rigid coaxial cable to extend the range of
of
Conne~tor.
Cable
Vac
230
Module
8410A Network Analyzer.
of
be replaced with a longer
May
NEMA
±10%, 48 to 440 Hz, 110
Assembly.
Contains
correct line· fuse rating.
gives
type
ac
mechanically
is
with
Reference and Test channel
TEST.
REAR
de-
pin
offset
VA
power cable
PANEL
Accepts contact-closure type
select s-parameter
open
the
to
12 Vde. Maximum current from
is
is
Maximum bias current 500
Complete serial number in-
Plate.
8746B.
RF
for
MIN.
0.316
MAX.
0.320
of
short-circuited
that
signal
2 watts. Connector
is
signal
applied
is
is
Number
INPUT.
,------
INPUT.
is
100Vdc.
Input
REMOTE
.0
mote programming
ured and incident attenuation
under test. Nominal voltage from the 8746B when
the contact
the 8746B when contact
Also accepts dc bias for device under test. Maximum
bias voltage
Serial
cluding prefix should be included in any correspond-
•
ence concerning
RF
•
device under test. Frequency range
GHz. Maximum power level
50-ohm type N and mates compatibly with type
connectors whose dimensions conform
C-39012 and MIL-C-71. (See dimension drawing below.)
to
to
is
0.5
re-
be meas-
device
rnA.
12
rnA.
the
to
12.4
to
MIL-
to
is
N
IVIANUAL-REMOTE
o
INCIDENTATTENUATIONpushbuttons only.
MANUAL
in
When
only by front-panel pushbuttons.
position, attenuation selection
only if remote operation
tact closure.
NPN). Some
transistors may be damaged
bias in this order, while this is
order
for
other
FET's.
applying bias depends
upon
for
The
by
the
the
bipolar
applying
order
type
FET.Therefore,always.read
manufacturer's biasing instructions before
testing transistors.
your
procedure
Good
on
practice istotry
asimilar,
inexpensive transistor, first.
a.Make Bias and Bias Sense connections
from
interconnect
8746B
to
8717A
cableisnot
output.
availabl~,
If
the
makeupa cable
to
the
to
FET
proper
of
of
the
but
8717A
its
front
the
using
Normally
circuit
Direction
the
and
connector
port
1 circuit is used
port
2
of
RF
signal flow depends
furnished
for
the
with
for
output-bias circuit.
parameter measured.
b.
Set
8717
A voltage METER FUNCTION
switch
AMPL
turn
0.1to0.3 volts
to
VcE
control
c.With
8717
Aon.
d.
Adjust
-D
s position and adjust VeE
full·y counterclockwise.
no
transistororcalibrator installed,
8717
AVe
E
-0
l
.
S AMPL
CAUTION
If
CCE
-0
Sissetbelow0.1 V,
base-collector
junction
may
forward-biased and draw excessive reverse
current. This
under
IIf
difficultyisfound
nearest
Hewlett-Packard
test.
may
when
office
damage
. .
setting
for
0.1to0.3
further
the
information.
Model
the
the
input-bias
upon
control
become
transistor
volts,
contact
8746B
8746B.
the
-0
to
your
S
Used
for
mission
Flexible
HP
Part
Used
HP
Part
microwave
measurements
Arm.
No.
08746-20031
with
11608A
No.
11604·20021
hardware
with
Transistor
trans-
11605A
Fixture.
Used
for
tion
measurements
front
panel.
HP
Part
microwave
No.
08745-20064
hardware
referencedtothe
reflec-
3-8
Figure 3-6.
Reference
Line Coaxial Patch Cables
Page 22
Model 8746B
e.
Turn
the
8717A
f.
Set
8717AIE-8AMPL/RANGE
fully counterclockwise.
Set
IE
-8
g.
to
5,
50,
transistor
or
under
LIMIT(MA) current-limit switch
500
test.
bias. off.
rnA position
to
control
protect
the
m. Turn
terclockwise.
n.
Turn
0.3 volts.
o.
Turn BIAS off.
the
IE-8AMPL
VeE
AMPL
control
control
Operation
fully coun-
downto0.1
to
h.
Place
11608A
output
leadtothe
i.
Hold
striplinebyclosing
j.
Turn
to
desired
Set
k.
to
monitor
the
with
the
right.
the
BIAS on. Adjust
output
voltage.
current
-
I
and
E
8
transistor
input
transistor in
the
11608A
under
leadtothe
contact
lid.
VeE
'METER FUNCTION switch
adjust I
-
E
8
controltodesired collector current.
1.
instructed
If
biasisnot
BIAS switch
Make
in Figure 3-9.
transistor
CAUTION
turned
to
off, transients may
measurementsas
down
befor~
damage sensitive transistors.
test
in
the
left
and
the
with
the
AMPL control
AMPL/RANGE
pushing
3-21. Bias Using a Dual
sistors may also
be
supply. Additional circuitry
sistor
under
test
maybeneeded.
may
take
the
formofdiodes
emitter
the
will vary with
3-22.
with
connected
voltage
and
and/or
a series current-limiting resistor
emitterorbase lead.
the
transistor used.
Note
that
the
either
to
is
normally
the
either
input
Bias Sense terminals
voltage connected
DC
Power Supply. Tran-
biased using a
to
between
The
particular circuit used
bias supplies canbeconnected
or
output
port
terminal.
connected
to
and
to
port
2 Bias
terminals (see Figure 3-8). This
also make
flow
Transistor
or
any
be
shorted readily,
from
other
the
normal
the
Fixture
left
(forward-gain) signal (S21)
to
is used. When using
application where
the
right
bias
when
the
current-limited.
dual
dc-power
protect
Protection
the
the
circuits
base
circuit voltage
The
input
the
port
1 Bias
the
output
and
circuit
Bias Sense
convention
the
11608A
the
11608A,
bias
supply
supply should
tran-
and
in
bias
will
can
be
Table
3-2~
Remote
Input
Connector Pin Functions
Pin Number
1
2
3
6
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Chassis Ground
Port
2 Bias (connecttooutput
Port
1 Bias (connecttoinput
Remote
Remote
Remote
S-
Parameter Select("1"
Attenuation
Attenuation
Remote Operation Enabling (short
Common Logic
Ground
Chassis Ground
Port
2 Bias Sense
Port
1 Bias Sense
24Re,mote S-Parameter Select
33Remote
Attenuation
36Common Logic Ground
All OthersNo connection
Function
Select
Select (40 dB
(output
(input
circuit bias sensing)
Select
circuit bias)
circuit bias)
bit)
(10
dB bit)
bit)
to
pin18or
circuit bias sensing)
("2"
bit)
(20dBbit)
·:v
36)
3-9
Page 23
Operation
If
a greater current-carrying
leadisneeded,
leads. However,
graded. See
the
parallel
remote
following
CAUTION
If
the
Bias Sense leadisusedtocarry
rent,
-
its bias-sensing
graded
rent
flow.
by
the
voltage
capacity
the
Bias
bias-sensing
caution.
function
drop
duetothe
on
and
may
will
the
Bias
Bias Sense
be
de-
cur-
be
de-
cur-
3-26. Remote S-Parameter Selection.
mote
mode
means
s-parameter as
Table 3-3.
of
the
pins 6
shown
s-parameter selection is
and
24.
Connect
for
in Table 3-3.
Remote
S-Parameter Selection
Truth Table
Model
In
made
the
8746B
the
re-
by
desired
3-23.
Adjust
a.
put
and
Connect
the
Set
turn
power
both
both
the
power
supply
supply as follows:
power
suppliestozero volts
on.
to
the
CAUTION
Limit
Sense lead
out
b.
11608A
output
c.Hold
striplinebyclosing
d.
circuit
(drain-source) voltage.
used,
drop
remote
e.Adjust
nectedtothe
tor
(drain)
in
stepd.When operating
the
transistor
supply
tain
the
the
current
the
1/2
Place
with
the
the
leadtothe
the
Set
the
to
obtain
to
amp
on
0.5 amp:
fuse in
transistor
input
right.
transistor in
the
11608A
supply
the
If
set
supplytodesired voltage
across
the
sensing
stabilizing resistor.
with
a stabilizing resistor.)
the
voltage
input
circuit
currentisobtained.
overanextended
may
havetobe readjusted slightlytomain-
desired collector (drain)
each
Bias
and
to
avoid
burning
the
leads.
to
be
tested
leadtothe
left
contact
lid.
connected
to
desired collector-emitter
a stabilizing resistor
plus
(Do
from
the
supply con-
until
the
desired collec-
Recheck
with
power
periodoftime,
cu~rent.
f.Make Transistor Measurements as in-
structed
in Figure 3-9.
3-24. REMOTE OPERATION
8746B.
