Heraeus Biofuge Primo R User manual

Biofuge

Instructions for use

How to use this manual

Use this manual to get acquainted with your centrifuge
and its accessories.

The manual helps you to avoid inappropriate handling.
Make sure to keep it always close to the centrifuge.

A manual that is not kept handy cannot provide
protection against improper handling and thus
against damage to persons and objects.

This manual comprises chapters on

• Safety regulations

• Instrument description

• Rotor program and accessories

• Transportation and hook-up

• Use of the centrifuge

• Maintenance and care

• Troubleshooting

• Technical data

• Index

Overleaf you will find a graphic

representation of the control panel

with a survey of the most important

functions

Please fold out

braking
profiles

speed/RCF

temperature

quick run

run time

"set" key

250009.597

0

Biofuge

"set" keys

rpm/RCF
display switch

"set" keys

open lid

stop

start

back panel

socket for mains cable
mains switch

Control panel of the

Biofuge primo R

Display

Braking profiles

Continuous display : braking profile last used, 1 - 9;

2 - 9 = max. acceleration and various
braking profiles (2 [weak] to 9 [strong])

1 = slow acceleration and braking curve 2

Speed / RCF

During run: current rpm or RCF (after actuation of dis-

play switch)
End of run: "End"
Lid open: "OPEN"
(before start)
Lid open : "0" with flashing point
(rotor not yet recognized)
Error message: alternating display (if relevant)

Run time

Preselected time : remaining run time to 0
Continuous:
operation (hLd) run time passed (in hours, minutes)
"Quick run": run time passed (in minutes, seconds)

Temperature

During run: current sample temperature in °C

at temperature equilibrium)

Keys

Start: normal start
Stop: manual stop
Open lid: open lid (possible only with the instrument

switched on)

Quick run: short-term operation of the centrifuge as

long as key remains pressed

rpm/RCF
switch: switching between rpm and RCF display
"set" keys: stepwise increase/decrease of setpoint

values

Short pressing of any of the "set" keys: switch from current to
preset value, signaled by flashing display.

Error codes (troubleshooting see chapter
"Troubleshooting"):

E-00: motor blockage
E-03 speed measurement
E-08: overvoltage; overtemperature in the electronics
E-14: no rotor or rotor identification impossible
E-17: lid does not open

rotor: set speed higher than permissible speed

of the rotor
bAL: unbalance
Lid: lid opened or popped open during run

OPEN: with lid closed: safety circuit triggered

(drive overheated)

Contents

Contents

For your safety............................................ 3

Proper use................................................................ 3

Improper use ............................................................ 3

Centrifuging hazardous materials ............................ 3

Handling ................................................................... 4

Conformity to current standards............................... 5

Safety instructions in this manual ............................ 5

The Biofuge primo R .................................. 7

Safety systems......................................................... 7

Properties................................................................. 8

Items delivered......................................................... 8

Functions and features............................................. 9

The "Easycontrol" user interface............................ 10

Rotor program and accessories.............. 13

Rotor program ........................................................ 14

Adapters................................................................. 16

Before use................................................. 19

Transport and installation....................................... 19

Proper location ....................................................... 19

Positioning the instrument .................................. 20

Mains connection ................................................... 20

Operation................................................... 21

Switching on the centrifuge.....................................21

Lid operation ...........................................................21

Opening the lid....................................................21

Closing the lid......................................................21

Inserting the rotor....................................................22

Handling of rotors and seals ...............................23

Important application information for rotor

7500 7599! ..........................................................24

Aerosol-tight application .........................................25

Permissible rotor temperature.............................26

Lifetime of the rotor .............................................26

Loading the rotor.....................................................27

Maximum loading................................................27

Filling the centrifuge tubes ..................................27

Loading instruction for rotors 7590 and 7595 .....28

Loading for aerosol-tight operation .....................28

Checking for aerosol tightness............................30

Placing the tubes in the rotor ..............................31

Entering parameters ...............................................32

Braking curves ........................................................32

Switching from speed to RCF display and vice versa

................................................................................32

Selecting the speed ................................................32

Entering the RCF value ..........................................33

Concerning the RCF value..................................33

1

Contents

Selecting the run time............................................. 34

Preselected run time........................................... 34

Continuous operation ......................................... 34

Selecting the temperature ...................................... 35

Starting the centrifuge ............................................ 36

Unbalance detection............................................... 36

Changing the settings during the run ..................... 36

Stopping the centrifuge ..........................................37

Stopping with preset time ................................... 37

Stopping with continuous operation ................... 37

Temperature regulation at rest............................... 37

Short-time centrifugation ........................................ 38

Removing the rotor................................................. 38

Maintenance and care .............................. 39

Maintenance operations to be carried out by the

customer................................................................. 39

Cleaning.............................................................. 39

Disinfection ......................................................... 40

Disinfection with eau de Javelle .........................42

Autoclaving ......................................................... 42

The Service of KENDRO........................................ 43

Warranty conditions................................................ 43

Troubleshooting........................................45

Emergency lid release ............................................45

Problems you can handle yourself..........................47

In case you must call the Service ...........................54

Technical data.........................................................55

Electrical connections/fuses ...................................56

Appendix....................................................57

Braking and acceleration curves.............................57

Speed / RCF diagrams ...........................................59

Standard values for minimum sample temperature65

Autoclaving protocol for rotor 7500 7599................67

Index...........................................................69

2

For your safety

For your safety

Heraeus centrifuges are manufactured according to
current technical standards and regulations. Nonethe­less, centrifuges may pose dangers if

• they are not used as designed

• they are operated by untrained personnel

• their design is improperly changed

• the safety instructions are not heeded

Therefore anybody concerned with operation and
maintenance of the centrifuge must read and fol­low the safety instructions.

In addition, the pertinent regulations for prevention of
accidents must be strictly followed.

This manual is an integral part of the centri­fuge assembly and must be kept close at
hand at all times.

Proper use

The centrifuge is designed to separate liquid­suspended materials having different densities and
particle size, respectively. The maximum sample den­sity is 1.2 g/cm

3

at maximum speed.

Improper use

During a run, a safety zone of 30 cm around the centri­fuge must be maintained where neither persons nor
hazardous materials may be stationed.

The centrifuge may cause harm to you or other per­sons and may damage material goods if you do not
respect the following safety measures:

Centrifuging hazardous materials

• The centrifuge is neither made inert, nor is it explo-

sion-proof. Therefore never use the centrifuge in an
explosion-prone environment.

• Explosive or flammable substances must not be

centrifuged. The same holds for substances prone
to react briskly with each other.

3

For your safety

• Do not centrifuge toxic or radioactive substances or

pathogenic microorganisms unless you have taken
proper precautions.

Such precautions can e.g. consist of biological
seals.

• Should toxins or pathogenic substances enter the

centrifuge or its parts, you must carry out the proper
procedures for disinfection (see "Maintenance and
care – Disinfection").

• Strongly corrosive substances that may cause

damage to materials and impair the mechanical
strength of the rotor may be centrifuged only inside
protective vessels.

Handling

• Never use the centrifuge unless the rotor is properly

mounted.

• Never manually open the lid if the rotor still turns.

• Use only original parts for the centrifuge. The only

exception are common glass or plastic centrifuge
tubes if these are approved for the rotor speed and
RCF values of your rotor, respectively.

• Never use the centrifuge with the lid open.

• Never use the centrifuge if the paneling has been

partially or totally removed.

• Changes in mechanical or electrical components

may be carried out only by persons authorized to
this effect by KENDRO Laboratory Products.

• You may use the centrifuge only with a properly

loaded rotor. You must not overload the rotor.

• If the rotor or the lid shows visible traces of corro-

sion or wear, you must stop using it.

• Strictly follow the rules and regulations for cleaning

and disinfection.

4

For your safety

Conformity to current standards

Heraeus centrifuges are manufactured and tested
according to the following standards and regulations:

for all voltages:

• IEC 1010-1 / EN 61010-1

• IEC 1010-2 / EN 61010-2-020

− Pollution degree 2

− Overvoltage category II

for 120 V only:

• CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.1-92

• CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.2.020-94

Safety instructions in this manual

This symbol denotes potential hazards to
persons.

