HP 83236B User Manual

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HP 83236B PCS Interface

CDMA /PCS Base Station Test So ftware, User’s Guide

Software Version A.02.01

HP Part No. 83236-90121

Printed in U. S. A.

March 1997

Revision A

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Use, duplicati on or disc losur e by the U. S. Gove rnment is subjec t to restr icti ons as set forth in subpa ragraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Right s in Technic al Data an d Computer Software Clause in

DFARS 252.227-7013. Hewlett-Pa ck ard Company

3000 Hanover Street Palo Alto, CA 94304 U.S.A.

Rights for non-DOD U. S. Government De part ments and Agenc ies are a s set f orth in FAR 52.227-19 (c) (1, 2).

In this Book This book documents the use of the CDMA/PCS Base Station Test Software sup-

plied with the PCS Int erf ace. It focu s es specifically on the use of the PCS Interface in testing CDMA/PCS base station equipment.

Chapter 1, Getting Started

This chapter provides the steps for loading and run n ing the CDMA/PCS base station test software. Start here.

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

After you have the software loaded and running, use this chapter to see each measurement’s steps for CDMA transmitter and receiver testing.

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

General informat ion on software use is found in this chapt er.

Chapter 4, Troubleshooting

This chapter offers reference mat erial to be used if you encounter errors while using the software.

Other Books The following manuals offer more detailed information on the use of the PCS

Interface, Cell Site Test Set, and the CDMA Cellular Adapters:

• HP 83236A or 83236B PCS Interface Operating Manual (p/n 83236-90101)

• HP 8921A Cell Site Test Set User’s Guide (p/n 08921-90022)

• HP 83203B CDMA Cellular Adapter (p/n 83203-90028) or HP 83205A

CDMA Cellular Adapter (p/n 83205-90008)

Conventions Used in this Book

The following terms are used throughout this book:

• Test Set - the HP 8921A Cell Site Test Set.

• Cellular Adapter - the HP 83203B or 83205A CDMA Cellular Adapter.

• PCS Interface - the HP 83236A,B; used to translate PCS signals into the range of the Test Set.

• Software - the CDMA/PCS Base Station Test Software, des cribed in this book.

• Test S ys te m - the combin at i on of a Test Set, a Ce l lu l ar Adapter, an d a PC S Interface .

The Test Set ’s keys, softkeys, and selec tion choices in menu screens are shown as follows:

• A key on the Test Set’s front panel: TESTS

• A User Key: Main Menu (k5)

• A selection choice or setting on the CRT display: Equipment Type

Contents

Table of Contents

1 Getting Started

Introduction 12

Who should use the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software? 12 Product Description 12 Software Operat ion in Brief 12 Required Equipment 13

Step 1: Make Connections 14

Step 2: Load and Run the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software 15

Navigation of the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software 17

Step 3: Config ure the Software 18

Step 4: Perform CD MA Tes t s 21

If You Had Problems 21

Contents

2 Making Measurements

Overview 25

Transmitter Measurements 25 Receiver Measurements 25 Other 25

Average Power 26

Overview 26 Requirements 26 Steps 27 Notes 27

Modulation Quality (Rho) 28

Overview 28 Requirements 28 Steps 29 Notes 29

Code Domain Power 30

Overview 30 Requirements 30 Steps 31 Notes 31

Code Domain Timing 32

Overview 32 Requirements 32 Steps 33 Notes 33

Code Domain Phase 34

Overview 34 Requirements 34 Steps 35 Notes 35

Transmit Spectrum 36

Contents

Overview 36 Requirements 36 Steps: Go to Spectrum Analyzer @ Present Chan 37 Steps: Go to Spectrum Analyzer & Enter Freq 38 Notes 39

Receiver Sensitivity 40

Overview 40 Requirements 40 Steps 41 Notes 41

Receiver Performanc e in Additi ve Noise 42

Overview 42 Requirements 42 Steps 43 Notes 43

Search for PN O ffset 44

Over view 44 Requirements 44 Steps 45 Notes 45

Check Even-Second Clock 46

Overview 46 Requirements 46 Steps 47 Notes 47

Contents

3 Operating Overview

Overview 50

Configu ration Information 50 Reference Information 50

Selecting a PCS Band 51

Steps 51 Notes 51

Compensating for TX and RX Measurement Path Loss 53

Requirements 53 Steps 53 Notes 53

Saving Configuration Information to Memory 54

Requirements 54 Steps 54 Notes 54

Loading Configuration I nformation from Memory 55

Requirements 55 Steps 55 Notes 55

Purging Configurati on Information from Memory 56

Requirements 56 Steps 56 Notes 56

Using Autostart 57

Turning On the Autostart Feature 57 Turning Off the Auto start Feature 57 Notes 57

Viewing Instrument Connections 58

Steps 58 Notes 58

Contents

Setting the Test System “Beep” 59

Steps 59 Notes 59

An Alternative Test-System-to-Base-Station Timebase Configuration 60

Steps 60 Notes 60

Contents

4 Troubleshooting

Overview 64

Errors When Loading and Running the Softwar e 65

Memory Overflow Errors 65 Test System Configuration Errors at Runtime 66 Other Tes t System Configur ation Errors 67 Configu ration Information is Not Updated as Saved 67 Menu Screens in this Book do not Match the Screens that You See 68

Errors While Attempting Measurements 69

CDMA Measurement not Correlating 69 Frame Error Rate (Receiver Measurements) 71

Questionable Measurement Results 73

Overview 73 Average Power 73 Rho Mea s uremen ts 74 Code Domain M easurements 74 Receiver Tests 74

Glossary 77

Index 83

Getting Started

Follow the steps in this chapter to loa d and run the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software, to connect the test eq uipment, and to make initial settings to configure your Test System.

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Introduction

Introductio n

Who should use the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software?

Product Description

Software Operation in Brief

If you are installing, commissioning, or maintaining Personal Communication Services (PCS) sites using the Code Division Multiple Acce ss (CDMA) standard, this Software will assi st you in performing tests of transmitter and receiver performance.

The HP 83236B CDMA/PCS BS Test Software is an Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) applicat ion used t o set up t he PCS Inte rface for transmitter and receiver measurements on CDMA base station equipment. The Software runs on the Test

Set’s internal IBASIC controller to allow you to manually control the PCS Interface (which has no front-panel controls).

This latest revision of t he Software provides support f or the North American PCS channel plans plus two proposed band definitions for use in international PCS networks.

The CDMA/PCS BS Test Software is designed to run on the HP 8921A Cell Site Test Set using the HP 83203B or HP 83205A Cellular Adapters (an equivalent configuration is the HP 8921A Option 600, 601, 603). This combination of test equipment plus the Software is hereafter referred to as the “Tes t Sy ste m. ”

This Softwar e does n ot perfo r m au t omat ed me as urements of a CDMA base station; it controls the Test System then allows you to make these measurements manually using the CDMA test screens. The basi c steps are :

• Set up the base station and test equipment.

• Load and run the Software.

• Enter informat ion about your base station.

• The Software configures the Test System to test.

• Exit the Software and go to the CDMA screens.

• Make yo u r CDM A measurem en t ( s) .

The first four steps are detailed in this chapter. The remaining steps are presented in "Making Measurements" in chapter 2.

Required Equipment

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Introduction

You must supply:

Means to control base station and read FER.

CDMA PCS Base Station.

Supplied with the Test System:



HP 8921A Opt. 600, 601, 603 or an HP 8921A with an HP 83203B or 83205A Cellul ar A d ap ter.



HP 83236A, B PCS Interface

HP 83236A, B Cable Kit

Cable Kit

(Supplied with the HP 83236A,B)

CDMA PCS Base Station Test Software (Supplied with the HP 83236A, B)

Cables to connect the base station to the Test System . (See table below.)

Item

1 2

Connector at System end

N (m) N (m)

BNC (m)

Figure 1

Label: HP 83236B Syst em Utility Software

Connections

Connects base s tation’s tra ns mitter test por t to PCS Interface’ s R F I N /OU T port. Connects PCS interface’s RF IN/OUT port to base station’s receiver test port.

Connects Even-Second clock from BS to EVEN SEC/SYNC port on Cellular Adapter.

Connects BS Timebase reference to timebase input on the Cellular Adapter.

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Step 1: Make Connections

Make the connections between the elements of the Test System and the base station as shown in figure 2.

NOTE: This figure does not illustrate all rear-panel connections between the Cell ular Adapter and

Test Se t . Refer to th e Cellular Ad apter User’s Guide to ver ify these connections.

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN



CDMA Base Station

19.6608 MHz Clk (or other reference)

Even-Second Clock

SYNTH REF IN

10 MHz OUT

HP - IB

REF IN



Note:

This figure shows the most common timebase co nfiguration. See "An Alternative Test-System-to-BaseStation Timebase Configurat ion" on page

60.

10 MHz REF INPUT

10 MHz REF OUTPUT

Figure 2

Step 2: Load and Run the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software

The next step is to get the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software loaded into the Test Set and running on t he IBASIC controller. Locate the memory card supplied with the PCS Interfa ce and follow the steps of figure 3 and figure 4.

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Figure 3

Press

POWER.

Wait for display to

appear (approximately 20 seconds).

Press PRESET.

Continued on the following page

Insert the

System U t il ity Software card.

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Step 2: Load and Run the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software

Press TESTS to display the

TESTS (Main Menu) screen.

Position the cursor at Card and select it.

7 8

Position the cursor at

Select Procedure Location: and select it.

Position the cursor at Select Procedure Filename: and select it.

Position the cursor at Choices: and select PCSCDMA.

PCSCDMA XXXXXXXX YYYYYYYY

Position the cursor at Run Test and

109

select it. The Software is now loading.

Figure 4

Loading Time:

First time: approximately one minu te .

After first time: approx imately 15 seconds.

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Step 2: Load and Run the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software

Navigation of the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software

After the Software has loaded , you should see the CDMA/PCS BS Test

Software’s ma in menu screen on the d isplay of the Test Set (see figure 5). Important features of this screen are indicated in the figure with note s on thei r use.

Main Selection and Cursor Control

Some menu selections open lower-level menus, others allow entry of numeric data. To select a menu item, rotate the knob until the curso r is front of the selection and press the knob.

Entry Fields

Some main menu sel ections are entry fields. When these are selected, a highlighted are a appears and you may key in a value with the DATA keys, or rotate the knob to change the value in the field. When the desired value is set, press the knob or the ENTER key .

Quit

Tuned Frequency

This area displays the frequency settings for the CDMA analyzer and s i gn al gen er ator.

Figure 5 CDMA/PCS Test Software main menu features

USER Keys and their Fields

The USER Keys (k1 - k5) correspond to fields 1-5 at the top right corner of the test screen . They are used for navigation through menus and for making selections. In most lower-level

menus, a “Prev Menu” key is provided to take you up one menu level.

Knob

The knob controls the cursor position on the display and is sometimes used to make num eric entr ies.

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Step 3: Configure the Software

The first time you run the Software you must enter information about your setup and the base station being tested. Use these steps:

From the CDMA PCS Main Menu, scroll to and

select Configuration Information Menu.

