Hp 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Command Reference Guide
HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch
Command Reference Guide
Part number: 445944-001
First Edition: June 2007
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2
Contents
Contents
Command line interface
Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 9
Additional references ............................................................................................................................. 9
Connecting to the switch......................................................................................................................... 9
Establishing a console connection ..................................................................................................... 10
Setting an IP address ....................................................................................................................... 11
Establishing a Telnet connection........................................................................................................ 11
Establishing an SSH connection ........................................................................................................ 12
Accessing the switch............................................................................................................................. 13
Idle timeout ......................................................................................................................................... 14
Typographical conventions.................................................................................................................... 14
Menu basics
Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 15
Main Menu ......................................................................................................................................... 15
Menu summary.................................................................................................................................... 15
Global commands................................................................................................................................ 16
Command line history and editing.......................................................................................................... 18
Command line interface shortcuts........................................................................................................... 19
Command stacking ......................................................................................................................... 19
Command abbreviation ................................................................................................................... 19
Tab completion............................................................................................................................... 19
First-time configuration
Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 20
Configuring Simple Network Management Protocol support ................................................................. 21
Setting passwords................................................................................................................................ 21
Changing the default administrator password .....................................................................................21
Changing the default user password.................................................................................................. 23
Changing the default operator password ........................................................................................... 24
Information Menu
Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 25
Menu overview.................................................................................................................................... 25
System Information Menu...................................................................................................................... 26
SNMPv3 Information Menu .............................................................................................................. 27
SNMPv3 USM User Table information ...............................................................................................28
SNMPv3 View Table information ...................................................................................................... 29
SNMPv3 Access Table information.................................................................................................... 30
SNMPv3 Group Table information .................................................................................................... 31
SNMPv3 Community Table information..............................................................................................31
SNMPv3 Target Address Table information ........................................................................................ 32
SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table information .................................................................................... 32
SNMPv3 Notify Table information..................................................................................................... 33
SNMPv3 dump............................................................................................................................... 34
System information.......................................................................................................................... 35
3
Contents
Show last 100 syslog messages........................................................................................................ 36
System user information ................................................................................................................... 37
Layer 2 information .............................................................................................................................. 38
FDB information menu ..................................................................................................................... 39
Show all FDB information................................................................................................................. 40
Clearing entries from the forwarding database .............................................................................. 40
Link Aggregation Control Protocol information .................................................................................... 41
LACP dump............................................................................................................................... 41
802.1x information......................................................................................................................... 42
Spanning Tree information ............................................................................................................... 44
Rapid Spanning Tree and Multiple Spanning Tree information .............................................................. 46
Common Internal Spanning Tree information ...................................................................................... 49
Trunk group information................................................................................................................... 51
VLAN information ........................................................................................................................... 51
Layer 2 general information.............................................................................................................. 52
Layer 3 information .............................................................................................................................. 53
Route information............................................................................................................................ 54
Show all IP Route information ........................................................................................................... 55
ARP information.............................................................................................................................. 56
Show all ARP entry information.................................................................................................... 56
ARP address list information ........................................................................................................ 57
OSPF information............................................................................................................................ 57
OSPF general information ........................................................................................................... 58
OSPF interface information.......................................................................................................... 58
OSPF Database information menu................................................................................................ 59
OSPF route codes information ..................................................................................................... 60
Routing Information Protocol information ............................................................................................ 60
RIP Routes information ................................................................................................................ 61
RIP user configuration ................................................................................................................. 61
IP information ................................................................................................................................. 62
IGMP multicast group information ..................................................................................................... 62
IGMP group information ............................................................................................................. 63
IGMP multicast router information ................................................................................................ 64
VRRP information ............................................................................................................................ 64
QoS information .................................................................................................................................. 66
802.1p information......................................................................................................................... 66
ACL information................................................................................................................................... 68
RMON Information Menu ..................................................................................................................... 68
RMON history information ............................................................................................................... 68
RMON alarm information ................................................................................................................ 69
RMON event information ................................................................................................................. 70
Link status information........................................................................................................................... 71
Port information ................................................................................................................................... 72
Logical Port to GEA Port mapping .......................................................................................................... 73
Fiber Port SFP status ............................................................................................................................. 73
Uplink Failure Detection information ....................................................................................................... 74
Information dump................................................................................................................................. 74
Statistics Menu
Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 75
Menu information................................................................................................................................. 75
Port Statistics Menu .............................................................................................................................. 76
4
Contents
802.1x statistics.............................................................................................................................. 77
Bridging statistics ............................................................................................................................ 79
Ethernet statistics............................................................................................................................. 80
Interface statistics ............................................................................................................................ 82
Internet Protocol (IP) statistics ............................................................................................................ 83
Link statistics................................................................................................................................... 84
Port RMON statistics........................................................................................................................ 84
Layer 2 statistics................................................................................................................................... 87
FDB statistics................................................................................................................................... 87
LACP statistics................................................................................................................................. 87
