Hanna Instruments C 215 User Manual

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MANC215R6 01/05

Instruction Manual

C 215

HI 83215

Grow Master Basic

for Nutrient Analyses

www.hannainst.com

This Instrument is in

Compliance with the CE Directiveswww.hannainst.com

Dear Customer, Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. Please read this instruction

manual carefully before using the meter. This manual will provide you with the necessary information for the correct use of the instrument. If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at tech@hannainst.com. These instruments are in compliance with

directives.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION ....... 3

GENERAL DESCRIPTION ............... 3

SPECIFICATIONS ......................... 4

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION .......... 4

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION .......... 6

GUIDE TO DISPLAY CODES .......... 7

TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE

MEASUREMENT ........................ 10

PARAMETERS REFERENCE TABLE 11

OPERATIONAL GUIDE ................ 12

ABBREVIATIONS ....................... 13

INTRODUCTION ........................ 14

SAMPLE PREPARATION .............. 17

AMMONIA LR ........................... 21

AMMONIA MR .......................... 23

AMMONIA HR ........................... 25

NITRATE LR .............................. 27

NITRATE MR ............................. 29

NITRATE HR ............................. 31

PHOSPHORUS LR ..................... 33

PHOSPHORUS MR .................... 35

PHOSPHORUS HR ..................... 37

POTASSIUM LR ......................... 39

POTASSIUM MR ........................ 41

POTASSIUM HR ........................ 43

POTASSIUM UHR ...................... 45

INTERFACE WITH PC ................. 45

STANDARD METHODS ............... 47

BATTERY REPLACEMENT ............ 47

ACCESSORIES ........................... 48

WARRANTY ............................... 49

CE DECLARATION

OF CONFORMITY....................... 50

HANNA LITERATURE .................. 51

HANNA LITERATURE

Hanna publishes a wide range of catalogs and handbooks for an equally wide range of applications. The reference literature currently covers areas such as:

• Water Treatment

• Process

• Swimming Pools

• Agriculture

• Food

• Laboratory

• Thermometry

and many others. New reference material is constantly being added to the library.

For these and other catalogs, handbooks and leaflets contact your dealer or the Hanna Customer Service Center nearest to you. To find the Hanna Office in your vicinity, check our home page at www.hannainst.com.

All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the copyright owner, Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895 , USA.

CE DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

Recommendations for Users

Before using these products, make sure that they are entirely suitable for the environment in which they are used.

Operation of these instruments in residential area could cause unacceptable interferences to radio and TV equipments, requiring the operator to take all necessary steps to correct interferences.

Any variation introduced by the user to the supplied equipment may degrade the instruments' EMC performance.

To avoid damages or burns, do not perform any measurement in microwave ovens.

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Remove the instrument from the packing material and examine it carefully to make sure that no damage has occurred during shipment. If there is any damage, notify your Dealer.

Each HI 83215 Meter is supplied complete with:

• Four Sample Cuvets and Caps

• One Transport Cap

• 2x 9 V Battery

• 12 VDC Transformer (HI 710005 or HI 710006)

Note: Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument

functions correctly. Any defective item must be returned in its original packing with the supplied accessories.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

HI 83000 Series is a line of 17 different bench, microprocessor-based photometers that measure more than 50 parameters in water and wastewater. These multipurpose meters are manufactured to measure the most important parameters of the application they have been especially designed for: HI 83099 Laboratories, with COD HI 83200 Laboratories

HI 83203 Aquaculture HI 83205 Boilers & Cooling Towers HI 83206 Environmental Testing HI 83207 Industrial Wastewater HI 83208 Water Conditioning HI 83209 Education HI 83210 Pulp & Paper Mills HI 83211 Chemical Manufacturers HI 83212 Power Plant Utilities HI 83213 Municipal Wastewater HI 83214 Wastewater Treatment Applic. HI 83215 Nutrient Analyses HI 83216 Pool & Spa Applic. HI 83218 Environmental Applic. HI 83226 Pool & Spa Applic. All meters use an exclusive positive-locking system to ensure that the cuvet is in the same position every time it is placed into the measurement cell. The reagents are in liquid or powder form and are supplied in bottles or in packets. The amount of reagent is precisely dosed to ensure the maximum repeatability. Display codes aid the user in routine operations. The meters have an auto-shut off feature, turning the unit off after 10 minutes of non-use. The HI 83000 Series can be connected to a personal computer via the HI 920010 three wire RS 232 cable. The HI 92000 Hanna Windows Compatible Software aids the user to manage all test data.

SPECIFICATIONS

WARRANTY

Light Life Life of the instrument Light Detector Silicon Photocell Environment 0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F);

max 95% RH non-condensing

Power Supply 2x 9 V batteries / 12 to 20 VDC through voltage

adapter

Auto-Shut off After 10' of non-use Dimensions 230 x 165 x 70 mm (9.0 x 6.5 x 2.8") Weight 640 g (22.6 oz.)

For specifications related to each single parameter (e.g. range, accuracy, etc.), refer to the related measurement section.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

Absorption of Light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between Electromagnetic Radiation and Matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by atoms, molecules or crystal lattices. If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length through the matter and on the physicochemical characteristics of substance according to the Lambert-Beer Law:

-log

ελc d

All Hanna Instruments meters are warranted for two years against defects in workmanship and materials when used for their intended purpose and maintained according to instructions.

This warranty is limited to repair or replacement free of charge. Damages due to accidents, misuse, tampering or lack of prescribed

maintenance are not covered. If service is required, contact the dealer from whom you purchased the

instrument. If under warranty, report the model number, date of purchase, serial number and the nature of the failure. If the repair is not covered by the warranty, you will be notified of the charges incurred.

