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CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
Conventions32
Feedback about this User Guide33
Related Documentation33
1GETTING STARTED
Introduction35
What is 3Com Network Director35
On the CD35
Installation36
Activation36
Coexistence with 3Com Network Director39
Using saved Network Supervisor maps40
Using saved 3Com Network Supervisor files41
The Device Warranty feature41
Main Features42
Main Window42
Network Discovery42
Network Monitoring42
The Event System43
Reports on Historical Data43
RMON Support43
VLAN Support43
Bulk Configuration44
Backup, Restore and Setup44
Agent Update44
Traffic Prioritization44
Reporting45
Device Administration45
Live Update45
2PRODUCT ACTIVATION
Introduction47
Key Concepts48
Components48
About Dialog48
Activation Wizard49
Obtaining Product Upgrades51
US, Canada and Latin America52
Outside US, Canada and Latin America52
Examples52
Activating 3Com Network Director52
Useful Information and References53
Where can I find the product number for 3Com Network
Director?53
Where can I find the serial number for 3Com Network Director?53
Where can I find the license key for 3Com Network Director?53
What product number is right for me?54
Key Considerations54
What if I lose my Activation Key after registration?54
How do I move my copy of 3Com Network Director to another
workstation?54
If I re-install the product after it has been activated, do I need to
activate it again?55
My copy of 3Com Network Director no longer runs, even though it
has been activated.55
Why can’t I log in to the 3Com support web site?55
I want to install my upgrade from 3Com Network Supervisor
Advanced Package v2.0 to 3Com Network Director on a different
workstation.55
I want to upgrade my copy of 3Com Network Supervisor Advanced
Package v2.0 to 3Com Network Director v1.056
Troubleshooting58
My license key to upgrade from 3Com Network Supervisor Advanced
Package v2.0 is rejected58
3MAIN WINDOW
Overview61
Key Concepts62
Map Files62
Components63
Map63
Tree63
Toolbar63
Status Bar63
Main Menu64
File64
Edit65
View66
Device69
Monitoring70
Alerts/Events71
RMON71
To ol s72
Help73
File > Lock Menu Option73
File > Exit Menu Option74
View > Show Toolbar Menu Option74
Tools > Scheduled Tasks Menu Option74
Tools > Options Menu Option76
Retry/Timeout84
Security85
Help > Contents and Index Menu Option87
Help > Launch User Guide87
Help > About 3Com
Examples88
Finding the Product Version88
Finding the Serial Number, License Number and Activation Key89
Key Considerations90
Scheduled Tasks90
®
Director Menu Option88
4DISCOVERINGTHE NETWORK
Overview91
Key Concepts92
The Discovery Process – Detecting Devices92
IP Ping 93
Device Capability Detection 93
SNMP Type Detection94
IP to MAC Resolution94
End Station Type Recognition 94
Web Type Recognition95
DNS Name Resolution 95
NBX Phone Detection95
Device Sizing96
The Discovery Process – Determining Topology96
Sizing stage 97
Spanning Tree stage98
Remote Poll Stage (broadcast ARP)98
Initial Endstation stage 99
Device Resolution Stage 99
Remote Poll Stage (directed pings)99
Outstanding end station stage 100
Tree Building Stage 100
Clouds – Unknown Topology100
Other Clouds103
The Discovery Process – Rediscovery104
Scheduled Discoveries106
Components106
Launching a discovery106
The Welcome dialog box107
File > New107
Tools > Network Discovery with nothing selected108
Tools > Network Discovery with a discovered subnet selected108
Tools > Network Discovery with an undiscovered subnet
selected109
The Network Discovery Wizard109
Discovery Type Pane110
Specify Subnets Pane111
Editing subnets in the list114
Removing subnets from the list114
Choosing from a list of known subnets114
Importing subnets from a file116
Monitor Core Devices and Links Pane117
Community Strings Pane118
NBX Voice Network Pane120
NBX Call Processors Pane120
Discovery Options Pane122
Scheduled Discovery Pane124
Summary Pane126
The Network Discovery Progress Dialog Box128
Network Discovery Summary dialog box130