This symbol denotes potential damage to
the centrifuge or parts in its immediate sur­roundings.

General hints are marked with this symbol.

In addition, you are asked to adhere to the pertinent
regulations, in Germany

• Regulations for prevention of accidents VBG 4

• Regulations for prevention of accidents VBG 5

• Regulations for prevention of accidents VBG 7z

• Regulations for prevention of accidents VBG 20

5

For your safety

for your notes

6

The Biofuge primo R

The figure below shows a general view of the Biofuge
primo R with open lid and the rotor put into place.

mains switch on
the back panel

-1

min

xg

0

Biofuge

The Biofuge primo R

Safety systems

The Biofuge primo R is equipped with a number of
safety systems:

• Housing and rotor chamber manufactured from

sheet steel; inner armoring made of steel, front
screen made from impact-resistant plastic

• Lid with window and lid lock

You can open the centrifuge lid only when the
power is turned on and the rotor has come to a halt.
You can start the centrifuge only if the lid is properly
locked.

• Rotor identification

• Electronic unbalance detection

• Emergency lid release: only in case of emergency,

e.g. during power failure (see chapter "Trouble­shooting"

Do not tamper with the safety systems!

7

The Biofuge primo R

Properties

The Biofuge primo R is a laboratory centrifuge for use
with a variety of rotors and a large number of commer­cially available centrifuge tubes.

The preset speed is reached in seconds. The mainte­nance-free induction motor provides quiet and vibra­tion-free operation even at high speeds and warrants
an extremely long lifetime.

The user-friendly "Easycontrol" control panel permits
easy preselection of speed, RCF value, run time,
temperature and run profile (acceleration and braking
behavior). You can switch from speed to RCF display
or entry and vice versa.

You can change the set values even during a run.
With the "quick run" key (

sample for only a few seconds if that is required for
your particular task.

) you can centrifuge a

Items delivered

Items delivered with the centrifuge comprise:

− a special cap nut for fixing the rotor

− 10-mm tubular socket wrench for fastening the

cap nut

− power cord

− short operating instructions

The printed documents consist of the delivery notes
and this Manual.

cap nut
order no.
70056208

tubular socket
wrench
order no.
2036 0072

8

Functions and features

Part / function Description / feature

design / housing galvanized sheet chassis with armored shell

tank stainless steel

drive induction drive without carbon brushes

key and display board key and display elements covered by an easy-care protective foil

control microprocessor-driven by Easycontrol II

main memory the data last entered remain in memory

functions RCF preselection, quick run

The Biofuge primo R

acceleration and braking
profiles

rotor identification automatic

unbalance detection electronic, effective as a function of rotor and speed

lid lock automatic locking following lid closure

2 acceleration and 8 braking profiles

9

The Biofuge primo R

The "Easycontrol" user interface

Function Feature

lid opening

automatic unlocking via "open lid" key (

)

(unlocking in case of power failure: see chapter "Troubleshooting")

start

stop

"quick run" mode

start key (

stop key (

)

)

pressing the "quick run“ key (

) actuates maximum acceleration up to the
maximum permissible speed; upon key release centrifuge stops with maxi­mum braking power

acceleration / braking profiles

1 = slow acceleration and braking curve 2,
2 ... 9 = fast acceleration and various braking curves (2=weak to 9=strong)

speed selection adjustable in steps of 10 min-1 within the range of 300 min-1 to 15000 min-1

RCF selection upon actuating the switchover key, the RCF value can be entered

run time selection

adjustable in minutes from 1 min to 9 h 59 min; "hLd" mode: permanent op­eration

run time display in "quick run" mode between 1 s and 60 s in seconds steps, above in minutes

temperature selection adjustable in 1 K steps from -9°C to +40°C

end of run speed display reads "End"

10

Function Feature

The Biofuge primo R

diagnostic messages

• alternating display "rotor"/maximum speed or RCF

(acknowledgment by pressing the start key)

• incorrectly closed lid: display "OPEN"

• general instrument malfunction

(error messages with ERROR codes, see "Troubleshooting"

11

The Biofuge primo R

for your notes

12

Rotor program and accessories

Rotor program and accessories

The Biofuge primo R is delivered without rotor!
You may choose from among a large variety of rotors

available as accessories.
(see Rotor program, Table 1)

In addition, there are sets of adapters and reduction
sleeves for diverse commercially available vessels (see
Adapters, Table 2).

Please consult our sales documentation for a complete
collection of accessories including technical data and
order numbers.

3

1

1

2

4

1

1

1

5

1

6

1

d

7

2

4

x

1

4

8

g

1

9

p

p

2

1

0

/

9

6

2

#

1

3

3

2

2

2

3

1

S

m

T

a

N

0

x

E

1

M

l

o

U

a

R

T

9

S

N

I

S

8

U

E

A

7

R

E

H

6

m

p

r

5

0

2

0

4

0

3

1

4

x

a

m

3

2

4

2

1

13

Rotor program and accessories

Rotor program

Table 1: Rotor program (1)

Rotor designation

order no.

fixed-angle rotor

6 x 50 ml Falcon

swinging bucket

rotor 4 x 100

rotor 12 x 1.5 / 2.0

7500 7590 7500 7591 7500 7592

buckets and caps see Table 2

maximum permissible load [ g ] 6 x 130 4 x 200 12 x 4

maximum speed n

maximum RCF value at n

[ min-1 ] 8,500 4,000 13,000

max

10,015 2,525 16,438

max

radius max./min. [ cm ] 12.4 / 6.0 14.1 / 5.0 8.7 / 4.7

angle [ ° ] 45 90 90

acceleration/braking time [ s ] 55 / 36 26 / 21 42 / 42

min. temperature at nmax [ °C ]*

* relative to room temperature 23°C

k factor [ S × h ]

- 1 - 9 4

2.545 16.801 3.690

aerosol-tight yes (reduced filling) yes no

permissible temperature range
autoclavable (number of cycles)

14

–
121 °C; (unlimited)

–
no

–
no

swinging bucket

Rotor program

Table 1: Rotor program (2)

Rotor program and accessories

Rotor designation microliter rotor

24 x 2 ml aluminum

microliter rotor 24 x
2 ml Polypropylene

drum rotor

order no.

7500 7593 7500 7599 7500 7595

maximum permissible load [ g ] 24 x 4 24 x 4 8 x 80

maximum speed n

maximum RCF value at n

[ min-1 ] 15,000 13,000 12,000

max

21,882 16,060 14,005

max

radius max./min. [ cm ] 8.7 / 5.9 8.5 / 5.9 8.7 / 3.8

angle [ ° ] 45 40 90 / 60

acceleration/braking time [ s ] 35 / 22 16 / 20 41 / 33

min. temperature at nmax [ °C ]*

* relative to room temperature 23°C

k factor [ S × h ]

5 -3 4

437 547 1.457

aerosol-tight yes (reduced filling) yes (reduced filling) no

permissible temperature range
autoclavable (number of cycles)

–
121°C; (unlimited)

-4 °C to +40 °C
121°C; (10 cycles)

–
no

15

Rotor program and accessories

Adapters

Table 2: Adapters (1)

Adapters for fixed-angle rotor
7500 7590

max. vessel size
∅ x length
[ mm ]

number
per
adapter

number
per
rotor

color order no.

1.5 ml microvessels 11 x 57 4 24 7600 2905

3.5 ml 11 x 100 4 24 7500 3091

6.5 ml 13 x 113 2 12 7500 3092
12 ml 16 x 95 2 12 7500 3093
16 ml 18 x 122 1 6 7600 2906
38 ml 25 x 112 1 6 7500 3094
50 ml 29 x 122 1 6 7500 3014
15 ml Falcon 16.5 x 120 1 6 7500 3095
50 ml Falcon 30 x 117 1 6 7500 3096

Adapters for microliter rotor
7500 7593 / 7500 7599

max. vessel size
∅ x length

vessel capacity
[ ml ]

number
per set

color order no.

[ mm ]

reduction sleeve PCR 6.2 x 20 0.2 24 gray 7600 3750
reduction sleeve 8 x 43.5 0.5 / 0.6 24 turquoise 7600 3758
reduction sleeve 6 x 46 0.25 / 0.4 24 red 7600 3759

16

Table 2: Adapters (2)

Rotor program and accessories

Buckets and adapters for
swinging bucket rotor 7500 7591

incl.
rubber
buffer

max.
vessel size
∅ x length

number
per
adapter

number
per
rotor

color order no.