Layer 3 statistics................................................................................................................................... 88
GEA Layer 3 statistics menu.............................................................................................................. 89
GEA Layer 3 statistics................................................................................................................. 89
IP statistics...................................................................................................................................... 90
Route statistics ................................................................................................................................ 91
ARP statistics .................................................................................................................................. 91
DNS statistics ................................................................................................................................. 91
ICMP statistics ................................................................................................................................ 92
TCP statistics................................................................................................................................... 93
UDP statistics .................................................................................................................................. 94
IGMP Multicast Group statistics......................................................................................................... 95
OSPF statistics menu........................................................................................................................ 96
OSPF global statistics ................................................................................................................. 97
VRRP statistics............................................................................................................................... 100
RIP statistics.................................................................................................................................. 101
Management Processor statistics .......................................................................................................... 101
Packet statistics ............................................................................................................................. 102
TCP statistics................................................................................................................................. 103
UDP statistics ................................................................................................................................ 103
CPU statistics................................................................................................................................ 104
Access Control List (ACL) statistics menu................................................................................................ 104
ACL statistics ................................................................................................................................ 104
SNMP statistics.................................................................................................................................. 105
NTP statistics ..................................................................................................................................... 107
Uplink Failure Detection statistics.......................................................................................................... 109
Statistics dump................................................................................................................................... 109
Configuration Menu
Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 110
Menu information............................................................................................................................... 110
Viewing, applying, reverting, and saving changes ................................................................................. 111
Viewing pending changes................................................................................................................... 111
Applying pending changes ................................................................................................................. 111
Reverting changes.............................................................................................................................. 111
Saving the configuration ..................................................................................................................... 112
Reminders......................................................................................................................................... 112
System configuration .......................................................................................................................... 113
System host log configuration ......................................................................................................... 114
Secure Shell Server configuration .................................................................................................... 116
RADIUS server configuration........................................................................................................... 117
TACACS+ server configuration ....................................................................................................... 118
NTP server configuration................................................................................................................ 120
5
Contents
System SNMP configuration ........................................................................................................... 121
SNMPv3 configuration .................................................................................................................. 122
User Security Model configuration.............................................................................................. 123
SNMPv3 View configuration ..................................................................................................... 124
View-based Access Control Model configuration.......................................................................... 125
SNMPv3 Group configuration ................................................................................................... 126
SNMPv3 Community Table configuration .................................................................................... 126
SNMPv3 Target Address Table configuration............................................................................... 127
SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table configuration .......................................................................... 128
SNMPv3 Notify Table configuration ........................................................................................... 128
System Access configuration........................................................................................................... 129
Management Networks configuration .............................................................................................. 130
User Access Control configuration................................................................................................... 131
User ID configuration..................................................................................................................... 132
HTTPS Access configuration............................................................................................................ 133
Port configuration............................................................................................................................... 134
Temporarily disabling a port........................................................................................................... 135
Port link configuration.................................................................................................................... 136
Port ACL/QoS configuration........................................................................................................... 137
Layer 2 configuration ......................................................................................................................... 138
802.1x configuration .................................................................................................................... 139
802.1x Global configuration.....................................................................................................139
802.1x Port configuration......................................................................................................... 140
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol/ Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol configuration...................................... 142
Common Internal Spanning Tree configuration.................................................................................. 143
CIST bridge configuration ......................................................................................................... 144
CIST port configuration............................................................................................................. 145
Spanning Tree configuration........................................................................................................... 147
Bridge Spanning Tree configuration ........................................................................................... 148
Spanning Tree port configuration............................................................................................... 149
Forwarding Database configuration ................................................................................................ 150
Static FDB configuration............................................................................................................ 151
Trunk configuration........................................................................................................................ 152
IP Trunk Hash configuration............................................................................................................ 153
Layer 2 IP Trunk Hash configuration ........................................................................................... 153
Link Aggregation Control Protocol configuration................................................................................ 154
LACP Port configuration ............................................................................................................ 154
VLAN configuration....................................................................................................................... 156
Layer 3 configuration ......................................................................................................................... 157
IP interface configuration................................................................................................................ 158
Default Gateway configuration ....................................................................................................... 159
IP Static Route configuration ........................................................................................................... 160
Address Resolution Protocol configuration ........................................................................................ 160
Static ARP configuration............................................................................................................ 161
IP Forwarding configuration ........................................................................................................... 161
Network Filter configuration ........................................................................................................... 162
Route Map configuration................................................................................................................ 162
IP Access List configuration............................................................................................................. 163
Routing Information Protocol configuration........................................................................................ 164
RIP Interface configuration......................................................................................................... 164
RIP Route Redistribution configuration ......................................................................................... 166
Open Shortest Path First configuration.............................................................................................. 167
OSFP Area Index configuration.................................................................................................. 168
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Contents
OSPF Summary Range configuration .......................................................................................... 169
OSPF Interface configuration .......................................................................................................... 170
OSPF Virtual Link configuration.................................................................................................. 171
OSPF Host Entry configuration ...................................................................................................172
OSPF Route Redistribution configuration...................................................................................... 172
OSPF MD5 Key configuration.................................................................................................... 173
IGMP configuration ....................................................................................................................... 173
