Hanna Instruments HI 98188 User Manual

Instruction Manual

HI 98188

USP Compliant

EC, TDS, NaCl, Resistivity,

Temperature Meter

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1

Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna Instruments product.
Please read this instruction manual carefully before using the instruments.
This manual will provide you with the necessary information for correct use of

the instruments, as well as a precise idea of their versatility.
If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at

[e-mail] or turn to the back cover for our worldwide contact list.
These instruments are in compliance with directives.

WARRANTYWARRANTY

WARRANTY

WARRANTYWARRANTY

The HI 98188 is guaranteed for two years against defects in workmanship and
materials when used for their intended purpose and maintained according to
instructions. Electrodes and probes are guaranteed for six months. This warranty
is limited to repair or replacement free of charge.

Damage due to accidents, misuse, tampering or lack of prescribed maintenance
is not covered.

If service is required, contact the dealer from whom you purchased the
instrument. If under warranty, report the model number, date of purchase,
serial number and the nature of the problem. If the repair is not covered by
the warranty, you will be notified of the charges incurred. If the instrument is
to be returned to Hanna Instruments, first obtain a Returned Goods Authori­zation number from the Technical Service department and then send it with
shipping costs prepaid. When shipping any instrument, make sure it is
properly packed for complete protection.

TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTS

WARRANTY .......................................................................................................................................... 2

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION ................................................................................................................. 3

GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................... 4

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................. 5

SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................................. 7

OPERATIONAL GUIDE ........................................................................................................................... 9

AUTORANGING ................................................................................................................................... 1 4

TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION ........................................................................................................... 15

CONDUCTIVITY VERSUS TEMPERATURE CHART .. ............ ............ ............................................................. 1 6

USP MEASUREMENT .......................................................................................................................... 1 7

USP MODE PROCEDURES .................................................................................................................... 2 1

USER CALIBRATION ............................................................................................................................ 2 5

GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE (GLP) ..................................................................................................... 3 3

SETUP .............................................................................................................................................. 3 5

LOG ON DEMAND .............................................................................................................................. 4 7

AUTOLOG ......................................................................................................................................... 5 0

AutoEnd ............................................................................................................................................ 52

TEMPERATURE CALIBRATION (for technical personnel only) ..................................................................... 53

PC INTERFACE ................................................................................................................................... 56

BATTERIES RECHARGING/REPLACEMENT ................................................................................................ 6 3

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE ................................................................................................................ 6 5

PROBE MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................................ 6 6

ACCESSORIES .................................................................................................................................... 6 7

2

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONPRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONPRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Remove the instrument from the packing material and examine it carefully to
make sure that no damage has occurred during shipping. If there is any
damage, notify your Dealer or the nearest Hanna Customer Service Center.

Each instrument is supplied with:

• HI 76313 4-ring probe with temperature sensor (4m cable)

• 100 mL Plastic Beaker

• 4 x 1.2 V AA Rechargeable Batteries (inside the instrument)

• HI 710042 Inductive Recharger with power adapter

• HI 7031M 1413 mS/cm calibration standard (230 ml)

• HI 7035M 111.8 mS/cm calibration standard (230 ml)

• Instruction Manual

• Rugged carrying case

Note: Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument

functions correctly. All defective items must be returned in the original
packing with the supplied accessories.

Hanna Instruments reserves the right to modify the design,

construction and appearance of its products without advance notice.

3

GENERAL DESCRIPTIONGENERAL DESCRIPTION

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

GENERAL DESCRIPTIONGENERAL DESCRIPTION

The HI 98188 instrument is state-of-the-art, heavy-duty conductivity meter,
designed to provide laboratory results and accuracy under harsh industrial
conditions.
The USP standard compliance makes the instrument useful for pure water
determination.
It is provided with a series of new diagnostic features which add an entirely new
dimension to the measurement of conductivity, by allowing the user to dramati­cally improve the reliability of the measurement:

• 7 memorized standards (0.00 mS/cm, 84.0 mS/cm, 1.413 mS/cm,

5.00 mS/cm, 12.88 mS/cm, 80.0 mS/cm and 111.8 mS/cm) for calibra­tion.

• EC calibration up to five calibration points.

• Messages on the graphic LCD for an easy and accurate calibration.