CDMA PCS Main Menu

Quit Config ur a ti o n In f or ma tion Menu

Base Station Channel . . . . . . . . . 220

Base Station PN Offset . . . . . . . . 16

Search for PN Offset Go to Spectrum Analyzer @ Present Chan Go to Spectrum Analyzer & Enter Freq Go to Code Domain Analyzer Screen Perform Average Power Measurements Measure Rho Parameters Set up CDM A Generato r Check Even Second Clock

Scroll to and select the clock frequency of the

3 4

timebase signal at the SYNTH REF IN port.

Select New Reference Frequency

1 1 . 2288 2 2 . 4576 4 . 9142 5 9 . 8304 10 15

19.6608

Typical reference frequencies are

19.6608 MHz and 10 MHz.

Scroll to and select Base Station Reference

Freq.

Configuration Information Menu

Return to Main Menu

Base Station Channel . . . . . . . . . 220

Base Station PN Offset . . . . . . . . 16

Base Station Reference Freq. . . 19.6608 M Hz

Base Station Reference To . . . . SYNTH REF IN

Base Station Power Out . . . . . . . 1.00000 Watt(s)

TX Measurement Path Loss . . . . . .5 dB

RX Measurement Path Loss . . . . 4.0 dB

Connection Drawing Menu PCS Band = North American Band Beep = O f f Save Info To Me mory Load Info From Memory Purge Inf o From Memory

Scroll to and select Base Station Power Out and enter the level of your transmitted signal.

Configuration Information Menu

Return to Main Menu

Base Station Channel . . . . . . . . . 220

Base Station PN Offset . . . . . . . . 16

Base Stat ion Referen c e Freq. . . 19.6608 MHz

Base Station Reference To . . . . SYNTH REF IN

Base Station Power Out . . . . . . . 1.00000 Watt(s)

TX Measurement Path Loss . . . . . .5 dB

RX Measurement Path Loss . . . . 4.0 dB

Connection Draw ing Menu PCS Band = North American Band Beep = Off Save Info To M e mory Load Info From Memory

May be approximate.

Continued on the following page

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Step 3: Configure the Software

Scroll to and se lect TX Measurement Path Loss. Enter the loss (throu gh cables, couplers, and attenuators)

between your base station’s transmitter test port and the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Interface.

Configuration Information Menu

Return to Main Menu

Base Station Channel . . . . . . . . . 220

Base Station PN Offset . . . . . . . . 16

Base Station Reference Freq. . . 19.6608 MHz

Base Station Reference To . . . . SYNTH REF IN

Base Station Power Out . . . . . . . 1.00000 Watt(s)

TX Measurement Path Loss . . . . 0.5 dB

RX Measurement Path Loss . . . . 4.0 dB

Connection Drawing Menu PCS Band = Nor th A mer ic a n Ban d Beep = Off Save Info To Memory Load Info Fro m Me mory

Scroll to and select RX Measurement Path Loss. Enter the loss of the RF cable (include loss through split-

ters, and so f orth) between you r base st ation’s recei ver test port and the RF IN /OUT port of the PCS Interface .

Enter the value into the highli ghted field. The Software will compensate for cable loss, improving measurement accuracy.

Configuration Information Menu

Return to Main Menu

Base Station Channel . . . . . . . . . 220

Base Station PN Offset . . . . . . . . 16

Base Station Reference Freq. . . 19.6608 MHz

Base Station Reference To . . . . SYNTH REF IN

Base Station Power Out . . . . . . . 1.00000 Watt(s)

TX Measurement Path Loss . . . . 0.5 dB

RX Measurement Path Loss . . . . 4.0 dB

Connection Drawing Menu PCS Band = Nor th A mer ic a n Ban d Beep = Off Save Info To Memory Load Info Fro m Me mory

Scroll to and select PCS Band.

7 8

Configuration Information Menu

Return to Main Menu

Base Station Channel . . . . . . . . . 220

Base Station PN Offset . . . . . . . . 16

Base Station Reference Freq. . . 19.6608 MHz

Base Station Referenc e To . . . . SYNTH REF IN

Base Station Power Out . . . . . . . 1.00000 Watt(s)

TX Measurement Path Loss . . . . 0.5 dB

RX Measurement Path Loss . . . . 4.0 dB

Connection Drawing Menu PCS Band = Nor th A mer i c an Ba nd Beep = Off Save Info To Memory Load Info From Memory

Enter the value into the highli ghted field. The Software will compensate for cable loss, improving measurement accuracy.

Scroll to and select your band of interest. See "Selecting a PCS Band" on page 51.

PCS Band Selection Menu

North American Band Korean Band Proposal 0 Korean Band Proposal 1

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Step 3: Configure the Software

This completes t he required entr ies. You may now save you r entries or press the Main Menu (k5) ke y to retu rn

to the main menu. To save entr ies see, “Saving Config uration Information to Memory” in Chapter 3.

USER

User keys 1-5 correspond to the fields on the top right corner of the test set screen.

Step 4: Perform CDMA Tests

Now that you have successfully run the Softwa re and entered your configuration values, you can go on to making CDMA measurements. Refer to chapter 2, "Making Measurements" to see detailed steps for performing CDMA measurements.

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Step 4: Perform CDMA Tests

If You Had Problems

If you were unable to load and run the Software or make the required entries, refer to chapter 4, "Troubleshooting" for help.

Chapter 1, Getting Started

Step 4: Perform CDMA Tests

Making Measurements

This chapter contains descriptions of the most common receiver and transmitter tests perfor med o n CDMA b ase station equipment. For each test, requirements are listed and the steps to perform the measurement are provided.

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Overview

Overv iew

This chapter present s measure ment t asks most commonl y perform ed when te sti ng CDMA/PCS base station equipment. The measurements are separated by type: transmitter tests, followed by the receiver tests. For descriptions of general Software use, refer to chapter 3, "Operating Overview".

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this chapter require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Transmitter Measurements

Receiver Measurements

• "Ave r age P o w er " on pa g e 2 6

• "Modulation Qua lity (Rho)" on page 28

• "Code Domain Power" on page 30

• "Code Domain Timing" on pag e 32

• "Code Domain Phase" on page 34

• "Transmit Spectru m" on page 36

• "Receiver Se nsitivity" on page 40

• "Re ce iv er P er fo r m a n ce in Addit iv e N o ise" on pa g e 42

Other • "Search for PN Offset" on page 44

• "Check Even-Second Clock" on page 46

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Average Power

Overview Average power is a time-averaged broadband measurement of the transmitte d

signal strength at the RF IN/OUT port on the front panel of the PCS Interface.

The average power measurement is “uncorrelated”; it does not require the reference signals ( Even -Second clock and 19.6608 MHz timebase) needed for other tests.

Transmitter Port

RF IN/OUT

Figure 6

CAUTION: Before performing any transmitter measurements, make sure that the power level applied

to the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Interface does not exceed the published limit. For CDMA base station signals this is 1 Watt (+30 dBm). You may have to use an external attenuator or directional coupler, depending on the power output for your transmitter. Signal levels greater than the specified maximum can cause damage to the test equipment .

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • You should know the following about your base station and setup:

❒ The base station channel number setting.

• You must ha ve a m eans o f c ont rolling t he base st ation to t urn on the t ran smitte r, s et the channel number, and so fort h.

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 6.

2 In the main menu, enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter

being tested.

3 Set up the base station to transmit on the channel number entered in step 2. 4 From the main menu, choose Perform Average Power Measurements. 5 The resulting screen (see figure 7) will display average power (in Watts). The average

power displayed is correcte d for the loss value entered in the Configuration Information Menu under TX Measurement Path Loss.

6 You can change the measurement’s uni ts to milliwatts or dBm using USER keys k3 and

k4, respectively.

7 USER key k1 will re-zero the power meter. It is not necessary to remove power from

the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Interf ace to zero the power meter.

8 If you want to measure average power at another frequency, return to step 2. 9 Press the Main Menu (k5) key to return to the main menu.

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Avera g e Po wer

Zero Pow

Watts

1.28

In this ex am p le, loss throug h a 2 0 dB at t en ua tor was added to an additional 1 dB of cable loss.

dBm

Main Menu

Figure 7

Notes To minimize measurement errors due to temperature drift, occasional zeroing of

the power meter is recommended. An initial zeroing is perfor med when you enter the

Average Power measurement screen. It is not necessary to remove the

signal from the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Interface for zeroing.

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Modulation Quality (Rho)

Overview In this measurement, the modulated signal is compared to an ideal, refe ren ce

waveform to determine the pe rformance of the transmit ter’s modu lation cir cuitr y. Rho values are in the range of 0 to 1. A value of 1 indicates perfect correlation to the reference (high modula tion qua lity). CDMA base station standards require that transmitters have rho performance of 0.912 or higher.

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN

Transmitter Port Even-Second

Clock

Time Base

RF IN/OUT

(Rear Panel)

SYNTH REF IN

Figure 8

CAUTION: Before performing any transmitter measurements, make sure that the power level applied

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • Synchronizat ion is required, so you must hav e an Even-Second Clock signa l and a

reference timebase (typically 19.6608 MHz) from the base station.

• You mu s t h ave the ability to tr ansmi t th e pilot ch a nnel onl y (W a lsh 0).

• You must know the following about the base statio n and s etup:

❒ The base station channel number setting. ❒ The PN Offset for the base-stat ion-under-test. I f you do not know the PN Offset,

determine it by selecting Search for PN Offset in the main menu.

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 8.

2 In the main menu, enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter

being tested.

3 Also in the main menu, enter the Base Station PN Offset. 4 Set up the base station to transmit (pilot only) on the channel number entered in step 2. 5 Verify that the REF UNLOCK light on the front of th e Cellular Adapter is not lit. 6 Scroll to and select Measure Rho Parameters screen (see figure 9). 7 Read the value under the Rho field. 8 Read the values after the Time offset, Freq error, and Carrier ft fields. 9 Press the Main Menu (k5) key to return to the main menu.

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Modulation Quality (Rho)

Figure 9

Notes If the message CANNOT CORRELATE appears on the screen , see "C DMA

Measurement not Correlat ing" in chapter 4, "Troubleshooting, on page 69." For an on-screen summary of the possible causes and solutions, press the

Diagnose (k4) key.

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Code Domain Power

Overview The Code Domain Power measurement shows the relative power in eac h of the

Walsh channels of a transmitte d signal . Signal str ength of the Pilot, Paging, Sync, and Traffic chan nels are displayed (in dB).

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN

Transmitter Port Even-Second

Clock

Time Base

RF IN/OUT

(Rear Panel)

SYNTH REF IN

Figure 10

CAUTION: Before performing any transmitter measurements, make sure that the power level applied

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • You must have a means of tu rning on the base st ation t ransmit te r and ena bling va riou s

Walsh channels (Pilot, Sync, Traffic , and Paging).

• Synchronizat ion is required, so you must hav e an Even-Second clock signal a nd a reference timebase (typically 19.6608 MHz) from the base station.

• You must know the following about the base statio n and s etup:

❒ The base station channel number setting. ❒ The PN Offset for the base-stat ion-under-test. I f you do not know the PN Offset,

determine it by selecting Search for PN Offset in the main menu.