IGMP snooping configuration.................................................................................................... 174
IGMPv3 Snooping configuration ................................................................................................ 175
IGMP static multicast router configuration.................................................................................... 176
IGMP filtering configuration ...................................................................................................... 176
IGMP filter definition ................................................................................................................ 177
IGMP filtering port configuration................................................................................................ 177
Domain Name System configuration................................................................................................178
Bootstrap Protocol Relay configuration ............................................................................................. 179
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol configuration.............................................................................. 180
VRRP Virtual Router configuration...............................................................................................181
VRRP Virtual Router Priority Tracking configuration ....................................................................... 182
VRRP Virtual Router Group configuration..................................................................................... 183
VRRP Virtual Router Group Priority Tracking configuration ............................................................. 185
VRRP Interface configuration...................................................................................................... 185
VRRP Tracking configuration...................................................................................................... 186
Quality of Service configuration........................................................................................................... 187
QoS 802.1p configuration............................................................................................................. 187
Access Control configuration ............................................................................................................... 188
Access Control List configuration ..................................................................................................... 188
ACL Ethernet Filter configuration ..................................................................................................... 190
ACL IP Version 4 Filter configuration................................................................................................ 191
ACL TCP/UDP Filter configuration ................................................................................................... 192
ACL Meter configuration ................................................................................................................ 193
ACL Re-mark configuration ............................................................................................................. 193
ACL Re-mark In-Profile configuration ........................................................................................... 194
ACL Re-mark In-Profile Update User Priority configuration .............................................................. 194
ACL Re-mark Out-of-Profile configuration ..................................................................................... 195
ACL Packet Format configuration..................................................................................................... 195
ACL Group configuration ............................................................................................................... 196
Remote Monitoring configuration ......................................................................................................... 197
RMON history configuration........................................................................................................... 197
RMON event configuration............................................................................................................. 198
RMON alarm configuration............................................................................................................ 199
Port mirroring .................................................................................................................................... 201
Port-based port mirroring................................................................................................................ 201
Uplink Failure Detection configuration................................................................................................... 202
Failure Detection Pair configuration ................................................................................................. 203
Link to Monitor configuration .......................................................................................................... 203
Link to Disable configuration........................................................................................................... 204
Dump ............................................................................................................................................... 205
Saving the active switch configuration .................................................................................................. 205
Restoring the active switch configuration ............................................................................................... 205
Operations Menu
Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 206
Menu information............................................................................................................................... 206
7
Contents
Operations-level port options .......................................................................................................... 207
Operations-level port 802.1x options .............................................................................................. 207
Operations-level VRRP options ........................................................................................................ 208
Boot Options Menu
Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 209
Menu information............................................................................................................................... 209
Updating the switch software image..................................................................................................... 209
Downloading new software to the switch ......................................................................................... 209
Selecting a software image to run ........................................................................................................ 211
Uploading a software image from the switch ......................................................................................... 211
Selecting a configuration block............................................................................................................ 212
Resetting the switch ............................................................................................................................ 212
Accessing the ISCLI ............................................................................................................................ 213
Maintenance Menu
Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 214
Menu information............................................................................................................................... 214
System maintenance options........................................................................................................... 215
Forwarding Database options......................................................................................................... 216
Debugging options........................................................................................................................ 216
ARP cache options ........................................................................................................................ 217
IP Route Manipulation options......................................................................................................... 218
IGMP Multicast Group options........................................................................................................ 218
IGMP Snooping options................................................................................................................. 219
IGMP Mrouter options ................................................................................................................... 219
Uuencode flash dump.................................................................................................................... 220
FTP/TFTP system dump put ............................................................................................................. 220
Clearing dump information............................................................................................................. 220
Panic command ............................................................................................................................ 221
Unscheduled system dumps ................................................................................................................. 221
Index
8
Command line interface
Command line interface
Introduction
The HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch is ready to perform basic switching functions right out of the box. Some
of the more advanced features, however, require some administrative configuration before they can be
used effectively. This guide provides a command reference for the HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch.
The extensive switching software included in the switch provides a variety of options for accessing and
configuring the switch:
• Built-in, text-based command line interfaces (AOS CLI and ISCLI) for access via a local terminal or
remote Telnet/Secure Shell (SSH) session
• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) support for access through network management
software such as HP Systems Insight Manager
• A browser-based management interface for interactive network access through the Web browser
The command line interface provides a direct method for collecting switch information and performing
switch configuration. Using a basic terminal, you can view information and statistics about the switch,
and perform any necessary configuration.
This chapter explains how to access the AOS CLI to the switch.
Additional references
Additional information about installing and configuring the switch is available in the following guides,
which are available at http://www.hp.com/go/bladesystem/documentation
• HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch User Guide
• HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch BladeSystem ISCLI Reference
• HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Application Guide
• HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Browser-based Interface Reference
• HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch Quick Setup Instructions
Connecting to the switch
You can access the command line interface in one of the following ways:
• Using a console connection via the console port
• Using a Telnet connection over the network
• Using a Secure Shell (SSH) connection to securely log in over a network
.
9
Command line interface
Establishing a console connection
To establish a console connection with the switch, you need:
• A null modem cable with a female DB-9 connector (See the HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch User
Guide for more information.)
• An ASCII terminal or a computer running terminal emulation software set to the parameters shown in
the table below
Table 1 Console configuration parameters
Parameter Value
Baud Rate 9600
Data Bits 8
Parity None
Stop Bits 1
Flow Control None
To establish a console connection with the switch:
1. Connect the terminal to the console port using the null modem cable.
2. Power on the terminal.
3. Press the Enter key a few times on the terminal to establish the connection.
4. You will be required to enter a password for access to the switch. (For more information, see the
“Setting passwords” section in the “First-time configuration” chapter.)
10
Command line interface
Setting an IP address
To access the switch via a Telnet or an SSH connection, you need to have an Internet Protocol (IP) address
set for the switch. The switch can get its IP address in one of the following ways:
• Management port access:
○ Using a Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) server—When the /cfg/sys/dhcp command
is enabled, the management interface (interface 250) requests its IP address from a DHCP server.
The default value for the /cfg/sys/dhcp command is enabled.
○ Configuring manually—If the network does not support DHCP, you must configure the
management interface (interface 250) with an IP address. If you want to access the switch from a
remote network, you also must configure the management gateway (gateway 254).
• Uplink port access:
○ Using a Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) server—By default, the management interface is set up to
request its IP address from a BOOTP server. If you have a BOOTP server on the network, add the
Media Access Control (MAC) address of the switch to the BOOTP configuration file located on
the BOOTP server. The MAC address can be found in the System Information menu. (See the
“System information” section in the “Information Menu” chapter.) If you are using a DHCP server
that also does BOOTP, you do not have to configure the MAC address.