Bias
in
and
with
the
output
the
voltage
NOT use
voltage
-applied
out-
the
the
the
set
to
this
Para
meter
to
be
Measured
8
11
8
12
8
21
8
22
NOTE:
Pin17mustbeshortedtocommon
select
is
Selecting
remote
s-parameter select pins 6
s-parameter
push
3-27. Remote Attenuation Selection.
UAL-REMOTE
INCIDENT ATTENUATION
When in MANUAL position,
isselected
whether
is
position,
panel
common
connector
pin17ofJ6REMOTE INPUT
shorted
to
incident
push
buttons
or
onlyifpin 17 is
Pin18or36to:
PIN
24
PIN
remote
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
operation.
operation
6
Open
Closed
Open
Open
and
24,
Pushbutton
(18or36)
enables
and
disables
buttons.
The
switch
controls
operation
pushbuttons
by
front-panel
common
or
incident
pushbutton
not.
When in REMOTE
attenuation
attenuationisselectedbyfront-
if
pin
17isnot
by
contact
closures
on
shortedtocommon.
Lit
8
11
8
12
8
21
8
22
to
remote
MAN-
only.
only,
connector
shorted
the
36-pin
the
of
to
3-25.
The
36-pin connector, REMOTE INPUT,
used for biasing, also provides
selectionofmanual/remote
selection, and incident
To
use
the
8746B
MOTE INPUT)
mon
(pins18or
remotely, pin
jack
must
36).
operation,
attenuation
be
3-10
contacts
for
s-parameter
(see Table 3-2).
17ofJ6
shortedtothe
remote
(RE-
com-
3-28. Remote Operation Requirements
3-29.
The
when
flows
remote
peak.
8746B
remote
when
control
supplies
circuitisopen
the
contact
lines should
approximately
and12rnAofcurrent
is closed. Noise
not
exceed 2 volts
+12 Vdc
on
the
Page 24
Model
8746B
Operation
Attenuation
o
dB
10
dB
20
dB
30
dB
40
dB
50
dB
60
dB
70
dB
Note:
"10dBbit""20dBbit"
Pin17mustbeshortedtocommon
ATTENUATION
3-30. OPERATOR'S
3-31.
CareofAPC-7 Connectors
3-32.
RF
connections
under
are
nectors. These
test,
made
andtophase-amplitude
with
APC-7
connectors
particular care since
connectorsisobtained
the
inner"
and
outer
conductors.
electrical performance
dependent
upon
the
surfaces.
3-33.
p.andling
~ven
nector
inner
beyond
Important
and
in Figure 3-11.
that.ismost
conductor
the
planeofelectrical
actionofone
the
age
The
by
port
contact
riskofthis kindofdamage
always having
connectors
3-34. Replacement
available
1250-0907),
Danbury,
from
and
Conn. (Part No.
recommendations
care
of
contact.
connector
enoughtocause a
the
fully
extended.
inner-conductor
Hewlett-Packard
from
Table 3-4.
Pin
15
Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open
Closed
remotely.
Remote
(18or36)
MAINTENANCE
to
and
from
type
50-ohm, 7-mm con-
ratio
the
indicator
shouldbehandled
continuity
by
end-to-end
through
contact
Consequently,
of
the
condition
connector
of
is largely
these exposed
about
the
APC-7 connectors are
The
part
of
an
input
likely
to
be
damaged is
Sinceitprotrudes
across
contact,
the
other
any
can dam-
discontinuity.
canbeminimized
coupling sleevesonthe
contacts
(Part No.
Amphenol
RF
Division,
131-129).
Attenuation Selection Truth Table
Pin18or36to:
"40
dB
Pin
and
device
33
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
REMOTE-MANUAL
d.
Do
e.
Do
3-36. Becauseofthe
Pin
16
Open
Open
£Jf..
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
Closed
Closed
switchinREMOTEtoselect
not
attempttorepair
not
re-use contacts.
removal should NOT
hand
tools.
Only
the
with
APC-7
of
the
ing, .hypodermic-action,
(Part
Number
tool
exertsnoappreciable inward pressure
twisting force
for removing
5060-0236)1
on
the
contacts
3-37. No tools are
ment
the
con-
the
slightly
wiping
input
contact.
applying
r
into
place.
inspecting
segments. Also,
applying light inward pressure against
the
contact
released
to
and
3-38.
port
the
move
shouldbereplaced.
The
couplers includes
Insert
only
enough inward pressuretosnap
Then
check
the
contact
test
with a pencil eraser. As
contact's
outward.Ifnot,
coupling mechanismofthe
two-piece coupling sleeve assembly
are
ure 3-11.
the
3-39.
Bothofthese parts canbereplaced using
proceduresinSection VIII, Service.
Fuses
bit"
Pushbutton
o
dB
10
dB
20
dB
30
dB
40
dB
50
dB
60
dB
70
dB
INCIDENT
Lit
contacts.
above considerations,
be
attempted
with
contact
ordinary
Hewlett-Packard self-position-
contact
should
extractor
be
used. This
and
inner
conductor.
are supplied
required
the
contact
for
proper
to
Instructions
with
the
install a replace-
gently
by
installation
for even spacingofits four
for
normal
spring
the
action
contact
spring
the
sl)'Ould
action
the
end
pressure is
cause
is defective
front-panel
the
coupling
nut
and
showninFig-
tool
no
tool.
hand,
it
by
by
of
it
the
3-35. Observe
placing
a.
b.
an
Do
Do
inner
not
not
suretothe
c.
Do
not
conductor.
the
following precautions
conductor
disassemble
apply
inner
a.pply
contact.:
the
more
than
conductor.
any
twisting forcetothe
when
connector.
slight inward pres-
re-
inner
3-40.
AC
Line
Fuse.
is
providedbyfuse
uleatthe
rear panelofthe
F1
fuse proceed as follows:
1. Remove
the
power
module.
part
1
of
APC-7
Connector
Tool
Protection
located in
.for
the
the
instrument.Tochange a
cord
from
Kit,HP11591A.
instrument
power mod-
the
power
3-11
Page 25
Operation
Model 8746B
2. Slide
3. Remove
4. Replace
3-41.
Bias Sense lead
a
follows:
0.5
Bias
amp
1.
2. Remove
3.
4.
the
clear plastic cover all
the
left.
the
handletothe
the
value:
115V:
Number
230V:
Number
Tum
Trace
the
Remove fuse
fuse (HP
1 ampere standard-blow, HP
2110-0001
1
ampere standard-blow, HP
12
2110-0012
and
Bias
for
fuse.
To
off
the
the
the
wires
fuse block.
Part
fuse
by
pulling
right
and
just
fuse
with
a fuseofthe
Sense Fuses. Each Bias
each
port
coupler
replace these fuses
bias supplies.
front
top
coverofthe
from
coupler
and
replace
No.
2110-0012).
witha1/2
3-42. Line Switch Bulb Replacement
3-43.
button
Model
unscrewing
the
·pushbutton
ploded
The
indicates
8746B.
bulb,
bulb
This
the
disconnect
straight
view
of
housedinthe
that
line
bulb
switch retaining ring.
the
out.
the
pushbutton/bulb
LINE switch push-
power
may be replaced
power
Figure 3-7. is an ex-
is appliedtothe
cord
the
way
up
on
below
the
proper
is fused
proceed
8746B
involved
without
To
replace
and
pull
assembl~T.
to
the
fuse.
Part
Part
and
with
to
amp
the
as
..
OFF-ON
INDICATOR
LINE
Figure 3-7.
Remove the·
the
fingernails
pulling while nQl<1illgthe·
No.
forareplacement
(chassis)inthe: TableofReplaceable
VI. Install a
into
the
pushbutto
pushbutton
body.
seats.
Push
Line
bulb
by. grasping
or
a pair
replacement
•·
assembly
the.
Il
pushbutton
A)
GUIDE
Switch Bulb
of
pushbutton.
bulb
bulbbyinserting
:Then insert
into..the
~
LAMP
FOR
(2140-0244)
the
long-nosed pliers
is listed
slotinthe
assembly
51
Replacement
bulb
skirt';:
The
under
P~ts,
the
the
keyinthe
in
3-44. Pushbutton Switch Bulb Replacement
3-45.
Instructions
the
light
switches
s-parameter
are
giveninFigure 3-12.
for
and
replacing
attenuation
the
bulbs
pushbutton
with
and
HP
Part
DS1
Section
bulb
switch
until
.which
it
3-12
Page 26
1,19
BIAS
SENSE
BIAS
REFERENCE
!
LI
NE
r--,
II
~
I
~
RF
IN,"
J6
-::-
>:
20
2
~
2 I
2
~
l
BIAS
I-
I
I
I
I"
I.+
I
I'="
GROUND
1I2A
lI2A
O=<lr
'="
5000
0=0
L
SOOO
pF
_.J
pF
1
LINE
STRETc.HER
tj+
.,.