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 10.

2 In the main menu, enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter

being tested.

3 Also in the main menu, enter the Base Station PN Offset. 4 Scroll to and se lect Go to Code Domain Analyzer Screen. 5 Verify that the Measurement field at the bottom of the displ ay is set to Power. If it

is not, scroll down and set it to Power.

6 Turn on your base station transmitter. 7 If the signal is c orrela ted, you shoul d see a di spla y si milar to th at of figu re 11, s howin g

the pilot channel’s level (Walsh code 0) and any other Sync, Paging, or Traff ic channels that are active.

8 To ret u r n to the main menu pre s s SH I F T , th en k1 , th e n E N T E R .

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Code Domain Power

Figure 11 Code domain power display with a number of traffic channels enabled.

Notes The Tune Freq displayed at the bottom of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen

does not indicate the true tune d freq uency of the Test System. The tuned frequency is calc ulated f rom you r entry for viewed at the bottom of the main menu sc reen. Do not make changes to the Tune

Freq

setting of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen.

If you are planning to test C ode Domain Timing or Code Domain Phase, you can use the

Measurement field to activate them without ha ving to return to the main

menu. Refer to the HP 83203B or 83205A Cellular Adapter User’s Guide for more

details on the use of the Code Domain Power screen.

Base Station Channel and can be

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Code Domain Timing

Overview Similar to the Code Domain Power test, this measur ement shows the timing

relationship bet ween the various Walsh channels and the Pilot channel.

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN

Transmitter Port Even-Second

Clock

Time Base

RF IN/OUT

(Rear Panel)

SYNTH REF IN

Figure 12

CAUTION: Before performing any transmitter measurements, make sure that the power level applied

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • You must have a means of tu rning on the base st ation t ransmit te r and ena bling va riou s

Walsh channels (such as Pilot, Sync, Traffic , an d Paging).

• Synchronizat ion is required, so you must hav e an Even-Second clock signal a nd a reference timebase (typically 19.6608 MHz) from the base station.

• You must know the following about the base statio n and s etup:

❒ The base station channel number setting. ❒ The PN Offset for the base-stat ion-under-test. I f you do not know the PN Offset,

determine it by selecting Search for PN Offset in the main menu.

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 12.

2 In the main menu, enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter

being tested.

3 Also in the main menu, enter the Base Station PN Offset. 4 Scroll to and se lect Go to Code Domain Analyzer Screen. 5 Scroll to the Measurement field at the bottom of the display an d se t to Timing (if

not already selected).

6 Turn on your base stat ion transmit ter with the Pilot, Sync, Traffic, and Paging ch annels

enabled.

7 You should now see a display of relat ive timing, as shown in figure 13. 8 If you need to re-scale the vertical resolutio n, s elect Controls:Marker and then

scroll to the Time/div field and select from settings of 1 to 50 ns.

9 To return to the main m e nu pr ess SHI F T , th en k1 , th e n E N T E R .

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Code Domain Timing

Figure 13

Notes The Tune Freq displa yed at the bottom of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen

does not indicate the true tune d freq uency of the Test System. The tuned frequency is calc ulated f rom you r entry for Base Station Channel a nd can be viewed at the bottom of the main menu sc reen. Do not make changes to the

Freq

setting of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen.

If you are planning to test Code Domain Power or Code Domain Phase, you can use the

Measurement field to activate them without ha ving to return to the main

menu. Refer to the HP 83203B or 83205A Cellular Adapter User’s Guide for more

details on the use of the

CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen.

Tune

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Code Domain Phase

Overview Similar to the Code Domain Power measurement, thi s measurement shows the

relative phase relationship of the various Walsh channels referenced to the pilot channel (Walsh 0).

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN

Transmitter Port Even-second

Clock

Time Base

RF IN/OUT

(Rear Panel)

SYNTH REF IN

Figure 14

CAUTION: Before performing any transmitter measurements, make sure that the power level applied

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter and bringing up

various Walsh channels (such as Pilot, Sync, Tra ffic, and Paging).

• Synchronizat ion is required, so you must hav e an Even-Second clock signal a nd a reference timebase (typically 19.6608 MHz) from the base station.

• You must know the following about the base statio n and s etup:

❒ The base station channel number setting. ❒ The PN Offset for the base-stat ion-under-test. I f you do not know the PN Offset,

determine it by selecting Search for PN Offset in the main menu.

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 14.

2 In the main menu, enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter

being tested.

already selected).

6 Turn on your base stat ion tran smitter wit h the Pilot, Sync, Traffi c, and Pagi ng channels

enabled.

7 You should now see a display of relat ive phase, as shown in figure 15. 8 If you need to re-scale the vertical resolutio n, s elect Controls:Marker and then

scroll to the Phase/div field and se le ct from sett ing s of 1 to 5 0 mR ad (mil li rad ia ns) .

9 To ret urn to the main menu pre s s S H I F T, then k1 , th en ENT ER.

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Code Domain Phase

Figure 15

Notes The Tune Freq displa yed at the bottom of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen

Freq

setting of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen.

If you are planning to t es t Code Domain Power or Code Domain Timing , you can use the menu.

Refer to the HP 83203B or 83205A Cellular Adapter User’s Guide for more details on the use of the

Measurement field to activate them without ha ving to return to the main

CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen.

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Transmit Spectrum

Overview It is often useful to l ook at the transmitt er sig nal with the spe ctru m analyzer to se e

its overall symmetry and occupi ed bandwidth, and to ident ify poten tial sources of interference . This se ct ion details two methods for accessing the spec trum analyzer:

• Go to the spectrum anal yzer with the current channel as the center frequency, see "Steps: Go to Spectrum Analyzer @ Present Chan" on page 37

• Go to the spectrum analyzer after entering a new center frequency, see "Steps: Go to Spectrum Analyzer & Enter Freq" on page 38

Transmitter Port

RF IN/OUT

Figure 16

CAUTION: Before performing any transmitter measurements, make sure that the power level applied

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter with modulation (if

looking at the trans mitted signal ) .

• You must know the following about the base statio n and s etup: ❒ The base station channel number setting (if looking at the transm itted signal).

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Transmit Spectrum

Steps: Go to Spectrum Analyzer @ Present Chan

1 Connect the equipment as shown in fig ure 16. 2 In the main menu, enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter

being tested.

3 Turn on your base station transmitter. 4 Scroll to and se lect Go to Spectrum Analyzer @ Present Chan. The

spectrum analyzer displ ay will appear and the center frequency wil l be set to match the channel number entered in step 2 (see figure 17).

5 Use th e Controls area (set to Main) in the lower part of the sp ectrum analyz er

screen to make changes to the reference level and span settings as desired. Set the Controls field to Marker to use marker functions.

6 To return to the main m e nu pr ess SHI F T , th en k1 , th e n E N T E R .

Note that the Marker Frequency readout is corrected to read the actual PCS frequency.

Figure 17

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Transmit Spectrum

Steps: Go to Spectrum Analyzer & Enter Freq

NOTE: Your change to the attenuation value, if you make one, will only be effective while using

1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 16. 2 Turn on your base station transmitter. 3 In the main menu, scroll to and select Go to Spectrum Analyzer & Enter

Freq.

4 The PCS Interface analyzer attenuati on se tting will ap pear in the field labelled

HP83236 Input Attenuator. This value is optimized based on your entries for base station p ower and cable los ses. Howe ver, you can make chang es to t he value using the HP83236 Input Attenuator field be fore going to the spec trum analyz er and viewing the signal. For example, you may want to reduce the attenuation to improve the signal strength relative to that of the spe ctrum analyzer nois e floor. Make the change now if you want a different attenuation value (range is 0 to 40 dB).

the spectrum analyzer screen. When you return to the main menu, the value will be re-set to the computed op t imum va lu e .

5 Scroll to and select Spectrum Analyzer Freq. 6 Enter the frequency of interes t using th e DATA keys (the rang e is 1710 to 1990 MHz)

and press ENTER .

7 Scroll to and select Go to Spectrum Analyzer Screen to see the spectrum

analyzer display (see figure 18). The center fr eque ncy of the displayed signal matches the frequency you entered in step 6.

8 Use the Controls area (set to Main) in the lower part of the spectrum analyzer

screen to make changes to the reference level and span settings as desired. Set the Controls field to Marker to use marker functions.

9 To return to the main m e nu pr ess SHI F T , th en k1 , th e n E N T E R .

Figure 18

Note that the Marker Frequency readout is corrected t o r ead the actual PCS frequency.

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Transmit Spectrum

Notes For either spectrum analyzer mode (Go To Spectrum Analyzer @ Present

Chan

or Go To Spectrum Analyzer & Enter Freq), do not make changes

to RF port selections, tune freque ncy, or other “setup” fields. You may change spectrum-analyz er-specific settings suc h as Ref level, Span, and Marker.

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Receiver Sensitivity

Receiver Sensit ivity

Overview In this test, the CDMA generator sends a calibrated signal to the base station’s

receiver. For a given RF level, the resulting Frame Error Rate (FER) is measured. Standards specify an FER of 1.0% or less at an RF level of

−119 dBm.

Receiver Port 1

Receiver Port 2

Even-second Clock

Time Base

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN

RF IN/OUT

(Rear Panel)

SYNTH REF IN

Figure 19

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • You will need a means of reading the Frame Error Rate (FER) from the base station.

The CDMA generator sends a random bit pattern which the base station decodes and uses to calculate FER. Some means of reading the calcul ated value is required. Often this is done via a laptop PC connected to the station equipment by serial or LAN port.

• This test requires synchroni zati on bet ween the Test System’s CDMA signal generato r and the base-station-under-test. This is achieved using the Even-Second clock signa l from the base st a tion.

• The CDMA generator shoul d be connect ed directl y to t he receive r’s inpu t(s). This can be achieved by conne cting to only one input at a time or by using a spl itter to connect to both inputs at once (if there is more than one receiver test port).

• You must know the following about your base station an d setup:

❒ The base station channel number setting. ❒ The Receiver PN Offset for the base-station-under-test (typically 0).

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 19.

2 In the main menu, enter the Base Station Channel number. 3 Scroll to and se lect Setup CDMA Generator. 4 Scroll to RF Level and enter the signal generator level for your sensitivity

measurement (in dBm).

5 Scroll to and set the Generator Mode to Data. 6 Scroll to and set the RX PN Offset, typically to 0. 7 Scroll to and se t the Data Source to Random. 8 At this time, the CDMA generator is sending random data at the lev el you entered in

step 4.

9 You can now read the calculated FER from the PC or other means. 10 If desired, use the RF Level selection to change the signal strength and read the

resu lting F ER.

11 To ret u r n to th e main me nu, press the Main Menu (k5) key.

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Receiver Sensitivity

Figure 20

Notes The cable loss (includin g losses through splitters, couplers, and so forth) entered

into the Configuration Information Menu screen is taken into account when signal generator RF level set tings are made. The level at the PCS Interface RF IN/OUT port is increased by the lo ss am ount so the displayed RF level

indicates the true leve l del ivered to the base station’s receive r test port(s). The field

testing, if required. Normally, mobiles transmit on system time which corresponds to an offset of 0 (the default va lue in the Software menu).