○ Configuring manually—If the network does not support BOOTP, you must configure the
management port with an IP address.
Establishing a Telnet connection
A Telnet connection offers the convenience of accessing the switch from any workstation connected to the
network. Telnet provides the same options for user, operator, and administrator access as those available
through the console port. By default, Telnet is enabled on the switch. The switch supports four concurrent
Telnet connections.
Once the IP parameters are configured, you can access the CLI using a Telnet connection. To establish a
Telnet connection with the switch, run the Telnet program on the workstation and enter the telnet
command, followed by the switch IP address:
telnet <10GbE switch IP address>
You will then be prompted to enter a password. The password entered determines the access level:
administrator, operator, or user. See the “Accessing the switch” section later in this chapter for description
of default passwords.
11
Command line interface
Establishing an SSH connection
Although a remote network administrator can manage the configuration of a switch via Telnet, this
method does not provide a secure connection. The Secure Shell (SSH) protocol enables you to securely
log into the switch over the network.
As a secure alternative to using Telnet to manage switch configuration, SSH ensures that all data sent over
the network is encrypted and secure. In order to use SSH, you must first configure it on the switch. See the
“Secure Shell Server configuration” section in the “Configuration Menu” chapter for information on how
to configure SSH.
The switch can perform only one session of key/cipher generation at a time. Therefore, an SSH/Secure
Copy (SCP) client will not be able to log in if the switch is performing key generation at that time or if
another client has just logged in before this client. Similarly, the system will fail to perform the key
generation if an SSH/SCP client is logging in at that time.
The supported SSH encryption and authentication methods are listed below.
• Server Host Authentication—Client RSA authenticates the switch in the beginning of every connection
• Key Exchange—RSA
• Encryption:
○ AES256-CBC
○ AES192-CBC
○ AES128-CBC
○ 3DES-CBC
○ 3DES
○ ARCFOUR
• User Authentication—Local password authentication; Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service
(RADIUS)
The following SSH clients are supported:
• SSH 3.0.1 for Linux (freeware)
• SecureCRT® 4.1.8 (VanDyke Technologies, Inc.)
• OpenSSH_3.9 for Linux (FC 3)
• FedoraCore 3 for SCP commands
• PuTTY Release 0.58 (Simon Tatham) for Windows
NOTE: The switch implementation of SSH is based on versions 1.5 and 2.0, and supports SSH
clients from version 1.0 through version 2.0. SSH clients of other versions are not supported. You
may configure the client software to use protocol SSH version 1 or version 2.
By default, SSH service is not enabled on the switch. Once the IP parameters are configured, you can
access the command line interface to enable SSH.
To establish an SSH connection with the switch, run the SSH program on the workstation by issuing the
ssh command, followed by the user account name and the switch IP address:
>> # ssh <user>@<10Gb switch IP address>
You will then be prompted to enter your password.
NOTE: The first time you run SSH from the workstation, a warning message might appear. At the
prompt, enter yes to continue.
12
Command line interface
Accessing the switch
To enable better switch management and user accountability, the switch provides different levels or
classes of user access. Levels of access to the CLI and Web management functions and screens increase
as needed to perform various switch management tasks. The three levels of access are:
• User—User interaction with the switch is completely passive; nothing can be changed on the switch.
Users may display information that has no security or privacy implications, such as switch statistics
and current operational state information.
• Operator—Operators can only effect temporary changes on the switch. These changes will be lost
when the switch is rebooted/reset. Operators have access to the switch management features used
for daily switch operations. Because any changes an operator makes are undone by a reset of the
switch, operators cannot severely impact switch operation, but do have access to the Maintenance
menu.
• Administrator—Only administrators can make permanent changes to the switch configuration,
changes that are persistent across a reboot/reset of the switch. Administrators can access switch
functions to configure and troubleshoot problems on the switch. Because administrators can also
make temporary (operator-level) changes as well, they must be aware of the interactions between
temporary and permanent changes.
Access to switch functions is controlled through the use of unique usernames and passwords. Once you
are connected to the switch via the local console, Telnet, or SSH, you are prompted to enter a password.
The password entered determines the access level. The default user names/password for each access
level is listed in the following table.
NOTE: It is recommended that you change default switch passwords after initial configuration and
as regularly as required under your network security policies. For more information, see the “Setting
passwords” section in the “First-time configuration” chapter.
Table 2 User access levels
User account Description and tasks performed
User The user has no direct responsibility for switch management. He or she can view all switch status
information and statistics, but cannot make any configuration changes to the switch. The user
account is enabled by default, and the default password is user.
Oper The operator manages all functions of the switch. The operator can reset ports or the entire
switch. By default, the operator account is disabled and has no password.
Admin The super user administrator has complete access to all menus, information, and configuration
commands on the switch, including the ability to change both the user and administrator
passwords. The admin account is enabled by default, and the default password is admin.
NOTE: With the exception of the admin user, setting the password to an empty value can disable
access to each user level.
Once you enter the administrator password and it is verified, you are given complete access to the switch.
13
Command line interface
After logging in, the Main Menu of the CLI is displayed. See the “Menu basics” chapter for a summary of
the Main Menu options.
[Main Menu]
info - Information Menu
stats - Statistics Menu
cfg - Configuration Menu
oper - Operations Command Menu
boot - Boot Options Menu
maint - Maintenance Menu
diff - Show pending config changes [global command]
apply - Apply pending config changes [global command]
save - Save updated config to FLASH [global command]
revert - Revert pending or applied changes [global command]
exit - Exit [global command, always available]
>> Main#
Idle timeout
By default, the switch will disconnect the console, Telnet, or SSH session after five minutes of inactivity.