I- l
L:
1~B-.J
..I
~
-
~
I
~
I
QII
I0IIi i
INPUT
COUPLER
~
1M
1
+2
-1
-r
IJF
2
IJF
+1
LM
_I 2
+ T 2
\.IF
\.IF
'"
I
~
L-J
SWITCHES
IN
S22
POSITION
I III
II
I
~
L
-I
SHOWN
Ih
I
..
.-J
~
0:
n
:I
'-I
,Q
~.
I
~O
pF
°1=
"="
F
s=
~~~
-=
r-"l
I(
,
,I
~
I
1''1
, (
PORT
2
8..
~
~
m
~
~
~
jREMOTEl
L!~~-l
BI
SENSE
BI
I
:I:
:
I
AS
21'
1I2A
II
I
I
I
I
I
AS
3 I
112
A
1
~
SOOO
"="
SOOO
0:-0
1
-=
pF
pF
-=
1+
1M
"="
1+
1M
I,
(I
~~('
-I~
2IJF
2IJF
+~
1
\"
2
IJF
-1
+T
2IJF
Figure 3-8. Bias Voltage Input Connections
5000
O=<r
-=
pF
I.
'I
If)
i
(PORT1
TO
TEST
OUT
~
~
~
~
0
::i
Page 27
.:::1'
Operation
-
_.lI
o
OG2)
SWEEP
:
:
~
•
••
10
OSCILLATOR
:
:
:
Q
•
•
....
000
-
::: :
~
•
.-
0
RF
~l
OUT
-
TRANSISTOR
SWEEP
""""'il
MEASUREM
REFERENCE
r
ENT
HP
c:.
@t=Je
e·~
-
NETWORK
8410A
e
Model
ANALYZER
HP
8414A
leo
O~
-
8746B
HP
*~n~[
..
8746B
"OUllJ'w'
REMOTE
..
::
~
toJ
HP
11608A
TRANSISTOR
FIXTURE
HP
84IIA
II
SUPPLY
.
OUTPUT
-I'
WJI
8717A
TRANSISTOR
BIAS
SUPPLY
WI
3-14
*Rear-panel
REFERENCE
LINE
(HP
Part
No.
11604-20021).
Figure 3-9. Transistor Measurement(1of
See
Paragraph
2)
3-17a.
Page 28
•
Model
8746B
Calibration:
1.
Connect
page
calibrator for reflection
through-linecalibrator
measurements (see Table 3-1
sponding display indications).
2. Select s-parameter
dent
appropriate 8746B
3.
Set
quency
4. Adjust
Analyzer controlstophase
Analyzer over
5. Adjust
NEL
controls
display
a.
b.
equipment
..
TURN
power
the
Sweep Oscillatortosweep
bandofinterest.
the
the
GAIN
for
unit:
For
8414A
transmission coefficient
graticule circle).
For
8412A
tude
reference (preferably 0 dB).
as
shown
BIAS
attenuation
Sweep Oscillator
the
Network
and
an
adjust
OFF!
for
to
be
measured
desired
pushbuttons~
frequency
Analyzer
AMPLITUDE
amplitude
adjust
for a
foraconvenient
TRANSISTOR MEASUREMENT
on
previous
Insert
measurement
lock
reference
of
shorting
transmission
for
the
and
by
pushing
the
and
Network
the
Network
band
selected.
TEST
CHAN-
VERNIER
on
reflection
1.0
or
corre-
inci-
fre-
8.
the
or
(outer
ampli-
Two transistor calibrators are used for
calibration: a
through-lihe
through-line calibrator
to
rectly,asthe
sion calibration reference plane
way
to
offsetting calibration valueisgiven
Table 2ofthe
Note.
For
line calibrator. Move
edgeofthe
ENCE PLANE EXTENSION counterclockwise
the
amountofthe
The
Table 2ofthe
This value
length. When using
reference channel length is
ENCE PLANE EXTENSION
tion.
be
changed
length.
Operation
short
for
reflection,
for
transmission.
does
not
the
edge
of
the
transistor
short
does.
The
between
the
transmission calibration insert through-
offsetting calibration value is given
Therefore,
the
two
ports.
edge
of
the
transistor case, an
Model
transistor casebyturning
off-setting calibration value.
Model
is
the
the
by
one-half
11608A
the
reference planetothe
11608A
calibrator overall electrical
the
counter
Operating Note.
8746B,
twice
counter
indication should
the
calibrator overall
and
The
calibrate
case di-
transmis-
is half-
To calibrate
in
Operating
REFER-
the
change
the
REFER-
indica-
a
in
in
6.
Adjust
EXTENSIONtoobtain
test
a.
b.
7. Adjust Network Analyzer PHASE
control:
a.
b.
8746B
channel electrical lengths:
For
8414A
ter. ..
For
8412A
trace..
For
8414A
(short
grees).
For
ence. (When calibrating
DEGREES
Always
making a measurement.)
180
8412A
REFERENCE
equal reference and
adjust
degrees, through-section 0 de-
return
adjust
adjust
adjust
control
for
dotorsmallest clus-
for
t;l
horizontal
for
calibrator reference
for
a convenient refer-
withashort,
to
180
to
0 degrees before
Figure 3-9. Transistor Measurement (2
PLANE
phase
VERNIER
set
degrees.
Measurement:
1.
Remove
Fixture
lead pointingtothe
ALWAYS TURN BIAS
OPENING
ting precautions in paragraph 3-5
avoid switching transients as described in
paragraph 3-19.
2. Adjust
3-18
installation and operation.
3. Read magnitude and phase from
the
calibrator
and install transistor with
CAUTION
11608A
the
transistor bias.See paragraph
for
instructions concerning bias-supply
play indicator.
of
2)
from
the
right
..
OFF
LID. Observe opera-
BEFORE
·Transistor
output
and
the
dis-
3-15
Page 29
Operation
SWEEP
~~
••
o@
(»
Hll-.1Il
OSCI
••
0
Q
....
(')
0 0
LLATOR
MICROWAVE HARDWARE M.EASUREMENT
HP
SWEEP
1------------------111
RF
OUT
HP
87468
REFERENCE
~
I
I
@c:::;).
~----__+It_*).~
HP
84IIA
NETWORK
8410A
ANALYZER
••
Model
HP
8414A
0·
,:1
8746B
REFLECTION
Calibration:
1.
Connect
flection
HP
short
2. Press S11
3.
ation
Set
/'
quency
Adjust
4.
Analyzer
Analyzer over
Adjust
5.
NEL
controls
display
a.
b.
6.
Adjust
TENSION
channel electrical lengths:
REFlECTION
TRANSMISSION---10dB
- - - - - -
COAXIAL
HP
OPTION
MEASUREMENT
equipmentasshown
with
rear-panel
Part
No.
08745-20064
connectedtoPORT
and
desired
incident
pushbuttons.
the
Sweep Oscillatortosweep
bandofinterest.
the
Sweep Oscillator
controlstophase-lock
the
frequency
the
GAIN
for
Network
and
an
Analyzer TEST CHAN-
AMPLITUDE
amplitude
unit:
For
8414A
ficient
For
8412A
tude
reference (preferably 0 dB).
8746B
adjust for a reflection coef-
of
1.0
(outer
adjust
graticule circle).
for
REFERENCE
to
obtain
equal reference
UNKNOWN~
PORT
/
SHORT
/'
ATIENUATOR
8492A
010
above
REFERENCE
and
with a coaxial
1.
power
and
band
reference
a convenient ampli-
for
LINE,
attenu-
the
Network
the
Network
selected.
VERNIER
on
PLANE EX-
and
£0--1
re-
fre-
the
test
:
HP
llOO5A
FLEXIBLE
ARM
For
a.
ter.
b.
For
trace.
7. Adjust
control:
a.
For
(180
b.
For
degrees,
a convenientreference.
Return
degrees
Measurement:
1. Remove coaxial
nect
the
nate
all
with
the
2. Read
the
indicator.
*
Transmission:
Use
8414A
8412A
Network
8414A
rear-panel
HP
Part
(see
paragraph
Reflection:
Use
rear-panel
HP
Part
adjust
for
adjust
forahorizontal
Analyzer PHASE
adjust
for
REFERENCE
No.
08746..20031
3-1
REFERENCE
No.
08745-20064
dotorsmallest clus-
calibrator
degrees).
8412A
set
DEGREES
and
adjust PHASE
controlto180
VERNIER
Note
8412A
before
device
other
DEGREES
measurement.
short
from
under
testtoPORT
portsofthe
control
PORT1and
device
characteristic impedance.
reflection coefficientonthe
7).