RX PN Offset is provided for you to change the offset for your

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Receiver Performance in Additive Noise

Overview In this test, the CDMA signal generator is used with the Additive White Gaus sian

Noise (AWGN) source to si mulate an uplin k signa l to the base stat ions’s r eceiver . Various levels of signal -to-noise (E Error Rate (FER) is measured at each Eb/No level.

) can be used and the resulting Frame

b/No

Receiver Port 1

Receiver Port 2

Even-second Clock

Time Base

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN

RF IN/OUT

(Rear Panel)

SYNTH REF IN

Figure 21

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • You will need a means of reading the Frame Error Rate (FER) from the base station.

• You must know the following about your base station an d setup:

❒ The base station channel number setting. ❒ The Receiver PN Offset for the base-station-under-test (typically 0).

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Receiver Performance in Additive Noise

Steps 1 Make the equipment connections as shown in figure 21.

2 On th e ma in menu scre en , en t er th e Base Station Channel number. 3 Scroll to and se lect Setup CDMA Generator. 4 Set the Generator Mode to Eb/No. Note that a new field appears called

Eb/No Level.

5 Set the Eb/No Level as called for in the test standard or in your base station test

procedures (for example, 5.5 dB).

6 Scroll to and set the RX PN Offset, typically to 0. 7 Scroll to and se t the Data Source to Random. 8 Set the RF Level as called for in your test procedure. 9 At this point, the CDMA si gnal generator is transmitti ng with random data and noise.

Read the resulting Frame Error Rate from the base station.

10 If desired, change th e Eb/No Level according your test procedure and read the

resulting FER value.

11 When finished, return to the ma in menu by pressing the Main Menu (k5) USER key.

Figure 22

Notes The cable loss (includin g losses through splitters, couplers, and so forth) entered

indicates the true leve l del ivered to the base station’s receive r test port(s). The field

testing, if required. Normally, mobiles transmit on system time which corresponds to an offset of 0 (the default va lue in the Software menu).

RX PN Offset is provided for you to change the offset for your

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Search for PN Offset

Overview If you are unsure of the PN offset for the tr ansmitter and channel you plan to test,

the Software provides this utility to search for and display the PN offset.

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN

Transmitter Port Even-second

Clock

Time Base

RF IN/OUT

(Rear Panel)

SYNTH REF IN

Figure 23

CAUTION: Before performing any transmitter measurements, make sure that the power level applied

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter with modulation.

• You must know the following about the base statio n and s etup: ❒ The base station channel number setting.

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Search fo r PN Offset

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 23.

2 In the main menu, enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter

being tested.

3 Turn on your base station transmitter (pilot channel must be on). 4 Scroll to and select Search for PN Offset and the Software will begin the

search. The Softw ar e will se arch for the PN offset in segments, displaying a message on the screen to show which segment is being searched.

5 When the Software has found the PN Offset, you should see a dis play of the offset:

PN OFFSET = 24

NOTE: When the So ftwar e f in ds th e PN Of fset , it wil l ins er t t he va lue au toma tica lly in to the Base

Station PN Offset field on the main menu screen.

Notes During the search, the following error message will often appear:

Cannot correlate to input signal. Check setup.

This is norma l for the Search for PN Offset. If the Software i s un abl e to find the PN Offset, it will display the message:

PN OFFSET NOT FOUND

If you decide to a bort (stop) the PN offset search, press the Main Menu (k5) key. There can be a delay of several seconds before you see the main menu displa y.

See the secti on on PN Offs et in " CDMA Measurement not Cor relatin g" in chapter 4, "Troubleshooting, on page 69.".

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Check Even-Second Clock

Check Even-Seco nd Clo ck

Overview Most CDMA transmitter t es ts require an Even-Second clock signal from the base

station in order to correlate the measur e ment. If you are rece iving an error stating

Cannot correlate to input signal. Check setup. , you may have a

problem with your Even- Second clock signal. This Software utility allows you to check for a valid clock signal from the base station.

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN

Even-Second Clock

Time Base

(Rear Panel)

SYNTH REF IN

Figure 24

NOTE: The test procedures outlined in this se ction require that you have already configured the

Test System as outlined in chapter 1, "Getting Started".

Requirements • This test requires that you temporari ly connect the Even-Second clock signal to the

TRIGGER / QUALIFIER IN port of the Cellular Adapter.

NOTE: Be sure to return the Even-Second clock signa l to the EVEN SECOND / SYNC IN port of

the Cellular Adapter when finished. The Software will prompt you to make this change.

Chapte r 2, M ak ing Measurements

Check Even-Second Clock

Steps 1 You can start wi th th e con nec ti on s sho wn in figure 24. You will get prompts from the

Software to change the Even-Second clock connection when needed.

2 In the main menu, scroll to and select Check Even Second Clock. 3 You will have to make a change to the connections, as shown on the display. Switch

the Even-Second cloc k signal from the EVEN SECOND/SYNC IN port to the TRIGGER/QUALIFIER IN port on the Cellular Adapter. Once you have made the connection, press the Continue (k2) key.

4 The Software will beg in checking for a valid cl ock signal. This will take a few secon ds.

When it has found a valid signal, you will se e the message EVEN SECOND CLOCK

FOUND. If the Software finds no valid clock, you will see the message NO CLOCK FOUND. In that c as e, see the documentation o n your base station to verify that you are

connecti ng to th e co r rec t p ort a nd t o s ee if any swi tch es m ust b e s et to enab le t he c loc k signal.

5 To go on, press the Continue (k2) key. 6 Reconnect the Eve n-Second cl ock signal c onnection t o the EVEN SE COND/SYNC port

on the Cellular Adapter. After you have done this, press the Continue (k2) key to return to the main menu.

Notes See the section on the clock timing signal in "CDMA Measurement not

Correlating" in chapter 4, "Troubleshooting, on page 69."

Chapter 2, Making Measurements

Check Even-Second Clock

Operating Overview

This chapter describes general operation of the Software.

Operating Overview

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Overview

This chapter provides detail on Softwa re operations not covered in chapter 1, "Getting Started" or chapter 2, "Making Measurements".

Configuration Information

Reference Information

• "Selecting a PCS Band" on page 51

• "Compensating for TX and RX Measurement Path Loss" on page 53

• "Saving Configuration Information to Memory" on page 54

• "Loading Configura tion Information from Memory" on page 55

• "Purging Configuration Information from Memory" on pag e 56

• "Using Autostart" on page 57

• "Viewing Instrument Connections" on page 58

• "Setting the Test System “Beep”" on pag e 59

• "An Alternativ e Test -S ystem-to-Base-Station Timebas e Configuration" on page 60

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Selecting a PCS Band

With the HP 83236B PCS Interface, the Software supports sever al “channel plans” used i n PCS sy ste ms inter nationa lly. By se lecting the appropr iate plan, you can use channe l number s (r ather than f requencie s) t o tu ne the si gna l gener ator a nd analyzer for testi ng.

NOTE: If you use the HP 83236A P CS Interf ace, only th e North Am erica n Band i s support ed, a nd

the procedure described on this page does not ap ply.

The band choices in this revision of Software are:

• North American Band

• Korean Band Proposal 0

• Korean Band Proposal 1

Steps To select a new PCS Band:

1 From the main men u, sc roll to and s e lect Confi guration Information Menu. 2 Scroll to and se lect PCS Band. 3 Choose one of the band choi ces by scrol ling to it and pre ssing the knob. The choice will

then appear in the Configuration Information Menu.

4 To ret u r n to th e main me nu level, press th e Main Menu (k5) key.

Notes Once you’ve selected the appropr ia te channel plan, all you need to do to tune the

Test System is enter the channel number in the Base Station Channel field . The Test System makes t he conversio n to a f requenc y and tunes the gene rator and analyzer. If you would like to know the frequency settings for a given channel number and PCS Band combination, refer to table 1 on page 52.

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Selecting a PCS Band

Table 1 Channel plans for PCS Band selections.

PCS Band Channel Plan To calculate the transmitter frequency:

North American Band Channel range: 0 to 1199

Transmitter frequencies: 1930 to 1989.95 MHz Offset: −80 MHz Channel spacing: 50 kHz

Korean Band Proposal 0 Channel range: 0 to 1300

Transmitter frequencies: 1805 to 1870 MHz Offset: −90 MHz Channel spacing: 50 kHz

Korean Band Proposal 1 Channel range: 1 to 1300

Transmitter frequencies: 1805 to 1870 MHz Offset: −90 MHz Channel spacing: 50 kHz

TX freq = (channel × 0.05) + 1930 MHz RX freq = (channel × 0.05) +1850 MHz

TX freq = (channel × 0.05) + 1805 MHz RX freq = (channel × 0.05) +1715 MHz

Channels 1 to 600: TX freq = (channel × 0.05) + 1840 MHz RX freq = (channel × 0.05) +1750 MHz Channels 601 to 1300: TX = ((channel − 600) × 0.05) + 1805 MHz RX = ((channel − 600) × 0.05) +1715 MHz

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Compensating for TX and RX Measurement Path Loss

The Software can compensate for losse s (t hrough cables, attenuators, couplers, and so forth) between the Te st Sys tem and t he ba se statio n f or the be st accuracy in average power and receiver measurements. The loss values are entered into the

Configuration Information Menu and are saved to memory if the Save Info To Memory

Requirements You must know the following loss values:

• The total loss (in dB) between the base station’s transmitter test port and the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Interface.

• The total loss (in dB) between the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Interface and the base station’s receiver test port.

feature is used.

These values should include losse s through any cables, splitters, a ttenuators, and directional couple rs used in your test setup.

Steps 1 From the main menu, select Configuration Information Menu.

2 Scroll to and sele ct TX Measurement Path Loss and ente r the lo ss b etw een the

transmitter’s test por t and the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Int erface. Once sele cted, you can use the knob to scroll up a nd down in 1 dB increments or you may enter the value directly using the DATA keys. Press ENTER or the knob when the correct value appears in the inverse field.

3 Scroll to and select RX Measurement Path Loss and enter the total los s between

the PCS Interface’s RF IN/OUT port and the receiver’s test port.

4 To ret u r n to th e main me nu, press the Main Menu (k5) key.

Notes The loss valu es you ente red in the steps above will not be save d unl ess you use the

Save Info to Memory feature. See "Saving Configuration Information to

Memory" on page 54.

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Saving Configuration Information to Memory

Saving Configuration In f or m at ion to Memor y

The information about your set up and base station entered into the

Configuration Information Menu can be saved to memory. This saves

time when running the Software at a later date and hel ps to prevent entry errors. The stored data is loaded automat ically any time you re-run the Software. If you make changes to th e on-scre en values and you want to retur n to your def aults, you can also load the stored data manually.

Requiremen ts • An initialize d RAM disk . (T he firs t time you run the Software it will set up and

initialize the RAM disk automat ically.)

NOTE: A “RAM disk” is a virtual memory loca tion that uses a small portion of internal

non-volatile RAM of the Test Set. No memory card is required to save and load configurations.

Steps 1 From the main menu, choose the Configuration Information Menu.

