Graupner mx16 User guide
mx-16
33116.mx-16 HoTT.3.en
Programming Manual
Contents
General Information
Contents ........................................................................ 2
Environmental protection notes ..................................... 3
Safety Notes .................................................................. 4
Safety notes and handling instructions relating
to Nickel-Metal-Hydride rechargeable batteries ............8
Disposal of exhausted dry and rechargeable batt. ........ 9
Foreword ...................................................................... 10
Description of radio control set .................................... 11
Technical specifications ............................................... 13
Recommended battery chargers ................................. 13
Operating notes
Transmitter power supply ......................................14
Receiver power supply .......................................... 16
Adjusting the stick length ....................................... 17
Opening the transmitter case ................................ 17
Changing the stick mode ....................................... 18
Description of transmitter............................................. 20
Front of transmitter ................................................ 20
Rear of transmitter ................................................. 21
Headphone socket ................................................21
Mini-USB socket .................................................... 21
Data socket ...........................................................21
DSC (Direct Servo Control) ................................... 22
Data storage / card slot ......................................... 22
Screen and keypad ...............................................24
Operating the “Data Terminal” ...............................25
Short-cuts .............................................................. 25
Hidden Mode
Language selection
Voice messages ........................................ 26
Changing the screen language ................. 27
Firmware update from SD card ....................... 27
Stick calibration ............................................... 27
Telemetry data displays ......................................... 30
On-screen warnings .............................................. 36
On-screen function fields....................................... 36
Position indicator of rotary controls CTRL 7 + 8 ....37
Input lock ............................................................... 37
Using the transmitter for the first time ..........................38
Downloading a firmware package ......................... 39
Firmware-update of the transmitter ....................... 39
Restoring the transmitter firmware ........................ 43
Using the receiver for the first time .............................. 44
Firmware-update of the receiver ...........................46
Backing up receiver settings .................................50
Installation notes ..........................................................52
Receiving system power supply ............................ 53
Definition of terms ....................................................... 56
Switch and transmitter control assignment .................. 57
Digital trims .................................................................. 58
Fixed-wing model aircraft.............................................60
Receiver socket sequence ............................... 61/62
Servo with incorrect direction of rotation ............... 62
Model helicopters ........................................................64
Receiver socket sequence .................................... 65
Program descriptions
Setting up a new model memory ................................. 66
“Model memories” ...................................................... 70
“Base settings” (model)
Fixed-wing model aircraft ...................................... 74
Binding receivers .............................................80
Range-checking ..............................................80
Model helicopter .................................................... 82
Binding receivers .............................................88
Range-checking ..............................................89
“Servo settings” ..........................................................92
“Transmitter control settings”
Fixed-wing model aircraft ...................................... 94
Model helicopter .................................................... 96
Throttle limit function ....................................... 99
Basic idle setting .............................................99
“D/R Expo”
Fixed-wing model aircraft .................................... 102
Model helicopter .................................................. 104
“Phase trim” (fixed-wing) .......................................... 106
What is a mixer? ........................................................ 108
“Wing mixer” ............................................................ 108
“Heli mixer” ..............................................................114
Adjusting throttle and collective pitch curves ....... 120
Auto-rotation setting ............................................ 124
General notes re. freely programmable mixers .......... 126
“Free mixers” ...........................................................127
Examples............................................................. 131
“Swashplate mixers” ............................................... 132
“Servo display” .........................................................133
“Basic settings” ........................................................134
“Fail-Safe” .................................................................136
“Telemetry” ...............................................................137
Setting & Data view ............................................. 138
Satellite operation with two receivers ............ 147
Sensor select....................................................... 150
RF status view ..................................................... 151
Selecting voice output ......................................... 152
“Trainer mode” .........................................................154
Wiring diagrams ..................................................157
Wireless HoTT system ........................................ 158
“Info display” ........................................................... 162
2
Contents
Programming examples
Introduction ................................................................ 164
Fixed-wing model aircraft
First steps ............................................................ 166
Including an electric power system .....................170
E-motor and Butterfly (crow) using Ch1 stick ...... 172
Operating timers .................................................. 175
Use of flight phases ............................................. 176
Servos running in parallel .................................... 177
Deltas and flying wings .............................................. 178
F3A models ...............................................................182
Model helicopters ......................................................186
Appendix
Appendix .................................................................... 194
Conformity declaration ............................................... 197
FCC Information ........................................................ 198
Guarantee certificate ................................................. 199
Environmental protection
This symbol on the product, in the operating instructions
or the packaging indicates that the product must not be
discarded via the normal household refuse at the end
of its useful life. Instead it must be taken to a collection
point for the recycling of electrical and electronic apparatus.
The materials can be re-used according to their identification code. You can make an important contribution to
the protection of our shared environment by recycling
old equipment and making use of its
basic materials.
Dry and rechargeable batteries must
be removed from the device and taken
to the appropriate collection point.
Please ask your local authority for
the location of your nearest waste
disposal site.
The sole purpose of this manual is to provide information; it is subject to amendment without prior notification.
Graupner accepts no responsibility or liability for errors
or inaccuracies which may occur in the information
section of this manual.
Contents
3
Safety Notes
Please read carefully!
We all want you to have many hours of pleasure in our
mutual hobby of modelling, and safety is an important
aspect of this. It is absolutely essential that you read
right through these instructions and take careful note
of all our safety recommendations. We also strongly
recommend that you register without delay at https://
www.graupner.de/en/service/product_registration, as
this ensures that you automatically receive the latest
information relating to your product by e-mail.
If you are a beginner to the world of radio-controlled
model aircraft, boats and cars, we strongly advise that
you seek out an experienced modeller in your field, and
ask him or her for help and advice.
If you ever dispose of this transmitter, these instructions
must be passed on to the new owner.
Application
This radio control system may only be used for the
purpose for which the manufacturer intended it, i. e. for
operating radio-controlled models which do not carry hu-
mans. No other type of use is approved or permissible.
Safety notes
SAFETY IS NO ACCIDENT
and
RADIO-CONTROLLED MODELS
ARE NOT PLAYTHINGS
Even small models can cause serious personal injury
and damage to property if they are handled incompetently, or if an accident occurs due to the fault of others.
Technical problems in electrical and mechanical systems can cause motors to rev up or burst into life unexpectedly, with the result that parts may fly off at great
speed, causing considerable injury.
Short-circuits of all kinds must be avoided at all times.
Safety Notes
4
Short-circuits can easily destroy parts of the radio control system, but even more dangerous is the acute risk
of fire and explosion, depending on the circumstances
and the energy content of the batteries.
Aircraft and boat propellers, helicopter rotors, open
gearboxes and all other rotating parts which are driven
by a motor or engine represent a constant injury hazard.
Do not touch these items with any object or part of your
body. Remember that a propeller spinning at high speed
can easily slice off a finger! Ensure that no other object
can make contact with the driven components.
Never stand in the primary danger zone, i. e. in the rotational plane of the propeller or other rotating parts, when
the motor is running or the drive battery is connected.
Please note that a glowplug engine or electric motor
could burst into life accidentally if the receiving system
is switched on when you are transmitting the transmitter.
To be on the safe side, disconnect the fueltank or the
flight battery.
Protect all electronic equipment from dust, dirt, damp,
and foreign bodies. Avoid subjecting the equipment
to vibration and excessive heat or cold. Radio control
equipment should only be used in “normal” ambient
temperatures, i. e. within the range -10°C to +55°C.
Avoid subjecting the equipment to shock and pressure.
Check the units at regular intervals for damage to cases
and leads. Do not re-use any item which is damaged or
has become wet, even after you have dried it out thoroughly.
Use only those components and accessories which
we expressly recommend. Be sure to use only genuine
matching Graupner connectors of the same design with
contacts of the same material.
When deploying cables ensure that they are not under
strain, are not tightly bent (kinked) or broken. Avoid
sharp edges, as they can chafe through insulating
materials.
Before you use the system, check that all connectors
are pushed home firmly. When disconnecting components, pull on the connectors themselves – not on the
wires.
It is not permissible to carry out any modifications to the
RC system components, as any such changes invalidate
both your operating licence and your insurance cover.
Installing the receiving system
In a model aircraft the receiver must be packed in soft
foam and stowed behind a stout bulkhead, and in a
model boat or car it should be protected effectively from
dust and spray.
The receiver must not make direct contact with the
fuselage, hull or chassis at any point, otherwise motor
vibration and landing shocks will be transmitted directly
to it. When installing the receiving system in a model
with a glowplug or petrol engine, be sure to install all
the components in well-protected positions, so that no
exhaust gas or oil residues can reach the units and
get inside them. This applies above all to the ON / OFF
switch, which is usually installed in the outer skin of the
model.
Secure the receiver in such a way that the aerial, servo
leads and switch harness are not under any strain. The
receiver aerial should be at least 5 cm away from all
large metal parts and any wiring which is not connected
directly to the receiver. This includes steel and carbon
fibre components, servos, electric motors, fuel pumps,
cabling of all kinds, etc..