If the instrument is to be returned to Hanna Instruments, first obtain a Returned Goods Authorization Number from the Customer Service department and then send it with shipment costs prepaid. When shipping any instrument, make sure it is properly packaged for complete protection.

To validate your warranty, fill out and return the enclosed warranty card within 14 days from the date of purchase.

Hanna Instruments reserves the right to modify the design, construction and appearance of its products without advance notice.

Where:

-log

= Absorbance (A)

I/I

= intensity of incident light beam

= intensity of light beam after absorption

ελ= molar extinction coefficient at wavelength λ

c = molar concentration of the substance d = optical path through the substance

Therefore, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the other factors are known.

Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound from a specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents.

ACCESSORIES

REAGENT SETS HI 93706-01 100 Phosphorus tests HI 93706-03 300 Phosphorus tests HI 93715-01 100 Ammonia tests HI 93715-03 300 Ammonia tests HI 93728-01 100 Nitrate tests HI 93728-03 300 Nitrate tests HI 93750-01 100 Potassium tests HI 93750-03 300 Potassium tests

OTHER ACCESSORIES HI 721310 9V battery (10 pcs) HI 731318 Tissue for wiping cuvets (4 pcs) HI 731321 Glass cuvets (4 pcs) HI 731325N New cap for cuvet (4 pcs) HI 740034 Cap for 100 mL beaker (6 pcs) HI 740036 100 mL plastic beaker (6 pcs) HI 740157 Plastic refilling pipette (20 pcs) HI 92000 Windows HI 920010 PC connection cable HI 93703-50 Cuvets cleaning solution (230 mL) HI 740223 170 mL plastic beaker HI 740224 170 mL plastic beakers (12 pcs) HI 740225 60 mL graduated syringe HI 740226 5 mL graduated syringe HI 740227 Filter assembly HI 740228 Filter discs (25 pcs) HI 740229 100 mL Polypropylene cylinder HI 740230 230 mL Demineralized water HI 93703-54 Dried resin (100 g) HI 93703-55 Activated Carbon (50 pcs)

Compatible Software

Given that the absorption of a compound strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral bandwidth should be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.

The optical system of Hanna's HI 83000 multiparameter photometers is based on special subminiature tungsten lamps and narrow-band interference filters to guarantee both high performance and reliable results.

Four measuring channels (at four different wavelengths) allow a wide range of tests.

HI 83000 Block diagram (optical layout)

A microprocessor controlled special tungsten lamp emits radiation which is first optically conditioned and beamed to the sample contained in the cuvet. The optical path is fixed by the diameter of the cuvet. Then the light is spectrally filtered to a narrow spectral bandwidth, to obtain a light beam of intensity

The photoelectric cell collects the radiation I that is not absorbed by the sample and converts it into an electric current, producing a potential in the mV range.

The microprocessor uses this potential to convert the incoming value into the desired measuring unit and to display it on the LCD.

The measurement process is carried out in two phases: first the meter is zeroed and then the actual measurement is performed.

The cuvet has a very important role because it is an optical element and thus requires particular attention. It is important that both the measurement and the calibration (zeroing) cuvets are optically identical to provide the same measurement conditions. Whenever possible use the same cuvet for both.

It is also necessary that the surface of the cuvet is clean and not scratched. This is to avoid measurement interference due to unwanted reflection and absorption of light. It is recommended not to touch the cuvet walls with hands.

Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the zeroing and the measuring phases, it is necessary to close the cuvet to prevent any contamination.

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

STANDARD METHODS

FRONT PANEL

1) Cuvet Holder

2) Dual Level Liquid Crystal Display

3) Programs List

4) READ DIRECT, to perform measurement immediately

5) TIMER, to perform measurements after a preprogrammed countdown

6) ZERO, to zero the meter prior to measurement

7) Program ▼ and ▲, to select the desired parameter

8) ON/OFF, to turn the meter on and off

REAR PANEL

1) Power Socket 12V to 20V DC 2.5 Watt

2) RS 232 Socket

3) Batteries Compartment

Description Program Range Method

Ammonia, LR 1 0.0 to 10.0 mg/L Nessler Ammonia, MR 2 0.0 to 50.0 mg/L Nessler Ammonia, HR 3 0 to 100 mg/L Nessler Nitrate, LR 4 0.0 to 30.0 mg/L Cadmium Reduction Nitrate, MR 5 0 to 150 mg/L Cadmium Reduction Nitrate, HR 6 0 to 300 mg/L Cadmium Reduction Phosphorus, LR 7 0.0 to 10.0 mg/L Aminoacid Phosphorus, MR 8 0.0 to 50.0 mg/L Aminoacid Phosphorus, HR 9 0 to 100 mg/L Aminoacid Potassium, LR 10 0.0 to 20.0 mg/L Turbidimetric Potassium, MR 11 10 to 100 mg/L Turbidimetric Potassium, HR 12 20 to 200 mg/L Turbidimetric

BATTERY REPLACEMENT

Besides to the 12 VDC supply, this meter can also be fed by two 9V batteries.

To prolong battery life, switch your meter off after use. However, the meter has an auto-shut off feature that will turn itself off after 10 minutes of non-use.

A blinking "LOBAT" on the display, while a measurement is in progress, indicates low voltage and the batteries should be replaced.

If the batteries are not replaced immediately, in order to prevent erroneous readings due to low voltage, "-BA-" is displayed soon afterwards. At this point the batteries must be changed.