[ mm ]

Roundbucket 100 ml/50 ml conical 1807 44 x 100 – – – 7500 7555

1.5 / 2 ml micro vessels 11 x 42 10 40 white 7500 7547
7 ml DIN 1818 12 x 102 5 20 white 7500 7545
7 ml DIN blood sampling 1818 13 x 105 3 12 white 7500 7546
15 ml DIN blood sampling 1803 17 x 102 3 12 white 7500 7544
25 ml DIN 1804 25 x 110 1 4 white 7500 7543
50 ml DIN 1805 35 x 105 1 4 white 7500 7542

adapters 50 ml - Falcon 30 x 117 – – – 7500 7556
adapters 15 ml - Falcon 16.5 x 120 1 4 white 7500 7557

hermetic caps 7500 7598

The rubber pads 7600 1807 are
only to be used for centrifuging
100 ml glass containers.

Remove the rubber pads when
using adapters.

17

Rotor program and accessories

Table 2: Adapters (3)

Racks for
drum rotor 7500 7595

1.5 ml microvessels 10 80 yellow 7600 1499

1.5 / 2 ml microvessels 10 80 red 7600 1244

1.5 / 2 ml microvessels (60°) 6 48 white 7500 1498

0.3 ml microcapillary vessels 8 64 blue 7600 1246

0.5 / 0.6 ml microvessels 15 120 green 7600 1247

0.25 / 0.4 ml microvessels 20 160 yellow 7600 1248

18

number

per
adapter

number
per
rotor

color order no.

Before use

Transport and installation

The centrifuge is delivered in an special box. Cut it
open and remove the protective material.

When transporting the centrifuge, con­sider its weight (see Technical Data);
always grab it on both sides taking
care that enough helpers are around
(see Figure).

Do not lift by the front panel!

Before use

Damage to the centrifuge by jolting
during transport and sudden drop­ping!

Transport the centrifuge only in the
upright position using the special
box provided with the instrument,
and secure it properly. Place the cen­trifuge carefully.

Proper location

The centrifuge may only be used indoors. Its location
must meet the following criteria:

• A safety zone of at least 30 cm around the centri-

fuge must be maintained where hazardous materials
may not be kept during centrifugation.

• The substructure must be stable and resonance-

free. A good support is provided by a plane labora­tory bench or a large laboratory carriage with lock­able casters.

• To ensure sufficient air circulation, a minimum dis-

tance from the wall of 10 cm at the back and of 15
cm on each side must be kept.

19

Before use

• The centrifuge must be protected from heat and

direct sunshine.

• The location must be well ventilated at all times.

Positioning the instrument

Following a relocation, the centrifuge must always be
properly aligned with the adjustable bases.

Make sure the bases are evenly weighted.

Mains connection

Connect the centrifuge only to an earthed mains sup­ply. Make sure that the cable is compatible with the
safety regulations valid in your country, and that your
mains voltage and frequency correspond to the specifi­cations on the instrument label.

Turn the mains switch on the back panel off (press "0");
only then connect the centrifuge with the mains supply
via the power cord.

D-37520Osterode
MadeinGermany

INSTRUMENTS

Baujahr:

max.Drehzahl:

sieheRotor

kin.Energie:1NNN Nm

Spannung:

220V~

Fabr.-Nr.:

Frequenz:

50/60Hz

Bestell-Nr.: 7500NNNN

Strom: NN

,A

Leistung: NNN

zulässigeDichtedesFüllgutes:N,N kg/cm

W

3

mains switch type plate with indication

of voltage and frequency

Biofugeprimo R

socket for
power cord

20

Operation

Operation

Switching on the centrifuge

Turn on the mains switch on the back of the instrument.
For a couple of seconds the following reading appears

in the control panel:

8.8.8.8.8. 8.8.8.88.8.8.

0

Biof uge

This tells you that the instrument carries out an internal
check of its software (see table on page 54).

After this check the display switches to the actual val­ues. The values for the remaining run time and speed
both read 0. The display of the acceleration/braking
curve depends on the value last set.

The following figure gives an example of possible read­ings. A detailed description of possible settings is given
below in this chapter.

0

Biofuge

090.007

Lid operation

Opening the lid

Press the "open lid" key
If the message "Lift Lid" appears, you must lift the lid

slightly.
(Emergency release in case of malfunction or power

failure: see chapter "Troubleshooting".)

Closing the lid

The centrifuge is closed by slightly pressing down the
front part of the lid.

Do not slam the lid shut!

.

21

Operation

Inserting the rotor

Improper or improperly combined
accessories may cause severe dam­age to the centrifuge!

The rotors approved for the Biofuge primo R are de­tailed in the chapter "Rotor program and accessories".
Use only rotors with this instrument that are contained
in this list.

To insert the rotor, you need the cap nut and the tubu­lar socket wrench supplied (see chapter "The Biofuge
primo R – Items delivered".

Possible damage to drive and rotor!

You may insert the rotor only if the
temperature of the drive, the rotor and
the cap nut is between 10 °C and 30 °C.

Proceed as follows:

1. Open the lid and make sure that the rotor chamber
and the rotor are clean. Remove eventual dust, for­eign material or sample residues. The thread and
the O-Ring on the motor shaft must be in perfect
condition.

2. Turn the rotor so that the notch for engaging the
drive shaft points downward.

3. Place the rotor on top of the drive shaft so that the
notch of the rotor is located precisely above the re­taining pin.

4. Push the rotor gently down until the thread is com­pletely laid bare (see figure).

22

Operation

5. If you have placed the rotor correctly, you can
screw on the cap nut easily and secure it with the
tubular socket wrench delivered with the instru­ment.

6. Place the rotor cap onto the rotor.

Do not push the rotor down using
force. If you cannot screw on the cap
nut, you must carefully lift off the rotor
and insert it again.

Regularly check the proper positioning of
the rotor and re-tighten the cap nut as
needed.

Handling of rotors and seals

The swiveling pegs of the swinging bucket rotors and
the corresponding notches of the buckets must be
lightly greased.

(Lubricant 7600 3500 is delivered with the rotor.)

The O rings in the rotors and rotor lids as well as the O
ring in the hermetic cap 7500 7598 for the 100-ml / 50­ml buckets must likewise be lightly greased.

Use only the special lubricant
7600 3500 for greasing the O rings!

You must replace damaged O rings!
Replacements parts are delivered with the rotor or can

be ordered separately as spare part package.
– 7500 3404 for the rotor 7500 7593
– 7500 3423 for the rotor 7500 7590

23

Operation

Important application information for rotor
7500 7599!

To attach the rotor, use the acorn nut with ball head!
(Order no. 70056208)
To tighten the acorn nut, use the 10 mm tubular hexa-

gon box spanner.
(Order no. 20360072)
Please always close your microlitre containers care-

fully. Open container lids can damage the rotor lid.
For some special applications the container lids must

remain unsealed. If this is the case, please use the
screw top (order no. 75003326) instead of the standard
snap-on lid (order no. 70901111).

A) Position the snap-on lid.

Press the rotor lid down onto the rotor until
the snap-on catch engages onto the ball
of the acorn nut.

B) Remove the snap-on lid.

By activating the grip cap, the lock is re­leased and the rotor lid can be removed.

24

Operation

Aerosol-tight application

The following steps have to be carried out:

• Lubricate the seals before inserting them (lubricant
order no. 75003500)

• Insert the seal (C profile) in the groove at the side
of the body of the rotor.

• Insert the O-ring into the inner groove on the
screw-on top.

only with screw-on top 75003326
and not with open container lids!

Attention :

Please check that your sample containers are suitable
for the centrifugal application desired.

(16060 x g ; temperature in uncooled devices approx.
10 K above room temperature)

Please observe the permissible filling volumes!
Nominal volume: Permissible volume:

2.0 ml - 1.5 ml

1.5 ml - 1.0 ml
others ­The sealing elements are to be checked regularly for

damage to the shape and surface!
Exchange faulty parts immediately (spare sealing rings

75003268)

The snap-on lid is not suitable for
aerosol-tight application!