• Diagnostic features to alert the user when the electrode needs cleaning.

• User selectable “Outside Calibration Range” warning.

• User-selectable “calibration time out” to remind when a new calibration is
necessary.

Moreover, they offer an extended temperature range from –20 to 120 ºC
(–4 to 248 ºF), using temperature sensor inside EC electrode.
This instrument can also measure in Resistivity, TDS and Salinity ranges.
Three salinity modes are available:

sea water scale

Other features include:

• Temperature source selection

• Temperature automatic compensation, linear or non linear user selectable

• Temperature reference selection 15 °C, 20 °C or 25 °C.

• Temperature coefficient set

• Log on demand up to 400 samples

• Auto Log feature up to 1000 records

• Auto Hold feature, to freeze first stable reading on the LCD

• Lock and user setup Fixed range selection

• GLP feature, to view last calibration data for EC, NaCl

• Probe change recognition

• PC interface

• Probe replatinization

.

% NaCl, Practical salinity

and

Natural

4

Front viewFront view

Front view

Front viewFront view

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONFUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONFUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

1

2

HI 98188

EC/TDS/NaCl/Resistivity Meter

3

4

5

6

7

ESC

CAL

SETUP

OFF

ON

HELP

RANGE

MODE

RCL

LIGHT

GLP

1) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD).

2) F1, F2, F3 functional keys.

/ keys to manually increase/decrease the parameters or to scroll between

3)

the parameter list.

4) ESC to leave current mode, exit calibration, setup, help. etc.

5) CAL key, to enter/exit calibration mode.

6) RCL key, to enter/exit view logged data mode.

7) SETUP key, to enter/exit SETUP mode.

8) ON/OFF key, to turn the instrument ON and OFF.

9) GLP key, to display Good Laboratory Practice information.

10) LIGHT key to toggle display backlighting.

11) MODE key to toggle between EC and USP or between Salinity ranges.

12) RANGE key, to switch between EC, Resistivity, TDS, NaCl.

13) Help key to enter/exit contextual help.

13

12

11

10

98

5

Top viewTop view

Top view

Top viewTop view

14) Electrode DIN connector.

15) USB connector.

6

SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS

SPECIFICATIONS

SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS

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8

OPERATIONAL GUIDEOPERATIONAL GUIDE

OPERATIONAL GUIDE

OPERATIONAL GUIDEOPERATIONAL GUIDE

INITIAL PREPARATION

The instrument is supplied complete with rechargeable batteries. Proceed with
a complete charging process before starting (see page 63).

To prepare the instrument for field measurements close the serial communica­tion socket with proper stopper (to ensure waterproof protection).

Connect the EC probe to the DIN connector on the top of the instrument. Tighten
the thread ring. Make sure the probe sleeve is properly inserted.

Turn the instrument ON by pressing ON/OFF key.
At start-up the display will show the Hanna logo for a few seconds followed by

the percentage indication of the remaining battery charge and the “Loading
Log...” message, then enters the measurement mode.

The auto-off feature turns the instrument off after a set period (default 30 min)
with no button pressed to save battery life. To set another period or to disable
this feature, see SETUP menu on page 35. The instrument continues to
monitor the inputs and memorize readings if the automatic logging is enabled
and started. To stop autologging press StopLog key or simply power off the
instrument by pressing ON/OFF key.

The auto-off backlight feature turns the backlight off after a set period (default
1 min) with no buttons pressed. To set another period or to disable this
feature, see SETUP menu on page 35.

MEASUREMENTS

Immerse the probe into the solution to be tested. The sleeve holes must be
completely submerged. Tap the probe repeatedly to remove any air bubbles
that may be trapped inside the sleeve.

If needed, press RANGE repeatedly until the desired range (EC, Resistivity,
TDS, Salt) is selected on the LCD.

Allow for the reading to stabilize. The main LCD line displays the measurement
in the selected range, while the temperature is displayed on the lower LCD line.

9

EC range

The conductivity range is from 0 to 400 mS/cm . The actual conductivity range
(the uncompensated conductivity) is up to 1000 mS/cm. The instrument will
display conductivity readings up to 1000 mS.

Note: The symbol in front of the temperature reading means that the

temperature can be entered by the user (Manual option selected in

Setup, or temperature out of range).