VERNIER
reference
to
1. Termi-
under
display
LINE
LINE
phase
for
0
con-
test
3-16
Figure 3-10. Microwave Hardware
Measurement(1of
2)
Page 30
Model
8746B
Operation
•
MICROWAVE HARDWARE
TRANSMISSION MEASUREMENT
Calibration:
1.
Connect
page for transmission
ERENCE LINE, HP
Connect
Model
Arm, and
PORT
2. Press'821or
attenuation
3.
Set
quency
4. Adjust
Analyzer- controlstophase
Analyzer over
5. Adjust
NEL
controls for
display
a.
b.
6. Adjust 8746B
TENSION
channel electrical lengths:
a.
equipment
aID-dB
8492A
connect
1.
S12
pushbuttons.
the
Sweep Oscillatortosweep
bandofinterest.
the
Sweep Oscillator
the
the
Network
GAIN
unit:
For
ficient
For
tude
For
cluster.
and
an
8414A
8412A
reference (preferably 0 dB).
8414A
of
to
adjust
1.0
obtain
as
with
Part
attenuator,
Option
amplitude
(outer
adjust
REFERENCE
adjust
010,
attenuatortothe
and
desired incident-power
frequency
Analyzer
AMPLITUDE
fora
graticule circle).
for
equal
for
shown
rear-panel REE-
No.
suchasthe
to
lock
reference
transmission coef-
a convenient ampli-
reference
dot
on
previous
08746-20031.
HP
the
Flexible
8746B
the
fre-
and
Network
the
Network
band
selected.
TEST
CHAN-
VERNIER
on
the
PLANE EX-
and
test
or
smallest
MEASUREMENT
Measurement:
1.
Insert
10-dB
2.
To
test,
GAIN setting. This is
Adjust
a.
b.
c.
To
3.
under
a.
b.
4.
To
vice
PLANE EXTENSION
reference and
the
device ·to be
attenuator
determine
note
For
play
For
the
The
GAIN settings is
transmission gain
under
determine
For
the
For
phase trace displacement
obtained
determine
under
the
the
TEST CHANNEL GAIN controls:
8414A
on
outer
8412A
reference
difference
test.
test:
8414A
display.
8412A
during calibration.
test
tested
and
PORT
gainorlossofthe
8410A
the
adjusttoIOGate
graticule circle.
adjusttoreturn
obtained
in
the
or
phase shift
read' phase
determine phase shift
the
electrical lengthofthe
adjust
test
8746B
to
channel electrical lengths.
between
1.
device
TEST
calibration setting
the
the
during calibration.
TEST
magnitude
loss
of
through
shift
directly
from
REFERENCE
again o"litain equal
the
under
CHANNEL
CRT dis-
trace
to
CHANNEL
of
the
the
device
the
device
from
by
reference
de-
..
For
b.
'7.
Adjust Network Analyzer PHASE
control:
a.
b.
8412A
trace.
For
8414A
(0 degrees).
For
8412A
ence.
adjust
adjust
adjust
for
for
for
Figure 3-10.Microwave Hardware Measurement(2of
a horizontal phase
VERNIER
calibrator reference
a convenient refer-
a.
For
8414A
ter.
b.
For
8412A
trace.
c. Multiply
plane digital indicator
the
electrical lengthofthe
test.
adjust for
adjust
the
dotorsmallest clus-
forahorizontal
change in
2)
by
the
two
reference
to
device
phase
obtain
under
3-17
Page 31
Operation
APc-7 CONNECTORS
COUPLING
NUT
COUPLING
SLEEVE
Model
8746B
USE
To Connect:
1. On one connector,
by turning the coupling.
until the sleeve and
2. On the other connector, fully extend thecoup-
ling sleeve by turning the coupling
wise. To engage coupling sleeve and coupling
nut when the sleeve is fully retracted, press
back lightly on the
wise.
3. Push the connectors firmly together, and thread
the coupling nut
tracted sleeve over the extended sleeve. Leave
the
other
coupling
closing the gap between coupling nuts tends
loosen the electrical connection.
To
Disconnect:
1. Loosen the coupling
ing the wider gold band
retr~ct
nut
of
nut
the coupling sleeve
nut
counterclockwise
disengage.
nut
clock-
nut
while turningitclock-
the connector with re-
in the original position:
nutofthe connector show-
...
to
CARE
1. Keep contacting surfaces smooth and clean.
Irregularities
electrical performance.
COUPLING
CONTACTING
SURFACES
2. Protect the contacting surfaces when the connector is
sleeve extended.
SLEEVE
not
and··
foreign particles can degrade
in use by leaving the coupling
2. IMPORTANT: Part the connectors carefully
prevent striking the inner conductor contact.
3-18
Figure
to
3-11.
APC-7
Use
3.
Connectors
lintless material and/or firm-bristled brush
such
as
toothbrush for cleaning.Ifa cleaning
is
fluid
TANT: Do
hydrocarbons, esters, ethers, terpenes, higher
alcohols, ketones,
benzene, toluene, turpentine, dioxane, gasoline,
cellosolve acetate,
exposure
cleaning fluid and itsvapors as brief as possible.
needed use isopropyl alcohol. IMPOR-
not
of
use aromatic
or
ether-alcohols such
or
the
carbon tetrachloride. Keep
connector partstoboth
or
chlorinated
as
the
Page 32
Model
8746B
A bulb extractor tool,HPPart No. 4040-0427, has been developedtofacilitate bulb replacement for backlighted
pushbutton switches
BULB REPLACEMENT PROCEDURE
1. Place the endofthe thumbofone hand over the cornerofthe pushbutton switch. With the bulb extractor
tool in the other hand, place the hooked end
pushbutton (A) and gently push up until the lower end
of
the type shown below.
of
the
tool into
of
the
the pushbutton lens pops
frontofthe slot.onthe
outasshown in
bottomofthe
Operation
B.
•
A
2.
Remove the pushbutton lens. Place the hollow endofthe
and gently pull back. The bulb should stick in the extractor and come
pulled backasshown in
C.
bulb extractor tool over the bulbtobe replaced
B
outofits socket as
the
extractor
!~~'~.
.
3. Remove the old bulb from
to
the extractor
gently twist until
4. Replace the pushbutton lens by first positioning
pushbutton and pressing
Only the pushbutton lens should be removed for bulb replacement. If the pushbutton
inadvertently pulled
the pushbutton into the front panel and push
der
hold the new bulb, insert the new bulb into the socket. To separate bulb and extractor,
it
easily slips
of
procedureisthe sameaspreviously given.
the
hollow endofthe
off
the
bulb.
the
bottomofthe lens into place as shown in
out
during replacement, remove lens from the pushbutton. Re-insert
Figure 3-12. Pushbutton Selector Bulb Replacement
extractor and insert the bulb into
the
tabs at the top.
NOTE
in
until pushbutton snaps in place. Remain-
D.
of
the'
the
lens into
hollow end. Using
the
topofthe
is
3-19/3-20
Page 33
Page 34
Model 8746B
PerformanceTests
4-1. INTRODUCTION
4-2. The procedures in this section
ment's
cations
All tests can
interior
operational
Check"inSection III.
4-3. EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
4-4.
is listed
electrical performance using
of
Table 1-1 as
be
of
the
test
Equipment
in
the
performed
required for
the
performance standards.
without
instrument.
is needed, see
Recommended Test
If
the
performance tests
SECTION
PERFORMANCE
test
the
instru-
the
specifi--
accesstothe
only a simple
the
"Operator's
Equipment
IV
TESTS
Table in Section I. Any
the
critical speeifications given in
substituted
4-5. TEST RECORD
4-6. Results
lated
procedures.
specifications
results
for
comparison in periodic maintenance .and trou-
bleshooting
for
the
recommended model.
of
the
performance tests
on
the
Test·
The
Test
and
recordedatincoming inspection can be used
and
after
equipment
Record
Record lists allofthe
their
repairsoradjustments.
at
acceptable limits. Test
that
the
Table may
maybetabu-
the
end
satisfies
be
of
the
tested
•
4-7. Directivity
SPECIFICATIO
Directivity:
DESCRIPTION:
The
8746B under
coaxial short
sliding load. The Network Analyzer
making
If
to
duetothe
graticule circleisobserved, set
the
centerofthe
the
the
sliding load was a perfect termination,
the
directivity signal. However,
sliding load causing its reflected voltage vectortorotate
RING:
TERMINATOR:
NUT:
WASHER:
CENTER
BEAD
HOLDER:
COUPLING
CONNECTOR
~
Description
CLAMP
TRUARC
HEX
5/8-24"
FLAT
CONDUCTOR:
CONTACT
SHELL:
BODY:
CABLE
THREAD
FOR
5/8" DIA
TERMINATOR
CONNECTOR
SST
SHAFT
•
Figure 6-5.