2

/3 nominal volume

25

Operation

Permissible rotor temperature

The rotor 7500 7599 may be used only
within a temperature range of

-4 °C to +40 °C. Pre-cooling in the
freezer is not permitted.

Lifetime of the rotor

There are no restrictions to the service life of the high
performance rotor 7500 3325 B. However please ob­serve the following due to safety reasons:

Rotors and accessories made of
plastic should not be exposed to
direct sunlight and UV rays!

If the rotor shows signs of discolor­ation, deformation or wear, or is out
of balance it must be exchanged
straight away!

26

Operation

Loading the rotor

Maximum loading

Overloading may cause the rotor to
explode! Exploding parts may se­verely damage the centrifuge!

The Biofuge primo R can reach high rotational speeds
implying enormous centrifugal force. The rotors are
designed in a way warranting sufficient residual
strength even at the highest permissible speed.

However, this safety system presupposes that the
maximum permissible load of the rotor is not exceeded.

If you wish to centrifuge samples that together with the
adapters exceed the maximum permissible load, you
must either reduce the sample volume or calculate the
permissible speed n
mula:

n

perm

n= ∗

max

according to the following for-

perm

maximum permissible load

actual load

Filling the centrifuge tubes

Check carefully whether your sample
vessels are permissible for the re­spective g value, and reduce the
speed if necessary.

The smaller the unbalance of the centrifuge, the better
the separation since separated zones are no longer
perturbed by vibration. It is therefore important to bal­ance the centrifuge tubes as well as possible.

Please note that the lifetime of plastic tubes,
particularly at the highest permissible load
(speed, temperature), is limited; they must be
replaced if worn!

27

Operation

Loading instruction for rotors 7590 and 7595

You must always equip all sample
locations with adapters or sample
racks!

The rotor 7590 may only be used with
the lid in place.

Loading for aerosol-tight operation

For the centrifugation of hazardous
samples you must always respect the
highest permissible sample amounts.

Aerosol-tight operation presupposes that sample ves­sels are properly filled and the rotor lid is correctly
closed.

The vessels may generally be filled only to a point
where the sample cannot reach the vessel rim during
centrifugation. For the most commonly used vessels,
the maximum allowed volumes are listed in the table on
page 29.

For the fixed-angle rotors you should use the special
hexagon screw driver for tightening (and loosening) the
lid in order to safeguard proper closure (push through
the bore of the screw-on lid.)

28

Operation

Rotor vessel type / maximum filling volume

leakage
test

microliter rotor
24 x 1.5 ml #7593
microliter rotor
24 x 2.0 ml #7599
fixed-angle rotor
6 x 50 ml #7590

Reakt 1.5 ml

1.0 ml

Reakt 1.5 ml

1.0 ml

Falcon 50 ml

49 ml

Reakt 2.0 ml

1.5 ml

Reakt 2.0 ml

1.5 ml

Falcon 15 ml

14 ml

8 ml

8 ml

*

swinging bucket rotor #7591

Glas 100 ml

80 ml

Glas 50 ml

45 ml

*) Vessel filled to the brim, lid screwed on lightly

• Reakt – reaction vessel

• Falcon – bucket type Falcon

• Glas – glass vessel

29

Operation

Checking for aerosol tightness

Check the aerosol tightness of your
rotor whenever appropriate.

Since you cannot yourself carry out the
check with the swinging bucket rotor
#7591, you should monitor seals, seal­ing surfaces and screw caps particu­larly carefully in this case!

To carry out the test, proceed as follows:

• Carefully clean and degrease the rotor chamber

wall, then attach an adhesive white paper strip
(about 4 x 2 cm) so that liquid leaking out of the ro­tor may precipitate on it.

• Fill all places of the respective rotor with water

according to the following Table. Insert the rotor
into the centrifuge and fasten it.

• Carefully place the amount of test liquid (0.5 %

sodium fluorescein in water) specified in the col­umn “leakage test” into the lower part of the rotor
within a virtual circle comprising the vessel bores

(not the bores themselves) using a pipette or sy­ringe.

• Place the rotor lid on top and screw it on.

ATTENTION: Make sure that there is no spilled
test liquid on the rotor (clean if necessary)!

• Carry out a test run for 10 minutes at maximum

rotor speed and 23 °C ambient temperature.

• Check the paper strip under UV light (preferentially

in a darkened room):
If there is no detectable fluorescence, the test is
considered passed.

• Finally rinse rotor, rotor lid and lid seal in running

water and allow to dry.

30

Placing the tubes in the rotor

The rotor must be loaded symmetrically. When loading
the rotor only partially, you must ensure that opposite
bores always receive tubes of equal weight (when cen­trifuging a single sample, place a centrifuge tube e.g.
filled with water opposite). The following figure gives
examples for proper loading.

Operation

Uneven loading can in the extreme
case lead to actuation of the unbal­ance detection. Unbalance not only
causes a noisy run, but also rapidly
damages the drive.

3

1

1

2

4

1

1

1

5

1

1

S

m

T

a

N

0

6

x

E

1

l

M

o

U

a

d

1

R

T

2

7

9

S

4

N

x

I

1

4

S

8

1

9

2

0

2

1

8

g

U

E

A

7

p

R

p

E

H

1

/

6

9

6

m

#

p

r

3

5

3

0

2

0

4

0

2

3

1

2

x

4

a

m

2

3

3

2

4

2

1

3

1

1

2

4

1

1

1

5

1

1

S

m

T

a

N

0

6

x

E

1

l

M

o

U

a

d

1

R

T

2

7

9

S

4

N

x

I

1

4

S

8

1

9

p

p

2

0

2

1

8

g

U

E

A

7

R

E

H

1

/

6

9

6

m

#

p

r

3

5

3

0

2

0

4

0

2

3

1

2

x

4

a

m

2

3

3

2

4

2

1

3

1

1

2

4

1

1

1

5

1

1

S

m

T

a

N

0

6

x

E

1

l

M

o

U

a

d

1

R

T

2

7

9

S

4

N

x

I

1

4

S

8

8

g

U

E

1

A

9

7

p

R

p

E

H

2

1

0

/

6

9

6

m

2

#

p

1

r

3

5

3

0

2

0

4

0

2

3

1

2

x

4

a

m

2

3

3

2

4

2

1

3

1

1

2

4

1

1

1

5

1

1

S

m

T

a

N

0

6

x

E

1

l

M

o

U

a

d

1

R

T

2

7

9

S

4

N

x

I

1

4

S

8

8

g

U

E

1

A

9

7

p

R

p

E

H

2

1

0

/

6

9

6

m

2

#

p

1

r

3

5

3

0

2

0

4

0

2

3

1

2

x

4

a

m

2

3

3

2

4

2

1

3

1

1

2

4

1

1

1

5

1

1

S

m

T

a

N

0

6

x

E

1

l

M

o

U

a

d

1

R

T

2

7

9

S

4

N

x

I

1

4

S

8

8

g

U

E

1

A

9

7

p

R

p

E

H

2

1

0

/

6

9

6

m

2

#

p

1

r

3

5

3

0

2

0

4

0

2

3

1

2

x

4

a

m

2

3

3

2

4

2

1

3

1

1

2

4

1

1

1

5

1

1

S

m

T

a

N

0

6

x

E

1

l

M

o

U

a

d

1

R

T

2

7

9

S

4

N

x

I

1

4

S

8

1

9

2

0

2

1

8

g

U

E

A

7

p

R

p

E

H

1

/

6

9

6

m

#

p

r

3

5

3

0

2

0

4

0

2

3

1

2

x

4

a

m

2

3

3

2

4

2

1

3

1

1

2

4

1

1

1

5

1

1

S

m

T

a

N

0

6

x

E

1

l

M

o

U

a

d

1

R

T

2

7

9

S

4

N

x

I

1

4

S

8

1

9

p

p

2

0

2

1

8

g

U

E

A

7

R

E

H

1

/

6

9

6

m

#

p

r

3

5

3

0

2

0

4

0

2

3

1

2

x

4

a

m

2

3

3

2

4

2

1

These examples are to be applied to the other rotors in
an analogous manner!