This function is controlled by the idle timeout parameter, which can be set from 1 to 60 minutes. For
information on changing this parameter, see the “System configuration” section in the “Configuration
Menu” chapter.
Typographical conventions
The following table describes the typographic styles used in this guide:
Table 3 Typographical conventions
Typeface or
symbol
AaBbCc123
AaBbCc123
<AaBbCc123>
Meaning Example
This type depicts onscreen computer output and prompts.
This type displays in command examples and shows text
that must be typed in exactly as shown.
This italicized type displays in command examples as a
parameter placeholder. Replace the indicated text with the
appropriate real name or value when using the command.
Do not type the brackets.
This also shows guide titles, special terms, or words to be
emphasized.
Main#
Main# sys
To establish a Telnet session, enter:
host# telnet <IP address>
Read the user guide thoroughly.
[ ]
Command items shown inside brackets are optional and
can be used or excluded as the situation demands. Do not
type the brackets.
host# ls [-a]
14
Menu basics
Menu basics
Introduction
The AOS CLI is used for viewing switch information and statistics. In addition, the administrator can use
the CLI for performing all levels of switch configuration.
To make the CLI easy to use, the various commands have been logically grouped into a series of menus
and submenus. Each menu displays a list of commands and/or submenus that are available, along with a
summary of what each command will do. Below each menu is a prompt where you can enter any
command appropriate to the current menu.
This chapter describes the Main Menu commands, and provides a list of commands and shortcuts that
commonly are available from all the menus within the CLI.
Main Menu
The Main Menu displays after a successful connection and login. The following table shows the Main
Menu for the administrator login. Some features are not available under the user login.
[Main Menu]
info - Information Menu
stats - Statistics Menu
cfg - Configuration Menu
oper - Operations Command Menu
boot - Boot Options Menu
maint - Maintenance Menu
diff - Show pending config changes [global command]
apply - Apply pending config changes [global command]
save - Save updated config to FLASH [global command]
revert - Revert pending or applied changes [global command]
exit - Exit [global command, always available]
Menu summary
The Main Menu displays the following submenus:
• Information Menu
The Information Menu provides submenus for displaying information about the current status of the
switch: from basic system settings to VLANs, and more.
• Statistics Menu
This menu provides submenus for displaying switch performance statistics. Included are port, IP,
ICMP, TCP, UDP, SNMP, routing, ARP, and DNS.
• Configuration Menu
This menu is available only from an administrator login. It includes submenus for configuring every
aspect of the switch. Changes to configuration are not active until explicitly applied. Changes can
be saved to non-volatile memory (NVRAM).
15
Menu basics
• Operations Command Menu
Operations-level commands are used for making immediate and temporary changes to switch
configuration. This menu is used for bringing ports temporarily in and out of service. This menu is
available only from an administrator and operator login.
• Boot Options Menu
The Boot Options Menu is available only from an administrator login. This menu is used for
upgrading switch software, selecting configuration blocks, and for resetting the switch when
necessary. This menu is also used to set the switch back to factory settings.
• Maintenance Menu
This menu is used for debugging purposes, enabling you to generate a technical support dump of
the critical state information in the switch, and to clear entries in the Forwarding Database and the
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and routing tables. This menu is available only from an
administrator and operator login.
Global commands
Some basic commands are recognized throughout the menu hierarchy. These commands are useful for
obtaining online Help, navigating through menus, and for applying and saving configuration changes.
For help on a specific command, enter help. The following screen displays:
Global Commands: [can be issued from any menu]
help up print pwd
lines verbose exit quit
diff apply save revert
ping traceroute telnet history
pushd popd who
The following are used to navigate the menu structure:
. Print current menu
.. Move up one menu level
/ Top menu if first, or command separator
! Execute command from history
The following table describes the global commands.
Table 4 Global commands
Command Action
? command or
help
Provides usage information about a specific command on the current menu. When used
without the command parameter, a summary of the global commands is displayed.
. or print
.. or up
/
lines
diff
Displays the current menu.
Moves up one level in the menu structure.
If placed at the beginning of a command, displays the Main Menu. Otherwise, this is used to
separate multiple commands placed on the same line.
Sets the number of lines (n) that display on the screen at one time. The default is 24 lines.
When used without a value, the current setting is displayed.
Shows any pending configuration changes that have not been applied.
diff flash displays all pending configuration changes that have been applied but not
saved to flash memory (NVRAM), as well as those that have not been applied.
16
Menu basics
Table 4 Global commands
Command Action
apply
save
revert
Exit or quit
ping
traceroute
Applies pending configuration changes.
Saves the active configuration to backup, and saves the current configuration as active.
save n saves the current configuration as active, without saving the active configuration to
backup.
Removes changes that have been made, but not applied.
revert apply removes all changes that have not been saved.
Exits from the command line interface and logs out.
Verifies station-to-station connectivity across the network. The format is:
ping <host name>|<IP address> [attempts (1-32)> [msec delay]]
[-m|-mgt|-d|-data]
• IP address is the hostname or IP address of the device.
• number of tries (optional) is the number of attempts (1-32).
• msec delay (optional) is the number of milliseconds between attempts.
• By default, the -m or -mgt option for the management port is used. To use data ports,
specify the -d or –data option.
Identifies the route used for station-to-station connectivity across the network. The format is:
traceroute <host name>|<IP address> [<max-hops> [ msec delay ]]
• IP address is the hostname or IP address of the target station.
• max-hops (optional) is the maximum distance to trace (1-32 devices).
• msec delay (optional) is the number of milliseconds to wait for the response.
pwd
verbose n
telnet
history
pushd
popd
who
Displays the command path used to reach the current menu.
