Hanna Instruments C 114 User Manual
Instruction Manual
C 114
Multiparameter
Turbidity &
Free and Total Chlorine
This Instrument is in Compliance with the CE Directives
www.hannainst.com
Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna Product.
Please read this instruction manual carefully
before using the instrument.
This manual will provide you with the necessary
information for the correct use of the instrument,
as well as a precise idea of its versatility. If you
need more technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at tech@hannainst.com.
This instrument is in compliance with directives EN 50081-1 and EN 50082-1.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preliminary Examination ............................. 3
General Description.................................... 4
Principle of Operation ................................. 6
Functional Description ................................ 9
Specifications ........................................... 12
Operational Guide ..................................... 13
Calibration ................................................ 19
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Remove the instrument from the packing material and examine it to make sure that no
damage has occurred during shipping. If there
is any damage, notify your Dealer.
C114 is supplied complete with:
• 1.5V AA Size Batteries (4 ea.)
• Glass Cuvet
• Cap
In addition to the above items, an optional
starter kit HI 731327 is available, supplied
with:
• Measurement cuvets (2 pcs)
• Primary calibration standards:
HI 93102-0 AMCO-AEPA-1 0 NTU* cali-
bration solution, 30 mL
HI 93102-20 AMCO-AEPA-1 20 NTU* cali-
bration solution, 30 mL
• HI 93703-50 Cleaning solution, 230 mL
• HI 731318 Tissue for wiping the cuvets
(4 pcs)
• HI 710031 Rugged carrying case
Diagnostic mode ....................................... 27
Logging with C 1 14 ................................... 28
User-selectable Shutdown......................... 30
Battery Replacement................................. 31
Diagnostic Codes ..................................... 32
Accessories.............................................. 33
Warranty................................................... 34
CE Declaration of Conformity ................... 3 5
ISO 9000 Certified
Company since 1992
2
Note: Save all packing material until you are
sure that the instrument functions correctly. Any defective item must be returned in its original packaging with
the supplied accessories.
* 1 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit) = 1 FTU
(Formazine Turbidity Unit)
3
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Hanna C114 is a portable microprocessor driven, multiparameter instrument. The
meter measures Free & Total Chlorine and
Turbidity.
In the colorimetric mode, the user can select
either factory preprogrammed calibration settings or calibrate the meter using customized
calibration values based on the concentration
or relative absorbance of the sample. Calibration data is also stored in a non-volatile
EEPROM.
In the turbidity mode, periodic recalibration of
the meter with primary standards according
to regulatory requirements or personal experience is suggested. Turbidity ranges are 0.00-
9.99 NTU and 10.0-50.0 NTU.
C114 complies with G.L.P. Standards (Good
Laboratory Practice), that is:
• When switched on, the LCD displays all
segments (display check).
• Battery status is monitored during every
measurement cycle warning the user if the
batteries become weak. In addition, C102
will turn itself off before low voltage causes
erroneous readings.
• It utilizes a real time clock and recalls
calibration data such as date, time and
calibration values.
digits and can display the measured parameter in hundredths. The lower level has three
characters and indicates current mode (e.g.
F CL for free chlorine or TR for turbidity).
Different LCD segments indicate low battery,
logging mode, date, time, etc.
A pure Green LED has been utilized as a
light source for both turbidimetric and colorimetric measurements. A silicon photocell is
used to receive transmitted light from colorimetric channel while another photocell receives scattered light from the turbidimetric
(nephelometric) channel.
In order to measure chlorine parameters, all
the operator has to do is zero the blank
sample and then add 1 packet of reagent.
After placing the cuvet back in the meter and
pressing READ, the measurements are shown
directly on the LCD.
The instrument operates with four AA batteries and may be operator-programmed to turn
itself off automatically after 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
or 60 minutes of inactivity.
C114 and all accessories such as sample
vials, reagent pillows, primary standards, can
be easily stored in the optional carrying case
(HI 710031).
To facilitate field tests, the meter provides a
logging mode. In this mode, the user can
store up to twenty five time-tagged measurements in RAM and scroll the memory at any
time.
There are eight keys for the different operational modes. The large Liquid Crystal Display is dual-level: the upper level has four
4
5
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Turbidity Mode
C 114 has been designed to perform mea-
surements according to the USEPA’s 180.1
method and the Standard Method 2130B.
The instrument functions by passing a beam
of light through a vial containing the sample
being measured.
The light source is a Pure Green LED to
ensure that any interference caused by a
colored samples is minimized.
A sensor, positioned at 90° with respect to
the direction of light, detects the amount of
light scattered by the undissolved particles
present in the sample. The microprocessor
converts such readings into NTU* values.
Colorimetric Mode
The color of every object we see is determined by a process of absorption and emission of the electromagnetic radiation (light) of
its molecules.
Colorimetric analysis is based on the principle
that specific compounds react with others to
form a color, the intensity of which is
proportional to the concentration of the
substance being measured.