2 Check to make sure that the f ollowing entries in the Configuration

Information Menu are set with your desired values:

❒ Base Station Channel ❒ Base Station PN Offset ❒ Base Station Reference Freq ❒ Base Station Reference To ❒ Base Station Power Out ❒ TX Measurement Path Loss ❒ RX Measurement Path Loss ❒ PCS Band ❒ Beep

3 Scroll down to Save Info To Memory and press the knob. Th e screen will be

updated and the stora ge will be complete.

4 To return to the main m e nu level, pr ess the Main Menu (k5) key.

Notes See "Loading Configuration Information from Memory" on page 55 for a

description of how your saved values can be reloaded. See "Purging Configuration Infor mation from Memory" on page 56 for a

description of how to clear the saved values.

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Loading Configuration Information from Memory

Loading Conf igu r at ion Information from Memory

The information about your set up and base station entered into the

Configuration Information Menu can be saved in memory. This data is

loaded automatically whe n you re-run the Software. You can also load the data manually. This procedure des cribes steps for manually loading the data .

Requiremen ts • Data previously saved to a RAM disk.

Steps 1 From the main menu, choose the Configuration Information Menu.

2 Scroll down to Load Info From Memory and press the kn ob. T he loa di ng proc ess

takes only a fraction of a second. You should see your saved values in the Configuration Information Menu.

3 To ret u r n to th e main me nu level, press th e Main Menu (k5) key.

Notes See "Saving Configuration Information to Memory" on page 54 for a descriptio n

of saving the settings to memory.

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Purging Configuration Information from Memory

Purging Conf igu r at ion In f ormation from Mem or y

The information about your set up and base station entered into the

Configuration Information Menu can be saved in memory. This data is

loaded automatically whe n you re-run the Software. In some instances however, you might wish to use default data. If so, you must clear your saved values from memory. This procedure describe s steps for manually purging the memory.

Requiremen ts • Data previously saved to a RAM disk.

Steps 1 From the main menu, choose the Configuration Information Menu.

2 Scroll down to Purge Info From Memory and press the knob. Th e purging

process takes only a fraction of a sec ond. The next time the Software is run, the Configuration Information Menu will be loade d with default values.

3 To ret urn to the main menu level, pre s s th e Main Menu (k5) key.

Notes The fact that configuration information has been purged from memory is shown

in the Configuration Information Menu whenever you purge the data manually, using the steps outlined above.

See "Saving Configuration Information to Memory" on page 54 for a description of saving the settings to memory.

Using Autostart

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Using Autostart

“Autostart” is a feature of the Test Set’s IBASIC controller and is used to customize the instrumen t for a speci fic task. The autostart feature allows you to “flip a switch” to configure the Test Set to aut omatically ru n whatever program is currently s tored in its non-volatile memory when the instrument is fir st turned on.

Turning On the Autostart Feature

Turning Off the Autostart Feature

If you would like your Test System to “boot up” into the main menu of the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software screen, follow these ste ps:

1 Scroll to and se lect Go to Spectrum Analyzer @ Present Chan. This is

done only to pause the Software in a known state.

2 Press the TESTS key. 3 Scroll to and select Execution Cond. 4 Scroll to the last field at the bottom of the screen and set Autostart Test

Procedure on Power-up to On

5 To return to the Software’s main menu press SHIFT, then k1, then ENTER.

With this setting, whenever you apply power to the Test Set it will automatically run the Software pr ogram loaded in non-vola tile memory. This wi ll configure the

Test Set to act as a “CDMA tester” (assuming that the CDMA/PCS Software is loaded) and saves steps in testing.

If you power up t he Test Set later and wa nt to use other manual functions, sim ply

Quit (k5) from the main menu and then select the other function.

select

Turning the autostart fea ture off is done using the steps above, except you would set the Autostart Test Procedure on Power-up mode to Off.

Notes The autostart feature continues to work even if you load and r un another program

on the Test Set. The new pr ogram will be auto matically r un the next tim e you turn on the Test Set.

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Viewing Instrument Connections

In setting up your Test System, you may have questions about connections between the Test Set, Cellular Adapter, and PCS Interface as well as the connections to the CDMA/PCS base stati on. I n the Configuration

Information Menu

front and rear panels.

Steps 1 From the main menu, select Configuration Information Menu.

2 Make sure that you have your desired entries in the fields of the Configuration

Information Menu (see Notes, below).

3 Scroll to and se lect Connection Drawing Menu. 4 For a diagram of front panel connections, scroll to and select Show Instrument

Front Panel Connections.

5 For rear panel conne ction s, s croll to and sele ct Show Instrument Rear Panel

Connections.

6 You can exit the connection diagram screen by pressing the Continue (k2) key. 7 Press the Prev Menu (k5) key to return to the Configuration Information

Menu.

8 Press the Main Menu (k5) key to return to the main menu level.

is a selection that displa ys connection diagrams for the

Notes The connection diagrams change as a function of the entries into the

Configuration Information Menu. For this reason, make sure you have

entered your desired value s bef ore viewing the instrument connections. Connection diagrams for each CDMA test are also shown in chapter 2, "Making

Measurements".

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

Setting the Test System “Beep”

The Software can provide an audio tone (bee p) to let you know when selections are made in the menu screens. This beep sounds when you change menu screens, choose an entry field, and when you complete an entry.

In its default mode, the beep functio n is set to a medium volume (Quiet). You can customize the beep function as foll ows:

• If you don’t want to hear the beep at all, you can turn it off.

• For noisy environments, you can set the beep to a high volume (Loud).

Steps 1 From the main menu, select Configuration Information Menu.

2 Scroll to an d select Beep. 3 Use the cursor to scroll and choose one of the three options (Off, Quiet, or Loud). 4 Press the Main Menu (k5) key to return to the main menu level.

Notes The beep level you set will not be saved unless you use the Save Info to

Memory

feature. See "Saving Configuration Information to Memory" on page 54 .

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

An Alternative Test-System-to-Base-Station Timebase Configuration

An Alternative Test -Sy st em-to -Ba s e-Station Timebase Config ura tion

Chapter 1 describes the most common method of connecting timebases between the Test System and the base- station -under-te st. This se ction shows a n alternati ve way of connecting the timebases using the CDMA TIMEBASE IN port of the CDMA Cellular Adapter (rather than the rear-panel SYNTH REF IN port).

Steps 1 Connect the timebases a s shown i n figure 25. Note the conne ction s from the BNC “tee”

on the Test Set’s 10 MHz REF OUTPUT to both the Cellular Adapter and the PCS Interface.

NOTE: This figure does not illustrate all rear-panel connections between the Cell ular Adapter and

Test Se t . Refer to th e Cellular Ad apter User’s Guide to ver ify these connections.

2 From the main menu, select Configuration Information Menu. 3 Note the selection for the Base Station Reference To field. If it is s e t to

SYNTH REF IN, scroll down to the line and press the knob to change it to read CDMA TB IN. Otherwise, you may skip this step.

4 Note the selecti on fo r Base Station Reference Freq . If it does not matc h th e

timebase frequency supplied by the base station (typically 19.6608 MHz or 10 MHz), scroll to the line , pre ss the knob, and select the appropriate value.

5 To return to the main m e nu , press the Main Menu (k5) key.

Notes The timebase settings you made in the steps above will not be saved unless you

use the Save Info to Memory feature. See "Saving Config urati on Informatio n to Memory" on page 54.

CDMA Base Station

Even-Second Clock

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

An Alternative Test-System-to-Base-Station Timebase Configuration

CDMA TIMEBASE IN

EVEN SECOND/ SYNC IN

83205A

RF IN/OUTTORF IN/OUT

POWER

CDMA CELLULAR ADAPTER

TRIGGER / QUALIFIE R

MAX.PWR

83236B

PCS INTERFACE

ONOFF

DATA

CDMA

EVEN SEC -

TIMEBASE

OND/

SYNC IN

TEST SET

FROM D UPLEX OU T TO ANT IN

PWR REF

UNLOCK

DIAGNOSTIC

MONITOR

1.228 8 M H z

19.6608 MHz

OUT

16 X CHIP

1.8-2.0 GH z UUT

RF IN/OUT RF OUT only

19.6608 MHz Clock (or other reference)

SYNTH REF IN

Figure 25

HP - IB

REF IN

CDMA CLOCK OUTPUTS

CONTROL I/OSYNTH REF IN10 MHz OUT

RF INIQRF OUT

AUX

DSP IN

Q BASEB AND OUT

10 MHz REF OUT

OPTIONAL MOD OUT

SERIAL PORT

I BASEB AND OUT

114.3 MHz IF IN

10 MHz REF OU TPUT

(A BNC “tee” is required to make these connections)

Chapter 3, Operating Overview

An Alternative Test-System-to-Base-Station Timebase Configuration

Troubleshooting

Use this chapte r if you ha ve e ncountered S oftware e rrors o r if you ar e questionin g measurement results.

Troubleshooti ng

Chapter 4, Troubleshooting

Overview

Use table 2 to locate your problem or a received error message, then refer to the page number shown.

Problem or error message Refer to:

Memory overflow errors "Memory Overflow Errors" on page 65 Message: HP-IB Command not accepted. Option not

installed.

Message: Verify PCS Interface is connected and on. Retry? Message: Compensation not performed. Check DUPLEX

OUT cable. Retry?

Configuration Information is not updated "Configuration Information is Not

The menu screens you see do not match those in this book "Menu Screens in this Book do not

Loading and running the software

Message: Cannot correlate to input signal. Check setup. "CDMA Measurement not Correlating"

Unable to read frame error rate (FER) or unexpectedly high readings (receiver tests)

Measuremen ts

Average power "Average Power" on page 73 Modulation quality (rho) "Rho Measurements" on page 74 Code domain power, timing, or phase "Code Domain Measurements " on page

"Test System Configuration Errors at Runtime" on page 66

"Other Test System Configuration Errors" on page 67

Updated as Saved" on page 67

Match the Sc reens th at You See" on p age 68

on page 69 "Frame Error Rate (Receiver

Measurements)" on page 71

Receiver tests "Receiver Test s" on page 74

Questionable Measurement Results

Table 2

Errors When Loading and Running the Software

Chapte r 4, T roublesho ot ing

Memory Overflow Errors

Problem:

The random access memory (RAM) space of the Test Set is shared by IBASIC programs and the Save/Recall storage r egisters. If yo u have saved a large num ber

of registers in your Te st Set , you may e ncounter a “memory overf low” e rror when you first attempt to load the Software.

Solution:

You will need to cle ar up some RAM space by dele ting some or all of your saved registers. You can do this selectively (one register at a time) or you can clear all storage registers a t once (gl obally).

NOTE: Clearing the registers, whether selectively or globally, is permanent. You cannot retrieve

the registers once de leted. You have an option to save registers to a RAM memory card, as well. Consult the HP 8921 User’s Guide for instructions on this procedure.

To Clear a Single Register at a Time: 1 Press the RECA LL key.

2 Scroll the cursor to the registe r to be deleted. 3 Press the ON/OFF key. 4 Press the YES key (same key) to confirm. 5 The re g is t e r is cleared .

To Clear All Save Registers: 1 Press the RECA LL key.