Sets the level of information displayed on the screen:
• 0 = Quiet: Nothing displays except errors, not even prompts.
• 1 = Normal: Prompts and requested output are shown, but no menus.
• 2 = Verbose: Everything is shown. This is the default.
• When used without a value, the current setting is displayed.
This command is used to Telnet out of the switch. The format is:
telnet <hostname> | <IP address> [port] [-m|-mgt|-d|-data]
By default, the -m or -mgt option for the management port is used. To use data ports,
specify the -d or –data option.
Displays the history of the last ten commands.
Remembers the current location in the directory of menu commands.
Returns to the last pushd location.
Displays users who are logged in.
17
Menu basics
Command line history and editing
Using the command line interface, you can retrieve and modify previously entered commands with just a
few keystrokes. The following options are available globally at the command line:
Table 5 Command line history and editing options
Option Description
history
!!
!n
<Ctrl-p> or Up arrow
key
<Ctrl-n> or Down
arrow key
<Ctrl-a>
<Ctrl-e>
<Ctrl-b> or Left arrow
key
<Ctrl-f> or Right arrow
key
<Backspace> or Delete
key
<Ctrl-d>
Displays a numbered list of the last ten previously entered commands.
Repeats the last entered command.
Repeats the nth command shown on the history list.
Recalls the previous command from the history list. This can be used multiple times to
work backward through the last ten commands. The recalled command can be
entered as is, or edited using the options below.
Recalls the next command from the history list. This can be used multiple times to
work forward through the last ten commands. The recalled command can be entered
as is, or edited using the options below.
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the command line.
Moves cursor to the end of the command line.
Moves the cursor back one position to the left.
Moves the cursor forward one position to the right.
Erases one character to the left of the cursor position.
Deletes one character at the cursor position.
<Ctrl-k>
<Ctrl-l>
<Ctrl-u>
Other keys Inserts new characters at the cursor position.
.
..
Erases all characters from the cursor position to the end of the command line.
Redisplays the current line.
Clears the entire line.
Prints the current level menu list.
Moves to the previous directory level.
18
Menu basics
Command line interface shortcuts
The following shortcuts allow you to enter commands quickly and easily.
Command stacking
As a shortcut, you can type multiple commands on a single line, separated by forward slashes (/). You
can connect as many commands as required to access the menu option that you want.
For example, the keyboard shortcut to access the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Configuration Menu from the Main# prompt is:
Main# cfg/sys/ssnmp/name
Command abbreviation
Most commands can be abbreviated by entering the first characters that distinguish the command from
the others in the same menu or submenu.
For example, the command shown above could also be entered as:
Main# c/sys/ssn/n
Tab completion
By entering the first letter of a command at any menu prompt and pressing the Tab key, the CLI will
display all commands or options in that menu that begin with that letter. Entering additional letters will
further refine the list of commands or options displayed.
If only one command fits the input text when the Tab key is pressed, that command will be supplied on the
command line, waiting to be entered. If the Tab key is pressed without any input on the command line,
the currently active menu displays.
19
First-time configuration
First-time configuration
Introduction
This chapter describes how to perform first-time configuration and how to change system passwords.
To begin first-time configuration of the switch, perform the following steps.
1. Connect to the switch console. After connecting, the login prompt displays.
HP 10Gb Ethernet BL-c Switch
Copyright(C)2006 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Password:
2. Enter admin as the default administrator password.
The system displays the Main Menu with administrator privileges.
[Main Menu]
info - Information Menu
stats - Statistics Menu
cfg - Configuration Menu
oper - Operations Command Menu
boot - Boot Options Menu
maint - Maintenance Menu
diff - Show pending config changes [global command]
apply - Apply pending config changes [global command]
save - Save updated config to FLASH [global command]
revert - Revert pending or applied changes [global command]
exit - Exit [global command, always available]
>> Main#
3. From the Main Menu, enter the following command to access the Configuration Menu:
Main# /cfg
The Configuration Menu is displayed.
[Configuration Menu]
sys - System-wide Parameter Menu
port - Port Menu
l2 - Layer 2 Menu
l3 - Layer 3 Menu
qos - QOS Menu
acl - Access Control List Menu
rmon - RMON Menu
pmirr - Port Mirroring Menu
ufd - Uplink Failure Detection Menu
dump - Dump current configuration to script file
ptcfg - Backup current configuration to FTP/TFTP server
gtcfg - Restore current configuration from FTP/TFTP server
cur - Display current configuration
20
First-time configuration
Configuring Simple Network Management Protocol support
NOTE: SNMP support is enabled by default.
1. Use the following command to enable SNMP:
>> # /cfg/sys/access/snmp disable|read only|read/write
2. Set SNMP read or write community string. By default, they are public and private respectively:
>> # /cfg/sys/ssnmp/rcomm|wcomm
3. When prompted, enter the proper community string.
4. Apply and save configuration if you are not configuring the switch with Telnet support. Otherwise
apply and save after the performing the “Optional Setup for Telnet Support” steps.
>> System# apply
>> System# save
Setting passwords
HP recommends that you change all passwords after initial configuration and as regularly as required
under the network security policies. See the “Accessing the switch” section in the “Command line
interface” chapter for a description of the user access levels.
To change the user, operator, or administrator password, you must log in using the administrator
password. Passwords cannot be modified from the user or operator command mode.
NOTE: If you forget your administrator password, call HP technical support for help using the
password fix-up mode.
Changing the default administrator password
The administrator has complete access to all menus, information, and configuration commands, including
the ability to change the user, operator, and administrator passwords.