Ideally the receiver should be installed well away from
any other installed equipment in the model, but in an
easily accessible position. Under no circumstances allow servo leads to run close to the aerial, far less coiled
round it!
Ensure that cables are fastened securely, so that they
cannot move close to the receiver aerial when the model
is flying.
Deploying the receiver aerial(s)
The receiver and its aerials should be installed as far
away as possible from all kinds of power system. If your
model has a carbon fibre fuselage, the aerial tips must
always be deployed outside the fuselage. The orientation
of the aerial(s) is not critical, but we recommend installing them vertically (upright) in the model. If the receiver
features aerial diversity (two aerials), the second aerial
should be arranged at 90° to the first.
Installing the servos
Always install servos using the vibration-damping
grommets supplied. The rubber grommets provide some
degree of protection from mechanical shock and severe
vibration.
Installing control linkages
The basic rule is that all linkages should be installed in
such a way that the pushrods move accurately, smoothly
and freely. It is particularly important that all servo output
arms can move to their full extent without fouling or rubbing on anything, or being obstructed mechanically at
any point in their travel.
It is essential that you should be able to stop your motor
at any time. With a glow motor this is achieved by adjusting the throttle so that the barrel closes completely when
you move the throttle stick and trim to their end-points.
Ensure that no metal parts are able to rub against each
other, e. g. when controls are operated, when parts
rotate, or when motor vibration affects the model. Metalto-metal contact causes electrical “noise” which can
interfere with the correct working of the receiver.
Directing the transmitter aerial
Transmitter field strength is at a minimum in an imaginary line extending straight out from the transmitter
aerial. It is therefore fundamentally misguided to “point”
the transmitter aerial at the model with the intention of
obtaining good reception.
When several radio control systems are in use on adjacent channels, the pilots should always stand together in
a loose group. Pilots who insist on standing away from
the group endanger their own models as well as those
of the other pilots.
However, if two or more pilots operating 2.4 GHz radio
control systems stand closer together than 5 m, the
down-link channel may be swamped, triggering a very
premature range warning. If this should occur, walk
away from the other pilots until the range warning
ceases again.
Pre-flight checking
Before you switch on the receiver, ensure that the throt-
tle stick is at the stop / idle end-point.
Always switch on the transmitter first,
and only then the receiver.
Always switch off the receiver first,
and only then the transmitter.
If you do not keep to this sequence, i. e. if the receiver
is at any time switched on when “its” transmitter is
switched OFF, then the receiver is wide open to signals
from other transmitters and any interference, and may
respond. The model could then carry out uncontrolled
movements, which could easily result in personal injury
or damage to property.
Please take particular care if your model is fitted with
a mechanical gyro: before you switch your receiver off,
disconnect the power supply to ensure that the motor
cannot run up to high speed accidentally.
As it runs down, the gyro can generate such a high
voltage that the receiver picks up apparently valid
throttle commands, and the motor could respond by
unexpectedly bursting into life.
Range checking
Before every session check that the system works properly
in all respects, and has adequate range.
Secure the model
adequately, and ensure that no persons are standing in
front of the model.
Before you fly the model, carry out at least one complete
check of all the working systems, and one complete
simulated flight, in order to eliminate any possible system faults or model programming errors. In this regard it
is essential to read the notes on pages 80 and 89.
When operating a model, i. e. when flying or driving,
do not operate the transmitter without the aerial fitted.
Check that the transmitter aerial is firmly seated.
Operating your model aircraft, helicopter, boat or car
Never fly directly over spectators or other pilots, and
take care at all times not to endanger people or animals.
Keep well clear of high-tension overhead cables. Never
operate your model boat close to locks and full-size vessels. Model cars should never be run on public streets or
motorways, footpaths, public squares etc..
Safety Notes
5
Safety Notes
Checking the transmitter and receiver batteries
It is essential to stop using the radio control system and
recharge the batteries well before they are completely
discharged. In the case of the transmitter this means –
at the very latest – when the message “battery needs
charging” appears on the screen, and you hear an
audible warning signal.
It is vital to check the state of the batteries at regular
intervals – especially the receiver pack. When the battery is almost flat you may notice the servos running
more slowly, but it is by no means safe to keep flying or
running your model until this happens. Always replace or
recharge the batteries in good time.
Keep to the battery manufacturer’s instructions, and
don’t leave the batteries on charge for longer than
stated. Do not leave batteries on charge unsupervised.
Never attempt to recharge dry cells, as they may explode.
Rechargeable batteries should always be recharged before every session. When charging batteries it is important to avoid short-circuits. Do this by first connecting the
banana plugs on the charge lead to the charger, taking
care to maintain correct polarity. Only then connect the
charge lead to the transmitter or receiver battery.
Disconnect all batteries and remove them from your
model if you know you will not be using it in the near
future.
Capacity and operating times
This rule applies to all battery types: capacity diminishes
with each charge. At low temperatures the battery’s
internal resistance rises, and capacity falls. This means
that its ability to deliver current and maintain voltage is
reduced.
Frequent charging, and / or the use of maintenance
programs, tends to cause a gradual reduction in battery
capacity. We recommend that you check the capacity of
all your rechargeable batteries at least every six months,
and replace them if their performance has fallen off
significantly.
Use only genuine Graupner rechargeable batteries!
Suppressing electric motors
All conventional (brushed) electric motors generate
sparks between the commutator and the brushes, which
cause more or less serious interference to the radio
control system, depending on the type of motor. If an
RC system is to work correctly, it is therefore important
to suppress the electric motors, and in electric-powered
models it is essential that every motor should be effectively suppressed. Suppressor filters reliably eliminate
such interference, and should always be fitted where
possible.
Please read the notes and recommendations supplied
by the motor manufacturer.
Refer to the main Graupner FS catalogue or the Internet
website at www.graupner.de for more information on
suppressor filters.
Servo suppressor filter for extension leads
Order No. 1040
Servo suppressor filters are required if you are obliged
to use long servo extension leads, as they eliminate the
danger of de-tuning the receiver. The filter is connected
directly to the receiver input. In very difficult cases a
second filter can be used, positioned close to the servo.
Using electronic speed controllers
The basic rule is that the electronic speed controller
must be chosen to suit the size of the electric motor it is
required to control.
There is always a danger of overloading and possibly
damaging the speed controller, but you can avoid this by
ensuring that the controller’s current-handling capacity is
at least half the motor’s maximum stall current.
Particular care is called for if you are using a “hot” (i. e.
upgrade) motor, as any low-turn motor (small number of
turns on the winding) can draw many times its nominal
current when stalled, and the high current will then burn
out the speed controller.
Electrical ignition systems
Ignition systems for internal combustion engines can
also produce interference, which has an adverse effect
on the working of the radio control system.
Electrical ignition systems should always be powered by
a separate battery – not the receiver battery.
Be sure to use effectively suppressed spark plugs and
plug caps, and shielded ignition leads.
Keep the receiving system an adequate distance away
from the ignition system.
Static charges
Lightning causes magnetic shock waves which can
interfere with the operation of a radio control transmitter
even if the thunderstorm actually occurs several kilometres away. For this reason …
… cease flying operations immediately if you notice
an electrical storm approaching. Static charges
through the transmitter aerial can be life-threatening!
Caution
In order to fulfil the FCC RF radiation regulations •
6
Safety Notes
applicable to mobile transmitting apparatus, the
equipment’s aerial must be at least 20 cm from any
person when the system is in use. We therefore do
not recommend using the equipment at a closer
range than 20 cm.
Ensure that no other transmitter is closer than 20 cm •
from your equipment, in order to avoid adverse
effects on the system’s electrical characteristics and
radiation pattern.
The radio control system should not be operated •
until the Country setting has been set correctly at
the transmitter. This is essential in order to fulfil the
requirements of various directives - FCC, ETSI, CE
etc. Please refer to the instructions for your particular
transmitter and receiver for details of this procedure.
Check all working systems and carry out at least one •
full range check on the ground before every flight, in
order to show up any errors in the system and the
model’s programming.
Never make any changes to the programming of the •
transmitter or receiver whilst operating a model.
Care and maintenance
Don’t use cleaning agents, petrol, water or other solvents to clean your equipment. If the case, the aerial etc.
gets dirty, simply wipe the surfaces clean with a soft dry
cloth.
Graupner cannot accept liability for non-approved
components or accessories made by other manufacturers. It is not possible for Graupner to assess
every individual item manufactured by other companies, so we are unable to state whether such parts
can be used without incurring a safety risk.
Liability exclusion / Compensation
It is not possible for Graupner to ensure that the user
observes the installation and operation instructions, and
the recommended conditions and methods when installing, operating, using and maintaining the radio control
components. For this reason Graupner denies all liability
for loss, damages or costs which arise through misuse
or mishandling of this equipment, or are connected with
such use in any way.
Unless obliged by law, Graupner’s obligation to pay compensation, regardless of the legal argument employed,
is limited to the invoice value of that quantity of Graup-
ner products which were immediately involved in the
event in which the damage occurred, unless the company is deemed to have unlimited liability on account of
deliberate or gross negligence.