Resistivity range

The reciprocal of the conductivity of a material is the resistivity.

TDS range

A conductivity measured value can be corrected to a total disolved solids value
using the TDS factor.

Salinity

The salinity is derived from the conductivity of a sample.

Salt % range

The percent of salinity in a sample is depending of the sample and on the
salinity coefficient.

10

From practical reasons, the salinity of a solution is derived from the salinity of
the seawater. Two methods of calculating the salinity from the conductivity are
suported:

• Natural seawater scale

• Practical salinity scale

Natural sea water scale (UNESCO 1966)

According to the definition, salinity of a sample in ppt is calculated using the
following formula:

where:
R

T

- coefficient;

CT(sample) - uncompensated conductivity at T °C;
C(35;15)= 42914 mS/cm - the corresponding conductivity of KCl solution

containing a mass of 32.4356 g KCl / 1 Kg solution;

r

T

- temperature compensation polynom.

Note: The formula can be applied for temperatures between 10 °C and 31 °C.
To access this range press Mode while in Salinity range until the sea water

scale [SW] is displayed.

Practical salinity scale

This is a practical scale based on the precise measurement of the electrical
conductivity of a range of solution of known salinity.

The relationship derived from the scale relate salinity, conductivity, tempera­ture and pressure and use a solution with a salinity of 35 ‰ as datum point.
This is taken to have a conductivity of 42.914 % mS/cm of 15 °C and
atmospheric pressure.

11

According to the definition, salinity of a sample in psu (practical salinity units)
is calculated using the following formula:

R

T

- coefficient;

CT(sample) - uncompensated conductivity at T °C;
C(35,15)= 42.914 mS/cm - the corresponding conductivity of KCl solution

containing a mass of 32.4356 g KCl / 1 Kg solution;

r

T

- temperature compensation polynom
a0 = 0.008 b0=0.0005
a1 = -0.1692 b1= -0.0056
a2 = 25.3851 b2= -0.0066
a

= 14.0941 b3= -0.0375

3

a

= -7.0261 b4= 0.0636

4

a

= 2.7081 b5= -0.0144

5

c

= 0.008

0

c

= 0.0005

1

X = 400R
Y = 100R

T

T

f (T)= (T-15)/[1+0.0162(T-15)]

Note: • The formula can be applied for salinity values between

0 and 42 psu.

• The formula can be applied for temperatures between

-2 °C and 35 °C.

To reach this range press Mode while in Salinity range until the practical
salinity scale [PSU] is displayed.

12

Notes:

• If the meter displays the top of the range blinking, the reading is out of

range.

• If the stability indicator “ ” blinks, the reading is unstable.

• Make sure the meter is calibrated before taking measurements.

• If measurements are taken successively in different samples, for accurate

readings it is recommended to rinse the probe thoroughly with deionized
water before immersing it into the samples.

• TDS reading is obtained by multiplying the EC reading by the TDS factor,

which has a default value of 0.50. It is possible to change the TDS factor
in the 0.40 to 1.00 range by entering setup mode.

The probes designed to work with this instrument have an internal ID
identificatior. Every time the instrument detects probe changing, it warns the
user to update the cell constant according with the new probe and then
calibrate the EC range.

13

AUTORANGINGAUTORANGING

AUTORANGING

AUTORANGINGAUTORANGING

The EC, Resistivity and TDS scales are autoranging. The meter automatically
sets the scale with the highest possible resolution.

By pressing Lock, the autoranging feature is disabled and the current range is
frozen on the LCD.

The “Range: Locked” message is displayed. To restore the autoranging
option press “AutoRng” functional key again.

The autoranging mode is also disabled by selecting a “fixed range” in the
Setup menu. While in fixed range mode the instrument will display the
readings with the fixed resolution. Maximum 6 digits can be displayed. The
top of the fixed range is displayed blinking when the reading exceeds this
value.

To disable fixed range mode enter Setup and select autoranging mode.
Note: Autoranging is automatically restored if the range is changed, if the

calibration mode is entered, or if the meter is turned off and back on
again.

14

TEMPERATURE COMPENSATIONTEMPERATURE COMPENSATION

TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION

TEMPERATURE COMPENSATIONTEMPERATURE COMPENSATION

Two selectable temparature sources are available: reading directly from the
sensor inside the probe or manual entry.