REFERENCE
LINE
Coaxial Cable Connectors (2)
6-17/6-18
Page 61
Page 62
Model 8746B
Manual Changes
SECTION
MANUAL
7-1. INTRODUCTION
7-2.
To
adapt
serial numbers prefixed 983-, make
indicated below.
Serial
-
PrefixorNumber
983-1
-,....-..
Make
Manual
CHANGE 1
For
serial prefix 983- itisrecommended
A2Q22: 1854-0062 with heat dissipator 1205-0048.
A2R54 and A2R55: 0764-0013 R:FXD MET
this manual
Changes
SERVICE NOTE
that
A2Q22, A2R54, and A2R55 be replaced with the following parts:
OX56OHMS
CHANGES
to
_
-
Serial
VII
instruments
the
PrefixorNumber
2W
5%.
with
changes
__
Make
Manual
Changes_
to
The following Manual Changes are
Page 6-4, Table
Change A2Q22
Page
6-5, Table 6-2 Replaceable Parts:
Change A2R54 and A2R55
Page 6-6, Table 6-2 Replaceable Parts:
Change A3R32, 33, 3"5,51 and 52
Recommended replacement for these resistors is: 0757-0833 R: FXD MET FLM 5110
Page 6-7, Table 6-2 Replaceable Parts:
Change A3R71 and A3R72 to 0686-5125 R:FXD
Recommended replacement for these resistors is: 0757-0833 R:FXD MET FLM 5110
Page
8-20, Service Sheet 2, A3 Driver Assembly;
Change A3R32, 33, 34, and
Page
8-24, Service Sheet 4:
Change A3R51, 52, 71,
Page
8-28, Service Sheet 6:
Change A2Q22 to 1854-0039.
6-2
Replaceable Parts:
to
1854-0039 TSTR:SI
to
35
72,
73 and 74 to 5100 ohms.
document the parts originally installed in the instrument:
NPN
80131 2N3053 with 1205-0062 HEAT DISSIPATOR.
0698-3260 R:FXD MET OX 100
to
0686-5125 R:FXD DEPC 5100
DEPC
to 5100 ohms.
OHM
28480 0698-3260.
OHM5%1/2W 01121 5125. .
5100
OHM5%1/2W 01121 5125.
:v
OHM1%1/2W.
OHM1%1/2W.
I.'
I
7-1/7-2
Page 63
Page 64
Model
8746B
Service
8-1.INTR.ODUCTION
8-2. This
troubleshooting,
S-Parameter
section
Test
provides
and
repairing
Set.
instructions
the
Model
for
8-3. PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
8-4. General principlesofoperation
on
the
first
fold-out
diagram. This
index.
to
Service
Service
Service
Service
Service
Service
8-5. Detailed circuit
schematic diagram is placedonthe
foldout
material
s-parameter
incident
a diode matrix. This
combinations
lays in
attenuation
of
drivers which. operate·coaxial re-
both
switch trees and
pushbuttons
diode
HIGH/LOW terminology has been used
or
schematics in this manual. HIGH and. LOW refer
voltages only and
to
tionship
To find
for
any
TRUE/FALSEoroperate/non-operate.
the
pushbutton
tableofthe
proper
Service
theydonot
condition
position,
Sheetofthe
concerned.
port
andapower
Be sure
pathofthe
on
the
Model
to
interfere
Option
8746B
meter
terminate
with
coupler
002
and
Option
the
and
test
the
power
port
and
connect
the
Connect
port.
Coupling should
signal in
the
mainline,
24
testing
and transmission
proper
RF
troubles are
and
connectors are
transmission
showninthe
can
path
be
by
on
the
removing a
A high frequency Time
component
alsobeusefulinisolat-
on
the
schematic
pushbuttons
and
the
operate:.through
matrix selects various
the
attenuator.
on
the
to
have
any
fixed rela-
-of
a particular circuit
consult
the
truth
particular circuit
a
A
8-12
Page 76
Model 8746B
SWEEP
: :
: :
~
~
••••
........
••
c:>
00 0 0 0
O~
OSCI
:
LlATOR
:
:
~
: :
Service
SWEEP REFERENCE
HP
.~======:=;:;=====~
8746B
I\
TRANSISTOR
FIXTURE
I
lTH
W
g
SHORT
AL
I
COAX
FOR
S11
THROUGH-
CALI
5
FOR
LINE
BRATOR
AND
21
HARMONIC
FREQUENCY
CONVERTER
\
:
I
COAX
g
FOR
5
12
I
S22
AL
SHORT
Figure
Troubleshooting Test
8-1.
Setup
8-13
Page 77
Service
Model 8746B
Connect
sweep
NEL
region.
Press
pushbutton
tonislit
Press
turn.
one
Connect
pushbuttons.
just
reference
dB.
equipmentasshowninFigure
oscillator
LEVEL
each
at anyone
each
Each
pushbuttonislit
short
8410A
forareadingon8410A
meter.
Meter
S-PARAMETER
lights
and
stays
time.
INCIDENT
pushbutton
Set
-TEST
trace.
ATTENUATION
lights
at anyone
to
PORT1.Press
AMPL
VERNIERtomid-range.
CHAN
TEST
CHAN
8-1.
Adjust
REF
CHAN-
indicatesinOPERATE
YES
pushbuttoninturn.
lit,
and
only
one
pushbut-
YES
pushbutton
and
stays
lit,
and
time.
YES
S11
and0dB
GAIN
for
a 0dBgain
GAIN
settingis19-22
YES
Each
only
Ad-
........
_N_O__......~GotoFigure
NO
..........
---II~..
in
NO
NO
-
-
a.
NO
PUSH
Power
Supply
b.
ONE
PUSHBUTTON
Figure
8-13,
vice
Sheet
GotoFigure
ingonService
a.
NO
TEST
S-Parameter
b.
LESS
THAN19dB
reference.Goto
Troubleshooting.
c.
GREATER
reference.Goto
shooting.
8-3,
Reference
BUTTONS
TroubleshootingonService
S-Parameter
2.
8-21,
Sheet
CHANNEL
TroubleshootingonService
THAN22dB
Channel
LIGHT.Goto
DOES
Attenuation
4.
POWER.Goto
GAIN
Figure
Figure·
8-4
NOT
TroubleshootingonSer-
Select
needed
8-3,
Reference
GAIN
needed
Test
Troubleshooting.
Figure
8-30
Sheet
LIGHT.Goto
Troubleshoot-
Fig.
8~13,
Sheet
2.
for
a 0
dB
Channel
fora0dB
ChannelTroub
6.
le-
8-14
Connect
pushbuttons.
o
is
87468tobe
Check
ance
specificatio
GotoFigure
short
Adjust
dB
gain
reference
19-22dB.
usedinmanual
directivityofboth
procedureinparagrah
ns.
8-4,
toPORT2.Press
8410A
TEST
trace.
TEST
CHAN
YES
~,
operation
~
YES
port
couplers
4-1.
Directivityiswithin
~
rYES
Test
Channel
Troubleshooting.
a.NOTEST
S22
CHAN
GAlNsetting
only.
using
and0dB
GAIN
for
perform-
NO
a
.t----___.:--..-
NO
NO
S-Parameter
b.
GREATER
reference.Goto
shooting.
GotoFigure
-
on
Service
Examine
connectorofthe
be
undamaged,
when
pushed.
+
Contact
nearest
HP
office
instructions.
Figure 8-2. Preliminary Troubleshooting
CHANNEL
TroubleshootingonService
THAN22dB
8-27
Sheet
5.
the
colletinthe
have
YES
for
POWER.Goto
Figure
Remote
center
suspected
equally-spaced
8-4
coupler.
Figure
Sheet
GAIN
needed
Test
Channel
Control
Troubleshooting
conductorofthe port
This
collet
fingers,
and
I
Refertopara.
8-13,
2.
for
0
-dB
Trouble-
should
retract
3-34·1
Page 78
~
~--
-=-
---
-
----
--
-----
-- ': -~-
0---
__
-~
~-~-
::~"~~
:_-"~~~
'~~",,"::~,:
'::/
~'~;~~<~"
-"
- -
Model
From
8746B
Preliminary
Withasignal
insertion
port.
Insertion
below.
Model
8746B
normal.
Troubleshooting,
source
loss
from
RF
loss30dB+2dB.
reference
Figure
8-2.
and
power
meter,
measure
INPUTtoREFERENCE
Also,
see
YES
~~
channel
insertionloss
notes
Service
Disconnect
NO
-
-
power
located
belowRFinput
NO
is
Troubleshoot
-
-
REFERENCE
meter
to
nearest
W2,
LINE
REFER~lt~CE
side
paneL~
Poweris20dB±2
level
(24dBat
W3,
~
W6,
YES
,
500
and.A5line
W2.