The default password for the administrator account is admin. To change the default password:
1. Connect to the switch and log in using the admin password.
2. From the Main Menu, use the following command to access the Configuration Menu:
Main# /cfg
21
First-time configuration
The Configuration Menu is displayed.
[Configuration Menu]
sys - System-wide Parameter Menu
port - Port Menu
l2 - Layer 2 Menu
l3 - Layer 3 Menu
qos - QOS Menu
acl - Access Control List Menu
rmon - RMON Menu
pmirr - Port Mirroring Menu
ufd - Uplink Failure Detection Menu
dump - Dump current configuration to script file
ptcfg - Backup current configuration to FTP/TFTP server
gtcfg - Restore current configuration from FTP/TFTP server
cur - Display current configuration
3. From the Configuration Menu, use the following command to select the System Menu:
>> Configuration# sys
The System Menu is displayed.
[System Menu]
syslog - Syslog Menu
sshd - SSH Server Menu
radius - RADIUS Authentication Menu
tacacs+ - TACACS+ Authentication Menu
ntp - NTP Server Menu
ssnmp - System SNMP Menu
access - System Access Menu
date - Set system date
time - Set system time
timezone - Set system timezone (daylight savings)
olddst - Set system DST for US
dlight - Set system daylight savings
idle - Set timeout for idle CLI sessions
notice - Set login notice
bannr - Set login banner
hprompt - Enable/disable display hostname (sysName) in CLI prompt
bootp - Enable/disable use of BOOTP
reminders - Enable/disable Reminders
cur - Display current system-wide parameters
4. Enter the following command to set the administrator password:
System# access/user/admpw
5. Enter the current administrator password at the prompt:
Changing ADMINISTRATOR password; validation required...
NOTE: If you forget your administrator password, call your technical support representative for help
Enter current administrator password:
using the password fix-up mode.
6. Enter the new administrator password at the prompt:
Enter new administrator password:
22
First-time configuration
7. Enter the new administrator password, again, at the prompt:
Re-enter new administrator password:
8. Apply and save the change by entering the following commands:
System# apply
System# save
Changing the default user password
The user login has limited control of the switch. Through a user account, you can view switch information
and statistics, but you cannot make configuration changes.
The default password for the user account is user. This password cannot be changed from the user
account. Only the administrator has the ability to change passwords, as shown in the following
procedure.
1. Connect to the switch and log in using the admin password.
2. From the Main Menu, use the following command to access the Configuration Menu:
Main# cfg
3. From the Configuration Menu, use the following command to select the System Menu:
>> Configuration# sys
4. Enter the following command to set the user password:
System# access/user/usrpw
5. Enter the current administrator password at the prompt.
Only the administrator can change the user password. Entering the administrator password confirms
your authority.
Changing USER password; validation required...
Enter current administrator password:
6. Enter the new user password at the prompt:
Enter new user password:
7. Enter the new user password, again, at the prompt:
Re-enter new user password:
8. Apply and save the changes:
System# apply
System# save
23
First-time configuration
Changing the default operator password
The operator manages all functions of the switch. The operator can reset ports or the entire switch.
Operators can only effect temporary changes on the switch. These changes will be lost when the switch is
rebooted/reset. Operators have access to the switch management features used for daily switch
operations. Because any changes an operator makes are undone by a reset of the switch, operators
cannot severely impact switch operation.
By default, the operator account is disabled and has no password. This password cannot be changed
from the operator account. Only the administrator has the ability to change passwords, as shown in the
following procedure.
1. Connect to the switch and log in using the admin password.
2. From the Main Menu, use the following command to access the Configuration Menu:
Main# cfg
3. From the Configuration Menu, use the following command to select the System Menu:
>> Configuration# sys
4. Enter the following command to set the operator password:
System# access/user/opw
5. Enter the current administrator password at the prompt.
Only the administrator can change the user password. Entering the administrator password confirms
your authority.
Changing OPERATOR password; validation required...
Enter current administrator password:
6. Enter the new operator password at the prompt:
Enter new operator password:
7. Enter the new operator password, again, at the prompt:
Re-enter new operator password:
8. Apply and save the changes:
System# apply
System# save
24
Information Menu
Information Menu
Introduction
You can view configuration information for the switch in the user, operator, and administrator command
modes. This chapter discusses how to use the CLI to display switch information.
Menu overview
Command: /info
[Information Menu]
sys - System Information Menu
l2 - Layer 2 Information Menu
l3 - Layer 3 Information Menu
qos - QoS Menu
acl - Show ACL information
rmon - Show RMON information
link - Show link status
port - Show port information
geaport - Show system port and gea port mapping
sfp - Show External Port SFP/XFP status
ufd - Show Uplink Failure Detection information
dump - Dump all information
The following table describes the Information Menu options.
Table 6 Information Menu options
Command Usage
sys
l2
l3
qos
acl
rmon
link
Displays system information.
Displays the Layer 2 Information Menu.
Displays the Layer 3 Information Menu.
Displays the Quality of Service (QoS) Information Menu.
Displays the Access Control List Information Menu.
Displays the Remote Monitoring Information Menu.
Displays configuration information about each port, including:
• Port number
• Port speed (10 Mb/s, 100 Mb/s, 1000 Mb/s, or any)
• Duplex mode (half, full, or any)
• Flow control for transmit and receive (no, yes, or any)
• Link status (up or down)
25
Information Menu
Table 6 Information Menu options
Command Usage
port
Displays port status information, including:
• Port number
• Whether the port uses VLAN tagging or not
• Port VLAN ID (PVID)
• Port name
• VLAN membership
geaport
sfp
ufd
dump
Displays GEA port mapping information, used by service personnel.
Displays the status of the Small Form Pluggable (SFP) module on each Fiber External
Port.