Components and accessories
As manufacturers, the company of Graupner GmbH &
Co. KG recommends the exclusive use of components
and accessories which have been tested by Graupner
and approved for their capability, function and safety. If
you observe this rule, Graupner accepts responsibility
for the product.
Safety Notes
7
Safety notes and handling instructions relating to Nickel-Metal-Hydride rechargeable batteries
As with all sophisticated technical products, it is vitally
important that you observe the following safety notes
and handling instructions if you wish the equipment to
operate safely and reliably for an extended period.
Safety notes
Individual cells and rechargeable batteries are not •
playthings, and must be kept well away from children.
Store rechargeable cells and batteries out of the
reach of children.
Check that the batteries are in perfect, serviceable •
condition before every use. Do not re-use defective or
damaged cells or batteries.
Rechargeable cells and batteries must be used •
within the specified limits stated for the corresponding cell type.
Do not heat, incinerate or short-circuit rechargea-•
ble cells or batteries, and never charge them with
excessive currents or reversed polarity.
Never use rechargeable batteries consisting of •
parallel-wired cells, combinations of old and new
cells, cells of different construction, size, capacity, make, brand or cell type.
Batteries installed inside equipment should always be •
removed from the device when it is not in use and not
about to be used. Always keep equipment switched
off in order to avoid deep-discharged cells. Batteries
must be recharged in good time.
The battery to be charged should be placed on a •
non-inflammable, heat-resistant, non-conductive
surface for the whole of the charge period. Keep
inflammable and volatile objects and materials well
clear of the charging area.
Batteries must always be supervised when on •
Safety Notes
8
charge. Never exceed the maximum fast-charge current specified for the cell type in use.
If the battery heats up to more than 60°C whilst on •
charge, halt the charge process immediately and
allow the pack to cool down to about 30°C.
Never recharge a battery which is already charged, •
hot, or not completely discharged.
Do not make any modifications to batteries. Never •
solder or weld directly to cells.
If incorrectly handled, rechargeable batteries are at •
risk of combustion, explosion, corrosive action and
burns. Suitable extinguishing materials include fire
blankets, CO2 fire extinguishers and sand.
Escaped electrolyte is corrosive - do not allow it to •
contact skin or eyes. In an emergency rinse the area
immediately with plenty of clean water before seeking
medical help.
The cells’ air vents must never be blocked or sealed, •
e. g. by solder. When soldering, the iron temperature
should not exceed 220°C, and each joint should be
completed in less than twenty seconds.
To avoid cell deformation, do not exert excessive •
mechanical pressure on battery cells.
If a battery should be accidentally overcharged, use •
the following procedure:
Simply disconnect the battery and leave it on a noninflammable surface (e. g. stone floor) until it has
cooled down. Never hold the battery in your hand, as
there is a risk that cells might explode.
Always observe the recommended rates for charging •
and discharging.
General information
The capacity of your rechargeable battery diminishes
with every charge / discharge process. Stored batteries
may eventually exhibit reduced capacity.
Storage
Batteries should not be stored in a completely discharged state. Store them in a dry enclosed space at an
ambient temperature of +5°C to +25°C. If you are storing
a battery for a period longer than four weeks, ensure
that the cell voltage does not fall below 1.2 V
Balancing individual battery cells
To balance new battery cells, i. e. to bring them all •
to the same state of charge, charge them at what
is known as the ‘normal’ rate until they are full. As a
general guideline a fully discharged battery needs to
be charged for a period of twelve hours at a current
corresponding to one tenth of the capacity printed on
the cell label (the “1/10C” method). After this treatment all the cells will be fully charged, and exhibit
the same voltage. This method of balancing battery
cells should be repeated after every ten fast-charge
processes, so that the cells are repeatedly balanced;
this helps to ensure an extended useful life for your
batteries.
If you have the facilities to discharge individual cells, •
we recommend that you make use of this before
every charge process. Otherwise the battery pack
should be run down to a discharge voltage of 0.9
V per cell. For example, this corresponds to a final
discharge voltage of 3.6 V in the case of the four-cell
pack used in the transmitter.
Charging
NiMH batteries should only be charged using the specified currents, charge times and temperature range, and
should be supervised constantly when on charge. If you
do not have access to a suitable fast charger, i. e. one
which allows you to set the charge current accurately,
then the battery should always be recharged using the
“normal” charge rate of 1/10C; see the example stated
above.
Wherever possible, transmitter batteries should
always be recharged at the 1/10C rate, in order to
avoid differences in cell states. The charge current
must never exceed the maximum permissible value
stated in the transmitter instructions.
Fast charging
If your charger offers these facilities, then set the •
Delta Peak trigger voltage to 5 mV per cell. However,
most battery chargers are set to a fixed value of 15
… 20 mV per cell, and can therefore be used equally
well for NiCd batteries and for NiMH batteries. If you
are unsure, refer to the operating instructions or
ask your dealer whether the charger is also suitable
for NiMH batteries. If you are still not sure, charge
your batteries at half of the stated maximum charge
current.
Discharging
All rechargeable batteries sold by Graupner and GMRacing are suitable for a maximum continuous current
load of 6C … 13C, according to battery type (refer to the
manufacturer’s specification!). The higher the continuous
current load, the shorter the batteries’ useful life.
Use your battery until its performance falls off, or until •
the low voltage warning is triggered.
Caution:
When stored for a long period, the cell voltage should
not be allowed to fall below 1.2 V. This means that
you may have to recharge the battery before stor-
ing it.
Reflex charging and charge / discharge (cycle) •
programs shorten the effective life of batteries unnecessarily, and are only suitable for checking battery
quality or “reviving” relatively old cells. It also makes
no sense to charge / discharge a battery before using
it - unless you simply wish to check its quality.
Disposal of exhausted dry and rechargeable batteries
The German Battery Order places a legal requirement
on every consumer to return all used and exhausted
dry cells and rechargeable batteries. It is prohibited to
dispose of these items in the ordinary domestic waste.
At no charge to the user, old dry and rechargeable
batteries can be surrendered at local authority collection points, Graupner retail outlets, and any other shop
where dry and rechargeable batteries of the same type
are sold. You can also send batteries supplied by us to
the following address - with adequate pre-paid postage
- for disposal:
Graupner GmbH & Co. KG
Service: Gebrauchte Batterien (Used batteries)
Henriettenstr. 94 - 96
D-73230 Kirchheim unter Teck
You can make an important contribution to environmen-
tal protection in this way.
Caution:
Damaged batteries may require special packaging before despatch, as some contain highly toxic materials!!!!!
Safety Notes
9
mx-16 the latest generation of radio control technology
HoTT (Hopping Telemetry Transmission) is the synthesis of expertise, engineering and world-wide testing by
professional pilots. The equipment operates on the 2.4
GHz band, and offers bi-directional communication between transmitter and receiver via a down-link channel
integrated into the receiver.
The mx-16 HoTT RC system is based on the Graup-
ner/JR mc-24 computer radio control system which
was introduced back in 1997. It has been developed
specifically for the beginner, but the mx-16 HoTT is
still capable of controlling all current model types without problem - whether fixed-wing model or helicopter,
model boat or car.
In the area of fixed-wing models and helicopters it is
often necessary to employ complex mixer functions
for the control surfaces or the swashplate actuation
system. Computer technology enables you to activate
a vast range of functions to cope with special model
requirements – just by pressing a button. With the mx-
16 HoTT all you do is select the appropriate model
type, and the software then presents you automatically
with the appropriate mixer and coupling functions. This
means that the transmitter requires no additional modules in order to implement complex coupled functions,
and you can forget all about old-fashioned mechanical
mixers in the model. The mx-16 HoTT provides an
extremely high level of safety and reliability in use.
The mx-16 HoTT offers twenty model memories, each
of which can store model settings for different flight
phases. Individual phases can be called up in flight
simply by operating a switch, so that you can try out
various settings quickly and without risk. This can be
for test purposes or for varying parameters for different
phases of flight.
The large graphic screen makes operating the transmitter a simple, intuitive process. Mixers and other
functions can be displayed in graphic form, and this is
extraordinarily helpful.
The beginner quickly becomes familiar with the different
functions thanks to the clear, logically arranged program structure. Four-way touch-sensitive buttons to left
and right of the high-contrast screen are used to enter
settings, allowing the user to exploit all the options he
needs, in accordance with his experience in handling
radio-controlled models.
In theory the Graupner|SJ HoTT process allows more
than 200 models to be operated simultaneously. Although in practice the mixed operation of different technical systems in the 2.4 GHz ISM band – as required
by the approval regulations – reduces this number
considerably. Generally, however, it will always be possible to operate even more models simultaneously on
the 2.4 GHz band than on the 35 / 40 MHz frequency
bands which we have used to date. However, the actual
limiting factor – as it has always been – is likely to
remain the size of the (air-) space available. The simple
fact that no frequency control procedure is necessary
equates to an enormous gain in safety, especially at
flying sites such as gliding slopes where groups of pilots
may be distributed over a large area, with nobody in
overall control.