LINE
MHz).
Connect
connector
dB
stretcher.
NO
Troubleshoot
....
Wl
and
DC3
Note1.Reflections from a discontinuityonone sideofthe line stretcher will combine with
reflections in the line stretcher or with reflections from the other side of the line
stretcher. The response curve
line stretcher position, the phase relationship between the sets
and the response curve will be altered. Monitor frequency response at several
REFERENCE PLANE EXTENSION settings.
than 2 dBatany REFERENCE PLANE EXTENSTION setting, the trouble maybein
the line stretcherordiscontinuitiesoneach sideofthe line stretcher.
Note 2. A relative increaseinpower indicates a trouble in the referencei channel. A relative
decrease in power indicates a trouble in the test channeL A narrow spikeismost likely
causedbypoor contactofcable center conductor pins, one fingerofa female pin
making contact,orgross outer conductor separation. A power change over a broader
frequency range
is
most likely caused by a cable outerconductor grounding problem.
is the resultant
of
all
discontinuities.Bychanging the
of
reflections changes
If
the overall power variationisgreater
not
Figure 8-3. Reference Channel Troubleshooting
8-15
Page 79
Service
From
ing,
Preliminary
Figure
Model 8746B
Troubleshoot-
8-2.
With0dB
ATION,note
S11
S22
S21
line.
Frequency
dB
s-parameters.
low.
GotoFigure
ator)
on
Service
INCIDE.NT
display
with-shortonPO
with
shortonPORT2and
and
S12
responseiswithin
overanoctave
Also
~,
8-22,A6(Attenu-
Assembly
Sheet
Not.e1.Notchesofapproximately 1 dB in the displayed trace at about 700
resonances in the bias·coils
ATTENU-
at:
RT
with
through-
for
all
four
see
notes
YES
Troubleshooting
4.
be-
a.
TROUBLEINSOME
to
Various
S-ParametersonService"
1,
b.
NO
2
in
the couplers. See typical trace below.
TROUBLE
increaseinpoweratoneormore
Channel
at
oneormore
s-parameters
cablesbyfeedingasignal
INPUT.
Frequency
Check
ter
DC3ina
COMMONTOAll
Troubleshooting.Ifthe
Set
the
responseiswithin2dB.
AttenuatorA6and
similar
(W4,
input
manner.
POSITIONS
frequencies,
W5,
W9,
level
coup-I
ONLY.Goto
Sheet
POSITIONS.Ifthe
frequencies,goto
display
showsarelative
suspect
Attenuator
at the
to0dBm.
the
A6,
frequencyinquestion
Connectapower
MHz
are normal. They are caused by
Table
2.
components
and
Coupler
Troubleshoot
.
its
connectors.
8-3,
Paths
display
showsarelative
Figure
8-3,
decreaseinpower
commontoall
DC3).
metertoW5P2.
VES
t
cableW9and
See
Common
Reference
Test
into
the RF
Note
the
2.
8-16
in
2. A relative increase
indicates a trouble in the test channel. A narrow spike
center conductor pins, one finger
separation. A power change over a "broader frequency range
conductor grounding problem.
If
a cable's center conductorisnot
3.
an increase in insertion loss. The increased insertion loss
(See Response Curve.)
4. See paragraph 8-35toreplace 10dBattenuator cartridges.
power indicates a trouble in the reference channel. A relative decrease in power
of
See
a female pin
centered it may distort a switch's center conductor contact and cause
Note
2
~
\
it
---"""1:
'.
not
Figure 8-4. Test Channel Troubleshooting
is
most likely caused by poor contactofcable
making I contact,orgross
is
most likely causedbya cable
is
most likelytooccur from 11to12.4 GHz.
T
<2
dB
outer
conductor
1
See
Note
3
outer
Page 80
Moqe18746B
INDEX
Figure 8-7
shows
diagram
andasan
circuit
Service
found.
BLOCK DIAGRAM CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The
four
(or
matrices
Operationofthe
shownonService
these switches permits measuring all four s..parametersofan
moving
811
S12
attenuator
tree
consistsofthree
relays energizetothe
the
unknown,
ReflectionatPORT 1
Transmission
Model
ands..
parameter switch trees
the
center
as follows:
from
PORT2to
8746B
consistofcoaxial directional couplers, a line
with
coaxial switches which are energizedatthe
relayofthe
switch tree movestoone
opposite side. When properly energized,
PORT 1 (reverse gain)
connecting coaxial cables.
same
side while
the
action
unknown:Jt·without
-821Transmission
S22
ReflectionatPORT 2.
A positive driver
section
switch
the
Referring
(10
treetoswitchtothe
RF
path.
to
Attenuator
connectionsinthe
PORT1and
and
002,
the
mainline. Fo.r
the
mainlineofthe
channel cones
In
additiontointerchanging
the
device
model
under
and
co.uplers is
sectionofthe
in
either
aQd
Coupling
models
the
Options
for
and
output
d~,
20
dB,40dB)toswitch in. A negative driver
Schematic
and
TEST
standard model.
PORT
RF
input
the
standard model,
coupler.
from
the
test
Option
001,
attenuated
coupler. Thereference channel coupler does
standard or
001
and
all couplers (including reference channel coupler)inboth
Options 001
from
PORT
1toPORT 2 (forward gain)
causes a switch treetoswitchtoone
opposite sideorthe
1,
note
that
connectionsGfrom
output
are interchanged
For
the
2 couplers is connectedtothe
into
the
PORT I
For
Options 001
the
and
RF
auxiliary lineofthe
the
input
and
are different
the
signal
10
dB.InOption
Option
002
versions have
and
with
the
through
002,
001or002
10
002isnominally 20 dB.
attenuator
in
Opt~ons
standard model,
auxiliary line.
PORT 2 couplers is connectedtothe
outputtothe
and
002,
coupler.
output
connections,
various options.
the
mainline sectionofthe
thereisno
versions. However,
dB
attenuationinthe
sideoran
output
attenuator
will cause
sectiontoswitch
'
the
switcl) trees
001 and
the
RF
For
002
input·
Options
TEST channel comes
the
RF
outputtothe
the
signal levels
For
both
the
PORT
attenuationinthe
not
have
any
attenuation
both
the
line stretcher.
the
out
to
A6
from
the
into
the
001
from
TEST
standard
1 & 2
mainline
standard
standard
of
to
Page 86
From
S-Parameter
Set
sweep
in
question
RF
inputto8746B.
Press
S11.
Standard
Option
Option
mode:20dB
001:10dB
002:0dB
Troubleshooting,
oscillatortoCW
and
adjust
sweep
Connect
Poweriswithin:
+4 - 2
+4 - 2
+0 - 2
operation
oscillatorto+10
power
dB
dB,
or
dB
belowRFinput
'YES
~
,
Figure
8-13.
at the
frequency
dBm
metertoPORT1.
level.
NO
Connect
within:
Standard
Option
Connect
nect
through-line
Power
loss
lossinthrough-line
Standard
...
_-
Press
S12.
is
within
Standard
Option
002:20dB±2dB.
power
metertoPORT2.Press
model:20dB
001:10dB
power
betweenRFinput
and
Power
lossinthrough-line
and
+4 - 2
metertoTEST
betweenPORT1and2.Press
plus:
Option
001:30dB+4-2dB.
loss
betweenRFinput
Option
001:30dB+4-2
+4 - 2
dB
YES
~
,.
YES
~
,
~plus:
YES
S22.
dB
belowRFinput
channel
output.
and
test
portiswithin
and
dB
Power
level.
Con-
test
S21.
port
oJ
is
NO
NO
NO
-
-
Measure
those
which
8-3,
'Paths
vice
Sheet2to
to
isolate
all
four
s-parameters.asinstructed,
failtomeet
CommontoVarious
isolate
the
the trouble
within
level
limits.
RefertoTable
S-Parameters,onSer-
trouble.
the
Useapower
common
path.
noting
meter
..
Go
to
Figure
8-22,
A6
TroubleshootingonService
(Attenuator)
Sheet
4.
Assembly
Figure 8-8. .RFTroubleshooting
Page 87
Table 8-3. Paths Common
From Test Channel Troubleshooting
to:
Various S-Parameter Switch Positions
Trouble in the
trouble occurs. The following table indicates
the table, set up equipment for calibration..
s-parameter positions a malfunction occurs..After loeationoftroublellas been narrowed
the troubleshooting tree at the bottomofthe
TROUBLE
TO
S-PARAMETERS
Sll
and
Sll
and
S22
and
S22
and
Note
some
button.
button.
nal
874GB
test channel
STANDARD
J
COMMONCOMMON
LOCATION·OF
S12
821
S12
821
the
trace.
display
other
S-PARAMETER
Press
Trace
within
W8,A881,A8S2,and
W7,A781,A7S2,and
Wl1,
Wl0,
indication.
the
original
.05dBof
A7S2,
A8S2,
pushpushorigi-
can,-be
isolated
Iq~f3tionsof
Press
page
MODEL
A7S3,
A8S3,
Press
PATH
TROUBLE
and
and
NO
ONl
WITH
1------'-----
toi::an
the
..