Three options of compensating temperature are available:
Linear Temperature Compensation: The conductivity of a solution with a

specific electrolyte concentration changes with temperature. The relationship of
the change in conductivity as a function of temperature is described by a
solution’s temperature coefficient. This coefficient varies with each solution and
is user selectable (see Setup mode).

Non Linear Temperature Compensation: for natural water measurements.

The conductivity of natural water shows strong non-linear temperature
behaviour.

A polinomial relationship is used to improve the accuracy of the calculated
results.

Note: Conductivity measurements of natural water can only be performed at

temperature ranging from 0 to 36 °C. Otherwise the “Out T range”
message will be displayed blinking.

No Temperature Compensation (No TC): The temperature shown on the
LCD is not taken into account.

To select the desired option enter Setup menu (see page 35).
If the temperature is out of the -20 °C - 120 °C range the instrument will do

no temperature compensation.

15

CONDUCTIVITY VERSUSCONDUCTIVITY VERSUS

CONDUCTIVITY VERSUS

CONDUCTIVITY VERSUSCONDUCTIVITY VERSUS

TEMPERATURE CHARTTEMPERATURE CHART

TEMPERATURE CHART

TEMPERATURE CHARTTEMPERATURE CHART

The conductivity of an aqueous solution is the measure of its ability to carry an
electrical current by means of ionic motion.

The conductivity invariably increases with increasing temperature.
It is affected by the type and number of ions in the solution and by the viscosity

of the solution itself. Both parameters are temperature dependent. The de­pendency of conductivity on temperature is expressed as a relative change per
Celsius degree at a particular temperature, commonly as percent per ºC.

The following table lists the temperature dependence of the HANNA calibra­tion buffers.

CºFº0307IH

0

23

5

14

01

05

51

95

61

8.06

71

6.26

81

4.46

91

2.66

02

86

12

8.96

22

6.17

32

4.37

42

2.57

52

77

62

8.87

72

6.08

82

4.28

92

2.48

03

68

13

8.78

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4307IH

5307IH

9307IH

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677

46

0228

698

56

0339

0201

76

08401

7411

86

02701

3711

07

05901

9911

17

09111

5221

37

03411

1521

47

07611

8721

67

01911

5031

87

05121

2331

97

09321

9531

18

04621

6831

28

08821

3141

48

03131

0441

68

07331

7641

78

02631

4941

98

07831

1251

09

02141

8451

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07341

5751

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00384

00456

0672

00535

00147

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00695

00238

5163

00456

00529

3604

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00449

5514

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00369

5424

00896

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00427
00047
00257
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00387
00008
00318
00038
00948
00368
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00009

002001

9244

001201

3254

000401

7164

009501

1174

009701

5084

008901

2094

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008311

6905

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0915

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6825

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16

USP MEASUREMENTUSP MEASUREMENT

USP MEASUREMENT

USP MEASUREMENTUSP MEASUREMENT

Pharmaceutical laboratories working in the US market are obliged to respect
the regulations set down by the US Pharmacopoeia. The 5th supplement of
USP24-NF19 lays down the rules for checking the quality of pure or fully
deionized water used for the production of injection products.

The conductivity of water provides information on its chemical composition. It
is therefore logical that makes this the main parameter to measure.

The conductivity of a water is a measure of the ion mobility through this water.
The conductivity partly depends on the pH, the temperature and the amount
of atmospheric carbon dioxide, witch has been dissolved in water to form ions
(intrinsec conductivity). The conductivity also depends on the chloride, sodium
and ammonium ions initially present in water (extraneous conductivity).

The conductivity (intrinsec and extraneous) of the water is measured at first
stage and compared to values listed in a table to evaluate if the studied water
is suitable or not for use in pharmaceutical applications. If the sample fails
stage 1, additional tests have to be performed (Stage 2 and 3) in order to
determine if the excessive conductivity value is due to intrinsec factors or
extraneous ions.

USP Requirements

Automatic temperature correction must not be used.

Instrument specifications

Minimum resolution of 0.1 mS/cm on the lowest range. Excluding the cell
accuracy, the instrument accuracy must be ±0.1 mS/cm.

Meter calibration

It is accomplished by replacing the conductivity cell with precision resolution
traceable to primary standards (accurate to ±0.1 % of the stated value) or
an equivalently accurate resistance device.