The integral Telemetry menu provides a simple means
of accessing data and programming HoTT receivers.
For example, this method can be used to map receiver
outputs, distribute control functions to multiple servos,
and match servo travels and directions to each other.
This manual describes each menu in detail, and also
provides dozens of useful tips, notes and programming
examples to complement the basic information. More
general modelling terms, such as Transmitter controls,
Dual-Rates, Butterfly (Crow) and many others, are all
explained in the manual.
Please refer to the Appendix for additional information
on the HoTT system. This manual concludes with the
transmitter’s conformity declaration and guarantee
certificate.
Please read the safety notes and the technical information. We recommend that you read right through the
instructions with great care, and check all the functions
as described in the text. This can be carried out simply
by connecting servos to the supplied receiver, and
watching their response as you program the transmitter. However, please read the notes on page 20 in this
regard. This is the quickest method of becoming familiar
with the essential procedures and functions of the mx-
16 HoTT.
Always handle your radio-controlled model with a
responsible attitude to avoid endangering yourself and
others.
The Graupner team wishes you great pleasure and success with your mx-16 HoTT - a radio control system of
the latest generation.
Kirchheim-Teck, March 2012
10
Introduction
mx-16 Computer System
Eight-channel radio control set with Graupner|SJ HoTT 2.4 GHz technology (Hopping Telemetry Transmission)
Micro-computer radio control system exploiting the •
latest Graupner|SJ HoTT 2.4 GHz technology
Bi-directional communication between transmitter •
and receiver
Five different languages•
English, French, German, Italian and Spanish
Ultra-fast response times through direct, ultra-reliable •
data transmission from the main processor to the
2.4 GHz RF module. No additional delay caused by
detours through a module processor.
Telemetry menu for displaying telemetry data, and •
programming receiver outputs and optional sensors.
Telemetry display shows numerous programming and •
analysis functions directly on the transmitter screen.
Speech output can be called up using freely pro-•
grammable switches
User-selectable servo cycle times for digital servos, •
min. 10 ms
Short, folding aerial•
Methods of operation and programming based on the •
proven concepts of the mc-19 to mc-24
High-contrast graphic screen with blue backlighting •
ensures perfect monitoring of set-up parameters,
such as model type, model memory, timers and
operating voltage.
Graupner|SJ HoTT technology offers extreme
reliability in use, with bi-directional communication
between transmitter and receiver, integrated telemetry, speech output via earphone socket and ultrafast response times.
Simplified programming technology with capacitive
programming touch-buttons.
High-contrast, eight-line graphic screen with blue
backlighting for ultra-clear display of all set-up parameters and telemetry data. Telemetry data is stored
on a micro-SD memory card.
12-bit / 4096-step channel signal resolution for extremely fine control characteristics.
USB socket for reading out and saving model memory data, and loading firmware updates.
Function encoder with two four-way touch-sensitive •
buttons for simplified programming and accurate
settings
Key-Lock function to guard against accidental opera-•
tion.
Four programmable flight phases•
Twenty model memories, with storage of all model-•
specific programming and set-up parameters
Description of radio control set
11
mx-16 Computer System
Eight-channel radio control set with Graupner|SJ HoTT 2.4 GHz technology (Hopping Telemetry Transmission)
Seven switches (two three-way switches, three two-•
way switches and two momentary switches), plus
three digital controls - already installed and extremely
versatile
Unrestricted assignment of all switches to switched •
functions simply by operating the appropriate switch
Internal real-time clock for dating log files•
User-replaceable CR2032 buffer battery for internal •
real-time clock
Storage of model memories using the latest battery-•
free back-up system
Eight control functions with simplified, very conven-•
ient assignment of transmitter controls for auxiliary
functions, such as switches and proportional controls
Convenient mode selector provides simple method •
of changing the stick mode (modes 1 - 4, e. g. throttle
right / throttle left).
When you change modes, all the affected settings
are switched at the same time.
Graphical servo display provides a straightforward •
overview of the servo set-up, and a swift method of
checking servo travels
Receiver output swap•
Comprehensive programs for fixed-wing model •
aircraft and helicopters:
Fixed-wing menu for: 1 AIL, 1 AIL + 1 FLAP, 2 AIL, 2
AIL + 1 or 2 FLAP, V-tail, delta / flying wing, two elevator servos
Fixed-wing mixer: diff aile, diff.flaps, ail rudd, ail
flaps, brake elev, brake flap, brake aile,
elev flap, elev aile, flap elev, flap aile
and diff. reduction
Heli menu: 1-point, 2-point, 3-point and 4-point •
linkages (1 servo, 2 servo, 3sv(2roll), 3sv(140°),
3sv(2nick (pitch-axis)), 4 SV (90°))
Swashplate limiter•
Servo travel adjustment +/- 150% for all servo out-•
puts, variable separately for each side (Single Side
Servo Throw)
Variable sub-trim, range +/- 125%, for adjusting the •
neutral position of all servos
Servo reverse, programmable for all servos•
EXPO / DUAL-RATE system, separately variable, can •
be switched in-flight, flight phase programmable
Stopwatch / count-down timer with alarm function•
Model memory copy function•
Integral DSC socket for use with flight simulators and •
Trainer systems
General features of the HoTT system
Simple, ultra-fast binding of transmitter and receiver•
Multiple receivers can be bound per model for paral-•
lel operation
Extremely fast re-binding, even at maximum range•
Two-receiver satellite operation using special cable •
connection
Range-check and warning function•
Receiver low-voltage warning on transmitter screen•
Ultra-wide receiver operating voltage range: 3.6 V to •
8.4 V (fully operational down to 2.5 V)
Fail-Safe•
Unrestricted channel assignment (channel-mapping), •
mixer functions and all servo settings programmable
in the Telemetry menu
Up to four servos can be actuated simultaneously •
as a block, with a servo cycle time of 10 ms (digital
servos only)
Optimised frequency hopping and broad channel •
spread for maximum interference rejection
Intelligent data transmission with corrective function•
Real-time telemetry analysis•
More than 200 systems can be operated simultane-•
ously
Future-proof update capability using USB port•
Description of radio control set
12
The set Order No. 33116 contains
mx-16 HoTT micro-computer transmitter with integral
4NH-2000 RX RTU flat-pack NiMH transmitter battery,
Order No. 33116.2 (specification reserved), plug-type
battery charger (5,6 V / 200 mAh), Graupner|SJ GR-16
HoTT bi-directional receiver, Order No. 33508, micro-SD
card, USB interface, Order No. 7168.6 and adapter lead,
Order No. 7168.6S.
Recommended battery chargers (optional)
Suitable for
the following
battery types
Order
No. Description
220 V mains conn.
12 V DC connect.
NiCd
NiMH
LiPo
Lead-ac.
6411 Ultramat 8 x x x x x
6463 Ultramat 12 plus x x x x x x
6464 Ultramat 14 plus x x x x x x x
6466 Ultra Trio plus 14 x x x x x x x
6468 Ultramat 16S x x x x x x x
6469 Ultra Trio Plus 16 x x x x x x
6470 Ultramat 18 x x x x x x x
6475 Ultra Duo Plus 45 x x x x x x x
6478 Ultra Duo Plus 60 x x x x x x x
6480 Ultra Duo Plus 80 x x x x x x x
Specification, mx-16 HoTT transmitter
Frequency band 2,4 … 2,4835 GHz
Modulation FHSS
Transmitter power see Country setting, page 135
Control functions Eight functions; four with trims
Temperature range -10 … +55°C
Aerial folding
Operating voltage 3,4 … 6 V
Current drain approx. 180 mA
Dimensions approx. 190 x 195 x 90 mm
Weight approx. 770 g with transmitter
battery
Integral charge. lead
Accessories
Order No. Description
1121 Neckstrap, 20 mm wide
70 Neckstrap, 30 mm wide
3097 Wind-shield for hand-held transmitter
Trainer leads for mx-16 HoTT:
see page 157
Specification, GR-16 HoTT receiver
Operating voltage 3,6 … 8,4 V*
Current drain ca. 70 mA
Frequency band 2,4 … 2,4835 GHz
Modulation FHSS
Aerial Diversity aerials,
2 x approx. 145 mm long,
approx. 115 mm encapsulated and approx. 30 mm
active
Servo sockets 8
Sensor socket 1
Temperature range approx. -10° … +55°C
Dimensions approx. 46 x 21 x 14 mm
Weight approx. 12 g
* The permissible operating voltage range stated above applies to
the receiver only! Please note in this regard that the receiver’s input
voltage is passed directly (i.e. unregulated) to the servo sockets, but
the permissible operating voltage range of the overwhelming majority of servos, speed controllers, gyros etc. which can be connected
to the receiver is only 4.8 to 6 Volt!
To charge the batteries you will also need the transmitter charge lead,
Order No. 3022 and the receiver charge lead, Order No. 3021.
