Section IV
Principles
of
Operation
plates, and a grounded rotor with apertures to permit passageofthe 200 kHz excitation signal. The rotorisattached
to the galvanometer shaft. The bottom plate
is
divided into
four sections, connected diagonally (Figure 4-4)
so
that the
excitation
is
received differentially. This differential action
keeps the load on the excitation oscillator constant, to aid
the oscillator regulator in maintaining a constant
output
current. Excitation signal amplitudeisimportant since it
affects position transducer sensitivity.
4-15. The demodulator circuit senses the unbalance
between the two portionsofthe position sensing capacitor,
caused
by
the amountofenergy from the oscillator that
is
coupled through the apertures in the rotor on the
galva-
nometer shaft.Ifthe circuitisbalanced,
both
halvesofthe
position capacitor receive equal amounts
of
200 kHz radi-
ation from the oscillator
output
plate. Refer to Figure
44.
On
theposi
tive excursion
of
the excitation signal
(200 kHz), diode CR2 conducts, turning on transistor
Q2
and charging
Cl.
Diode CRIisback-biased, and keeps
Ql
cut
off
during this period. On the negative excursionofthe
excitation signal, the opposite current flow takes place,
with
Ql
cut
off
during this period. On the negative excur-
sion
of
the excitation signal, the opposite current flow
takes place, with
Ql
conducting the same amountasQ2
conducted previously. When the circuitisbalanced,Clthus
reflects a net zero voltage
output.
During an unbalanced
condition, either
Ql
conducts more orQ2conducts more
to produce an average positive or negative voltage on
Cl.
4-16. An exampleofunbalanceisshown in Figure
44.
As
the positive signal causes the galvanometer to move the
stylus
as
shown, the rotor moves so that moreofthe oscil-
lator
outputisfelt on the shaded pairofsplit capacitor
plates. These plates are connected to the CRI-Q1 half
of
the demodulator,sothat more negative voltageisimpressed
upon
Cl.
The unshaded plates receive proportionately less
of
the oscillator
output,
and so CR2-Q2, the positive side
of
the demodulator, produces less positive
output
for
Cl.
Cl,
then, sends a negative feedback voltage to the driver amplifier, which tends to return the stylus toward the center
of
the chart. The feedback voltageisaidedbya torsion spring
that
facilitates settingofthe stylus mechanical center. For
maintenance purposes, note
that
one voltofposition volt·
age
correspondsto10 divisionsofstylus movement.
4-17. Galvanometer Damping.
4-18. The position feedback signalisfed back to the driver
amplifier through resistor R36. Part
of
the position voltage
is
fed back throughC6as
velocity information andC4and
C5asacceleration information. The amountofvelocity
feedback controls the damping, which
is
varied with R30.
4-19. DAMPING. Damping is a force that
is
(1) propor-
4-2
Model 7754A/7414A
tional to galvanometer velocity and (2) opposite to the
direction
of
pen motor velocity. Figure
4-5
shows the
effects
of
damping on frequency response and transient
response, where underdamping produces peaked and oscillatory waveforms, and overdamping diminishes response.
Optimum damping leaves about
71%of
the original signal
strength,
so
that the frequency responseisabout 3
dB
down at the galvanometer's natural frequency and the
response to a square wave (step function) input shows
about
4%
overshoot.
4-20. Heat Control Circuit.
4-21. Stylus heatiscontrolled from the Heat Pot Board,
A2A2, on the front panel. The heat control voltage
is
applied to a simple feedback amplifier located on the driver
amplifier assembly,
Qll,
Q12, and Q13, which has a cur-
rent limiting circuit similar to that used for the
galva-
nometer. The amplifier
output
drives the resistive stylus
heat element. A good stylus should have about
34
ohms
resistance.
4-22. Power Control Circuits.
4-23. Poweriscontrolled from the recorder front panel.
Figure 4-6 shows recorder power switching and fuses together with chart motor control circuits and speed control
solenoid circuit.
4-24.
line
common reaches the chart drive motor through
SI,
the power switch and S4, the voltage selector, whenever
SI
is
on. The high sideofline powerisapplied to the chart
drive motor through motor relay
Kl,
whichisactuated by
the control switch RUN
button
through interlockS3or by
a remote run signal (Figure 2-8). The motor
is
described
further in Paragraph 4-29.
Kl
also turns on stylus heat
through the control switch.
4-25. The motor drives the gearbox, the speeds
of
which
are controlled by speed selection solenoids
Ll,
L2, L3, and
IA. The speed control action
of
these solenoidsisdescribed
in
Paragraph 4-31. The segmentsofthe control switch are
so
arranged that the solenoids are energized in the correct
combination for each speed desired (Table 4-1). The switch
is
shown in the Imm/sec position.Asan exampleofhow
the switch works, the
-24V
supply voltage, applied to the
switch
via
the main feeder lineatthe topofFigure 4-6
energizes the center contacts
of
the switch segment.
When
the pushbutton marked
"I"isdepressed,
-24Visapplied
to solenoids
Ll
andL2through resistors R8 and R7 respec-
tively, selecting the proper gear combination. In speeds
of
2.5mm/sec and higher, the heat control voltageisaugmented by fixed voltages applied
to
the heat control poten-
tiometers by the control switch. The heat control poten-
07754-1