Displays Uplink Failure Detection information.
Dumps all switch information available from the Information Menu (10K or more,
depending on your configuration).
If you want to capture dump data to a file, set your communication software on your
workstation to capture session data prior to issuing the dump commands.
System Information Menu
Command: /info/sys
[System Menu]
snmpv3 - SNMPv3 Information Menu
general - Show general system information
log - Show last 100 syslog messages
user - Show current user status
dump - Dump all system information
The following table describes the System Information Menu options.
Table 7 System Information Menu options
Command Usage
snmpv3
general
Displays the SNMP v3 Menu.
Displays system information, including:
• System date and time
• Switch model name and number
• Switch name and location
• Time of last boot
• MAC address of the switch management processor
• IP address of IP interface #1
• Hardware version and part number
• Software image file and version number
• Configuration name
• Log-in banner, if one is configured
26
Information Menu
Table 7 System Information Menu options
Command Usage
log
user
dump
Displays 100 most recent syslog messages.
Displays the User Access Information Menu.
Dumps all switch information available from the Information Menu (10K or more, depending
on your configuration).
SNMPv3 Information Menu
Command: /info/sys/snmpv3
[SNMPv3 Information Menu]
usm - Show usmUser table information
view - Show vacmViewTreeFamily table information
access - Show vacmAccess table information
group - Show vacmSecurityToGroup table information
comm - Show community table information
taddr - Show targetAddr table information
tparam - Show targetParams table information
notify - Show notify table information
dump - Show all SNMPv3 information
SNMP version 3 (SNMPv3) is an extensible SNMP Framework that supplements the SNMPv2 Framework
by supporting the following:
• a new SNMP message format
• security for messages
• access control
• remote configuration of SNMP parameters
For more details on the SNMPv3 architecture, see RFC2271 to RFC2276.
The following table describes the SNMPv3 Information Menu options.
Table 8 SNMPv3 Information Menu options
Command Usage
usm
view
access
group
comm
taddr
tparam
notify
dump
Displays User Security Model (USM) table information.
Displays information about view name, subtrees, mask and type of view.
Displays View-based Access Control information.
Displays information about the group that includes the security model, user name, and
group name.
Displays information about the community table.
Displays the Target Address table.
Displays the Target parameters table.
Displays the Notify table.
Displays all the SNMPv3 information.
27
Information Menu
SNMPv3 USM User Table information
Command: /info/sys/snmpv3/usm
usmUser Table:
User Name Protocol
-------------------------------- -------------------------------adminmd5 HMAC_MD5, DES PRIVACY
adminsha HMAC_SHA, DES PRIVACY
v1v2only NO AUTH, NO PRIVACY
The User-based Security Model (USM) in SNMPv3 provides security services such as authentication and
privacy of messages. This security model makes use of a defined set of user identities displayed in the
USM user table. The USM user table contains information like:
• the user name
• a security name in the form of a string whose format is independent of the Security Model
• an authentication protocol, which is an indication that the messages sent on behalf of the user can
be authenticated
• the privacy protocol.
The following table describes the SNMPv3 User Table information.
Table 9 User Table parameters
Field Description
User Name
Protocol
This is a string that represents the name of the user that you can use to access the switch.
This indicates whether messages sent on behalf of this user are protected from disclosure using
a privacy protocol. Switch software supports DES algorithm for privacy. The software also
supports two authentication algorithms: MD5 and HMAC-SHA.
28
Information Menu
SNMPv3 View Table information
Command: /info/sys/snmpv3/view
View Name Subtree Mask Type
----------------- ---------------------- ------------- --------
iso 1 included
v1v2only 1 included
v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.15 excluded
v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.16 excluded
v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.18 excluded
29
Information Menu
The user can control and restrict the access allowed to a group to only a subset of the management
information in the management domain that the group can access within each context by specifying the
group’s rights in terms of a particular MIB view for security reasons.
The following table describes the SNMPv3 View Table information.
Table 10 View Table parameters
Field Description
View Name
Subtree
Mask
Type
Displays the name of the view.
Displays the MIB subtree as an OID string. A view subtree is the set of all MIB object instances
which have a common Object Identifier prefix to their names.
Displays the bit mask.
Displays whether a family of view subtrees is included or excluded from the MIB view.
SNMPv3 Access Table information
Command: /info/sys/snmpv3/access
Group Name Model Level ReadV WriteV NotifyV
---------- ------- ------------ --------- -------- ------v1v2grp snmpv1 noAuthNoPriv iso iso v1v2only
admingrp usm authPriv iso iso iso
The access control sub system provides authorization services.
The vacmAccessTable maps a group name, security information, a context, and a message type, which
could be the read or write type of operation or notification into a MIB view.
The View-based Access Control Model defines a set of services that an application can use for checking
access rights of a group. This group’s access rights are determined by a read-view, a write-view, and a
notify-view. The read-view represents the set of object instances authorized for the group while reading
the objects. The write-view represents the set of object instances authorized for the group when writing
objects. The notify-view represents the set of object instances authorized for the group when sending a
notification.
The following table describes the SNMPv3 Access Table information.
Table 11 Access Table parameters
Field Description
Group Name
Prefix
Model
Level
ReadV
WriteV
NotifyV
Displays the name of group.
Displays the prefix that is configured to match the values.
Displays the security model used, for example, SNMPv1, or SNMPv2 or USM.
Displays the minimum level of security required to gain rights of access. For example,
noAuthNoPriv, authNoPriv, or auth-Priv.
Displays the MIB view to which this entry authorizes the read access.
Displays the MIB view to which this entry authorizes the write access.
Displays the Notify view to which this entry authorizes the notify access.
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