For details of additional battery chargers, and details of the chargers
listed here, please refer to the main Graupner FS catalogue, or our
Internet site at www.graupner.de.
Replacement parts
Order No. Description
2498.4FBEC 4NH-2000 RX RTU, flat-pack
33800 HoTT transmitter aerial
For information on additional accessories please refer to
the Appendix or visit our Internet site at www.graupner.
de. Alternatively you can enquire at your local model
shop, where the staff will be pleased to advise you.
Description of radio control set
13
Operating Notes
#01
0:22h
stop
0:00
0:00
0.0V
4.7
HoTT
Mx
battery
needs
charging!!
x
Transmitter power supply
The mx-16 HoTT transmitter is fitted as standard with
a high-capacity rechargeable 4NH-2000 RX RTU NiMH
battery (Order No. 2498.4FBEC) (specification reserved). When delivered, the standard rechargeable
battery is not charged.
When you are using the transmitter you can monitor
the battery voltage on the LCD screen. If the voltage
of the transmitter battery falls below a certain voltage
(default 4.7 V), which can be set in the “Battery warning
threshold” line of the “Basic settings” menu, page 134,
you will hear an audible warning signal. The screen then
displays a message reminding you that the transmitter
battery needs to be recharged.
Always recharge the transmitter battery in good time.
When you see this message, cease operations immediately and recharge the transmitter battery.
Note:
Ensure that the correct battery type is set in the “Basic
settings” menu on page 134! NIMH must be set as the
standard value.
Charging the transmitter battery
The rechargeable NiMH transmitter battery can be
recharged with the battery charger (Order No. 33116.2)
supplied in the set, using the charge socket located on
the right-hand side of the transmitter. Leave the battery
Operating Notes
14
inside the transmitter for charging, to avoid premature
damage to the internal battery socket.
As an approximate guideline a discharged battery
should be charged for twelve hours at a current corresponding to one tenth of the capacity printed on the
pack. If you are using the standard transmitter battery
and the charger supplied in the set, this current is
200 mA.
The transmitter must be switched “OFF” for the whole
period of the charge process. Never switch on the
transmitter when it is still connected to the charger; even
a very brief interruption in the process can cause the
charge voltage to rise to the point where the transmitter
is immediately damaged. For this reason check carefully
that all connectors are secure, and are making really
good contact.
Polarity of the mx-16 HoTT charge socket
Commercially available battery charge leads produced
by other manufacturers are often made up with the opposite polarity. For this reason it is essential to use only
the genuine Graupner charge lead, Order No. 3022.
Using automatic battery chargers
As standard the charge socket is protected against
short-circuit by a diode. However, genuine Graupner
automatic battery chargers are still able to detect the
voltage of the battery. The maximum charge current
must not exceed 1 A, otherwise the diode and possibly
other components may be damaged.
If possible, set the delta peak voltage difference of your
fast charger to a value in the range 10 mV … 20 mV or
equivalent, as described in the charger’s instructions;
this ensures that it is suitable for fast-charging NiMH
cells.
First connect the banana plugs on the charge lead
to the charger, and only then connect the other end
of the charge lead to the charge socket on the transmitter. When the charge lead is connected to the
transmitter, never allow the bare ends of the plugs to
touch! To avoid damage to the transmitter, the charge
current must never exceed 1 A. If necessary, limit the
current on the charger itself.
Removing the transmitter battery
To remove the transmitter battery, first disengage the
cover over the battery compartment on the back of the
transmitter, then lift it off:
Remove the battery, then carefully pull on the power
lead to disconnect the transmitter battery connector.
Installing the transmitter battery
Hold the connector attached to the transmitter battery
in such a way that the black or brown
wire faces the aerial, and the unused
socket of the battery connector is on
the side facing the bottom, then push
the battery connector onto the three
pins projecting out of the inside of the
Polarity of
transmitter battery
connector
transmitter, in the direction of the circuit board. (The bat-
#01
0:00h
stop
flt
0:00
0:00
0.0V
5.6V
HoTT
Mx
tery connector is protected against reversed polarity by
two chamfered edges; see illustration).
Finally place the battery in the compartment, and close
the cover.
Battery timer, bottom left corner of the screen
This timer displays the cumulative operating time of the
transmitter since the last time the transmitter battery
was charged.
This timer is automatically reset to “0:00” when the
transmitter detects that the voltage of the transmitter
battery is significantly higher than the last time it was
switched on, e. g. as a result of a charge process.
CR 2032 lithium battery
On the left-hand side of the transmitter circuit board you
will find a holder fitted with a user-replaceable CR 2032
lithium battery:
disconnected; for example, when the transmitter battery
is replaced.
The purpose of this battery is to protect the system from
loss of date and time if the transmitter’s power supply is
Operating Notes
15
#01
2:22h
stop
flt
0:00
0:00
5.5V
5.2V
M
HoTT
Operating Notes
Receiver power supply
A wide range of rechargeable four-cell and five-cell NiMH
batteries varying in capacity is available for use as the
receiver power supply. If you are using digital servos we
recommend that you use a five-cell (6 V) pack of generous capacity. If your model is fitted with a mixture of
digital and analogue servos, it is important to check the
maximum permissible operating voltage of all the types.
The PRX unit, Order No. 4136, provides a stabilised
receiver power supply with a user-variable voltage from
one or two receiver batteries; see Appendix.
For reasons of safety battery boxes or dry cells should
never be used.
The voltage of the airborne power supply is displayed on
the transmitter screen while the model is flying:
If the voltage falls below the pre-set warning threshold -
3.8 Volt as standard, but variable in the Telemetry menu;
see page 146 - a visual and audible low-voltage warning
is triggered.
Nevertheless it is important to check the state of the
batteries at regular intervals. Don’t put off charging
the batteries until the warning signal is triggered.
Note:
Please refer to the main Graupner FS catalogue or visit
the Internet site at www.graupner.de for full details of
batteries, chargers, measuring equipment and battery
monitor units.
Operating Notes
16
Charging the receiver battery
The charge lead, Order No. 3021, can be connected
directly to the NC receiver battery for charging. If the
battery is installed in a model and you have installed one
of the following switch harnesses: Order No. 3046, 3934
or 3934.1 or 3934.3, the battery can be charged via the
separate charge socket, or the charge socket which is
built into the switch. The switch on the switch harness
must be left at the “OFF” position for charging.
Polarity of the receiver battery connector
General notes on battery charging
Observe the recommendations provided by the •
charger manufacturer and the battery manufacturer
at all times.
Keep to the maximum permissible charge current •
stated by the battery manufacturer.
The maximum charge current for the transmitter •
battery is 1.5 A. Limit the charge current to this value
on the charger.
If you wish to charge the transmitter battery at a •
current higher than 1.5 A, you must first remove the
pack from the transmitter, otherwise you risk damaging the circuit board through overloading the conductor tracks, and / or overheating the battery.
Carry out a series of test charges to ensure that the •
automatic charge termination circuit works correctly
with your battery. This applies in particular if you are
using an automatic charger designed for NiCd batteries to recharge the standard NiMH battery.
You may need to adjust the charger’s termination •
behaviour, if it provides this option.
Do not discharge the battery or carry out a battery •
maintenance program via the integral charge socket.
The charge socket is not suitable for this application.
Always connect the charge lead to the charger first, •
and only then to the transmitter or receiver battery.
Observing this rule eliminates the danger of accidental short-circuits between the bare contacts of the
charge lead plugs.
If the battery becomes hot when on charge, it is time •
to check the pack’s condition. Replace it if necessary,
or reduce the charge current.
Never leave batteries unsupervised when on •
charge.
Read and observe the safety notes and handling •
information in the section starting on page 8.
Adjusting stick length
Both sticks are infinitely variable in length over a broad
range, enabling you to set them to suit your personal
preference.
Hold the bottom half of the knurled grip firmly, and
unscrew the top section:
Now screw the stick top in or out (shorter or longer) to
the length you prefer before tightening the top and bottom sections against each other to fix the stick top.
Opening the transmitter case
Please read the following notes carefully before you
open the transmitter. If you have no experience in such
matters, we recommend that you ask your nearest
Graupner Service Centre to carry out the work for you.
The transmitter should only be opened in the following
cases:
When a self-neutralising stick needs to be converted •
to non-neutralising action, or a non-neutralising stick
to a self-neutralising action.
If you wish to adjust the stick centring spring tension.•
Before opening the transmitter check that it is switched
off (move Power switch to “OFF”).
Open the battery compartment and remove the transmitter battery as described on the previous double page,
together with any micro-SD card already installed.
After this, use a PH1-size cross-point screwdriver to
undo the six screws recessed into the back panel of the
transmitter, as shown in the illustration:
Arrangement of the case back screws
Hold the two case sections together with your hand, and
turn the unit over to allow these six screws to fall out
onto the table. Now carefully raise the case back and
fold it open to the right, as if you were opening a book.