After placing the tubes, close the rotor lid.

wrong loading

proper loading

31

Operation

Entering parameters

Braking curves

The Biofuge primo R offers a total of 9 running profiles
for optimally centrifuging samples and gradients.
Please consult the diagram examples in the Appendix
for a closer look at the acceleration and braking curves
(for rotors not mentioned there you may extrapolate the
respective values).

After switching the centrifuge on, the centrifugation
profiles last entered are preselected.

By pressing the "set" key
the subsequent profiles until the desired profile is
reached.

Once the display stops flashing, the value is stored in
memory and remains unchanged until changed by a
new entry.

Switching from speed to RCF display and
vice versa

Upon turning the centrifuge on, the speed display is the
default setting.

Use the speed/RCF display switch to choose between
speed and RCF entry or display.

you can switch through

Selecting the speed

The centrifuge can be set to a minimum of 300 and a
maximum of 15,000 min

You can adjust the speed in steps of 10 min
as follows:

1. By pressing once one of the "set" keys
increase) or
tion of the control panel, you switch from actual to
setpoint values. The value last stored is displayed,
with the digit to be entered flashing (if there is no
value stored in memory, this is indicated by dashes

-----).

2. By briefly pressing the input key you can now raise

0

15000

3. If you keep the key pressed, the display changes at
first slowly and after a few seconds at an acceler­ated pace.

4. Release the key as soon as you have reached the
desired value, and fine tune if necessary by repeat­edly pressing the key. The decimal place flashes for

-1

(depending on the rotor).

-1

. Proceed

(for an

(for a decrease) in the "speed" sec-

or lower the speed by
one step (10 min

-1

).

32

Operation

a number of seconds, then changes to permanent
display. The speed is now stored.

5. For faster operation, you may shift the flashing cur­sor in the speed/RCF and in the run time panels:
just press both and simultaneously. The cur­sor moves by one digit to the left for each key de­pression.

Entering the RCF value

You can adjust the RCF setpoint in steps of 1. The
setpoint is entered analogously to the speed.

As long as the rotor has not been identified, it is impos­sible to display RCF values. This is signaled by dashes

----- in the display.

Shortly after starting the centrifuge run the rotor is iden­tified, and the current value is displayed.

NOTE:

If you set an extremely low RCF value, this may be
automatically corrected if the resulting speed would be
lower than 300 rpm.

Concerning the RCF value

The relative centrifugal force (RCF) is given in multi­ples of the earth gravity g. It is a dimensionless number
that allows one to compare the efficiency of separation
or sedimentation of diverse instruments, since it is
independent of the instrument used. The only values
entered in the equation are radius and speed of cen­trifugation:

2

n



RCF

.




1000



r=∗

∗1118




r = radius of centrifugation in cm
n = speed in rpm

The maximum RCF value is based on the maximum
radius of the vessel bore.

Please note that this value becomes lower
depending on the tubes and adapters used.

You may take this into account when calculating the
RCF value for your application.

33

Operation

Selecting the run time

You can select a run time between 1 min and 9 h 59
min or continuous operation (hLd).

Preselected run time

To set a fixed run time, proceed as follows:

1. Press one of the "set" keys
(for a decrease) in the "time" section of the con-

trol panel once to switch from the actual to the set­point mode.

2. By briefly pressing the input key you can now raise

or lower the run time in 1-

2.30

3. If you keep the selected key pressed, the display

changes at first slowly and after a few seconds at
an accelerated pace.

minute steps.

(for an increase) or

4. Release the key as soon as you have reached the
desired value, and fine tune if necessary by repeat­edly pressing the key.

The minute display flashes for a number of sec­onds, then changes to permanent display. The run
time is now stored.

You may shift the flashing cursor to set the value as
described under "Selecting the speed".

Continuous operation

To switch the Biofuge primo R to the continuous mode,
you must press the key
"hLd".

With this setting, the centrifuge keeps running until
stopped manually.

until the display reads

34

Operation

Selecting the temperature

You can preselect the temperature in the range of

-9 °C to +40 °C.
(Please consult the standard diagram in the Appendix

to obtain the attainable values.)
To adjust the temperature, proceed as follows:

1. Press one of the "set" keys
(for a decrease) in the "temperature" section of

the control panel once to switch from the actual to
the setpoint mode.

2. By briefly pressing the input key you can now raise

or lower the temperature in 1-K

7

steps.

3. If you keep the selected key pressed, the display

changes at first slowly and after a few seconds at
an accelerated pace.

(for an increase) or

4. Release the key as soon as you have reached the
desired value, and fine tune if necessary by repeat­edly pressing the key.

The temperature display flashes for a number of sec­onds, then changes to the current value display. The
temperature setpoint is now stored.

35

Operation

Starting the centrifuge

Once the rotor is properly placed, the mains switch is
turned on and the lid is closed, you can start the centri­fuge.

Press the "start" key
fuge accelerates to the preselected value. Simultane­ously, the run time display starts going backward from
the preset time, at first giving the remaining run time in
minutes and upon reaching the last minute in seconds
(in continuous operation the time display goes for­ward).

If a value exceeding the maximum permissible speed
or RCF of the respective rotor was entered, this is indi­cated after the start of the centrifuge by the alternately
flashing messages "rotor" and the maximum permissi­ble value for the inserted rotor.

Within 15 seconds you may adopt this value by again
pressing the "start" key; the centrifugation is then con­tinued. Otherwise the centrifuge stops, and you must
enter a permissible value.

You cannot open the lid during the run.

in the control panel. The centri-

Unbalance detection

In case there is an unbalance in the rotor, this is indi­cated at a speed slightly exceeding approximately 300
rpm by the message "bAL".

The run is terminated, and you may restart the centri­fuge after correcting the error (check loading).

Changing the settings during the run

You can change all settings during a run. By pressing
once any one of the "set" keys in the control panel you
can switch from the actual to the setpoint mode.

The setting to be adjusted flashes and can then be
altered. Once the data input is finished and the display
has changed to the actual value display mode, the new
settings become operative.

36

Operation

Stopping the centrifuge

Stopping with preset time

Normally the run time has been preselected, and all
you have to do is wait until the centrifuge terminates
the run automatically at the end of the preset time.

As soon as the speed is down to zero, the display
reads "End". You can now open the centrifuge by
pressing the "open lid" key
ples.

You can manually stop the centrifuge at any time by
pressing the "stop“ key

At this point the remaining run time is displayed.

Stopping with continuous operation

If you have chosen continuous operation, you must
stop the centrifuge manually. Press the "stop" key
the control panel. The centrifuge starts braking with the
preset braking profile. The display reads "End", and
you can open the lid by pressing the "open lid" key
and remove your samples.

and remove your sam-

.

in

Temperature regulation at rest

The precise control becomes active once the rotor has
been identified; the speed panel then displays "End".

If the rotor has not been identified (lid has been closed
and the "start" key
speed panel reads "0" with flashing point), the instru­ment regulates the temperature so that the samples
cannot freeze in any one of the usable rotors.

If you find the systematic deviation of up to 4 K bother­some, you must start the rotor for a short period until it
is identified.

has not yet been pressed,

37

Operation

Short-time centrifugation

For short-term operation, the Biofuge primo R is
equipped with a "quick run" function.

Short-term centrifugation is started by pressing the
"quick run" key
key is released.

In this mode the centrifuge accelerates with full power
up to the maximum speed. The preset speed or RCF is
ignored in this case.

During acceleration the time is counted forward in sec­onds. The display remains until the centrifuge lid is
opened.

continuously; it stops as soon as the

Depending on the rotor, the centrifuge
accelerates to the maximum speed!

Check carefully whether you have to
maintain a specific speed for your
application.

Removing the rotor

To remove the rotor, you must follow the steps de­scribed for insertion in reverse order.

Grab rotor with both hands and pull
upwards perpendicularly.

1. Open the centrifuge lid.

2. Remove the rotor lid.

3. Unscrew the cap nut by turning it counterclockwise
using the socket wrench supplied, and remove the
cap nut.

4. Grab the rotor with both hands and lift it carefully off
the drive shaft. Make sure not to tilt it.

When using an aerosol-tight lid, you may in case of
contamination separate the pertinent rotors from the
drive shaft without opening the lid!