Cell calibration

Meter conductivity must be measured accurately using calibrated instrumen­tation. The conductivity cell constant must be known in ± 2 %.

Before starting water analyze calibrate the EC lowest range or set the probe
cell constant (enter the value written in the calibration certificate delivered
with the probe).

Stage 1

Determine the temperature and conductivity of the water.

• Rinse the probe carefully with deionized water. Check that the 4 rings and
the temperature sensor are immersed in the sample and that no air bubbles

17

are trapped. Connect the probe to the meter enter USP mode and press the
Stage 1 key. The instrument will perform a temperature and conductivity
measurement (using a non-temperature corrected conductivity reading).

• Using the Stage 1 temperature and conductivity requirement table the
corresponding conductivity limit at that temperature is determined.

• If the measured conductivity is no greater than the table value the water
meets the requirements of the test for conductivity. If the conductivity is
higher than the table value, proceed with stage 2.

Stage 1 table

Temperature and conductivity requirements *

(for the non-temperature compensated conductivity measurements only)

(*) Values from USP - NF Fifth Supplement

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C°

06.0

58.0

09.0

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035.1

537.1

048.1

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552.2

064.2

565.2

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577.2

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587.2

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18

Stage 2

Determine the influence of CO

2

Note: Stability criteria <0.5 %/min corresponds in fact to a change in

conductivity <0.02 mS/cm per minute (equivalent to 0.1 mS/cm per
5 minutes), as required in the Stage 2 USP document.

• Transfer a sufficient amount of water (100 mL or more) to a thermostatic
vessel, and stir the test specimen. Adjust the temperature and maintain it
at 25 ±1 ºC. We recommend using a thermostatic bath.

• Rinse the cell carefully with deionized water. Place the conductivity probe
on the Sample and dip it in the thermostatic vessel containing the sample.
Check that the 4 rings are immersed in the solution.

• Press Step 2.

• When the conductivity value is stable, if the conductivity is not greater than

2.1 mS/cm the water meets the requirements of the test, for conductivity.

If the conductivity is greater than 2.1 mS/cm proceed with stage 3.

Stage 3

Determine the combined effect of the CO2 and pH.
Use a Hanna Instruments pH meter.
Take care that the instrument be calibrated in at least two points using

pH 4.01 and pH 7.01 Hanna buffers.
Perform the following test within approximately 5 minutes of the conductivity

determination while maintaining the sample temperature at 25±1 ºC.

• Add the Saturated KCl Solution to the same (0.3 mL per 100 mL of the test
specimen), and determine the pH to the nearest 0.1 pH unit.

• Press Stage 3 key, then enter the corresponding pH reading.

• Referring to the Stage 3 pH and conductivity requirement table the
instrument determines the conductivity limit at the measured pH value. If
the measured conductivity is no greater than the conductivity requirements
for the pH determined the water meets the requirements of the test for
conductivity. If the measured conductivity is greater than this value or the
pH is outside of the range of 5.0 to 7.0, the water does not meet the
requirements of the test for conductivity.

19

Stage 3

pH and conductivity requirements

(For atmosphere and temperature equilibrated samples only)

Hp

0.57.4

1.51.4

2.56.3

3.53.3

4.50.3

5.58.2

6.56.2

7.55.2

8.54.2

9.54.2

0.64.2

1.64.2

2.65.2

3.64.2

4.63.2

5.62.2

6.61.2

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20

USP MODE PROCEDURESUSP MODE PROCEDURES

USP MODE PROCEDURES

USP MODE PROCEDURESUSP MODE PROCEDURES

Press Mode key while in EC range to enter USP mode.
The instrument will display the USP main screen.

Press Stage 1 to start with first stage evaluation.
Press Stage 2 to start with second stage evaluation.
If Stage 1 is pressed a tutorial screen is displayed.

Use the Arrow keys to scroll the tutorial message.
Press Continue to skip the tutorial message and enter EC measuring mode.

If the temperature source is manual entry, press USP Fact. to select USP factor
to be changed (the is displayed before the 100% value). To increase the

accuracy of the analyze decrease the USP factor value.
Wait until reading is stable.
If the sample reading met the USP stage 1 criteria, the “USP Met” message

will be displayed.

Press Report to view report.

21