C A U T I O N
Two multi-core cables connect the lower shell to the
transmitter electronics located in the top section.
Please take great care not to damage this cable!
Important:
Do not modify the transmitter circuit in any way, •
as this invalidates your guarantee and official approval for the system.
Do not touch any part of the circuit boards with •
any metal object. Avoid touching the contacts
with your fingers.
Never switch the transmitter on while the case is •
open.
Please note the following points when closing the
transmitter:
Make sure that no cables are jammed between the •
transmitter case sections when you close the back.
Check that the two case sections fit together flush all •
round before fitting the retaining screws. Never force
the two case components together.
Fit the case screws in the existing threads, and tight-•
en them gently. Over-tightening them will strip the
threads in the plastic.
Remember to re-connect the battery.•
Operating Notes
17
Operating Notes
Folding aerial
Converting the dual-axis stick units
Self-centring action
Either or both sticks can be converted from self-neutralising to non self-neutralising action: start by opening the
transmitter as described on the previous page.
If you wish to change the standard stick unit arrangement, start by locating the screw on the left-hand stick
unit shown circled in white in the photo below.
Self-centring screw
Brake springs
Adjuster screws
Right-hand stick unit
Charge socket
User-replaceable CR2032 lithium
cell, acting as buffer battery for the
integral real time clock
mitter circuit board
Do not touch trans-
Do not touch trans-
mitter circuit board
Adjuster screws for stick centring force
Left-hand stick unit
Memory card slot
Note:
The right-hand stick unit is of mirror-image construction,
i. e. the screw you require is located on the right, below
centre.
Self-centring screw
Brake springs
Adjuster screws
Turn this screw clockwise until the stick on that side
moves freely from one end-stop to the other; alternatively unscrew it until the stick is fully self-centring again.
Operating Notes
18
Brake spring and ratchet
You can alter the braking force of the stick by adjusting
the outer of the two screws circled in white in the next
picture; adjusting the inner screw alters the strength of
the ratchet:
Note:
The right-hand stick unit is of mirror-image construction,
i. e. the screw you require is located on the right, below
centre.
Stick centring force
The centring force of the sticks is also variable to suit
your preference. The adjustment system is located
adjacent to the centring springs; see the white circles in
the following photo.
You can set the preferred centring spring force by rotating the corresponding adjuster screw using a cross-point
screwdriver:
Turn to the right = harder spring tension;•
Turn to the left = softer spring tension.•
vertical
horizontal
Note:
The right-hand stick unit is of mirror-image construction,
i. e. the screw you require is located on the right, below
centre.
Operating Notes
19
Description of transmitter
Front of transmitter
Attaching the transmitter neckstrap
You will find a strap lug mounted in the centre of the
front face of the mx-16 HoTT transmitter, as shown in
the drawing on the right. This lug is positioned in such a
way that the transmitter is perfectly balanced even when
suspended from a neckstrap.
Order No. 1121 Neckstrap, 20 mm wide
Order No. 70 Neckstrap, 30 mm wide
Important note:
In the transmitter’s standard form any servos connected
to the receiver can initially only be operated using the
dual-axis sticks. For maximum flexibility, all the other
transmitter controls (CTRL 6 ... 8, SW 1 ... 9) are “free”
in software terms, and can be assigned to any channels
you like, enabling you to set up the system to suit your
personal preference or the requirements of a particular
model. This is carried out in the “contr set.” menu, as
described on pages 94 (fixed-wing models) and 96
(model helicopters).
Description of transmitter
20
Aerial with folding / rotating base
Rotary proportional control CTRL 7
2-position switch SW 8
3-position switch SW 4/5
2-position momentary
switch SW 1
Rotary proportional
control CTRL 6
Left-hand stick
Trim
ON / OFF switch
Left-hand touch-button
Central Status LED
Neckstrap lug
Rotary proportional control CTRL 8
Carry handle
2-position switch SW 9
2-position switch SW 2
3-position switch SW 6/7
2-position switch SW 3
Right-hand stick
Trim
Right-hand touch-button
LCD screen
Rear of transmitter
Data socket for connecting Smart-Box, Order
No. 33700
DSC socket for connecting flight simulators and
for Teacher mode
Case screw
Case screw
Case screw
Earphone / headphone
socket
Five-pin mini-USB
socket for connecting
transmitter to a PC
Case screw
Headphone socket
The central socket at the bottom edge of the back panel
name plate is intended for connecting a standard commercial earphone or headphones fitted with a 3.5 mm
barrel plug (not included in the set).
Signals and voice messages associated with the Telemetry menu are generated via this socket, as are
the transmitter’s audible signals. The default language
for speech output is German. For more information on
this please refer to “Voice messages” in the “HIDDEN
MODE” section starting on page 26, and the “Telemetry” section starting on page 137.
The volume of the headphone output can be adjusted
in the “Voice volume” line of the “Basic settings” menu;
see page 135.
mini-USB socket
This socket can be used to connect the transmitter to
a PC running Windows XP, Vista or 7. The software
required at the PC, including a suitable USB driver, can
be found in the Download section for that product at
www.graupner.de.
Once you have installed the software required, you can
update the transmitter via this connection as and when
required, or simply set the correct date and time of day.
Transmitter battery
charge socket
Case screw
Battery compartment cover
Case screw
Data socket
For connecting the optional Smart-Box, Order No. 33700.
For more details about the Smart-Box please refer to the
main Graupner FS catalogue, or refer to that product on
the Internet at www.graupner.de.
Description of transmitter
21
PUPIL
#11
0:01h
stop
flt
DSC
0:00
0:00
5.6V
HoTT
DSC
Direct Servo Control
The original function of this socket was for “Direct Servo
Control”, and that’s why the abbreviation is still in use.
However, for technical reasons “direct servo control” is
no longer possible with the HoTT system using a diagnosis lead.
The mx-16 HoTT transmitter’s standard two-pole DSC
socket is now used as a Trainer (buddy box) socket
(Teacher or Pupil), and as an interface for flight simulators.
For the DSC connection to work you must check the
following:
Carry out any adjustments required in the appropri-1.
ate menus:
See page 154 for information on setting up the mx-
16 HoTT transmitter to work as part of a Trainer system.
ALWAYS2. leave the transmitter’s On / Off switch in
the “OFF” position when using a flight simulator, and
when using the mx-16 HoTT transmitter as a Pupil unit in a Trainer system, for only in this position is
the RF section of the transmitter module switched off
(no RF signal) even when the DSC lead is plugged
in. At the same time the transmitter’s current drain is
reduced slightly.
The central Status LED should now glow a constant red, and the abbreviation “DSC” appears in the
transmitter’s base display on the left, below the model number. At the same time the display of telemetry
symbols is suppressed:
Description of transmitter
22
The transmitter is now ready for use.
In contrast, when the mx-16 HoTT is used in
Teacher mode, the transmitter must be switched on
before the appropriate cable is plugged in.
Connect the other end of the connecting lead to the 3.
appropriate apparatus, taking into account the operating instructions supplied with that device.
Important:
Ensure that all connectors are firmly seated in
their sockets.
Note regarding flight simulators:
The range of flight simulators available commercially
is now very wide, and you may find that it is necessary
to swap over certain contacts at the barrel connector
or the DSC module. This work must be carried out by a
Graupner Service Centre.
Data storage
Card slot
micro-SD and micro-SDHC
When you switch off the mx-16 HoTT transmitter and
remove the battery compartment cover, you will see the
card slot for memory cards (of the micro-SD and microSDHC type) in the right-hand side of the compartment:
In addition to the memory card supplied as standard, it
is possible to use any standard commercial micro-SD
memory card with a capacity of max. 2 GB, and any micro-SDHC card with a capacity of up to 32 GB. However,
the manufacturer recommends the use of memory cards
with capacities up to only 4 GB, as these are completely
adequate in all normal circumstances.
The memory cards for which the transmitter is intended
are familiar from their use in digital cameras and mobile
telephones. Place the card in the slot with the contacts
facing up, towards the back panel, and push it in until
it locks. When the battery has been installed and the
battery compartment closed, switching the transmitter
on causes a number of folders to be created on the
memory card. At the same time a stylised memory card
graphic appears in the base display to indicate that a
memory card is inserted.
#01
3:33h
stop
flt
0:00
0:00
5.5V
5.2V
HoTT
M
Note:
If there is an SD card installed, withdraw it BEFORE you
remove the transmitter’s back panel, otherwise there is a
risk that you will damage the card.
Prepare the memory card as described, remove it from
the transmitter, and insert it in a suitable card reader.
Make sure the reader is connected to your PC or laptop, and copy the files previously downloaded from the
Download page for your transmitter into the appropriate
folder. Finally remove the memory card from the card
reader, and replace it in the transmitter.
Data recording / storage
The process of saving data on the SD card is coupled to
the flight timer: if the timer is started, then data saving
commences - provided that a suitable memory card
is in the card slot, and a telemetry connection to the
receiver exists - and ceases again when the flight timer
is stopped. The flight timer is started and stopped as
described in the “Timers” section on page 77 for fixedwing models, and pages 86 for model helicopters.