LED
EMITTED LIGHT
CUVET MICROPROCESSOR
Block diagram of an ion specific measurement
LIGHT
DETECTOR
When a substance is exposed to a beam of
light intensity Io, a portion of the radiation is
absorbed by the substance's molecules and
a radiation of intensity I, lower than Io, is
emitted.
The quantity of radiation absorbed is given by
the Lambert-Beer Law:
log Io/I = ελ c d
NTU units are equal to FTU units. However,
there are other known measurement units for
turbidity, namely the Jackson Turbidity Unit
(JTU) based on the old method of Jackson's
candle, and Silica Unit (mg / L of SiO2). The
conversion table between these measurement
units is shown below:
JTU NTU/FTU SiO2 (mg/L)
JTU 1 19 2.5
NTU/FTU 0.053 1 0.13
SiO2 (mg/L) 0.4 7.5 1
6
* 1 NTU = 1 FTU
Where log Io/I = Absorbance (A)
ελ= molar extinction coefficient of the
substance at wavelength λ
c = molar concentration of the
substance
d = optical distance light travels
through the sample
Since other factors are known, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the color
intensity of the substance determined by the
emitted radiation I.
An LED (Light Emitting Diode) emits radiation
at a relatively narrow spectrum, supplying the
system with the intensity Io.
7
A substance absorbs a color complimentary
to the color it emits. For example, a
substance appears yellow because it absorbs
blue light. As a result, the Hanna meters use
LED’s with specific wavelengths to measure
samples.
The optical distance (d) is measured by the
internal diameter of the cuvet containing the
sample.
The photoelectric cell collects the radiation I
that is not absorbed by the sample and
converts it into an electric current.
The microprocessor converts the value into
the desired measuring unit and displays it on
the LCD.
The measurement process is done in two
phases: setting the meter to zero and actual
measurement.
The cuvet is an optical element and hence
has an important role in the measurement
process. Both the measurement and the
calibration cuvets must be optically identical
to provide the same measurement conditions.
It is also important that the surface of the
cuvet is clean and free from scratches or
dents, in order to avoid measurement
interference due to unwanted reflection and
absorption of light.
It is recommended that wherever possible the
cuvet walls are not touched by the operator.
Furthermore, in order to maintain the same
conditions during the zeroing and the
measuring phases, it is necessary to close
the cuvets to prevent any contamination.
8
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
1) Primary
LCD: The four-digit LCD shows all
segments for several seconds
when the meter is switched
on. It then displays four
dashes to indicate “ready to
measure”. It is also the area
where the date, time and value
of last calibration are shown.
In “Read” and “Zero” mode,
“SIP” is shown to indicate
“Sample In Progress”. The
upper level also indicates the
concentration or turbidity of
the sample, as well as differ-
9
ent diagnostic modes, such
as “-BA-” for low battery.
2) Secondary
LCD: The three-digit LCD shows the
current mode of measurement
that is “F CL”, “tCL”, “tr”,
and diagnostic or calibration
modes, such as “d11”,
“2 Fn”, “5c1”.
3) DATE: Indicates that the upper level
of LCD is showing the current date, the date of last calibration or the date of logged
measurement in memory.
4) TIME: Indicates that the upper level
of LCD is showing the current time, the time of last calibration or the time of logged
measurement in memory.
5) LOBAT: Blinking segment warns user
of low battery voltage.
6) LOG: If intermittent, it indicates that
the user is in the scroll mode
viewing the logged measurements. If fixed, it indicates
that the meter is in the log
mode and every reading
taken will be stored in
memory.
7) ON/OFF key:Turns the meter on and off.
8) ZERO/ key: In ion specific (colorimet-
ric) mode, it zeros the
sample. In calibration and diagnostic modes, it functions
as ENTER (not used in turbidity mode).
9) READ/ key: Takes the measurement of
concentration/turbidity of the
sample which is shown on
the LCD. In diagnostic or calibration mode, shifts the flashing digit to the right.
10) CAL key: If pressed during calibration,
the calibration procedure will
be aborted and the last calibration data will be reinstated.
If pressed together with the
ALT key for less then 3 seconds, the diagnostic mode will
be entered. If pressed together with the ALT key again,
the meter will quit diagnostic
mode. If pressed for more
then 3 seconds, an intermittent “CAL” prompt will appear on the upper LCD level
and the calibration procedure
is entered.
11) GLP/Abs key: In ion specific mode, it
will toggle concentration/absorbance readings on the upper LCD. In turbidity mode,
date, time and the two calibration values of the current
mode will be shown. If pressed
in time/date setup mode, the
meter will quit current mode
without making any changes
to current time/date.
12) key Scrolls upwards through the
parameters to be measured.
In calibration/diagnostic
mode, increments the blinking digit by one. If pressed
together with ALT while the
meter is in logging mode, the
upper LCD will show the data
(date/time/value) in the
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