2 Scroll down to *Clr All* and press the knob. 3 Press the YES (ON/OFF) key to confirm. 4 All Save registers are now clea red.

Chapter 4, Troubleshooting

Errors When Loading and Running the Software

Test System Configuration Errors at Runtime

Problem:

When it is first run, the Software checks to see that all required elements of a CDMA/PCS Test System are present. If it does not find a CDMA Cellular Adapter or a PCS Interface, it will repo rt the following errors:

HP-IB Command not accepted. Option not installed.:

This error will be reported if the Software cannot “find” the CDMA Cellular Adapter as an installed option on the Test Set.

Solution: 1 Make sure that your are using either the HP 83203B or HP 83205A CDMA Cellular

Ada p te r in y ou r T est Syste m .

2 Verify that you have supplied the Cellular Adapter with AC power. The front-panel

PWR light should be illuminated.

3 If the unit is powere d on and you s till get thi s mess age, you will ne ed to c heck the rear-

panel connections between the Test Set and Cellular Adapter, especially the CONTROL I/O cable between the two units. Refer to the Installation chapter of the

Cellular Adapter’s manual for connections.

Verify PCS Interface is connected and on. Retry?:

This error will be reported if the Software cannot “find” the HP 83236B PCS Interface on the HP-IB bus.

Solution: 1 Verify that you have supplied the PCS Int erface with AC power and that the POWER

switch is on. The front-panel POWER light should be illuminated.

2 If the unit is powered on and you still get this message, check the rear-panel HP-IB

connection between the Test Set and Cellular Adapter.

3 Confirm that the rear-pane l HP -IB Address Selector switch is set to “HP-IB” (not

“Ser”). If the switch is in the wrong posit ion, correct it and cycle power on the PCS Interface.

Chapte r 4, T roublesho ot ing

Errors When Loading and Running the Software

Other Test System Configuration Errors

Configuration Information is Not Updated as Saved

Problem :

Additional errors can be rep ort ed when using the Software, depending on which measurement modes are being used:

Compensation not performed. Check DUPLEX OUT cable. Retry?

This error can be r eported if the cabli ng be tween the Test S et and PCS Int erf ace is not correct.

Solution: 1 Make sure t here is a cab le con necti ng th e FROM DUP LEX PORT of the P CS In terfac e

to the DUPLEX OUT port of the Test Set.

2 If the error persists, try replacing the cable with a new one.

Problem:

If you have used the Save Info to Memory feature of the Configuration

Information Menu

, your configuration should be loaded when the Software is

first run. You can also load it at any later tim e in the Configuration

Information Menu

. If you notice that the Configuration Information is not

being updated, it is most likely because the file is not being found.

Solution:

Make sure that the previously sav ed Confi guration Information is in memory. If the information is not in memory, yo u will have to repeat the save procedur e. See "Saving Configurat ion Information to Memory" in chapter 3, "Operati ng Overview," on page 54.

Chapter 4, Troubleshooting

Errors When Loading and Running the Software

Menu Screens in this Bo o k do not Match the Screens that You See

Problem:

You may have loaded another software procedure from the utility software memory card that is s hipped with each PCS Inter face. Proc edur es for Test S ystem Connectivity (SYS_CONN) and Manual Control (MANUAL) also reside on the memory card and are loaded in the same manner as the CDMA/PCS BS test software.

Solution: 1 Return to the main menu. If it does not read CDMA PCS Main Menu at the top of the

display, you most likely have another program loade d and running.

2 Pause the program by pressing the CANCEL key and press the TESTS key. In the

TESTS menu, the Procedure Filename should be PCSCDMA.

3 If not, follow t he steps in "Ge tting S tarted" in chapter 1 to load a nd run t he CDMA/PCS

BS test software.

Errors While Attempting Measurements

Chapte r 4, T roublesho ot ing

Errors While Attempting Measurements

CDMA Measurement not Correlating

Problem:

If your Test System is not set up correctly for some of the tests, you may see the following message posted at the top of the display:

Cannot correlate to input signal. Check setup.

The error message can appear while in many of the menus, but it will affect the following main menu selecti ons:

• Go to Code Domain Analyzer Screen

• Measure Rho Parameters

NOTE: For an on-screen summary of the possibl e causes and solut ion s, press the Diagnose (k4)

key.

Possible causes and solutions: 1 Base Station Channel entry.

The Software tunes the Test System to the tra nsmitter frequency based on your e ntry for Base Station Channel. The ent ry must match the cha nnel your base stat ion is set to trans mit on. Verify th e channel number entry in the Base Station Channel field on the main menu screen. If you want to verify the fre quency the Test System is tuned to, se e the TX Freq setting at the bottom o f the m ain menu screen.

2 PN Offset entry.

For proper correla tion, you must enter the PN Offset value that matches that o f the transmitter being tested. Check the entr y in the main menu level. If you do not know the PN offset, see "Search for PN Offset" on page 44

3 Missing an Even-Second clock timing signal.

You must have access to the Even-Second clock signal from the base station to achieve proper correlation to the CDMA signal. Verify that the signal is accessible and make sure that it is connected to the EVEN SECOND/SYNC IN port on front of the Cellular Adapter. Check to be sure that any hardware switching ne eded to tur n the signal on has been done. To verify your Even-Second clock signal, see "Check EvenSecond Clock" on page 46.

Chapter 4, Troubleshooting

Errors While Attempting Measurements

4 Test System timebase reference not connected.

Verify that you have acces s to the base station’s reference timebase sig nal (typically

19.6608 MHz). T he reference should be connected to the SYNTH REF IN port on the rear of the Cellular Adapter. If configured correctly, the REF UNLOCK indicator on the Cellular Adapter should not be on.

5 Tran s mitte r no t turned on .

You must have a means of controlling the cell site equipment, including the ability to turn on a given transmitter. If your tool (typically a PC) shows t he information, verify that the tra nsmitter is tur ned on and that it ma tches the channel entry in step 1.

Chapte r 4, T roublesho ot ing

Errors While Attempting Measurements

Frame Error Rate (Receiver Measurements)

Problem :

If your Test System is not set up correctly for rece iver tests, you may see erroneous results (extremely high FER or the inability to return a measurement) on the tool you use for displaying the Frame Error Rate calculated by the base station.

The error can occur while using the following menu screen:

• CDMA Generator Menu Selection

Possible causes and solutions: 1 Missing an Even-Second clock tim ing signal.

You must have access to the Even-Second clock signal from the base station to achieve proper correlation to the CDMA signal. Verify that the signal is accessible and make sure that it is connected to the EVEN SECOND/SYNC IN port on front of the Cellular Adapter . To verify your Even-Second clock, see "Check Even-S econd Clock" on page 46.

2 Test System timebase reference not connected.

Verify that you have acces s to the base station’s reference timebase sig nal (typically

19.6608 MHz). Th e reference should be connected to the SYNTH REF IN port on the rear of the Cellular Adapter. If configured correctly, the REF UNLOCK indicator on the Cellular Adapter should not be on.

3 Missing or faulty connect ions from the PCS Interface output to the receiver in puts of

the base station. Check to see that the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Interface is connected to the

rece iv er test po r t of th e base s ta ti o n being tested.

4 Incorrect Base Station Channel entry.

The Software tunes the CDMA Generator to a receive frequency based on your entry for Base Station Channel. The ent ry must match the cha nnel your base stat ion is set to rece ive on. Verify the channel number entry in the Base Station Channel field on the main menu screen. If you want to verify the frequency the Generator is set to, see the Generator Frequency se tting at the bottom of the main menu screen.

Chapter 4, Troubleshooting

Errors While Attempting Measurements

5 RX PN Offset not se t to ze r o.

For receiver testing, the CDMA Generator is simulating the reverse channel (up link) signal as it would be sent by a mobile phone. Mobiles transmit on system tim e, so the PN Offset should be set to zero. Make sure that the field RX PN Offset has an entry of 0.

6 CDMA Generator level delivere d to the receiver test port of the base station is low.

Verify that the entry for RF Level in th e CDMA Gener ator Menu Selection matches the leve l in tended for recei ver (FER) t ests. Also, you shoul d check your entry for RX Measurement Path Loss in the Configuration Information Menu. If, in re ality, y ou have mu ch more loss th an is indi cated in the entr y , the RF leve l at th e re ceiver tes t po r t w il l be m u ch le s s th an is in d i cated in th e CDMA Generator menu screen.

7 Incorrect setting for CDMA Generator Mode and/or Data Source.

In the CDMA Generator Menu Selection screen, the Generator Mode should be set to Data and the Data Source should be Random.

Chapte r 4, T roublesho ot ing

Questionable Measurement Results

Overview Refer to the topics in this section if you are seeing measurement results with no

indicated errors, but you are failing a test or you believe you’re getting erroneous results. The foll owing p ages l ist some common sources of measurement errors for each type of test.

Average Power Potential causes of measurement error in average power readings include:

Cable los s values ar e incorrec t

Since the Software will compensate for the cable loss between your base station’s transmitter test port and the Test System, it is very important that you have the correct values entered into the Configuration Information Menu.

You can view the loss value in the Average power menu. If they do not match your setup (do not forge t to allow for losses through couple rs, attenuators, and so forth) go to the

Configuration Information Menu and enter the correct

value under TX Measurement Path Loss.

Power me t er not zer o ed re cently

Periodically, you should zero the power meter. This is done by pressing the

Zero Pow (k1) key while in the Average power menu.

Measur ement unit s are incorrect

Verify that the measurement display is reporting in the units that you expect for this test (choices are Watts, milliwatts, and dBm). The displayed units can be changed in the Average power menu using USER keys k2, k3, and k4.

Input signal is outside the measurement range of the PCS Interface

The specified range for average power measurements with the PCS Interface is

−13 to +30 dBm (50 µW to 1 W) when testing CDMA base station transmitters.

Verify that the signal applied to the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Interface falls within this range before con tinuing with your tests. You can use the

Spectrum Analyzer

Connections are missing or faulty

modes to view the transmitted signal.

Go To

Make sure that you have c onnect ed your tr ansmi tter signa l to th e RF IN/OUT port on the front panel of the PCS Interface.

Chapter 4, Troubleshooting

Questionable Measurement Results

Rho Measurements Sources of errors in rho measurement include the following:

Input signal is outside the measurement range of the PCS Interface

The specified range for rho measurements with the PCS Interface is

−13 to +30 dBm (50 µW to 1 W) when testing base station trans mitters. Verify

that the signal applied to the RF IN/OUT port of the PCS Interface falls within this range before conti nuing with your tests.

Channels other than the Pilot are on.

For modulation qu ality measur ements on a CDMA signa l, you m ust have onl y the pilot channel active . I f other channels (sync, paging, or traffic ) are on, you will get poor rho readings, if you get readi ngs at all. Tur n off any oth er code channels, if they are on, before t ry ing to re-measure rh o .

Other sou rces of int erfer ence exist in the cha nnel.

If other interfe rence sources are present within the CDMA channel, you will see degraded rho performance. The spectrum analyzer modes may be used to search for other interfe ren ce .

Code Domain

Sources of errors in Code Domain measurements include the following:

Measurements

Channels other than the Pilot are not turned up.