When data is being recorded, the card symbol
flashes constantly and slowly.
When data is being written to the memory card, the
memory card symbol swells from left to right to indicate
the process.
When a data storage process is concluded, you will find
an (empty) “Models” folder and a “Log-Data” folder on
the memory card. The latter contains the log files, stored
in sub-folders named “Model name”, using the format
0001 Year-Month-Day.bin, 0002 Year-Month-Day.bin etc.
However, if a model memory has not yet been named,
then you will find the associated log files in a sub-folder
named “NoName” when you remove the memory card
from the transmitter and insert it in the card slot of a PC
or laptop. The data can subsequently be analysed on a
compatible PC using the PC program available on the
Download page for the transmitter at www.graupner.de.
Firmware updates / Changing the screen language
It is possible to replace and / or update the transmitter’s firmware - and the transmitter’s screen language,
if necessary - under menu control, as described in
detail on page 27 under the title “Firmware update” in
the “Hidden Mode” chapter. In addition to a German
version of the firmware, the SD card supplied in the set
as standard also contains firmware versions in English,
French, Italian and Spanish; this information was correct
at the time these instructions went to press.
Corresponding updates and information can be found
in the Download area of www.graupner.de under the
product concerned.
Importing voice files
As mentioned in the “Headphone socket” section on
page 21, the signals associated with the Telemetry
menu and voice messages can be generated via this
socket, in addition to the transmitter’s audible signals.
These voice messages are collected in a voice package
and stored in the transmitter’s internal memory, but they
can be replaced by a voice package in another language
at any time. For more information on this please refer to
the “HIDDEN MODE” section starting on page 26.
Importing and exporting model memories
Any model memories can be copied onto a memory
card in the transmitter, or copied from the card into the
transmitter, so that you can exchange data between
identical transmitters, and also back up your data. For
more information please see the “Model memories”
section starting on page 70.
Note:
Some of the special characters used in certain model
names cannot be accepted due to specific limitations
of the FAT or FAT32 file system used by memory cards.
During the copy process they are replaced by a tilde (~)
character.
Description of transmitter
23
Screen and keypad
Visual display of the trim lever positions; alternatively - if rotary controls CTRL 7 … 9 are operated - display of the current
settings of these two controls
Model name
Model memory 1 … 20
Left-hand touch-key
leaf through
pressed briefly together:
switches to Servo display
menu
ESC = interrupt / back
ESC touched for about three
seconds; Switches to the
Telemetry menu, and
back to the base display
Battery voltage
(If battery voltage falls below a particular level, you will see
a warning display - see “Warning notes” on page 36. At the
same time the transmitter emits an audible warning signal.)
Model type display
(fixed-wing / helicopter)
See page 36 for possible warnings
Stopwatch in min:sec
(count-up / count-down)
Flight phase name
Switching between
flight phases using switch
Flight timer in min:sec
(count-up / count-down)
Right-hand touch-key
leaf through / alter values
SET Select / Confirm
Simultaneous brief press of
or = CLEAR
Receiver power supply voltage
Battery operating time since
last battery charge, in hr:min
Description of transmitter - screen and keypad
24
Signal strength indicator
Operating the “Data Terminal”
Input buttons ESC and SET
symbols
On-screen telemetry symbols
The active model memory has not yet been
“bound” to a HoTT receiver. See page 80 or 88
for more information on the “binding” process.
Not flashing: RF switched off at transmitter
Flashing aerial symbol:
The last receiver bound to the active model is
inactive, or out of range
>M x No telemetry signal detected
Signal strength display
>M
Display of Pupil signal strength on the Teacher
>P
transmitter’s screen.
Buttons to the left of the screen
ESC• button
A brief press on the ESC button returns you step by
step within the function select system, taking you
right back to the basic display. If you make a change
in the meantime, the change is retained.
If touched for about three seconds in the base display, ESC opens and closes the Telemetry menu.
Arrow buttons •
A brief press on one of these buttons allows you 1.
to leaf through lists, such as the Model Select or
Multi-Function list, always moving in the direction
of the arrow; the arrow buttons are also used to
move through menu lines within menus.
A brief simultaneous press of the 2. buttons
switches from the base transmitter display, and
from almost any menu position, into the “Servo
display” menu.
Buttons to the right of the screen
SET• button
Starting from the base screen display - as it ap-1.
pears when you switch the transmitter on - a brief
press of the SET button takes you to the multifunction menus. You can also call up a selected
menu using the SET button.
Within the set-up menus you can activate (con-2.
firm) and disable the corresponding set-up fields
with a brief press of the SET button.
Arrow buttons •
1. “Leafs through” the multi-function menu and the
menu lines within the set-up menus, in the same
manner as the left-hand touch-key’s arrow buttons.
2. Selects and adjusts parameters in set-up fields after you have activated them by briefly pressing
the SET button; the buttons and are
assigned the same function in each case, i. e. it
makes absolutely no difference which of the two
buttons you use.
3. A brief simultaneous press of the or
buttons resets an altered parameter value in the
active input field to the default value (CLEAR).
Notes:
It is not the contact with the touch-key itself that trig-•
gers the corresponding action, but the cessation of
the touch.
If you switch the transmitter off and then immediate-•
ly on again, you may find that the touch-keys have
no effect. This is not a fault! Switch the transmitter off
again, and wait a few seconds before switching it on
once more.
Short-Cuts
You can call up particular menus or options directly using the following button combinations:
CLEAR•
A brief simultaneous press of the or buttons of the right-hand touch-key resets an altered parameter value in the active input field to the default
value.
“• Servo display”
A brief simultaneous press of the buttons of the
left-hand touch-key switches from the transmitter’s
base display, and from almost any menu position, to
the “Servo display”, menu; see page 133.
“• Telemetry”
Hold the central ESC button of the left-hand touch-
key pressed in for about one second in order to call
up the “Telemetry” menu from the transmitter’s base
display - see section starting on page 137 - and also
to return to it again.
Graphic display of telemetry data•
Briefly pressing the or button of the left or righthand touch-key switches directly from the transmitter’s base display to the graphic telemetry data display, and also leafs to and fro between the individual
graphic displays.
Press ESC to return to the base display.
“• HIDDEN MODE”
(language selection and contrast)
Simultaneously press the arrow buttons of the
left-hand touch-key AND the central SET button of
the right-hand touch-key; see next pagees.
Input lock•
Can be activated and disabled at the transmitter’s basic display by simultaneously holding the ESC and
SET buttons pressed in for about two seconds.
Description of transmitter - screen and keypad
25
VERSTECKTER MODUS
ANSAGEN
KNÜPPEL KALIBRIER.
FIRMWARE UPDATE
HIDDEN MODE
RF ON/OFF?
ON OFF
VERSTECKTER MODUS
ANSAGEN
KNÜPPEL KALIBRIER.
FIRMWARE UPDATE
DATEILISTE
VOICE2_FRANCE.VDF
VOICE2_GERMAN.VDF
VOICE2_ITALIANO.VDF
VOICE2_SPAIN.VDF
VOICE2_ENGLISH.VDF
DATEILISTE
VOICE2_FRANCE.VDF
VOICE2_GERMAN.VDF
VOICE2_ITALIANO.VDF
VOICE2_SPAIN.VDF
VOICE2_ENGLISH.VDF
HIDDEN MODE
CONTRAST
LANGUAGE
0
ENGLISH
VOICE
ENGLISH
22/100%
I
VERSTECKTER MODUS
ANSAGEN
KNÜPPEL KALIBRIER.
FIRMWARE UPDATE
Language selection and screen contrast
The “HIDDEN MODE” (VERSTECKTER MODUS) menu
of the mx-16 HoTT transmitter can be accessed from
virtually any menu position by holding the arrow buttons
of the left-hand touch-key and the SET button of
the right-hand touch-key pressed in; after about one
second this display appears:
VOICE
As mentioned in the “Headphone socket” section on
page 21, the signals associated with the Telemetry
menu and voice messages can be generated via this
socket, in addition to the transmitter’s audible signals.
The default language for these messages is German.
These voice messages are collected in a voice package
and stored in the transmitter’s internal memory, but they
can be replaced by a voice package in another language
at any time.
When this manual went to press, the following languages were available:
English•
French•
German•
Italian•
Spanish•
The currently active voice package can be exchanged
using either the PC program which is available at www.
graupner.de on the Download page for the transmitter,
Description of transmitter
26
or using the SD card supplied in the set, as described
in the following section. If you have not already done
so, insert your SD or SDHC card in the transmitter, as
described on page 22. Switch the transmitter on with RF
switched off:
Changing the language
Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key
to move to the “VOICE” (“ANSAGEN”) line:
Press the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key
to move to the Select page of the “VOICE” option:
Now use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand
touch-key to select the language you prefer, for example:
Confirm your selection by briefly pressing the central
SET button of the right-hand touch-key again: the
selected voice package is now loaded into the transmitter’s memory:
The loading process is finished when the progress bar
at the bottom edge of the screen disappears:
Finally switch the transmitter off to conclude the procedure.