Battery replacement must only take place in a non-hazardous area using two 9V alkaline batteries.

Remove the battery cover on the back of photometer, attach two fresh 9V batteries, while paying attention to the correct polarity, and replace the cover.

The meter will turn on automatically when a new battery is connected. You can turn it off by pressing ON/OFF.

Note: Windows Terminal® and all the other terminal programs that support the ANSI escape sequence, represent the DLE character by the string ‘^P’ and the CR character by the string ‘^M’.

Type of Commands

/OFF - Turn the meter OFF /PDR - Press Read Direct /PTR - Press Timer /PZR - Press Zero

/PUP - Program Up /PDN - Program Down /PTM - Turn Test Mode On /Brx - Set the baud rate

1 - 300 2 - 600 3 - 1200 4 - 2400

/KBL - Lock Keyboard /KBU - Unlock Keyboard ?PR# - Send Current Program Number (1 to 12) ?BRQ - Send current baud rate

1 - 150 2 - 300 3 - 600 4 - 1200 5 - 2400

?CNQ - Send Concentration (three bytes)

conc decimal point unit

m - ppm b - ppb t - ppt u - pcu h - pH

?ERR - send error / status information

0 - No error 1 - CAP 2 - HI 3 - ZERO 4 - LO 5 - IDLE 6 - ZERO DONE 7 - TIMED READ

Excel© Copyright of "Microsoft Co."

Lotus 1-2-3© Copyright of "Lotus Co."

Windows® and Windows Terminal® are registered Trademark of "Microsoft Co."

TELIX® is registered Trademark of "Deltacomm"

GUIDE TO DISPLAY CODES

Note: The secondary LCD below shows a generic "P– –", whereas the

meter will indicate the exact program number (e.g. "P1" for Ammonia LR).

This indicates that the meter is in a ready state and zeroing can be performed.

Sampling in progress. This flashing prompt appears each time the meter is performing a measurement.

The microprocessor is adjusting the light level, indicated by a scrolling "SIP".

This indicates that the meter is in a zeroed state and measurement can be performed.

The instrument is performing an internal check-up.

The blinking "LOBAT" indicates that the battery voltage is getting low and the batteries need to be replaced.

This indicates that the batteries are dead and must be replaced.

ERROR MESSAGESERROR MESSAGES

ERROR MESSAGES

ERROR MESSAGESERROR MESSAGES a) on zero reading:a) on zero reading:

a) on zero reading:

a) on zero reading:a) on zero reading:

Light over range. The cuvet is not inserted correctly and an eccess ambient light is reaching the detector. If the cuvet is properly inserted, then contact your dealer or the nearest Hanna Customer Service Center.

The lamp is not working properly. Contact your dealer or the nearest Hanna Customer Service Center.

This indicates that the meter has lost its configuration. Contact your dealer or the nearest Hanna Customer Service Center.

This indicates that the zeroing procedure failed due to a low signal-to-noise ratio. In this case press ZERO again.

The instrument cannot adjust the light level. Please check that the sample does not contain any debris.

There is not enough light to perform a measurement. Please check the preparation of the zero cuvet.

POTASSIUM ULTRA HIGH RANGE

For samples containing more than 200 ppm of Potassium: first follow the sample preparation procedure described at page 19 for NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (HR). Then add to the graduated cylinder 20 mL of the prepared sample (for HR) and fill the cylinder with demineralized water from the Demineralizer Bottle up to the 100 mL mark.

Follow the MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE at page 43. Read the result in mg/L of Potassium on the display and multiply the

reading by 5 to obtain the real concentration of Potassium in your sample.

INTERFACE WITH PC

To connect your meter to the PC use the optional HI 920010 (avail- able from your Hanna Dealer). Make sure that your meter is switched off and plug the connectors, one into the meter RS 232C socket, the other into the serial port of your PC.

Note: Cables other than HI 920010 may use a different configura- tion, in which case, communication between the meter and the PC may not be possible.

SETTING THE BAUD RATE

The transmission speed (baud rate) of the meter and the external device must be identical. The meter is factory set to 2400.

If you wish to change this value, please contact your nearest Hanna Center.

SENDING COMMANDS FROM PC

With terminal programs such as, for example, Telix®, Windows Terminal®, it is possible to remotely control your Hanna Instruments bench meter. Use HI 920010 cable to connect the meter to the PC, start the terminal program and set the communication options as follows: 8, N, 1, no flow control.

Command Types

To send a command to the pH meter the scheme is:

There is too much light to perform a measurement. Please check the preparation of the zero cuvet.

This line makes the computer send a Data Link Escape character (/ or ?), the command expressed as a number or a 3-character sequence and a CR character.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will appear on the display.

b) on sample reading:b) on sample reading:

b) on sample reading:

b) on sample reading:b) on sample reading:

There is too much light for the sample measurement. Please check if the right sample cuvet is inserted.

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvet and add the content of one packet of HI 93750B reagent. Replace the cap and mix gently for one minute by turning slowly the cuvet upside down.

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument.

• Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 2 minutes and press READ DIRECT. In both cases “SIP” will blink during measurement.

The sample and zero cuvet are inverted.

A zero reading was not taken. Follow the instruction described in the measurement procedures for zeroing the meter.

Under range. A blinking "0.00" indicates that the sample absorbs less light than the zero reference. Check the procedure and make sure that you use the same cuvet for reference (zero) and measurement.

1) A flashing value of the maximum concentration indicates an over range condition. The concentration of the sample is beyond the programmed range: dilute the sample and rerun the test.