Unlike the rho measurements example, c ode domain measurements require other code channels to be turned on. In most cases, in additi on to the Pilot channe l, you will have a sync channel, a paging channel, and one or more traffic channels enabled.

Receiver Tests Sources of errors in receiver tests include the following:

Cable los s values ar e incorrec t

Since the Software will compens ate fo r cable loss between the Test System and

your base station’s rec eiver test por t, it is very importa nt that you have the correct values entered into the Configuration Information Menu.

You can view the loss values in the they do not match your setup (do not forget to allow for losses through couplers, attenuators, and so forth) go to RX Measurement Path Loss and enter the correct value.

Configuration Information Menu. If

Chapte r 4, T roublesho ot ing

Questionable Measurement Results

Sensitivity tests: random data not selected for signal source

For receiver sensitivity measurements, check to see that the CDMA Generator is set to send random data. In the CDMA Generator Menu Selection screen, the

Generator Mode should be set to Data and the Data Source should be set to Random.

Performance in additive noise: signal source not set for Eb/No

For this test, n oise is a dded to t he channe l using the AWGN generator . Verif y that the Generator Mode is set to Eb/No and that the Eb/No Level is set to an appropriate level.

Chapter 4, Troubleshooting

Questionable Measurement Results

Glossary

Access Channel A reverse CDMA channel used by mobile stations for communicating to the base stati on. The access channe l is used for short signaling message exchanges such as call originations, responses to pages, and registrations. The access channel is a slotted random access channe l.

Added White Gaussian Noise (AWGN)

A broadband noise source used in conjunction with a CDMA signal source to test receiver performance.

Autostart A feature of the Test Set’s IBASIC controller that automatically runs any program in non-volatile memory when the pow er s w it ch is set to ON.

Average Power A method of measuring the signa l le vel of a CDMA tra nsmitt er. The sampled signal is quantified in term s of average level. Multiple samples are then time-averaged to dis play a final power measurement.

Base Station (BS) A fixed-location transceiver in a communications network. The land station in a cellular or PCS network carr ying on a radio communica tion with mobile units.

CDMA See Code Division Multiple Access.

CDMA Channel The set of channels transmit ted from the base stat ion and the mobile stations on a given frequency. See also forward CDMA channel and reverse CDMA channel.

CDMA Frequency Assignment A

1.23 MHz s egment of spe ctr um cen te red on one of the 30 kHz channels of the existing analog system.

CDMA Generator A functional block in the CDMA Cellular Adapter that generates pilot PN sequences with externally or internally applied channel data. A noise generator is also incorporated that is capable of genera ting calibrated E signals.

Cellular Adapter The HP 83203B or 83205A CDMA digital cellular "top box" for the HP 8921A Cell Site Test Set.

Channel A transmis sion path bet ween two points. It is usua lly the smallest subdi vision of a particular transmissi on syst em b y mean s of which a single ty p e of communication service is provided.

Code Channel A subcha nnel of a forward CDMA channel. A forward CDMA channel cont ains 64 code channels. Cod e channel zero is assigned to the pil ot channel. Cod e channel s 1 throug h 7 may be assigned t o ei ther the paging channels or t he traffic channels. Code channel 32 may be assigned to eithe r a sync channel or a traffic channel. The rema ining co de chann els may be assigned to traffic channels.

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) A technique for spread-spectrum, multipleaccess digital communications tha t creates channels through the use of unique code sequences.

b/No

Glossary

Code Domain Analyzer An instrument

that measure s individual Walsh Cha nnel characteristics in a CDMA channel. The Cellular Adapter can display all 64 Walsh Channels in a received signal and display their power, phase , and timing relations hip.

Code Domain Phase A measurement mode that provides the relative phase relationship between various Walsh Channels and the Pilot Channel.

Code Domain Power A meas u rement mode that p resents th e signal strength of the Walsh Channels in a CDMA signal. It indicates the division of the total power in the chan nel as shared by the Pilot, Sync, Paging, and Traffic channels.

Code Domain Timing A measurement mode that indicates the relative timing relationship between various Walsh Channels and the Pilot Channel.

Data Block The sampled and quantized record of a portion of the IF waveform at the input to the DS P ana lyz er. The da ta bl ock ’s length is determined by the Interval field on the CDMA ANALYZER screen.

dBm/Hz A measure of power spectral density. dBm/Hz is the power in one Hertz of bandwidth, where power is expressed in units of dBm.

dBW A measure of power expressed in terms of it s ra tio (in dB) to one Watt.

The energy in an in formation bit.

The ratio between the energy of

b/N0

each information bit (E spectral density (N expressed in dB.

) and the noise

). This ratio is usually

Even-Second Clock A clock that occurs every two seconds.

FER See Frame Error Rate. FIR Filter Finite Impulse Respons e filter.

A filter for which th e output, in response to an impulse input, totally dies away after a finite time i nterval. The term i s usually use d in reference to a digital filter.

Forward CDMA Channel A CDMA channel from a base station to mobile stations. The forward CDMA channel contains one or more code channe ls that are transmitted on a CDMA frequency assignment using a particular pilot PN offse t . The code channels are asso ciated with the pil ot cha nnel, sync channel, paging channels, and traffic channels. The forward CDMA channel always carries a pilot channel and may carry up to 1 sync channe l, up to 7 p aging channe ls, a nd up to 63 t raff ic channels, as long as the total number of channels, including the pil ot channel, is no greater than 64.

Forward Link The link direction from the base station to the mobile station. Also referred to as the downlink.

Downconverter An RF network using a local osci llator to tr anslate an input signal to a lower (intermediate) frequency.

Forward Traffic Channel A code channel used to tra ns port primary traffi c, secondary traf fic, and signa ling traffi c from the base stat ion to the mobile station.

Downlink See Forward Link.

Glossary

Frame A basic timing in terval in th e

system. For the Access channel, paging chann el, and tr affic channel, a f rame is 20 ms long. For the sync channel, a frame is

26.666...ms long. Frame Clock s A phase-locked loop in the

CDMA Cellular Adapter that provides the following CDMA clocks for internal or external (thr ough the rear-panel, 9-pin connector) use:

•2 second

• 80 millisecond

• 27 millisecond

• 20 millisecond

Frame Delay Pulse An internal timing pulse th at initiates the Cellular Adapter’s CDMA frame clocks. The frame delay pulse occurs aft er the fra me delay time r expires.

Frame Delay Timer A timer that determines the interval between the sync pulse and the frame del ay pulse.

Frame Error Rate (FER) A measure of the performance of a digital receiver. For a given data rate, the ratio of frames rec eived incorr e ctly to th e to t al number o f fr a mes sent. Also referred to as Frame Error Ratio.

Intermediate Frequency (IF) The frequency res ulting from a downconv ersion process.

Modulation Symbol T h e ou tput of th e data modulator before spreading. On the reverse traffic channel, 64-ary orthogonal modulation is used and six code symbols are assoc iated with one modulation sym bol. On the for w ard traffic channel, each code symbol (when the data rate is 9600 bps) or each repeated code symbol (when the date rate is less than 9600 bps ) is one modulation symbol.

Noise spectral density. See Eb/No.

Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (OQPSK) A form of modulation that

applies different data sequences to two carriers separat ed by 90 data sequences are staggered by half a modulation symbol time. See Also Quadrature Phase Shift Keying.

Paging Channel A code channel on the forward channel used for paging mobile stations. Of the 64 Walsh function s used for channelization on the forward link, one through seven (incl usive) can be used for paging channels.

PCS see Personal Communications Services.

PCS Interfa ce . The HP 83236B. Used to transl at e s ign als f rom th e P CS b and i n to th e range of the Test Set and to provide a calibr at ed CD M A signal sour c e.

. The two differen t

Mcps Megachips per second (one million chips per second).

Modulation Quality See Rho.

Glossary

Personal Communi cation Services (PCS) Emerging wireless networks using

digital m odulat ion formats and op erati ng i n the frequency band bet w ee n 1.8 and 2.4 GHz.

Pilot Channel An unmodulated, directsequence, spread-spe ctrum signal transmit ted continuously by ea ch CDMA base station. The Pilo t channel allows a mobile sta tion to acquire the timing of th e forward CDMA channel, pr ovides a phase reference for coherent demodulation, and provides a means for signal strength comparisons betwe en base stations for determining when to hand off.

Pilot PN Sequence A pair of modified maximal length PN sequences with period

used to spread the forw ard CDMA channel and the reve rse CDMA channel. Different base sta tions are identified by different pilot PN sequence offsets.

Pilot PN Sequence Offset Index The PN offset in units of 64 PN chips of a pilot, relative t o the zero offset pil ot PN sequence.

PN Chip The time duration of one binary bit in t he PN seque nce, which is equal t o the reciprocal of t he fre quency a t whic h th e PN sequence generator operate s. For example, if the PN generator operates at 1.22 88 MHz, then a PN chip is 813.802 ns.

PN Sync Pulse A signal to the CDM A Generator that initiates pilot PN sequence generation. The st art of each pilot PN sequence is synchronized at the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT port to the 27 millisecond frame clock.

Quadrature Phase Shif t Keying (Q PSK)

A form of m odulation that applies different data sequences to two carriers separated by 90 .

Quadrature Spreading Frequency spreading perform ed us ing pilot PN sequences at a 1.2288 Mcps rat e. Also referred to as "short sequence spreading".

Reference Signal A replica of the ideal CDMA waveform. The reference signal resides on the Cellular Adapter’s DSP analyzer and is correlated with a s i g n alunder-test t o de termine wa veform ac curacy and timing offset .

Reverse CDMA Channel The CDMA channel from the mobile station to the bas e station. F rom the base stat ion’s perspecti ve, the reverse CDMA channel is the sum of all mobile station transmissions on a CDMA frequency assignment.

Reverse Link The link direction from the mobile station to the base station. Also referred to as the uplink.

PN Sequence Liter ally "pseudo-noise sequence." A periodic binary sequence (with 0 mapped to 1, and 1 mapped to −1). Typically a PN sequence has good autocorrela tion which (when normali zed) equals 1 for zero shift between the two sequences, a nd −1/N, where N is the period, for all other shifts.

Reverse Traffic Channel A reverse CDMA channel used to transport primary traffic, secondary traffic, and signal ing traffic from a single m obile sta tion to one or more base stations.

Glossary

Rho The measure of the waveform quality

of a modulated signal in a CDMA system. A received signal is compared to an ideal, reference, signal. A high correlation between the received sig n al and the reference represents a high wave form quality factor.

Sync Channel A code channe l in the forward CDMA channel that s ynchronizes the mobile station with the base sta tion.

Sync Pulse A pulse that s tarts both the frame delay timer and the PN sequence delay timers. A sync pulse occurs when:

• the Test Set is powered on, or

• an external even-second clock is rece iv ed o n th e CD MA Cell u lar Adapter's front-pa nel EVEN SECOND/ SYNC port.

Test System A test equip ment station consist ing of a Te st Set, Cellu lar Adapter, and PCS I n ter fac e. Us ed f or te s ti ng CDM A base stati on equipment opera ting in the PCS band.