All the settings stored in the transmitter are retained in
full even after you have switched languages.
Notes:
If the warning message …•
RF
MUST BE
OFF
OK
… appears, then the transmitter’s RF section is still
SD-CARD
INSERT
OK
FILE LIST
VERSTECKTER MODUS
KNÜPPEL KALIBRIER.
FIRMWARE UPDATE
ANSAGEN
DATEILISTE
MX-12_1V234_FRANCE.B
MX-12_1V234_GERMAN.B
MX-12_1V234_ENGLISH.
MX-12_1V234_ITALIANO
MX-12_1V234_SPAIN.BI
DATEILISTE
MX-12_1V234_FRANCE.B
MX-12_1V234_GERMAN.B
MX-12_1V234_ENGLISH.
MX-12_1V234_ITALIANO
MX-12_1V234_SPAIN.BI
Firmware Download
Prozess Start
Please Wait....
active. Switch this section off in the “RF module” line
of the “Base settings” menu, and repeat the procedure.
If the warning …•
… appears, then there is no memory card in the card
slot, or the card cannot be read.
If the Select window is empty …•
… then the transmitter cannot find a suitable voice
file on the SD card in the transmitter. If this should
happen, check the contents of the “VoiceFile” folder
by inserting the SD card in a PC or laptop.
FIRMWARE UPDATE / Changing the screen language
Important note:
It is essential to check the state of charge of your
transmitter battery before you carry out any update.
For safety’s sake recharge it and back up all occupied model memories, so that you can restore them
if anything goes wrong.
Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand
touch-key to select the firmware version you wish to use,
for example:
It is possible to update and / or replace the transmitter’s
firmware, and with it the screen language, using this
menu point; the procedure is similar to that described in
the section entitled “VOICE”. When this manual went to
press, the following languages were present on the SD
card supplied as standard in the set:
Confirm your choice by briefly pressing the central SET
button of the right-hand touch-key once more. The selected firmware now starts to load into the transmitter’s
memory, and after two brief screen displays (which only
concern the start of the firmware update) you will see …
German•
English•
French•
Italian•
Spanish•
Corresponding updates and further information can be
found at www.graupner.de on the mx-16 HoTT product page under Download.
Description of transmitter
27
Boot Download
Success!!!
Please Wait....
… this display:
Firmware
Downloading...
Progress 023/123
Firmware Upgrade
success!!!
SD-CARD
INSERT
OK
FILE LIST
HIDDEN MODE
STICK CALI.
FIRMWARE UPDATE
VOICE
1
3
5
7
2
4
6
8
0%
0%
0%
0 %
0%
0%
0%
0 %
1
3
5
7
2
4
6
8
0%
0%
0%
–50%
0%
0%
0%
0 %
The loading process is complete when the counter to
the left of “/” reaches “Data quantity” to the right of it, and
this message appears:
After a few seconds the message disappears, and the
transmitter re-starts. The system is now ready for use
again.
Notes:
If this warning message appears …•
28
Description of transmitter
… then there is no memory card in the card slot, or
the card cannot be read.
If the Select window is empty …•
… then the transmitter cannot find a suitable
firmware file on the SD card in the slot. If this should
happen, check the contents of the “Firmware” folder
on the SD card by inserting it into a PC or laptop.
STICK CALIBRATION
If you suspect that the centre point of your self-centring
sticks (transmitter controls 1 … 4) does not correspond
exactly to 0% travel of the transmitter control, you can
check and - if necessary - correct it using the following
procedure:
Move to the “Model select” menu and set up a free
model memory, as described on page 66. It makes no
difference whether you select a fixed-wing or helicopter
model type.
Wait for the usual on-screen messages which appear
in the base display after switching models, then move
to the “Servo display” menu with, for example, a simultaneous brief press of the buttons of the left-hand
touch-key, but WITHOUT moving the trims, or carrying
out any other programming procedures.
If all four of your primary stick functions are still set to
self-centring action, the screen display should look like
this:
Otherwise the bar and % figure for the non self-centring
stick function - usually that of the throttle / brake or
throttle / collective pitch stick “Ch 1” - will correspond to
the stick’s current position. For example, if the throttle /
brake stick is at the “quarter-throttle” position, then the
screen will look like this:
Now move each of the two primary sticks to each of the
four possible end-points in turn, but without exerting
pressure at the end-points. At each of the end-points eight in total - the screen should show exactly -100% or
+100%, depending on the side of centre. For example,
if transmitter control 2 is at its right-hand end-point, and
the three other stick functions are all at centre, then your
transmitter’s screen display should look like this:
1
3
5
7
2
4
6
8
–10 0%
0%
0%
0 %
0%
0%
0%
0 %
STICK CALIBRATION
0%
STICK CALIBRATION
0%
STICK CALIBRATION
+100%
STICK CALIBRATION
+100%
STICK CALIBRATION
0%
If this checking procedure shows a result of up to four
times 0% and eight times 100% - depending on the
number of your transmitter’s self-centring stick functions
- then the transmitter’s sticks are perfectly calibrated.
You can conclude the procedure and - if you wish erase the model memory you have just created.
If this is not the case, move to the “Stick calibration”
line of the “HIDDEN MODE” menu as described at the
start of the preceding double page, and briefly press the
central SET button of the right-hand touch-key:
With the arrow buttons of the right-hand touch-key
you can now select in turn the positions of the four stick
planes to be calibrated, for example, those of the left /
right plane of the right-hand stick:
Move the “left” flashing arrow marker to the left-hand
end-point using the right-hand stick - again without
exerting pressure …
… and briefly press the central SET button of the
right-hand touch-key. In our example this completes the
calibration of the “left-hand” end-point of the right-hand
stick, and the circle in the centre of the stylised stick
plane flashes to confirm this:
Now release the self-centring stick, so that it can take
up its centre position, and again press briefly the central
SET button to calibrate the centre position. The “right”
triangular marker now starts to flash:
Now repeat the calibration procedure for the right-hand
end-point of the right-hand stick. Repeat the procedure
for the other stick planes.
Notes:
If you make a mistake in the calibration process, sim-•
ply repeat the appropriate step.
Within any one stick plane each of the three calibra-•
tion positions can be selected directly using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key.
Conclude the procedure by briefly pressing the central
ESC button of the left-hand touch-key, then quit the
“Stick calibration” sub-menu.
Description of transmitter
29
SENSOR SELECT
RECEIVER
GENERAL MODULE
VARIO MODULE
ELECTRIC AIR.MOD
GPS
RX–S QUA: 100%
RX–S ST : 100%
TX–dBm: 33dBm
RX–dBm: 33dBm
RX–VOLT:4.8 TMP
L–PACK: 10ms
R–LOW V:4.6 +22°C
GENERAL
ELECT. AIR
VARIO
GPS
RECEIVER
Telemetry data display
RECEIVER
RX–S QUA: 100%
RX–S ST : 100%
TX–dBm: 33dBm
RX–dBm: 33dBm
RX–VOLT:4.8 TMP
L–PACK: 10ms
R–LOW V:4.6 +22°C
As described on page 150, as part of the “SENSOR
SELECT” sub-menu of the “Telemetry” menu …
… the graphic displays of one or more sensors can be
activated.
The “Receiver” display, and other graphic displays
activated in accordance with your choice of sensors, is
accessed from the transmitter’s base display by briefly
pressing the or button of the left or right-hand
touch-key:
You can switch between the displays for the sensors
activated in the “SELECT SENSOR” sub-menu of the
“Telemetry” menu by briefly pressing one of the arrow
buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key …
30
Description of transmitter - Telemetry data display
… and selecting the line for the desired sensor after
superimposing the Select window by pressing one of
the two buttons. If no sensor is currently active, all
the other displays / sensors described in the following
section are suppressed from the Select list, with the
exception of the “RECEIVER” display, which is described
in the next column:
If you wish, you can confirm your choice immediately
after this by pressing the central SET button of the
right-hand touch-key; alternatively you can simply wait
until, after a brief interval, the selected display appears
automatically.
Note:
The displays are described below in the sequence which
occurs when you press the button.
For more information on these modules please see the
Appendix, or refer to the product on the Internet at www.
graupner.de.
RECEIVER
This screen displays the data which can also be viewed
in the “RX DATAVIEW” screen of the telemetry menu
“SETTING & DATA VIEW” (see page 138), but in
graphic form.
The meanings are as follows:
Value Explanation
RX-S QUA Signal quality in %
RX-S STR Signal strength in %
RX-dBm Receive performance in dBm
TX-dBm Transmit power in dBm
L-PACK Shows the longest period in ms
in which data packets were lost in
transmission from transmitter to
receiver
RX-VOLT Actual receiver operating voltage in
Volts
R-LOW V Lowest receiver operating voltage in
Volts since the last time it was switched
on
TMP The thermometer indicates the
receiver’s current operating
temperature
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