In this case you can e.g. open and decontaminate the
dismantled rotor using a safety work bench.

38

Maintenance and care

Maintenance and care

Maintenance operations to be carried out
by the customer

For the protection of persons, the environment and the
equipment you are obliged to clean the centrifuge regu­larly and to disinfect it if necessary.

Unsuitable cleaning agents or disin­fection procedures may damage the
centrifuge and its parts!

For cleaning and disinfection use only
the cleaning and disinfection proce­dures detailed in this manual.

Cleaning

Pull mains plug before cleaning the
instrument!

The main care is to clean regularly (or as need arises)
the housing, the rotor chamber, the rotor and the ac­cessories. This is indicated both for reasons of hygiene
and to prevent corrosion due to contamination sticking
to the instrument and its accessories.

For cleaning you should only use agents approved by
KENDRO:

− Caraform

− deconex 16 NT

− Extran MA 02 neutral

− RBS neutral

For all other cleaning agents please consult our Ser­vice Department!

39

Maintenance and care

Organic solvents decompose the lu­bricant of the motor bearing. The drive
shaft may jam.

Liquids and especially organic sol­vents must not come into contact with
the drive shaft and the ball bearing
during cleaning.

If an ice sheet was present in the inner
chamber, make sure to remove the water
formed during defrosting.

Disinfection

Infectious material may enter the cen­trifuge if the vessel fractures or in the
case of spillage.
Risk of infection if touched!

Note the permitted filling volumes!

In the event of contamination, the user
must ensure that no third parties are
in danger!
Parts affected must be decontami­nated immediately.

Note the personnel safety measures!

If necessary, further safety measures
must be taken.

If a centrifuge tube containing infectious material be­comes leaky or breaks during a run, you must immedi­ately disinfect the centrifuge. In doing this, you must
heed the following points:

40

Maintenance and care

• To decontaminate the affected rotor chamber and

rotor, use only disinfectants approved by KENDRO.
These agents are to be used according to the In­structions for Use supplied with the respective disin­fectant:

− Aldasan 2000

− Carlitt Spray

− Coldspore

− Gigasept FF

− HBV Pump-Spray

− Incidin Liquid Spray

− Incidur Spray

− Incidin plus

− Kohrsolin iD

− Lysetol FF

− Lysoform

− Lysoformin 3000

− Sagromed

− Sagrotan

For all other disinfectants please consult our Service
Department!

• You may disinfect the rotor and the accessories as

described in the following section. Be sure to follow
the pertinent safety procedures for handling infec­tious material.

1. Pull the mains plug.

2. Unscrew the rotor seat.

3. Grab the rotor with both hands and pull it perpen-

dicularly off the drive shaft.

4. Remove the centrifuge tubes and adapters, and

disinfect them or dispose of them as necessary.

5. Treat the rotor and the rotor lid according to the

instructions given for the disinfectant in question
(soaking in liquid or spraying). You must strictly ob­serve the specified reaction times!

6. Turn the rotor head down and drain it. Thoroughly

rinse rotor and lid with water.

7. Dispose of the disinfectant solution as required by

the respective valid regulations.

8. Aluminum rotors must subsequently be treated with

anticorrosive grease.

41

Maintenance and care

Disinfection with eau de Javelle

These bleaching agents contain extremely aggressive
hypochlorite solutions and may in no case be used with
aluminium rotors. To protect the rotor 75007599 as far
as possible you must take the following precautions:

1. Avoid high temperatures!
The bleaching solution and the rotor should not be
warmer than ca. 25 °C.

2. Do not let the bleaching solution act longer than
absolutely necessary!

3. After disinfection, rinse the rotor thoroughly with
distilled water and allow to dry.

Autoclaving

Check whether autoclaving is permitted!

(See note in Table 1 starting on page 14 and labels on
rotor body and rotor lid.)

You may autoclave the rotor and the adapters at
121 °C.

Maximum permissible autoclaving cycle: 20 min at
121 °C.

For reasons of safety you may auto­clave the rotor 7500 7599 maximally 10
times!

The rotor must be cleaned and rinsed with distilled
water before being autoclaved. Remove the rotor lid,
the centrifuge tubes and the adapters. Place plastic
rotors on an even surface to avoid deformation.

Chemical additives to the steam are not permitted.

Never exceed the maximum permissi­ble values for autoclaving temperature
and autoclaving time.

Should the rotor show signs of wear,
you must stop using it!

42

Maintenance and care

The Service of KENDRO

Kendro Laboratory Products GmbH recommends an­nual servicing of the centrifuge and the accessories by
the authorized service or skilled personnel. The service
provided by KENDRO comprises checking:

• the electrical installation

• the suitability of the location

• the lid lock mechanism and the safety circuit

• the rotor

• the rotor fastening and the drive shaft

Defective parts are exchanged. Besides, the service
personnel cleans the rotor chamber.

KENDRO offers inspection and service contracts cov­ering these benefits. Inspection costs are charged as
flat-rate contracts.

Necessary repairs are carried out free of cost during
the warranty period, and against payment after expira­tion of the warranty.

Warranty conditions

The warranty period starts with the day of delivery.
Within the warranty period the centrifuge is repaired or
replaced free of cost if there are demonstrable faults in
materials or workmanship.

Conditions for a warranty are that:

• the centrifuge is used according to the instructions

of use

• installation, additions, adjustments, changes or

repairs are carried out exclusively by personnel au­thorized for this by KENDRO

• the required maintenance and care procedures are

carried out regularly.

43

Maintenance and care

for your notes

44

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting

Emergency lid release

In case of a power failure you cannot open the lid nor­mally using the normal electrical lid unlocking mecha­nism. To permit unloading even in this case, the centri­fuge is equipped with a manual lid unlocking system.
However, you may use this system only in case of
emergency.

Rotor can spin at high speed! Touching
it may cause severe injuries!

Always wait for several minutes until
the rotor has come to a complete stop.
Without power the brake does not func­tion, and braking takes much longer
than normal!

Proceed as follows:

1. Make sure that the rotor stands still (consult window
in the lid).

Never brake the rotor using your hands
or tools!

2. Unplug the mains plug.

3. Near the front panel of the housing there is a plastic
plug underneath the instrument that you can pry out
of the bottom plate using a screw driver or a knife.
By suddenly pulling the attached rip cord you can
activate the mechanical lid unlocking mechanism.
The lid opens, and you can remove your samples.

45

Troubleshooting

4. Finally, push the rip cord back into the instrument
and close the opening with the plastic plug.

Once the power is back, you can connect the instru­ment to the mains supply and turn it on.

46

Problems you can handle yourself

If problems other than those described in the following tables arise, you must consult the authorized
service.

Error

Behavior of the
centrifuge

Troubleshooting

Possible causes and corrective measures

Displays
remain dark

Displays fail
briefly.

The motor stops.

The rotor stops without
braking.

The lid cannot be
opened.

The motor stops
suddenly.

The rotor stops without
braking.

The display reads E-14.

Mains failure or not connected.

1. Is the mains switch turned on?

2. Check the mains connection.

3. If the mains connection is OK, call the nearest Service.

Brief interruption of mains supply.

1. Turn off mains switch.

2. Check whether the plug is plugged in properly.

3. Restart the centrifuge.

47

Troubleshooting

Error

Lid cannot be
opened.

–

Behavior of the
centrifuge

Pressing the "open lid"
key has no effect.

Centrifuge is
exceptionally noisy.

Possible causes and corrective measures

Lid not correctly engaged or lid warped.

1. Check whether mains connection is OK and the instrument
switched on (displays lit).

2. Press lid down in the middle of the front section once, and actuate
the "open lid" key anew.
(Each additional actuation of "open lid" key requires a waiting time
of about 4 seconds.)

3. If this is unsuccessful, you may open the lid using the emergency
lid release (see page 45).

1. Stop the centrifuge by pressing the "stop" key

, in case of

emergency pull mains plug.

2. Wait until the centrifuge stands still.

3. Check whether the rotor is properly loaded.

4. Check whether a broken vessel, damage to the rotor or motor
malfunction was responsible for the noise.

If you cannot locate and solve the problem, call Service.