2) A flashing value lower than the maximum concentration indicates a low signalto-noise ratio condition. In this case accuracy of the result is not guaranteed. Repeat the reading procedure.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L (ppm) of potassium (K).

• To convert the reading to mg/L of potassium oxide (K2O), multiply by a factor of 1.20.

• For ULTRA HIGH RANGE samples: follow procedure described at page 45.

INTERFERENCES

The following ions do not interfere below the concentrations reported: Ammonium 10 ppm Calcium 10000 ppm as CaCO Chloride 12000 ppm Magnesium 8000 ppm as CaCO Sodium 8000 ppm

Potassium HR

TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT

The instructions listed below should be carefully followed during testing to ensure best accuracy.

• Color or suspended matter in large amounts may cause interference, therefore, these should be removed by treatment with active carbon and by prior filtration.

• For a correct filling of the cuvet: the liquid in the cuvet forms a convexity on the top; the bottom of this convexity must be at the same level of the 10 mL mark.

• Proper use of the dropper: to get good reproducible results, tap the dropper on the table for several times and wipe the outside of the dropper tip with a cloth. Always keep the dropper bottle in a vertical position while dosing the reagent.

• Proper use of the powder reagent packet: (a) use scissors to open the powder packet; (b) push the edges of the packet to form a spout; (c) pour out the content of the packet.

10m

POTASSIUM HIGH RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 20 to 200 mg/L Resolution 5 mg/L Accuracy ±30 mg/L ±7% of reading Typical EMC ±5 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference

filter @ 610 nm

Method Adaptation of the Turbidimetric Tetraphenylborate

method. The reaction between Potassium and reagents causes turbidity in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity

HI 93750

A-0 Potassium Reagent 6 drops

AA BB

HI 93750

B-0 Powder Reagent 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93750-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93750-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (HR) procedure at page 19.

• Select the program number corresponding to Potassium HR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

( a

)

( b

)

( c

)

• It is important that the sample does not contain any debris. This would corrupt the readings.

• Do not let the reacted sample stand too long after reagent is added, or accuracy will be lost.

• In order to avoid reagent leaking and to obtain more accurate measurements, it is recommended to close the cuvet first with the supplied HDPE plastic stopper and then with the black cap.

• Each time the cuvet is used, the cap must be tightened to the same degree.

• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of sample, up to the mark.

• Add six drops of HI 93750A, replace the cap and swirl the

solution.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

10m

Potassium HR

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will appear on the display.

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvet and add the content of one packet of HI 93750B reagent. Replace the cap and mix gently for one minute by turning slowly the cuvet upside down.

• Whenever the cuvet is placed into the measurement cell, it must be dry outside, and completely free of fingerprints, oil or dirt. Wipe it thoroughly with HI 731318 or a lint-free cloth prior to insertion.

• It is possible to take multiple readings in a row, but it is recommended to take a new zero reading for each sample and to use the same cuvet for zeroing and measurement.

• It is important to discard the sample immediately after the reading is taken because the glass might become permanently stained.

• All the reaction times reported in this manual are referred to 20°C (68°F). As a general rule of thumb, they should be doubled at 10°C (50°F) and halved at 30°C (86°F).

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument.

• Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 2 minutes and press READ DIRECT. In both cases “SIP” will blink during measurement.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L (ppm) of potassium (K).

• To convert the reading to mg/L of potassium oxide (K2O), multiply by a factor of 1.20.

INTERFERENCES

The following ions do not interfere below the concentrations reported: Ammonium 10 ppm Calcium 10000 ppm as CaCO Chloride 12000 ppm Magnesium 8000 ppm as CaCO Sodium 8000 ppm

PARAMETERS REFERENCE TABLE

HI 83215 - NUTRIENT ANALYSES

Code Parameter Page

1 Ammonia LR 21 2 Ammonia MR 23 3 Ammonia HR 25 4 Nitrate LR 27 5 Nitrate MR 29 6 Nitrate HR 31

Code Parameter Page 7 Phosphorus LR 33

8 Phosphorus MR 35 9 Phosphorus HR 37

10 Potassium LR 39 11 Potassium MR 41 12 Potassium HR 43

Potassium MR

OPERATIONAL GUIDE

POTASSIUM MEDIUM RANGE

POWER CONNECTION

Plug the 12VDC adapter (HI 710005 - 110VDC, or HI 710006 - 220VDC) into the DC socket. Plug the adapter into the outlet.

Alternatively, remove the battery cover on the back of the meter; attach 2 fresh 9V batteries and replace the cover.

Note:Insure the main line is surge protected. Note: Always turn the meter off before unplugging it to insure no data

is lost.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF.

• The meter will first perform an LCD self

diagnostic test by displaying a full set of figures.

• Then it will show a scrolling "215 Hanna Inst" message.

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 10 to 100 mg/L Resolution 2.5 mg/L Accuracy ±15 mg/L ±7% of reading Typical EMC ±2.5 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference

filter @ 610 nm

Method Adaptation of the Turbidimetric Tetraphenylborate

method. The reaction between Potassium and reagents causes turbidity in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity

HI 93750

A-0 Potassium Reagent 6 drops

AA BB

HI 93750

B-0 Powder Reagent 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93750-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93750-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (MR) procedure at page 18.

• Select the program number corresponding to Potassium MR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s

• When the LCD displays “----”, the meter is ready. On the secondary LCD "P1" will appear to inform that the first parameter measurement procedure (Ammonia LR) can be performed.

• Press the PROGRAM t and PROGRAM s keys to select the desired parameter.

• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of sample, up to the mark.