Vf:
OCt>.
DCl..'
De2,.
De2
:'
RF pathbydetermining in which switch:
trouble by indicating common compol
various s-parameter pushbuttons and
OPTIONS
LO.CATIONOFTROUBLE
~
W7,
W8·,
Wl0,
Wll,
001&002
COMMON
A7S1,
ASS1,
A8S2,
A7S2,
Troubleshoot
....
;;..
connectorsinthe
path
PATH
A7S2,
A8S2,
A8S3,
A7S3,
..
ONLY
WITH
and
and
and
and
DCl
DCl
DC2
DC2
switches
down,
and
common
n<
c,
SP
Of
an
me
Pa
po
Troubleshoot
path
with
channel
Reflectometer
discontinuity).
signal)
the
an
(small
YES
~,
common
ohmmeter
or
8
..
Time
insertion
trouble
(no
test
Domain
loss
or
i
Page 88
..
Parameter Switch Positions
by
determininginwhich switch positions the
Iebyindicating common components. To use
s-parameter pushbuttons and note in which
)uble has been narrowed down, continue with
Service
FORW2
REFERENCE
CONNECTION
LINE
'PTIONS
.OCATIONOFTROUBLE
W7,A7S1,A7S2,and
W8,
V10,
V1l,
--.
001&002
COMMON
A8Sl,
A8S2, A8S3,
A7S2,
Troubleshoot
connectorsinthe
path.
PATH
A8S2,
A7S3,
ONLY
WITH
and
and
and
DCl
DCl
DC2
DC2
switches
and
common
SPECIAL
DC3,
W4,
andW9are
mon
to
ALL
Parameter
positions
switch
trouble
NOTE:
A6,
W5
com-
S-
VV9
W3
A5
LINE
STRETCHER
RF
Circuits
SERVICE SHEET 1
8-18
W5
W10
Figure 8-9.
Page 89
Service
TOP
Model 8746B
VIEW
VV9
W3
A5
LINE
STRETCHER
FORW2
REFERENCE
CONNECTION
LINE
:!rEFERENCE~
OUTPUT
CONNECTOR
8-18
Figure 8-9.
RF
Circuitry,
Top
View
A7
SWITCH
TREE
A
Page 90
Model 8746B
BOTTOM VIEW
II
W4
A6
ATTENUATOR
ASSEMBLY
Wll
DC3
RFINPUT
,~.,--JL
AS
.
SWITCH
ASSEMBLY
Wl
TREE
B
SERVICE
SHEET 1
De2
Figure 8-10.
RF
Circuitry,
W7
Bottom
DCl
View
Page 91
rCH
TREE
:MBLY
DCIJ2
- --
DCI
------------
DCfJI
I
~f
I
r
IL
RI
lSOOJ,lF
10
(NOT
I
OPTION
II
dB
IN'
~!o
0(2)
I
I
+a
:
TZI!F
lc3
L_
~PI!F
B
DC2JI
r
-
C2
II.
RZI2J.lF
1M
__
C5
~_5000p~
BIAS
~--
~------------
~
F2
r -
L
+a
C1
iZI!F
REMOTE
__
DCZJZ-E
~
-----,
20dB
R3
1M
__ _
INPUT
-----1
t
l
L2
.
20
~H
I
C8
5000pF
~_
C9
~_5000pf......J
---,
BIAS
F3
I
I
I
I
I
SEN
-,
I
I
I
I1
IDel I
DENT
I
CALTODCI
EXCEPT
WHERE
MARKED
!
I
I
I
L_
- - - - -
~-
Figure 8-11.
-
---
PORT
- - - -
1 and
PORT
-f-
--
2 Coupi.
Page 92
--
--,
C9
~
_SOOOpf....J
BIAS
SENSE
F3
-
----,
W2
W2P2
W3Jl
DClJ3
:~
I
~
W3
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
DC2J3
I
REFERENCE
ASSY
Cl-9
Jl-3
LI,2
Rl-3
NOTE:
DCl
AND
COUPLERS
DES1GNATI
DCl
DC2DIRECTI
ASSY
Cl-9
Jl-3
Ll,2
Rl-3
NO
PREFIX
F2-S
J6
ONS
DC2
ONAL
WIPI
--
-
A6
120~
III
! J
O~DIRECTIONAlCOUPl:=
---1
DC3J3W4Pl
1
I
tt~0rrt~
-
W4
W4P2A6Jl
II
II
-:--/
i-IN
1
_,
°G
~IPORT21
I
I
I
I
I
-E--
, 2 Coupler
---l
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
REFERENCE
A5
Jl,2
A7
Jl,2
A8
JI-3
DCl
JI-3
DC2
JI-3
DC3
J.1-3
OPTIONS
001,
REVERSE
OPTIONS
THESEWIRES
001
STANDARD
DESIGNATIONS
NO
PREFIX
WlJl,W
W2Pl,2
W3Jl
W3P-l
W4Pl,2
W5Pl,2
W6Jl
W6Pl
W7Pl,2
W8Pl,2
002
ONLY.
AND
MODEL
FOR
002.
ONLY.
Page 93
W3Pl
A5J2
~:
-
W3
L~
I
A6
ATTENUATOR
--OTO
- -
,,,"-'
70dB-I
IN
10
dB
STEPS
.IIIIt
./,,,,~
...
::-
- - - -,I
INCIDENT
ATTENUATION
II
A~J2
~I
'I
SEE
A5J2
II
W6Pl
SWITCH
A7
TREE
A
:jP
INPUT
W~Pl
SEE
NOTE
3III
~I
-I'""-4--+----++_~~.
W5A
:
OR
I
:
W5B
W5P2
NOTE
1
~
W5P2
I
TO
A8J2
A7S2
(QS743~60~9)_
A7Jl
r
i'
-
II
--=----+--,j~
I
A7S3
(08743
-600
11)
r------
I
I
I
I
J
II
LJ
_
-
+
WHEN
APPLIED,
MOVEASSHOWN
(TOWARD
VOLTAGE)
A7J3WIIPI
II
,"
I
VOLTAGE
SWITCHES
NEGATI
W6
-e
W7
C2
A8
SWITCH
TREE
B
ASS1(OS743
i------,
I
:6III
-------;..~-~~
IS
VE
.------,
------1--
_-<1---
II
L
-600
10)
"'Y"
:
I
I
I
----'
'=ASS2
(08743-60009)
l
:
IIII
II. .
~
I
-'
A~Jl
W~Pl
A8J2
W91
II
I~
fl
SEE
NOTE
2.
Page 94
Service
A7J2W7Pl
II
~I
+
WHEN
APPLIED,
MOVEASSHOWN
(TOWARD
VOLTAGE)
A7J3WIIPl
II
~:
VOLTAGE
SWITCHES
NEGATI
IS
VE
A8S1(08743-60010)
j------,
I
l~~
...------=-:
r---+----<..J-----t
.-----,
~---+--
...----<}-
II
L
W6
e
W7
A8
SWI
TCH
TREE
B
1"
--v
___
'=A8S2
(08743-60009)
:r-m
:
ASH
1
.~
I
I
I
--1
:
II:I
:.
,
I
--'
WSPI
~
ASJ2
W9PI
i
.;.
:tst
W6Jl
I
tt[R~E~~U
--
W7P2
-- -
DCI
J2
DCI01RECTIONAL
WS
WSr2
Q
~d£t~~~I~~I~~
W9PI
I
OClJI
r----
110
dB
W9A
W9B
OR
e
SEE
COUPLER
------
.t
NOTE
3
dB
I
oelJ3
trt
tt.
II
[fORD]
TEST!
L
__
--'
DC2
DIRECTIONAL
r----------...,
WID
WIOP2
DC2JI
Ito
dV
IIiII
~--+---4e--+---+-~-H,~
Wil
~(
L______
NOTINOPTION
~
COUPLER
002
.
(20
_
- --DC2J2
-
--WlIP2
dB
I
DC2J3
~
I
PORT
i
~
21
~
RFCIRCUITS
A5JASJA7.AB
Figure 8-12.
RF
Circuit.