48

Troubleshooting

Error

Message "bAl"
appears in
display.

Message
"rotor"
appears in
display.

Display
"OPEN"
appears
although lid is
closed.

Behavior of the
centrifuge

Rotor stops without
braking.

Rotor decelerates with
brake on following a
pause.

Start impossible.

Possible causes and corrective measures

Unbalance switch actuated.

1. Open the instrument by pressing "open lid" key ..

2. Check whether the rotor is properly loaded.

3. Check whether a broken vessel or damage to the rotor was
responsible for unbalance switch actuation.

Set speed exceeds permissible maximum speed for the rotor in
question. (The same holds for RCF setting.)

A) For about 15 sec. the display shows alternately "rotor" and the

maximum permissible speed or RCF for the inserted rotor. Within
this period, it is possible to adopt this value by again pressing the
"start" key. The centrifugation is then continued.

B) Following onset of braking you must wait until the rotor has

stopped. By opening and closing the lid you can reset the
message "rotor". After entering a permissible speed you can start
anew.

Lid not properly closed.

Open the lid and repeat locking procedure.

49

Troubleshooting

Error

Message "Lid"
appears in the
display.

E-00

E-02

E-03

Behavior of the

Possible causes and corrective measures

centrifuge

Drive stops.

Rotor coasts to rest.

Lid was opened manually during the run.

1. Press the lid shut again. The instrument stops without braking.

2. If you want to continue the run, you must switch the instrument off
and on again.

Motor does not start. Motor or rotor blocked.

1. Switch instrument off and on again using the mains switch.

2. Open the lid.

3. Check whether the rotor can turn freely.

If you cannot thus relieve the malfunction, call our Service.

Rotor stops without

Internal program error in memory.

braking to standstill.

Switch the instrument off and on again. If the error persists, call our
Instrument cannot be
operated.

Rotor stops without

Service.

Error in speed measurement.
braking to standstill.

Switch the instrument off and on again. If the error persists, call our
Instrument cannot be
operated.

Service.

50

Troubleshooting

Error

E-04

E-06

E-07

E-08

Behavior of the
centrifuge

Rotor stops without
braking to standstill.

Instrument cannot be
operated.

Rotor stops without
braking to standstill.

Instrument cannot be
operated.

Rotor stops without
braking to standstill.

Lid can be opened.

Rotor stops without
braking to standstill.

Instrument cannot be
operated.

Possible causes and corrective measures

Temperature measurement impaired (probe breakage).

Switch the instrument off and on again. If the error persists, call our
Service.

Communication error between keyboard and main processor.

Switch the instrument off and on again. If the error persists, call our
Service.

Overtemperature in the tank.

Display > 51°C or measured temperature > 70°C .
(Possibly refrigeration unit defective)

Overvoltage at the U/F converter.

Mains voltage outside tolerance. Brake resistance defective. Call
Service if trouble persists

51

Troubleshooting

Error

E-10

E-12

E-14

E-15

Behavior of the
centrifuge

During self test after
switching on.

Rotor stops without
braking to standstill.

Instrument cannot be
operated.

Instrument does not start
or brakes to standstill.

Rotor stops without
braking to standstill.

Instrument cannot be
operated.

Possible causes and corrective measures

NV-RAM; error in program memory.

Switch the instrument off and on again. If the problem persists, call

Service.

Temperature measurement impaired.

Switch the instrument off and on again. If the problem persists, call

Service.

No rotor present or rotor identification impossible.

A) Check whether a certified rotor is inserted.

B) Following a brief power failure, the rotor could not be identified.

Switch the instrument off and on again using the mains switch.

Check sum in NV-RAM wrong.

52

Troubleshooting

Error

Behavior of the
centrifuge

E-17 Lid does not open.

E-19

During self test after
switching on.

E-22

During self test after
switching on.

E-24

During self test after
switching on.

E-25

Rotor stops without
braking to standstill.

Possible causes and corrective measures

Lid blocked or jammed.

Press the front part of the lid centrally down once, and press the
"open lid" key anew.

Otherwise see "Emergency lid release" (page 45)

Wrong NV-RAM or keyboard.

NV-RAM parameter incompatible with processor

NV-RAM 2 absent.

Start without rotor.

1. Turn instrument off and on again.

2. Open the instrument by pressing the "Open lid" key

..

3. Check whether the rotor is loaded and placed correctly.

4. Check whether a broken vessel or a damaged rotor was
responsible for actuating the unbalance switch.

If the error persists, call Service.

53

Troubleshooting

In case you must call the Service

Should you need our Service, please tell us the order
no. and serial number of your instrument. You find the
pertinent information at the back of the instrument near
the socket for the mains plug.

Moreover it is helpful for our service technician to know
the software version. You can determine the software
version as follows:

1. Switch the instrument off.

2. Switch the instrument on.
All displays read 8.88888… for about one second.
Subsequently, the display may show e.g. the follow-

ing readings for 2 seconds each:
Software version keyboard

Software version

NV-RAM version 1

NV-RAM version 2

The values in the time panel give the development
stage.

__591 __2

__590 __6

_2571 __7

_2572 __2

The last information displayed is the current cycle
status.

Cycle counter

__235 _CY
The values given are only examples!
During the subsequent program test, the message

_ TEST PRO 9 ... 0 is displayed.

54

Technical data

Function/parameter Value

Technical data

environmental conditions

- indoor use

- max. elevation 2000 m above sea level

- max. relative humidity 80 % up to 31 °C; linearly decreasing down

to 50 % relative humidity at 40 °C.

permissible temperature of the environment +2 °C to +40 °C

run time 1 min - 9 h 59 min, hold = permanent operation

maximum speed n

minimum speed n

15,000 min

max

300 min-1

min

maximum RCF value at n

21,885

max

-1

(rotor-dependent, adjustable in steps of 10)

maximum kinetic energy <10 kNm

noise at maximum speed < 60 dB (A)

set temperature range -9 °C to +40 °C

dimensions (H x W x D) 313 mm x 580 mm x 493 mm

weight without rotor 69.5 kg

55

Technical data

Function/parameter Value

compliance with standards

Manufactured and checked in accordance with
EN 61 010-1, EN 61 010-2-020, EN 50 081-1, EN 50 082-1.

Electrical connections/fuses

Order no. Voltage Frequency

7500 5440 230 V 50 / 60 Hz 2.9 A 490 W 4.0 A 10 AT

7500 5441 120 V 60 Hz 7.4 A 680 W 8.0 A 10 AT

Nominal
current

Power
consumption

Fuse protection
of instrument

Fuse protec­tion of build­ing

56

Appendix

Braking and acceleration curves

Acceleration curves

4000

3000

]

-1

2000

speed [min

1000

0

0 20 40 60 80 100

Braking curves

Appendix

92

1

time [s]

57

Appendix

]

-1

speed [min

4000

3000

2000

1000

+

21

5

6

8

9

7

3

4

0

0 50 100 150

58

time [s]

Speed / RCF diagrams

100000

75007590 fixed-angle rotor 6 x 50 ml (Falcon)

RCF (r

= 12,4 cm)

max

RCF (r

= 6,0 cm)

min

Appendix

10000

1000

RCF

100

10

1

100 1000 10000 100000

speed [min

-1

]

n

= 8500 min-1

max

RCF (r

max

, n

max

) = 10015

59

Appendix

RCF

10000

1000

100

10

75007591 swinging bucket rotor 4 x 50 ml (Falcon) / 4 x 100 ml

RCF (r

= 14,5 cm)

RCF (r

max

= 5,0 cm)

min

n

= 4000 min-1

max

RCF (r

max

, n

) = 2584

max

60

1

100 1000 10000

speed [min-1]

Appendix

75007592 swinging bucket rotor 12 x 1,5 / 2,0 ml

RCF (r

= 8,7 cm)

RCF (r

max

= 4,7 cm)

min

100000

10000

1000

n

= 13000 min-1

100

RCF

max

RCF (r

max

, n

) = 16438

max

10

1

100 1000 10000 100000

speed [min-1]

61

Appendix

100000

75007593 fixed-angle rotor 24 x 1.5 / 2 ml

RCF (r

= 8,7 cm)