• Add six drops of HI 93750A, replace the cap and swirl the solution.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

10m

Potassium MR

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will appear on the display.

Note: in the following measurement sections, a generic "P– –" will be placed on the secondary LCD instead of the exact related message (e.g. "P1" for Ammonia LR).

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvet and add the content of one packet of HI 93750B reagent. Replace the cap and mix gently for one minute by turning slowly the cuvet upside down.

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument.

• Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 2 minutes and press READ DIRECT. In both cases “SIP” will blink during measurement.

• Before performing a test read carefully all the instructions related

to the selected parameter.

For the program number, see the table on page 12 or look at the list printed on the mask of the meter.

ABBREVIATIONS

°C°C

°C: degree Celsius

°C°C °F°F

°F: degree Fahrenheit

°F°F HRHR

HR: High Range

HRHR kg/hakg/ha

kg/ha: kilograms per hectare

kg/hakg/ha LCDLCD

LCD: Liquid Crystal Display

LCDLCD LRLR

LR: Low Range

LRLR L/haL/ha

L/ha: liters per hectare

L/haL/ha mm/hamm/ha

mm/ha: millimeters per hectare

mm/hamm/ha mg/Lmg/L

mg/L: milligrams per liter (ppm)

mg/Lmg/L mLmL

mL: milliliter

mLmL MRMR

MR: Medium Range

MRMR UHRUHR

UHR: Ultra High Range

UHRUHR

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L (ppm) of potassium (K).

• To convert the reading to mg/L of potassium oxide (K2O), multiply by a factor of 1.20.

INTERFERENCES

The following ions do not interfere below the concentrations reported: Ammonium 10 ppm Calcium 10000 ppm as CaCO Chloride 12000 ppm Magnesium 8000 ppm as CaCO Sodium 8000 ppm

Potassium LR

INTRODUCTION

POTASSIUM LOW RANGE

THE ROLE OF NUTRIENTS IN THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF PLANTS

The three elements that are mostly needed by the plants are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). They are called the macronutrients while other elements, needed by plants in smaller amounts, are called microelements. In hydroponics, plants need a balanced nutritive solution, composed of macro and microelements.

Shortage or excess of even only one nutritive element may cause an imbalance in plant physiology and in the absorption of the other nutrients. Nutrients shortages may result in irregular plant growth, low resistance to diseases, scarce production both in quantity and quality, while nutrients excess may cause waste of fertilizer, pollution of the groundwater and the possible accumulation of dangerous substances in the crops produced.

NITROGEN

Nitrogen (N) is mostly absorbed by plants as nitrates (NO smaller amount, in the form of ammonium (NH adequate ratio between the two forms is generally used in nutritive

). In hydroponics, an

solutions.

PRESENT IN proteins, enzymes, chlorophyll, hormones, vitamins,

DNA and RNA

ACTION • is fundamental for plants in phase of growth

• promotes the lengthening of trunks and sprouts

• increases the production of foliage

• helps to absorb other nutrients (in particular phosphorus)

• assists a bigger production for both size and number of fruits

SHORTAGE • slower growth EFFECTS • smaller leaves

• yellowing of leaves

• smaller fruits

• premature ripening

EXCESS EFFECTS • reduction in resistance to diseases and atmo-

spheric agents

• increase of water demand (caused by an excessive production of leaves)

• bad quality of fruits

• delayed ripening

• reduction in potassium absorption

) and, in

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.0 to 20.0 mg/L Resolution 0.5 mg/L Accuracy ±3.0 mg/L ±7% of reading Typical EMC ±0.5 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference

filter @ 610 nm

Method Adaptation of the Turbidimetric Tetraphenylborate

method. The reaction between Potassium and reagents causes turbidity in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity

HI 93750

A-0 Potassium Reagent 6 drops

AA BB

HI 93750

B-0 Powder Reagent 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93750-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93750-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the IRRIGATION WATER (LR) procedure at page 17.

• Select the program number corresponding to Potassium LR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of sample, up to the mark.

• Add six drops of HI 93750A, replace the cap and swirl the

solution.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

10m

Potassium LR

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show "-0.0-". Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvet.

• Add 10 drops of HI 93706A

x10

Molybdate reagent.

• Add the content of one packet of HI 93706B-0 Phosphorus Reagent B (Amino Acid) to the cuvet. Replace the cap and shake gently until dissolution is complete.

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument.

• Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 5 minutes and press READ DIRECT. In both cases "SIP" will blink during measurement.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus on the Liquid Crystal Display.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of phosphate (PO

3–

), multiply by

a factor of 3.07.

INTERFERENCES

Calcium above 10000 mg/L as CaCO Chloride above 150000 mg/L as Cl Ferrous iron above 100 mg/L Magnesium above 40000 mg/L as CaCO Sulfide

–

PHOSPHORUS

Phosphorus (P) has an important role in many fundamental biochemical and physiological processes. Plants take up phosphorus in the form of phosphate ion (PO

PRESENT IN DNA and RNA, ATP, ADP ACTION • stimulates the roots growth

SHORTAGE • delayed ripening EFFECTS • slower growth

EXCESS EFFECTS • premature ripening

• stimulates blooming

• stimulates fecundation and ripeness

• strengthens the plant tissues

• is necessary in the formation of seeds

• small leaves

• decrease of production (smaller fruits and difficult seeds formation)

• reduction of root system

• excess of fruit-setting

• negative effects on the absorption of some micro elements such as iron, zinc, boron and copper

POTASSIUM

Potassium (K) is essential in proteic synthesis. The problem of lack of potassium is quite frequent in calcareous soils.