8-19
Page 95
SERVICE SHEET 2
S-PARAMETER LATCHING
Control
pushbutton
associated
circuitry for each s-parameter
circuit, a
diode
remote-input
matrix
(not
driver circuits. When latched,
matrix,
more
information
LATCH CIRCUITRY
Each
together
which feeds this signaltothe
switch relays. See
concerning
latch
circuit consists
with
associated front-panel
RF
RF
circuitry.
of
lamp.
to
Referring
diode
curre~.t
A3CR9 (S22 circuit)
positive. This
Schematic2,note
of
A3Q8, flowing
action
turns
through
A3Q7
collector voltage. This voltage,
A3Q8
A3R8,
conducts.
for
822
on,
duetothe
the
voltage
Thereisno
all driver
regenerative
drop
inputs
across
connection
shouldbelow.
AND
DRIVER
circuit,
present in
the
latch
Circuitry description
CIRCUIT
or
attenuation
and
a transistor latching circuit
DESCRIPTION
selection consists
822or0 dB circuits) feeding associated
circuit provides a +6 volt signaltothe
proper
driver(s). Each driver actuates
on
Service Sheet 1
forl!~further
with
diode
one
a pairofdirect-coupled complementary transistors,
that
conducts,
A3R1
on.
which
action
A3CR9
from
pushbuttonorremote
when
the
instrument
turning transistor A3Q8 on. The collector
7, will cause
Collector
current
is also appliedtothe
just
described. When current flows
drops below lOV and
S22
latch
circuittothe
input
and an indicator
is first
the
base
turned
of
A3Q7
on,
zener
to
through A3Q7 will lower its
baseofA3Q8, will keep
through
the
diode
no
longer
diode matrix since
of
an
go
or
SERVICE SHEET 2 (cont'.
volts. As
through
a
harder. This regenerative (
and
about
voltage causes
to
conduct,
voltage.
the
switch trees
current
ing direction,
held
range
from
Diodes
tive voltage causedbythe
and
the
current
and
turning
the
output
A3R22)tothe
A3Q13
+24 volts,
are
saturated
the
switch
A3Q12/A3Q
which reverses
Current
through
actuate
also reverses
the
conducti
on
until
the
voltage
of~+3 volts
to
switchingonnoise.
A3CR16
A3Q14
and
protect
through
the
output
and
vol
ba
th
direct
~
A3el
the
tra
iJ
+
r,
dl
v(
excessive.
In
the
manual mode,
pushbutton
baseofA3Q2
A3Q1
drawn
the
common
except
The
latching circuit
.A3CR13,
other
through
through
by
the
A3Q1 flows through
emitter-resistor buss raises sufficiently
the
one
whose
and
thus
transistor A3Q2's collector
A3CR12. The +6 volts
In
remote
and7cannot
5
DRIVER
The
operation, +11 voltsisappliedtothe
conduct,
CIRCUITRY
+6 volt signal
drivers are identical, so only
Other
The
switch
switch
tree
tree
and
Their position depends
three
coils are in parallel and energize simultaneously. ReferringtoSwitch Tree A
Driver, only
time.
The
divider in
oneofthe
bases and emitters
the
emitter
the
A4
than
S22 (say
A3CR1
regenerative
pushbutton
output
to
the
switch tree drivers.
is
then
thus
from
the
drivers
operate
attenuator
upon
input
circuit maintains
pushbutton
811)
and
A3R1.
action
the
common
bussisat
is pushed,
common
Transistor A3Q2
common
(0 volts) is appliedtothe
turns
previously described. The additional current
emitter-resistor A3R8. The voltage
to
cut
is actuated.
is
applied
is
at
about
appliedtoboth
disabling
diode
the
driver feeding Switch Tree A willbeexplained.
to
the
diode matrix, A3CR10
For
example, when 811isselected,
+6 volts, which biases
switch
the
pushbuttons.
tree
drivers.
pushbutton
buss, so
matrixissuppliedtothe
in a similar manner.
relays are two-position, magnetically latched relays.
the
directionofcurrent flow through their coils. The
transistors, A3Q11orA3Q12, will
of
these transistors are tied together. The voltage
emitter
voltageatabout
inputtoA3R18israisedto+6 volts, transistor A3Q12isturned
on
causes A3CR14toconduct,
A3Ql2
A3Q13,
to
saturate. Transistor A3Q12's collector current provides base current
which turns
A3Ql3
providing a low
on.
The driver
emitter
output
impedance which allows
will begintorise toward +25
potential. When a
on, which
off
all latch circuits
turns
through
on
A3CR11 and
that
A3CR1, 3,
selected drivers. All
conductatanyone
+2 volts. When
the
on. Turning A3Q12
on
on
to
Page 96
: SHEET 2 (cont'd.)
~
the
output
A3R22)
~his
regenerative action will continue until A3Q12
~13
are saturated. When
4:
volts,
the
luses
A3Q12/A3Q13toshut
ct,
which reverses
;urrent
~h
through
trees
Iso reverses direction.
~ion,
the
until
the
~
+3 volts
~ching
on
voltage rises, feedback (dashed line
to
the
baseofA3Q12 will
the
driver
turn
output
switch trees actuate. Removing
off
and
A3Ql1/A3Q10
the
polarityofthe
the
switch tree relaysisreversed
actuateinthe
reverse direction. Feedback
As
feedback
conducting transistor,
driver's
current
A3Qll
voltage across A3R18 passes
to~+5 volts, preventing
the
noise.
or
through
relay driver
A2Q12
reaches
the
input
output
is chang-
A3Q12,
on
and
the
From
Preliminary
RefertoTable
this
service
and
A3TP7
these
voltages
the
Table.
is
Startingatthe
trouble,
pare
tabletoisolate
measure
these
Troubleshooting,
8-5,
8-Parameter
sheet.
Measure
for
the
with
the
Voltages
compare.
~.
beginningofthe
voltages
voltages
with
the troubletothe
the
voltagesatA3TP5
selection
corresponding
YES
,
.~
at the test
the
voltages
Figure
Voltage
desired.
selection
points.
defective
8-2.
Table
on
Compare
voltages
path
Com-
listedinthe
circuit.
NO
R Gote
in
in
RF
Tn
~3CR16
ge
,14
nt
ng
and
causedbythe
protect
through
the
the
and
output
A3CR17 provide a
path
for
the
relay's switching. Transistors A3Q9
driver
voltage across
transistors
output
offifthe
transistorsbysensing
the
output
transistors
current
induc-
becomes
Figure 8-13. S-Parameter Troubleshooting
8-4. S-Param.eter Truth Table
Table
PARAMETER
8
11
S12
8
21
8
22
PARAMETER
(Standard
A
High
Low
High
Low
(Opts.
SWITCH
c-
SWITCH
001
and
TREES
Model
TREES
002
Only)
B"
High
High
Low
Low
Only)
High
Low
8
11
8
12
8
21
8
22
= > +
= <
6V
inputtoDriver
output
from
+2V
inputtoDriver
output
from
A
High
High
Low
Low
NOTE
Driver.
Driver.
High
Low
Low
Low
and>+24
and
<-24V
B
V
Page 97
"
GotoFigure
RF
Troubleshooting
ubleshooting
8-8,
PARAMETER
S11
S12
S21
S22
NOTE: The voltages shownonP1 will occur only while s-parameter
Table 8-5. S-Para-meter Voltage
Pl
PIN
~+lV
~+9V
~+9V
~+9V
voltages are measured to common (any
7
P1
PIN
10
~+9V
~+lV
~+9V
~1t·
~+9V
P1
PIN
3
~9V
~+9V
~+lV
~+9V
Pl
PIN
13
~+9V
~+lV
~+9V
~+9V
TP
1
~+2V
~+2V,
~+6V;
I
~+2V
w~ite-black
I
*A more accurate check consists in meastnlng
tor.
The saturated transistor is
voltage
of~+2V. The voltage
not exceed 1.2 volts.
the
1854-0012
(collector-~mitter)
TP2
~+6V
~+2V
~+2V
~+2V
the
,voltage drop
output
across
T£
TP
3
~+2V
~+6V
~+2V
~+2V
wire),NC
transis.
the
f
~th
Table
TREES
IdelOnly)
B
High
High
Low
Low
"REES
)02
Only)
B
High
Low
Low
Low
>+24V
<-24V
Page 98
occur onlywhile s-parame"ter
Ion (any w\1ite-black wire), NOT CHASSIS GROUND.
the
s in measuring
;
the
1854-Q012
(collector-emitter) across
.voltage
output
pushbutton
drop
across
transistoronthe
the
saturated
the
is being depressed. All
saturated
schematic foraninput
output
output
transistor should
transis-
S-Parameter
Latch
& Driver Circuits
SERVICE SHEET 2
· -
...
-
8-20
Page 99
Service
A4
Model
8746B
8-20
Figure 8-14.
P5
A4
Switch Panel Assembly, Parts Location
Page 100
Model
8746B
A3
P2
SERVICE
SHEET 2
Figure 8-15.
A3
Driver
Assembly,
Pl
Parts Location
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