RCF (r

max

= 5,9 cm)

min

62

10000

RCF

1000

n

= 17000 min-1

max

RCF (r

max

, n

max

) = 28106

100

10

1

100 1000 10000 100000

-1

speed [min

]

Appendix

75007599 microliter rotor 24 x 1.5 / 2 ml

RCF (r

RCF (r

= 8,5 cm)

max

= 5,9 cm)

min

100000

10000

1000

n

= 13000 min-1

RCF

100

max

RCF (r

max

, n

max

) = 16058

10

1

100 1000 10000 100000

-1

speed [min

]

63

Appendix

100000

75007595 drum rotor 80 x 2 ml

RCF (r

= 8,7 cm)

RCF (r

max

= 3,8 cm)

min

64

RCF

10000

1000

n

= 13000 min-1

100

max

RCF (r

10

1

100 1000 10000 100000

speed [min

-1

]

max

, n

max

) = 16436

Standard values for minimum sample temperature

Appendix

Rotor #7590/6x Falcon 50ml

(relativ e to room t emperature 23°C)

0

-5

min. tem perature (°C )

-10
6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500

speed (m in-1)

Rotor #7595/Trommel

(relativ e t o room tem perature 23°C )

5

0

-5

min. t emperature (°C)

-10
8000 9000 10000 11000 12000

speed (m in-1)

Rotor #7593/24x2ml Alu

(relativ e t o room tem perature 23°C )

5

0

-5

min. t emperature (°C)

-10
9000 11000 13000 15000

speed (min-1)

Rotor #7599/24x2ml PP

(relativ e t o room tem perature 23°C )

0

-5

min. tem perature (°C )

-10

10000 11000 12000 13000

speed (m in-1)

65

Appendix

Standard values for minimum sample temperature

66

Autoclaving protocol for rotor 7500 7599

Date Remark Operator Signature

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Appendix

67

Appendix

for your notes

68

Index

A

acceleration curves 57

acceleration profiles 8, 10
acceleration time 14, 15
accessories 13

cap nut 8
tubular socket wrench 8

adapters

fixed-angle rotor 16
microliter rotor 16

adjustable bases

for leveling 20

aerosol tightness

check 30
aerosol-tight 14, 15
aerosol-tight operation

maximum allowed volumes 28
agents

for cleaning 39
aluminium rotors

anticorrosive grease 41
angle rotor 14
anticorrosive grease

for aluminium rotors 41

Index

approved rotors 22
autoclaving 42
autoclaving cycle

permissible maximum 42

autoclaving protocol

rotor 7500 7594 67

B

bleaching agents

for disinfection 42
braking curves 32
Braking curves 57
braking profiles 8, 10
braking time 14, 15
buckets

swinging bucket rotor 17

C

cap nut

for fixing rotor 8
centrifuge tubes 8

filling 27
changing settings

69

Index

during run 36
cleaning 39
closing the lid 21
conditions of warranty 43
continuous operation 34
control panel

readings 8
corrosive substances

protective vessels for 4
cursor

shifting 33

D

damage

symbol for potential 5
dangerous chemicals 3
diagnostic messages 11
disinfectants

approved 41
disinfection 4, 40

procedure 41

with eau de Javelle 42
display 21
displays

brief failure 47

not lit 47

drum rotor 15

racks 18

E

Easycontrol

user interface 8
Easycontrol user interface 10
EC Guidelines 5
electrical connections 56
emergency lid release 45
error codes

„Lid“ 50
error codes

„bAl“ 49

E-00 50

E-02 50

E-03 50

E-04 51

E-06 51

E-07 51

E-08 51

E-10 52

E-12 52

E-14 52

E-15 52

E-17 53

E-19 53

E-22 53

70

Index

E-25 53
Message "rotor" 49
OPEN with lid closed 49

error messages 11

F

features 9
filling

centrifuge tubes 27
fixed-angle rotor 14
fluorescein

test solution for aerosol tightness 30
formula

maximum permissible load 27
frequency 20
functional properties 9
fuses 56

H

hazardous substances 3
hazards

symbols used for 5
hints

symbol for 5
hypochlorite solutions

for disinfection 42

I

icons

for denoting dangers and potential damage 5
indoor use 19
infectious material

precautions in case of tube breakage 40
inserting the rotor 22
installation 19
items delivered 8

K

k factor 14, 15
Kendro

Service 43

L

lid

blockage 48
lid opening 10
Lid operation 21

71

Index

lid unlocking mechanism

manual 45

lifetime

plastic tubes 27

loading

for aerosol-tight operation 28
maximum 27

rotors 7590 and 7595 28
location 19
lubrication

O-Rings 23

swinging bucket rotors 23

M

mains connection 20
mains switch 20
maintenance 39
manual lid unlocking 45
manual stopping 37
maximum allowed volumes

for aerosol-tight operation 28
maximum filling volume

aerosol-tight operation 29
maximum loading 27
maximum permissible load

formula for 27
maximum permissible RCF 36

maximum permissible speed 36
maximum sample density 3
microliter rotor 15
min. temperature 14, 15
minimum distance

from wall 19

minimum sample temperature

standard values 65, 66

N

noisy operation 48

O

opening the lid 21
operation

short-time 38

organic solvents

not allowed for cleaning 40

original parts

mandatory use 4

O-Rings

lubrication 23

overloading

dangers implied 27

72

Index

P

parameters

entry 32

partial loading

of rotor 31

pathogenic microorganisms

protection against 4
permissible speed 27
plastic tubes

limited lifetime 27
positioning 20
preselection

temperature 35
problems

handling of 47
protective vessels

for corrosive substances 4

Q

quick run function 38
quick run mode 8, 10

R

radius 14, 15
radius of centrifugation

for calculation of RCF value 33

RCF

maximum 36
RCF / speed diagrams 59
RCF display 32

and rotor identification 33
RCF selection 10
RCF setpoint 33
RCF value 8, 14, 15, 33
readings

of control panel during run 8
relative centrifugal force 33
rip cord

manual lid unlocking 45
rotor

cap nut for fixing 8

loading 31

partial loading 31

removal 38
rotor cap 23
rotor identification 7, 33

and RCF display 33
rotor insertion 22

temperature 22

tools for 22

73

Index

rotor program 14
rotor temperature

permissible 26

rotors

approved 22
run profile 8
run time

range 34

setting 34
run time display

during run 36
run time selection 10
running profiles 32

S

safety instructions 3, 4
safety measures 3
safety standards 5
safety systems

built-in 7
safety zone 3, 19
sample density

maximum 3
sample temperature

minimum 66
selection

temperature 35

74

service contracts

Kendro 43

setting

run time 34
temperature 35

settings

change during run 36
short-time operation 38
socket wrench 8
sodium fluorescein

test solution for aerosol tightness 30
software check

internal 21
software version

determination 54
speed

maximum 36

permissible 27
speed / RCF diagrams 59
speed display 32
speed of centrifugation

for calculation of RCF value 33
speed selection 10, 32
speed setting 32
speed/RCF display

switch 32
standard values

minimum sample temperature 65
stopping

manually 37

Index

with continuous operation 37

with preset time 37
substructure 19
swinging bucket rotor 14

adapters 17

buckets 17
swinging bucket rotors

lubrication 23
switching

from RCF to speed display and vice versa 32
symbols

for hazards and dangers 5

T

technical data 55
temperature

samples 66
temperature regulation

at rest 37
temperature selection 10
time

counted forward in quick run mode 38
time display

during run 36
tools for inserting rotor 22
toxins

protection against 4

transport 19

precautions for 19

tube

breakage with infectious material 40

tubes

for centrifugation 8

U

unbalance 27
unbalance detection 7, 31, 36
user interface 10

Easycontrol 10

V

voltage 20

W

warranty conditions 43

75

Kendro Laboratory Products GmbH
Postbox 15 63
D-63405 Hanau / Germany
Telephone:
(+49) 1805 / 53 63 76

Telefax:
(+49) 61 81/ 3 57 49, Sales
(+49) 55 22/ 31 62 76, Service
Telephone:
(+49) 55 22/ 31 62 22, Service

In the interest of continuous product
development, we reserve the right to make
changes without express notice.

20056884 Primo R_UK 03/01
Printed in Germany