Potassium is absorbed as K+.

PRESENT IN tissues responsible for the growth of plants (primary

and secondary meristems), embryos and cell vacuole

ACTION • improves the quality of fruits and flowers

• gives more resistance both to frost and to diseases caused by fungi (increases the cuticular thickness)

• regulates the cellular turgidity (helps to regulate the osmotic processes and increases the resistance to dryness)

• regulates the stomatic opening and closing (it means a strong influence on transpiration and photo synthesis)

SHORTAGE • slower growth EFFECTS • smaller fruits, less colored and less preserved

• increase of transpiration

• less resistance to the cold

Phosphorus HR

EXCESS EFFECTS • reduced absorption of calcium and magnesium

• increase of water consumption

• increase of the substrate salinity

IRRIGATION WATER (LOW RANGE)

In agricultural areas it is quite common to find altered values in the chemical composition of irrigation waters. The problem concerns mostly the high nitrate concentration, usually determined by excessive fertilization or irrational liquid manure spreading. The analysis of irrigation waters allows us to find out which are the substances present in major or minor quantity and to organize an advantageous fertilization plan.

For example, if the quantity of water utilized for crop cultivation is 250 mm/ha (= 2500000 L/ha) and the nitrate (NO

) concentration is

150 mg/L (34 mg/L as nitrate-nitrogen NO3-N), soil receives 85 kg/ ha of nitrogen. In choosing type and quantity of fertilizer to be used, it is important to consider this information, in order not to waste fertilizer nor to induce soil pollution.

NUTRIENTS SOLUTIONS (MEDIUM AND HIGH RANGE)

The nutrients requirements of the plants are determined by the type of plant, its age and the environmental conditions. The control of chemical composition of nutrients solutions given to the plants is an operation that allows a correct preparation of the fertilizer. In analyzing the solution, it is possible to choose between medium range and high range values, depending on the concentration of substances.

Medium range usually covers the analysis of residual solutions in recycling systems. The nutritive elements are differently absorbed by the plants, hence the nutrient solution loses substances, becomes impoverished and must be enriched.

High range normally corresponds to the typical values of nutrients solutions. It is therefore possible to verify that the solution given to the plants contains the correct quantities of nutritive substances.

PHOSPHORUS HIGH RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0 to 100 mg/L Resolution 1 mg/L Accuracy ±5 mg/L ±4% of reading Typical EMC Dev. ±1 mg/L Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference

filter @ 525 nm

Method Adaptation of the Standard Methods for the

Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18 edition, Amino Acid method. The reaction be-

tween phosphorus and reagents causes a blue tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity HI 93706A-0 Molybdate 10 drops HI 93706B-0 Amino Acid Powder 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93706-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93706-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (HR) procedure at page 19.

• Select the program number corresponding to Phosphorus HR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of unreacted sample (up to the mark) and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the display.

10m

Phosphorus HR

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show "-0.0-". Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvet.

• Add 10 drops of HI 93706A

x10

Molybdate reagent.

• Add the content of one packet of HI 93706B-0 Phosphorus Reagent B (Amino Acid) to the cuvet. Replace the cap and shake gently until dissolution is complete.

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument.

• Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 5 minutes and press READ DIRECT. In both cases "SIP" will blink during measurement.

SAMPLE PREPARATION

LIST OF MATERIAL

Each instrument HI 83215 is supplied with the following accessories for sample preparation:

• 4 cuvettes (10 mL);

• 2 plastic beakers (100 and 170 mL);

• 1 graduated cylinder (100 mL);

• 1 syringe with screw rim (60 mL)

• 1 syringe (5 mL);

• 1 filter assembly;

• 25 filter discs;

• 1 spoon;

• 2 pipettes;

• Carbon powder packets (50 pcs);

• 1 Demineralizer Bottle with filter cap for about 12 liters of deionized water (depending on the hardness level of water to be treated).

SAMPLE PREPARATION PROCEDURE

Note: If the water sample to be analyzed is very turbid, let it stand in

a beaker for a while until most of the solid particles have settled. Then, use the pipette to transfer the supernatant solution to the other beaker and prepare the samples as described below. During this operation, take care not to induce air bubbles into the solution, in order not to displace the settled solids at the bottom of the beaker.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus on the Liquid Crystal Display.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of phosphate (PO

3–

), multiply by

a factor of 3.07.

INTERFERENCES

Calcium above 10000 mg/L as CaCO Chloride above 150000 mg/L as Cl Ferrous iron above 100 mg/L Magnesium above 40000 mg/L as CaCO Sulfide

Phosphorus MR

–

IRRIGATION WATER (LR):

• Measure with the graduated cylinder about 100 mL of sample.

• If the solution contains some turbidity or color, pour it in the large 170mL beaker and add a powder packet of active carbon.

• Mix well using the spoon and then wait for 5 minutes.

filte

dis

• Unscrew the filter assembly, put a filter disc inside and close it again.

• Connect the filter assembly to the 60 mL syringe by the screw rim.

• Take off the syringe plunger and fill the syringe with the sample to be filtered. Pour the sample gently, trying to avoid transferring of the actived carbon to the syringe.

• Reinsert the plunger and filter the solution into the 100mL beaker by pushing gently the syringe plunger. The sample is now ready.

Note: Filter at least 40 mL of solution if all the four parameters have to be tested. If the solution is still turbid or colored, treat it again with a packet of active carbon. After use, throw the filter disc away and wash the syringe and the filter assembly well. Always use a new disc for another sample.

NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (MR):

PHOSPHORUS MEDIUM RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.0 to 50.0 mg/L Resolution 0.5 mg/L Accuracy ±2.5 mg/L ±4% of reading Typical EMC Dev. ±0.5 mg/L Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference

filter @ 525 nm

Method Adaptation of the Standard Methods for the

Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18 edition, Amino Acid method. The reaction be-

tween phosphorus and reagents causes a blue tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity HI 93706A-0 Molybdate 10 drops HI 93706B-0 Amino Acid Powder 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93706-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93706-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (MR) procedure at page 18.

• Select the program number corresponding to Phosphorus MR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of unreacted sample (up to the mark) and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the display.

10m

• Use the graduated cylinder to measure exactly 20 mL of sample.

Phosphorus MR

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show "-0.0-". Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvet.

• Add 10 drops of HI 93706A

x10

Molybdate reagent.

• Add the content of one packet of HI 93706B-0 Phosphorus Reagent B (Amino Acid) to the cuvet. Replace the cap and shake gently until dissolution is complete.

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument.

• Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 5 minutes and press READ DIRECT. In both cases "SIP" will blink during measurement.

• Remove the cap and fill the Demineralizer Bottle with tap water.

• Replace the cap and shake gently for

at least 2 minutes.

• Open the upper part of the Demineralizer Bottle cap and squirt gently the demineralized water into the cylinder, up to the 100 mL mark.

Note: The ion exchange resin contained in the Demineralizer Bottle is provided with an indicator substance. The indicator will change from green to blue when the resin has been exhausted and the resin has to be replaced.

• Pour the solution in the large 170mL beaker, replace the cap and invert several times to mix.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus on the Liquid Crystal Display.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of phosphate (PO

3–

), multiply by

a factor of 3.07.

INTERFERENCES

Calcium above 10000 mg/L as CaCO Chloride above 150000 mg/L as Cl Ferrous iron above 100 mg/L Magnesium above 40000 mg/L as CaCO Sulfide

Phosphorus LR

–

• If the solution contains some turbidity or color, add a powder packet of active carbon and follow the procedure described for Irrigation

Water.

NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (HR):

• Use the 5 mL syringe twice to add to the graduated cylinder exactly 10 mL of sample. Note: To measure exactly 5 mL of

5mLx2

sample with the syringe, push the plunger completely into the syringe and insert the tip into the sample. Pull the plunger out until the lower edge of the seal is on the 5 mL mark of the syringe.

obablelevelofli

p r

taken

upbysyringe

q u

• Remove the cap and fill the Demineralizer Bottle with tap water.

• Replace the cap and shake gently

at least 2 minutes.

for

• Open the upper part of the Demineralizer Bottle cap and squirt gently the demineralized water into the cylinder, up to the 100 mL mark.

• Pour the solution in the large 170mL beaker, replace the cap and invert several times to mix.

PHOSPHORUS LOW RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.0 to 10.0 mg/L Resolution 0.1 mg/L Accuracy ±0.5 mg/L ±4% of reading Typical EMC Dev. ±0.1 mg/L Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference

filter @ 525 nm

Method Adaptation of the Standard Methods for the

Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18 edition, Amino Acid method. The reaction be-

tween phosphorus and reagents causes a blue tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity HI 93706A-0 Molybdate 10 drops HI 93706B-0 Amino Acid Powder 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93706-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93706-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the IRRIGATION WATER (LR) procedure at page 17.

• Select the program number corresponding to Phosphorus LR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of unreacted

10m

sample (up to the mark) and replace the cap.

• If the solution contains some turbidity or color, add a powder packet of active carbon and follow the procedure described for Irrigation Water.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the display.

Phosphorus LR

• Remove the cuvet and add the content of one packet of HI 93728 reagent.

AMMONIA LOW RANGE

• Replace the cap and immediately shake

vigorously for exactly 10 seconds by moving the cuvet up and down. Continue to mix by inverting the cuvet gently and slowly for 50 seconds, while taking care not to induce air bubbles. A deposit remains, but this does not affect the measurement. Time and way of shaking could sensitively affect the measurement.

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument, taking care not to shake it.

• Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 4 minutes and 30 seconds and press READ DIRECT. In both cases "SIP" will blink during measurement.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of nitratenitrogen on the Liquid Crystal Display.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of nitrate (NO

–

), multiply by a

factor of 4.43.

INTERFERENCES

Interference may be caused by: Ammonia and amines, as urea and primary aliphatic amines Chloride above 100 ppm (negative interference) Chlorine above 2 ppm (positive interference) Copper Iron(III) (positive interference) Strong oxidizing and reducing substances Sulfide (it must be absent)

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.0 to 10.0 mg/L Resolution 0.1 mg/L Accuracy ±0.1 mg/L ±4% of reading Typical EMC ±0.1 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter

@ 420 nm

Method Adaptation of the ASTM Manual of Water and

Environmental Technology, D1426-92, Nessler

method. The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity HI 93715A-0 First Reagent 4 drops (6 drops in seawater) HI 93715B-0 Second Reagent 4 drops (10 drops in seawater)

REAGENT SETS

HI 93715-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93715-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the IRRIGATION WATER (LR) procedure at page 17.

• Select the program number corresponding to Ammonia LR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of unreacted sample, up to the mark, and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the display.

10m

Nitrate HR

Ammonia LR

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvet.

• Add 4 drops of the First reagent (6 drops in case of seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution by inverting the cuvet a couple of times.

• Add 4 drops of the Second reagent (10 drops in case of seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution by inverting the cuvet a couple of times.

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument.