Test Set The HP 8921A. Used for installation and maintenance of AMPS, TDMA, and CDMA cell site equipment.

Traffic Channel A communication path between a mobi le s tati on and a bas e s tati on, used primarily for communicating serviceoption related traffic. The term tra f f ic channel implies a forward traffic channel and reverse traf fic chann el pair. See also forwar d traffi c channel and reverse traffic channel.

Trigger Event T rigger event describes the opera ting state of the DSP analyzer at the time a qualifie d trigger causes the DSP analyzer to acqui re and begin measuring the digitized IF waveform fr om th e CDMA transmitter-under-test.

Universal Coordinated Time (UCT) An internationally agreed-upo n time s ca le that has the same rate as atomic time. UCT is corrected by s tep adjustment s of exactly one second as needed to re main within 0.9 seconds of astronom ical time.

Uplink See Reverse Link.

System Time The time reference used by

the network. Syst em t ime is sync hron ous t o Universal Coordinated Time (except for leap secon ds ) and uses th e s ame ti me or igi n as Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) time. All base stations use the same System Time (within a small er ror). Mobile station s use the same System Time, offset by the propagation delay from the base station to the mobile station. See also Universal Coordinated Time.

Walsh Chip The shorte st identifiable component of a Wals h funct ion . The are 2 Walsh chips in one Walsh functi on where N is the order of the Walsh function. On the forward CD MA channel, one Walsh chip equals 1/1.2288 MHz, or 813.802. . . ns. On the reverse CDMA channel , one Walsh chip equals 4/1.2288 MHz, or 3.255... us.

Walsh Cover A coding method that uses Walsh functions to create a set of mutually orthogonal CDMA signals. In the CDMA system, a cod e ch an n el is form ed by a Walsh cover.

Glossary

Walsh Function One of 2N time-

orthogonal binary functions (note that the functions ar e orthog onal after ma pping 0 to 1, and 1 to −1).

Walsh Symbol The time necessary to transmit one Walsh function on the reverse CDMA channel.

Zero Offset Pilot PN Sequence A pilot PN sequence aligned with System Time such that the first chip on every evensecond m ark is t he "1" f ollowing th e fif tee n consecutive "0"s.

Index

access channel

definition, 77

Added Whi te Gaussian N oise

defini tion, 77 added white gaussian noise, 42 Autostart, 57

definition, 77

turning off, 57

turnin g on, 57 average power, 26

definition, 77

suspect me asurement results, 73 AWGN, 42

defini tion, 77

bad measurements, 73 base stat ion

definition, 77

beep

setting v olume leve l, 59

beginning use of the software, 11

cable los ses

receive r path, 53 transmitter path, 53

CDMA

definiti on, 77

CDMA channel

definition, 77

CDMA frequency assignment

definition, 77

CDMA generator

definition, 77 CDMA measurement not correlating, 69 CDMA TIMEBASE IN port, 60 Cellular Adapter

definition, 77 channel

definition, 77 channel pl ans, 51 check even second clock

measurements

other, 46

cleari ng Save/Reca ll registers, 65 code channe l

definition, 77 Code Division M ultiple Access

definition, 77 Code Domain Analyzer

definition, 78 code domain measurements

code domain phase, 34

defini tion, 78

code domain power, 30

defini tion, 78

code domain t iming, 32

defini tion, 78

questio nable measur ement results, 74 compensation not perf ormed, 67 Configuration Information

errors, 67

loading, 55

purging, 56

saving, 54 configur e the software, 18 connectio ns

diagrams, viewing, 58

Index

front pa nel, 58 instrum ents, 14 rear pane l, 58

timebases, 60 correlation, 69 correlation errors, 69

data block

definition, 78

description

product, 12

definition, 78

Eb/No, 42

definition, 78

equipment

require d, 13

errors, 63

Configuration Information, 67 frame error rate (FE R ), 71 HP-IB, 66 measurement, 69, 73 measurement not correlating, 69 memory overflow, 65

menu screens don’t match, 68 PCS Interface, 66 runtime, 66 software, 65 system configuration, 66

Even-Second clock

definition, 78

Index

FER

definition, 78

finite inpulse response fil ter

defini tion, 78

FIR filter

defini tion, 78

forward CDMA channel

definition, 78

forwar d link

definition, 78

forward traffic channel

definition, 78

frame

definition, 79

frame cl ocks

defini tion, 79

frame del ay pulse

defini tion, 79

frame del ay timer

defini tion, 79

frame error rate, 42

definition, 79 frame error rate (FER), 40, 42 frame error rate measurement problems,

getting starte d , 11

hardware

required, 13 HP-IB command not accepted, 66 HP-IB errors, 66

Index

instrum ent connections, 14, 58 intermediate frequency

definition, 79

Loading Configuration Information, 55 loading the software, 15

main menu screen, 17 making connections, 14 making measurements, 23 Mcps

definition, 79 measurem ent erro rs, 69 measurement results

average power, 73

code domain me asuremen ts, 74

receive r tests, 74

rho, 74 measurem ents, 23

average power, 26

code domain phase, 34

code domain power, 30

code domain t iming, 32

modulati on quality (rho), 28

other, 44

questio nable results, 73

receiver performance in additive noise,

receiver sensitivity, 40 transmit spectrum, 36

memory overflow errors, 65 menu sc re en errors , 68 modulation quality

definition, 79

modulation quality (rho), 28 modulation symbol

definition, 79

Index

navigation of software menus, 17 noise source, 42 Noise, Added White Gaussian

definition, 77

offset qu adrature ph ase shift keying

definition, 79

OQPSK

definition, 79

paging channel

definition, 79

PCS

definition, 79

PCS Band

selection, 51 PCS frequencies, 51 PCS Interface

definition, 79

error messages, 66 Personal Com m unications Services

definition, 80 phase, co de dom ain, 34 pilot channel

definition, 80 pilot PN sequence

definition, 80 pilot se quence offset index

definition, 80 PN chip

definition, 80 PN sequence

definition, 80 power

average, 26

code domain, 30 problems , 63 product de scription, 12 Purging Configuratio n Information, 56

Index

QPSK

definition, 80

quadrature phase shift keying

definition, 80

quadrature spreading

definition, 80

questi onable measurement res ults, 73

receiver performance in additive noise,

receiver sensitivity, 40 receiver tests

suspect measurem ent results, 74

referen ce signal

definition, 80

references

connect ions, 60

registers

clearing, 65 required equipment, 13 reverse CDMA channel

definition, 80 reverse link

definition, 80 reverse traffic channel

definition, 80 rho, 28

definition, 81

suspect measurem ent results, 74 running the software, 15 runtime errors, 66 RX Measurement Path Loss, 53

Saving Conf iguration Information, 54 search for PN offset, 44 selecting a PCS Band, 51 sensiti v ity, recei ve r, 40 setting up the software, 18 Show Instrument Front Panel Connec-

tions, 58

Show Instrument Rear Panel Connec-

tions, 58

software

configuring, 18 definition, 12 errors, 65 loading, 15, 65 navigation, 17

running, 15, 65 software definition, 12 spectrum analyzer, 36 starting to use the so ftware, 11 sync channel

definition, 81 sync pulse

definition, 81 System

definition, 81 system configuration errors, 66, 67 system time

definition, 81

Index

Test Set

definition, 81

timebase

connections, 60 timing, code domain, 32 tone, audio, 59 traffi c ch annel

definition, 81 transm it sp ectrum , 36 trigger event

definition, 81 troubleshooting, 63 TX Measurement Path Loss, 53

UCT

definition, 81

Universal Coordinated Ti m e

definition, 81

uplink

definition, 81

viewing co nnect diagram s, 58

Index

Walsh chip

definition, 81

Walsh cover

definition, 81

Walsh function

definition, 82

Walsh symbol

definition, 82

zero offset pilot

definition, 82

HP 83236B User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Getting Started

Introduction

Who should use the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software?

Product Description

Software Operation in Brief

Required Equipment

Step 1: Make Connections

Step 2: Load and Run the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software

Navigation of the CDMA/PCS BS Test Software

Step 3: Configure the Software

Step 4: Perform CDMA Tests

If You Had Problems

Making Measurements

Overview

Transmitter Measurements

Receiver Measurements

Other • "Search for PN Offset" on page 44

Average Power

Overview Average power is a time-averaged broadband measurement of the transmitte d

Requirements • You should know the following about your base station and setup:

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 6.

Notes To minimize measurement errors due to temperature drift, occasional zeroing of

Modulation Quality (Rho)

Overview In this measurement, the modulated signal is compared to an ideal, refe ren ce

Requirements • Synchronizat ion is required, so you must hav e an Even-Second Clock signa l and a

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 8.

Notes If the message CANNOT CORRELATE appears on the screen , see "C DMA

Code Domain Power

Overview The Code Domain Power measurement shows the relative power in eac h of the

Requirements • You must have a means of tu rning on the base st ation t ransmit te r and ena bling va riou s

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 10.

Notes The Tune Freq displayed at the bottom of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen

Code Domain Timing

Overview Similar to the Code Domain Power test, this measur ement shows the timing

Requirements • You must have a means of tu rning on the base st ation t ransmit te r and ena bling va riou s

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 12.

Notes The Tune Freq displa yed at the bottom of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen

Code Domain Phase

Overview Similar to the Code Domain Power measurement, thi s measurement shows the

Requirements • You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter and bringing up

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 14.

Notes The Tune Freq displa yed at the bottom of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen

Transmit Spectrum

Overview It is often useful to l ook at the transmitt er sig nal with the spe ctru m analyzer to se e

Requirements • You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter with modulation (if

Steps: Go to Spectrum Analyzer @ Present Chan

Steps: Go to Spectrum Analyzer & Enter Freq

Notes For either spectrum analyzer mode (Go To Spectrum Analyzer @ Present

Receiver Sensitivity

Overview In this test, the CDMA generator sends a calibrated signal to the base station’s

Requirements • You will need a means of reading the Frame Error Rate (FER) from the base station.

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 19.

Notes The cable loss (includin g losses through splitters, couplers, and so forth) entered

Receiver Performance in Additive Noise

Overview In this test, the CDMA signal generator is used with the Additive White Gaus sian

Requirements • You will need a means of reading the Frame Error Rate (FER) from the base station.

Steps 1 Make the equipment connections as shown in figure 21.

Notes The cable loss (includin g losses through splitters, couplers, and so forth) entered

Search for PN Offset

Overview If you are unsure of the PN offset for the tr ansmitter and channel you plan to test,

Requirements • You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter with modulation.

Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 23.

Notes During the search, the following error message will often appear:

Check Even-Second Clock

Overview Most CDMA transmitter t es ts require an Even-Second clock signal from the base

Requirements • This test requires that you temporari ly connect the Even-Second clock signal to the

Steps 1 You can start wi th th e con nec ti on s sho wn in figure 24. You will get prompts from the

Notes See the section on the clock timing signal in "CDMA Measurement not

Operating Overview

Overview

Configuration Information

Reference Information

Selecting a PCS Band

Steps To select a new PCS Band:

Notes Once you’ve selected the appropr ia te channel plan, all you need to do to tune the

Compensating for TX and RX Measurement Path Loss