The Discovery Report131
Discovery132
Topology132
The Misconfigurations and Optimizations Report132
The Changes Report133
The Displayed Map133
Initial Map Creation133
Subsequent Map Updates134
Examples134
How do I discover my network every day at midnight?134
Directly From the Options dialog box134
I have four separate subnets - how do I specify them?137
One of my subnets is over a slow WAN link - can I discover it, and if so,
what settings should I use?138
I am using different SNMP community strings for different devices on my
network - how do I specify this?139
Useful Information and References140
Why the discovered map may not exactly reflect the network140
Some devices haven't appeared140
Some devices are the wrong type141
There are clouds in my map141
Support for 3Com devices142
Support for third party devices142
Key Considerations143
Discovering over slow/expensive links143
Discovery Report Errors and Warnings144
Discovery Section144
Topology Section146
5WORKINGWITHTHE MAP
Overview151
Key Concepts152
The Map152
The Tree154
Components156
Map Structure156
The Grouped Network View 156
The Ungrouped Network View 158
Devices158
Device Icons158
Pull-Right Menu for Devices161
Physical Links163
Unvalidated Links164
Physical Link Annotations164
Spanning Tree Protocol Support165
Pull-Right Menu for Physical Links165
Layer-3 Connections166
167
Clouds167
Pull-Right Menu for Clouds169
Subnets169
Device Groups172
Tooltips174
Map Item Labels and Address Translation175
Navigation182
Panning182
Zoom in182
Zoom out183
Fit to page183
Shortcut Symbols186
Navigating Around the Map Using the Tree187
Viewing the VLANs on Your Network188
Trace Path188
Using The Trace Path Wizard191
Finding Items on Your Network192
Using Wildcards to Find Partial Matches193
Searching Within the Search Results194
Using the Find Dialog Box to Select Items for Operations195
Finding Devices195
Finding Links197
Finding NBX Telephony Components198
Modifying the Map Layout200
Manually Modifying the Map Contents202
Adding Items to the Map202
Linking Items in the Map204
Keeping the Map Up-to-date205
Dynamic Network Login Support205
Saving and Opening Maps206
Exporting Maps to Microsoft“ Visio“208
209
Printing the Map210
Background Images210
Examples212
Selecting all of the SuperStack 3 Switch 4400 Devices in the
Network212
Viewing all of the Physical Connections for a Router215
Focusing in on a Set of Devices in the Map217
Adding a Link between Map Items from Different Submaps220
Adding a New Device on Your Network Into the Map221
Launching the Properties Dialog Box230
Structure of the Properties Dialog Box231
The Tabbed Pane231
The Device Tree233
Properties Dialog Box for a Node236
Properties Dialog Box for a Supported Device237
Supported Device (Stack or Chassis)238
Supported Device (Single Unit)239
Properties Dialog Box for an Unsupported Device240
Properties Dialog Box for an End-Station241
Properties Dialog Box for a Phone242
Properties Dialog Box for a Subnet244
Properties Dialog Box for a Device Group245
Properties Dialog Box for a Cloud245
Properties Dialog Box for a Link247
Properties Dialog Box for a Non-WAN Link247
Properties Dialog Box for a WAN Link249
Properties Dialog Box for a Layer-3 Connection250
Properties Dialog Box for a Multiple Selection251
Applying Changes to Devices Using the Properties Dialog Box254
This section describes how you can apply changes to items with the
Properties dialog box.254
Changing the Custom Name254
Setting the IP Address for a Manually Added Device255
Setting the Port Numbers for a Manually Added Link257
Changing the Community Strings for a Device258
Changing the Monitoring Settings261
Changing the Retry and Timeout Settings for a Device or Subnet262
Changing the Discovery Options for a Subnet263
Examples264
Key Considerations269
Troubleshooting269
7MONITORINGTHE NETWORK
Overview273
Key Concepts273
Monitor273
Monitoring and Event Generation274
Monitoring State274
Monitoring State and the Grouped View276
Monitoring Techniques276
IP Ping Monitoring277
SNMP MIB Data Retrieval277
Service Polling278
SNMP Trap Receipt278
Monitor-able Items279
Monitoring Non-3Com Devices279
Link Monitoring279
Components280
Live Graphs Window280
Poll Rates281
Live Graphs Tree281
Live Graphs Display282
Displaying Thresholds283
Live Graphs Toolbar284
Live Graphs Menu285
More Detail Dialog Box286
Detailed Graph Dialog Box287
Viewing a Monitor’s Component Values288
Showing Thresholds289
Showing Plot Points290
Exporting a Graph290
Zooming into a Graph291
Poll Rates293
Configuration293
Starting and Stopping Monitoring293
Disabling and Enabling Individual Monitors294
Controlling Monitoring Type and Polling Rates296
Monitoring Mode296
Poll Rate298
Specifying Monitoring Mode and Poll Rates at the Whole Map
Level298
Specifying Monitoring Mode and Poll Rates at the Subnet Level300
Specifying Monitoring Mode and Poll Rates at the Device Level301
Specifying Monitoring Mode in the Discovery Wizard302
Changing Retry Periods and Timeouts304
Controlling Event Generation from Monitors304
Registering 3Com Network Director as an SNMP Trap Destination304
Configuring the Storage of Monitoring Data306
Examples308
Enabling Monitoring on the Core Devices in the Map308
Disabling Monitoring on the Whole Network308
Configuring Monitoring for a Remote Office309
Extending the Length of Maintained Monitor History313
Key Considerations314
Monitoring and Logged Data314
Text Displayed in Graphs314
Problems Starting Monitoring for a Device or Link315
8THE EVENT LOG
Overview319
Key Concepts319
Events319
Event Types320
Monitor-Based Events320
SNMP Trap-Based Events321
3Com Network Director Internal Events321
Event Severities321
Information Severity321
Warning Severity322
High Severity Events322
Critical Severity322
Recurring Severity322
Launching the Events Window326
Events Main Window327
Events List 327
Events Toolbar329
Events Menu329
Status Bars331
Working With Events332
Navigating to Event Sources in the Map332
Commenting on Events333
Manually Resolving Events334
Deleting Events335
Refreshing the Events List336
Exporting the Events List to a CSV Format File337
Printing the Events List338
Find Dialog Box338
Filter Dialog Box339
Name Filter340
Show only voice related events Filter341
Severity Filter341
Last number of days Filter342
Resolved Filter342
Deleted Events Filter343
Description Filter343
Comment Filter343
Filter Status Bar343
High and Warning Thresholds356
Launching the Threshold Settings Dialog Box356
Threshold Settings Dialog Box357
Configuring the Storage of Monitoring History for Events360
Managing Event Ageing361
Ageing Dialog Box363
Alert System Components364
Alerts System Overview364
Attach Alerts Dialog Box364
Attaching Alerts to Items366
Configuring Alerts366
SNMP Trap Alerts369
Examples370
Viewing the Unresolved Events for a Subnet370
Exporting High Severity Events Generated in the Last Week371
Undeleting an Event373
Obtaining Events for Received SNMP Traps376
Getting Events As Soon As Your Network Has A Problem377
Receiving Notification When A Server Farm Is Unreachable378
Key Considerations382
No Events in the Events List382
Events List Update Was Stopped382
Filter Has Excluded All Events383
No Graph Available for an Event383
9PERFORMANCE REPORTING
Overview385
Key Concepts385
Automated logging385
Data resolutions 386
Reporting386
Components386
Historical report386
Link monitors389
Logging options390
Database391
Examples392
Determining the cause of high errors on a link392
Predicting demand for bandwidth requirements392
Web server analysis393
Useful Information and References395
RRDTool395
Mapping file format395
Devices395
Links between switches/hubs395
Links between a switch/hub and an end station/cloud395
Database file format396
Database management398
Key Considerations399
Troubleshooting399
Mapping file not updating399
Changing the logging data directory399
Missing data within RRD database files400
Empty historical report states 3Com Network Director cannot monitor
416
The Graph View417
Viewing data from the RMON Statistics group 417
Viewing RMON Statistics data for a selected device417
3Com Switch 4007418
Viewing data from the RMON History group423
Viewing RMON History data for a selected device423
3Com Switch 4007424
Viewing RMON history data for a selected link425
History View dialog box427
History Entries429
Viewing data from the RMON Host group431
Viewing RMON Host data for a selected device431
3Com Switch 4007432
Viewing RMON host data for a selected link433
Host View dialog box436
Viewing data from the RMON Matrix group440
Viewing RMON Matrix data for a selected device440
Stations446
Matrix Flow446
Managing RMON tables447
Deletion of RMON Tables448
Examples 450
How do I graph errors on my core switch links?450
How do I graph utilization on a specific VLAN?451
How do I view the data associated with an aggregated link?451
Useful Information And References452
RMON 452
RMON Support on individual 3Com devices452
RMON Limits on individual devices (for table creation)452
Key Considerations452
11CREATING REPORTS
Overview453
Key Concepts454
Selection-sensitive454
Feature Reports Types454
Device Report History - Restriction455
Custom Report Types455
Reports History455
Export to CSV456
Summary Step489
Connection to the 3Com Server490
What Data is Sent to the 3Com server490
Reports491
Web Management491
Device Warranty491
Examples493
Renaming a Switch 4007 using Telnet493
Disabling a Port on a Switch 4400 using the Web Interface493
Viewing Connected Ports using Device View494
Registering 3Com Devices for Warranty494
Key Considerations496
Troubleshooting496
The Device Warranty dialog box is not displayed after a Network
Discovery496
3Com Network Director lists some devices as unregistered, although
you have already registered them on the 3Com website496
Frequently Asked Questions497
Why are some registered devices missing from the email?497
Why is there no warranty associated with some of the devices in the
email?497
13VLAN MANAGEMENT
Overview499
Viewing the VLANs configured on your network499
Configuring VLANs on your network499
Key Concepts500
General VLAN concepts500
About VLANs500
Benefits of VLANs501
802.1Q VLANs502
Port-based VLANs502
Tagged and untagged VLAN membership503
The Default VLAN504
Communication between VLANs504
3Com Network Director VLAN Concepts508
Discovering VLANs in 3Com Network Director508
VLAN membership inference509
Components514
Show VLANs514
Filter View button516
Interaction with Trace Path516
Maps with no VLAN information517
VLAN names517
Find Dialog Box520
Options Dialog Box521
VLAN membership523
Properties dialog box524
VLANs tab for VLAN-aware switches524
VLANs tab for VLAN-unaware devices530
VLAN configuration report533
Misconfigurations and Optimizations Report534
Inconsistent VLAN configuration on link535
Inconsistent VLAN naming535
Changes Report536
Trace Path537
Create VLAN wizard537
Launching the wizard537
Checking VLAN connectivity543
Adding an IP routing interface547
Summary of changes to be made550
Edit Port VLAN Membership wizard552
Launching the wizard552
Modifying the list of selected switches and ports553
Checking VLAN connectivity558
Configuring unsupported devices558
Summary of changes to be made559
Device History Report561
Examples561
Finding all switches on which a particular VLAN is configured561
Reporting the VLAN configuration of all switches on the
network562
Moving a port to another VLAN562
Extending your VLANs to include new inter-switch links565
Creating a new Voice VLAN for 3Com NBX systems568
Useful Information and References569
Standards, Protocols, and Related Reading569
Device support569
Key Considerations570
Guidelines for creating/editing a VLAN570
Troubleshooting570
Configuration Templates578
Device and Port Selections579
Components579
Configuration Editor Dialog Box580
Configuration Summary Tree Features581
Feature Configuration Panels582
Loading and Saving Configuration Templates584
Selection Editor Dialog Box584
Editing Device and Port Selections585
Loading and Saving Device and Port Selections588
Applying a Configuration Template to a Device or Port Selection589
Configuration Summary Report591
Device Configuration Panels592
Configuring User Accounts592
Add User Account Dialog Box595
Edit User Account Dialog Box595
Configuring Access Rights596
Configuring Trusted IP Hosts596
Add Trusted IP Address Dialog Box598
Configuring the Device as a RADIUS Client599
Configuring System Information600
Configuring Trap Destinations601
Add Trap Destination Dialog Box603
Configuring Spanning Tree603
Configuring IGMP605
Configuring Broadcast Storm Control605
Port Configuration Panels606
Configuring Port Security606
Configuring Spanning Tree608
Configuring Port Administration608
Configuring Autonegotiation609
Configuring LACP611
Examples612
Configuring User Accounts612
Configuring Network Login615
Useful Information and References619
Supported Devices619
Supported Features by Device Family619
Key Considerations621
Potential Hazards when using Bulk Configuration621
15PRIORITIZING NETWORK TRAFFIC
Overview623
Key Concepts624
Classification624
Marking625
Queuing627
Dropping629
Service Levels629
Configuring the Network for End-to-end Traffic Prioritization630
Components631
Prioritize Network Traffic Wizard631
Configuration Type Step632
NBX Step633
Servers Step635
Applications Step636
Application Field Values637
Finish Step and Progress638
Applying an Existing Configuration to New Devices640
Prioritizing NBX Voice Traffic641
Prioritizing Traffic To and From a SAP Server642
Blocking Access to a Streaming Audio Server644
Prioritizing a Video Conferencing Application645
Restricting Access to SNMP648
Useful Information and References652
User Priority Field652
DiffServ Codepoint Field653
Determining Field Values for Applications654
3Com Network Director Classifier Rules for NBX Phone Traffic654
3Com Network Director Service Levels655
Configuration Levels for Supported 3Com Devices655
Key Considerations657
Resource Warnings657
Why Errors Can Occur When Adding a Server659
Potential Hazards When Blocking Traffic To and From Servers659
Servers That Cannot be Selected for Blocking660
Potential Hazards of Blocking Application Traffic661
Potential Hazards of Blocking SNMP, HTTP and Telnet662
16UPGRADING DEVICE SOFTWARE
Overview663
Key Concepts664
Agent Image Files664
The Internal TFTP Server664
Scheduling664
Components665
Agent Update Wizard665
Introduction Step665
Update Type Step666
Specify Devices and Agent Versions Step667
Change Agent Version Step669
Scheduling Step670
Summary Step671
The Progress Dialog Box672
Agent Update Events673
Agent Update Reports673
Agent Update Summary report673
Agent Audit report674
Examples674
Update all Switch 4400’s with a New Agent674
Detecting and Downgrading a Problem Device675
Useful Information and References676
Supported Devices676
Agent Image Filenames676
Key Considerations677
Co-existence With Other TFTP Servers677
Considerations When Downgrading Devices677
Troubleshooting Device Problems Following Agent Update677
Repeated Timeouts678
17USING 3COM NETWORK DIRECTOR ON A MULTI-SITE
N
ETWORK
Overview681
Key Concepts681
Multi-Site Networks681
Local and Remote Sites681
Issues with Managing a Multi-Site Network682
3Com Network Director Support for Multi-Site Networks682
Configurable Timeouts683
Configurable Retries684
Configurable Poll Rates for Active Monitoring685
Configurable Monitoring Modes685
Configurable Discovery Options686
Configurable Monitor Thresholds686
Components687
Automatic WAN Link Discovery687
Manual Layout of WAN Topology688
Connecting Point-to-Point WAN Interfaces Together688
Grouping Logically Connected WAN Interfaces Together689
Restoring WAN Interface Representations after a Manual Layout of
WAN Topology691
Manual Layout of WAN Topology and Rediscovery692
Monitoring WAN links692
Configuring WAN Link Monitors693
Disabling Monitors on WAN Links694
Configuration694
Configuring Retries and Timeout Periods694
Specifying Retries and Timeout Periods at the Whole Map Level695
Specifying Retries and Timeout Periods at the Subnet Level697
Specifying Retries and Timeout Periods at the Device Level699
Specifying Retries and Timeout Periods in the Network Discovery
Wizard700
Determining Appropriate Retry and Timeout Periods701
Issues and Techniques when Configuring the Retry/Timeout
Hierarchy704
Configuring Monitoring Modes and Poll Rates705
Determining Monitoring Modes and Poll Rates706
Issues and Techniques when Configuring Monitoring Modes and Poll
Rates709
Configuring Discovery710
Configuring Discovery Options in Multi-Site Networks710
Scheduling Discoveries in Multi-Site Networks713
Configuring Monitor Thresholds714
Examples715
Grouping Frame Relay Interfaces Together715
Discovering a Remote Site727
Configuring Service Monitoring Thresholds Using Historical
Reports742
Useful Information and References748
Supported WAN Interface Types748
Key Considerations750
Problems with Discovering Remote Sites750
Problems with Discovering WAN Routers751
18NBX SUPPORT
Overview753
Key Concepts754
How 3Com Network Director Discovers the Phone Network754
How 3Com Network Director Represents the Phone Network Icons754
NBX Call Processor755
Line Cards755
Analog Terminal Adapter and Analog Terminal Card756
NBX Phones and Attendant Consoles756
NBX Applications756
How 3Com Network Director Monitors the Phone Network756
Monitoring a Line Card762
Selecting the Phones Associated with an NBX Call Processor762
Finding out Which NBX Call Processor is Associated with a Phone764
Understanding Voice-related 3Com Network Director Events765
Events related to the NBX Call Processor765
Events related to phones766
Events related to other links or devices on the network766
Launching NetSet 766
Launching NetSet for the NBX Call Processor766
Launching NetSet for a phone or line card767
Examples768
Discovering Several NBX Call Processors Simultaneously768
Receiving an Alert when my Phones Stop Working768
Useful Information and References769
NBX system769
NBX Call Processor770
NBX NetSet770
Key Considerations770
Troubleshooting770
There is no NBX Call Processor associated with my phone 770
The phone was added manually771
The phone is not managed by the NBX Call Processor anymore771
The display of end stations in the map has been disabled771
The wrong username/password was specified for the NBX Call
Processor772
There is a problem with the HTTP service for the NBX Call
Processor773
The NBX Call Processor stopped responding during the network
discovery773
Frequently Asked Questions774
Why are there a lot of unconnected phones on the map?774
The phone was removed from the network774
The phone cannot be reached775
The network device the phone is connected to has not been
discovered775
Why are some phones on the map showing the user name, while
others show the extension number?775
How do I change the label of a phone or line card?776
19BACKING UP DEVICE CONFIGURATIONS
Overview777
Key Concepts778
Physical Identification of Devices778
Physical Configuration of Devices778
Backup Components779
Device Backup Wizard779
Backup Type Step779
Specify Devices to Backup Step781
Specify Telnet Login Information Step781
Backup Identification Step782
Scheduling Step783
Summary Step and Progress784
Device Backup Events784
Device Backup Reports785
Backup Summary Report785
Backup Audit Report786
Backup Files786
Restore Components787
Device Restore Wizard787
No Backups Found Step787
Specify Device Being Replaced Step788
Specify Backup to Use Step789
Specify Telnet Login Information Step790
Summary Step and Progress791
Device Restore Event792
Restore Summary Report792
Setup Components792
Device Setup Wizard792
Configuration Source Type Step793
Specify Source Device Step793
Specify Source Backup Step794
Specify Devices to Setup Step795
Summary Step and Progress796
Device Setup Event798
Setup Summary Report798
Examples799
Scheduling a Device Backup Operation799
Restoring to a Replacement Device801
Deploying a Group of Devices802