NITRATE HIGH RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0 to 300 mg/L Resolution 5 mg/L Accuracy ±10 mg/L ±8% of reading

Typical EMC ±5 mg/L Deviation

Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference fil-

ter @ 525 nm

Method Adaptation of the cadmium reduction method. The

reaction between nitrate-nitrogen and the reagent causes an amber tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity HI 93728-0 Powder reagent 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93728-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93728-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

• Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 3 minutes and 30 seconds and press READ DIRECT. In both cases “SIP” will blink during measurement.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) on the display.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of ammonia (NH3), multiply by a factor of 1.21.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of ammonium (NH

), multiply by

a factor of 1.29.

INTERFERENCES

acetone, alcohols, aldehydes, glycine, hardness above 1 g/L, iron, organic chloramines, sulfide, various aliphatic and aromatic amines.

Ammonia LR

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (HR) procedure at page 19.

• Select the program number corresponding to Nitrate HR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Using the pipette, add to the cuvet 6 mL of sample, up to half of its height, and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the display.

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

Nitrate HR

• Remove the cuvet and add the content of one packet of HI 93728 reagent.

• Replace the cap and immediately shake

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument, taking care not to shake it.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of nitratenitrogen on the Liquid Crystal Display.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of nitrate (NO

–

), multiply by a

factor of 4.43.

INTERFERENCES

AMMONIA MEDIUM RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.0 to 50.0 mg/L Resolution 0.5 mg/L Accuracy ±0.5 mg/L ±4% of reading Typical EMC ±0.5 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference fil-

ter @ 420 nm

Method Adaptation of the ASTM Manual of Water and

Environmental Technology, D1426-92, Nessler

method. The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity HI 93715A-0 First Reagent 4 drops (6 drops in seawater) HI 93715B-0 Second Reagent 4 drops (10 drops in seawater)

REAGENT SETS

HI 93715-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93715-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (MR) procedure at page 18.

• Select the program number corresponding to Ammonia MR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of unreacted sample, up to the mark, and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the display.

10m

Nitrate MR

Ammonia MR

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvet.

• Add 4 drops of the First reagent (6 drops in case of seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution by inverting the cuvet a couple of times.

• Add 4 drops of the Second reagent (10 drops in case of seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution by inverting the cuvet a couple of times.

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument.

NITRATE MEDIUM RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0 to 150 mg/L Resolution 2.5 mg/L Accuracy ±5 mg/L ±8% of reading

Typical EMC ±2.5 mg/L Deviation

Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference fil-

ter @ 525 nm

Method Adaptation of the cadmium reduction method. The

reaction between nitrate-nitrogen and the reagent causes an amber tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity HI 93728-0 Powder reagent 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93728-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93728-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) on the display.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of ammonia (NH3), multiply by a factor of 1.21.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of ammonium (NH

), multiply by

a factor of 1.29.

INTERFERENCES

acetone, alcohols, aldehydes, glycine, hardness above 1 g/L, iron, organic chloramines, sulfide, various aliphatic and aromatic amines.

Ammonia MR

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (MR) procedure at page 18.

• Select the program number corresponding to Nitrate MR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Using the pipette, add to the cuvet 6 mL of sample, up to half of its height, and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the display.

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

Nitrate MR

• Remove the cuvet and add the content of one packet of HI 93728 reagent.

AMMONIA HIGH RANGE

• Replace the cap and immediately shake

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument, taking care not to shake it.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of nitratenitrogen on the Liquid Crystal Display.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of nitrate (NO

–

), multiply by a

factor of 4.43.

INTERFERENCES

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0 to 100 mg/L Resolution 1 mg/L Accuracy ±1 mg/L ±4% of reading Typical EMC ±1 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference fil-

ter @ 420 nm

Method Adaptation of the ASTM Manual of Water and

Environmental Technology, D1426-92, Nessler

method. The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity HI 93715A-0 First Reagent 4 drops (6 drops in seawater) HI 93715B-0 Second Reagent 4 drops (10 drops in seawater)

REAGENT SETS

HI 93715-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93715-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (HR) procedure at page 19.

• Select the program number corresponding to Ammonia HR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of sample, up to the mark, and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the display.

10m

Nitrate LR

Ammonia HR

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvet.

• Add 4 drops of the First reagent (6 drops in case of seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution by inverting the cuvet a couple of times.

• Add 4 drops of the Second reagent (10 drops in case of seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution by inverting the cuvet a couple of times.

• Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument.

NITRATE LOW RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.0 to 30.0 mg/L Resolution 0.5 mg/L Accuracy ±1.0 mg/L ±8% of reading

Typical EMC ±0.5 mg/L Deviation

Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference fil-

ter @ 525 nm

Method Adaptation of the cadmium reduction method. The

reaction between nitrate-nitrogen and the reagent causes an amber tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity HI 93728-0 Powder reagent 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93728-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93728-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 48.

• The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) on the display.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of ammonia (NH3), multiply by a factor of 1.21.

• To convert the reading to mg/L of ammonium (NH

), multiply by

a factor of 1.29.

INTERFERENCES

acetone, alcohols, aldehydes, glycine, hardness above 1 g/L, iron, organic chloramines, sulfide, various aliphatic and aromatic amines.

Ammonia HR

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the IRRIGATION WATER (LR) procedure at page 17.

• Select the program number corresponding to Nitrate LR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM t and s.

• Using the pipette, fill the cuvet with 6mL of sample, up to half of its height, and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.

• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the display.

• Wait for a few seconds and the display will show “-0.0-”. Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

Nitrate LR

Hanna Instruments C 215 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual